FP5 PROJECTS - JPods

ENVIRONMENT & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 

KEY ACTION 4 

The City of Tomorrow and 

Cultural Heritage 

FP5 

PROJECTS 

http://www.cordis.lu/eesd/ka4/home.html 

edition February 2003 

compiled and edited by Joanna Basztura

How does this document work? 

The projects are listed alphabetically by the priority area of 

the Key Action in which they fall. You will find each priority 

area listed in the Section II. Section III lists all the projects. 

Section IV lists all the clusters, which have been 

established around different projects and which are 

centred on strategic thematic areas. Section V includes full 

tables outlining each project, including project titles, work 

descriptions, contact details, and a list of participants. 

Web-site addresses can be found at the start of each subsection.

Table of contents: 

I. Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. 4 

II. List of priority areas ................................................................................................................................................... 5 

III. List of projects in each priority area.......................................................................................................................... 6 

IV. List of clusters of projects....................................................................................................................................... 16 

V. Abstracts of projects ............................................................................................................................................... 17

I. Introduction 

The City of Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage Key Action aims to improve urban 

sustainability through delivering real, noticeable benefits to citizens throughout the EU 

by 2010. It will achieve this: 

• by concentrating these resources on four specific areas: 

• city planning and management, 

• cultural heritage, 

• built environment, 

• urban transport, 

where action is urgently required, and where there is untapped technological 

potential and strong demand for new solutions from cities themselves; 

• by focusing primarily on the integration and co-ordination of outputs from other 

EU and national research programmes, thus avoiding duplication of effort; 

• by selecting only projects likely to have significant impacts, regionally and at 

European level, managing and clustering them with a view to practical 

implementation and the transferability of their results; 

• by ensuring appropriate end-user involvement, and creating transnational 

networks with the capacity, opportunity and motivation to continue to exploit and 

disseminate results after the research phase is completed. 

The Key Action has thus been specifically designed to ensure rapid, EU-wide take-up of 

practical new approaches to urban governance, planning and management. It is 

expected to produce, within a decade, measurable advances in economic development, 

environmental performance and quality of life, which will directly benefit the 80% of EU 

citizens, who now live in cities and large towns. 

This document includes the main projects that relate to the Key Action within the Fifth 

Framework Programme. Following changes within the Research DG, a number of 

INCO projects (International Cooperation in Research) are managed alongside within 

the City of Tomorrow & Cultural Heritage Key Action. These projects involve research 

into cultural heritage preservation and integration in the Medcountries. 

They are listed under Section 4.2 of this guide.

II. List of priority areas 

4.1 Sustainable city planning and rational resource management 

4.1.1 Improving urban governance and decision making 

4.1.2 Improving the quality of urban life 

4.1.3 Improving economic development, competitiveness and job 

creation in city centres and neighbourhoods 

4.2 Protection, conservation and enhancement of European 

cultural heritage 

4.2.1 Improved damage assessment on cultural heritage 

4.2.2 Development of innovative conservation strategies 

4.2.3 Foster integration of cultural heritage in the urban setting 

INCO projects (International Co-operation in research) 

4.3 Development and demonstration of technologies for safe, economic, 

clean, effective and sustainable preservation, recovery, renovation, 

construction, dismantling and demolition of the built environment, in 

particular for large groups of buildings 

4.3.1 Sustainable construction and reconstruction of large groups of buildings 

and urban infrastructure 

4.3.2 Optimum use of urban land and rehabilitation of brownfield sites 

4.4. Comparative assessment and cost effective implementation of 

strategies for sustainable transport systems in an urban 

environment 

4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban planning towards 

sustainable urban transport 

4.4.2 Comparative assessment and demonstration of novel transport forms 

and related infrastructure

III. List of projects in each priority area 

4.1 Sustainable city planning and rational resource 

management 


ACRONYM TITLE 

COMMUNAL 

LABELS 

Development of instruments for labelling, benchmarking and 

TQM for (energy-) efficient communities 

DEMOS Democratic Participation in Urban Governance 26 

DISCUS Developing Institutional and Social Capacity for Urban 

Sustainability 

28 

ECOPADEV Developing new decision-making tools to promote the 

sustainable development in European cities based on ecoindustrial 

park strategy 

30 

GREENSCOM Communicating Urban Growth and Green: 

assessment of planning concepts and policy instruments for 

sustainable development of the urban landscape 

32 

IANUS Indicator system to assess new urban services. Improving 

decision making through evaluation 

35 

INTEGAIRE Integrated urban governance and air quality management in 

Europe 

37 

INTERACT Integrated Urban governance for the City of Tomorrow 39 

LASALA 

Eco-efficient urban management and new models of urban 

governance: the evaluation of LA21 in European local authorities 

through "concerted self assessment' 

41 

LASALA-ONLINE Local agenda 21 self-assessment for local authorities on-line 43 

PASTILLE Promoting action for sustainability through indicators at the local 

level in Europe 

45 

PEGASUS Planning, Environment, Governance and Sustainability 47 

PLUS Participation, leadership and urban sustainability 49 

RECOURSE Research and Education Centre for Urban Socio-Economic 

Development 

51 

SUDLAB Sustainable urban development laboratory 53 

SUT-GOVERNANCE Sustainable urban tourism: involving local agents and 

partnerships for new forms of governance 

55 

UGIS Urban development programme, urban governance, social 

inclusion and urban sustainability 

57 

URBEST Urban best practices 59 

URBS PANDENS Urban Sprawl: European Patterns, Environmental Degradation 

and Sustainable Development 

61 

24


ACRONYM TITLE 

AWAST 

Aid in the management and European Comparison of a 

municipal solid waste treatment for a global & sustainable 

approach 

AGORA Cities for People 65 

BUGS Benefits of urban green space 67 

CAST Process and software tools for analysis and simulation of 

development of cities into the future 

CLEANAIR Increased quality of life for 76 million EU citizens by enhancing 

air quality in urban areas through development of a residential 

cleaning technology for burning solid fuel for domestic use 

ENTRUST Empowering Neighbourhood Through Recourse of Urban 

Synergies with Trades 

EUROCULT21 Urban cultural profiles exchange project 76 

EUWMC European urban waste management cluster 79 

FUMAPEX Integrated Systems for Forecasting Urban Meteorology, Air 

Pollution and Population Exposure 

GREENCLUSTER Clustering of five ongoing research projects on green space in 

urban areas 

GREENSPACE The contribution of urban green-space to quality of life 85 

HOMESERVICES Benchmarking sustainable services for the housing sector in the 

city of tomorrow 

INDICATORS FOR 

SOCIAL URBAN 

SUSTAINABILITY 

Formal Indicators of Social Urban sustainability 89 

INERWASTE Development of a new wastes inerting technique for landfilling or 

valorisation 

90 

LCA-IWM The Use of Life Cycle Assessment Tools for the Development of 

Integrated Waste Management Strategies for Cities and Regions 

with Rapid Growing Economies 

LUDA Improving the quality of life in large urban distressed areas 95 

MICRODRAINAGE Development of a cost-effective solution for the safe and 

definitive remediation of the European landfills which present the 

danger for the leachate to pollute the waterbed 

NEHOM Evaluating housing and neighbourhood initiatives to improve 

quality of life of deprived urban neighbourhoods and assessing 

their transferability across Europe 

NOZONE An intelligent responsive pollution and odour abatement 

technology for cooking emission extraction systems 

ORMA Optimisation of resource use and waste management in an Eco 

Industrial Park 

ACRONYM TITLE 

63 

69 

71 

73 

81 

83 

87 

92 

97 

99 

101 

103

OSCAR Optimised Expert System for Conducting Environmental 

Assessment of Urban Road Traffic 

PAYT Variable rate pricing based on pay-as-you-throw as a tool of 

urban waste management 

PETUS Practical Evaluation Tools for Urban Sustainability 109 

PUB+ Accessibility to the public utility buildings for urban citizens with 

mobility impairments. The socio-economic comparative studies. 

111 

RELIEF 

Environmental relief potential of urban action on avoidance and 

detoxification of waste streams through green public 

procurement 

112 

RESTATE 

Restructuring Large-scale Housing Estates in European Cities: 

Good Practices and New Visions for Sustainable 

Neighbourhoods and Cities 

115 

RE URBAN MOBIL Mobilizing RE-urbanisation on condition of demographic change 117 

RUROS Rediscovering the urban realm and green spaces 119 

SAPPHIRE Source Apportionment of Airborne Particulate Matter and 

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Regions of Europe 

121 

SELMA Spatial deconcentration of economic land use and quality of life 

in European metropolitan areas 

123 

SPECTRA- 

PERSEUS 

Permanent research in spatial development in the context of EU 

enlargement and information society advancement 

SURE A Time-Oriented model for Sustainable Urban Regeneration 127 

S.W.A TOOL Development of a methodological tool to enhance the precision 

and comparability of solid waste analysis data 

129 

TOOLSUST 

The involvement of stakeholders to develop and implement tools 

for sustainable households in the city of tomorrow 

131 

URBAN AEROSOL Characterisation of urban air quality indoor/outdoor particulate 

matter chemical characteristics and source-to-inhaled dose 

relationships 

133 

URBAN EXPOSURE Integrated Exposure Management Tool Characterizing Air 

pollution-relevant Human Exposure in Urban Environment 

134 

URBEM Urban River Basin Enhancement Methods 136 

URBSOIL Urban soils as a source and sink for pollution 138 

URGE Development of urban green spaces to improve the quality of life 

in cities and urban regions 

WATERTIME Improving the quality of urban life through sustainable decisionmaking 

on city water system reform 

105 

106 

125 

139 

143



ACRONYM TITLE 

COMET Competitive Metropolises - Economic Transformation, Labour 

Market and Competition in European Agglomerations 

145 

MASURIN Management of Sustainable Revitalising Urban Industrial Sites 146 

OPTIAS Development of a Management Concept for Optimising the 

Location Strategy (Optias) in Urban and Suburban Commercial 

Properties 

149 

SUPER Sustainable urban planning and economic (re)development 151 

URBAN 

Strategies for temporary uses- potential for development of 153 

CATALYSTS 

urban residual areas in European metropolises

4.2 Protection, conservation and enhancement of European 

cultural heritage 


ACRONYM TITLE 

BIOBRUSH Novel approaches to conserve our European heritage: 

Bioremediation for Building Restoration of the Urban Stone 

Heritage in European States 

160 

CARAMEL Carbon content and origin of damage layers in European 

monuments 

162 

DEMOTEC A Development Of A Monitoring System For Cultural Heritage 

Through European co-operation 

163 

ESDCON European Salt Damage Conservation Network 165 

FIRE-TECH Fire Risk Evaluation to European Cultural heritage-Quantification 

of priorities and optimisation of fire protection strategies 

169 

FRIENDLY 

Friendly heating: comfortable to people and compatible with 171 

HEATING 

conservation of art works preserved in churches 

IDAP Improved Damage Assessments of parchments 173 

IMPACT Innovative modelling of museum pollution and conservation 

thresholds 

175 

ITER Isotopic Technologies applied to the analysis of ancient mortors 177 

LIDO A light dosometer for monitoring cultural heritage: development, 

testing and transfer to market 

179 

MIMIC Motorclimate indoor monitoring in cultural heritage preservation 181 

MODHT Monitoring of Damage in Historic Tapestries 182 

MULTI-ASSESS Model for multi-pollutant impact and assessment of threshold 

levels for cultural heritage 

183 

ONSITEFOR- 

On-site investigation techniques for the structural evaluation of 185 

MASONRY 

historic masonry buildings 

VIDRIO Determination of conditions to prevent weathering due to 

condensation, particle deposition and micro-organism growth on 

ancient stained glass windows with protective glazing 

188


ACRONYM TITLE 

ASSET Assessment of suitable products for the conservation treatments 

of seas-salt decay 

BACPOLES Preserving cultural heritage by preventing bacterial decay of wood 

in foundation poles and shipwrecks 

BIODAM Inhibitors of biofilm damage on mineral materials 194 

BIOREINFOR-CE Biomediated calcite precipitation for monumental stones 

reinforcement 

196 

CATS Cyanobacteria attack rocks:control and preventative strategies to 

avoid damage caused by cyanobacteria and associated 

microorganisms in roman hypogean monuments 

198 

COALITION Concerted action on molecular microbiology as an innovative 

conservation strategy for indoor and outdoor cultural assets 

200 

COLLAPSE Corrosion of Lead and lead-Tin Alloys of Organ Pipes in Europe 202 

COMPASS Compatibility of Plasters and Renders with Salt loaded Substrates 

in Historic Buildings 

204 

CONTROLLED 

PAPER CLEANING 

Controlled paper cleaning using laser technology 206 

DIAS Integrated tool for in situ characterization of effectiveness and 

durability of conservation techniques in historical structures 

207 

HISTO-CLEAN Intelligent Measurment Technology For Laser Cleaning Of Historic 

Buildings And Monuments 

209 

INKCOR Stabilisation of Iron Gall Ink Containing paper 211 

LASERACT Laser multitask non destructive technology in conservation 

diagnostic procedures 

212 

MASTER Preventive Conservation Strategies for Protection of Organic 

Objects in Museums, Historic Buildings and Archives 

214 

MIP Transitional Metals in Paper 216 

PAPYLUM Chemiluminescence: a novel tool in paper conservation studies 219 

ROCEM Roman cement to restore built heritage effectively 220 

190 

192


ACRONYM TITLE 

APPEAR Accessibility Projects sustainable Preservation and Enhancement 

of urban subsoil Archaeological Remains 

SUIT Sustainable development of urban historical areas through active 

integration within towns 

INCO projects on cultural heritage 

ACRONYM TITLE 

ACHIMED Archaeological composites in Mediterranean architecture : baked 

glass ceramics alteration and re-creation 

CAHRISMA Conservation of the acoustical heritage by the revival and 

identification of the Sinan's Mosque's acoustics 

CHIME Conservation of historical Mediterranean sites by innovative 

seismic-protection techniques 

FORTIMED Restoration and use of the early medieval fortifications in the east 

Mediterranean countries 

HERCOMANES Heritage conservation and management in Egypt and Syria 235 

JEWELMED Comparative Analysis Of Manufacturing Technologies In 

Goldsmithing And Silversmithing From The seventh to the first 

Century B.C In The Mediterranean Area 

TEXMED New materials and eco-sustainable technologies for the 

conservation and restoration of textiles 

222 

224 

226 

228 

231 

233 

236 

238

4.3 Development and demonstration of technologies for safe, 

economic, clean, effective and sustainable preservation, 

recovery, renovation, construction, dismantling and 

demolition of the built environment, in particular for large 

groups of buildings 

4.3.1 Sustainable construction and reconstruction of large groups of 

buildings and urban infrastructure 

ACRONYM TITLE 

CRISP Construction and city related sustainability 243 

CURE Centre for Urban Construction and Rehabilitation: Technology 

Transfer, Research and Education 

HQE 2 R Sustainable renovation of buildings for sustainable 

neighbourhoods 

IRMA Integrated decontamination and rehabilitation of buildings, 

structures and materials in urban renewal 

PRESCO 

European thematic network on practical recommendations for 

sustainable construction 

RISK-UE An advanced approach to earthquake risk scenarios with 

applications to different European towns 

255 

RUFUS Re-use of Foundations for Urban Sites 257 

SAFEFLOOR Low risk and totally recyclable structural buildings 259 

SHE Sustainable housing in Europe 261 

SUREURO Sustainable refurbishment Europe 263 

WAMBUCO European Waste Manual for Building Construction 266 


ACRONYM TITLE 

CABERNET Concerted action on brownfield and economic regeneration 

network 

269 

HYGEIA Hybrid geophysical technology for the evaluation of insidious 

contaminated areas 

272 

NORISC Network orientated risk assessment by in-situ screening of 

contaminated sites 

274 

RESCUE Regeneration of European sites in cities and urban environment 276 

246 

247 

250 

252

4.4. Comparative assessment and cost effective 

implementation of strategies for sustainable transport 

systems in an urban environment 

4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban planning 

towards sustainable transport 

ACRONYM TITLE 

ARTISTS Arterial Streets towards sustainability 281 

ASI Assess implementations in the frame of the Cities-of-Tomorrow 

programme 

283 

ASTRAL 

The diffusion, exploitation, transfer and take-up of research 

results from a cluster of research projects undertaken under 

Task 4.4.1 of the City of Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage Key 

Action 

285 

CITY FREIGHT Inter- and intra-city freight distribution network 287 

ECOCITY Urban development towards appropriate structures for 

sustainable transport 

289 

FREDERIC Freight Delivery Rationalisation in Cities, Sustainable use of 

professional vehicles in urban areas, a joint effort of Local 

Decision-Makers, Shippers and Car Manufacturers 

ISHTAR Integrated software for health, transport, efficiency and artistic 

heritage recovery 

294 

PLUME Planning and Urban Mobility in Europe 296 

PROMPT New means to promote pedestrian traffic in cities 298 

PROPOLIS Planning and research of policies for land use and transport for 

increasing urban sustainability 

300 

PROSPECTS Procedures for recommending optimal sustainable planning of 

European city transport systems 

302 

SCATTER Sprawling cities and transport: from evaluation to 304 

SUTRA 

recommendations 

Sustainable urban transportation 304 

TRANSPLUS Transport planning, land use and sustainability 308 

VELOINFO The European Network for Cycling Expertise 311

4.4.2 Comparative assessment and demonstration of novel transport 

forms and related infrastructure 

ACRONYM TITLE 

CYBERMOVE Cybernetic transportation systems for the cities of tomorrow 313 

ECTOS 

Ecological city transport system: demonstration, evaluation and 

research project of Hydrogen fuel cell bus transportation system 

of the future 

Error 

! 

Book 

mark 

not 

defin 

ed. 

EDICT Evaluation and demonstration of innovative city transport 317 

MOSES Mobility Services for Urban Sustainability (car sharing) 319 

NETMOBIL New Transport system concepts for enhanced and sustainable 

personal Mobility 

320 

STARDUST 

Towards sustainable town development: a research on 

deployment of urban sustainable transport (driver assistance 

systems) 

323

IV. List of clusters of projects 

No Name of the cluster Project acronym 

AREA 4.1 Sustainable city planning and rational resource management 

1. Air pollution CLEANAIR, FUMAPEX, INTEGAIRE, NOZONE, OSCAR, 

SAPPHIRE, URBAN AEROSOL URBAN EXPOSURE, 

2. Greencluster BUGS, GREENSCOM, GREENSPACE, RUROS, URGE 

3. Governance for urban 

sustainability 

4. Urban planning & 

economic development 

BUGS, COMMUNAL LABELS, DEMOS, DISCUS, 

EUROCULT21, GREENSCOM, GREENSPACE, IANUS, 

INTERACT, LASALA, NEHOM, PASTILLE, PEGASUS,PLUS, 

RUROS, SUT-GOVERNANCE, TOOL SUST, UGIS, URBAN 

CATALYSTS, URBS PANDENS, URGE 

COMET, ENTRUST, ECOPADEV, MASURIN, OPTIAS, 

5. Urban regeneration ENTRUST, LUDA, NEHOM, RESTATE, RE URBAN MOBIL, 

SURE, URBAN CATALYSTS 

6. Urban waste management AWAST, LCA-IWM, ORMA, PAYT, SWA-TOOL, RELIEF, 

AREA 4.2 Protection, conservation and enhancement of European cultural heritage 

7. Air pollution threshold 

levels for cultural heritage 

CARAMEL, MULTIASSESS 

8. Damage to historic 

buildings 

ASSET, COMPASS, DIAS, ESDCON, ROCEM, 

9. Environment inside 

museums 

10. Foster integration of 

cultural heritage into the 

urban setting 

11. Novel microbiological tools 

for conservation 

INK-COR, FRIENDLY HEATING, IDAP, IMPACT, LIDO, 

MASTER, MIMIC, MIP, MODHT, PAPYLUM, VIDRIO, 

APPEAR, SUIT 

BIOREINFORCE, CATS, COALITION, BACPOLES, BIODAM, 

BIOBRUSH 

AREA 4.3 Development and demonstration of technologies for safe, economic, clean, effective 

and sustainable preservation, recovery, renovation, construction, dismantling and 

demolition of the built environment, in particular for large groups of buildings 

12. Brownfield regeneration CABERNET, HYGEIA, NORISC, RESCUE 

13. Sustainable buildings and CRISP, HQE2R, PRESCO, SUREURO 


AREA 4.4. Comparative assessment and cost effective implementation of strategies for 

sustainable transport systems in an urban environment 

AREA 4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban planning towards sustainable 

transport 

14. Land use and transport 

(LUTR) 

ASTRAL, ARTISTS, CITY FREIGHT, ECOCITY, FREDERIC, 

ISHTAR, PLUME, PROPOLIS, PROMPT, PROSPECTS, 

SCATTER, SUTRA, TRANSPLUS 

AREA 4.4.2 Comparative assessment and demonstration of novel transport forms and related 

infrastructure 

15. New transport system 

concepts for enhanced and 

sustainable personal urban 

mobility (NETMOBIL) 

CYBERMOVE, CYBERCARS (IST), EDICT, STARDUST,

V. Abstracts of projects 

The projects detailed hereafter are classified per priority area 

4.1 Sustainable city planning and rational resource 

management 


Summary Table 

ACRONYM NUMBER TITLE 

COMMUNAL 

LABELS 

PROJECT WEBSITE 

EVK4-CT-1999-00007 Development of instruments for labelling, 

benchmarking and TQM for (energy-) efficient 

communities 

http://www.communal-labels.de 

DEMOS EVK4-CT-2001-00066 Democratic Participation in Urban Governance 

DISCUS 

ECOPADEV 

EVK4-CT-2001-00065 

www.demosproject.org 

Developing Institutional and Social Capacity for 

Urban Sustainability 

www.iclei.org.europe.discus 

EVK4-CT-2001-00064 Developing new decision-making tools to promote 

the sustainable development in European cities 

based on eco-industrial park strategy 

www.ecopadev.net 

GREENSCOM EVK4-CT-1999-00006 Communicating Urban Growth and Green: 

assessment of planning concepts and policy 

instruments for sustainable development of the 

urban landscape 

www.greenscom.com. 

IANUS EVK4-CT-1999-00011 Indicator system to assess new urban services. 

Improving decision making through evaluation 

INTEGAIRE 

INTERACT 

http://www.project-ianus.org/ 

EVK4-CT-2001-20008 Integrated urban governance and air quality 

management in Europe 

http://www.integaire.org 

EVK4-CT-2001-20005 Integrated urban governance for the City of 

Tomorrow 

www.interact-network.org



LASALA EVK4-CT-1999-00011 Eco-efficient urban management and new models 

of urban governance: the evaluation of LA21 in 

European local authorities through "concerted self 

assessment' 

http://www.iclei.org/europe/lasala/index.html 

LASALA-ONLINE EVK4-CT-2002-80015 Local agenda 21 self-assessment for local 

authorities on-line 

http://www.localevaluation21.org 

NEHOM EVK4-CT-2000-00027 Evaluating housing and neighbourhood initiatives 

to improve quality of life of deprived urban 

neighbourhoods and assessing their transferability 

across Europe 

www.nhh.no/geo/nehom 

PASTILLE EVK4-CT-1999-00004 Promoting action for sustainability through 

indicators at the local level in Europe 

http://www.lse.ac.uk/Depts/geography/Pastille 

PEGASUS EVK4-CT-2002-80003 Planning, Environment, Governance and 

Sustainability 

PLUS 

EVK4-CT-2001-00062 Participation, leadership and urban sustainability 

www.plus-eura.org 

RECOURSE EVK4-CT-2002-80007 Research and Education Centre for Urban Socio- 

Economic Development 

http://recourse.univ.gda.pl 

SUDLAB EVK4-CT-2002-80014 Sustainable urban development laboratory 

SUT- 

GOVERNANCE 

EVK4-CT-1999-00001 Sustainable urban tourism: involving local agents 

and partnerships for new forms of governance 

http://sut.itas.fzk.de/ 

UGIS EVK4-CT-1999-00012 Urban development programme, urban 

governance, social inclusion and urban 

sustainability 

http://www.ufsia.ac.be/ugis 

URBEST EVK4-CT-2001-80002 Urban best practices 

URBS PANDENS 

Transferability of practices, communication, local 

media, debates, citizens participation 

http://www.urbest.tv 

EVK4-CT-2001-00052 Urban Sprawl: European Patterns, Environmental 

Degradation and Sustainable Development 

www.pik-potsdam.de/gerhard/projekt




AGORA EVK4-CT-2002-00103 Cities for People 

AWAST EVK4-CT-2000-00015 

Aid in the management and European 

Comparison of a municipal solid waste treatment 

for a global & sustainable approach 

http://awast.brgm.fr 

BUGS EVK4-CT-2000-00041 Benefits of urban green space 

CAST 

EVK4-CT-2002-00079 

Process and software tools for analysis and 

simulation of development of cities into the future 

http://www.intesys.co.uk/castpublic/index.htm 

CLEANAIR EVK4-CT-2001-30005 Increased quality of life for 76 million EU citizens 

by enhancing air quality in urban areas through 

development of a residential cleaning technology 

for burning solid fuel for domestic use 

ENTRUST 

EVK4-CT-2001-20007 Empowering Neighbourhood Through Recourse of 

Urban Synergies with Trades 

http://www.entrust.soc.new.net/ 

EUROCULT21 EVK4-CT-2002-20012 Urban cultural profiles exchange project 

EUWMC EVK4-CT-2002-80013 European urban waste management cluster 

FUMAPEX EVK4-CT-2002-00097 Integrated Systems for Forecasting Urban 

Meteorology, Air Pollution and Population 

Exposure 

GREENCLUSTER EVK4-CT-2002-80002 Clustering of five ongoing research projects on 

green space in urban areas 

GREENSPACE EVK4-CT-2000-00039 The contribution of urban green-space to quality of 

life 

www.green-space.org 

HOMESERVICES EVK4-CT-2002-00100 Benchmarking Sustainable Services for the 

Housing Sector in the City of Tomorrow 

INDICATORS FOR 

SOCIAL URBAN 

SUSTAINABILITY 

EVK4-CT-2000-35001 Formal Indicators of Social Urban sustainability 

INERWASTE EVK4-CT-2002-30010 Development of a new wastes inerting technique 

for landfilling or valorisation 

LCA-IWM EVK4-CT-2002-00087 The Use of Life Cycle Assessment Tools for the 

Development of Integrated Waste Management 

Strategies for Cities and Regions with Rapid 

Growing Economies



LUDA EVK4-CT-2002-00081 Improving the Quality of Life in Large Urban 

Distressed Areas 

MICRODRAINAGE EVK4-CT-2002-30012 Development of a cost-effective solution for the 

safe and definitive remediation of the European 

landfills which present the danger for the leachate 

to pollute the waterbed 

NOZONE EVK4-CT-2002-30009 An intelligent responsive pollution and odour 

abatement technology for cooking emission 

extraction systems 

ORMA EVK4-CT-2000-30003 Optimisation of resource use and waste 

management in an Eco Industrial Park 

OSCAR EVK4-CT-2002-00083 Optimised Expert System for Conducting 

Environmental Assessment of Urban Road Traffic 

www.eu-oscar.org 

PAYT EVK4-CT-2000-00021 Variable rate pricing based on pay-as-you-throw 

as a tool of urban waste management 

http://payt.net 

PETUS EVK4-CT-2002-00101 Practical Evaluation Tools for Urban Sustainability 

PUB+ EVK4-CT-2002-80009 Accessibility to the public utility buildings for urban 

citizens with mobility impairments. The socioeconomic 

comparative studies. 

RELIEF 

RESTATE 

EVK4-CT-2000-00035 

Environmental relief potential of urban action on 

avoidance and detoxification of waste streams 

through green public procurement 

http://www.iclei.org/ecoprocura/relief/ 

EVK4-CT-2002-00085 Restructuring Large-scale Housing Estates in 

European Cities: Good Practices and New Visions 

for Sustainable Neighbourhoods and Cities 

http://www.restate.geog.uu.nl 

RE URBAN MOBIL EVK4-CT-2002-00086 Mobilising RE-urbanisation on condition of 

demographic change 

www.re-urban.com 

RUROS EVK4-CT-2000-00032 Rediscovering the urban realm and green spaces 

SAPPHIRE EVK4-CT-2002-00089 Source Apportionment of Airborne Particulate 

Matter and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in 

Urban Regions of Europe 

SELMA EVK4-CT-2002-00102 Spatial Deconcentration of Economic Land Use 

and Quality of Life in European Metropolitan Areas 

SPECTRA- 

PERSEUS 

EVK4-CT-2002-80006 Permanent Research in spatial development in the 

context of EU enlargement and information society 

advancement



SURE EVK4-CT-2002-00094 A Time-Oriented model for Sustainable Urban 

Regeneration 

S.W.A TOOL EVK4-CT-2000-00030 Development of a methodological tool to enhance 

the precision and comparability of solid waste 

analysis data 

http://swa-tool.net 

TOOLSUST EVK4-CT-2000-00036 The involvement of stakeholders to develop and 

implement tools for sustainable households in the 

city of tomorrow 

URBAN AEROSOL 

URBAN 

EXPOSURE 

http://www.toolsust.org 

EVK4-CT-2000-00018 Characterisation of urban air quality 

indoor/outdoor particulate matter chemical 

characteristics and source-to-inhaled dose 

relationships 

http://www.nilu.no/projects/urban-aerosol/ 

EVK4-CT-2002-00090 Integrated Exposure Management Tool 

Characterizing Air pollution-relevant Human 

Exposure in Urban Environment 

http://www.nilu.no/pip/ 

URBEM EVK4-CT-2002-00082 Urban River Basin Enhancement Methods 

http://www.urbem.net/ 

URBSOIL EVK4-CT-2001-00053 Urban soils as a source and sink for pollution 

http://urbsoil.paisley.ac.uk/ 

URGE EVK4-CT-2000-00022 Development of urban green spaces to improve 

the quality of life in cities and urban regions 

WATERTIME EVK4-CT-2002-00095 improving the quality of urban life through 

sustainable decision-making on city water system 

reform





COMET 

EVK4-CT-2001-00050 Competitive Metropolises - Economic 

Transformation, Labour Market and Competition in 

European Agglomerations 

www.oeaw.ac.at/isr/comet 

MASURIN EVK4-CT-2001-00054 Management of Sustainable Revitalising Urban 

Industrial Sites 

www.masurin.net 

OPTIAS EVK4-CT-2002-30007 Development of a Management Concept for 

Optimising the Location Strategy (Optias) in Urban 

and Suburban Commercial Properties 

http://www.optias.info/ 

SUPER 

EVK4-CT-2002-80012 Sustainable urban planning and economic 

(re)development 

www.mep.tno.nl/SUPER 

URBAN 

EVK4-CT-2000-00019 Strategies for temporary uses- potential for 

CATALYSTS 

development of urban residual areas in European 

metropolises

4.1 Sustainable city planning and 

rational resource management


4.1.1 Improving urban governance and rational resource management 

COMMUNAL LABELS (Development of instruments for Labelling, Benchmarking and 

TQM for (Energy-) efficient communities) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-1999-00007 Start Date: 01-01-2000 

Contract Type: Cost-sharing contracts End Date: 31-12- 2001 

Project URL: http://www.communal-labels.de Duration: 24 months 

Problems to be solved 

The liberalisation of energy markets, the introduction of eco-taxes in various EU Member States and the 

urgency for comprehensive administrative reform presents communities with enormous challenges and 

opportunities to develop innovative and sustainable long-term energy policies. Thinking globally but acting 

locally by improving the energy efficiency of communities is a decisive criteria for reducing environmental 

pressure, whilst at the same time improving local economic performance. However, although many 

communities have already endeavoured to achieve higher energy efficiency, they often lack the suitable 

instruments and indicators for the comparable assessment of measures and the establishment of 

continuously improved energy policy. Small communities under 10,000 inhabitants, on the basis of their 

special situation (lack of know-how and lack of financial and personnel resources), need a special set of 

instruments. This project seeks to overcome these problems through assessing the barriers and 

instrument deficits to introducing innovative energy instruments in communities. 

Scientific objectives and approach 

Several regions within Germany, Austria and Switzerland have already come up with different 

approaches for improving energy efficiency in communities and in developing energy concepts. This 

project's aim is the introduction of new energy-related structures in public administration as well as new 

participatory models in energy policy, communal processes and administrative behaviour integrated in a 

quality management system for energy-related tasks and processes in communities. This will lead to the 

development of a differentiated certification system that allows communities the opportunity for selfassessment 

and benchmarking. A pilot test phase of the certification system in twelve communities in four 

countries will show the potential of improvement and advance the implementation of energy-efficient 

measures. Polish communities will provide a test-bed for the methodology in Central and Eastern Europe. 

For smaller communities, special instruments will be established for their specific needs. The gathered 

experiences will lead to the instrument "tool-kit" for the implementation of energy efficiency measures on 

a communal level, exemplary participatory processes for the inclusion of citizen and interest groups 

tested, and special measures for small communities with under 10,000 inhabitants delivered. Finally, the 

current status of research and practice EU-wide will be evaluated and advanced. Experiences will be 

exchanged and a transfer of know-how will take place during a series of workshops. The most manifest 

sign of sustainable local energy policies is the development of an EU-wide labelling and certification 

system documenting exemplary energy efficiency in communities. The label will in turn contribute to the 

economy and employment in these energy efficient communities. 

Expected impacts 

The project will lead to the creation of instruments that potentially can be used across the EU, as well as 

to countries of Central and Eastern Europe, to judge the energy efficiency of towns and communities and 

establish a quality management system for continuous energy work. These instruments build on the 

experience already existing within the countries examined in terms of local or communal energy concepts 

and develop an optimisation and evaluation system operating against the backdrop of changing energy 

policy conditions.


Coordinator 

Dinges, Katja Tel: +49303904292 

B & S.U Beratungs- und Service- Fax: +49303904247 

Gesellschaft Umwelt Mbh E-mail: kdinges@bsu-berlin.de 

Hohenzollerndamm 44 

10714 Berlin 

Germany 

Participants 

Energieinstitut Vorarlberg Stadtstrasse 33 /Ccd 6850 Dornbirn Austria Contact Person: Kaspar, Karl-Heinz 

Brandes Energie, Oetenbachgasse 1, 8001 Zürich Switzerland Contact Person: Brandes, Cornelia 

Kesco Energy Sp. Z.O.O. Ul. Florianska 55, 31 019 Krakow Poland Contact Person: Schwind, Stefan


DEMOS (Democratic Participation in Urban Governance) 


Contract Type: Research End Date: 30-06-2004 

Project URL: http://www.demosproject.org Duration: 29 months 


Demos is responding to concerns about citizen apathy and mistrust of government, but also to many 

positive opportunities which exist to revitalise local democracy. Many cities across Europe recognise the 

need for innovative mechanisms for devolved, participatorylocal governance to achieve more effective 

local democracy, higher turn-out rates at elections and, more generally, social inclusion and sustainable 

development. Past experience of devolved approaches to local governance (area management) and 

enhancement of citizen participation in local decision-making, however, shows there are no ready, easilyapplied 

models which can engender productive local participation in governance in municipalities. Rather 

the record in many cities has been one of initial enthusiasm for devolved governance followed by failure 

to achieve practical, sustainable outcomes. These recurring failures of participation have resulted in 

disinterest and even cynicism about governance on the part of citizens, and a discrediting of the concept 

of devolved participation amongst politicians and officers in local governments. 

The proposed project is not only in synergy with key EU policies but actively contributes to them because 

of local authorities’ role as the principalvehicle for delivery of national and European social policies to 

citizens: 

• initiatives relating to urban issues, governance, sustainability and social inclusion, such as 

Sustainable Urban Development in the EU, European Governance – a White Paper, Social Policy 

Agenda, the Social Action Programme 1998-2000, 

• actions related to facilitating wide-spread access to the new knowledge based economy, the 

European Employment Strategies and the very recent National Social Action Plans, Anti- 

Discrimination package 2000 and proposed 6 th Environmental Action Programme. 


The overall objective of Demos is to foster understanding of effective options for enhanced citizen 

participation in urban governance by comparison, across European political cultures, of a range of 

practical initiatives. With few exceptions, the contribution of research has not yet assisted local 

municipalities in breaking the cycle of failed initiatives described above. In part this is because research 

has tended to be carried out on a disinterested or neutral observer model, critically commenting on failed 

initiatives at a time when it is too late to constructively influence those initiatives, and in a situation in 

which local political culture and past experience of participation has a substantive influence on outcomes. 

Demos will take an action research approach to provide not only continual assessment of pilot actions 

tested in the partner cities but also constructive feedback and training through a learning network of 

stakeholders. The pilot actions will be preceded by an audit of existing good practice and the 

development of a research framework, and followed by evaluation and benchmarking. Dissemination of 

the replicable learning resulting from the project will be designed to contribute to the development of 

European policy and practice. 


The concrete deliverables of Demos will include a database and published Report of Good Practice in 

Citizen Participation in Local Government on the project website. Reports detailing the conceptual 

framework, an assessment framework of indicators of achievement in citizen participation in municipal 

governance, and guidelines for pursuing innovations in local governance.


Coordinator 

Ms Sara Thiam Tel: +441314693835 

Demos Project Management Office Fax: +441314693933 

City of Edinburgh Council E-mail: sara.thiam@edinburgh.gov.uk 

Corporate Services Department 

12 St Giles Street 

Edinburgh EH1 1PT 

Scotland 

United Kingdom 

Participants 

City Partners 

City of Utrecht Council, Betrokken Stad, PO Box 16200, Vinkenburgstraat 26, Utrecht 3500 CE, Netherlands, Contact person: Dr 

Annemarie Reintjes 

Aberdeen City Council, Committee Services, Town House, Broad Street, Aberdeen AB10 1AQ Scotland United Kingdom, Contact 

person: Hazel Spalding 

City of Turku Council, Central Bureau, PO Box 355, Kristiinakatu 1, Turku 20100, Finland, Contact person: Heini Parkkunen 

ENA Chios SA, Kampos, 82100, Greece, Contact person: Dr Ilias Smyrnioudis 

Krakow City Council, President’s Office, European Integration Experts, Plac Wszystkich Swietych 3 /4, Krakow 21004 

Antwerpen City Council, Informatieambtenaar Stad, Kipdorp 48, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium, 

Contact person: Paul Van Steenvoort 

Stadt Solingen, Rathaus, Cronenberger Street 59-61 Solingen 42651, Germany, Contact person: Anke Svensson (associate 

partner) 

Academic Partners 

School of the Built Environment, Heriot Watt University, 13 Dean Terrace, Edinburgh, EH4 1ND, Scotland, United Kingdom, Contact 

person: Prof. Michael Carley 

Stichting Verwey-Jonker Instituut, Kromme Nieuwegravht 6, Utrecht 3512HG, Netherlands, Contact person: Dr Hugo Swinnen 

University of Turku, Hameenkatu 6, 20014 Turun yliopisto Turku, Finland, Contact person: Prof. Hannu Ruonavaara 

University of the Aegean, Department of Business Administration Interdepartamental Programme of PG Studies (TPM&G), 54 M 

Livanou Street, Chios 82100, Greece, Contact person: Prof. Paris Tsartas 

Katholieke Hogeschool Mechelen, MEMORI, Campus Vijfhoek, O.L. –Vrouwestraat 94, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium, Contact person: 

Eric Goubin 

Associate Partners 

Eurocities, 18 Square de Meeus, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Contact person: Jordi Gomez Jimenez 

Convention of Scottish Local Authorities, Rosebery House, 9 Haymarket Terrace, Edinburgh EH12 5XZ, Scotland United Kingdom 

Deutscher Städtetag, Lindenallee 13-17, Koln 50968, Germany, Contact person: Markus Krajewski


DISCUS (Developing Institutional and Social Capacity for Urban Sustainability) 



Project URL: http://www.iclei.org.europe.discus Duration: 36 months 


The project is set up to research the following three key research questions: 

1. What are the factors and conditions within urban local government that enable the development of 

organisational capacity for addressing the requirements of sustainable development, and through 

what mechanisms/policy processes are these employed? 

2. How are participatory measures for involving stakeholders in decision-making processes influencing 

the development of social capital within all sectors of civil society? 

3. What processes are occurring between local government and civil society to enable greater 

understanding of the roles that each has to play in achieving sustainable urban development, and 

what are the conditions which permit improved communication networks and a framework for capacity 

building? 

Improving institutional capacity and social capital at the local level should provide more effective and 

participatory conditions for urban decision-making for sustainable development. Effective approaches to 

sustainable city planning are expected to contribute to an improvement in the quality of life of urban 

communities across Europe, and thus also increasing competitiveness of municipalities of varying sizes, 

and a range of political, cultural and socio-economic backgrounds. 

By focusing on and investigating the factors and conditions that are conductive to the development of 

innovative and sustainable forms of urban systems and by providing valuable information in relation to the 

prerequisites for the successful implementation of urban sustainable development initiatives, the project 

clearly contributes to those EU policies outlined in a range of policy documents (e.g. Towards an urban 

agenda in the European Union and Sustainable Urban Development in the European Union: A framework 

for Action) and concerned with promoting urban sustainable development. 


The objectives of the project are to examine the factors and conditions that permit good governance for 

urban sustainable development in European towns and cities, with an emphasis on identifying and 

understanding the relationship between institutional development/capacity-building in local government, 

and social capital formation/capacity-building in civil society. 

A consortium composed of six research institutes, training agencies, local government organisations and 

NGO from across Europe, expert in academic research, policy and practice in urban governance and 

local sustainability, will conduct an extensive evaluation of the processes of institutional learning an local 

government, and of the relationship between civil society and local government in the sphere of urban 

sustainable development. 

This will be achieved through a 36-month programme to include a review of capacity building and a 

detailed methodological framework, providing the structure for an in-depth evaluation of 40 case study 

local authorities. Fieldwork taking place in the selected local authorities will encompass document 

analysis, in-depth interviews with key actors (local government and other stakeholders), and 

questionnaires of a broad cross-selection of local government officers. 

This project will advance the state-of-the-art by looking at the ways in which local government and civil 

society interact and by analysing the implications of these interactions for sustainable urban development. 

In addition, it can be argued that while individual aspects of what may constitute good practice of local 

sustainability have been already analysed in a number of research projects, it still remains to be identified


what enables such good practice to emerge. Consequently, the formulation of comprehensive policy 

recommendations on this issue is a challenge that will be confronted within the frame of this project. 


The project will provide a unique resource that will permit individual and comparative evaluation of 

conceptual knowledge and the development of policy guidelines for effective urban governance for 

sustainable development. The results will be made available for exploitation – in particular by the local 

authorities participating in the European Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign, the European 

Commission, national governments and local authorities – through the publication of a Project Evaluation 

Report, Guidelines for European Sustainability Awards, and Policy Guidance for Effective Governance for 

Sustainability. The publication of these via the Project Website will permit wide dissemination to local 

authorities, agencies, and citizens across Europe and worldwide. 

Coordinator 

Stefan Kuhn, Gino van Begin Tel: +49761368920 

ICLEI European Secretariat Gmbh Fax: +497613689219 

Eschholzstrasse 86 E-mail:stefan.kuhn@iclei-europe.org Freiburg 

79115 http://www.iclei.org/europe/discus 

Germany 

Participants 

Sustainable Cities Research Institute, Organisation: Northumbria University, Ellison Building, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST Newcastle 

Upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Evans, Bob 

Abo Akademi University, Institute for Comparative Nordic Politics and Administration, Biskopsgatan 15, 20500 Abo (Turku), Finland: 

Contact person: Prof. Stahlberg Krister 

World Wildlife Fund European Policy Programme, Local Sustainability Unit/Wwf-Uk, Weyside Park GU7 1XR Godalming United 

Kingdom, Contact person: Long Anthony Roger 

Faculdade de Ciencias de Technologia da Universidade Nove de Lisboa, Departamento de Ciencias e Engenharia Do Ambiente, 

Quinta da Torre 2825 Monte Caparica, Portugal, Contact person: Professor Doctor Guimaraes Leopoldo 

Focus Lab Srl, Via Mameli 41/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Contact Person: Sancassiani, Walter


ECOPADEV (Developing new decision-making tools to promote the sustainable 

development in European cities based on eco-industrial park strategy) 


Contract Type: Combined RTD/DEMO End Date: 31-06-2004 

Project URL: http://www.ecopadev.net Duration: 30 months 


ECOPADEV will research and develop decision-making tools for local authorities to improve town 

planning and local living conditions.. The strategy of Eco-industrial park development require the 

participation of industry, citizens and local authorities showing the real needs of the industry and citizens, 

and perspectives of local authorities for town planning 


The main objective of the ECOPADEV project is the development of decision-making tools and 

methodologies for local authorities for promoting the sustainable city management in basis of Ecoindustrial 

Parks development. In order to achieve this objective the following scientific objectives will be 

performed: Definition of harmonised guidelines to gather key data, Procedures to solve "conflict if 

interest", Indicators, Creation of extra-net communication systems, Definitions of management structure 

and Validation of designed decision-making tools in three European cities. 

The project presents a problem solving approach, based on Eco-industrial park development. The 

strategy of Eco-industrial park development will permit to achieve global objectives, which would be more 

difficult by individual companies. Local authorities will join the city common interest with industrial park 

development in order to promote sustainable development. The industrial areas, which have high 

influence in social, economical and environmental aspects in the cities, will be one of the starting points 

for future social, economical and environmental challenges within the Framework of Local Authorities. 


The positive interactions between administration and industry will promote several positive outputs to be 

used in town planning and sustainable development promotion by local authorities, other public 

organisations, industrial parks managers, industries and policy makers. Some expected benefits are also 

related to the Ecopark strategy applied: industrial symbiosis. 

Coordinator 

Ms Angeles Ibarrondo Tel: +34944039500 

Parque Tecnologico, SA, Fax: +34944039510 

Ed 101 E-mail: mibarrondo@parque-tecnologico.net 

48170 Zamudio www.ecopadev.net 

Spain 

Participants 

Town Council of Zamudio, Sabino Arana Plaza 1, 48170 Zamudio, Spain 

Tampere Technology Centre Ltd., Hermiankatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland 

City of Tampere, PL 487 Aleksis Kiven katu 14-16 C, 33101 Tampere, Finland 

Madan Parque, Parque de Ciencia e Tecnologia Almada/Setubal, Campus FCT/UNL, Quinta de Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal 

Câmara Municipal de Almada, Casa Municipal do Ambiente, Rua Bernardo Francisco de Costa, 42; 2800029 Almada, Portugal 

GAIKER Technology Transfer Centre, Parque Tecnologico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Spain


Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN); P.B.1. Westerduinweg 3, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands 

Uninova, Instituto de Desenvolvimento de Novas Tecnologias, Campus de FCT: UNL Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Monte da 

Caparica, Portugal 

Fundacion Robotiker, Parque Tecnologico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Spain 

Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, P.O. B. 1738, , 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands 

The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH),, Valhallavaegen 79, 10044 StockholmSweden


GREENSCOM (Communicating Urban Growth and Green: Assessment of Planning 

Concepts and Policy Instruments for Sustainable Development of the Urban Landscape) 


Contract Type: Cost-sharing contracts End Date: 30-06-2003 

Project URL: http://www.greenscom.com Duration: 39 months 


Urban planners and decision-makers in many cities in Europe are facing the challenge of finding a good 

balance between urban open spaces and built up areas. Since this is a complex challenge that requires 

the involvement of various stakeholders and interests, the governance- and decision-making aspects are 

of major importance. Problems of urban open spaces are related to urban growth. If growth takes the 

form of expansion in the urban fringe, there is increased pressure of sub-urbanisation, urban sprawl and 

traffic on surrounding greenbelts. If there is growth in the existing city, there is the pressure of intensive 

use, building activities, fragmentation by roads, pollution and noise imposed on green areas and other 

open spaces in existing cities. In some of these open spaces, the so-called 'brownfields', pollution 

inherited from past industrial uses may pose difficulties to conversion for either housing or green 

functions. As a result there is increased pressure on the 'greenfields' in the urban fringe. In many cases, 

green areas become small and scattered, polluted and disturbed. Traditionally, urban growth and green 

are seen as competitive or even mutually exclusive. Yet cities have sometimes found ways to turn 'green 

fingers' or 'greenways' into the backbones of urban development. Policies and projects have been 

launched aiming at both sustainable economic and ecological development. The GREENSCOM project 

focuses on learning from success and failure of local government experiences in this context. 


Abundant technical knowledge is available on greenstructures and urban open spaces, but the 'processknowledge' 

of communication strategies, planning concepts and policy instruments often remains 

underexplored. Learning about these strategies and instruments is the central research objective of 

GREENSCOM. The project consists of a series of working packages that each have a clearly 

circumscribed output. The outcome of the project as a whole is a toolkit. The toolkit consists of 

communication strategies and policy instruments recommended under specified conditions. The tools are 

neither 'blueprints'-nor recipes, but methods and approaches that can stimulate a deliberate process of 

learning by doing at the local level. The tools will be useful to those involved in governing urban growth 

and green at both the strategic and operational levels. 

The research approach lead to a project in three phases. First, relevant questions and hypotheses 

regarding communication and policy instruments were formulated in interaction with the cities involved. 

Then, a framework was developed that allowed for comparative study of the cases. In the second phase, 

this framework was used for case studies in five European countries. The third phase is an assessment of 

the cases and leads to the toolkit. In all phases researchers closely work together with urban 

practitioners. The assessment of the fourteen case studies in Gothenburg, Helsinki, Tampere, Aarhus, 

Houten, Utrecht and Cergy Pontoise started in the summer of 2002. The toolkit development processes 

will be achieved in the summer of 2003. 

First results and questions tackled 

Greenscom research shows how modern governance and a communicative approach can enhance the 

performance of municipal organisations, contribute to the improvement of green space (ecological quality, 

user quality, identity) and reduce conflicts over land use. The Uggledal case in Gothenburg, for example, 

shows how the involvement of current inhabitants helped to save recreational green areas for the future 

generations and prevented time-consuming appeal procedures. 

Recent political developments in NW Europe and frustrated voters force us to critically review the 

relationship between decision-makers and citizens. Which changes are feasible and desirable to enhance 

representation of the interests of the various social groups in planning processes for the integration of 

green space in urban development ? 

Urban pressure on green space also necessitates the identification of approaches that reinforce the role 

of public green in urban development planning.


New instruments, new capacities 

It is especially the 'tools in transition' that deserve attention. At the same time, however, the roles, 

capacities and attitudes of the planners are also of prime importance in attempts to combine expert 

knowledge with the knowledge of citizens and users and to establish contacts between citizens and users 

and the decision-makers. The self-management case study in Utrecht shows that the management of 

public green by residents enhances the quality of the green space and contributes to well-being and 

social cohesion. 

A new procedure has been developed by the Helsinki local authorities. It is based on an inventory of the 

green amenities in a district, and both densification and the development of the green areas are planned 

simultaneously. 

When top-down? When bottom-up? 

When to aim for top-down approaches and when for bottom-up? Communication is a time-consuming and 

therefore costly process. At the same time, data on the economic benefits of improved social relations 

and integrated plan quality are scarce. The objective should not be as much communication as possible, 

but adequate and effective communication. At the strategic level in particular, instruments that give 

citizens more access to the decision-making process are rare. Do citizens have a say in the strategic 

decisions that cities make in the context of the international competition between cities? The Cergy 

Pontoise cases demonstrate the importance of both centralised (timely provision of public transport for 

new districts) and local initiatives and show the French alternative to a district-oriented approach. 

The Aarhus case in Denmark shows how a planner mobilised public support for reopening the river, by 

making a hole in the street through which: Hole in the street, Aarhus> 

What can municipal authorities do to improve their communication? 

How can municipal organisations adapt more adequately to a strengthened role of citizens and users in 

balancing urban growth with green space? To guarantee public interest and stimulate citizens to take 

initiatives and assume responsibility in a new social context, some legal conditions are essential and 

adequate plans and financial procedures are indispensable. 

How can municipal organisations assess the quality of their communication with the public ? Among the 

criteria that should be applied to evaluate the communication with citizens are shared learning and mutual 

trust. Communication maps can also help to inventory communicative relations and identify missing 

stakeholders. 

The Greenscom project has studied fourteen cases in a context of densification, development at the 

urban fringe and maintenance and management of existing green space. In the course of 2003, articles 

will be published, a conference organised and the toolkit for urban practitioners, based on the findings of 

the Greenscom project, will be launched. 

Coordinator 

Carmen Aalbers Tel: +31317478713 

Alterra Green World Research Fax: +31317419000 

Dept. of Ecology & Society E-mail: c.b.e.m.aalbers@alterra.wag-ur.nl 

Droevendaalsesteeg 3 A 

6700 AA Wageningen 

The Netherlands 

Participants 

Alterra Green World Research, Department of Ecology and Society, team urban-rural interactions, Droevendaalsesteeg 3A, 6700 

AA Wageningen, The Netherlands, Contact person Carmen Aalbers 

Danish Building and Urban Research, Dr. Neergaards Vej 15, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark Contact Person: Karen Attwell, 

Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O.Box 1300, Fin 020215 HUT, Finland Contact: Mr. 

Kimmo Lapintie


School of Architecture, Chalmers University of Technology, Ab Sven Hultins Gata 6, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Contact Person: 

Bjorn Malbert 

FORS Recherche Social, rue des Petites Ecuries, 75010 Paris, France, Contact Person: Vanoni, Didier


IANUS (Indicators system to Assess New Urban Services. Improving decision making 

through evaluation) 



Project URL: http://www.project-ianus.org/ Duration: 35 months 


Indicators System to Assess New Urban Services (IANUS): A major activity of public administrations is 

devoted to create facilities and supply services in order to provide a response to growing social demand 

for quality of life and to improve the competitiveness of cities. Despite the vast number of experiences 

performed there is a lack of objective knowledge about the results of building facilities and implementing 

new services, throughout the countries of the EU, and affecting particularly local administrations. As a 

result of that, there is an uncertainty on the achievement of objectives both in facilities in operation and 

when planning new facilities. In order to cover that shortcoming, the IANUS project provides urban 

managers with a tool to assess the overall satisfaction of public facilities in economic, functional, social 

and environmental terms. That tool helps to plan correction actions on current facilities, and to get a more 

accurate definition of new ones. 

The project provides the following value added to European Union policies: It helps to improve urban 

quality of life, as it includes the criteria of citizen and user satisfaction as a key indicator to evaluate public 

facilities. It improves competitiveness of the cities, helping them to provide citizens with more attractive 

facilities and services. It promotes a model of public investment that takes into account sustainability. It 

contributes to harmonise evaluation criteria among different administrations. It allows the establishment of 

systems for comparing the facilities of different countries using unified indicators. It allows, through 

comparison, the prediction of new demands manifested in other parts of Europe. 


The usual process of investment in public constructions takes into account only two steps: drawing up the 

project and carrying out the construction. The project proposes a new approach in which investment is 

considered as a global investment cycle, whose different stages include previous experiences in order to 

improve on them. That global investment cycle involves a promotion phase, a programming phase, 

drawing up the project, carrying out the works, an operational phase and the deconstruction. 

Interrelations between different stages and feedback from them allow to gather experience, and so to 

improve management. Within this approach, the project provides a tool for evaluating experiences at the 

operational stage of facilities, that allows covering shortcomings through next items: It provides a global 

method for the evaluation of facilities in functional, economical, user satisfaction and environmental 

terms. It provides objective data facilitating the decision-taking process on new public investments, and 

so helping to improve urban government. It provides a multidisciplinary point of view based on criteria 

supplied by public managers, technicians, citizens and service users. It provides a base of comparable 

items, which can serve as a point of reference for evaluation. It provides a tool for the global analysis of 

facilities already in operation, allowing planning correction actions. 


Prospects of the project include huge dissemination and exploitation plans to spread its use by public 

investors throughout the EU. Consequences expected from this are: a better quality of life of citizens, by 

building new equipment more accurately designed to fulfil their needs; better environmental criteria when 

building public constructions, getting a lower environmental impact, and more efficient and saving energy 

buildings; integration of social collectives with special needs by implementing criteria of design for all 

(elderly, children, disabled persons) through a friendly architecture; contribution to policies to fight the 

degradation of urban centres, regeneration of less favoured-areas and combating social exclusion by a 

better assessment of the actions required. This means that IANUS project will help to promote 

sustainable development, to make cities more competitive and to offer better services to its citizens.


Coordinator 

Albert Ruiz de Villa Tel: + 34934022122 

Diputacio de Barcelona Fax: + 34934022299 

Oficina Tecnica De Cooperacio E-mail: ruizja@diba.es 

Rambla de Catalunya 126 

8008 Barcelona 

Spain 

Participants 

Institut de Programmation en Architecture et Aménagement Rue Du Cherche-Midi 55 75006 Paris France Contact Person: 

Dessuant, Yves 

Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik Stasse des 17 Juni 112 10623 Berlin Germany Contact Person: Mäding, Heinrich 

Osservatorio Sicilia Organisation: Istituto di Ricerche Ambiente Italia Srl Via Regina Margherita 24 90138 Palermo Italy Contact 

Person: Bianchi, Duccio 

Faculty of the Built Environment Organisation: University of the West of England, Bristol Coldharbour Lane – Frenchay BS16 1QY 

Bristol United Kingdom Wookey, Philip 

Dipartimento Processi e Metodi Della Produzione Edilizia Facultà di Architettura University of Florence Via San Niccolo 89a 50125 

Firenze Italy del Nord, Romano 

Assessorato ai Lavorio Publico - Ufficio Tecnico Organisation: Provincia Regionale de Caltanissetta Viale Regina Margherita 28 

93100 Caltanissetta Italy Collura, Filippo 

Sistemes D’informació Organisation: Gestió Organització Comunicació S.A. Josep Irla I Bosch 5/7 8034 Barcelona Spain Contact 

Person: Andres, Josep 

Fundació Privada Institut Ildefons Cerdà Numancia 185 8034 Barcelona Spain Contact Person: Cabrera Massanes, Carles 

Polyprogramme S.A.R.L. Rue Haxo 69 75020 Paris France Contact Person: Mauduit, Philippe.


INTEGAIRE (Integrated urban governance and air quality management in Europe) 


Contract Type: Thematic Network End Date: 28-02-2005 

Project URL: http://www.integaire.org Duration: 36 months 


INTEGAIRE aims to explore solutions to key challenges for urban governance and air quality 

management throughout Europe. The principal objectives are: 

The first focuses on urban governance and concerns the development of the existing weak and poorly 

specified interface between, on the one hand, air quality assessment, management and monitoring tools 

developed in relation to the urban environment, and on the other hand, tools for sustainable urban 

governance at the urban level. The aim is to encourage the development of a strongly integrated model 

and appropriate tools linking air quality science and technology to the needs of end users at the urban 

level, and thereby optimise local decision-making; 

The second horizontal objective concerns the development of a coherent and comprehensive framework 

of network activities that facilitates the identification of RTD gaps and future RTD priorities in the field of 

urban air quality management and urban governance. These initiatives will assist the development, and 

provide a sound basis for, the new research agenda, that will be pursued via the 6th Framework 

Programme and the European Research Area. 


INTEGAIRE aims to contribute to: 

• Improving the implementation at urban level of current Air Quality legislation through the development 

of recommendations and exchange of experience on air quality management, air quality assessment, 

integration of national and local practice and public information. 

• Information exchange on approaches and successes on the development and/or implementation of 

local action. This activity focuses on the results of European & national research and its usefulness 

in the local context and on sharing this information with ongoing work on European policy 

developments, feeding into the European “Clean Air For Europe” (CAFE) initiative. 

• Integration between local and European levels in development of EU Air Quality policy (CAFE) 

• Interactions with existing RTD activities on Air Quality (SATURN, relevant FP5 projects including 

ISHTAR, URBAN-AEROSOL and BUGS, and relevant national/ local projects/programmes) to 

promote the use of research results and new tools in Air Quality management and to identify gaps in 

available information, highlighting research priorities 


1. Provision of an international forum for urban air quality officials and other urban air quality specialists; 

2. Identification of effective urban strategies; 

3. Identification of institutional barriers and solutions to integrate urban Air Quality management into 

other fields of competence including transport, spatial planning and regional competencies; 

4. Identification of implementation problems in current legislation and solutions; 

5. Stimulation of urban Air Quality management by encouraging interaction amongst responsible local 

officials; 

6. Increased effectiveness of urban Air Quality management: insights into the “pros and cons” of 

different approaches; 

7. Better implementation at the urban level of current Air Quality legislation; 

8. Inputs from the urban level to planned revisions of Air Quality legislation; 

9. More effective communication with citizens 

10. Stimulation of a coherence between public information/involvement approaches across Europe 

11. Provision of a toolbox of strategies/approaches/measures for Air Quality officers


12. Provision of a forum of local expertise to assist developers of European level strategies and 

measures 

13. Better insights into the feasibility of local measures to improve urban Air Quality 

14. Inputs to the development of urban Air Quality improvement scenarios in CAFE 

15. Broad forum for providing feedback to ideas developed in CAFE 

Coordinator 

Eva Baños de Guisasola Tel: +32 2 5520865 

Policy Officer-Environment Committee Fax: +32 2 5520889 

Eurocities. E-mail: e.banos@eurocities.be 

18 Square de Meeûs 

Brussels, 1200 

Belgium 

Participants 

Access 

Athens 

Birmingham 

Bristol 

Düsseldorf 

Gothenburg 

Leipzig 

Malmö 

Seville 

UBC 

Utrecht 

Venice


INTERACT (Integrated Urban Governance for the City Of Tomorrow) 



Project URL: http://www.interact-network.org Duration: 36 months 


INTERACT aims to respond to the implementation of urban comprehensive strategic plans, which seek to 

include such varied and complex objectives as economic growth, social integration, quality of life, health, 

safety and respect for the environment. It aims to improve the implementation of multisectoral and 

partnership policies such local Agenda 21, the European social policy (through new structural funds), the 

European employment policy, etc. At its level it also contributes to help cities from the accession 

countries to have access to the know-how generated by the partner cities and the project as a whole in 

these fields. 


The success of the implementation of multisectoral policies strongly depends on the improvement of 

urban integrated governance, i. e. on the development of mechanisms for understanding, mechanisms for 

acting and mechanisms for co-ordinating. INTERACT is going on the assumption that most of major 

urban governance problems are not directly linked to one particular policy but rather to the overall 

governance system. That is why, through a networking synergy around sustainable development 

strategies, INTERACT aims to produce a new urban integrated management methodology (Guide to 

Integrated urban governance and training service), really adapted to city constraints and to the need of 

co-operation with other partners. 

The INTERACT work plan is organised around local pools (cities officers, NGO's, Local universities 

teams) and a European network (13 Cities co-ordinators, cities officers, Eurocities, scientific committee, 

training team), that are connected in the methodology through a range of meetings on a rotation principle, 

a dissemination process and seminars. Meeting agendas will be structured by cities’ case studies, best 

practices and debates on new mechanisms to improve urban integrated governance, which could be 

transferred to every European cities. 


INTERACT will allow a share of knowledge and best practices in the field of the implementation of 

comprehensive strategic plans, through a wide dissemination of newsletters in all Eurocities network, and 

through the web site www.interact-network.org 

where all INTERACT results will be available. Furthermore, INTERACT results will lead to the concrete 

improvement of urban integrated governance. During the 3 years period the network will produce two 

guides to urban integrated governance (a first guide and a final up-dated one) presenting the 

mechanisms for understanding, for acting and for co-ordinating, which have come up while analysing 

cities case studies. These case studies will be gathered in two cities case studies reports (WP1/WP2). 

Two seminars (WP1/WP2) will present the first urban integrated governance methodology and then the 

up-dated and final one, to all wishing European cities in Eurocities network. The second seminar will also 

introduce the training course (WP3), putting officers teams in situation of co-operation/competition, to help 

multisectoral projects to be successfully implemented in a complex environment. This training course will 

be first given in INTERACT 13 member cities. These cities will have already been involved in an officers 

exchange programme in other INTERACT cities (8 weeks per city) that will produce a synthesis reports 

on the lessons learnt from the officers exchange. After the 3 years period, INTERACT training course will 

be made available for the training departments of every wishing European that needs a modernisation of 

its integrated management.


Coordinator 

Corinne Hooge -Chodkiewicz, (Dr.) Tel: +33/(0)4 78 63 42 46 

Communauté Urbaine de Lyon Fax: +33/(0)4 78 63 48 80 

Grand Lyon / Direction de la Prospective et E-mail: chooge@grandlyon.org 

de la Stratégie d’Agglomération 

20 rue du lac BP 3103 

F – 69399 LYON cedex 03 

France 

City of Antwerp, Kabinet adjunct-stadssecretaris, Grote Markt 1, B - 2000 ANTWERPEN Belgium, Contact person: Kathleen 

Lambrecht 

City of Belfast, Belfast City Council, Development Department, The Cecil Ward Building, 4-10 Linenhall Street, UK - BELFAST BT2 

8BP, United-Kingdom, Contact person: Siobhan WATSON 

City of Birmingham, Birmingham City Council, Policy Development Team, The Council House; Victoria Square, UK - BIRMINGHAM 

B1 1BB United-Kingdom, Contact person: Dave HOWL 

UMC Brno-Novy liskovec, Oblá 75 a, CZ - 63400 BRNO, CZECH REPUBLIC, Brno-Novy liskovec, Contact person: Jan SPONAR 

City of Budapest, International relation, Városház 4.9 – 11, H - 1057 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY, Contact person: Gisela MÁTYÁSI 

City of Genoa, Social affairs department, Via Ilva 3, I - 16128 GENOVA, ItalY, Contact person: Alessandra RISSO (Dr.) 

City of The Hague, Department For Urban Development, PO Box 12655, NL - 2500 DP THE HAGUE Netherlands, Contact person: 

Paul ZOUTENDIJK 

City of Malmö, Malmö City planning office, City planning and real estate, S – 20580 MALMÖ, Sweden, Contact person: Torsten 

LINDH 

City of Munich, Department of Labour and Economic Development and Department of Urban Planning / Strategic Planning, Herzog- 

Heinrich Str.20, D - 80336 MÜNCHEN, Germany, Contact persons: SALLER Raymond (Dr.) and ylvia PINTARITS (Dr.) 

City of Utrecht, Department for Urban Development; Centre Utrecht in Europe, P.O. Box 8406, NL - 3503 RK UTRECHT, 

Netherlands, Contact person: Idelette SCHUURMAN 

City of Venice, Direzione Centrale Sviluppo del Territorio e mobilita - Pianificazione strategica, Santa Fosca, Canna Regio 2396, I - 

30121 VENEZIA, ITALY, Contact person: Roberto Turiddo PUGLIESE 

City of Vienna, Urban Planning and Development / Section Urban Research and European Affairs, Municipal Department 18, Urban 

Planning and Development, Section Urban Research and European Affairs, Rathausstrasse 14-16, A - 1080 VIENNA, AUSTRIA, 

Contact person: Shams ASADI 

Centro per gli Studi Economici, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci,32, I - 20133 MILANO, ITALIE, Contact person: Roberto CAMAGNI 

(Professor, Dr.) 

Ecole nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Laboratoire Techniques Territoires et Sociétés (LAATS), 6 et 8 avenue Blaise Pascal, 

F - 77455 MARNE-LA-VALLEE cedex 2, FRANCE, Contact person: Christian LEFEVRE (Professor, Dr.) 

Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik, Abteilung Köln, Lindenallee 11, D - 50968 KÖLN, ALLEMAGNE, Contact person: Werner 

HEINZ (Dr.) 

Centre National de la Fonction Publique Territoriale, 18, rue Edmond Locard, F - 6322 LYON cedex 05, FRANCE, Contact 

person: Odile BOUILLERET 

Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht School of Governance, Bijhouwerstraat 6, NL - 3511 ZC UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS, Contact 

person: Gerrit HAGELSTEIN 

EUROCITIES, 18 square de Meeûs, B - 1050 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, Contact person: PARMENTIER Catherine (Chief 

executive)


LASALA (Eco-efficient urban management and new models of urban governance: the 

evaluation of LA21 in European local authorities through "concerted self assessment") 



Project URL: http://www.iclei.org/europe/lasala/index.html Duration: 20 months 


There has been a tendency to assume that Local Agenda 21 (LA21) is an end in itself, rather than a 

process, which assists local communities in moving towards a more sustainable world. Virtually all the 

research up until now has been concerned with understanding how LA21 works, and how it relates to preexisting 

policy structures and to local political systems. In contrast, the LASALA project accepts these 

findings and now seeks to take knowledge further by identifying and researching new models of urban 

governance and effective management instruments, processes and practices applied to work towards 

urban environmental sustainability, and in particular the thrifty use of natural resources. Thus this project 

contributes fully to the implementation and evolution of the third and fourth aims of the Commission 

Communication on 'Sustainable Urban Development in the European Union: A Framework for Action', 

COM 98 (605) final, namely protecting and improving the urban environment towards local and global 

sustainability, and contributing to good urban governance and local empowerment. The project also 

contributes to the wider policy of facilitating the LA21 process throughout Europe and is fully in 

accordance with the wider strategic policy objectives embodied in European environmental policy. 


This project aims at generating broadly-based empirical material through recruiting150-250 European 

local authorities in 32 countries who have signed the Aalborg Charter in 1994 and are engaged in LA21, 

(i.e. committed to sustainable development planning) and by undertaking in-depth case research on new 

governance schemes implemented by local governments and management systems/instruments/tools 

applied for managing the city in an eco-efficient way. The first objective is to conduct a 'tele-guided, 

concerted Local Agenda 21 self-assessment' by the recruited European local authorities. The second 

objective is to evaluate LA21 in the participating local authorities with a view to developing new models of 

urban governance and eco-efficient urban management; this will lead to a European LA21 report. The 

third objective is to identify and disseminate best practices in urban governance and eco-efficient urban 

management with a target number of 20 case studies from at least 15 European countries. The fourth 

objective is to assess the functioning of the method of 'concerted self-assessment' and provide guidelines 

for its application resulting in a 'Local Agenda 21 Self-Assessment Manual'. The fifth objective is finally to 

facilitate the exploitation of the project results by information provision and dissemination 


All conceptions of sustainable development integral to LA21 imply a reduction in the use of nonrenewable 

energy sources, the adoption of less polluting lifestyles and transportation and the introduction 

of patterns of living which are within the carrying capacity of the global environment. If secured, these 

approaches will inevitably reduce urban pollution and environmental degradation, with consequent 

implications for improvements in urban health and global environmental conditions. The concept of 'ecoefficient 

urban management' is central to this project and will make a significant contribution to the policy 

processes aimed at preserving and enhancing the environment and minimising the use of natural 

resources.


Coordinator 

Gino Van Begin Tel: +49-761-36892-0 

Regional Director for Europe (acting) Fax: +49-761-36892-59 

The International Council for Local E-mail: gino.van.begin@iclei-europe.org 

Environmental Initiatives http://www.iclei.org/europe/ 

Eschholzstr.86 

D-79115 Freiburg 

Germany 

Participants 

Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Organisation: Universidade Nova de 

Lisboa Quinta da Torre 2825 Monte de Caparica Portugal Contact Person: Matias, Carlos 

Avanzi S.R.L.Via Bassano Del Grappa 7 20127 Milano Italy Contact Person: Bartolomeo, Matteo 

The Centre for Local Environmental Policies And Strategies, Organisation: South Bank University, Borough Road 103, SE1 0AA 

London, United Kingdom Contact Person: Watkins, Trevor 

Institute for Comparative Nordic Politics and Administration, Organisation: Abo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 15, 20500 Abo 

(Turku), Finland, Contact Person: Joas, Marko


LASALA-ONLINE (Local agenda 21 self-assessment for local authorities on-line) 


Contract Type: Accompanying Measure End Date: 30-04-2004 

Project URL: http://www.localevaluation21.org Duration: 15 months 


This proposal for an Accompanying Measure aims to maximise the benefits and add value to the 

successful results obtained from the research project "Local Authorities Self-Assessment of Local Agenda 

21 (LASALA)"(EVK4-CT-1999-00011) that was financed by the European Commission under the 5th 

Framework Programme, Key Action 4: " City of Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage" under heading "4.1.1 

Improving urban governance and decision making". The target is to improve urban governance and 

decision-making by setting up a fully automated self-evaluation tool for European local authorities 

engaged in LA21 processes, and to ensure its wide use amongst participants of the European 

Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign. This will be achieved by enhancing the self-assessment module 

and by developing computer software to move from manual to automatic encoding of data and 

elaboration of benchmarking reports. The resulting online facility will allow local authorities to self-assess 

their LA21 activities and to benchmark their individual responses against the LASALA database. The 

database will be automatically updated with each new reply and this will allow identification of general 

trends and changing dynamics of the European wide local sustainability scenario.) 


The overall target of this proposal for an Accompanying Measure is to improve urban governance and 

decision-making by setting up a common, fully automated self-evaluation tool for European local 

authorities engaged in Local Agenda 21 processes, and to ensure its wide exploitation amongst the 

members (local authorities) of major European Local Government networks as well as amongst the 

participants of the European Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign. 

With this Accompanying Measure it is proposed to upgrade the LASALA self-assessment methodology in 

two ways: 1) through the enhancement and translation of the content of the self-assessment 

questionnaires; 2) through the development of the necessary software to allow the transition from the 

manual encoding of data and elaboration of a benchmarking report for the participants, to the automatic 

encoding of the data and production of benchmarking reports. 

A consortium composed of six European partners, including research institutes, training agencies and 

Local Government Networks will enhance the content of the self-assessment module previously 

developed in the LASALA research project. The Consortium will meet to agree on changes to the content 

of the LASALA self-assessment module in light of the proposed automatisation facility. The content of the 

two Exercises of the module will be adapted to allow replies in a ‘check box’ style and ensure their 

automatic handling, evaluation and benchmarking. Representatives of the Steering Committee of the 

European Sustainable Cities and Towns Campaign will be invited to join the consortium’s work as an 

Advisory Panel to ensure the inclusion of end-user opinions. 

After reviewing and enhancing the LASALA self-assessment module content, a translation will be 

undertaken in 11 European Union official languages plus Catalan and 8 Accession country languages. 

The online self-assessment facility will be adapted to allow automated processing of replies. A computer 

software will be developed to allow the automatic processing of each new entry; feeding of information 

into the LASALA database; benchmarking of individual responses; making the database available on line 

and linked to the LASALA self-assessment facility. 

The endorsement of the enhanced LASALA self-assessment module by members of the Steering 

Committee of the European Sustainable Cities and Town Campaign will be pursued. Amongst others, this 

will be done by organising a Thematic Working session on Evaluation of the ESCT Campaign. A wide 

promotion of the enhanced LASALA self-assessment facility amongst members of major European local 

government networks will be undertaken via specific membership channels available including internet 

web pages, member-net, newsletter, announcement letter, press release, leaflet. A similar promotion will 

be undertaken amongst ESCT Campaign’s participants as part of promotional activities of the Campaign 

office.



The proposed Accompanying Measure will contribute to the objectives of "Key Action 4: City of Tomorrow 

and Cultural Heritage" and, in particular, to the heading ‘4.1.1 Improving urban governance and decision 

making’ in that : 

• it will provide an enhanced evaluation framework for European local authorities engaged in LA21 

processes to assess progress made in their local sustainability processes 

• the widespread exploitation of this enhanced evaluation framework will provide valuable information 

in relation to the prerequisites for the successful implementation and promotion of sustainable urban 

development policies at the European level. 

• the enhanced evaluation framework will contribute to a better understanding of decision-making 

processes to support sustainable development. In particular, it will enable European local authorities 

to self-assess their own achievements, to benchmark them against other European local experiences 

and thus to identify weak and strong points in their sustainability process. 

Coordinator 

Stefan Kuhn, Wolfgang Teubner Tel: +49761368920 

ICLEI European Secretariat Gmbh – Fax: +497613689219 

The International Council E-mail: stefan.kuhn@iclei-europe.org 

for Local Environmental Initiatives Http://www.iclei.org/europe/lasala/ 

European Local Agenda 21 Programme 

Eschholzstrasse 86 

D-79115 Freiburg 

Germany 

Participants 

Sustainable Cities Research Institute, Organisation: Northumbria University, Ellison Building, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST Newcastle 

Upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Evans, Bob 

Institute for Comparative Nordic Politics and Administration, Organisation: Abo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 15, 20500 Abo 

(Turku), Finland, Contact Person: Joas, Marko 

Departamento de Ciencias E Engenharia do Ambiente, Organisation: Faculdade de Ciencias de Technologia da Universidade Nove 

de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Monte Caparica, Portugal, Contact Person: Guimaráes, 

The Regional Environmental Center for Central And Eastern Europe, Ady Endre Ut 9-11, 2000 Szentendre, Hungary, Contact 

Person: Miazga, Agata 

Focus Lab Srl, Via Mameli 41/A, 41100 Modena, Italy, Contact Person: Sancassiani, Walter


PASTILLE (Promoting action for sustainability through indicators at the local level in 

Europe) 



Project URL: http://www.lse.ac.uk/Depts/geography/Pastille Duration: 31 months 


Sustainability indicators have been widely adopted as a key policy tool for moving towards sustainable 

development but their widespread adoption is not without problems. The key emerging problem is: How 

can sustainability indicators be used to 'make a difference' to decision-making? The project addresses 

this key problem by focusing on the use of local sustainability indicators at the urban level to assist 

decision making to achieve sustainable city planning and resource management. This is one of the 

fastest growing areas of indicator use and it is also one which raises most directly the problem of relating 

indicator development and design to changing decision making and behaviour. The involvement of local 

communities - broadly defined to include business and citizen groups - is often an integral element of 

devising sustainability indicators. How this relates to the efficacy of indicators as a policy tool is a key 

issue of urban governance, as well environmental governance. The integration of local sustainability 

indicators as decision making tools into the hierarchy of national and supranational indicators and 

strategies will also be addressed, relating as it does to the application of the subsidiarity principle. 


The overall objective of the project is to analyse the implementation of local sustainability indicators 

programmes, in a variety of contexts, and to develop models, methods and techniques to ensure that 

these indicators impact on decision making at the municipality level. In addition, the project has four more 

detailed objectives. First, it will define the range of roles that local sustainability indicators can play and 

the variation in processes of indicator development. Second, it will examine the processes of indicator 

development and use in the partner cities and relate this to the contextual factors operating in each case. 

Third, it will identify the role of local sustainability indicators in examples of public policy decision making 

and development within each partner city, and assess their impact and effectiveness. Fourth, it will 

disseminate research results in order to facilitate more effective urban governance and more relevant 

strategic European policies in the context of subsidiarity. The research will be undertaken by a consortium 

drawn from four countries: UK, France, Austria and Switzerland 

In each country there will be a local research partnership comprising a municipality and a research 

competence (sometimes a joint competence). The localities involved are: London (specifically, the 

London Borough of Southwark), Le Grand Lyon, Vienna and Winterthur. These partnerships will adopt a 

common methodological basis to investigate the local sustainability indicators programmes in each 

municipality; each municipality has been chosen on the basis of an existing active involvement with 

sustainability indicators. 

The local partnerships will analyse the factors influencing the impact of such indicators on decision 

making in the context of a specific local case study within each municipality, again according to a 

common analytic framework. 

This approach will allow for: local diversity in the sustainability indicators programmes; the variety of 

functions that local sustainability indicators play; and the specificity of the local socio-economic, 

environmental and political/administrative context. The recommendations regarding best practice that will 

arise from the research should, therefore, have a broad applicability across different local contexts. 


PASTILLE should lead to improved methods of urban governance by enhancing the effective of local 

sustainability indicator programmes. It is anticipated that the models, methods and. techniques devised 

from the analysis of the research findings will enable both a practitioners' guide and citizens' briefing to be


written and disseminated; these should have the potential to affect practice in diverse local municipalities 

across Europe in the medium term. 

Coordinator 

Rydin, Yvonne (Mr) Tel: +44171955825 

London School of Economics and Political Science Fax: +441719556187 

Houghton Street E-mail: y.Rydin@lse.ac.uk 

WC2A 2AE 

London 


Participants 

Urban Sociology and Demography Institute of Regional and Urban Research Organisation: Technische Universitaet Wien Karlplatz 

13 1040 Wien Austria Contact Person: Bokemann, Dieter 

Regeneration and Environment Department Organisation: London Borough of Southwark Portland Street Chiltern House Se17 2ES 

London United Kingdom Contact Person: Manson, Fred 

Safety and Environment Organisation: Stadt Winterthur Obertor 32 8402 Winterthur Switzerland Contact Person: Klooz, Daniel 

Ecology Organisation: Zurich University of Applied Science Winterthur Technikumstrasse 9 8401 Winterthur Switzerland Contact 

Person: Joos, Walter 

Missio Ecologie Délégation Générale au Développement Urbain Organisation: Communauté Urbaine De Lyon Rue Du Lac 20 

69399 Lyon France Contact Person: Pillonel, Claude 

Laboratoire Rives Organisation: Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de L' Etat Rue Maurice Audin 1 69518 Vaulx-En-Velin France 

Contact Person: Martinet, Didier 

Umweltschutzabteilung Organisation: Magistrat der Stadt Wien Ebendorferstrasse 4 1082 Wien Austria Contact Person: Loeffler, 

Helmut 

Institut für Grundlagen der Verfahrens Technik und Anlagentechnik Organisation: Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 25 

8010 Graz Austria


PEGASUS (Planning, Environment, Governance and Sustainability) 


Contract Type: Accompanying measure End Date: 31-05-2004 

Project URL: http://www.eurocities.org/pegasus/ Duration: 24 months 


Through PEGASUS, the project partners wish to address the following challenges facing us in Europe at 

the urban level: 

1. In order to ensure the sustainable development of our cities at the urban level, we must promote the 

use of integrated and holistic approaches to policymaking and implementation. The challenge is to 

develop an approach that will deliver the key pillars of sustainability; economic development, social 

inclusion and environmental protection, and that will create instruments and management systems 

through which the integrated objective of sustainability can be achieved in practice. 

2. To be achieved, sustainable development requires a paradigm shift in the way that governance is 

carried out and in the way that decisions are taken and made. In short, we need to take a strategic 

and longer-term view of the way we plan and develop our urban areas so as to identify problems in 

advance and use our scarce resources more effectively 


The main objective of the PEGASUS project is to assess the potential applicability of the Dutch “Spatial 

Development and Environment” (ROM) approach to other urban areas across Europe. ROM has been 

developed and tested in several pilot projects across The Netherlands in the last few years. As 

PEGASUS is a consortium of partners concerned with urban policies and decision-making, the partners 

will make use of the experiences gained in a Dutch national pilot project. 

In this way, the project will also promote a new and innovative approach to urban and regional planning, 

governance and decision-making. Rather than following the traditional path of identifying a problem, 

environmental or other, and developing the means to address this particular problem, the partners in 

PEGASUS will take a different route. In PEGASUS, the partners will aim to assess the potential in their 

urban area to take a completely new and different, area-based approach. This will begin with the 

development of an overall strategy, followed by the establishment of a series of objectives and targets, a 

set of indicators and, finally, measures, or projects, which contribute to these objectives and targets. 

Furthermore, the partners will assess the best ways of ensuring the involvement of all relevant actors 

(from the local to the national level) throughout the process. 

In pursuing the above objectives the local and scientific partners in the project will enter into a series of 

debates on: 

• The challenge of linking economic, social and environmental policy objectives and the need to ensure 

a proper balance between all of these policy areas. 

• The challenges of ensuring efficient and successful cooperation between different actors within the 

government chain from local to national and between government and third parties including the 

voluntary and business sectors and other local and regional actors. This debate will certainly 

contribute to the ongoing European discussion on better governance and a network Europe. 

• The relation between the administrative city and the surrounding metropolitan area, sometimes also 

referred to as the “Functional Urban Region” or Wider Territorial Unit (Urban Audit – European 

Commission DG REGIO). The debate will address and begin to bring forward solutions to the 

existing discrepancies between policy challenges and the level at which they are best addressed and 

government competencies and the limitations which they face. 

• The existing discrepancy between “solution oriented research” and the need for more strategic, 

longer-term research aimed at identifying trends and connected challenges before they emerge and 

at developing strategies and approaches to avoid challenges becoming problems. 

• In more practical terms, the project will: 

• Bring the experiences of the Dutch “ROM” approach to a greater European audience of urban 

planning specialists. With Urban Planning Specialists we mean both researchers and scientists 

active on issues related to urban and regional planning and decision-makers at local regional and


national levels in Europe. The focus will lie on the expertise and experiences gained in a particular 

urban ROM project which has been running successfully for almost 8 years. The essentials in brief 

are the involvement of all relevant actors within the geographic area to determine, together, the longterm 

trends, objectives and targets for that area. Following from this, indicators and eventually, 

individual projects or initiatives are developed. 

• Assess, through a two-day training workshop, an analysis and a series of local workshops bringing 

experts in science and practice together, whether or not this innovative approach can be used at the 

urban level in different circumstances in different European urban areas. 


• The project will bring researchers and local, as well as national decision makers together in a 

coordinated effort working towards a common and very specific objective, the assessment of the 

applicability of the ROM approach in a number of European cities. 

• PEGASUS goes beyond raising awareness and reaches a real cooperation to assess the potential to 

use the ROM approach elsewhere in Europe and identify the challenges that would need to be 

addressed 

• Sustainability as an objective 

• PEGASUS will result in concrete policy and research recommendation directed not only at the 

European Commission but also at local authorities across Europe and at national governments. 

• PEGASUS will facilitate the stronger cooperation between different European projects in the field of 

governance financed in the framework of the 5th FP on Research such as PLUS, DEMOS and 

INTERACT thereby creating greater added value for all. 

Coordinator 

Jordi Gómez Tel : +3225520880 

Eurocities asbl Fax : +3225520889 

18, Square de Meeûs E-mail : j.gomez@eurocities.be 

1050 Brussels 

Belgium 

Participants 

ROM Rijnmond Bureau, Wilhelminakade 909, 3002 AM Rotterdam, The Netherlands Contact person: Perry Boomsluiter 

BHAM Birmingham City Council, The Council House BI IBB, Birmingham UK Contact person: Julia Brown 

ARE-Liguria, Regional Agency for Energy of Liguria, Via Peschiera 16, 16122 Genoa Italy Contact person: Matteo Brandani 

City of Malmö, Bergsgatan 17, 20580 Malmö Sweden Contact person: Per-Arne Nilsson 

Ayuntamiento de Sevilla-Delegación de Medio Ambiente, Escuelas Pias 1, 41003 Sevilla, Spain, Contact person: Modesta Hoyuela 

Mag Wien, Magistrat der Stadt Wien-Magistratsabteilung 18, Rathausstrasse 14-16, 1082 Wien, Austria Contact person: Ina 

Homeier-Mendes 

City of Oslo, Oslo, City Hall 0037 Oslo Contact person: Guttorm Grundt 

Stiftelsen Idébanken (The ideas Bank Foundation), Ideas Bank, 2126 Grünerlokka, Fredensborgum 240, 0505 Oslo Contact person: 

Mads. B Nakkerud


PLUS (Participation, leadership and urban sustainability) 



Project URL: http://www.plus-eura.org Duration: 30 months 


The quality of life in towns and cities of Europe depends to a considerable extent on the quality of urban 

governance. Policy makers at all levels of government recognise that enhancing the quality of life requires 

a more substantial approach to urban development. For example, the European Commission published a 

Framework for Action in 1998 titled: Sustainable Urban Development in the European Union. This 

indicates that the economic, social and environmental changes facing European urban areas are 

interwined and that effective approaches to meeting these challenges require improvements in 

governance and local citizen empowerement. This project aims to promote effective urban governance by 

identyfying approaches to city leadership and community involvement, which work well. Strong leadership 

and effective public involvement are complementary and both need to be developed if the quality of urban 

living in Europe is to be enhanced. 


The objective of this proposal is to accumulate and disseminate practical knowledge about the 

complementarity of political leadership and citizen involvement in cities, which are active in promoting 

sustainable development. By researching alternative approaches to urban leadership and community 

involvement in local decision-making in nine countries the project will identify aspects of good practice, 

and disseminate findings to cities, national governments, and the EU. 

Comparative analysis of 18 carefully chosen cities – two from each of the nine countries – is being 

undertaken using a common evaluative framework. The research will focus on two policy fields, which are 

crucial to the quality of life in towns and cities; economic regeneration and social inclusion. 


The project will lead to better understanding of the way sustainable urban development can be enhanced 

by developping improved approaches to local decision-making. A new conceptual framework will be 

developed which will aid thinking in relation to effective urban governance. The project will also produce 

and disseminate nine country case studies as well as a practical guide on how to assess the performance 

of urban governancein a given town or city. By creating an internet database, developing a distance 

learning pack and running interactive, cross-national dissemination events the project aims to provide 

practical assistance to politicians, officials and citizens who want to promote the sustainable development 

of towns and cities in the future. 

Coordinator 

Prof. Murray Stewart Tel: 

University of the West of England Fax: 

Coldharbour Lane E-mail: Murray.Stewart@uwe.ac.uk 

Frenchay Campus BS16 1QY Bristol 


Participants 

Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Karolinenplatz 5, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany, Contact person: Mr Seidler 

Institute of Urban Environment and Human Resources, Aristotelous Street 14, Kalithea, 17671, Athens, Greece 

Polytechnic of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy, Contact person: Mr De Maio


University of Twente, P.B. 217 Drienerlolaan 5, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands, Contact person: Mr Van Der Veen 

Massey University, PO Box 11-222 Palmerston North, New Zealand, Contact person: Mr Long 

Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research, Gaustadalleen 21, 0313 Oslo, Norway, Contact person: Mr Naustdalslid 

Warsaw University, Krakowskie Przedmiescie 26/28 00046 Warszawa, Pola nd, Contact person: Mr Gorzelak 

Goteborg University, PO Bpx 100 Vasaparken, 405 30 Goeteborg, Sweden, Contact person: Ms Ahlqwist 

Eurocities ASBL, Square de Meeûs 18, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, Contact person: Ms Parmentier 

Association for the Regeneration of Neighbourhoods in Crisis, Ropsy Chaudron 7, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium, Contact person: Mr 

Boelpaepe 

Landhauptstadt Hannover, Trammplatz 2, 30159 Hannover, Trammplatz 2, 30159 Hannover, Germany, Contact person: Mr Richter 

Stadt Heilderberg, Markplatz 10, 69045 Heidelberg, Germany, Contact person: Ms Weber 

Municipality of Athens, Liossion 22, 10438 Athens, Greece, Contact person: Mr Kakogiannakos 

Volos Municipal Enterprise for Urban Studies, Innovation and Development (VME), Mikrasiaton Street 81, 38333 Volos, Greece, 

Contact person: Mr Sgouris 

Commune di Cinisello Balsamo, Via Conafalonieri, 5 20092 Cinisello, Balsamo, Italy, Contact person: Ms Gasparini 

City of Bergen, PO Box 7700, Radhuest 5020, Bergen, Norway, Contact person: Mr Kristiansen 

City of Oslo, Radhuest, 0037 Oslo, Norway, Contact person: Ms Solbakken 

City of Ostrow Wielkopolski, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 18, 63 400 Ostrow Wielkopolski, Poland, Contact person: Mr Kruszynski 

City of Stockholm, Rosenlundsgatan 60, 100 64 Stockholm, Sweden 

Ristol City Council, The Council House, College Green, BS1 5UY Bristol, United Kingdom, Contact person: Ms Stephens 

Citta di Torino, Via Palazzo di Citta 1 10122 Torino, Italy, Contact person: Mr Chiamparino 

Gemeente Enschede, PB 20, Langestraat 24, 7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands, Contact person: Mr Hannema 

Gemeente Roermond, PB 900? Markt 31, 6040 AX Roermond, The Netherlands, Contact person: Mr Richardson 

Waitakere City Council, Po Box 93109 Henderson, New Zealand, Contact person: Mr O’Rourke 

City of Goteborg, Karl Johansgatan 23-25, 414 59 Goeteborg, Sweden, Contact person: Mr Bodin


RECOURSE (Research and Education Centre for Urban Socio-Economic Development ) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2002-80007 Start Date: 01-12- 2002 

Contract Type: Accompanying measure End Date: 30-11- 2005 

Project URL: http://recourse.univ.gda.pl Duration: 36 months 


The RECOURSE activities are focused on the studies of urban problems which are not deeply 

investigated or not widely understood by the social environment of Newly Associated States (NAS) as 

crucial for sustainable development. In the centre of interest are study on the improving urban 

governance and the developing comprehensive instruments for sustainable city management. After 

almost half of the century break, the democratic system and self-governance are introduced in the postcommunist 

countries. Because of the lack of tradition and experience the local agencies are keen to learn 

from the experience of EU and other NAS fellow countries. 

One of the measures of urban sustainable development is the quality of life. The imbalance economic, 

social and environmental policy of the communist period resulted in destruction of many areas. Especially 

the social and environmental consequences of the intensive industrialisation of the urban areas were 

deeply neglected in the research studies. Rising the quality of housing and regenerating the declining 

neighbourhoods are of the crucial meaning for residential attractiveness of cities and in the further 

consequences for its economic prosperity. 


Developing the conceptual and methodological frameworks to support the comparative urban sustainable 

development studies is one of the major scientific aims to achieve. These methods take on increasing 

significance as Europe becomes more integrated economically and socially. The comparative and joint 

researches of NAS and Western European centres are of the value for both partners as they give a new 

perspective of investigation and interpretation of the results growing from different experience and 

tradition. 


The participation of leading scientists in the project will create a unique opportunity to raise the level of 

scientific activity of the Centre. It will also help to bridge the communication gap between Western and 

Eastern European urban research centres. The project creates the friendly environment for fruitful dialog 

of East and West, of different disciplines, of researchers and practitioners that will last beyond the project 

time span. 

Realisation of the project will create the unique opportunities for young researchers scientific 

development and research training through their active participation in international links in form of 

seminars, workshops, research visits. Establishing the Centre enable the quicker progress in their 

professional careers, which is currently impeded by the shortage of resources. By the same token, the 

chances to attract talented young people in the competition with private firms or state institutions are 

growing. Offering interesting perspectives for relevant, European level scientific development will help in 

their decisions. 

The particular activities of the project will help to meet the EU teaching standards through exchange of 

teaching techniques and experience as well as mutual students' visits in the frame of twinning program. 

The experience of RECOURSE should also stimulate the undergraduate students' activity in other 

international programs for students.


Coordinator: 

Iwona Sagan Tel: +4858/ 660 16 12 

UG, University of Gdansk Fax: +4858/ 660 16 70 

Pilsudskiego 46 E-mail: geois@univ.gda.pl 

81-378 Gdynia 

Poland 

Participants


SUDLAB (Sustainable urban development laboratory) 



Project URL: Not available Duration: 24 months 


The accompanying measure SUDLAB is directed to supporting projects funded through Key Action 4 

(KA4), by helping to relate their activities, results and solutions to the situations found in European cities. 

This will improve the focus and targeting of the projects, and help to ‘commercialise’ the solutions by 

identifying the number and types of city that would benefit from the solutions. SUDLAB is underpinned by 

the wish of the Lead Contractor, GHK and its partner EUROCITIES to improve access to information on 

the need for Sustainable Urban Development (SUD) policies and to encourage the take up of workable 

solutions including those stemming from KA4. 


SUDLAB will provide urban managers with information about the relative performance of their city and 

local authority on: a range of measures of SUD; factors influencing future SUD including the policy drivers 

at EU and national level; and, the scope of solutions generated by projects within the KA4. In so doing, 

SUDLAB will provide users with high quality up to date data to help inform policy and investment choices. 

SUDLAB will also identify the markets of the products of KA4 projects and promote their application. 

SUDLAB will be built around a website supported by a powerful database and content manager. The 

database will be structured around selected domains, relating to urban development, for example, travel 

patterns, waste management and cultural assets. The analytical capability of the database will enable 

users to generate reports pertinent to the choices they face in a more complete and robust way than 

hitherto and at considerably reduced costs. Prospective users and KA4 projects will be involved during 

the development period. SUDLAB will be developed in stages relating to the roll out of KA4 projects and 

EU level policy priorities. 


Following the funding period SUDLAB will be extended to include policy and technical solutions from 

sources other than KA4 and it is envisaged that SUDLAB will become self-financing on a commercial 

basis. Users will have easier access to better qualitative and quantitative information at lower cost than 

otherwise would be possible. 

Coordinator 

Bozeat, Nick Tel: +441212338900 

GHK Consulting Ltd Fax: +441212120308 

Department: GHK Europe E-mail: bozeatn@ghkint.com 

Fulham Road 526 

SW6 5NR London 


Participants 

Eurocities, Square de Meeus 18, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Contact Person: Parmentier, Catherine


SUT-GOVERNANCE (Sustainable Urban Tourism: Involving Local Agents and 

Partnerships for New Forms of Governance) 



Project URL: http://sut.itas.fzk.de/ Duration: 36 months ? 


Sustainable urban tourism requires attention to varied elements, including 

• maintaining physical heritage in the context of living, developing cities; 

• allowing maximum access to available infrastructure, tourist sites, parks, and other green spaces; 

• strengthening the cultural and social viability of local community; 

• balancing interests of residents and visitors; 

• economic viability 

• minimizing adverse ecological impacts on sites from transportation, and 

• unsustainable consumption patterns. 

Achieving this involves advancing knowledge and practice about the types of partnerships that can be 

formed to promote urban sustainable tourism; the roles of government and other stakeholders in this 

partnerships; how local governments can apply them to local tourism development; and the critical issues 

and challenges to local authorities seeking to create such partnerships. This project presents an effort to 

work with public-private partnerships and urban governments in Europe to develop, validate, and deploy a 

general framework for urban sustainable tourism partnerships that is applicable to a variety of urban 

municipal and development contexts. 


The overall goal of the project is to elaborate and promote innovative forms and instruments of local 

governance to improve urban tourism development involving the principles of sustainability and 

participatory decision-making. The project's methodological approach involves the analysis of framework 

conditions, policies, best practices, and results, drawing on detailed field work in four European countries 

(Germany, Austria, Greece and Bulgaria), supported by a broader information and case scan. After 

validating insights and best practices through concept mapping, a benchmarking process is undertaken to 

assess practices and performance in sustainable tourism in European cities and to provide customised 

feedback to participating localities. Broader forms of dissemination through written and electronic means 

and a workshop supplement these efforts. The project develops an integrated framework to assist in 

understanding and catalysing partnerships for sustainable management of tourism, and potentially other 

urban challenges. 


This project is designed to advance knowledge, tools, and practice to assist decision-makers, 

governments, and other stakeholders in urban tourism development, including the private sector and nongovernmental 

groups, to implement sustainable tourist practice. Research and policy application of the 

study findings include: 

• Elaboration of the general principles concerning sustainability and tourism development applicable at 

the local level of urban development 

• Promotion of alternative practice of urban governance in order to allow flexible adaptation to the 

different types of problems of urban areas 

• Enhancement of direct contacts among various levels of governance and especially among same 

level local actors without passing necessarily through higher level authorities 

• Facilitation of the communication among partnership members through the homogenisation of basic 

terminology and standardisation of main practice


• Improvement in the efficiency of resources devoted to the formulation and implementation of 

sustainable urban tourism 

• Development of basic sustainability indexes of urban tourism development 

• Enhancement and spread of information and experience related to best practice of European urban 

development. 

Coordinator 

Paskaleva, Krassimira Tel: +497247826133 

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh – Fax: +497247824806 

Technik und Umwelt Institute E-mail: krassimira.paskaleva@itas.fzk.de 

For Technology Assessment 

and Systems Analysis 

Weberstrasse 5 Postfach 3640 

76021 Karlsruhe 

Germany 

Participants 

Interdisciplinary Institute of Environmental Economics And Management Organisation: Vienna University of Economics And 

Business Administration Rossauer Lände 23/4, 1090 Wien Austria Contact Person: Schubert, Uwe 

Regional Consulting Ziviltechniker Gesellschaft Gmbh Schlossgasse 11 1050 Wien Austria Contact Person: Weltzien, Christian 

Spatial Development Research Unit Department of Urban And Regional Planning Organisation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 

University Campus, Administration Building, University Box 49154006 Thessaloniki Greece Contact Person: Guiba - Tziampiri, 

Olympia 

Faculty of Economics Organisation: Sts. Cyril And Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo Christo Botev Street 19 Block5 5000 

Veliko Turnovo Bulgaria Contact Person: Dimov, Ivan


UGIS (Urban Development programme, urban governance, social inclusion and urban 

sustainability) 



Project URL: http://www.ufsia.ac.be/ugis Duration: 36 months 


During the last decade all over Europe urban development programmes have been established with a 

view to combat urban problems and/or to stimulate urban dynamics. These programmes have been set 

up in a new policy-making context, that of urban governance, the development of which they have often 

stimulated. Three problems will be addressed in this project. What are the effects of urban development 

programmes on social inclusion and urban sustainability? How did certain forms of urban governance 

shape these programmes, their definition, their implementation and their successes and failures? How 

has the presence of these programmes changed urban governance or even stimulated forms of urban 

governance (the feedback loop). 


To answer these problems, the project undertakes a multilevel research in 32 neighbourhoods in 9 

countries. The cases are selected on two criteria. Firstly, neighbourhoods must be part of an urban 

development programme. They are, however, selected in such a way that a sufficient range of 

differentiation is obtained on a number of crucial variables. Second, to minimise new and expensive 

research, data should be available for at least two time periods. 

The research integrates multiple levels and will proceed from a comparative perspective, but will focus on 

the European dimension. 

The effects of urban programmes on social inclusion in deprived urban areas, on sustainability in the 

selected cities and on urban governance are assessed through the analysis of a multilevel database and 

through cross-evaluation by the international project team. To perform that task, smaller teams of four 

experts are selected from the project members and perform their evaluation in cities in a 'foreign' country, 

assisted by the local partner. 


A network of stakeholders is developed and activated through this collaboration and through the 

production of a handbook. The evaluation focuses on 'benchmarking' for evaluating the processes and 

outcomes of the programmes (in terms of strengths and weaknesses of types of programmes and of 

related forms of urban governance). The conceptual and theoretical framework forms a strong basis for a 

common database that will contain both quantitative and qualitative data at different levels. This 

framework and the methodology offer opportunities to develop a genuine European approach. A number 

of concrete deliverables will be developed that can be used by end-users; such as the network, reports 

that puts local initiatives in a European comparative context, the handbook with models of good practice. 

Coordinator 

Jan Vranken (prof. dr.) Tel: +32-(0)3220.43.20 

OASeS - Onderzoeksgroep Armoede, Fax: +32-(0)3220.43.25 

Sociale Uitsluiting en de Stad E-mail: Jan.Vranken@ufsia.ac.be 

(Research Unit on Poverty, 

Social Exclusion and the City) 

Universiteit Antwerpen Ufsia 

Gratiekapelstraat 10 

2000 Antwerpen Belgium


Participants 

Universiteit Leiden, 8 Heidelberglaan 8 Po Box 80125, 3584 Cs Utrecht, Netherlands, Contact Person: Van Der Kallen, Andre, 

W.J.M Universität Köln, Albert Magnus Platz 1, 50923 Köln, Germany Contact Person: Gärtner, Ulf 

Magister en Investigación, Gestión y Desarrollo Local Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociologia Organisation: Universidad 

Complutense de Madrid Campus de Somosaguas S/N 3211 28223 Madrid Spain Contact Person: Zapata González, Agustín 

Metropolitan Research Institute Ltd.Lonyay Utca 34, 1093 Budapest Hungary Contact Person: Tosics, Ivan 

Amsterdamse School Voor Sociaal Wetenschappelijk Ondersoek Organisation: Universiteit van Amsterdam Oude Hoogstraat 24 

1012 CE Amsterdam Netherlands Contact Person: Wassenaar, Bart 

Institute for Housing Research Organisation: Uppsala University 801 29 Gävle Sweden Contact Person: Ottosson, Mats-Ola 

Faculty of Social Sciences Organisation: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam Burgermeester Oudlaan 50 3000 Dr Rotterdam 

Netherlands Contact Person: Lehning, Percival 

Département Civil Centre de Recherche sur la Politique, L'administration et le Territoire - Institut d'etudes Politiques Organisation: 

Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 Sciences Sociales Avenue de Constantine 25 38100 Grenoble France Contact 

Person: Oberdorff, Henri 

Department: Division of Housing and Urban Research Organisation: Danish Building Research Institute Dr. Neergaards Vej 15, 

2970 Hoersholm Denmark Contact Person: Kristensen, Hans 

Fondazione Felicita Ed Enrico Bignaschi e Figli Via Olmetto 3, 20123 Milano Italy Contact Person: Mingione, Terenzio


URBEST (Urban best practices) 

Project reference: EVK4-CT-2001-80002 Start Date: 01-04-2002 


Project URL: Not Available Duration: 24 months 


URBEST is a communication project on urban best practices aiming at involving relevant stakeholders in 

a wide debate on socio-economic and technological innovation in urban areas. It brings together content 

providers (experts in urban issues, development agencies, networks of cities) and communication experts 

(TV producers and TV Channels). URBEST will organise a cycle of 6 months TV programmes to be 

broadcast on a network of European TV Channels. The TV programmes will have a common structure. 

They will show examples of European best practices, compare them with the local situation and host a 

debate with local stakeholders. Exchange of information among TV Channels will run through an Internet 

based information platform. TV programmes across Europe are expected to produce different debates 

reflecting local approaches. URBEST will have characters of openness (other media will be able to join 

during the project) and repeatability. 


URBEST objectives are: to broadcast 36 TV programmesfocusing on urban best practices on 6 local 

European TV Channels (Antwerpse Televisie, Tele Bilbao, Tele Bruxelles, FAB Berlin, Canal 9 Lille, RTC 

Liège); to involve relevant stakeholder in the debate; to enhance circulation on information on innovative 

experiences in urban context among local governments, experts in urban issues, media and citizens; to 

constitute an open communication platform on urban issues for regional TV channels; to create a user 

friendly database on urban best practice that can be accessed by administrations and media. 

On a longer run URBEST aims at developing a communication model based on comparison of different 

urban experiences as reference scenarios for vision making and on the active involvement of citizens. 

URBEST intends to be the basis for further developments of communication actions based on a 

participative dynamic extended to a wide range of social actors.URBEST will combine scientific content 

provided by experts in urban issues and the organisation of communication provided by TV producers 

and a network of European TV channels. 

The initial phase of the project has beendevoted at the selection of relevant best practice examples and 

research projects to be shown on TV programmes on the basis of the methodology elaborated by the 

IIUE (International Institute for the Urban Environment). Based on the cases selected, the TV channels 

involved will produce the reportages according to a thematic division on six urban areas of interest (urban 

design, land use, cultural heritage, green spaces, socio-economic development and transports) 

At the same time Belgavox will co-ordinate the setting up and use of the internet based exchange 

platform based on the Paxos technology. Production and broadcasting will run on nine months. 

Production will start three months earlier than broadcasting in order to set up and populate the audiovisual 

database from which TV Channels will be able to select the best practice examples to be used in 

the programmes. The database will be accessible via Internet to all TV Channels involved and will 

guarantee delivery of audio-visual content according to broadcasting standards. 

. Special attention is being paid to provide the largest possible circulation of information on the Urbest 

initative towards relevant stakeholders of urban management and communication. Dissemination is 

diversified on the basis of the different categories targeted (citizens, local administrations, experts in 

urban issues, media) with a view to favour the adoption of the Urbest model to other actions aimed at the 

exchange of experiences across 


Expected results will be the production and broadcasting on 6 European TV channels of 36 TV 

programmes showing examples of best practices and promoting a debate involving relevant stakeholders 

on the potential adoption of those best practices to the local context. Creation of an audio-visual database


on urban best practices that will be available after the project to other TV Channels and administrations. 

Future possibilities to further develop the project and repeat the experience on a larger scale. 

Coordinator 

TESEO SPRL 

32 Avenue de Tervuren 

1040 Bruxelles - Belgium 

Project Manager : Mr. Giuseppe Saija Tel: +32-2-230 10 90 

Fax: +32-2-230 13 77 

E-mail: saija@teseo.be 

Participants 

THE IIUE 

International Institute for the Urban Environment 

Mijnbouwplein 11 

2628 Delft – The Netherlands 

Project contact: Mr. Martijn Kramer 

Tel. +31-15-262 32 79 

Fax. +31-15- 262 48 73 

E-mail: Kramer@urban.nl 

Web-site : http://www.urban.nl 

BELGAVOX 

93 Rue de Verrewinkel 

1180 – Bruxelles – Belgium 

Project contact : Mr. Philippe Fannoy 

Tel. +32-2-375 44 89 

Fax. +32-2-375 32 34 

E-mail: p.fannoy@cityfilms.be 

Web-site : http://www.belgavox.be 

EURADA – European Association of Regional Development Agencies 

12 Boulevards des Arts 

1210 Bruxelles - Belgium 

Project contact : Mrs. Catherine Henaux 

Tel. +32-2-218 43 13 

Fax. +32-2-218 45 83 

E-mail : catherine.henaux@eurada.org 

EAC TV 

The European Association of City TV 

Legal office: 

Centre Internatiocional de Premsa de Barcelona 

Rambla de Catalunya 10 1r. 1a. 08007 Barcelona 

Project contact 

Mr. Jean Louis Radoux 

RTC Liège 

Rue du Laveu 58 

4000 Liège - Belgium 

Tel. +32-4-254 99 99 

Fax. +32-4-254 99 98 

E-mail: jl.radoux@rtc.be


URBS PANDENS (Urban Sprawl: European Patterns, Environmental Degradation and 

Sustainable Development) 



Project URL: http://www.pik-potsdam.de/gerhard/projekt Duration: 36 months 


Urban sprawl is one of the most important types of land-use changes in Europe. It increasingly diminishes 

the quqlity of life in Europe and brings forth major impacts on the environment (e.g. via surface sealing, 

emissions by transport, or ecosystem fragmentation), the social structure of an area (e.g. via segregation, 

life style changes, or neglecting urban centres) and the economy (e.g. via distributed production, land 

prices, or issues of scale). These threats, their interaction and the conflicting interests in resoving them, 

represent a common challenge across Europe. Against this background URBS PANDENS strives for an 

integrated impact assessment of regulations, incentives, economic instruments and infrastructure 

measures on urban sprawl. Within the project policies as imposed by European, national and regional 

agencies will be investigated and options for improvement are developed. 


Despite their different economic structure, culture, social composition and urban density cities exhibit 

similarities in major determinants of urban development, such as civilisation, urban form, natural and 

man-made environment. Starting from a hypotesis on functional similarity of sprawl, the project will 

perform an integrated assessment of the environmental, economic, social and political aspects of urban 

sprawl in selected EU and accession countries. On basis of seven case studies (Liverpool, Stockholm, 

Leipzig/Halle, Vienna, Warsaw, Ljubljana and Athens) modern qualitative modelling techniques utilizing 

so-called qualitative differential equations (QDE) will be used. The model(s) generalise(s) the processes 

of sprawl by statements as general as: the more segregation in a region the more migration from the 

urban centre. General statements of this type form a network which can be formalised as a qualitative 

model. Formally, this type of a quqlitative model represents an entire family of conventional models of 

urban sprawl as they might have been derived by individual modelling attemts in the region. 

Once one or two qualitative models are established as a functional-pattern of sprawl, the model results 

can be used as possible scenarios (a single qualitative model gives various future scenarios) of future 

developments in the regions. These scenarios are evaluated within stakeholder workshops with rescpect 

to sustainable development. This ranking of futures will then be used for policy design on basis of the 

models, good cases databases, local experience and politics, and further stakeholder dialogues. 


A policy guide represents the central product of the project. The pattern approach taken allows to produce 

a guide which is broadly applicable, i.e. to other than the specific case study regions also. The guide 

basically reflects the three stages of the project, i.e. pattern identification, scenario evaluation and policy 

design, on basis of the concrete project results. This guide should in principle be usable by urban 

planners in different regions, as long as the simple identification scheme indicates their region as to be of 

one or the other of the types identified in the project. Besides this central integrated result, broadly 

applicable, the detailed studies of the seven case regions can be expected to have some impact on urban 

planning and administration in these regions.


Coordinator 

Gerhard Petschel-Held Tel: 

Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Fax: 

Potsdam E-mail: petschel@pik-potsdam.de 

Germany 

Participants 

University of Aegean, Department of Geography, H.Trikopi and Faonos, Mytilini, Greece 

Vienna University of Technology, Faculty for Architecture and Spatial Planning Institute of Regional Science, Vienna, Austria 

Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia 

Ufz- Uweltforschungszentrum Leipzig – Halle Gmbh, Interdisciplinary Department of Urban Landscapes, Leipzig, Germany 

Liverpool John Moores University, School of the Built Environment, Great Britain 

Warsaw University, Institute of Physical Geography, Warsaw, Poland 

Stockholm University, Institute for Urban Studies, 

ICLEI European Secretariat Gmbh, ICLEI Europe Environmental Management Programme, Freiburg, Germany



AWAST (Aid in the management and European comparison of a municipal solid waste 

treatment for a global and sustainable approach) 



Project URL: http://awast.brgm.fr Duration: 36 months 


Municipal Solid Waste management is a major problem for all the local communities of the EU. The 

different involved players (political, industrial, municipalities) are faced to a lack of methodologies and 

software to define, evaluate, optimise or adapt their waste treatment decisions and to meet the progress 

targets set at the EC level. The AWAST project will answer this need by providing end-users with a 

flexible simulation software that, in a comprehensive approach, takes into account technical, energetic 

and economic aspects, and also the social and environmental aspects. It will be validated on 3 European 

cities displaying a wide variety of practices, performance achievement and local contexts. National 

environmental agencies, local communities and non-governmental associations, joined together in a 

Steering Committee, will guarantee that the needs of the end-users will be met and that the research 

results will be properly disseminated. 


The AWAST project objective is to provide end-users with flexible simulation software that, in a 

comprehensive approach, takes into account technical, energetic and economic aspects, and also the 

social and environmental aspects. It will be based on process analysis and simulation, including energetic 

and economic aspects, of the whole waste management system: collection, sorting, transport, biological 

treatment, thermal treatment, landfill. 

The project objectives will be addressed through a work plan organised in three major technical parts: 

R&D tasks for tool development, application tasks and valorisation and dissemination of results. 

The first phase of the project has focussed on R&D tasks to adapt and develop existing academic 

models in order to build models of global parameters and of specific channels fitting with the industrial 

context of the applied approach. The models are integrated in a global simulator of waste management 

systems 

The second phase concerns application tasks for tool validation: A study of the local waste management 

in three European local communities (Orléans in France, Lisbon in Portugal and Stuttgart in Germany) will 

make it possible to validate the approach. 


As a global impact, the project will contribute to the objectives of the Waste reduction and its life cycle 

management —i.e. “reduce the volume, variety and hazardousness of solid waste requiring disposal 

through a better understanding of the life cycle of waste streams and developing strategies for their 

reduction, re-use and treatment with minimum environmental and social impact”— The project intends to 

provide end-users and stakeholders with an instrument that will allow them to adapt best practices and 

build strategies for sustainable waste management, disposal and reuse in cities.


Coordinator 

Villeneuve, Jacques (Dr) Tel: +33238643629 

Bureau De Recherches Geologiques et Minieres Fax: +33238643062 

Service "Environnement Industriel E-mail: j.villeneuve@brgm.fr 

et Procedes Innovants" 

Avenue Claude Guillemin 3 

45060 Orleans 

France 

Participants 

BRGM, 3, avenue Claude Guillemin – BP 6009, 45060 ORLEANS (F) Contact: Dr Villeneuve Jacques 

Institute for Water Quality and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/E226.4, 1040 VIENNA (A) 

Contact: Prof. Dr. Brunner, Paul H 

Stuttgart University, Bandtäle 2 , 70569 STUTTGART (D) Contact: Prof. Dr.-Eng Tabasaran Oktay 

Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Alfred Getz veg 2, 74981 TRONDHEIM (N) Contact: Prof. Sandvik Knut Lyng 

Instituto National de Investigacao agraria, Apartado 3228 Tapada da Ajuda, 1301-903 LISBOA (P) Contact: Dr. Soutero Goncalves 

Manuel 

Electricité de France, BP1 – Site des Renardières – Route de Sens, 77818 MORET-SUR-LOING (F) Contact: Eng. Lecointe Claire 

Centre National du Machinisme Agricole, du Génie Rural, des Eaux et Forêts, 17, avenue de Cucillé – CS 64427, 35044 RENNES 

(F). Contact: Dr. Le Bozec André 

Resource Management Agency (RMA) Argentinierstrasse 48/2nd floor, A-1040 WIEN (A). Contact: Mag. Daxbeck Hans 

Energos ASA, Vestre Rosten 81, 7075 Tiller, TRONDHEIM (N). Contact: Dr. Jakobsen Arne 

Tratamento de residuos solidos, S.A., Ave. 5 de Junho – dia Mundial do Ambiente – TRAJOUCE, 2785-155 S. Domingos de Rana 

(P). Contact: Eng. Gonçalves Hilario Teresa Maria 

Valorizacao e Tratamentp de Residuos Solidos da Area Metropolitana de Lisboa (Norte) Plataforma Ribeirinha da CP – Estaçao 

de Mercadorias da Bobadela, 2696-801 S. Joao da Talha – LOURES (P). Contact: Eng. Correia Constança


AGORA (Cities for People) 





Cities for People will develop and test a pan-European audit methodology to analyse human activity in 

European spaces and to identify best practice model for urban planning and design in the 4 European 

cities studies in the project (Barcelona, London, Malmö and Utrecht). The AGORA partners will also study 

the transferability and applicability of this best practice model among the 4 studies European cities and 

then to other European cities. AGORA will also develop design proposals that will illustrate how the 

research methodology can be responsive to the specific needs of individual cities across Europe and can 

contribute to improving the quality of urban life in Europe. AGORA -CITIES FOR PEOPLE -seeks to 

address issues of the contemporary city-state, to reconfigure and promote a new genius loci. To propose 

an urban model of development that is not one of dysfunction, rupture and cataclysmic change, but subtle 

(soft), incremental, positive and dignified transformation, where the power of place can still prevail; and 

within which the citizens are empowered, informed, and sustained in their dynamic and increasingly 

virtual orientated environment. 

Scientific Objectives and Approach 

METHODOLOGY, to develop: a research methodology for analysing the relationship between urban form 

and urban functioning. By urban form we mean the spatial and physical make-up or urban centres, as 

affected by planning, design and policy decisions. By urban functioning we mean the social and economic 

life or urban centres as represented by quality of life indicators including patterns of human activity, 

economic transaction, land-use, land value, anti-social behaviour and safety. 

AGORA will define and establish a common audit methodology through collaborative working, by defining 

and identifying the following components: 

• Capital Route -the geographical area for study in each European City representing a micro-cosmos of 

the city, which will enable the gathering of comparable local data. 

• A common Technology Platform that will build on existing 'space syntax' methods to analyse spatial 

activity using graph-representational and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies to 

provide a common framework to store, represent and analyse physical and functional data. 

• Urban design components -identification, investigation and cataloguing of the urban components in 

relation to human activity and perception through quantitative and qualitative analysis. 

• A communication platform and tool, Urban Design Interface, to exhibit, share and publicise all the 

research findings and to capture and reflect feedback from the end-users. 

• The four main objectives of the AGORA Cities for People project are, via a EUROPE AUDIT 

AGORA will implement the audit methodology by establishing and Urban Design Observatory (UDO) in 

each European city for study (i.e. Barcelona, London, Malmo and Utrecht); the vehicle for the gathering, 

analysing and discussion of research data; (and the disseminator of information for user participation 

through the Urban Design Interface) . 

AGORA will study the designated Capital Routes in each city, how these routes function and how they 

are currently being used by gathering socio-economic data on them. This will include ethnographic 

analysis and the participation of end-users. 

Gathering local data at the established UDOs, investigating how space and movement interact with other 

characteristics of the urban environment, building computer models and analysis (by using the 

Technology Platform -space syntax); 

AGORA also aims to develop a better understanding of the end-user perspective, through the 

participation of stakeholders' including urban designers, local government agents and, ultimately, 

members of the public. 

A best practice model. AGORA is proposing collaborative working to develop and test a pan-European 

methodology to analyse the use of space in European urban spaces and to identify a best practice model 

for urban planning and design in the 4 European cities studied in the project (Barcelona, London Malmo 

and Utrecht). The AGORA partners will also study the transferability and applicability of this best practice 

model among the 4 studied European cities to other European cities. By embracing the notion of the city 

and its relationships to human activity, and placing the citizen at the centre of this process, it will seek to


harness the dynamic forces impacting on city centres and develop proactive models which can contribute 

to long term sustainability. 

• Citizen intervention. AGORA will also recognise the role of the citizen to contribute, expand and 

evolve a symbiotic relationship towards the sustenance of the city -to enrich its culture and participate 

in its governance, and as stakeholders, to maintain the city's vitality for future generations. 

• Urban Planning Qualitv of urban life. AGORA will research the effects of urban planning and design 

decisions on every day life in urban centres. 

• Space syntax technology. AGORA will use space syntax methodologies to provide a scientific 

legitimacy to underpin its approach to planning urban spaces, by the use of this an objective 

measurement analysis methodology. AGORA will also further develop space syntax methodologies 

and integrate live data with GIS to model the changes in use of space by citizens in city districts and 

urban corridors. Further it will allow modifications within space, such as the introduction of new 

lighting schemes, to be tested, piloted and modelled within computer environments. The project will 

investigate how space and movement interact with other characteristics of the urban environment. 

• Soft design. AGORA will advance the innovative use of 'soft' design modification strategies to 

improve cityscape and socio-economic utilisation of space. 

Another of the main results of the project will be the development of prototypical design proposals that will 

illustrate how the research methodology can be responsive to the specific needs of individual cities 

across Europe, and how these can contribute to improving the quality of European urban life. 

We also expect AGORA to create a common dialogue and debate among planners, designers and policy 

makers, as well as citizens. (The latter is also very important to create an understanding or each other's 

needs.) If the project methodology is adopted and implemented, we also expect there to be an 

improvement of the quality of social and economic life in city centres. 

Expected Impacts 

Pan-Euroean audit methodology. AGORA will aim to develop and test a unique pan-European audit 

methodology that will contribute to develop a better understanding of the ways in which planning, design. 

Coordinator: 

Michael Matfin Tel: +442075146005 

LIHEC-CSM Fax: +4475146211 

The London Institute Higher Education Corporation E-mail: mike.matfin@linst.ac.uk 

65 Davies Street 

W1K 5DA 

London 


Partcipants: 

Institucio Cultural del CIC, Fundacio Privada, Ample 11-13, 08002 Barcelona, Spain Contact person: Sergio Correa 

HKU, Hogeschool voor de Kunsten Utrecht, Postbus 1520, Lange Viestraat 28, 3500 BM, Utrecht, The Netherlands Contact person: 

Floor Dusseldorp 

SBK, City of Malmoe, City Planning Office, August Palms Platz 1, 205 80 Malmoe, Sweden Contact person: Agneta Hammer 

ULUND, Lunds Universitet, Soelvegatan 24, 221 0 0 Lund, Sweden Contact person: Tomas Wikstroem 

SSx, Space Syntax Limited, 1-19 Torrington Place, WC IE 7HB, London, UK Contact person: T. Slonor


BUGS (Benefits of urban green space) 



Project URL: http://www.vito.be/bugs/ Duration: 36 months 


Cities experience increasing signs of environmental stress, notably in the form of poor air quality, 

excessive noise, and traffic congestion. At the same time, the pace at which land is being consumed by 

urban development in Europe is a major concern. The enhancement of green areas has the potential to 

mitigate the adverse effects of urbanisation in a sustainable way, particularly because there is a broad 

societal support for more green in and around cities. 


The objective of BUGS is to develop a methodology to assess the impact of green space and settlement 

patterns on urban environmental quality (traffic congestion, air quality, noise) and social well-being, and to 

formulate recommendations regarding the use of green space as a design tool in urban planning 

strategies. Particular care will be taken to obtaining feedback from the potential end users and to the 

efficient dissemination of the results. Furthermore, a strategy will be developed to ensure the exploitation 

of the consortium’s expertise after the termination of the project. 

During the first phase, the project pursues a mixture of environmental and socio-economic research 

regarding the impact of green areas on urban environmental quality and social well being, allowing the 

development and testing of specific tools. At the urban/regional scale, the impact of green areas on traffic 

congestion and emissions is modelled, with special attention for cycling walking networks and for 

economy efficiency. Satellite-based maps are used to evaluate accessibility and connectivity of green 

areas. The potential of green space to help shaping compact and polycentric cities is studied, and the 

effect of land use on urban/regional air is simulated. At the smallest scales (street, canyon, parks) 

measurements and model simulations are performed to estimate the effect of vegetation on microclimate, 

air quality, and noise propagation. Furthermore, case studies are performed to assess the impact of 

urban green areas on social well being. A harmonisation workshop is planned to ensure efficient interdisciplinary 

collaboration, and is scheduled to focus the work and ensure the relevance of the results to 

the end-user community. 

During the second phase, tools and methods developed during the first phase by the different partners on 

different urban areas are applied to a common test case (cluster of cities in the Ruhrgebiet, Germany) 

including the entire consortium. The goal of this exercise is to couple the different models and 

methodologies, and to bring the integrated assessment methodology to perfection. Working in a close 

collaboration with the local authorities of the test area and employing participatory planning techniques 

involving local authorities, design guidelines will be formulated regarding the use of green space as an 

urban design tool. Based on the findings of the test case, a scenario will be produced for the efficient 

technical implementation of the integrated assessment methodology, safeguarding its general nature so 

that it can be applied to any city within Europe. Simultaneously, a marketing strategy will be elaborated, 

the goal of which is to define and initiate an organisational structure permitting the exploitation of the 

consortium’s expertise after the termination of the project, offering the methodology as a service to urban 

and regional authorities. 


It is expected that BUGS will increase current knowledge regarding the effect of green space on urban 

environmental and socio-economic quality. The final result will consist of a methodology to assess the 

benefits of urban green space, and a scenario for its effective implementation on European cities after the 

termination of the project. Ultimately, this should contribute to a better quality of life for millions of 

European citizens.


Coordinator 

De Ridder, Koen Tel: +3214336840 

Vito - Vlaamse Instelling Voor Fax: +3214322795 

Technologisch Onderzoek Nv E-mail: koen.deridder@vito.be 

Centre for Remote Sensing http://www.vito.be/bugs/ 

and Atmospheric Processes 

Boeretang 200 

2400 Mol 

Belgium 

Participants 

Aac Centro de Acustica Aplicada, Parque Tecnologico de Alava, C/ Leonardo da Vinci 9, 01510 Alava, Spain, Contact Person: 

Bañuelos, Alberto 

Transport Research Centre, Lisenska 33a, 636 00 Brno, Czech Republic, Contact Person: Mikulik, Josef (Dr) 

The Danish Town Planning Institute, Norregade 36, 1165 Koebenhavn K/Copenhaegen, Denmark, and Contact Person: 

Damsgaard, Ole (Mr) 

Geographisches Institut - Fakultaet der Geowissenschaften, Organisation: Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 

44780 Bochum, Germany Contact Person: Bruse, Michael (Mr) 

Image et Ville, Faculte de Geographie, Organisation: Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg 1 Rue De L’Argonne 3, 67000 

Strasbourg, France, Contact Person: Weber, Christiane (Ms) 

Eurocities Asbl, Square de Meeus 18, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, Contact Person: Parmentier, Catherine (Ms) 

Fachbereich Regional Information, Organisation: Kommunalverband Ruhrgebiet, Kronprinzenstrasse 35, 45128 Essen, Germany, 

Contact Person: Beckroege, Wolfgang


CAST (Process and software tools for analysis and simulation of development of cities into 

the future) 



Project URL: http://www.intesys.co.uk/castpublic/index.htm Duration: 36 months 


Cities of the future are in fact cities of today, but 50 or more years later. Inherent problems of individual 

cities of today are likely to create even bigger problems in the future. However, careful planning of various 

aspects of the development of a city is likely to produce a more sustainable development and a more 

efficient city of the future. To help improve the quality of urban life in the future, a City Analysis Simulation 

Tool (CAST) will be developed. 


CAST will be developed on the basis of principles of complexity and in the domain of virtual reality. The 

complex model of the city will emerge without explicit programming from the interaction of city 

components governed by simple rules applied on a component level, without explicit programming of the 

city model as a whole and without top-down control. 

The benefits of such tool would be wide ranging. A virtual reality model of the city would enable a better 

assessment of the impact of planning applications and the impact of transport, whilst the analysis of the 

configuration of streets, buildings, and street lighting could help with deciding on the measures for safety 

and crime prevention. The same model would be used for analysis of the citywide energy consumption, 

and analysis of all energy and material inputs and outputs. The model will be based on principles of 

complexity, and would enable investigation of highly non-linear future consequences resulting from simple 

changes on individual parts of the city today. As this will be achieved by self-organisation of the model, 

CAST will be unlike any other city simulation tool known today, from which the users will be able to learn 

something new about future development of their cities. 


Once the basic virtual reality model of a city has been developed, CAST will enable the model to simulate 

a scenario of changes over a number of years, showing what the city would be like in the future. The 

simulation of 50 years of the real time would be compressed in the computer model to the timescale of 

minutes. CAST will enable the user to investigate complex interactions between future developments and 

the existing urban environment. The user will be able to go back, make changes in the development 

scenarios, and re-run the simulation. This will enable the users to make right decisions which stimulate 

sustainable development and improved quality of urban life in the future, thus avoiding expensive 

mistakes. 

Coordinator 

Dr Lubo Jankovic Tel: +441214727667 

InteSys Ltd Fax: +441214722101 

Birmingham Research Park E-mail: l.jankovic@e-intesys.com 

Vincent Drive, Edgbaston 

B15 2SQ Birmingham 

United Kingdom


Participants 

ADENE, Agência para a Energía, Estrada de Alfragide, Praceta 1, n°47, 2720-537 Amadora, Portugal Contact person: Carlos 

Nascimento 

Câmara Municipal de Sintra, Largo Dr. Vergilio Horta 2714-501, Sintra, Portugal Contact person: Maria Manuel Albino 

Camara Municipal de Oeiras, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 2784-501 Oeiras, Portugal Contact person: Luís Fernandes 

FIT Consulting SRL, srl, Via dei Calefati, snc, 01028 Orte (VT), Italy Contact person: Massimo Marciani 

Municipality of Cholargos, Pericleous 55, 15561 Cholargos, Greece Contact person: George Tentis 

Phaos Ltd, Kifissias Av. 25, 115 23 Athens, Greece Contact person: Konstantinos Perrakis 

University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Sustainable Cities Research Institute, Ellison Building, 6, North Street East, University of 

Northhumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, , UK Contact person: Bob Evans


CLEANAIR (Increased quality of life for 76 million EU citizens by enhancing air quality in 

urban areas through development of a residential cleaning technology for burning solid 

fuel for domestic use) 


Contract Type: Craft End Date: 30-04-2004 



The European Environment Agency found that 70 to 80 % of 105 European cities surveyed exceeded 

WHO air quality standards. Particulate matter is singled out as the most important pollutant with regards 

to health effects, and in many cities in the EU up to 40 % or more of the emission of particulate matter is 

from domestic use of solid fuels. Mortality rate due to outdoor air pollution is estimated to 0,6 % (low 

estimate) 4 of total annual deaths, making inadequate ambient air quality responsible for 24 240 deaths 

annually in the EU. Extrapolated, the total cost for EU caused by respiratory disease due to inadequate 

ambient air quality is 1,2 billion Euro annually. 

Our project also directly contributes to the Directive on assessment and management of ambient air 

quality (96/62/EEC) which aims to establish the basic principle of a common strategy to define and set 

objectives for ambient air quality, and to the Council Directive relating to limit values for sulphur dioxide, 

nitrogen oxides and particulate matter in ambient air (1999/30/EC). 


The aim of the project is to develop a novel "end of pipe" electrostatic precipitation and oxidation device 

for household solid burning fires and stoves, that exploits a non-thermal plasma produced by electron 

discharge within the reaction chamber. There does not exist a product in today’s market that offers 

cleaning of household combustion. This will be achieved through: 

Scientific characterisation of the internal and external physical and chemical environment. 

To achieve a scientific understanding of the requirements of different fuels and combustion phases in 

relation to the cleaning effect, the maintenance of chimney draft, the corrosive and property degradation 

effects of the smoke gases and the effects of ambient air environment on materials and appliances in the 

device. 

Development of plasma-effect reaction chambers by a novel electrode and chamber design that uses 

conducting polymer chamber walls as one of the electrodes and a sharp metallic spear as the other, and 

an ion fan effect created to compensate for the effective drag that the device creates when installed into 

the chimney flue to achieve 95% cleaning efficiency of Particular Matter (PM) and maintain the chimney 

draft to within 2% of the original, unmodified chimney performance. Development of a high voltage Switch 

Mode Power Supply (SMPS) by a novel approach to high voltage switching technology that enables the 

high voltage unit to create the necessary high voltage for the plasma effect to take place in order to 

achieve 95 % cleaning efficiency of particulate matter with energy consumption of approx. 100 W. 

Encapsulation and insulation of power supply for protection against degradation from smoke gases and 

ambient air environment. 

The principle innovations of the project will be: 

An uniquely cost effective, air pollution control system for reduction of PM from household combustion 

with a unique miniaturised design for spear and conductive cylinder electrodes and mixing of fresh air and 

combustion gases, and a miniaturised electronic, high voltage Switch Mode Power Supply, SMPS unit. 

The process will be validated on a prototype/pilot basis through two case studies; one representing 

household combustion "end of pipe" air pollution system and one further characterising the wider 

application of the technology, especially the high voltage SMPS unit as component in other products.



Use of electricity for domestic heating will often require new infrastructure in many areas, is expensive 

and is often based on limited energy resources that often are neither renewable nor sustainable. Use of 

smokeless fuels represents low energy efficiency compared to using coal or biomass directly. Clean 

burning ovens are an expensive solution, i.e. cost of buying and installation, and often limited to new 

building and refurbishment. Development of an “end of pipe” technology for residential clean burning of 

coal and biomass would be of great benefit to the EU. 

By solving the problem the consortium aim to capture market in Europe and Worldwide for household 

combustion "end of pipe" system of € 442 mill. creating more than 1300 jobs. This will save heating costs 

for European households with up to 80% and secure continued use of biomass such as wood for 

domestic heating and reduce future demand and dependency on fossil fuels of up to 100 000 ton on a 

yearly basis. It will also reduce incidents of respiratory diseases in urban areas in Europe with 1.2 billion 

Euro on a yearly basis. With a marked penetration of 2 % this cost will be reduced with 9,6 million Euro 

annually . 

The project will also contribute to the reduction of the number of European citizens being exposed to 

inadequate ambient air quality and to the reduction of the 24 240 deaths annually in EU due to 

inadequate ambient air quality. With a marked penetration of 2 %, the number of deaths will be reduced 

with 200 annually. It will also contribute to the reduction of the 1 540 000 cases of respiratory disease 

among European adults and the reduction of 460 000 cases among European children due to inadequate 

ambient air quality. With a marked penetration of 2 % this number will be reduced with 12 320 annually. 

Use of biomass such as wood will contribute to replace other not renewable and sustainable forms of 

energy8, thus substituting the use of 1 ton of fossil fuel (gas or oil) reducing the emission of 2,7 million ton 

of CO2 from a “typical” household annually. 

Coordinator 

Haaland, Arne Thomas Tel: +47-51 60 22 00 

Applied Plasma Physics ASA Fax: +47-51 60 22 01 

Bedriftsveien 25 E-mail: arnet@app.no 

Post box 584 Internet: www.app.no 

N-4305 Sandnes 

NORWAY 

Participants: 

SEREPS, 8 rue René Cassin, Z.I. La Bonde, BP 45, 91302 MASSY Cedex, France. Contact person: Jean-Yves Prissette. 

VUKOV EXTRA a.s., Volgogradská 13/A, 080 01 Presov, Slovakia. Contact person: Tibor Morvay 

CSO TECHNIK LTD, Eden House, Enterprise Way, Edenbridge, Kent TN8 6HF, United Kingdom. Contact person: David Martin 

SCHRØDER-PLAST A/S, Savværksvej 28 Klakring, DK-7130 Juelsminde, Denmark. Contact person: Flemming Christiansen 

B&K KERAMIK & TORNWAREN GmbH, An der Autobahn 35, 68789 St. Leon-Rot, Germany. Contact person: Klaus Keller 

PERA TECHNOLOGY, Technology Center, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire LE13 OPB, United Kingdom. Contact person: Steve 

Bowles 

TEKNOLOGISK INSTITUTT, Akersveien 24C, PB 2608 St. Hanshaugen, N-0131 Oslo. Contact person: Morten Berntsen


ENTRUST (Empowering Neighbourhood through Recourse of Urban Synergies with 

Trades) 



Project URL: http://www.entrust.soc.new.net/ Duration: 26 months 


Many cities face the common challenge of deprived urban neighbourhoods in recession, 

especially sharply in mixed function neighbourhoods where the social problems of 

disadvantaged groups of residents intertwine with the economic difficulties of declining 

businesses. Experience shows, that the general growth trend does not help to solve the 

problem those benefiting from the growth forsake deprived neighbourhoods, increasing the 

segregation further, as their place is taken by even more socially excluded and less 

environmentally conscious. Spending significant amounts of public monies on infrastructure in 

such neighbourhoods, in the absence of a long-term strategy for putting in place inclusive 

structures that can capitalise on these improvements results in a failure to impact on the 

existence of both residents and businesses. When spending ceases the neighbourhoods and 

the quality of life therein quickly decline again and their competitiveness among European cities 

is critically reduced. 


The objectives of ENTRUST are: 

(1) to increase the stakeholders’ awareness of sustainable neighbourhood revitalisation, 

assessed in economic, architectural, environmental, social and cultural terms, all of which 

contribute to the overall quality of life, and 

(2) to empower the stakeholders to jointly engage in neighbourhoods now solely within the remit 

of city management to influence the decision making process. 

ENTRUST approach is: 

(i) to establish a network of research institutions and end users: municipalities, urban 

regeneration enterprises and neighbourhood managers for exchange of emerging experience; 

(ii) to identify (a) indicators for necessity and feasibility of forming and running public private 

partnerships for resolving problems of deprived mixed neighbourhoods, and (b) preconditions 

necessary to successfully initiate the process of partnership formation both respecting national 

and local specificity and defining common European denominators; 

(iii) to assemble the innovative experience of end users emerging in existing participation 

projects in order to identify and integrate best practices in pursuit of positive effect of publicprivate 

partnerships to sustainable neighbourhood development, and 

(iv) to develop an optimised methodology for creating conditions conducive to forming and 

running public-private partnerships which will engage all principal stakeholders from public 

governance bodies to groups of residents and enterprises around the common aim of 

regeneration. 

(iii) to assemble the innovative experience of end users emerging in existing participation 

projects in order to identify and integrate best practices in pursuit of positive effect of publicprivate 

partnerships to sustainable neighbourhood development, and 

(iv) to develop an optimised methodology for creating conditions conducive to forming and 

running public-private partnerships which will engage all principal stakeholders from public


governance bodies to groups of residents and enterprises around the common aim of 

regeneration. 


Various stakeholders will be enabled to form and drive mixed public-private partnerships for 

working together on aims as above by providing them with methodology of partnership creation. 

Such methodology and partnerships created following it will be instrumental in regenerating 

deprived mixed function neighbourhoods, reversing decline and moving towards sustainability 

through decentralised empowerment, increasing competitiveness, improving quality of life and 

enhancing cultural identity. Such partnerships will influence the development of deprived mixed 

function neighbourhoods, taking over parts of the responsibility from public authorities, 

focussing on improvements to quality of life in a holistic and wide ranging manner, emphasising 

sustainability, both for businesses and the communities of which they are part, enacting market 

forces to sizeably contribute to sustainable development of the deprived regressing 

neighbourhoods. 

Coordinator 

Mr. AVNBY Freddy, Tel: + 4533766000 

Director for Research and Development Fax: + 4533766008 

BD KONSULENTER A/S E-mail: byforny@byforny.dk 

R&D Department 

HC Andersens Boulevard 40 

1553 V Copenhagen 

Denmark 

Scientific coordinator: Mr. KULIKAUSKAS Paulius (paulius@bank.dk) 

Administrative coordinator: Ms. MICALEFF Catherine (catherine@cathfilm.com) 

Participants 

KOEBENHAVNS KOMMUNE, OEKONOMIFORVALTNINGEN, KVARTERLOEFTSKEKRETARIATET, Raadhuset, 8. kontor, 1599 

K, København, Denmark, Contact person: Mr. MOGENSEN Dan 

DANISH FOREST AND LANDSCAPE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (DFLRI), Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Hoersholm 

Kongevej 11, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark, Contact person: Mrs. JOERGENSEN Gertrud 

BYFORNYELSE KOEBENHAVN S.M.B.A, HC Andersens Boulevard 40, DK-1553 Copenhagen V, Denmark, Contact person: Mr. 

KLINT Jakob 

DUBLIN CITY COUNCIL, INTEGRATED AREA PLANS UNIT, Liffey House, Tara street 2, Dublin Ireland, Contact person: Mr. 

CAREY Sean 

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND IN MAYNOOTH, DEPARTMENT FOR SOCIOLOGY, Co. Kildare, St Anne’s building, Room 

4, Fourth floor, Ireland, Contact person: Mrs. CORCORAN Mary 

STADTERNEUERUNGS- UND STADTENTWICKLUNGS Gesellschaft HAMBURG, SCHULTERBLATT 26-36, 22765 Hamburg, 

Germany, Contact person: Mr. REINKEN Kurt 

FREIE UND HANSESTADT HAMBURG – BEHOERDE FUER BAU UND VERKEHR (BBV), , ALTER STEINWEG 4, PO BOX D 11 

21 09, 20421 Hamburg, Germany, Contact person: Dr. MAIER WILLFRIED 

VILNIUS OLD TOWN RENEWAL AGENCY,, STIKLIU STR. 4, 2001 Vilnius, Lithuania, Contact person: Mr. RUTKAUSKAS 

Gediminas 

MUNICIPALITY OF Vilnius, CITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT, Gedimino pr.9, 2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, Contact person: Mr. 

DREMA Vilmantas 

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN – INSTITUT FUER SOZIOLOGIE, FG Stadt- und Regionalsoziologie, Franklinstr. 28-29, 

FR 2-5, D-10587 Berlin, Germany, Contact person: MR. WALTHER Uwe-Jens


SENATSVERWALTUNG FUER STADTENTWICKLUNG, Referat IV B Soziale Stadt, Württembergische straße 6, D-10707 Berlin, 

Germany, Contact person: Mrs. SCHUEMER-STRUCKSBERG Monica 

SCOTTISH ENTERPRISE GLASGOW, 50 Waterloo Street, Glasgow, G2 6HQ, United Kingdom, Contact person: Mr. CULLEY Ron 

UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW, Department of Urban Studies, 25 Bute Garden, G12 8RS, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Contact 

person: Mr. YOUNG Raymond 

CAMARA MUNICIPAL DE LISBOA – DIRECÇÃO MUNICIPAL DE REABILITAÇAO URBANA (CML), Rua Alexandra Herculano 25 

r/c, P-1250-008 Lisbon, Portugal, Contact person: Mrs. BARREIS Mafalda 

UNIVERSIDADE INDEPENDENTE – DEPARTAMENTO DE ARQUITECTURA, Avenida Marechal Gomes da Costa, 9, P-1800-255 

Lisbon, Portugal, Contact person: Mr. CORREIA Joao 

REHABILITATION PROJECTS OFFICE, Ministry for Resources and Infrastructure, 210 Republic Street, VLT09 Valatta, Malta, 

Contact person: Mr. BONDIN Ray


EUROCULT21 (Urban Cultural Profiles Exchange Project) 





The Urban Cultural Profiles Exchange project is a thematic network aiming at developing new optimised 

cultural management tools as well as at creating a long-lasting forum where cities can develop and 

exchange best practices, ideas on future plans, policies and scenarios. 

Four main objectives were set for the implementation of the project EUROCULT 21, which will each, be 

dealt with in different stages of our methodology: 

• To promote discussion, identify challenges, exchange best practices and diffuse knowledge 

concerning the current role of culture in urban governance, from city objectives (policy making and 

programmes) to the methodologies (strategic planning or public-private partnerships). 

• To identify new research and funding needs on urban cultural policy in the years to come. 

• To formulate innovative cultural strategies in collaboration with other European cities and University 

centres. 

• To prepare a clear set of recommendations on cultural policy to the European institutions and 

Members States. 

After the thematic network period, cities and academics will maintain this reflection and progress 

dynamics: urban societies are continuously on the move so that urban cultural policies need to be 

monitored and up-dated. The project participants will pass from the status of suppliers to the status of 

users of the project results. 


Four main objectives were set for the implementation of the project EUROCULT21 which will each be 

dealt with in different stages of our methodology: 

• To promote discussion, identify challenges, exchange best practices and diffuse knowledge 

concerning the current role of culture in urban governance, from city objectives (policy making and 

programmes) to the methodologies (strategic planning or public-private partnerships). 

• To identify new research and funding needs on urban cultural policy in the years to come. 

• To formulate innovative cultural strategies in collaboration with other European cities and university 

centres. 

• To prepare a clear set of recommendations on cultural policy to the European institutions and 

Members States. 

After the thematic network period, cities and academics will maintain this reflection and progress 

dynamics: urban societies are continuously on the move so that urban cultural policies need to be 

monitored and up-dated. The project participants will pass from the status of suppliers to the status of 

users of the project results. They will test the new common indicators and they will invite every European 

city, research centre and stakeholders wishing to participate actively in this collective based approach, to 

continue to enhance the debate and make new researches on urban cultural policy. EUROCULT21 will 

focus on three main strands of work: 

I. A two-day training workshop. This two-days training workshop aims to 

• Deepen the knowledge among the partners on the role of culture in urban governance by 

understanding the current implementation and management of the cultural policy at local level 

(history, future challenges, successes and failures). 

• Provide European cities and other reachable territorial communities with comparative urban statistics 

and indicators allowing for the standard evaluation in the years to come of urban cultural policy in 

European cities. 

II. National analysis of potential and organisation of ten assessment workshops:


Following the start workshop, the public authority partners will organise 10 national workshops (one for 

each countries represented in the project). Each workshop will bring together all the partners cities 

involved in the project in the same country as well as a selected list of academics, cultural managers, and 

cultural actors and NGO's. 

The aims of these national workshops are: 

• To identify the future challenges on the role of culture in the urban governance in the21st century. 

• To compare at national level the available information on urban cultural policy (i.e. institutional and 

financial structures, strategies for development, kinds of social and economic consequences, 

functions they have in the urban environment, etc.). 

• To assess the potential barriers and possibilities for adopting the existing cultural indicators and 

methodologies in each participant city or urban area. 

• To make recommendation on future policy and researches to the European Institutions and Member 

States. 

III. Final European Event 

The project will culminate with a major European event that will bring together all the project partners 

together with several European experts and representatives from the European institutions and major 

European associations. The aim of this final event is to debate the result of the project and to produce a 

general set of recommendation and funding requirements. 


The following milestones are being foreseen: 

• A two day training Workshop 

• 10 local workshops 

• A final event 

• 4 editions of a newsletter 

• a web page 

• a final report including a set of research recommendations. 

Coordinator 

Ms Heidi Jakobsen Tel: +3225520861 

EUROCITIES Fax: +3225520889 

Square de Meeus, 18 Email: h.jakobsen@eurocities.be 

B-1050 Brussels 

Belgium 

Participants 

European Urban Studies & Urban Sociology, Bauhaus-University, A Dürer – Str.2, 99421 Weimar, Germany, Contact Person: 

Eckardt, Frank 

Culture & Sport Department, City Antwerp Stadhuis, Grote Markt, 1, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Contact Person: Theus, Carlos 

Institut de Cultura De Barcelona, Palu de la Virreina, La Rambla 99, 08002 Barcelona Spain, Contact Person: Pascual, Jordi 

Birmingham City Council, Victoria Square, UK-B1 1BB Birmingham, UK, Contact Person: Robinson, Jill 

International Relations & European Policies Office Municipality of Bologna, International Relations and Projects Office, Piazza 

Galileo 4, I-40123 Bologna, Italy Contact Person: Martinese, Francesca 

City of Helsinki, Cultural Dept, Bulevardi, 23-27, 00180 Helsinki, Finland, Contact Person: Kajantie, Marianna. 

University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00014 Helsinki, Finland, Contact Person: Jauhiainen, Jussi (Prof) 

Public Arts & International Cult. Affs, Kulturamt Stadt Leipzig, Gerichtsweg, 28, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, Contact Person: 

Marusch-Krohn, Caren. 

City of Rotterdam, Galvanistraat 15, NL-3002 AN Rotterdam, Netherlands, Contact Person: Vliet, Frank 

City of Stockholm, Beridarbansgatan 1-3, box 16113, S-10322 Stockholm, Sweden, Contact Person: Ander, Bo


City of The Hague, PO Box 12652, NL – 2500 DP, The Hague, Netherlands, Contact Person: Van Oel, Hans 

Comune di Venezia, San Polo, Riva del Vin 1098, I – 30125 Venice, Italy, Contact Person: Agnetti, Mattia 

Universita di Venezia, 3246 Dorsoduro, I – 30123 Venice, Italy, Contact Person: Rullani, Enbzo (Prof) 

Cultural Department, City of Hagen, Hochstr 71, D-58095 Hagen, Germany, Contact Person: Hanemann, Ina 

Department of Culture, City of Aarhus, Cfritidis-og Kulturfovaltningen, Vestergade 55, PO Box 619, DK-8100 Aarthus C, Aarthus, 

Denmark, Contact person: Christensen, Ib 

Institute for Cultural Management, Feithstrasse 152, D-58084 Hagen, Germany, Contact Person: Heinze, Thomas (Prof) 

Social and Cultural Dep., City of Athens, 5 Favierou & Mayer Str, EL-10438 Athens, Greece, Contact Person: Vassiliki, Leontari. 

City of Campobasso, Piazza Vittorio Emmanuele, I – 86100 Campobasso, Italy, Contact Person: Carano, Giuliana. 

City of Catania, Palazzo degli Elefanti - Piazza Duomo 3, I – 95100 Catania, Italy, Contact Person: Zinna, Salvatore 

OPS Rue du Vieux Temple 1, F-38000 Grenoble, France Contact Person: Martinese, Cecile 

Gities on Internet, Ul. Krakowska 11a, PL – 33100 Tarnow, Poland, Contact Person: Glomb, K 

Royal School of Library and Information Science, Birketingen 6, DK-2300S Copenhagen, Denmark, Contact Person: Skot-Hansen, 

Dorte 

City of Düsseldorf, Marplatz 1-2, D-40200 Düsseldorf, Germany, Contact Person: Schirge, Marianne. 

City of Gdansk, Nowe Ogrody 8/12, PL – 80803 Gdansk, Poland, Contact Person: Stoppa, Jan 

City of Huelva, Calle Nina, SP-21003 Huelva, Spain, Contact Person: Hernandez, Iola, ENCATC, Vestergade 5, DK-1456 

Copenhagen, Denmark, Contact Person: Schwarz, Isabelle 

City of Jena, ID mbh, Moritz von Rohr Strasse 1a, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Contact Person: Kneisel Michael 

City of Leeds, Civic Hall, The Headrow, LS1 3AD Leeds, UK, Contact Person: Clark, Dinah 

City of Liverpool, Millennium House, Victoria Street, l1 6jh Liverpool, UK, Contact Person: Medlyn, Sally 

City of Malmo, Friisgatan 1 5B, S-21421 Malmo, Sweden, Contact Person: Lindberg, Petra 

Camdem, Town Hall, Judd Street, NW1 1BD London


EUWMC (European urban waste management cluster) 





Waste prevention is a crucial point of sustainability in the city of tomorrow. The Council Directive 

75/442/EEC on waste, 1996, says, that the prevention of generation of waste shall remain the first 

priority, followed by the recovery of waste and finally by safe disposal of waste (hierarchy of principles for 

waste management). Unless joint waste prevention measures are taken on a higher level a growing 

impairment of the environment has to be reckoned with. Negative impacts on the environment are use of 

valuable land for waste disposal purposes, release of harmful substances from landfills and waste 

transports into air, soil and water. These effects will have a long-lasting, direct and indirect influence upon 

the quality of life. 

EUWMC is formed by six inter-related research projects within the 5 th research framework programme, 

which focus on: 

• Waste prevention measures through the enhancement of sustainable consumption and awareness 

raising and implementation of the polluter pays principle. 

• Optimisation of waste recovery and treatment systems. 

• Measuring the technical effectiveness and economic efficiency of such measures through the 

development of waste data description and prediction models. 


The principal objective of EUWMC is to assist cities, in obtaining maximum benefit from the research 

undertaken by the six cluster partners related to the main topics maximisation of the potential synergy 

and intensification of the dissemination: 

• Maximisation of the potential synergy 

1. Critical comparison and consolidation of the preliminary results, in order to better direct future 

research plans and activities towards waste prevention 

2. Identification of other external projects in operation in related areas of waste prevention 

3. Identification of measures for waste prevention which are being considered or already 

successfully used in cities and eco-industrial parks 

• Intensification of the dissemination 

4. Dissemination to a wider audience of these preliminary results and activities 

5. Development and maintenance of an interactive web-site, as a "Thematic Portal" dedicated to 

waste prevention; 

6. Identification of common recommendation for the future EC waste management policy 

Expected results 

The cluster project will generate an exchange of information among socio-economic research and 

technological/scientific research in the field of waste prevention. Providing consolidated recommendations 

produced by 6 research projects concerning waste management planning which are disseminated by 

various means: 

• Workshops and Conferences 

• Evaluation of the results by means of case studies within cluster partner projects 

• Flyers and brochures 

• Interactive Web-site


Coordinator 

Clemens Plöchl Tel: +43152169267 

IC Consulenten GesmbH Fax: +4315216915 

Waste and Pollution management E-mail: c.plöchl@ic-vienna.at 

Kaiserstrasse 45 

Vienna 

Austria 

Participants 

ICLEI European Secretariat GmbH, Eschholzstrasse 86, 79115 Freiburg, Germany Contact person: Wolfgang Teubner 

BRGM, Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minières, 3 Av. Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans, France Contact person: Jacques 

Villeneuve 

GAIA, GAIA Sistemi e Tecnologie per l’Ecosostenibilitá s.r.l, Via Donadei 12/A, 12060 Belevedere Langhe, Italy Contact person: 

Giovanni Papa 

TUD, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Karolinenplatz 5, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany Contact person: Johannes Jager 

TU Dresden, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 13, 01062 Dresden, Germany Contact person: Bernd Bilitewski 

IC Consulenten GesmbH, Kaiserstrasse 45, 1070 Vienna, Austria Contact person: Clemens Plöchl


FUMAPEX (Integrated Systems for Forecasting Urban Meteorology, Air Pollution and 

Population Exposure) 


Contract Type: Shared-cost RTD End Date: 31-10-2005 

Project URL: http://fumapex.dmi.dk Duration: 36 months 


Most of major European conurbations experience severe short-term pollution episodes that are harmful to 

the environment and to human health, especially for children and the elderly. The European Environment 

Agency evaluated that more than 40 million people, living in 115 major urban areas in Europe, are 

exposed to pollutant levels that exceed the reference levels stated by the World Health Organisation. EU 

Air Quality Directives and national regulatory legislation were introduced to abate these adverse effects. 

In order to diminish or prevent critical concentration levels, abatement action (such as traffic reduction) 

should be planned at least one-two days in advance. Often no effective action can be imposed because 

no or only inadequate forecasting models exist. In some European cities, early warning systems like 

Urban Air Quality Information and Forecasting Systems (UAQIFS) are already employed. They need to 

be improved, verified, supplemented by meteorological prediction and population exposure models, and 

then implemented more widely in Europe for providing better protection of human and environmental 

health in cities and urbanised regions with ever-increasing population. 


The quality of the urban air pollution forecast and the UAQIFS critically depend on the mapping of 

emissions, the urban air pollution (UAP) models, and the meteorological data. 

The quality of the meteorological data should be largely enhanced by using downscaled data from 

advanced numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. These different topics, as well as the application 

of population exposure models, have traditionally been treated in distinct scientific and administrative 

communities whose expertise needs to be combined to enhance the possibilities of forecasting air 

pollution episodes in European cities. The main objectives of the project are thus the improvement of 

meteorological forecasts for urban areas, the connection of NWP models to UAP and exposure models, 

the building of improved UAQIFS, and their application in cities in various European climates. 

The necessary steps will evolve in ten separate but inter-linked Work Packages realised by 16 

participants and 6 subcontractors. They represent leading NWP centres, research organisations, and 

organisations responsible for urban air quality, population exposure forecast and control, and local/city 

authorities from ten European countries. 


The main impact of FUMAPEX will be improved, validated, inter-compared, and accessible UAQIFS 

implemented in an increasing number of European cities. Forecast and prevention of the worst air 

pollution episodes in large cities according to air quality directives will lead to an improved quality of 

human life and of the environment. 

Additional impacts are the potential use of improved weather and pollution forecasts for emergency 

management (fires, accidental emissions) and for long-term air quality management (scenario studies, 

emission abatement strategies, sustainable city life). Linking scientists and administrators of different 

specialisation will also lead to speeding-up and innovation in related urban research and application 

addressed by FP5 (e.g. urban climate, sustainable transport, environment, and health).


Coordinator 

Dr Alexander Baklanov Tel: +45 3915 7441 

Danish Meteorological Institute Fax: +45 3915 7460 

Lyngbyvej 100, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark E-mail: alb@dmi.dk 

Participants 

German Weather Service (DWD), PO Boks 100465, D-63004 Offenbach, Germany, Contact Person: Dr Barbara Fay 

Hamburg University (MIHU), Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany, Contact Person: Prof. Michael Schatzmann 

Centro De Estudios Ambientales Del Mediterrano (CEAM), Parque Tecnológico, C/Charles R.Darwin, 14, E-46980 (Paterna) 

Valencia, Spain, Contact Person: Dr Millán M. Millán 

Ecole Centrale de Nantes (ECN), B.P. 92101, F-44321 Nantes Cedex 3, France, Contact Person: Prof. Patrice Mestayer 

Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Sahaajankatu 20E, FIN-00810 Helsinki, Finland, Contact Person: Dr Jaakko Kukkonen 

ARIANET Consulting (ARIANET), via Gilino 9, I-20128 Milano, Italy, Contact Person: Dr Sandro Finardi 

Environmental Protection Agency of Emilia-Romagna Region (ARPA), Vviale Silvani 6, I-40122 Bologna, Italy, Contact Person: Dr 

Marco Deserti 

The Norwegian Meteorological Institute (DNMI), P.O.Box 43, Blindern, N-0313 Oslo, Norway, Contact Persons: Drs Erik Berge & 

Norvald Bjergene 

Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), P.O.Box 100, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway, Contact Person: Dr Leiv Haavard Slordal 

University of Hertfordshire (UH), College Lane, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK, Contact Person: Prof. Ranjeet Sokhi 

INSA CNRS-Universite-INSA de Rouen (CORIA), Av. de l'Université-BP 8, F-76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray cedex, France, 

Contact Person: Prof. Alexis Coppalle 

Finnish National Public Health Institute (KTL), P.O.Box 95, FIN-70701 Kuopio, Finland, Contact Person: Prof. Matti Jantunen 

Environmental Protection Agency of Piedmont (ARPAP), Via della Rocca 49, I-10123 Torino, Italy, Contact Person: Dr Francesco 

Lollobrigida 

Environment Institute - Joint Research Center (JRC EI), EC, Ispra (VA), I-21020, Italy, Contact Person: Dr Andreas Skouloudis 

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), EPFL DGR-LPA, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Contact Persons: Drs Alain 

Clappier & Mathias Rotach


GREENCLUSTER (Clustering of five ongoing research projects on green space in urban 

areas) 





Green open spaces in urban areas are essential for the citizens’ quality of life and urban sustainability. As 

these areas tend to be used as a freely accessible public good, their full value is often under-appreciated, 

which leads to lack of investments and maintenance. Five ongoing EU-funded research projects are 

addressing, from different perspectives, the various functional values of green urban space: the 

economic, social and ecological values. They develop options and criteria for the development and 

maintenance of urban green. Rather than presenting the results of these individual projects to relevant 

stakeholders in a fragmented way, a co-ordinated presentation of the consolidated findings of the five 

projects should enhance their impact. 


As the projects range in their approaches from fundamental to applied and from highly technical to 

primarily participatory and communicative, there is an academic challenge in demonstrating how the 

projects can supplement each other and together be more than the sum of the constituent parts. The 

projects are to be put into a common framework. The accompanying measure will deal with possible 

mutual overlaps, or contradictions. Workshops will bring the partners of the different projects together for 

peer reviews of the methods, the empirical evidence and of the tools and decision support systems 

developed by each project. Mutual exposure to the preliminary findings and to the ways of presenting the 

results is likely to impact on the final phase of each of these 5 projects and to improve the consistency 

and relevance of their outcomes to the outside world. 

The three conferences and two review reports envisaged for this project should also bring to light some 

agreement on future courses of action, both in the applied and in the scientific fields. Hard facts and 

explanations based on sufficient empirical evidence can be distinguished from plausible statements and 

hypotheses needing further research work. 

The first conference will analyse and compare the different approaches taken in the 5 projects and 

inventorize their main findings. This will be published in a first Comparative Review Report. About 6 

months later a second conference will take the review a bit further by discussing the scientific 

achievements in these combined projects on the one hand and the practical toolkits to be derived from 

them on the other. Practitioners from the research sites – the cities - will be invited to take part in this 

conference. This conference will result in a second Comparative Review Report. Towards the end of the 

2-year period we will organise a third conference, which will be open to outside researchers, practitioners 

and policy makers. This is where we undertake a consolidated presentation of our findings. 


More than individual research reports, the activities envisaged in this joint project are expected to reach 

large numbers of people who are responsible for the development and upkeep of public green spaces in 

urban areas all over Europe. Two of the three conferences and the two review reports will mainly have an 

impact in academic circles and relatively few practitioners. The third conference, which will be preceded 

by the formal launching of a mobile exhibition and video, is expected to have a much wider impact. And 

last but not least, the project will establish a website for communicating and debating the results of the 

five partner projects and of their joint activities. This website is expected to outlive the duration of the 

accompanying measure for many years. It shall have links to other relevant websites, e.g. the COST 11 

website and those of professional organisations on urban growth and green space.


Coordinator 

Van Den Berg, Leo (Dr) Tel: +3214336840 

Alterra B.V. Fax: +3214322795 

Droevendaalsesteeg PO Box 47, E-mail: l.m.vandenberg@alterra.wag-ur.nl 

Department Ecology and Society 

NL-6700 AA Wageningen 


Participants 

Centre for Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Processes, Organisation: Vito - Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek 

NV, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium, Contact Person: De Ridder, Koen (Dr) 

Environmental Institute, Organisation: National University of Ireland, Clonskeagh Drive Richveiw, 14 Dublin, Irland, Contact Person: 

Convery, Frank (Pr) 

Passive Solar And Hybrid Systems Programme, Organisation: Centre For Renewable Energy Sources, 19 th Km Marathonos 

Avenue, 190 09 Pikermi, Greece, Contact Person: Nikolopoulou, Maria-Eleni (Dr) 

Interdisciplinary Department of Urban Landscapes, Organisation: Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle Gmbh, Permoserstrasse 

15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, Contact Person: Krönert, Rudolf (Prof. Dr) 

Institut fuer Geographie und Angewandte Geoinformatik, Organisation: University of Salzburg, Hellbrunerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, 

Austria, Contact Person: Breuste, Juergen H. (Prof. Dr)


GREENSPACE (The contribution of urban green-space to quality of life) 



Project URL: http://www.green-space.org Duration: 36 months 


Urban greenspace (parks, country parks, nature reserves, greenways and all landscaped public open 

space) makes an essential contribution to the quality of life. It provides a recreational resource, a peaceful 

retreat from the city, an attractive backdrop to built development, safe and exciting play areas for children 

and a reserve for urban wildlife. Nobody would deny these benefits. However, as a public good, 

greenspace is often taken for granted, both by the municipal authorities that must maintain it, and by the 

public it is intended to benefit. The municipal authorities do not receive any significant income from 

greenspace, but must budget for its maintenance along with other municipal responsibilities such as 

education or roads. Use, for the most part, is not excludable, and so there is a diminished incentive for 

individual members of the public to campaign for the maintenance of greenspace. Consequently, many 

greenspace areas are either neglected or are sustained with low maintenance expenditure in a form that 

risks becoming less relevant to modern lifestyles. 


This research will assess how strategic planning can maximise the contribution that different areas of 

urban greenspace make to the quality of life and the urban environment while minimising user conflicts 

and degradation. 

The scope of the research is interdisciplinary. All members of the research team, but especially the urban 

designers and ecologists, will describe and categorise the existing provision of greenspace in sample 

cities together with the use that is made of it. Environmental economists and sociologists will establish the 

relative importance of greenspace attributes and the combination of greenspace types that maximise 

public welfare. Spatial scientists and visualisation experts will develop three-dimensional models of 

options for the further development of greenspace. They will work closely with the social scientists to 

determine which designs would maximise public utility without compromising (indeed enhancing) the 

function of the city as a place of business and investment. 

The economists will draw on ecological information and qualitative sociological data to produce choice 

experiments. This methodology calls upon respondents to select between, or trade off, sets of 

greenspace types and other attributes that contribute to quality of life. The experiment will be given extra 

reality through the use of visualisation. The results and the visualisation will be tested and refined through 

a process of public participation intended to involve urban citizens in the planning of greenspace provision 

in their home cities. 


The research team is concerned that urban greenspace is at risk of being undervalued in terms of both its 

current and potential contribution to quality of life. Many greenspace areas have suffered from inadequate 

management that, at best, has focused on essential maintenance rather than enhancement, with the 

result that these areas are under-utilised, especially by certain segments of society. Related problems are 

obvious neglect or vandalism. On the other hand, there are many other greenspace areas, which have a 

good level of maintenance and are well used by all social groups and classes. 

An objective is to find out, firstly why there are these differences, and secondly, how the benefits of 

greenspace can be maximised. Improvements could come about through direct enhancement of design, 

strategic planning for different types of greenspace or the establishment of network or corridors between 

different areas. A further objective is to maximise the quality of existing greenspace and to reduce 

tendencies to unsustainable low-density urban sprawl.


The research will engage the public fully through a process of public participation. Active working 

relationships will be established with municipal authorities, both for case studies, and for the exchange of 

ideas that will ensure the relevance and applicability of the research. Networking will be extended to 

municipal authorities, institutions and interested groups throughout Europe. This will include northern and 

southern European states as well as new member states. The applicability of the research will be 

underpinned by a decision support tool or computer model, which can be applied to all cities and adapted 

for local circumstances. 

Coordinator 

Bullock, Craig (Dr) Tel: +35312697988 

Coll, Marian (Dr.) Fax: +35312837009 

Environmental Institute Email:craig.bullock@ucd.ie,marian.coll@ucd.ie 

National University Of Ireland, Dublin http://www.green-space.org 

Clonskeagh Drive Richview 

Dublin14 

Ireland 

Participants 

Macaulay Land Use Research Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH Aberdeen, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Miller, David (Dr) 

Faculty of Design, Organisation: The Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, AB9 2QB Aberdeen, United Kingdom, Contact 

Person: Laing, Richard (Dr) 

School of Management Studies for The Service Sector, Organisation: University of Surrey, Stag Hill, GU2 5XH Guildford, United 

Kingdom Contact Person: Butler, Richard (Prof) 

Chelsea School Research Centre, Organisaton: University of Brighton, Trevin Towers Annex ,Gaudick Road Eastbourne BN20 7SP 

Contact Person: Brighton Neil Ravenscroft (Dr.) 

Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning Organisation: Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB 

Eindhoven, Netherlands, Contact Person: Timmermans, Harry (Prof.) 

Institute for National, Regional and Local Planning, Organisation: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zuerich Eth, Hoenggerberg, 

8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Contact Person: Lange, Eckart (Dr) 

Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology (320), Organisation: Universitaet Hohenheim, Schloss-Westfluegel, 70593 Stuttgart, 

Germany, Contact Person: Bocker, Reinhard (Prof.)


HOMESERVICES (Benchmarking sustainable services for the housing sector in the city of 

tomorrow) 





The proposed project focuses on studying how to save environmental resources by replacing products 

with services that fulfil the same needs of the consumer. Previous studies show that consumers must be 

able to use such services (e.g. car sharing) as conveniently as products owned by themselves. Therefore 

the project concentrates on the conditions necessary for providing these services directly at the home of 

the client or nearby. Studies in this field show that co-operative marketing strategies of the housing sector 

and service providers must be applied in order to develop convenient and cost-efficient eco-services to 

the consumer. 

Therefore, the principal actors in this field are the: 

l. Housing sector; 

2. Service providers and; 

3. The users themselves, mostly tenants. 


The main objective of this project is to stimulate the introduction of sustainable services, which are 

provided directly at the house of the client. These services are called homeservices in this project. 

The HOMESERVICES project is focused on 

1. describing the present situation of technical, social, knowledge or mobility-oriented services in their 

broadest sense, (i.e. services relating to mobility (carsharing), energy (heating, hot water), washing, 

repair, maintenance and renting services as well as technical, information and social services, mainly 

for mothers, sick, disabled and elderly persons), which are or may be provided directly at home by the 

housing sector or any other institution, 

2. analysing the environmental, economic and social effects of these services and their potential for 

sustainability, 

3. analysing the tenants attitudes towards these services and how they influence demand, acceptance 

or refusal of forms of joint use and of advanced services, 

4. evaluating representative housing pilot projects in the participating cities in order to analyse which 

factors facilitate or hinder the development of innovative buildings with a broad set of services, with a 

focus on interviews with architects and housing companies, 

5. analysing the potential ecoservices, like existing and proposed forms of joint use, eco- and personal 

services, their obstacles and promoting factors, 

6. benchmarking the housing sector and other suppliers as providers of services, based on the balanced 

scorecard approach, 

7. comparing 12 European cities, which are partially implementing Local Agenda 21 projects, 

8. developing an ideal scenario, elaborating proposals for the creation of adequate legal and other 

positive framework conditions, focusing on better living conditions, especially for elderly people and 

families, as well as on reducing the environmental impact of human activities, 

9. creating a service catalogue in print and on the web and carrying out workshops with possible 

providers and other actors (consumers, authorities, architects, etc.) in order to guarantee the 

dissemination of results and the start up of a network. 


We assume that a market for services directed towards households and individuals exists, but that it has 

to be accessed through innovative concepts. Due to the proximity to the tenants, the housing sector may 

play a key role in promoting sustainable patterns of technical, knowledge- or mobility-oriented and 

personal services by 

• initiating these services,


• offering these services in co-operation with small and medium-size service providers and 

• creating the structural framework for offering these services. 

Coordinator 

Jasch, Christine (Dr) Tel: +4315872189 

Institut Für Ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung Fax: +4315870971 

Rechte Wienzeile 19/5 Email: info@ioew.at 

1040 Vienna 

Austria 

Participants 

NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY, Estrada do Paco do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 

LISBOA, PORTUGAL, Contact Person: Trindade, Paula 

IZT INSTITUT FUER ZUKUNFTSSTUDIEN UND TECHNOLOGIEBEWERTUNG GMBH, Schopenhauerstr. 26, 14129 BERLIN, 

GERMANY, Contact Person:Scharp, Michael (Dr) 

HELSINKI SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS: DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT, Runeberginkatu 14-16, Postbox 1210, 00100 

HELSINKI, FINLAND, Contact Person: Halme, Minna (Professor) 

PROSPEKTIKER, S.A. - INSTITUTO EUROPEO DE PROSPECTIVA Y ESTRATEGIA, 3 Don Leandro Kalea 3, Villa Teresita , P.O. 

Box 198, 20800 ZARAUTZ, SPAIN Contact Person: Velte, Daniela 

IVAM - INTERFACULTAIRE VAKGROEP MILIEUKUNDE UVA B.V., Plantage Muidergracht 14, P.O.Box 18180, 1001 ZB 

AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS , Contact Person: Kortman, Jaap


INDICATORS FOR SOCIAL URBAN SUSTAINABILITY (Formal indicators of social 

urban sustainability) 


Contract Type: Exploratory Awards End Date: 14-05-2001 



The relationships between the form of urban public space and the kind and quality of human social 

activities within that space have been investigated and deepened during the last forty years. The outcome 

of these studies is a set of spatial/formal components, supposed to affect and foster the strength of local 

social networks. Scope of the research is a systematic comparison between "samples" of real urban 

fabrics and cities, selected for their different historical origins and cultural contexts, through a 

measurement based on the use of formal indicators. 


• to provide a larger empirical basis for a wider awareness of the linkage between the form of cities and 

the social behaviours; 

• to provide a set of technological tools fit for the practical gathering and processing of data on the form 

of urban public space. 


Coordinator 

Baldini, Ugo Tel: 

Cooperativa Architetti E Ingegneri Fax: 

Reggio Emilia - Urbanistica E-mail: 

Via Reverberi 2 

42100 Reggio Emilia 

Italy 

Participants 

Yuse GSO Object Vision Bv Zijlweg, 156 2015 Bj Haarlem Netherlands Contact Person: Hilferink, Maarten


INERWASTE (Development of a new wastes inerting technique for landfilling or 

valorisation) 






Objectives: The elimination of dangerous industrial and municipal wastes is one of the main 

environmental problems to overcome in the next decades. Current waste stabilisation technologies 

consist in the incorporation of wastes into a cement matrix, but some important problems are still 

remaining in current technologies. These project aims at overcoming the limits of current stabilisation 

technologies through the improvement of a mineral binder based on a new combination of a hydrated 

calcium trisulfoaluminate phase and hydrated ferritic phase. This new stabilisation technology will be 

designed especially to the treatment of several heavy metals rich wastes (polluted oils, thermal processes 

wastes) that are very relevant for the industrial activity of involved SMEs. 

Work description: Through the improvement of binder formulation, INERWASTE objective, are 

more particularly: 

• To increase the incorporation ratio of wastes in the cement matrix (quantified objective to increase 

this ratio from 20% to 40%.) 

• To improve the safety of stabilised wastes by the suppression of setting problems, a better retention 

of pollutants, and a better durability (to optimise the physico-chemical interactions between the 

mineral binder and wastes.) 

• To improve mechanical properties of stabilised wastes (to explore some valorisation possibilities for 

stabilised wastes) 

In this purpose, the technical work will be divided into 6 workpackages: 

WP1: Industrial specifications 

WP2: Development of the new binde 

WP3: Laboratory scale validation 

WP4: Industrial validation on contaminated soil 

WP5. Industrial validation on thermal processes residues 

WP6: Management of the project 


The direct impact for industrial partners is that this new stabilisation technology is expected to reduce the 

toxicity of wastes that couls therefore be stored in non-toxic landfills. This is expected to reduce storage 

costs by a factor 2. Another direct result is a new stabilisation technology for the remediation of 

contaminated soil, what represents a very big market opportunity for SMEs from Eastern European 

countries, where soil contamination by industrial waste is dramatic. 

Coordinator 

Basuyau, Vincent (M.) Tel: +33149620123 

YPREMA Fax: +33145932574 

7 rue Condorcet E-mail: info@yprema.com 

94437 - Chennevieres Sur Marne Internet: www.yprema.com 

France


Participants 

GEOtest Brno, a.s., Smahova 112, 659 01 BRNO, Czech Republic Contact person : Lubomir Prochazka 

GEOtest Bratislava, s.r.o., Vlcie hrdlo 0, 820 03 Bratislava 23, Slovakia Contact person : Martin Mikita 

PROTE-Jerzy Slusarczyk, Wieniawskiego St 5/9, 61-712 Poznan, Poland Contact person: Jerzy Slusarczy 

PESCALE SPA, Localita’ll Pioppo, 42014 Castellarano, Italy Contact person: Angelo Toschi 

LERM, Laboratoires D’etudes et de recherche sue les matériaux, 23 rue de la Madelaine, 13631 Arles, France Contact person: 

Jean-Pierre Jacquet 

CEREGE, Université Aix-Marseille III/C.N.R.S., Europôle Méditerranéen de l’Arbois, 13545 Aix en Provence, France, Contact 

person: Jacques Bourdon


LCA-IWM (The Use of Life Cycle Assessment Tools for the Development of Integrated 

Waste Management Strategies for Cities and Regions with Rapid Growing Economies) 





The review of the results of the EU 5th Action Programme show that despite much progress in the waste 

management waste quantities throughout the European Union are increasing (EEA, 2000). The problem 

of waste strikes strongest the large cities, especially their highly populated zones where the opportunities 

for waste minimisation through e.g. home composting of bio-fraction are limited and the lack of free space 

significantly restricts the waste management infrastructure. Poorly planed waste management system can 

cause a serious nuisance for a city dwellers. 

A large discrepancy among the EU Member States and regions as for the implementation of waste policy 

can be observed. For instance, in the northern countries on average 20% of waste is collected separately, 

while in the southern only 5%. Some EU Member States (e.g. Germany) have achieved higher recovery 

and recycling rates for packaging wastes than target values, while other countries such as Portugal, 

Greece, France, Spain, appear not to be making as much progress. Yet, even more difficult situation in 

waste management exists in the EU Accession States. These countries undergo currently in the process 

of harmonisation of their national environmental laws in the EU policy. In the nearest years they need to 

fulfil a number of requirements to adjust to the European standard. One of the primary tasks is to develop 

waste management plans at the local, regional as well as the national level, which in countries like Poland 

is planned for the period 2002-2010 (MOS 2000). The other, more difficult task is their implementation (in 

Poland 50% municipalities by the year 2010, (MOS 2000)). Large cities are confronted here with the most 

difficult problem, due to their infrastructure, demographic, social complexity. 

Addressing the above outlined needs the main objective of the proposed research project is to develop 

tools to support (i) planning of new and (ii) optimisation of existing waste management systems in the 

European cities. The primary application areas are the regions with fast growing economies, which are (i) 

EU Accession Countries and (ii) countries like Greece, Spain and Portugal, etc. These countries undergo 

currently a rapid economic development, resulting in significant increase of waste quantities, while their 

waste management systems still require much effort to be adjusted their to the European state-of-the-art. 

However, the proposed decision supporting tools can be as well used in any other European region, for 

the purpose of waste management optimisation and/or benchmarking. 


1) Waste Prognostic model 

Current problem: Common mistake occurring in the process waste management planning is inaccurate 

estimation of future waste generation trends. As a result waste processing facilities (such as incineration 

or composting plants) with overestimated size and capacity have been constructed across the EU. 

Unforeseen in a planning phase reduction of quantities of municipal waste and changes in their 

composition resulted in many facilities utilising only partly their constructed capacity and thus operating at 

very high economic costs. Especially in the targeted regions data about waste generation characteristics 

is lacking. Full waste analysis is expensive and takes a long time. 

Proposed solution: Developing a practical software tool for waste management planners to model and 

predict changes in waste generation (quantity and composition) along with other developments taking 

place in cities and regions with rapidly growing economies (e.g. demographic change, socio-economic 

developments, technological developments). Benefit of such a model will be more precise planning of 

waste management systems, and individual waste treatment/disposal facilities, and thus their better 

performance in both ecological and economic terms. 

2) Criteria and quantitative indicators enabling assessment of the environmental, economic and 

social performance of integrated waste management strategies. 

Current problem: Implementation of the EU Waste policy can be achieved in many ways. The national 

experiences show that some of the solutions can be more efficient and sustainable than the others 

(Coopers & Lybrand 1996). Modern Waste Management presents a high level of complexity, thus 

selection of a better waste management scenario requires many aspects (environmental, economic and


social) to be considered. There is a need to develop a comprehensive assessment method, which 

enables to identify the optimum waste management option for a specific situation. 

Proposed solution: To develop a set of qualitative sustainability criteria along with quantitative impact 

indicators for waste management assessment. Three kinds of aspects of sustainability will be addressed: 

environmental, economic and social. The criteria will provide a conceptual assessment framework, the 

indicators will allow for the quantitative assessment and benchmarking of alternative Waste Management 

options. The developed criteria and indicators will adhere to the principles of Integrated Waste 

Management (IWM) and thus optimise the way of EU waste policy implementation. The goal of IWM is to 

effectively manage waste through resource conservation, optimising the use of treatment technology and 

limiting disposal. The developed assessment method will be based on a life cycle assessment (LCA) 

approach i.e. the borders of assessment will be extended to account for all relevant aspect resulting from 

a waste management system. LCA assesses the use of resources and the release of emissions to air, 

water and land, and the generation of useful products from waste and from the moment when waste is 

generated until its final disposal take place. The developed methodology will provide a monitoring tool for 

an existing system and benchmarking against other. Moreover if accompanied by the LCI modelling 

software tool, with the extensive data on the environmental aspects (emissions, resources use etc) it will 

provide a practical tool for waste management planning and optimisation. 

The sustainability criteria and indicators will reflect the objective of the evaluation, will be science-based 

and will be applicable. It is believed that the application of LCA methodology can improve credibility of a 

standard waste management impact assessment. LCA results can be communicated to the public and 

through providing scientific evidence improve understanding and acceptance for waste management 

facilities. A software application will be developed to compute the sustainability indicators. It will contain 

additionally an optimisation module. This decision supporting tool, will be based on a multi-variable 

optimisation approach considering and will be capable of determining the optimal waste management 

scenario based on the environmental, economical and social input information. 

3) Optimal waste management scenarios for the selected cities from fast growing European 

regions (from Spain, Poland, Lithuania, Slovakia, Greece 1 ) 

The developed methodology and tools will be applied for waste management planning in the selected 

cities from the rapid growing regions. Optimal waste management scenarios for these cities will be 

identified. The selected cities come from various European regions and climate zones, and thus also the 

waste composition and quantities vary. The size of cities ranges from less the 100 thousand to over 4 

million inhabitants, however all of them are important municipalities in the respective countries. The scale 

of waste management problems in selected cities is varied. In Polish, Slovak and Lithuanian cities waste 

management plans do not exist yet. Waste is only landfilled there. In the selected Greek city, there is a 

need to develop a new waste management plan. Whilst in the Spanish cities, revision and optimisation is 

needed due to problems with implementation and too ambitious objectives of the current waste 

management plan. All the selected municipalities have shown strong interest in participation in the project 

and project deliverables (confirmed by letters of intent). 


The objective of the proposed project is to develop support tools for waste management planning and 

monitoring. It is believed that the waste generation prognostic model will be a useful tool to plan waste 

management systems with appropriate capacity and thus functioning efficiently in both environmental and 

economic terms. Another project deliverable, sustainability criteria and indicators with optimisation tool 

will allow for optimisation of the waste management system at the planning phase and thus minimise its 

negative impacts. This systematic approach to waste management planning will ensure better 

environmental and life quality for the future for the targeted regions and in consequence for the whole 

Europe. 

The targeted End-Users of this project are various actors involved in waste management planning and 

monitoring: (i) primarily, in the cities and regions with fast growing economies (for planning, assessment 

and optimisation) (ii) secondly, in any other European regions (for monitoring, benchmarking and 

optimisation). 

Adequate waste management plans are prerequisite of an efficiently functioning waste management 

systems. (Council Resolution 97/C 76/01). Therefore, one of the primary objectives of the 5th EAP was to 

develop waste management plans at the national and local level. The review of the results of the EU 5th 

Action Programme shows that despite much progress in the waste management the objectives were not 

achieved. A need for developing sound waste management practise across Europe, which promotes 

1 Names of the cities are not provided for anonymity reasons


waste recovery and recycling has been reaffirmed, along with the further demand for waste management 

plans at the national and local levels (EEA 2000, 6th EAP). 

This research project addresses the above stated needs for improvement o waste management practice 

across Europe. 

Namely, the targeted End-Users are: 

• Municipalities and local/regional authorities responsible for spatial and waste management planning 

and development in cities, 

• Institutes and Consultancies developing or/and evaluating local waste management plans, 

• Officials and decision-makers that verify the proposed developed strategies for waste management in 

cities and regions. 

For all these end-users the developed tolls will provide an objective, practical and science-based decision 

support. 

Coordinator 

Johannes Jager Tel : +496151163748 

Technische Universitaet Darmstadt Fax: 

Institut WAR E-mail : j.jager@iwar.tu-darmstadt.de 

Petersenstr. 13 

D - 64287 Darmstadt 

Germany 

Participants 

TUD, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Karolinenplatz 5, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany Contact person: Emilia Szpadt 

URV, UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI, Carrer de l’escorxador S/N, 43003 Tarragona, Spain Contact person: Francesc Castells- 

Piqué 

ABF-BOKU, Universität für BodenkulturWien, Nussdorfer Laende 29-31, 3 rd floor, 1190 Vienna, Austria Contact person: Stefan 

Salhofer 

WUT, WROCLAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, ul. Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 WROCLAW, Poland Contact person: 

Krzysztof Bartoszewski 

DUTH, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Administration Building, 691 00, Komotini, Greece Contact person: 

Demetrius Panagiotakopoulos 

Nova Tec, nova Tec s.ár.l. Ingenieur-und Studienbüro für technischen Umweltschutz und Verfahrensoptimierung, rue de Mondorf 

26, 5441 Remerschen, Luxembourg Contact person: Lothar Schanne 

De Straat Milieu-adviseurs, Delftechpark 9, 2600 AG, Delft, The Netherlands Contact person: Clemens Berntsen 

I&U Infrastruktur & Umwelt, Julius-Reiber-Strasse 17, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany Contact person: Gernod Dilewski 

WAMECO S.C. Ryszard Spadt, Szczepaniak W lodzimierz, Malinowa 7, 55-002 Kamieniec Wroclawski, Poland Contact person: 

Wlodzimierz Szczepaniak 

KTU, Kaunas University of Technology, Donelaicio str. 73, 3006 Kaunas, Lithuania Contact person: Gintaras Denafas 

SUBTA, Faculty of Civil Engineering Slovak University of Technology Bratislava, Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovakia 

Contact person: Oskar Cermak


LUDA (Improving the quality of life in large urban distressed areas) 





Most European cities have large urban areas suffering environmental, economical and social distress that 

results in a high level of political pressure to make rapid improvements to the quality of life. Especially in 

the take-off phase of urban rehabilitation, this often leads to an uneconomic use of resources and it 

narrows options for development. It contrasts with the need for far-sighted strategic planning and 

development addressing three main challenges of these areas: their large dimension, the complexity of 

problems and the uncertainty of their future development. LUDA seeks to tackle this challenge by 

providing tools and methods for a more strategic approach towards urban rehabilitation, and by 

supporting cities in initiating and managing such an approach in its early stages. 


The overall goal of the project is to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life in large urban 

distressed areas by providing a systematic strategic planning and development approach with special 

consideration of the take-off phase of rehabilitation processes. The leading question is, how an integrated 

strategic process of sustainable rehabilitation and development for large urban distressed areas with a 

complex set of problems, rather vague development perspectives and high public pressure for rapid 

improvements can be initiated and better managed during its initial stages. 

The project consists of nine work packages which follow a logical progression and which consider both: 

the demands of interdisciplinary research and the practical requirements of municipalities. A 

comprehensive literature review and the collection of documented experiences with rehabilitation 

approaches, a Europe-wide analysis of tools for initiating and managing rehabilitation programmes as 

well as the consideration of the experience of reference cities provide a sound scientific information base 

for practical action. Major issues are systematically described in a respective compendium. From a 

practical viewpoint, case areas in six cities are defined, and their key problems are described. Based on 

this, the take-off phases of urban rehabilitation in the case areas are scientifically supported and 

analysed. Rehabilitation strategies are developed. Respective tools and methods are further developed. 

Conclusions provide an input for a checklist on initiating sustainable urban rehabilitation in large urban 

distressed areas and policy papers dealing with key issues as well as for networking and dissemination. 

The project brings together six cities as well as ten research institutions and non-governmental 

organisations from eight different European countries (including an accession state) in an interdisciplinary 

way. Furthermore it provides a platform for a broader discussion with other cities, research institutions 

and civic organisations. Teamwork and permanent information exchange are ensured by establishing 

interactive, interdisciplinary workshops, videoconferences and a net of cities. Mutual exchange and 

networking between cities and research partners are oriented towards establishing learning processes. 


From a scientific perspective LUDA serves to enhance the knowledge about the phenomenon of large 

urban distressed areas. Of particular importance are analytical tools for setting boundaries and defining 

priority action areas, co-operation and participation in distressed areas, and the applicability of methods 

to cope the challenges of such areas. 

From a practical perspective LUDA will provide decision-making aids and consultation about available 

tools, methods and success factors, facilitate a learning process, organise city-networking, formulate policy 

recommendations and support the implementation of key projects that will lead to an improved quality of life 

in large urban distressed areas.


Coordinator 

Mueller, Bernhard (Prof. Dr.) Tel: +493514679210 

Institut fuer oekologische Raumentwicklung e.V. Fax: +433514679240 

Weberplatz 1 E-mail: B.Mueller@ioer.de 

-01217 Dresden 

Germany 

Participants 

Dipartimento di Tecnologie dell'Architettura e Design "Pierluigi Spadolini" - TAeD, Organisation: Università degli Studi di Firenze, 

San Niccolò 89/A, 50125 Florence, Italy Contact Person: Bentivegna, Vincenzo (Prof. Dr.) 

Faculty of Architecture STU, Organisation: Slovak University of Technology, Nàm. Slobody 19, 81245 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact 

Person: Finka, Maros (Prof.) 

Environment and Sustainable Development Research unit School of The Built Environment, Organisation: Napier University, 10 

Colinton Road, EH10 5DT Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Deakin, Mark (Mr.) 

nstitut de Programmation en Architecture et Aménagement, 247 Rue Saint Jacques, 75005 Paris, France, Contact Person: 

Allégret, Jacques (Mr.) 

Research Centre of Urban and Social Planning, Organisation: Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades eTecnologias, Av. Campo 

Grande, 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal, Contact Person: Moutinho, Mário (Prof. Dr.) 

Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et de Sciences Humaines, 20, rue Tholozé 75018 Paris, France, Contact Person: Verpraet, 

Gilles (Mr.) 

School of Construction & Property Management, Organisation: University of Salford, Bridgewater Building, Meadow RoadM7 9NU 

Salford United Kingdom, Contact Person: Curwell, Steve (Mr.) 

Faculty of the Built Environment, Organisation: Dublin Institute of Technology, Bolton Street, D 1 Dublin, Ireland, Contact Person: 

Beattie, Ken (Dr.) 

Department of Geography& Geoinformation, Organisation: University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34 5020 Salzburg, Austria, 

Contact Person: Breuste, Juergen (Prof. Dr.) 

Stadtplanungsamt, Organisation: Landeshauptstadt Dresden, Stadtplanungsamt, 12 00 20, 01001 Dresden, Hamburger Straße 19, 

01067 Dresden, Deutschland, Contact Person: Morszoeck, Jörg (Mr.) 

Assessorato all'Urbanistica, Organisation: Comune di Firenze, Via A. Castagno 3, 50132 Florence, Italy, Contact Person: Biagi, 

Gianni (Dr. Arch.) 

Department of Town Development of the Local Council Bratislava, Organisation: Local Council of Bratislava, 192 Primaciálne 

namestie 1, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia Contact Person: Nemec, Dušan (Mr.) 

Direction de L'urbanisme et du développement, Organisation: Ville de Nancy, Hotel de Ville 1 place Stanislas case officiale 1, 54035 

Nancy, France, Contact Person: Barbillon, Alain (Mr.) 

Departmento de Planeamento Urbanistico, Organisation: Camara Municipal de Lisboa, Edificio Central CML, Campo Grande, 25, 

1749-099 LisboaPortugal, Contact Person: Pires Marinho, João Eduardo (Mr.) 

City Development, Organisation: City of Edinburgh, 1 Cockburn Street, EH1 1ZW, Edingburgh, United Kingdom, Contact Person: 

Shanlin, Charles (Mr.)


MICRODRAINAGE (Development of a cost-effective solution for the safe and definitive 

remediation of the European landfills which present the danger for the leachate to pollute 

the waterbed) 


Contract Type: CRAFT End Date: 31-01-2005 



A study of the European Environment Agency revealed that 120 millions tonnes of waste are yearly 

disposed in landfills, corresponding to 63% of the overall amount of the European solid wastes. Although 

most of European landfills are modern lined sites, equipped with water-proof membranes and leachate 

collection systems, a survey made for the European Commission by the European Topic Centre on 

Waste, based on data available for Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Portugal and Greece indicated that at 

least 13500 European landfills present the danger for the leachate to contaminate the subsoil and the 

waterbed. Leachate pools are randomly positioned within the landfill mineralised content, temporarily 

trapped by low porous clays, concentrating a large variety of hazardous chemicals and dangerous 

contaminants, such as vinyl chloride, nitrates, sulphates and heavy metals (Lead, Chromium, Mercury). 

Several toxicological studies exist on the effect of leachate pollution on human being, animals and plants, 

demonstrating that these substances can cause cancer (carcinogens), birth defects (teratogens) and 

mutations (mutagens). Data available demonstrates that the main European countries have followed-up 

the EC directive; during 2000, considering only France, Germany and Spain, about 1 billion Euro have 

been allocated for the remediation of dangerous sites. Furthermore they are not safe for the operators 

who may come in contact with highly dangerous materials and substances dispersed in the polluted 

ground and in the waste content as well as may face sudden explosions caused by the bio-gas developed 

inside the landfill body which accumulates just below the surface. 

Scientific Objectives and approach 

In order to develop a definitive methodology for landfill remediation the SME partners have fixed the 

following objectives for the outcome of the project: availability of a robotic unit able to be remotelyoperated 

in 1.6 meters internal diameter micro-tunnels, while autonomously performing the feeding and 

drilling operations, setting-up 800 millimetre long SIDRA elements with a diameter of 88.9 millimetres 

(three inch and a half, standard perforation pipes), disposed in raise crowns, with radial direction, and 

angle planned on the radar landfill maps. Each draining line, drilled in the landfill body, have a length up 

to thirty meters, drilled and fitted down in forty-five to ninety minutes, depending on the encountered 

ground. Availability of an autonomous and tele-operable supplying system, to transfer the needed amount 

of SIDRA elements from the main vertical well to the drilling unit, able to interface with the drilling unit and 

carrying a number of pipe elements covering the request of at least a draining line and half, 

corresponding to 45 meters, and two hollow bits. Capability to identify leachate pools located at up to 40 

meters from the landfill bottom, through a 1 meter diameter GPR antenna operated in the micro-tunnels, 

with a resolution better than 1 meter and a single-pass detection rate of at least 85-90%, working with a 

maximum frequency of 200 MHz. Provision of a service for an overall maximum cost ranging between 22 

and 27 Euro/m3 according to the size and features of the landfill, including the clean cover to avoid rain 

water infiltration and therefore any further leaching from out of service or abandoned landfills. 


To launch a new service for landfill remediation estimated in 15 millions Euro per year within two years 

from project completion, leading in the medium term to world wide sales of 275 millions Euro, through 

licenses, with huge impact on sectors dominated by SMEs; to reduce the cost for the remediation of a 

medium sized landfill up to 50% with respect to traditional methods; create secondary market 

opportunities for the automatic drilling unit worth 25 millions Euro/year; create secondary market 

opportunities for the Ground Penetrating Radar worth 8 millions Euro/year;


Coordinator 

Piero Petrucco Tel: +390432838611 

I.C.O.P S.p.A. Fax: +390432838681 

Via Silvio Pellico 2 E-mail: enzo.rizzi@icop.it 

33031 Basiliano 

Italy 

Participants 

TECNIGEST s.r.l. Piazza Badalocchio Sisto Rosa 9/B, 43100 Parma, Italy Contact person: Cesare Melegari 

GETAS PETROGEO s.r.l., Piazza S. Giorgio 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy Contact person: Giuseppe Ghezzi 

SPACE APPLICATIONS SERVICES se/nv, Leuvensesteenweg 325, 1932 Zaventem, Belgium Contact person: Richard Aked 

Intergeo Environmental Technology, Jacob Haringer Str. 8, 5020 Salzburg, Austria Contact person: Heinrich Wallner 

RST Raumfahrt Systemtechnik GmbH, Bahnhofstr. 108, 88682 Salem, Germany Contact person: Angelika Braun 

DAPP, D’appolonia S.p.A., Via San Narazo 19, 16145 Genova, Italy Contact person: Giampaolo Vaccaro 

DIMEC, University of Genoa, Via all’Opera Pia 15A, Genova Italy Contact person: Aldino Ferraro


NEHOM (Evaluating housing and neighbourhood initiatives to improve the quality of life 

of deprived urban neighbourhoods and assessing their transferability across Europe) 



Project URL: http://www.nhh.no/geo/nehom Duration: 36 months 


TSER projects of the 4th Framework programme documented trends of urban deprivation related to 

stigmatised housing neighbourhoods, which are threatening social cohesion, economic viability and thus 

the quality of urban life. Different national/local models of housing policies, planning and management of 

neighbourhood housing have proved to be effective in combating these trends. Comparative analyses of 

innovative models and evaluation of their transferability are, however, lacking. Based on analyses of 

innovative neighbourhood solutions we will provide a handbook/CD-ROM database of national and local 

effective solutions containing guidelines on transferability. The work will be undertaken in close contact 

with participating housing companies, city administrations and resident organisations. 


• To build a database of innovative and effective housing initiatives and neighbourhood practices 

which: Have been developed by local communities, governments and the private sector; Are effective 

in improving the quality of life in deprived urban neighbourhoods, and; Build the capacity and social 

entrepreneurial skills of local residents and actors. 

• To develop guidelines for transferring effective housing initiatives and neighbourhood practices 

between countries and localities; and additionally report on experimental transfer and adaptation of 

concrete initiatives in the NAS partner localities. 

• To identify a toolkit of principles, quantitative and qualitative measures for assessing the relationships 

between housing initiatives and the quality of life in urban neighbourhoods. 

• To provide information for feasible strategies of EU and NAS urban housing policies. 


Through the evaluation of 29 neighbourhood case studies and 8 national reports undertaken by the 

consortium so far, the aims are at creating tools for better management of neighbourhoods and housing 

initiatives in order to improve the quality of life in deprived urban settings, e.g. reduce poverty, provide 

shelter, protect the environment and support economic development. To achieve this the consortium of 9 

academic partners extended with two practitioner NAS partners have established co-operative links with 

national/local networks of public and private housing agencies. 

Coordinator 

Arild Holt-Jensen Tel: +47 55 959383 

University of Bergen Fax:+47 55 959393 

Department of Geography E-mail: arild.holt-jensen@geog.uib.no 

Breiviksveien 40 

5045 Bergen 

Norway 

Participants 

Geographical Research Institute - Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budaorsi Ut 45 H-1112 Budapest Hungary, Contact Person: 

Kovacs, Zoltan (Dr) 

Institut fur Regionalentwicklung und Strukturplanung Flackenstrasse 28-31 D-15537 Erkner Germany, Contact Person: Knorr- 

Siedow, Thomas (Dr) 

Institut d'amenagement Regional Organisation: Universite de Droit d'economie et des Sciences d'aix Marseille 3 Bd Schumann 

13628 Aix en Provence France, Contact Person: Pinson, Daniel (Professor)


Department of Building Production Faculty of Civil Engineering Organisation: Tallinn Technical University Ehitajate Tee 5 19086 

Tallinn Estonia Contact Person: Liias, Roode (Professor) 

Department of Regional Planning Organisation: Royal Institute of Technology Drottning Kristinas väg 30 100 44 Stockholm Sweden 

Contact Person: Cars, Göran (Associate Professor) 

Dipartimento Territorio Organisation: University and Politechnic of Torino Viale Mattioli 39 10125 Torino Italy Contact Person: Fubini, 

Alex (Professor) 

School of Built Environment Organisation: University of Westminster 35 Marylebone Road NW1 5LS London United Kingdom 

Contact Person: Allen, Judith (Principal lecturer) 

Department of Land Economy - Cambridge Research for the Environment Organisation: The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of 

the University of Cambridge 19 Silver Street CB3 9EP Cambridge United Kingdom Contact Person: Morrison, Nicola (Dr) 

Rév 8 - Józefváros Rehabilitation and Urban Development Co. Práter u.22 H-1083 Budapest Hungary Contact Person: Alföldy, 

György (Director) 

Tallinn office of the EKHHL E. Vilde tn. 129-201 12613 Tallinn Estonia Contact Person: Kröönström, Jüri (Director)


NOZONE (An intelligent responsive pollution and odour abatement technology for cooking 

emission extraction systems) 





The problems of removal of odours, particulate and other by-products of the cooking process are 

currently achieved by several technologies including filtration, incineration, carbon absorption, photolysis 

and oxidation. These methods are usually expensive but some have been proven to remove 99% of 

particulate matter (PM), but with less degree of success with the gaseous emissions (Volatile Organic 

Compounds or VOCs) and especially odours. 

Similarly these methods, either use chemical based mediums with short lifespan and the attending 

maintenance cost, or they are based on the use of filters, which tends to clog up with fats and grease, 

thereby becoming a fire hazard. Alternatively they use air-washers, which transfers the problem to waste 

water, which then has to be removed or treated. Apart from air pollution, the emissions from these outlets 

consist of local irritants such as depositions of fat on roofs, cars and the production of odour within the 

urban environment. 

It is now estimated that complaint against odour and emission from industrial catering units stands at 

3300 per annum [4] in the urban local authorities. In addition a significant level of fat and grease is built 

up in the ductwork creating fire hazards Therefore there is a need for a safe, dynamic response (to 

emission input load), multivariable controlled, integrated pollution and odour abatement system that is 

capable of removing 99.5% of PM as well as neutralising more than 90% of VOCs and odours while 

preventing the build up of fat and grease that are potential fire hazard. Say some words on the 

importance of the phenomenon in urban areas. You should justify the positioning of the work into the City 

KA. 


The barrier to effective deployment of ozone against odour and pollution abatement is the inability to 

control the ozone generation mechanism for rapid response to variable and dynamic loads of pollution 

typical of commercial catering environment. 

Therefore a scientific quantification of the interaction of process variables for the ozone production 

process and the factors influencing the mechanism of VOC neutralisation will be undertaken. These 

scientific understanding through close control and monitoring of UV/Ozone characteristics will be 

encapsulated in a multivariable control algorithm that will be used for monitoring the pollution and odour 

abatement system. 

Add that care will be taken to stimulate the use of the new technology in urban areas where the problems 

are more acute. You could refer to the creation of an urban stakeholders group. Care will be taken to 

create awareness for the technology, especially in the urban environment stimulating the uptake of the 

technology as best practice through the appropriate local authorities 


The proposed technology will lead to a state of the art commercial and domestic cooking fume extraction 

system without fat deposits (hence danger of fire) with reduced odour and harmless VOC emissions. This 

will lead to 3% reduction in incidents, injuries and deaths resulting from catering industry fires, while 

generating sales revenue of €424million and 843jobs. 

The outcome of this project will be demonstrated in a commercial kitchen as a demonstrator for project 

dissemination and the partners plan to apply for patents on the thermal accessory design and the material 

recovery system. Who will be the main beneficiaries? When will the new system be marketed? What 

could be its cost compared to competitive technologies? Development of a working industrial unit can be


expected within approximately 9-12 months of the end of the project. Where the consortium forms the 

supply for the entire system supplied and installed through members of the consortium who are currently 

serving the catering industry and by licensing through sponsor companies such as Enodis Europe who 

supplies large chains of catering establishment. 

Coordinator 

Participants 

Tel: 

Fax: 

E-mail: yinka.ogunjimi@pera.com


ORMA (Optimisation of resource use and waste management in an Eco Industrial Park) 





This project ails to design an integrated industrial system for the optimisation of waste treatment and 

energy resource use in an Eco Industrial Park (EIP) with specific reference to a potential EIP in the 

Langhe area (Northern Italy). It is proposed that the EIP will be managed and controlled by an integrated 

information system developed during the project. 


In order to create a new and complex industrial system which maximises the use of resources through 

"closed loops" of materials use, the project objective is to demonstrate the technical feasibility and 

environmental sustainability of an EIP, through the work of 4 SMEs, supported by two academic 

institutions and a research centre, interacting via an integrated network of supporting activities. It will be 

possible to achieve this goal in two different stages in the development of the EIP: 

1. Initially branch offices of existing organisations located outside the Park will be built in the EIP; this 

will be an initial phase to test out the structure and to optimise the resources use. The integrated 

energy and waste management plant will be designed during the development of the project, the EIP 

will be initially an industrial system for services. 

2. In the final improvement phase of the project, after the validation procedures have been completed, 

additional parts of the organisations, plus any new organisations will move into the EIP. This will 

included manufacturing elements of the existing organisations. This will enable the results of the Life 

Cycle Assessment methodology to be established that will optimise the use of resources in the Park 

and minimise the impact. 

This will permit to establish 'a priori' whether the proposed industrial park will truly meet the industrial 

ecology concept by incorporating an environmental friendly choice of materials processes and 

technologies. The work plan for this project includes a preliminary study of existing Eco Industrial Parks, 

an assessment of alternative building materials for the proposed EIP, the use of Life Cycle Assessment 

methodologies to establish the environmental impacts of resource and energy flows related to the 

proposed EIP, the design of alternative technologies for the treatment and integrated management of the 

Park, and an integrated information system allowing communication, control and exchange of information 

within the Park. The European added value and the contribution to the implementation and evolution of 

EU policies will be expressed by validating the transferability of methodologies and technologies 

developed in this project in six existing European EIPs located in Italy, France, England, Denmark and 

Germany. 


Coordinator 

Pizzo, Paolo (Mr.) Tel: +39 0173743001 

Gaia Sistemi E Tecnologie Per L’ecosestenibilita Fax: +39 0173743900 

Via P. Donadei 12/A E-mail: paolo.pizzo@gaiaecosistemi.com 

12060 Belvedere Langhe 

Italy


Participants 

Trama Srl, Via Gabetti 13, 12060 Murazzano, Italy Contact Person: Andrea Sasso 

Gdl, Granta Design Limited, Trumpington Mews 40b High Street, Trumpington, CB2 2LS Cambridge, Uk Contact Person : Patrick 

Coulter 

Arrow Ecology Ltd, 21 Hanistadrut Avenue, 31250 Haifa, Israel Contact Person: Amir Assa 

Mlta Srl, Via Cuneo 31, 10042 Nichelino, Italy Contact Person: Leonardo Grondona 

Smic, Politecnico d Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Contact Person: Bruno De Benedetti 

Uea, University of East Anglia, University Plain, Nr4 7tj, Norwich, UK Contact Person: Jane Powell


OSCAR (Optimised Expert System for Conducting Environmental Assessment of Urban 

Road Traffic) 



Project URL: http://www.eu-oscar.org Duration: 36 months 


This proposal addresses the major problem of road traffic congestion and the resulting air pollution in 

urban areas. The quality of life of the Citizen is expected to diminish in several ways as a result of the 

growth in urban traffic including increased journey times, deterioration in air quality and health of 

vulnerable groups and increased inefficiencies and economic costs affecting industry and business. In 

terms of air quality it is recognised that limit values for NO2 and PM10 will be difficult to meet in European 

urban areas. Current environmental assessment models, however, cannot adequately address complex 

traffic flows and micro-scale dispersion patterns observed in urban streets. This severely limits the ability 

of End Users to identify cost-effective and environmentally sustainable options for impact reduction in 

order to meet EU Air Quality Directives and the associated Daughter Directives. The overall aim of 

OSCAR will be to develop and deliver an optimised Expert System to assess the environmental impact of 

road traffic in terms of traffic flows, emissions and air pollution integrated with the capability of identifying 

suitable impact reduction options. 


In order to meet the overall aim of OSCAR, gaps in NOx, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations and emissions 

datasets will be identified. Methods for improving modelling approaches for the Expert System will be 

examined. In addition to measuring vehicle emissions, ambient concentration datasets will be collected at 

roadside and background sites at Athens, Helsinki, London and Madrid. The consortium will work closely 

with end users to identify their requirements in relation to the Expert System and its applications. The new 

datasets will be integrated into next generation models developed specifically for urban road traffic 

conditions. An optimised user-orientated Expert System will be developed in a modularised architecture. 

Once evaluated, the system will be demonstrated to end users such as city authorities. A particular 

feature of the OSCAR system will be its ability to identify impact reduction options for the user. Through 

the modular architecture other environmental models, such as for noise and vibration, resulting from EU 

funded projects will be integrated into the system. The consortium will work with end users to widely 

disseminate the outcomes of the project on a European wide basis. 


A key deliverable will be the OSCAR Expert System for end users. Through the work programme the 

Consortium will also deliver new datasets of ambient concentrations of NOx, PM10 and PM2.5, exhaust 

emission factors, traffic characteristics and meteorological parameters measured at roadside and 

background sites in four European cities. Development of next generation models for predicting hourly 

levels of street level concentrations will help to advance the state of the art. Through OSCAR, best 

practices and harmonised methodologies for measuring air pollutants, emission factors and traffic 

characteristics in free flowing and congested urban situations will also result. 

Coordinator 

Participants 

Tel: 

Fax: 

E-mail: r.s.sokhi@herts.ac.uk


PAYT (Variable rate pricing based on pay-as-you-throw as a tool of urban waste 

management) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2000-00021 Start date: 01-01-2001 

Contract Type: Research End date: 30-06-2003 

Project URL: http://payt.net Duration: 30 months 


The project addresses the environmental concerns of waste caused pollution and secondary materials 

utilisation, by increasing our knowledge about the effectiveness and suitable design of variable rate 

pricing as a policy option for reducing household discards, particularly those destined for final disposal. 

Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) substitutes for flat rates and is meant to incentivise households to divert an 

increased portion of its discards away from traditional disposal to recycling. Both, waste reduction and 

recycling are priorities of community environmental policy. Implementation has been so far by parts of 

towns and small communities. The focuses of this proposal are large metropolitan areas where different 

framework conditions impact on the feasibility and require other solutions to be applied. 

The project shall allow to create new working relationships between urban centres that have 

experimented with PAYT to interact with cities who indicate that they are considering this scheme, and 

between the research sector and users to insure the issues addressed correspond to user needs. In 

combination with the tools that will be provided to decision makers the project is expected to become a 

catalyst to achieve a breakthrough in sustainable organised waste management schemes based on the 

polluters responsibility to pay for the environmentally benign disposal of their generated waste and 

environmental burden caused. Changes of community behaviour towards avoidance of waste and more 

conscious segregation of different waste materials, fairly charged and cost-covering waste fees and user 

friendly MSW services are following in the causal chain. 


The project is aimed at providing a comprehensive analysis of potentials and pitfalls of PAYT including 

the impacts on citizen and their environment, based on which guidance will be given to policy makers and 

implementing bodies to introduce such system under the specific constraints set by differing 

environments in order to achieve waste reduction. Another objective is to initiate steps towards resolving 

identified gaps and shortfalls in both knowledge and technology for implementing PAYT and thus facilitate 

orientation to providers of services and equipment for designing and developing suitable technical 

solutions. The project also target at organising new pathways providing increased dissemination reach 

and stakeholder collaboration. 

Several types of project participation including city/research organisation pairings and a set of liaison 

participants representing the various stakeholders are the key for this and allow the analysis of the PAYT 

approach to be executed involving various perspectives. Workpackages have been designed to achieve a 

synthesis of scientifically obtained knowledge and statistical and empirical data related to the 

implementation of PAYT in different settings and in contrast to analysed user needs and experience. At 

the outset of the project a comprehensive picture of the drivers, barriers and workable ways related to a 

successful introduction of PAYT in the city environment will be available. Providing these information in 

an appropriate fashion will be a means to guide urban decision makers to create the necessary 

framework and shape the policy in way that general community concerns in the waste management 

sector can be met. The project itself sets a firm basis for the type of co-ordination and collaboration 

between the involved stakeholders needed to achieve this. 

A broader range of methodologies is necessary to obtain the desired information and ensure they reflect 

the concerns and behaviour on the side of the stakeholders. For this purpose practices of scientific 

analysis (literature review, modelling etc.) are performed in combination with empirical research, 

assessment and survey techniques applied on different aspects and stakeholder levels. The importance 

of public participation in environmental decision making will direct the focus of the latter to the 

participating households. Investigations on socio-political factors and econometric considerations, and the


use of their results in an analytical exercise integrating all relevant aspects (i.e. economic, social, political, 

technical, organisational and spatial) determine the strategy to be followed in order to reach the new 

quality of knowledge needed to enhance the effectiveness and acceptance of urban waste management 

measures. 


Deliverables include the analysis of user concerns and needs compiled in a document called "What 

decision makers want to know about PAYT" and the consolidation of corresponding findings of the 

research translated into a guidebook for urban decision-makers and concerned stakeholders. Further, 

several case studies looking at the application in differing cultural and socio-economic settings, a 

proposal of demonstrations and an outlook at the possibilities for innovation and technology transfer for 

providers of services and equipment. 

Impacts expected from this project may therefore take a wide spectrum. With the review of available 

knowledge and experience a comprehensive overview on the state-of-the-art, encountered problems and 

main factors with regard to the implementation of PAYT in European cities will be provided in an early 

stage of the project already. It is setting the basis for a more thorough discussion and consideration of the 

approach in policies, city governance and development, and in future research. 

Moreover, work efforts under this project will induce the transfer of in-depth information from "innovators" 

and lay ground for potential "adopters" of this approach and increase the probability of targeted 

innovation and technology transfer. With the research results we can contrast using a flat rate to pay for 

waste management with variable rate pricing. Moving in this way the state of knowledge forward impact in 

many ways. A new quality of measures leading to the modification of household behaviour, more 

acceptance and efficiency in dealing with MSW may be the consequence. Besides direct social and 

economic benefits that can be derived (e.g. fairness in paying for the service received, recovery of actual 

costs), various advantages for the environment (e.g. saving of landfill space) and life quality of the 

community will be achieved. 

Coordinator 

Bilitewski, Bernd (Professor) Tel: + 49351530021 

Technische Universitaet Dresden Fax: + 49351530022 

Institute for Waste Management E-mail: abfall@rcs.urz.tu-dresden.de 

and Contaminated Sites Treatment 

Pratzschwitzer Str. 15 

01796 Pirna Germany 

Participants 

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Organisation: National University of Ireland, Cork Estern Road 30 Cork Reland 

Contact Person: M.Soc.Sc. Aveen Henry (Mrs.) 

Intecus Gmbh Pohlandstrasse 17, 01309 Weissig – Dresden Germany Contact Person: Jan Reichenbach (Mr.) 

Department of Environmental Economics Organisation: University of Economics Prague Nam. W. Churchilla 4, 130 67 Praha 3, 

Czech Republic Contact: Durcakova, Jaroslava 

Department of Building Ecology Organisation: Institut fuer Oekologische Raumentwicklung E.V, Weberplatz 1, 01217 Weissig – 

Dresden, Germany Contact: Mueller, Bernhard (Professor) 

Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Organisation: Aristoteleio Panepistimio Thessalonikis, 

University Campus, Egnatia Str.54006 Thessalonki, Greece Contact Person: Guiba Tziampiri, Olympia (Professor) 

Political Sciences and Sociology Organisation: Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Trias Fargas 25-27, 08005 Barcelona, Spain Contact 

Person: Bertranpetit, Jaume (Dr)


Danwaste Consult A/S, Kloevermarksvej 70, 2300 Koepenhagen, Denmark Contact Person: Christiansen, Ole Vennicke (Mr) 

Institute for Prospective Technological Studies Organisation: Commission of the European Communities, S/N Isla De La Cartuja 

S/N, World Trade Centre 41092 Sevilla, Spain Contact Person: Cadiou, Jean-Marie (Dr)


PETUS (Practical Evaluation Tools for Urban Sustainability ) 





There is a large amount of research and practical projects being undertaken on sustainability and urban 

infrastructure, however there is a lack of evaluation and dissemination on what are often very good and 

useful projects that could be transferable to other parts of Europe and wider. There is a growing debate 

over conceptual models associated with sustainable development and indicators of sustainability. 

However, making operational such conceptual models through the use of standardised evaluation tools is 

not widely carried out. The project team has worked together for about four years on a COST ACTION 

(C8 Urban Infrastructure and Sustainability), assessing a range of case studies carried out by local 

authorities and other government organisations. This has revealed a lack of proper evaluation, which 

leads to uncertainty over the success of projects and difficulty in assessing their transferability for 

application elsewhere. 


The aim of this study is to provide a framework of practical evaluation tools that can be used to analyse 

sustainability and urban infrastructure projects in order to assess them against a set of standard criteria 

and provide information to assess the potential for transferring them to other areas of Europe and the 

World. PETUS will provide examples of projects that can be used to demonstrate how best public and 

private funds can be spent on sustainable projects to achieve ‘Best Value’. The main benefit of creating 

the evaluation tools within the PETUS project will be to enable projects to be compared to each other to 

assess applicability in various situations in response to different problems. The tools will be applied to a 

range of projects across all aspects of urban infrastructure. They will take into account social, economic 

and environmental factors so that the most suitable project can be selected by end users. The tools will 

be refined and guidance given on their use. The benefit of the study will be to provide public and private 

sector organisations tools and guidance to achieve best value and to help to obtain public satisfaction 

with their environment. The PETUS web-site will provide a central location for all sustainable projects that 

have been evaluated using the tool established during the study. 

It is an important issue as large resources are being spent on projects which could provide very 

interesting and useful guidance for other public and private sector organisations who may want to carry 

out similar urban infrastructure/sustainable works. If the project is not carried out millions of Euro will 

continue to be spent on a range of urban infrastructure/sustainability projects that will remain potentially 

unknown by other potential end users. Also, the need to minimise and manage environmental risks, use 

resources efficiently, improve the built environment and introduce innovative transport strategies will 

require a consistent and comparable approach to urban project evaluation. The benefits gained and 

lessons learnt from one project can be relayed to other similar projects throughout Europe and the World. 

Coordinator 

Phillip Jones Tel : +44 0 2920874078 

University of Wales, Cardiff Fax : +44 0 2920874623 

Welsch school of Architecture E-mail : jonesp@cardiff.ac.uk 

Bute Building, King Edward VII Avenue 

CF10 3NB Cardiff 

United Kingdom


Participants 

Ulg, Université de Liège, Place du 20 Août 7, 4000 Liège Belgium Contact person: Albert Dupagne 

JR-NTS, JOANNEM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Steyrergasse 17 8010 Graz, Austria Contact person: Norbert Plass 

DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelundsvej 1, Building 101A, 2800 Lyngby Denmark Contact person: Morten Elle 

INSA-Lyon, Institit National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, 34 Avenue des Arts-Batiment J.C.A. Coulomb, 69621 Villeurbanne, 

France Contact person: Jean-François JULIEN 

Etukeno Oy, Oppipojantie 17b, 00640 Helsinki, Finland Contact person: Kari Ojala 

Wansdronk Architektuur, W.G. Plein 286 1054 Amsterdam, The Netherlands Contact person: René Wansdronk 

UACG-SOF, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering & Geodesy, 1Chr. Smirnenski Blvd, 1046 Sofia, Bulgaria Contact 

person: Elena Dimitrova


PUB+ (Accessibility to public utility buildings for urban citizens with mobility 

impairments. socio-economic comparative studies) 


Contract Type: AM End Date: 31-03-2004 



The disabled community is gaining lately intense attention in the EU. This appears to be a trend noted by 

its social fairness and stamped by the drive for an equal opportunity society. The problem PUB+ seeks to 

primarily address is “a better understanding and a more radical institutionalisation of concrete policy and 

other measures for the removal of the barriers of the disabled people in the residential environment” 

However, besides being highly welcome in this sense, PUB+ also welcomes an opportunity to sense the 

supporting services and products that will necessarily materialise as long as this above trend gets into 

more concrete shape. 


PUB + addresses the broad topic of the accessibility of public utility buildings to disabled people. The 

project 

• Will depart from a thorough understanding of the current situation and its limitations, which will be 

thoroughly compiled by means of, literature reviews and desk research, as well as intense physical 

interviewing, 

• Will primarily seek to identify the EU and the global best practice and to propose viable strategies for 

its adaptation to the local conditions. 


PUB+ will produce and widely disseminate a practical guide, with clear and technically sound suggestions 

and directions, targeting a gradual enhancement of the living standards of disabled people, with regard to 

their accessibility to their building environment. 

PUB+ will put a great emphasis on awareness-creating actions, looking forward to act as an enabler to 

policy initiatives that may help integrate a well-defined best practice into a more tightly defined 

institutional framework. PUB + will attempt to identify the business implications of buildings that 

demonstrate a friendliness to disabled people, and will seek to interface these opportunities with other 

related activities and products of the consortium. 

Coordinator 

Maria Goreczna; Tel: +48243557715 or 09 

ASM Centrum Badań i Analiz Rynku sp. z o.o. Fax. +4824 3557701 or 03 

Ul.Grunwaldzka 5 www.asm-poland.com.pl; 

99-301 Kutno international@asm-poland.com.pl 

Poland 

Participants 

Business & Project Management, Alexandropoleus str 25, 115 27 ATHENS; GREECE Contact person: Mr Nikos Sakkas 

Centrul de Sociologie Urbana Si Regionala CURS_S.A., Tudor Arghezi, No.21, 70132 BUCHAREST; ROMANIA, Contact Person: 

Mr Daniel Nicolae Chindea 

Institute of Economics AED, Mladost 2, Bl.219-V, VH.1, 1799 SOFIA; BULGARIA, Contact Person: Ms Rossitsa Chobanova 

S.C.&C Spol S R.O., Kloboukova 73, 14800 PRAHA 4 Chodov CZECH REPUBLIC, Contact Person: Ms Irena Bartova


RELIEF (Environmental relief potential of urban action on avoidance and detoxification of 

waste streams through green public procurement) 



Project URL: http://www.iclei.org/ecoprocura/relief/ Duration: 33 months 

Problem to be solved 

Public Procurement in Europe adds up to some 12% of total GNP. It therefore offers a big potential for 

promoting sustainable production, closing material cycles and avoiding waste. For this reason, authorities 

have been developing ”green” procurement practices for more than 20 years. However, despite the 

strategic potential the innovations triggered in the economy still appear to be marginal. A European 

strategy is missing and until now there are no figures for the calculated environmental relief potential of 

green purchasing. 

Without a data basis it is not possible for purchasers to focus on priorities. Therefore they have to make 

decisions on their own on which products are to be purchased green – and which are not. This ends up in 

mere symbolic action much too often. Other hindering factors, such as uncertainty about how to introduce 

green purchasing, and which criteria can be legally applied – a direct result of missing information, 

reinforce this trend. Moreover the political support is often not strong enough for brave decisions, as 

politicians do not know how big the potential of green purchasing really is. And last but not least the legal 

framework for public procurement, which emphasises the free market principals of non-discrimination and 

transparency, is often perceived as limiting the opportunities for green purchasing, although recent 

clarification from the European Commission should remove this concern. 


The project addresses five objectives. The final objective is to develop a strategy for green purchasing in 

Europe, which will be approached as a campaign of cities (5). This is to be complemented by the 

development of a set of policy recommendations addressed to the European level and tools, including 

purchasing guidelines for local authorities for specific product groups, a green purchasing manual for 

local authorities, and a code for the relation of green purchasing to trade rules and internal market 

principles (4). To provide an empirical basis for this the next objectives is to calculate, on a European 

level, environmental relief potentials for different scenarios and to explore procurement tools, which 

trigger product innovation (3). This entails environmental, socio-economic and market analyses, for which 

the appropriate methods have to be developed, based on existing approaches (2). In order to ensure 

relevant calculations, the first objective is to identify product groups with high environmental relief 

potential and with which public authorities can achieve extensive market influence. This is complemented 

by an assessment of current practices and potentials (1). 

The project can roughly be divided into a scientific phase and a more implementation oriented phase. The 

first phase will develop the methods and carry out assessments and calculations, while the latter phase 

will develop, discuss and implement policy recommendations. 

The scientific phase will start with an international survey on national approaches, which is followed by indepth 

surveys on the city partners. The information gathered here – including an analysis of city-inherent 

hurdles - will serve as a reference source, focussing particularly on the most relevant product groups. 

The method development will be started by building consensus on a comprehensive set of environmental 

and economic indicators. On this common basis, three tiers of methods will be adopted with respect to 

green purchasing environmental assessment; socio-economic evaluation and; market conditions 

methods. Once the methods and their fundaments are clear, the scope for the European calculation will 

be prepared in the form of scenarios. In parallel to the calculations, instruments will be explored for 

promoting product innovation through procurement, such as performance contracting or other recent 

schemes. 

The implementation phase will start with the development of draft policy recommendations and tools. 

Recommendations for urban environment policies, product policies and trade and internal market policies 

will be addressed to the European level. Draft European purchasing guidelines for specific product groups


will be addressed to the purchasing communities (mainly cities). A specific tool will be developed in form 

of a ”code of orientation” addressing the legal dilemma of internal market rules which are blind to 

environmental criteria. 

The draft documents will be discussed in multi-stakeholder roundtables and finally a strategy for a “cities 

for green purchasing” campaign will be set up, alongside the development of a manual for green 

purchasing. This will result in the implementation of the project results through the cumulative action of 

cities across Europe. 


The project will improve the current situation on the scientific side by delivering methods, calculations and 

of course urgently needed data. Additionally, Status Reports and Priority Assessments will be published 

for the six partner cities from different parts of Europe. This will be the basis for a wide range of activities 

to follow, some inside but mostly outside the project. 

Within the project, recommendations for European and local policies will be derived. There will be three 

background papers for the European Union, a legal code of orientation and guidelines on 6 product 

groups. All these will be discussed in multi-stakeholder roundtables for consultation and consensus 

building – representing the most concentrated European discussion context known on green purchasing. 

Strategically, joining purchasing power will achieve not only marginal changes but also shifts on the 

supply-side of the market toward sustainability. The project will assist this by developing a “Cities for 

Green Purchasing Campaign”. For this a manual on green purchasing will be written together with an 

ambitious agenda to set the results into action. 

Outside the project, the results on methods and calculations will enable scientists all over Europe to make 

their own surveys on potentials for certain authorities and certain product groups. Local authorities will be 

able to benefit from the experiences of the six participating cities and their status reports. Public 

authorities who are looking for guidance, and in addition private business, will profit from the guidelines, 

which will provide them for the first time with a document applying to the whole European internal market. 

Coordinator 

Christoph Erdmenger Tel : +49 761 368920 

ICLEI European Secretariat Fax : +49761 368 9249 

Eco-Procurement Programme E-mail : christoph.erdmenger@iclei-europe.org 

Eschholzstrasse 86 

79115 Freiburg 

Germany 

Participants 

European Eco Procurement Programme Organisation: Iclei European Secretariat Gmbh - The International Council for Local 

Environmental Initiatives 

Eschholzstrasse 86 79115 Freiburg (In Breisgau) Germany Contact Person Names: Erdmenger, Christoph (Mr); Clement, Simon 

(Mr) 

Institute for Environmental Studies Organisation: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam - Vereniging Voor Christelijk Wetenschappelijk 

Onderwijs 

1115 De Boelelaan 1115 Po Box 7161, 1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Contact Person: Olsthoorn, Xander (Dr) 

Interuniversitaeres Forschungszentrum fuer Technik - Arbeit und Kultur2 Schloegelgasse 2 8010 Graz Austria Contact Person: 

Oehme, Ines (Dr) 

Center for Environmental Studies Angyal Utca 15/B 4, 1094 Budapest Hungary Contact Person: Eri, Vilma (Dr) 

Department of City Development and Informatics Organisation: Miskolc City of County Rank Varoshaz Ter 8, 3525 Miskolc Hungary 

Contact Person: Zoltán Pápai (Mr) 

Icleic Canada - International Council for Local Environment Initiatives Canada 100 Queen Street West M5H 2N2 Toronto 

Canadacontact Person: Alebon, Karen. (Mrs)


ICLEI Asia Pacific Secretariat, Japan Office 1-9-7 Azabudai, Minato-ku 106-0041 TOKYO JAPAN Contact Person: Kishigami, 

Michie (Mrs) 

Environmental Department Organisation: Kolding Kommune Nytorv 11, 6000 Kolding Denmark Contact Person: Damm, Michael 

(Mr) 

Fakultaet Wirtschaftswissenschaften Organisation: Technische Universitaet Dresden Blasewitzer Strasse 84-88, 01037 Dresden 

Germany Contact Person: Günther, Edeltraud (Professor) 

Environment Department Lca Organisation: Dk-Teknik Energi & Miljo, Gladsaxe Moellevej 15, 2860 Soeborg, Denmark Contact 

Person: Schmidt, Anders (Mr) 

Institute for Public Finance and Infrastructure Policy Organisation: Technische Universitaet Wien 11 Karlsgasse 11/2, 1040 Wien 

Austria Contact: Pierrard, Roger (Dr)


RESTATE (Restructuring Large-scale Housing Estates in European Cities: Good Practices 

and New Visions for Sustainable Neighbourhoods and Cities) 



Project URL: http://www.restate.geog.uu.nl Duration: 36 months 


Cities are the dynamos of the European economy, enabling the EU (and potential member states) to 

maintain a strong position in the global economy. When these cities contain large areas that are not faring 

well or, even worse, hinder the economy, it is important to find out how best to change these areas in 

order to remove the dysfunctional characteristics. Large-scale post-war housing estates can be seen as 

problematic areas in many cities all over Europe. Economic decline goes hand in hand with physical and 

social decline in these areas. The focus of this project is on the circumstances in these large post-war 

estates, on policies to counteract negative trends and on activities which stimulate positive developments. 

If the problems of these areas will not be solved they will increasingly hinder cities to function well in an 

economic sense. 

Scientific objectives 

The project has the following objectives: 

1. to identify and to clarify the social and economic changes which have occurred in large post-war 

estates and particularly to identify general and specific factors influencing emerging problems and 

patterns of decline in these areas; 

2. to develop a checklist of items that have proved to be important in successful and less successful 

policy responses with respect to these estates; 

3. to draw conclusions about the potential for cross-national transfer of knowledge and experience and 

for co-operation in strategic planning for these areas and in area and estate management; 

4. to produce a comprehensive handbook in which forward looking scenarios and new visions for large 

post-war estates in Europe will be coupled with examples of evidence based best practice to achieve 

sustainable future development of these areas; 

5. to build an easy to use database for practitioners and researchers containing details of the nature, 

successes and failures of present policies aimed at improving the position of large post-war estates 

and their inhabitants; 

6. to consider whether and how European level policy could contribute to more effective responses to 

problems associated with these estates. Methods used in the research are literature research, 

statistical overviews, interviews, a survey and discussion with urban representatives. 


The study takes a multi-disciplinary and international comparative approach and involves strong 

collaboration between researchers, stakeholders and end-users (policy-makers and politicians). Finding 

out the specific problems of these areas and the causes of problems in each national and urban context 

is the first element in the research project. To find out which policies have been used to counteract these 

problems, how successful they have been and what are the reasons behind this success (or failure), is an 

important aim of the project. Finding “best practices” can eventually lead to more effective policy 

responses for these areas. Since the ten states chosen for comparison exhibit a vast range of 

demographic, socio-economic, cultural and political conditions, the results of the study will contribute to 

responding to the problems at a truly European level (East and West). 

One of the objectives of RESTATE is to produce a comprehensive, evidence based handbook which 

draws on the experience in different European cities and sets out alternative, forward looking scenarios 

and new visions for large-scale post-WWII housing estates in Europe (East and West). This handbook will 

also set out best practices for future sustainable developments of these areas and for effective policy 

implementation. The results can be used by policy makers to find out in which context which measures


have been and can expected to be successful with respect to improving large-scale housing estates in 

cities. 

This research project involves the active participation of national, regional and local representatives, 

responsible for and/or working with policies that affect the estates. They will together form the Council of 

Urban Representatives (CUR). This CUR will be consulted and informed in all-important stages in the 

project. This will be done by meetings, but also by way of an online environment, using targeted 

communication software. In this way optimal feedback and optimal exchange of the results will be 

guaranteed. 

A specified interdisciplinary working model will be jointly created by the partners of the consortium, both 

from the part of the municipalities involved as well as from the research institutes. The main indicators of 

re-urbanisation potentials and obstacles in different European contexts will be defined and comparably 

investigated by means of case studies combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Interdisciplinary 

as well as disciplinary analyses (sociology/demography, architecture/planning, economics, and urban 

ecology) will be undertaken. 

Coordinator 

Prof. Dr. Ronald van Kempen Tel: +31302532243/1399 

Utrecht University Fax: +31302532037 

Faculty of Geographical Sciences Email: R.vanKempen@geog.uu.nl 

P.O. Box 80.115 website: www.restate.geog.uu.nl 

3508 TC Utrecht 


Participants 

Institute for Housing & Urban Research, Uppsala University, Box 785, SE-801 29 GÄVLE Sweden, Contact person: Prof. Roger 

Andersson 

Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Trnovski pristan 2 , p.p., 4717 1127 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Contact person: Dr. 

Barbara Cernic Mali , Dr. Richard Sendi 

Institut des Sciences de l’Homme (ISH), 14, Avenue Berthelot 69363, Lyon cedex 07, France, Contact person: Dr. Nicole 

Commerçon 

Institute for Regional Development and Structural Planning, Flakenstrasse 28, D-15537 Erkner, Germany, Contact person: Dr. 

Thomas Knorr-Siedow 

Faculty of Sociology, Via Bicocca degli Arcimboldi, 8, 20126 Milano, Italy, and Contact person: Dr. Silvia Mugnano, Prof. Francesca 

Zajczyk 

Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, School of Public Policy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, 

Contact person: Prof. Alan Murie 

Universiteit van Amsterdam, AME Amsterdam study centre for the Metropolitan, Environment; Department of Geography and 

Planning, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, NL-1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Sako Musterd Dr. Wim 

Ostendorf, Drs. Manuel Aalbers 

Blekinge Institute of Technology, Department of Spatial planning, Se - 371 79 Karlskrona, Sweden, Contact person: Prof. Eva 

Öresjö 

Universitat de Barcelona, Dpt. De Teoria Econòmica, Avda. Diagonal 696, Despatx 325 (3e planta), 08034 Barcelona, Espana, 

Contact person: Dr. Montserrat Pareja Eastaway 

Metropolitan Research Institute, Lònyay u. 34, H-1093 Budapest, Hungary, Contact person: Dr. Ivan Tosics, Dr. Eva Gerohazi 

Polish Academy of Science, Stanislaw Leszczycki Instytut of Geography and Spatial Organization, Ul. Twarda 51/55, 00-818 

Warszaw, Poland, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Hab. Grzegorz Weclawowicz


RE URBAN MOBIL (Mobilising Re-urbanisation on Condition of Demographic Change) 


Contract Type: RS End Date: 31-10-2005 

Project URL: http://www.re-urban.com Duration: 36 months 


In the consequence of de-industrialisation, sub-urbanisation and demographic change, problems of 

social, physical and environmental destabilisation have become typical for many inner-city residential 

areas, especially in old industrial centres in the EU and the CEES. Therefore, their traditional functions – 

as built cultural heritage on the one hand and crucial material and symbolic link between city centre and 

periphery – are threatened. This destabilisation will further increase social and spatial polarisation 

processes contradicting a sustainable urban development, which is a major EU policy aim. 


Re-urbanisation is meant to be a comprehensive, socially integrative strategy aimed at development of 

the housing and living conditions in the entire core city, in particular its historical residential areas 

adjacent the city centres. While the traditional approach towards urban regeneration and renewal was still 

focussed on urban growth, at present the ongoing demographic changes (low fertility rates, smaller 

households, ageing) have to be considered as a new and decisive determinant. Therefore, reurbanisation 

has to be redefined as a qualitative concept. 

The complexity and interdependencies of urban development require both an interdisciplinary approach 

and linkages between research and practice. 


Main outcomes of the project in scientific and practical terms will be a modified theoretical model and 

methodical approach of re-urbanisation, an ‘Environmental Atlas’ and future scenarios for inner-city 

neighbourhoods, legal and economic instruments as well as tested communication and promotion 

strategies for re-urbanisation, a toolbox applicable in different European contexts, an information and 

monitoring system comprising small-scale data on different issues concerning inner-city areas and an 

international expert team on questions of re-urbanisation. 

The project will contribute to improving the quality of life in inner-city neighbourhoods with respect to 

different age groups, social strata and life styles. It intends to involve local stakeholders, to improve the 

relationships between citizens and local authorities, share know-how on integrated urban development 

strategies, disseminate methods, strategies and result by way of European urban and science networks. 

Moreover, long-term impacts are to be expected: With increasing polarisation between growing and 

declining cities in Europe, many regions will be confronted with problems of demographic and overall 

urban change in future. A further need of transferable knowledge and best practice experiences on how 

to deal with inner city decine under the conditions of demographic change will arise. 

Coordinator 

Karsten Gerkens Tel: +493411235419 

Department for Urban Renewal Fax: +493411235412 

Germany Email: kgerkens@leipzig.de


Participants 

MOL, Department of Urban Planning, Slovenia, Contact person: Karel Pllak 

COBO, Department for International Relations and Projects, Italy, Contact person: Dr. Castore Arrata 

LEON, Department for European Affairs, Contact person: Begona Gonzalo Orden 

UFZ, Germany, Contact person:Dr Sigrun Kabisch 

CUT/ILA, Poland, Contact person: Dr Ewa Heczko-Hylowa 

AINova, Slovakia, Contact person: Erika Horanska 

UL RS, Slovenia, Contact person: Dr Breda Mihelic 

UL FA, Slovenia, Contact person: Prof. Peter Fister, PhD 

UL EF, Slovenia, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Bogomir Kovac 

QMUL, United Kingdom, Contact person: Prof. Philip Ogden 

SHU, United Kingdom, Contact person: Dr. Stephen Hills 

UGN, Contact person: Dr Antonin Vaishar


RUROS (Rediscovering the urban realm and open spaces) 



Project URL: http://alpha.cres.gr/ruros/ Duration: 36 months 


The central aim of this proposal is co produce an urban design tool that provides urban designers, 

planners and other decision makers, with the appropriate means for effectively assessing the 

development of cities, targeting outdoor spaces in the urban context across Europe. By improving urban 

spaces it is possible to revitalise urban spaces and improve quality of life. This will be achieved having 

problem solvers (research institutes and municipalities’ technical representatives) working closely 

together with problem owners (users of open space and city representatives, i.e. municipalities). 


WP1 – Background work: Collect all the background work that will form the basis for the development of 

the proposed urban design tool. Establish close-contact with municipalities, which will be maintained 

throughout the project, in order to have a clear understanding of the needs of different areas. 

WP2 – Field survey: This will present the spine of the proposed research, examining environmental, 

comfort and socio-economic characteristics of the different case study cities. This will begin having: 

identified methodology for monitoring techniques, constructed monitoring equipment, designed 

questionnaires: a) for comfort studies, b) to identify social character of the area. 

WP3 – Technical and socio-economic analysis: The analysis of the field studies will run almost in parallel 

with the field studies, commencing after a set of surveys has been completed. Analysis will be on different 

fronts: microclimate, human comfort (thermal, visual, audible), morphological as well as use of space and 

social character of the different areas. 

WP4 – Development of urban design tool: This includes development of the comfort models for different 

climate contexts, methodology for drawing comfort maps, and design guidelines for the development of 

outdoor spaces, including interventions to the urban context. A list of indicators for the socio-economic 

implications of the development of outdoor spaces, for the area will also be produced. All these will be 

examined in the framework of current national and EU guidelines for the development of outdoor spaces, 

particularly as far as their potential for application is concerned. 

WP5 – Pilot application: Application of urban design tools to the study areas for assessing possible 

actions in the areas, in order to demonstrate the use of models and guidelines for the design of outdoor 

spaces. Further implementation of the design guidelines to the municipalities of Ailmos? Thermi and 

Fribourg. 

WP6 - Evaluation: Evaluation of the pilot study to examine the use of the tool as an effective mean for 

the design of outdoor spaces. 

WP7 – Dissemination & exploitation: Disseminate the work widely, throughout its duration to: potential 

users of the tool, municipalities and other decision makers, the research community and citizens in 

general. 

WP8 – Project management: Provide overall coordination of the project for all WPs, with effective 

communication between individual contractors 


The project aims to produce an urban design tool that provides urban designers, planners and other 

decision makers, with the appropriate mans for effectively assessing the development of cities, targeting


outdoor spaces in the urban context, across Europe. By improving urban spaces it is possible to revitalise 

urban spaces and improve quality of life. This will be achieved having problem solvers (research institutes 

and municipalities’ technical representatives) working closely together with problem owners (users of 

open space and city representatives, i.e. municipalities). 

1. To establish a series of mathematical models for evaluating thermal, visual and audible comfort 

conditions in urban spaces. Rather than a single model applicable throughout Europe, this model will 

take into account the most influential microclimatic parameters for each area, leading to slight 

variations of the same model for different climatic contexts. The relative importance of the thermal, 

visual and acoustic environment will also be identified. 

2. To identify appropriate morphological parameters determining the microclimate of the area and the 

resulting comfort conditions. 

3. To develop a methodology for mapping comfort conditions in the urban context 

4. To develop design guidelines to target the development of open spaces in new areas as well as the 

improvement of existing situations of interventions to the existing urban fabric. The design guidelines 

will have the form of ‘best practice guides’ for municipalities and urban designers adding value to 

current EU policies. 

5. To apply the model and proposed design guidelines at different open spaces to eight cities across 

Europe, at sixteen different study areas. 

6. To implement the model and the respective design guidelines to the three different municipalities 

involved in the project, planning to develop their area. 

7. To identify a series of indicators for evaluating socio-economic implications of development of outdoor 

spaces for the area, applicable across Europe 

Coordinator 

Nikolopoulou, Marialena (Dr) Tel: +302106603300 

Department of Buildings Fax: +302106603301 

Centre for Renewable Energy Sources E-Mail: mnikol@cres.gr 

Marathonos Avenue Km 19th http://alpha.cres.gr/ruros 

190 09 Pikermi - Attiki 

Greece 

Participants 

Institute of Urban And Rural Sociology, Organisation: National Centre For Social Research, Messoghion Avenue 14-18, 115 27 

Athens, Greece, Contact Person: Kovani, Eleni (Dr) 

Municipality of Alimos, Aristotelous Street 53, 17455 Athens, Greece, Contact Person: Vrinios, Christos (Mr) 

Department of Architecture The Martin Centre for Architectural and Urban Studies, Organisation: The Chancellor, Masters and 

Scholars of The University of Cambridge Chaucer, Road 6, CB2 2EB Cambridge, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Steemers, Koen 

(Dr) 

Laboratory of Building Construction and Physics, Department of Civil Engineering - School of Technology, Organisation: Aristoteleio 

Panepistimio Thessalonikis University Campus, 54006 Thessalonki, Greece, Contact Person: Chrissomalidou, Niobe (Dr) 

Municipality of Thermi, Papagou Street 29, 57001 Thermi, Greece, Contact Person: Stathis, Vassilis (Dr) 

Section D'architecture, Organisation: Ecole d'ingenieurs Et D'architectes De Fribourg, Boulevard De Perolles 80 Po Box 32, 1705 

Fribourg, Switzerland, Contact Person: Compagnon, Raphael (Dr) 

Service De L'amenagement Direction De L'edilite, Organisation: Ville De Fribourg, Rue Joseph Piller 7, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, 

Contact Person: Egger, Maurice (Mr) 

School of Architecture, Organisation: University of Sheffield Western Bank, S10 2tn Sheffield, United Kingdom, Contact Person: 

Kang, Jian (Dr) 

Esbensen - Consulting Engineers, Vesterbrogade 124B, 1620 Koebenhavn V, Denmark, Contact Person: Kofoed, Niels-Ulrik (Mr) 

Dipartimento di Disegno Industriale e Tecnologia dell'architettura, Organisation: Politecnico of Milan, Via Edoardo Bonardi 3, 20133 

Milano, Italy, Contact Person: Scudo, Gianni (Dr) 

Fachbereich Stadt- und Landschaftsplanung, Organisation: Universitaet Gesamthochschule Kassel, Henschelstrasse 2, 34127 

Kasse, L Germany, Contact Person: Katzschner, Lutz (Dr)


SAPPHIRE (Source Apportionment of Airborne Particulate Matter and Polycyclic 

Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Regions of Europe ) 


Contract Type: Shared Cost RTD End Date: 30-09-2005 

Project URL: http://www.ges.bham.ac.uk/sapphire/ Duration: 36 months 


Air pollution by both particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) presents a 

significant problem to EU citizens. This is due to their proven adverse impacts on human health, in terms 

of their role in the aetiology of inter alia lung cancer, along with respiratory and cardiovascular disease. 

There are also significant adverse impacts for the economy of the EU as a consequence of air pollutionrelated 

disease, owing to: 

• the additional burden placed on health services; and 

• the number of working days lost. 

Consequently, the EU and its member states are actively legislating for improvements in air quality and 

monitoring to verify progress in this regard, as failure to tackle this issue will negatively impact on the 

social well-being and economic competitiveness of the EU. An integral part of improving air quality is the 

identification (or apportionment) of the principal sources of pollutants, as so doing permits the most 

effective targeting of source control strategies. Currently, the methodology used for source apportionment 

of PM and PAH is somewhat disparate in nature, and is rarely accessible in a format that is both readily 

implementable and relevant to the local city authorities with responsibility for air quality management. As 

a result, there is a need to develop a harmonised approach to source apportionment of PM and PAH to 

meet the needs of local city authorities. 

Scientific Objectives 

The overall objective of SAPPHIRE is to develop and validate a readily transferable common pan- 

European methodological approach to source apportionment of atmospheric PM and PAH that will be 

utilised by city authorities. To do so, a series of campaigns monitoring air pollution at 2 locations in each 

of the following partner cities: Athens, Birmingham, Copenhagen, Helsinki, and Oporto. Data from these 

campaigns will be used to develop and validate the source apportionment methodology. A technical 

report describing clearly the source apportionment protocol will be written, and a user friendly customised 

software package to assist in the data analysis required for source apportionment will be produced. To 

maximise exploitation of SAPPHIRE outputs, the local authorities of partner cities will critically appraise 

and review drafts of both the technical report and software package. 


The principal output of SAPPHIRE will be a harmonised approach to source apportionment of 

atmospheric PM and PAH. City authorities will have access to a technical report and accompanying user 

friendly customised software package (with users manual) for data acquisition and interpretation. Use of 

the approach will allow the sources of atmospheric PM and PAH to be estimated. In turn this will permit 

development of appropriate control strategies aimed at reducing concentrations of PM and PAH, and 

allow the probable impact of the various options for control to be assessed. For example, the effect of 

reducing permitted vehicle or stack emissions, or of local traffic management schemes, or modifying 

industrial processes, could be predicted more reliably. Together with knowledge of the social and 

economic costs of air pollution, proposed control measures could be subjected to cost/benefit 

assessments. 

Coordinator 

Dr. Stuart Harrad, Division of Environmental Health & Tel: +44 121 414 7298 

Management (DEHRM), University of Birmingham, Fax: +44 121 414 3078 

Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK E-mail: s.j.harrad@bham.ac.uk 

Website: http://www.ges.bham.ac.uk/sapphire


Participants 

DEHRM, Public Health Building, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK, contact: Dr. Stuart Harrad 

Environmental Protection Unit, Environmental and Consumer Services, Birmingham City Council, Ladbrooke House, Bordesley 

Street, Birmingham, B5 5BL, UK, contact: Mr. Gavin Tringham 

Atmospheric Science Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, 

Al10 9AB, UK, contact: Prof. Ranjeet Sokhi, 

Departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento, University of Aveiro,Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal, 

contact: Prof. Casimiro Pio, 

Laboratory of Atmospheric Pollution and Pollution Control Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Demokritos 

University of Thrace, Vas Sofia 1., (PROKAT), Xanthi 67100, Greece, contact: Prof. Spyridon Rapsomanikis 

Department of Atmospheric Environment, National Environment Research Institute, PO Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde, 

400, Denmark, contact: Dr. Finn Palmgren 

Air Quality Research, Finnish Meteorogical Institute, Sahaajankatu 20E, Helsinki 00810, Finland, contact: Dr. Jaakko Kukkonen 

Department of Physical Sciences, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, Gustaf Haellstroeminkatu 2, 

Helsinki 00014, Finland, contact: Prof. Markku Kulmala


SELMA (Spatial Deconcentration of economic land use and quality of life in European 

metropolitan areas) 





The dynamics of urban growth present constant challenges to urban quality of life. In recent years urban land 

use change and the constant residential pressure on land consumption at the urban fringe, has been 

increasingly recognised as a major force challenging quality of life in metropolitan areas. EU communications 

and expert opinion place the issue of urban sprawl squarely in the realm of those areas where ‘the social and 

economic mechanisms leading to more land consumption have to be better understood’. SELMA widens this 

interest to include the deconcentration of economic land use (commercial, industrial and service-based) – a 

no less potential challenge to the rational management of European cities. In addition, the proposed project 

integrates this focus with a second area of EU policy interest relating to urban quality of life. While this has 

hitherto focussed on collecting suitable indicators and developing methodologies for reliably capturing this 

concept, SELMA attempts to translate the effects of economic land use deconcentration into quality of life 

outcomes 


The primary goal of SELMA is to design urban planning and management strategies to ensure the 

maintenance of quality of life in European metropolitan areas. The evaluation of these spatial configurations 

will be based on quality of life, socio-economic and environmental dimensions. Two of the main deliverables 

will be a policy analysis and decision makers handbook of best practices and a.taxonomy of forms of 

economic land use deconcentration that can be used for ranking and bench-marking in urban planning and 

management. In order to design and evaluate planning strategies we will develop a land use simulation 

model, which is another major deliverable of SELMA. Rather than build a new land use model ex nihilo, the 

SELMA model will be developed on the basis of an existing modelling platform (UrbanSim). This platform 

has the advantage of a free access to source code, which can be used to adapt and apply the model to 

different urban environments and policy contexts. 

The approach to reach the objectives is as follows: 

• By analysing the relationships between driving forces and the deconcentration of economic land use 

within seven metropolitan areas and seven smaller cities across European countries. 

• By analysing the impacts of these deconcentration processes on three quality of life dimensions (socioeconomic, 

environmental, and resource). 

• By assessing the effectiveness of planning policy responses to the challenges of deconcentration of 

economic land use. 

• By adapting the UrbanSim model to the needs of planners to evaluate urban growth planning strategies. 

• By close cooperation between academics (9 contractors) and a mixture of 10 end-users (local 

authorities, national planning agencies and private companies). 


The expected results are: 

• A common integrative theoretical and methodological framework for the design of planning strategies to 

manage urban growth. 

• A taxonomy of forms of economic land use deconcentration that can be used for ranking and 

benchmarking in urban planning and management. 

• A planning-evaluation simulation tool for urban growth management attuned to the needs of end-users. 

• A best practice guide based on collective experience in dealing with deconcentration of economic land 

use. 

• A policy analysis and decisionmakers handbook evaluating different regulatory frameworks and 

presenting results of the simulation of different policy scenarios. 

These results will lead to the realisation of the stated objectives.


Coordinator 

Dieleman, Frans (Prof.) Tel: +31302533183 

Utrecht University Fax: +31302532037 

Faculty of Geographical Sciences – E-mail: f.dieleman@geog.uu.nl 

Urban Research Centre Utrecht 

Heidelberglaan 2 

3584 CS Utrecht 


Participants 

Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Organisation: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus Campus, 

91905 Jerusalem, Israel, Contact Person: Arie Shachar 

Department of Geography, Research Laboratory of Urban, Social and Tourism Geography, Organisation: Universidad Autonoma de 

Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Contact Person: Valenzuela, Manuel (Dr) 

Dipartimento di Economia E Storia del Territorio, Universita G.d'Annunzio, Chieti, Viale Pindaro 42, 65127 Pescara, Italy, Contact 

Person: Montanari, Armando (Dr) 

Faculty of The Built Environment, Organisation: University of The West of England, Bristol, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, 

BS16 1QY Bristol, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Atkinson, Rob (Dr) 

Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Organisation: Charles University, Faculty of Science, Albertov 6, 128 

43 Prague 2, Czech Republic, Contact Person: Sykora, Ludek (Dr) 

Department of Urban and Regional Planning, DLFRI, Organisation: Danish Centre For Forest, Landscape and Planning, Hoersholm 

Kongevej 11, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark, Contact Person: Hartoft-Nielsen, Peter (Dr) 

Housing and Urban Research Division, Danish Building and Urban Research, Organisation: Danish Building and Urban Research, 

Dr. Neergaards Vej 15, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark, Contact Person: Larsen, Jacob Norvig (Dr) 

Office for Environmental Assessment, Organisation: Rijksinstituut Voor Volksgezondheid & Milieu, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoeklaan 

9, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Contact Person: Kuypers-Linde, Marianne (Dr)


SPECTRA-PERSEUS (Permanent research in spatial development in the context of EU 

enlargement and information society advancement) 


Contract Type: NAS 2 - Accompanying Measure End Date: 31-12-2005 



EU-integration and enlargement processes affect spatial development in the accession countries as well 

as in the member states and the problems of environmental, social, cultural and economic aspects of 

development of European continent and harmonisation of its integration is closely linked to optimisation of 

spatial development. 

These new conditions require new formal and informal instruments with which to guide spatial 

development and research in order to ensure a continual transfer of know-how and international 

cooperation and integration of research capacities. 


The SPECTRA-PERSEUS project provides a framework to enhance the existing activities of the 

SPECTRA centre in the field of incorporation of sustainable spatial development into planning decisions 

by focusing on permanent research into spatial aspects of the development of information society within 

the enlarging Europe. The project aims at: strengthening of integration of the Centre in the European 

research area through intensifying the links with outstanding centres in the EU and NAS and NIS and 

operating in the network of research with all stakeholders in spatial development. 

To achieve the objectives of the project and strong European added value the project includes: 

• Support to networking through intensification of the contacts of the Centre with existing EU and CEE 

partner institutions, coordination of the research, organisation of the conferences, colloquia, 

workshops, summer schools and virtual workshops, study exchanges for young researchers and PhD 

students from EU, NAS and NIS countries, know-how transfer and improvement of the skills of public 

administrators and business people. 

• Increase the scope of the Centre through opening new fields in spatial development research, 

focused on instruments, management and use of IT. 

• Preparation of multilateral R&D projects in twinning with the partner institutions, 

• Intensification of know-how transfer into the planning and governing practice and business, via 

expertise, doctoral and life-long education, with the aim to support social and economic needs of the 

NAS, 

• Improvement of spreading know-how via creation of network of the regional cooperation centres, with 

the aim to support accession process and involvement in the EU programmes, like ISPA, SAPARD 


Higher quality and efficacy of research and sustainable spatial development and increased involvement of 

the NAS and NIS – research centres in European research space, Implementation of Quality Assurance 

System, Public relation development, Establishment of regional cooperation units, Workshops, 

Conferences, Institutional regional network and its linkage to EU networks, Submission of the projects for 

EU grant support, Summer school for young researchers and PhD students, Opening of the projects in 

newly established areas of research. 

Coordinator 

Finka, Maros (Prof.) Tel: +421905 612465 

Slovak University of Technology Fax: +421905 612465 

SPECTRA - CENTRAL EUROPEAN RESEARCH E-mail: finka@fa.stuba.sk 

AND TRAINING CENTRE, FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE 

Nam. Slobdy 19 

812 45 Bratislava 

Slovakia


Participants


SURE (A Time-Oriented model for Sustainable Urban Regeneration) 





SURE has been designed in order to respond to different needs felt by European cities and their citizens, 

especially in urban crisis areas, where the economic and social transformations led to the emergence of 

new social, environmental and specifically urban problems (loss of jobs and rise of unemployment, loss of 

public services, unsafe neighbourhoods, vacant land and abandoned industrial sites, high pollution levels, 

degeneration of public spaces). 

Since those areas are currently facing crucial development choices in redefining their character, SURE 

aims at defining technical and organisational tools to help local governments and local stakeholders in 

designing their development choices. 


From a scientific point of view, SURE will try for the first time to analyse urban regeneration problems in a 

time-space perspective, which means not only using the traditional economic and spatial indicators, but 

trying to enrich the analysis with time related aspects. 

A time related perspective has characterised a number of experimental local policies (namely about 

public services, urban safety and mobility) in Italy over the past decade, but its application to urban 

regeneration problems at a European scale is a disciplinary innovation. 

From a technical point of view, SURE will develop a time-oriented model for urban regeneration, a 

chronographic instrument for the analysis and interpretation of local contexts. 


The main deliverable of SURE research project will be the chronographic TOOL, which is a definition of 

an international standard for Chronographic Information Systems. The important point is that such 

Chronographic Information System will be designed in partnership at the European level and will be 

extensively tested in five different European local contexts. 

In the process of design and implementation of the TOOL, a number of distinct deliverables will be 

produced, which could be interesting to the scientific community as well as to Local authorities: a 

collection of best practices regarding use of chronographic instruments for Urban renewal policies, an 

Atlas of contextualised chronographic maps, and finally some Guidelines for the realisation of 

Chronographic GIS instruments. 

Moreover, SURE will provide an innovative approach, a methodology which will become a concrete 

deliverable, starting from the analysis of urban areas in need of regeneration, using stakeholder 

involvement tools at the local level, and helping local decision makers to design viable and innovative 

policies to redevelop their areas and enhance economic as well as social welfare. 

Coordinator 

Renato Galliano Tel: +39226266507 

Elisabetta Caregnato Fax: +39226266508 

Agenzia Sviluppo Nord Milano E-mail: asnm@asnm.com 

Largo Lamarmora 17 

20099 Sesto San Giovani 

Italy


Participants 

Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Architettura e Planificazione, Via Golgi 39, 20133 Milano, Italy, Contact person: 

Prof. De Maio Adriano 

Université de Technologie de Belfort Motbéliard – Systems and Transportation Laboratory, Site de Belfort, 2ième étage 90000 

Belfort, France, Contact person: Jaafar Gaber 

Maison du Temps et de la Mobilité (Time and Mobility Agency), Conseil General du Territoire de Belfort Place de La Revolution 

Française, 90000, Belfort, France, Contact person: Prof. Gwiazdzinski Luc-Marc 

Universidad de Oviedo, Centro de Cooperacion y Desarrollo Territorial (Cecodet), Chalet de Figaredo 33683 Mieres – Asturias, 

Spain, Contact person: Doctor Diaz Mario 

Red Eurexcter de España, Centro de Cooperacion y Desarrollo Territorial (Cecodet), Chalet de Figaredo, S/N 33683 Mieres – 

Asturias, Spain, Contact person: Torre Graciano 

University for Economics and Policy, Hwp, Project-Office Times and Quality of the City, Von-Melle-Park 9, 20146 Hamburg, 

Germany, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Mueckenberger Ulrich 

The Senator of Building and Environment (Federal Ministry and Municipal Administration), Department of Spacial Planning and 

Urban Development, Ansgaritorstrasse 2, 28195 Bremen, Germany, Contact person: Dr. Herlyn Sunke 

Institute of Urban Development Plac Na Stawach 1, 30-107, Krakow, Poland, Contact person: Prof. Ziobrowski Zygmunt 

International Management Services sp. z o.o., Ul. Boleslawa Prusa 30/2, 30-117 Krakow, Poland, Contact person: Podgorski 

Slawomir 

European Association of Development Agencies, Eurada, Avenue Des Arts 12 Bte 7, 1210 Brussels, Belgium, Contact person: 

Saublens Christian


S.W.A.-TOOL (Development of a methodological tool to enhance the precision & 

comparability of solid waste analysis data) 


Contract Type: Combined (research + demonstrattion) End Date: 01-03-2004 

Project URL: http://swa-tool.net Duration: 36 months 


Waste analyses are a widely used tool for acquiring relevant information for use in waste management 

planning, and increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of planned measures. Despite efforts in this 

direction, waste analyses have only been partly standardised to date. Analyses are designed on a caseby-case 

basis. This leads to unsatisfactory results, and makes it difficult to compare the effect of different 

waste management measures. 


In the RESEARCH PART, a standardised methodological tool is to be developed to assist in 

implementation of waste analyses, so as to enhance data accuracy and comparability, and go beyond the 

stage of “do-it-yourself” analysis designs. 

The scientific objective of the research part focused on the aim of achieving improved data quality to 

support the planning of measures for an environment-friendly waste management and to provide reliable 

indicators which permit a comparative judgement of the effectiveness and efficiency of different waste 

management measures, which shall further lead to a benchmarking of waste management services in 

various settlement areas. 

The technological objectives are the development of a methodological tool for selection of the analysis 

design. 

This includes establishing minimum standards, which a waste analysis should always meet, e.g. in 

respect of comparability with other analysis results. Over and above these minimum standards, selection 

criteria should also be established to enable the user to select the most appropriate analysis design in 

relation to the specific objectives and circumstances. 

In the DEMONSTRATION PART, the methodological tool is to be applied in three European towns/cities. 

The insights obtained will permit revision of the tool. In addition, the analyses performed will serve as 

reference projects for use in dissemination activities. 

The scientific objective of the demonstration part is the verification and modification of the methodological 

tool developed in the research part. 


The use of this tool for the planning and practical implementation of waste analyses is intended to 

demonstrate: 

The user-friendliness of a waste analysis planned with the methodological tool, whether data acquired by 

means of the analysis meets the objectives of the analysis; and whether the methodological tool is a 

suitable instrument for planning waste analyses under a variety of conditions. 

These criteria are the “filter” for evaluation of the methodological tool. Any shortcomings revealed by 

practical implementation of the analyses are to be examined, particularly as to whether they are 

attributable to any methodological weaknesses. This information will serve as the basis for revision of the 

methodological tool and its adaptation to the practical requirements of the waste management business. 

In addition to the above objectives, which are primarily methodological in nature, the waste analyses have 

the following additional goals. The data acquired by the analyses is to be used directly for their primary 

purpose, namely as planning information for waste management projects and, the analyses are to serve 

as reference projects. They will enable dissemination and exploitation to be backed by real-life examples 

demonstrating the suitability and practical relevance of the methodological tool.


Coordinator 

Kropiunik, Heinz (Engineer) Tel: +43151269101 

Ic - Interdisciplinaere Consulenten Zt Gmbh Fax: +4315126915 

Waste Management Department E-mail: h.kropiunik@ic.vienna.at 

Kaiserstrasse 45 

1070 Wien 

Austria 

Participants 

Reciclado Organisation: Technology Transfer Centre Gaikerparque Tecnologico de Zamudio, Edificio 20248170 Zamudio Spain 

Contact Person: Letona, Ignacio (Mr) 

Magistratsabteilung 48 (Abfallwirtschaft, Strassenreinigung und Fuhrpark) Organisation: Magistrat Der Stadt Wieneinsiedlergasse 

21050 Wien Austria Contact Person: Steinbauer, Wolfgang (Engineer 

Institut Fuer Wirtschaftsinformatik, Argus E.V. Organisation: Technische Universitaet Berlineinsteinufer 25, Sekr. FT 610587 Berlin 

Germany Contact Person: Schmidtberg, Ulrike (Ms) 

Sustainable Cities Research Institute Organisation: University of Northumbria at Newcastlenorth Street East 6ne1 8st Newcastle 

Upon Tyne United Kingdom Contact Person: Chesser, David (Mr) 

Area Progetti Speciali Organisation: Gruppo Impresa Finance Srlvia Filippo Lippi 1125134 Brescia Italy Contact Person: Teso, 

Alesandra (Ms) 

Cityworks Organisation: Newcastle City Councilatkinson House, Cypress Avenue, Fenhamne4 9JJ Newcastle Upon Tyneunited 

Kingdom Contact Person: Johnson, Doug (Mr) 

Divisione Nettezza Urbana Organisation: Asm Brescia Spavia Codignole 32/F/G25124 Brescia Italy Contact Person: Capra, Renzo 

(Engineer) 

Other Department: Aera De Obras Y Servicios Organisation: Ayuntamiento de Bilbaoplaza de Venezuela 248001 Bilbao Spain 

Contact Person: Areso, Ibon (Mr)


TOOLSUST (The involvement of stakeholders to develop and implement tools for 

sustainable households in the city of tomorrow) 



Project URL: http://www.toolsust.org Duration: 36 months 


During the last years both environmental organisations, politicians and the research community have 

concentrated on the development of sustainable cities. This is reflected in the European Sustainable 

Cities and Towns Campaign. The relevance of consumption and the activity of households are also 

recognised in this process, and several EU-project were funded in the Fourth Framework Programme. 

But the development of consumption pattern and consumption level in Europe still represents a great 

challenge to the environmental goals both on national, European and global level. 

This project will build upon the empirical results and the theoretical innovations made in the sustainable 

cities network process. We will expand the analysis beyond individual attitudes and the behaviour of 

households by including stakeholders such as: consumer organisations, environmental organisations, 

retailers, the local political authorities and local governments. The main innovative aspects of our project 

is the development of tools for a sustainable development of consumption, and the involvement of 

stakeholders in this process: identifying goals, develop and test various tools for sustainable consumption 

and the implementation of these tool sin everyday life. 


In a multidisciplinary approach – including both natural and social sciences – the point of departure is the 

description of the state of art and the situation for households in selected European cities. The potential 

for changes will be analysed in both a short-term and a long-term perspective. The three main objectives 

are divided into five steps and workpackages: 

1. Research step: The place of households and consumption in the environmental goals in the cities 

2. Research step: Household metabolism in the five actual cities 

3. Analyse the possibilities and tools for significant short-term changes: 

• The use of consumer information, the green household budget 

• The consequences for evaluation of quality of life 

• Importance of stakeholder participation in the decision making process 

4. Research step: Potential for long term changes in a back-casting approach, within the factor four 

perspective 

5. Research step: Involvement of stakeholders in the implementation and dissemination phase 

We will combine quantitative data and using both focus groups and qualitative interviews. The main focus 

within this project is the potential for environmental changes in household behaviour. 


We expect to give a significant contribution to the integrated product policy (IPP) of Europe. Europe’s 

future economic development is characterised by a tension between global economic competition and the 

need for green innovation. The concept of ‘Integrated Product Policy’ is an attempt to answer this 

challenge. The innovation of new environmental friendly products is a vital part of the product oriented 

environmental policy. Significant innovative progress has been made in the car industry (catalytic 

converter), in the detergent industry (micro powder) and in the increasing life-span of durables in 

households. By the way consumers organise their everyday life, and how they use the improved products 

are still extremely important. If households and consumers use the new eco-friendly products in an 

unsustainable way, the scientific and industrialised improvement will be absorbed by the increasing 

consumption level and the never changing consumption pattern of million of households. This is the best 

argument for an integrated product policy, for the integration of activity by industry, retail, consumption 

and political authorities.


We will also emphasis the economic consequences for the stakeholders involved especially consumers 

and retailers. Changes in environmental behaviour among consumers will represent crucial challenges to 

businesses. A special attention will be put on the role of the retail system, and to the dissemination of 

results. In this process one has to take into consideration that stakeholders have different needs and 

wants. The development of information and other tools must be able to meet the need of various groups 

of stakeholders. The relevance for accessing countries will also be a part of this dissemination process. 

Coordinator 

Stø, Eivind (Mr) Tel: +4767599870 

National Institute For Consumer Research Fax: +4767531948 

Po Box 173 E-mail: eivind.sto@sifo.no 

1325 Lysaker http://www.toolsust.org 

Norway 

Participants 

Department of Sociology, Organisation: Universita degli Studi di Padova, Via S. Canziano 8, 35122 Padova Italy Contact Person: 

Padovan, Dario (Dr) 

Department of Psychology, Organisation: University of Surrey, GU2 5XH Guildford, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Gatersleben, 

Brigitta (Ms) 

Center for Energy and Environmental Studies, Organisation: University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The 

Netherlands, Contact Person: Moll, Henri C. (Dr) 

Environmental Strategies Research Group, Organisation: Defence Research Establishment, Box 2142, 103 14 Stockholm, Sweden, 

Contact Person: Carlsson-Kanyama, Anika (Dr)


URBAN-AEROSOL (Characterisation of urban air quality indoor/outdoor particulate 

matter chemical characteristics and source-to-inhaled dose relationships) 



Project URL: http://www.nilu.no/projects/urban-aerosol/ Duration: 36 months 


The objective of the proposed cooperative research is the understanding of the particulate matter (PM) 

chemical composition/size distribution indoor/outdoor characteristics in several European urban areas 

and their consequences on exposure and internally deposited regional dose in the human respiratory 

tract. This will be accomplished by incorporating state-of-the-art continuous parallel indoor/outdoor 

measurements, detailed chemical characterisation of the PM constituents combined with state-of -the-art 

tools for micro-environmental modelling and dosimetry in order to diagnose the complex relationships 

between PM pollution sources and inhaled deposited dose on humans. The research study will examine 

residential non-smoking accommodation places across Europe. 



Coordinator 

Mihalis Lazaridis Tel: +30-2821037864 

Norwegian Institute for Air Research Fax: +30-2821037683 (37474) 

18 Instituttveien 18 E-mail: lazaridi@mred.tuc.gr 

PO Box 100 

2027 KJELLER 

Norway 

Participants 

Laboratory of Meteorology Department of Applied Physics Organisation: National and Kapodestrian University of Athens33 

Panepistimioupolis 33, Building Physics V, University Campus 15784 Zographos, Athens Greece Contact Person: Philokiprou, 

Giorgos (Professor) 

Research Department: Institut fur Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung Organisation: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der 

Angewandten Forschung E.V.Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 130625 Hannover Germany Contact Person: Dorner, Rudiger (Mr) 

Research Department: Institute of Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection Organisation: National Centre for Scientific 

Research "Demokritos"Neapoleos Street Po Box 6022815310 Athens Greece Contact Person: Ithakissios, Dionyssis (Professor) 

Research Department: Institute for Systems, Informatics and Safety Organisation: Commission of The European Communitiesvia 

Enrico Fermi 1 Casella Postale 25021020 Ispra Italy Contact Person: Wilkinson, David Robert (Dr) 

Education Department: Department of Biological Sciences Organisation: University of Essexwivenhoe Park John Tabor 

Laboratoriesco4 3SQ Colchester United Kingdom Contact Person: Rich, Tony (Dr) 

Research Department: Institute for Envrionmental Research and Sustainable Development Organisation: National Observatory of 

Athenslofos Nymfon 1810 Athens Greece Contact Person: Lalas, Dimitrios (Professor) 

Education Department: Institute of Environmental Studies Faculty of Science Organisation: Univerzity Karlovyalbertov 6128 43 

Praha 2czech Republic Contact Person: Stulik, Karel (Professor) 

Research Department: Aerosol Laboratory Department of Reaction Engineering in the Gas Phase Organisation: Ustav Teoretickych 

Zakladu Chemicke Technikyrozvojova 135165 02 Praha 6 Czech Republic Contact Person: Drahos, Jiri (Professor)


URBAN EXPOSURE (Integrated Exposure Management Tool Characterizing Air 

pollution-relevant Human Exposure in Urban Environment) 



Project URL: http://www.nilu.no/pip/ Duration: 36 months 


One of the most important environmental concerns of today is the negative impact of pollution on human 

health. This is reflected in priorities for DG Environment “Clean Air for Europe”, and in the Programme of 

Community action in the field of public health (COM(2000) 285 final) that specifies urban particulate 

matter as an important factor. Directive 1999/30/EC sets human health-based standards for particulate 

matter in ambient air. While the air quality guidelines of WHO and EC standards are relevant to outdoor 

pollution levels, the underlying epidemiological studies need to rely on correct exposure estimation. In 

order to implement the environmental legislation at local level, relevant information on good practice and 

appropriate tools have to be available. For effective management there needs to be correct 

characterisation of the chemical composition of air and characterisation of actual human exposure, taking 

into account all important routes of exposure (air, water, others). 


Based on knowledge generated from a number of previous and ongoing projects, a comprehensive stateof-the-science 

model for quantifying human exposure in urban areas will be developed. The model will 

cover combined exposure from air pollutants (specifically particulate matter) and from house water use 

(specifically chloroform) not addressed previously. The model will be scientifically validated and 

developed in a form of management tool interface. It will be implemented within an existing management 

tool, and used for two case studies. An exposure database for Europe will be compiled from existing 

sources, and this database will be used to demonstrate the management tool for stakeholders and endusers 

in Europe. 


The project will provide better understanding of exposure, translated into an advanced science-based tool 

for management of urban air quality, and the tool will be operationally implemented. In this way, the 

assessment of human exposure from indoor and outdoor air to particulate matter, and the assessment of 

human exposure from house water and ambient air to drinking water disinfection by-products, will 

become available as a support mechanism for urban management decisions. 

Main deliverables from the project include a scientific basis for exposure assessment tool, a validated 

exposure model, implementation of this model for use in air quality management systems and a database 

of European exposures. The tool will be implemented with an existing air quality management tool, 

installed in two urban areas and made ready for use by the local authorities. Further dissemination to the 

stakeholders will use demonstrations in other urban areas without the implemented tool. Scientific 

dissemination is also part of the project. 

Coordinator 

BØHLER, Trond (Dr.) Tel: +47 63988000 

P. O. Box 100 Fax: +47 63898050 

NO – 2027 Kjeller E-mail: tb@nilu.no


Participants 

Laboratory of Meteorology Department of Applied Physics Organisation: National and Kapodestrian University of Athens33 

Panepistimioupolis 33, Building Physics V, University Campus 15784 Zographos, Athens Greece Contact Person: Philokiprou, 

Giorgos (Professor) 

Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttvein 18, P.O.Box 100, NO-2027. Contact Person: Bøhler, Trond 

Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha St. 6, PL-40832 Katowice, Poland . Contact Person : Fudala, Janina 

Fraunhofer-Gesellshaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V., Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. 

Contact Person : Werner Holländer 

University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, CO4 3SQ Colchester, UK. Contact Person : Colbeck, Ian 

Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojovà 135, CZ-165 02 Czech Republic. Contact Person : Smolik, Jiri 

Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Technicon City, IL-3200 Haifa, Israel. Contact Person : Broday, David 

Technical Universisty of Crete, Polytechneioupolis, EL-73100 Chania, Greece. Contact Person : Lazaridis, Mihalis 

National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, P.O.Box 60228, EL-15310 Agia Paraskevi.Attikis, Greece. Contact Person : 

Housiadas, Christos 

Municipality of Oslo Department of Public Health, Maridalsveien 3, NO-0178 Oslo, Norway. Contact Person : Myrtveit, Ingrid


URBEM (Urban River Basin Enhancement Methods ) 


Contract Type: Research End date: 31-10-2005 

Project URL: http://www.urbem.net/ Duration: 36 months 


In the past urban watercourses have been confined to narrow river corridors with the channels canalised 

and concrete and other man-made materials forming the bed and banks of the river. Many urban streams 

have been converted into closed conduit sewers, and now receive both storm drainage and raw or dilute 

sewage from the surrounding area. The pollutant loading also frequently leads to poor water quality, 

indeed this adverse impact of urbanisation often extends to the watercourses downstream of the urban 

area. In some cases the bacteriological or chemical quality of urban streams may present a severe threat 

to public health. The result is that many urban watercourses have virtually no aesthetic or amenity value, 

support a limited range of ecosystems, and do not meet the water quality objectives prescribed by the EC 

Water Framework Directive (WFD). 


The URBEM project will provide new tools, techniques and procedures to enhance watercourses located 

in urban areas. These tools should provide enough scope to cover the differing, multi-functional uses of 

urban watercourses and their adjacent communities across Europe. URBEM will provide for those who 

are involved in urban river rehabilitation, the best and most innovative practice with which to develop a 

comprehensive rehabilitation scheme that will achieve the “maximum ecological potential” requirements 

of the WFD. As river rehabilitation involves many aspects, the project is targeted at different institutions 

involved in the enhancement of watercourses at all levels. 


The benefit provided by URBEM include the provision of a comprehensive framework to facilitate urban 

watercourse rehabilitation that takes into account the regional variations in modification and use of 

watercourses across Europe. Specific benefits of the URBEM research project will be: new tools to 

assess the potential for enhancement and rehabilitation of urban watercourses; innovative urban 

watercourse rehabilitation techniques for use in future schemes and decision making support procedures, 

including social, economic, environmental and safety aspects, to help planners and city authorities 

effectively prioritise and plan urban river rehabilitation projects that help to achieve “maximum ecological 

potential”. In addition the URBEM project will provide guidance, in the form of training and briefing 

modules, to public, professional and environmental authorities about how to plan, implement and maintain 

an urban rehabilitation scheme. 

Coordinator : 

Roger Bettess Tel: +441491835381 

HR Wallingford Ltd Fax: +441491825916 

River and Urban Catchments Group E-mail: rb@hrwallingford.co.uk 

Howbery Park 

OX108BA 

Wallingford 


Participants 

NEF, New Economics Foundation, Cole Street 6-8, SEI 4YH, London, UK Contact person: Perry Walker 

IÖR Dresden, Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung E.V., Dresden, Weberplatz 1 01217 Dresden, Germany Contact person: 

Bernhard Müller 

Cemagref, Centre National du Mechnisme Agricole, du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts. Parc de Tourvole, 92163 Antony, 

France Contact person: Pascal Odot


CUW-UK, Centre for Urban Water, 44 Hanover Steps, St George’s Fields, W2 2YG, UK Contact person: Cedo Maksimovic 

UL, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2 SI-1001, Ljubjlana, Slovenia Contact person: Mitja Brilly 

JP VO-KA, Javno Podjetje Vodovod-Kanalizacija d.o.o., Krekov TRG 10, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Contact Person : Drago Dolenc 

IWHW-BOKU Department for Water Management, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, University for Agricultural Sciences 

Vienna, Austria Contact person: Rudolf Faber 

UNEW, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 6 Kensington Terrace, NE1 7RU, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Contact Person: Paul 

Younger 

Newcastle City Council, Civic Centre, Barras Bridge, NE1 8PH, Newcastle upon Tyne, Uk Contact person: Peter McIntyre 

LNEC, Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Av. Do Brasil 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal Contact person: João Rocha 

IST-CESUR, Instituto Superior Técnico-Centro de Sistemas Urbanos e Regionais, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal 

Contact person: Silva Jorge


URBSOIL (Urban soils as a source and sink for pollution) 



Project URL: http://urbsoil.paisley.ac.uk/ Duration: 36 months 


In urban areas soils acquire new functions and play a distinct environmental role. There is an increasing 

awareness that soils are fundamental in the preservation of local, regional and worldwide environmental 

quality. They have esthetical and recreational functions in parks and gardens and contribute to the 

preservation of biodiversity. They also directly influence the citizens’ health. There is a need for a better 

understanding of the urban soils and more information that is needed for their sustainable management. 

Otherwise political decision making and legislative regulations on a European scale are precluded. 


Most urban soils are contaminated but the there is a lack of a common approach or methodology that 

allows a comparative assessment of the soil qualities and their relationships to other environmental or 

health properties to set up target levels or limits of soil quality parameters. Current methods for studying 

and classifying soils need to be adapted to urban settings. A common methodology to study and evaluate 

soil in different urban settings is urgently required. 

The overall aim of this project is to identify and document soil quality parameters and their use in urban 

areas to provide local, national and European authorities with decision support tools for the correct 

planning and sustainable management of the soil resource in the cities and towns of Europe. 

This will be achieved through the creation of a database of urban environment data for various cities in 

Europe, the introduction, adaptation and calibration of the criteria and methods for the determination of 

soil quality indicators in urban settings, the use of sophisticated analytical techniques as well as simple 

and easy-to-handle rapid tests for the measurement of soil quality parameters for urban soils, the use of 

these data sets as input parameters for state-of-the art modelling of changes of soil quality and build-up 

of decision support system for various European settings, the involvement of end-users such as local 

governments in the research, development and implementation process. 


This project will produce Decision Support Tool (DST) on soil quality to be used at all levels (European, 

national, local) in Europe for better appraisal of the soil resource and its valuable functions within a wide 

range of urban environments. The DST is expected to constitute the basis for a better environmental 

regulatory policy for sustainable development in urban areas. Output will be data sets, definitions and 

new management approaches with appropriate tools. In addition there are clear benefits to citizen 

participation. For example it will enhance community involvement to support neighbourhood development 

and community sustainability, drawing economic benefit. 

Longer-term scientific and technological prospects include the potential for standardisation of 

management and impact assessment approaches. The tools produced can be modified to consider other 

urban resource management issues and updated as this develops. The results will be disseminated in the 

form of assessment and control manuals, reports, scientific publications, as well as contributions to 

international conferences and meetings, training courses/workshops for the end-users, maps and 

validated analytical procedures. The intermediate and final results will also be available through the 

URBSOIL website, accessible by all citizens.


Coordinator 

Ajmone Marsan Franco (Mr) Tel: +39116708519 

Universitá degli di Torino Fax: +39114031819 

Dipartimento di Valorizzazione E-mail: ajmone@agraria.unito.it 

e Protezione delle Risorse Agroforestali 

Via Leonardo da Vinci 44 

10095 Grugliasco 

Italy 

Participants 

UPAIS.CHM.AH4, University of Paisley, High Street PA1 2BE Paisley, UK Contact person: Andrew Hursthouse 

CSIC, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Contact person: Luis Madrid 

UAVR, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal Contact person: Armando Duarte 

SLU, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Arrheniusplan 2C, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden Contact person: Erasmus Otabbong 

USTRATH, University of Strathclyde, 16 Richmond Street, G1 1XQ, Glasgow, UK Contact person: Christine Davidson 

ULJUBL.BF.DA.CSES University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Contact person: Franc Lobnik


URGE (Development of Urban Green Spaces to Improve the Quality of Life in Cities and 

Urban Regions) 



Project URL: http://www.urge-project.org/ Duration: 36 months 


The aim of the URGE project is to improve the provision of cities with green spaces, both qualitatively and 

quantitatively, thus enhancing the quality of life of the urban population and contributing to the sustainable 

development of European cities. One major objective is to increase the available knowledge of the 

complex interactions between nature, economy and social systems in urban environments, considering 

this as a premise to the development of modern strategies for the design and management of urban 

landscapes. 

The present structure and functionality of urban green spaces are regarded as sub-optimal in many cases 

while their contribution to the quality of urban life in principle is recognised and accepted. The URGE 

project identifies the following problems that exist in the development and management of urban green 

spaces. These are: 

• The knowledge deficit about the complex functions of urban green spaces, dependent on their 

location and structure; 

• The deficit of integrated/interdisciplinary methods for an optimal development of urban green spaces; 

• The lack of consideration and integration of concerned citizens and users of urban green spaces; 

• The lack of exploitation of financial possibilities for the development and management of urban green 

spaces by the tertiary or the private sector 


The strategy of the URGE project is to initiate co-operative work between researchers from different 

academic disciplines and cultures, and the relevant practitioners, in order to deliver universally applicable, 

user-friendly results. The design of the project is both creative and progressive as it is: 

• Interdisciplinary - through the co-operative work of researchers from different disciplines; 

• User-integrated - through the co-operation of researchers and users (cities) within the consortium; 

• Transparent - through the presentation of interim results on the homepage and in public symposia; 

• Tolerant - regarding mistakes through the built-in feedback mechanism; 

• Flexible - through the incorporation of recommendations made during the research process; 

• Practical - by providing diverse tools (city profiles, interdisciplinary catalogue of criteria, manual) for 

users and partners in the research process; 

• Intercommunicative - by creating a European network with project partners, reference cities, experts 

and other interested parties; 

• Cost-effective - through reliance upon remote expertise and the local application of simple 

techniques. 

The analytical optimisation occurs through the use of the different fields of research in conjunction with 

consideration of user demands. The catalogues of criteria will be compiled in the various specialist 

institutions, using "state-of-the-art" theory of the respective disciplines. Investigations will be carried out 

using the eight case study green spaces. Analysed data from the case study level will be integrated into 

the level of the whole city and vice versa. An additional flow of information will emanate from the 

reference cities. Input from interested researchers, planners and municipal representatives is also 

possible through a discussion platform. 

The following cities participate in URGE: 

as partners: 

• Leipzig / Central Europe 

• Birmingham / Western Europe


• Genoa (Region Liguria) / Southern Europe 

• Budapest / Eastern Europe 

as reference cities: 

• Alphen aan den Rijn / The Netherlands 

• Antwerp / Belgium 

• Dublin / Ireland 

• Helsinki / Finland 

• Istanbul / Turkey 

• Krakow / Poland 

• Lisbon / Portugal 

• Ljubljana / Slovenia 

• Malaga / Spain 

• Montpellier / France 

• Sofia / Bulgaria 

• Zurich / Switzerland 

The researcher group is characterised by its interdisciplinarity. It comprises several research institutions 

representing four different disciplines: ecology, sociology, economics and planning, located in different 

European countries. The Interdisciplinary Department of Urban Landscapes at the UFZ is in charge of the 

co-ordination, including the scientific co-ordination between the partner cities and research institutions, as 

well as the interdisciplinary co-ordination. During the workshops, the interim results will be reviewed and 

discussed by the consortium. 

The main outcomes of the project will be: 

City profile: The catalogue of requirements for the city profiles will be published as an aid for inventories 

and further investigations about urban green situations. It contains a list of which kinds of information, 

e. g. conditions and structure of urban areas, distribution of green spaces, types of green spaces, districts 

with a deficit of green, are needed to provide a basis survey. 

Catalogue of interdisciplinary criteria (ICC): The catalogue of interdisciplinary criteria provides a tool for 

civil planning authorities and private planning organisations, for their use in the process of green space 

development. By its consideration of different situations and structures in different European regions, the 

catalogue will be applicable for planning authorities and institutions all over Europe. This catalogue also 

provides information about the combination and integration of criteria for interdisciplinary work in different 

fields of research and planning activities. The field-testing of the catalogue guarantees its high quality, its 

scientific methodology and its usefulness in local planning. 

The resultant manual will be utilisable as a handbook by planning authorities and other planning 

institutions. This handbook will provide general and adaptable methods and measures for the sustainable 

development and management of urban green spaces. It will be based on the "catalogue of 

interdisciplinary criteria" and the "city profiles," and so it will include procedures for the analysis and 

evaluation of existing urban green structures and individual green sites. It will also contain information 

regarding good practice, effective planning instruments and preconditions for the use of different tools. It 

will take into account both the planning practices and the financial and cultural situations in the different 

European countries, as well as giving examples of best practice, definitions and explanations. 

Right from the beginning of the project, a network for communication and the exchange of information has 

been established and will be continuously managed. This network consists of several communication 

levels for different kinds of users, supported by various media. By this means, scientists, planning 

authorities, NGOs, planners and citizens will have the possibility to be informed about project outcomes 

and are able to contribute suggestions and criticisms to the consortium. This communication is supported 

by an Internet platform and by workshops. 


The project contributes to the improvement of the future management of green spaces in cities and urban 

regions by providing methods and guidelines for the planning authorities how to include ecological, social 

and economic demands in the process of planning and maintenance. Thus, the multi-disciplinary 

strategies contribute to the concept of sustainable development and the integration of actors/users in the 

project corresponds to the idea of the Local Agenda 21.


The improvement of the green space situation in cities and urban regions of Europe, which is made 

possible through URGE, influences the quality of locations both on a small and a large scale. Providing 

attractive and accessible green spaces of high ecological value benefits to the competitiveness of the 

urban location on various levels. 

The deliverables of the project contribute to several approaches both in research and in practice. First, 

the toolbox ICC means a scientific benefit providing answers to complex problems. Second, both the 

toolbox and the manual contribute to the evaluation of existing and future green projects and 

simultaneously propose ways of improvement. Thus, these publications facilitate the planning and 

monitoring of urban green projects. Third, the manual provides assistance to decision makers with regard 

to the improvement of instruments in politics and planning issues. This assistance includes specific 

proposals on how to apply the existing instruments more efficiently. The developed tools are flexible for 

the application in different European regions and situations. 

Coordinator 

Wohlleber, Sandra Tel: +49 341 235 2182 

Farcher, Sigrun Tel: +49 341 235 2784 

Kasperidus, Hans Dieter Tel: +49 341 235 2601 

UFZ - Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle Fax: +49 341 235 2534 

Interdisciplinary Department of Urban Landscapes E-mail: urge@pro.ufz.de 

Permoserstrasse 15 http://www.urge-project.org 

04318 Leipzig 

Germany 

Participants 

IOER - Institute of Ecological and Regional Development Dresden, Weberplatz 1, 01217 Dresden, Germany, Contact Person: 

Mueller, Bernhard (Professor) 

UH - University of Helsinki, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Viikankaari 1 - P.O. Box 65, 00014 Helsinki, Finland, Contact 

Person: Niemelae, Jari (Prof. Dr) 

ESI - Free University Amsterdam, Department of Spatial Economics Economic and Social Institute, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV 

Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Contact Person: Nijkamp, Peter (Prof. Dr) 

UCE - University of Central England in Birmingham, Faculty of the Built Environment, Franchise Street Perry Bar, B42 2SU 

Birmingham, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Coles, Richard (Dr) 

COMETT LI. SA. - Comett Li. Sa., Via P.E. Bensa 1, 16124 Genova, Italy, Contact Person: Varese, Giovanni (Dr) 

GRI HAS - Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographical Research, Budaorsi ut 45, 1112 Budapest, Hungary, Contact 

Person: Kovacs, Zoltan (Dr) 

BUCC - Municipality of the City of Budapest, Environmental Department, Varoshaz U. 9-11, 1052 Budapest, Hungary, Contact 

Person: Papp, Katalin (Ms) 

BFVT - Budapest Urban Planning Ltd., Environmental and Landscape Planning Department, Varoshaz u. 9-11, 1052 Budapest, 

Hungary, Contact Person: Nagy, Katalin (Dr) 

BCC - Birmingham City Council, Department of Leisure and Community Services, Broad Street - Baskerville House, B1 2NE 

Birmingham, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Grayson, Nick (Mr) 

RL - Regione Liguria, Environmental and Landscape Planning Department, Via D'Annunzio 113, 16121 Genova, Italy, Contact 

Person: Gaggero, Giovanni (Dr) 

LCC - City of Leipzig, Parks and Recreation Office, Nonnenstrasse 5c, 04229 Leipzig, Germany, Contact Person: Kunath, Inge 

(Engineer)


WATERTIME (Improving the quality of urban life through sustainable decision-making 

on city water system reform) 



Project URL: http://www.watertime.org/ Duration: 36 months 


The project addresses the issue of how to improve the quality of urban life by reaching economically, 

socially and environmentally sustainable decisions on water systems in cities. The team of partners is 

drawn from different parts of Europe - Spain, Italy, UK, Germany, Finland, Hungary - and with a range of 

expertise, including economics, political science, environmental science and law, water institutions. The 

project will study current decision-making on water systems in 29 European cities, and long-term 

historical experience. Two final reports will be produced: one on best practices, and the other developing 

a model for participative decision-making. The work will be disseminated to stakeholders and public 

authorities, who will also be involved during the course of the research. 


The general objectives of the proposal are to: 

• Analyse decision making processes on the design and organisation of water systems in selected 

European cities; 

• Elaborate set of recommended best practice for decision makers; 

• Elaborate a decision-making model that will enable a comparative evaluation of various options and 

thus result in more sustainable water systems and an improved quality of urban life; 

• Disseminate findings and developed instruments among decision-makers and other stakeholders 

The project addresses the question of how to reach sustainable decisions on the question of water 

systems. This is an issue of great importance to the quality of urban life in the EU and Accession 

Countries; the cost of necessary investments in water and sanitation are very high; and various forms of 

public, private and public-private partnership are possible. 

The work will consist of a series of research packages. 

1. Establish an initial common analytical framework and to research the common European and 

international factors affecting decision-making on water in cities. 

2. Conduct detailed case studies of decision-making on water systems in 29 European cities, in 13 

countries covering the north and south of the EU, and accession countries, selected because 

significant decisions affecting their water systems have been made in recent years: The participants 

and key factors in these decisions will be analysed, together with indicators of the sustainability of 

these decisions - economically, socially and environmentally. 

3. In parallel an analysis will be carried out of the long-term historical consequences of decisions made 

on water systems in these Europe over time. 

4. The data from these reports will be integrated and used to construct a framework for decision-making 

and evaluation methodology. 

5. Two final reports will be produced: one identifying best practice in decision-making on water systems 

and the other developing a model for a participative decision-making process. 

6. The results will be publicly disseminated through a special website, and also via specially convened 

meetings of stakeholders and public authorities 


The project will deliver a model for decision-making on water systems, and provide a set of 

recommendations on best practice, for use in cities where decisions are made in future. The project will 

also deliver a series of reports on analytical frameworks, historical conditions, and specific case studies 

that will assist researchers and policy-makers in developing greater understanding of these processes.


Coordinator 

Hall, David (Mr) Tel: +442083319933 

University Of Greenwich Fax: +442083318665 

Psiru, School Of Computing E-mail: d.j.hall@gre.ac.uk 

and Mathematical Sciences 

Old Naval College, Park Row 

SE10 9LS London 


Participants 

Escuela de Relaciones Laborales, Organisation: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, San Bernardo 49, 28015 Madrid, Spain, 

Contact Person: Zornoza Boy, Javier (Dr) 

Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Organisation: Tampere University of Technology, Institute of 

Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8p.O. Box 541, 33101 Tampere, Finland, Contact Person: Katko, 

Tapio (Dr) 

International Water Affairs, August-Bebel-Strasse 34, 21029 Hamburg, Germany, Contact Person: Lanz, Klaus (Dr) 

Nomisma-Societa di Studi Economici S.P.A., Strada Maggiore 44, 40125 Bologna, Italy, Contact Person: Fazioli, Roberto (Prof.) 

Department of Environmental Technology, Eoetvoes József College, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Endre U. 14., 6500 Baja, Hungary, Contact 

Person: Peter, Judit (Dr)

4.1.3 Improving economic development, competitiveness and job creation in city centres and neighbourhoods 



COMET (Competitive Metropolises - Economic Transformation, Labour Market and 

Competition in European Agglomerations) 



Project URL: www.oeaw.ac.at/isr/comet Duration: 36 months 


The change of service structures in European metropolitan areas is a trend favouring service 

concentration in suburban communities removing economic functions from inner cities and provoking 

location competition within metropolitan areas. The growth of the service sector produces new location 

and interaction patterns as a consequence of increasing floor-space requirements as well as increasing 

urban transport. Linkages between new sub-centres in the urban periphery and in suburban areas arise 

which question the traditional centre-periphery flows and attribute significant importance to the 

cooperation between core cities and suburban communities. 

How can these trends be evaluated, taking into account concepts of sustainability as well as local and 

European competitiveness? What are the demands of the key branches which, cause them to move to 

peripheral locations? Could these requirements be satisfied in the core cities? Which political and 

planning structures refer to these developments? Which strategies seem suitable for preserving the 

functional diversity of inner cities as well as maintaining the competitiveness of the agglomeration as 

whole? What types of planning measures might stimulate the location of competitive (= international 

tradable) services? 


To achieve the aim of elaboration of decision-making instruments for urban planning and sustainable 

development on the tertiary sector in Inner Cities and Suburban areas, the project first will analyse the 

degree of structural service diversification in Inner Cities and Suburban areas in Amsterdam, Barcelona, 

Berlin, Brussels, Copenhagen, Strasbourg and Vienna during the last three decades. The project works 

on a basis of an updated morphological delimitation of agglomeration areas and with a harmonised database. 

Main topics of the scientific approach are: 

• Analysis of employment statistics with reference to NACE categories; analysis of commuter flows 

within the metropolitan areas, building statistics and land use plans, 

• Questionnaire on location preferences and motives for choice of location conducted with enterprises 

in selected service branches and 

• Analysis of planning instruments and strategies applied so far, together with an attempt to evaluate 

their effects on land use and location. 


• Empirical-based and comparative knowledge about the sub-urbanisation process of tertiary functions 

in European agglomerations, 

• Information about the demands on location and infrastructure of the service key branches and the 

driving forces for their mobility towards the suburban belt, 

• Evaluation of urban and regional planning programmes and norms to keep cities competitive, their 

effects for Inner Cities as well as for suburban areas and elaboration of new planning strategies to 

guarantee a balanced urban centre-periphery development (simulation model, Guidelines for 

practitioners, teaching tool)


Coordinator 

Univ.-Prof. Dr Axel Borsdorf Tel: + 431515813526 

Institute for urban and regional research Fax: + 431515813533 

of the Austrian Academy of Science E-mail: axel.borsdorf@oeaw.ac.at 

Postgasse 7/4/2 http://www.comet.ac.at 

1010 Vienna 

Austria 

Participants 

Magistrat der Stadt Wien - Magistratsabteilung 18 (Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung), Rathausstraße 14-16, 1082 Wien, Austria, 

Contact person: Dipl. Ing. Kurt Mittringer 

Amt der Nö. Landesregierung, Abteilung Raumordnung und Regionalpolitik, Geschäftsstelle für EU-Regionalpolitik, Landhausplatz 

1, 3109 Sankt Pölten, Austria, Contact person; Dipl.-Ing. Ilse Wollansky 

Ingenieurkonsulent für Raumplanung und Raumordnung, Stadtland, Theobaldgasse 16/4, 1060 Wien, Austria, Contact person: Dipl. 

Ing. Sibylla Zech 

Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Geographische Wissenschaften, Malteserstrasse 74 – 100, 12249 Berlin, Germany, Contact 

person: Prof. Dr. Georg Kluczka 

Land Berlin, Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung, Abteilung Stadt- und Freiraumplanung, Am Köllnischen Park 3, 10179 Berlin, 

Germany, Contact person: Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Tonndorf 

Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Faculeit der Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen (FMG) Amsterdam Study Centre for the 

Metropolitan Environment (AME), Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Contact person: Prof. Willem 

Salet 

Dienst Economische Zaken Amsterdam, 2133 Weesperstraat 89, 1000 CC Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Contact person: Drs. 

Carine van Oosteren 

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut de Gestion de l’Environnement et de l'Aménagement du Territoire, CP 246, Campus de la 

Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050, Bruxelles, Belgium, Contact person: Prof. Christian Vandermotten 

Gouvernement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Cabinet du Ministre-Président François-Xavier de Donnéa, Cabinet du Ministre- 

Président de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Cellule Aménagement du Territoire, Rue Ducale, 9, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium, Contact 

person: Attaché Arlette Verkruyssen 

Em. Univ. Prof. Gabriel Wackermann, 180, Route d'Oberhausbergen, 67000, Strasbourg, France, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Gabriel 

Wackermann 

Communauté urbaine de Strasbourg, Direction des Etudes et de la Prospective (D.E.P.), 1049/1050 F, Centre Administratif/Place 

de l'Etoile, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Contact person: M. Didier Meynier 

Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Geografia Fisica i Analisi Geografica Regional, Baldiri Reixac, S/N 08028 Barcelona, 

Spain, Contact person: Dr. José Luis Luzón 

Ingenieria del Conocimiento, S.A., Ingecon Consultoria, Avenida de Sarria, 27, 08029, Barcelona, Spain, Contact person: Marcelo 

Taboada 

Københavns Universitet/University of Copenhagen, Geografisk Institut, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 København, Denmark, Contact 

person: Prof. John Jørgensen 

Kobenhavns Kommune, Økonomiforvatningen, Raadhuset, 1599V København, Denmark, Contact person: Jesper Buch 

Jakobsen


MASURIN (Management of Sustainable Revitalising Urban Industrial Sites) 



Project URL: http://www.masurin.net Duration: 36 months 


Within the boundaries of European cities, there are many smaller industrial sites surrounded by 

residential areas. These sites, especially those that are older, are associated with a multitude of 

problems: out-dated infrastructure, production processes and non-compliance with current environmental 

regulations. The consequence of this is that the well-heeled companies leave for new sites and the inner 

city site becomes run down. City planners respond to this but in many cases and for different reasons, 

local authorities are not able to make a transition to sustainability. Traditional approaches cannot provide 

the primary solution to environmental and spatial problems in urban areas. 

After all, for a vital, economically robust, habitable city, it is important that residents are able to live 

agreeably in a clean, healthy and safe environment as well as work, shop and pursue leisure activities 

there. The inner city industrial sites are potentially outstanding at providing balanced employment and 

economic activity in the city, and boosting opportunity for the development of medium sized and large 

businesses, crafts and small businesses or a combination of different types of companies. 


This project focuses on two interrelated approaches: Improving the management and decision making 

process in the revitalisation of urban industrial sites and optimising and sustaining the socio-economic 

and environmental impact of the sites. 

A healthy socio-economic development, competitiveness and employment in cities needs a balanced 

supply of industrial activities within city boundaries; local authorities need management support and 

experience to create an integrated strategy for a city where people can work and live. 

The main objectives of this project are to provide authorities with knowledge and practical tools to create 

a new partnership with industry and the public, based on awareness, transparency and openness to 

dialogue in order to improve and maintain optimum sustainability, in both environmental and socioeconomic 

terms. 


Local authorities in five cities from five countries will be assisted in the revitalising process of urban 

industrial sites by executing case studies. For these case studies existing economic and environmental 

models as well as decision-making tools will be improved and developed to work together in one toolkit. 

This toolkit will be tested in the MASURIN project. 

The results and knowledge developed in MASURIN will be disseminated in international Working 

Conferences, which will be held in different countries. Finally the project aims at realising national and 

international networks of cities dealing with the issue of the sustainable (re)vitalisation of urban industrial 

sites. 

Coordinator 

Rene Korenromp (MSc) Tel: +31555493947 

TNO, Netherlands Organisation Fax: +31555493252 

for Applied Scientific Research E-mail : R.H.J.Korenromp@mep.tno.nl 

PO box 6060, 2600 JA http://www.mep.tno.nl/MASURIN 

Schoenmakerstraat 97, 2628 

VK Delft, The Netherlands


Participants 

Municipality of Utrecht, Ravellaan 96, 3503 RK, Utrecht, The Netherlands Contact person: P. van den Breemer (BSc) 

IJselland, Saxion Hogeschool IJselland, University of Professional Education, Handelskade 75, 7400 AJ, Deventer, The 

Netherlands Contact person: K.E. Bugge (MSc) 

INERIS, Institut national de l’environnement Industriel et des Risques, BP 2 Parc technologique Alata, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, 

France Contact person: Denis Haxaire (Mr) 

Communauté D’agglomération, Amiens Métropole, 12 rue Frédéric Petit, 80007 Amiens, France Contact person: Christine Yiannaki 

CCI Amiens, Chambre de Commerce et D’Industrie D’Amiens, 6 Boulevard De Belfort, 80039 Amiens, France Contact person: 

Cédric Peltret 

NILU, Norsk Institutt for Luftforskning, Instituttveien 18, 2027 Kjeller, Norway Contact person: Trond Bohler 

NIVA, Norvegian Institute for Water Research, Brekkeveien 19, 0411 Oslo, Norway Contact person: Bente Margrethe Wathne 

FM-TE, Fylkesmannen I Telemark, miljovernavdelingen, Statens Hus, 3708 Skien, Norway Contact person: Ingvar Oland 

ENEA, Ente per le nuove tecnologie l’energia e l’ambiente, Lungotevere Thaon de Revel 76, 00196 Roma, Italy Contact person: 

Flaviano D’Amico 

VENEZIA, Comune Di Venezia, Cà Varsetti, San Marco 4136, 30124 Venezia, Italy Contact person: Francesco Bortoluzzi 

GIG, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland. Contact person: Wlodzimierz Sokol 

Municipality of Bytom, Parkowa 2, 41-902 Bytom, Poland. Contact person: Artur Komor 

Orée, Association Orée, 42 rue du Fbg Poissonnière, 75010 Paris, France Contact person: Jean-François Vallès 

ARC, Austrian Research Centers, Systems Research, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. Contact Person: Markus Knoflacher


OPTIAS (Development of a Management Concept for Optimising the Location Strategy in 

Urban and Suburban Commercial Properties) 



Project URL: http://www.optias.info/ Duration: 24 months 


The action and management concept to be developed for selecting effective strategies for a policy of 

locating commercial facilities will eliminate the conflicting and potentially confrontational development of 

commercial areas of the city and the surrounding area. The objective is to improve economic and 

ecopolitical development, competitiveness and employment in municipal centres and neighbourhoods. 

The increasing volume of traffic to reach leisure, business and industrial locations burdens the municipal 

infrastructure without improving the mobility of the individual. Commercial land management defined by 

synergies can lay out commercial areas in such a way that an ideal distribution of companies per 

commercial area is found. 

The economic relevance is based on the commercial structures emerging from stagnating development. 

A decline of urban vitality associated with this will be stopped. New growth impulses will be set at the 

same time. 

The ecopolitical and social objective is to create a meaningful mixture of workplaces and shopping and 

leisure facilities, in which direct proximity to the facilities frequented daily increases the mobility of the 

individual and thus creates additional free spaces. 


Forecasting and monitoring ideal distributions of businesses in the sense of best practices will be 

achieved by applying economic evaluation methods (shareholder value, activity based accounting, risk 

analysis of commercial properties, networks for value appreciation). Simulation and visualisation methods 

will describe the development of economic spaces on the basis of various scenarios. 

The shareholder value method and the life cycle based method, which are regarded as new in this 

context, will serve to qualify and support a future-oriented potential for success. Despite the scrutiny of 

investment decisions and location selection procedures, management for commercial land is 

advantageous only when detached from the life cycle of the settlement structures. For that reason, the life 

cycle of commercial areas will play an important role in the prototypical tool to be created. 


The project deliverables consist of the two components 

• Methodology of instructions for action for configuring and evaluating commercial settlement structures 

and 

• Scenario analysis (simulation) of the development of commercial settlement structures. 

The product is the basis of developing a future oriented, co-operation based land and location policy. 

Using both components, potential users are in the position to reorganise existing, inefficient commercial 

lands and to configure the restructuring and to specify clusters of services. What is more, both 

components can be utilised separately. 

Coordinator 

Gerhard Mühlhaus Tel: 

IFB Innovation, Forschung Fax: 

und Beratung Aktiengesellschaft E-mail: info@ifb-magdeburg.de 

Rogaetzer Strasse 8 

39106 Magdeburg 

Germany


Participants 

IGZ - Innovations und Gruenderzentrum Magdeburg GmbH, Steinfeldstrasse 3, 39179 Barleben, Germany Contact person: Udo 

Häfke 

INTECO GmbH, Szinva Utca 15/B., 3527 Miskolc, Hungary Contact person: Sandor Vekony 

F&H Simulationsssoftware GmbH, Heinrich-Hertz-Strasse 34, 40699 Erkrath, Germany Contact person: Thomas David 

A+W, Amstein+ Walthert AG, Leutschenbachstrasse 45, 8050 Zuerich, Switzerland Contact person: Roland J. Stulz 

EKSPRO ’87, P.U.C. EKSPRO ’87 Sp. Z.O.O., Asnyka 12, 44-200 Rybnik, Poland Contact person: Ryszarda Beczkowska 

FhG, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung, Leonrodstarsse 54, 80636 Munchen, Germany 

Contact person: Michael Schenk 

Universitaet Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemvaros, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary Contact person: Jozsef Cselenyi


SUPER (Sustainable Urban Planning and Economic (Re)development) 



Project URL: http://www.mep.tno.nl/SUPER Duration: 24 months 


SUPER is directed at the clustering of four projects in the area of sustainable urban planning and 

economic development. MASURIN, OPTIAS, COMET and ECOPADEV. This clustering will enhance the 

coordination of the outcome of the four projects and will strengthen their individual impact. 


As a result, the mission set for SUPER is to add value to the individual research projects and policy 

development through exchange of information and exchange of views across topics related to urban 

planning and economic (re) development and create a greater impact of the four projects through joint 

dissemination, and joint agenda setting for future R&D in the area of sustainable economic urban 

development. 

To reach the objectives, the following approach is chosen. There will be Internal Meetings for participants 

in the cluster of the four projects that will have the form of workshops in which objectives are reviewed 

and views exchanged. To facilitate the exchange of views a SUPER Website will be launched. This 

website will serve as a reference for all project partners of the four projects. Common objectives will be 

formulated in the Common Cluster Position Paper and be presented in the External Meetings to the 

Commission and to other interest groups in different countries. 

A Clearing-House will be set up consisting of an interactive database with practical information, cases, 

examples etc. Audio-visual material will be produced and placed on the website and be made available 

as Video. Based on the outcome of the process of exchanging views and defining objectives, 

shortcomings and potential bottlenecks will be identified and addressed in so-called Thematic Research 

Papers. In the final Conference, the authors of the thematic research papers will present their views. The 

objective of the conference is to formulate and disseminate a common Agenda for Future Research 

activity within the European dimension in the area of sustainable urban planning and economic (re) 

development. 


Following the objectives and Work Plan, the expected impacts of SUPER are that the partners will be 

able to match the results and deliverables of the underlying projects in a joint position paper, set up an 

ongoing knowledge exchange platform (clearinghouse) that policy makers will use in their work and 

create discussions in the relevant platforms on RTD topics for the 6 th Framework and national R&D 

schemes. 

Coordinator 

Korenromp, René (MSc) Tel: +31555493947 

Netherlands Organisation Fax: +31555493252 

For Applied Scientific Research , Dpt Email: R.H.J.Korenromp@mep.tno.nl 

Environment, Energy and 

Process Innovation (TNO-MEP) 

Laan Van Westenenk 501 

P.O Box 342, 7300 Ah 

7300 AH Apeldoorn 

The Netherlands


Participants 

Ineris - Direction de la Valorisation et de la Formation (DVF), Organisation: Institut national de l'environnement Industriel et des 

Risques, Parc Technologique Alata BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-En-Halatte, France, Contact Person: Puff, Roger (Mr) 

Regio de Vallei - Sociaal Economisch Overleg, Bergstraat 1, P.O Box 9022, 6710 HK Ede, The Netherlands, Contact Person: 

Verschoor, Henk (MSc) 

Institut fuer Stadt- und Regionalforschung, Organisation: Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Postgasse 7/4/2, 1010 

Wien, Austria, Contact Person: Borsdorf, Axel (Mr) 

Departament de Geografia Fisica i Analisi Geografica Regional, Organisation: Universitat de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac, S/N, 08028 

Barcelona, Spain, Contact Person: Luzon, José-Luis (Dr) 

Institut fuer Geographische Wissenschaften, Organisation: Freie Universitaet Berlin, Malteser Strasse 74-100, 12249 Berlin, 

Germany, Contact Person: Kluczka, Georg (Prof. Dr) 

Bilbao Technology Park – Innovation Department, Organisation: - Parque Tecnologico S.A., I baizabal Bidea Parque Tecnologico, 

Edif. 101, 48170 Zamudio, Spain, Contact Person: Ibarrondo, M a Angeles (Ms) 

Erasmus Centre for Sustainable Development and Management, Organisation: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Burgemeester 

Oudlaan 50 P.O. Box 1738, 3000 Dr Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Contact Person: Geerlings, Harry (Dr) 

Madan Parque - Parque de Ciênca E Tecnologia Almada/Setubal, "Campus" da Caparica, Quinta Da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, 

Portugal, Contact Person: Caracelanu, Cristin (Dr) 

IFB Innovation, Forschung und Beratung Aktiengesellschaft, Rogätzer Strasse 8, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany, Contact Person: 

Mühlhaus, Gerhard (Mr) 

Gaiker / Environmental Department, Organisation: Fundacion Gaiker, Parque Tecnologico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Spain, 

Contact Person: Susaeta, Iñaki (Mr)


URBAN CATALYSTS (Strategies for temporary uses- potential for development of urban 

residual areas in European metropolises) 


Contract Type: Cost sharing contract End Date: 31-03-2003 

Project URL: http://www.urbancatalyst.de/ Duration: 24 months 


Centrally located residual areas are increasingly important to the urban development of European cities. 

Revitalising these wastelands is often economically and politically difficult. Yet numerous unplanned uses 

emerge in these areas which often evolve into intensively used public and semi-public spaces, and 

become the starting point for new services and media enterprises. These unplanned uses are founded on 

informal economies outside of traditional city planning and project development, and are therefore 

displaced after a short time, even though they offer great potential for urban and economic development 

as well as social integration and stabilisation. 


The aim of 4Urban Catalysts’ is to examine strategies for temporary use and to develop instruments and 

methods, which integrate its potential into modern city management and urban design. To this end, the 

project will develop and deploy the Internet-based communication system Urban-od which is a 

marketable planning product for these cities or developers interested in exploiting the potential of 

temporary use in residual urban areas. 

The research project will examine the potential of temporary uses in the long-term development of 

residual urban spaces as well as existing obstacles in development, create a catalogue of measures for 

activating residual areas and for applying temporary uses as a basis for lasting urban development, and 

apply and check these in five areas in Naples, Vienna, Berlin, Amsterdam, and Helsinki. The catalogue of 

means will consist of structural, city planning-related, legal, economic, and city management-related 

measures, and will be developed with the help of an Internet-based forum, Urban-os. 


The application of the research results will permit communities, city planners, project developers, and 

citizens to activate unused urban areas by optimally using existing resources. New forms of project 

development make citizens into initiators and developers of urban development. The social structure is 

strengthened, and active public spaces as well as a foundation for a long-term economic development 

are created. 

The developed methods will permit those involved: 

• to recognise existing potential and resources which can be activated in residual urban areas 

• to eliminate developmental obstacles 

• to stimulate interaction between potential partners and generate temporary activities both with the 

help of the Internet-based forum 

• to support the further development of the activation processes and allow it to be transferred into a 

lasting development. 

Coordinator 

Christiaanse, Kees (Prof.) Tel: +493031479728 

Technische Universitaet Berlin Fax: +493031479730 

Institut fuer Entwerfen E-mail: office@urbancatalyst.de 

Baukonstruktion und Staedtebau http://www.urbancatalyst.de/ 

Strasse Des 17. Juni 152, Sekr. A30 

10623 Berlin 

Germany 

Participants


Nexus, Institut fuer Kooperationsmanagement und Interdisziplinaere Forschung, Knesebeckstrasse 1-21,0623 Berlin, Germany, 

Contact Person: Schophaus, Malte (Mr) 

Abteilung Bau- und Wohnungswesen, Organisation: Bezirksamt Friedrichshain von Berlin, Frankfurter Allee 35-37, 10247 Berlin, 

Germany, Contact Person: Schultz, Frank (Mr) 

Deadline, Griffin Juergens Gbr, Cazenove Rd 10, N16 6BD London, United-Kingdom, Contact Person: Griffin, Matthew (Mr) 

Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, Organisation: Helsinki University of Technology, Luolamiehentie 7, 02015 Hut Espoo, 

Finland, Contact Person: Urobengs, Christer (Prof. Dr) 

Gallotta + Tischer Architetti/Paesaggisti, Auguststrasse 89, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Contact Person: Tischer, Stefan (Engineer) 

Associazione Culturale "Citta, Paesaggio, Archeologia", Vico Belledonne A Chiaia 28, 80121 Napoli, Italy, Contact Person: 

Escalona, Francesco (Engineer) 

Architect Florian Haydn, Schottenfeldgasse 72/2/51070 Wien, Austria, Contact Person: Haydn, Florian (Engineer) 

Magistratsabteilung 18, Organisation: Magistrat Der Stadt Wien, Rathausstrasse 14-16, 1082 Wien, Austria, Contact Person: 

Steiner, Klaus (Mr) 

Chair for Strategy and Transformation Management, Organisation: Universiteit van Nyenrode, Europaplein 115’, 1079 Ax 

Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Contact Person: Roobeek, Annemieke J. M. (Professor) 

Sector Living and Working, Organisation: Staadsdeel Amsterdam-Noord, Bikslotermeerplein 2000, 1030 BB Amsterdam, The 

Netherlands, Contact Person: Zwietering, Ted (Ir)

4.2 Protection, conservation and 

enhancement of European cultural 

heritage

4.2.1. Improved damage assessment on cultural heritage 

Summary Table 


BIOBRUSH 

PROJECT WEB-SITE 

EVK4-CT-2001-00055 Novel approaches to conserve our European 

heritage: Bioremediation for Building Restoration of 

the Urban Stone Heritage in European States 

CARAMEL EVK4-CT-2000-00029 Carbon content and origin of damage layers in 

European monuments 

DEMOTEC A EVK4-CT-2002-80011 Development Of A Monitoring System For Cultural 

Heritage Through European Co-Operation 

ESDCON EVK4-CT-2002-20013 European Salt Damage Conservation Network 

FIRE-TECH 

FRIENDLY 

HEATING 

EVK4-CT-2001-20006 Fire Risk Evaluation to European Cultural heritage- 

Quantification of priorities and optimisation of fire 

protection strategies 

EVK4-CT-2001-00067 Friendly heating: comfortable to people and 

compatible with conservation of art works preserved 

in churches 

IDAP EVK4-CT-2001-00061 Improved Damage Assessments of parchments 

IMPACT EVK4-CT-2000-00031 Innovative modelling of museum pollution and 

thresholds 

ITER EVK4-CT-2001-30004 Isotopic Technologies applied to the analysis of 

ancient mortors 

www.iter-eu.com 

LIDO EVK4-CT-2000-00016 A light dosimeter for monitoring cultural heritage: 

development, testing and transfer to market 

MIMIC EVK4-CT-2000-00040 Microclimate indoor monitoring in cultural heritage 

preservation 

MODHT EVK4-CT-2001-00048 Monitoring of Damage in Historic Tapestries 

MULTI-ASSESS EVK4-CT-2001-00044 Model for multi-pollutant impact and assessment of 

threshold levels for cultural heritage 

ONSITEFOR- 

MASONRY 

EVK4-CT-2001-00060 On-site investigation techniques for the structural 

evaluation of historic masonry buildings 

VIDRIO EVK4-CT-2001-00045 Determination of conditions to prevent weathering 

due to condensation, particle deposition and microorganism 

growth on ancient stained glass windows 

with protective glazing




ASSET EVK4-CT-2000-00023 Assessment of suitable products for the 

conservation treatments of seas-salt decay 

BACPOLES EVK4-CT-2001-00043 Preserving cultural heritage by preventing bacterial 

decay of wood in foundation poles and shipwrecks 

BIODAM EVK4-CT-2002-00098 Inhibitors of biofilm damage 

on mineral materials 

BIOREINFOR-CE EVK4-CT-2000-00037 Biomediated calcite precipitation for monumental 

stones reinforcement 

CATS EVK4-CT-2000-00028 Cyanobacteria attack rocks:control and preventive 

strategies to avoid damage caused by 

cyanobacteria and associated microorganisms in 

roman hypogean monuments 

COALITION EVK4-CT-1999-20001 Concerted action on molecular microbiology as an 

innovative conservation strategy for indoor and 

outdoor cultural assets 

COLLAPSE EVK4-CT-2002-00088 Corrosion of Lead and lead-Tin Alloys of Organ 

Pipes in Europe 

COMPASS EVK4-CT-2001-00047 Compatibility of Plasters and Renders with Salt 

loaded Substrates in Historic Buildings 

CONTROLLED 

PAPER CLEANING 

EVK4-CT-1999-35001 Controlled paper cleaning using laser technology 

DIAS 

EVK4-CT-2002-00080 Integrated tool for in situ characterization of 

effectiveness and durability of conservation 

techniques in historical structures 

HISTO-CLEAN EVK4-CT-2002-30011 Intelligent Measurment Technology For Laser 

Cleaning Of Historic Buildings And Monuments 

INKCOR EVK4-CT- 2001-00049 Stabilisation of Iron Gall Ink Containing paper 

LASERACT EVK4-CT-2002-00096 Laser multitask non destructive technology 

In conservation diagnostic procedures 

MASTER EVK4-CT-2002-00093 Preventive Conservation Strategies for Protection of 

Organic Objects in Museums, Historic Buildings 

and Archives 

MIP EVK4-CT-2002-20010 Transitional Metals in Paper 

PAPYLUM EVK4-CT-2000-00038 Chemiluminescence: a novel tool in paper 

conservation studies 

ROCEM EVK4-CT-2002-00084 Roman cement to restore built heritage effectively




SUIT EVK4-CT-2000-00017 Sustainable development of urban historical areas 

through active integration within towns 

APPEAR EVK4-CT-2002-00091 Accessibility Projects. Sustainable Preservation and 

Enhancement of urban subsoil Archeological 

Remains 

http://www.in-situ.be

INCO International Co-operation in research 



ARCHI-MED ICA3-1999-00002 Archaeological composites in Mediterranean architecture : 

baked glass ceramics alteration and re-creation 

CAHRISMA ICA3-1999-00007 Conservation of the acoustical heritage by the revival and 

identification of the Sinan's Mosque's acoustics 

CHIME ICA3-1999-00006 Conservation of historical Mediterranean sites by 

innovative seismic-protection techniques 

FORTIMED ICA3-1999-00003 Restoration and use of the early medieval fortifications in 

the east Mediterranean countries 

HERCOMANES ICA3-1999-00004 Heritage conservation and management in Egypt and 

Syria 

JEWELMED ICA3-1999-00005 Comparative Analysis Of Manufacturing Technologies In 

Goldsmithing And Silversmithing From The Vii To The I 

Century B.C In The Mediterranean Area 

www.ejtn.org 

TEXMED ICA3-1999-00001 New materials and eco-sustainable technologies for the 

conservation and restoration of textiles



BIOBRUSH (Novel approaches to conserve our European heritage: Bioremediation for 

Building Restoration of the Urban Stone Heritage in European States) 





BIOBRUSH will investigate how bioremediation can be used for conservation of stone and brick in 

heritage buildings as well as specific stoneworks and frescoes mostly affected by indoor and outdoor air 

pollution. It will focus on identification and culture of appropriate non-pathogenic microorganisms able to 

destroy mineral salty crusts as well as organic compounds, and of other bacteria, which, on the contrary, 

can produce “bio-calcite” consolidating stone materials. Treatment combinations will be tested in 

laboratory and in-situ under different climatic conditions and in urban and industrialised areas of Northern 

and Southern Europe. This innovative method is expected to be reversible, well controllable and possibly 

cheaper compared to current practice. Recommendations for these practical conservation strategies will 

be established in close collaboration between the scientific partners and the end-users including 

conservators and industries. 


1. To investigate bioremediation for conservation of stone and brick in heritage buildings throughout 

Europe. 

2. To use microbes to remove salts by crust mineral destroying processes and consolidate by mineralforming 

biocalcification. 

3. To screen, select and test suitable stone materials, safe microorganisms and practical delivery 

systems. 

4. To assess performance, durability and risk for innovative treatment combinations on stone 


1. Data set on types of materials, micro-organisms and delivery vehicles (initial by 9 months; completion 

by 15 months) 

2. Culture collection of safe micro-organisms for conservation use (initial by 18 months; complete by 33 

months) 

3. Choice of treatment options (initial 15 months ; final 33 months) 

4. Impact of bioremediation on stone properties (complete 24 months) 5. Performance and risks of new 

treatment on building stone in different climates (complete by 30 months) and brick in the laboratory 

and then on heritage buildings in European cities and urban environments. 

5. To identify the environmental constraints imposed by climate within Europe. 

6. To work closely with industry and conservators to recommend practical treatment strategies based on 

bioremediation for conservation practice to protect the European cultural heritage. 

Coordinator 

Dr E. May Tel: +442392842025 

University of Portsmouth Fax: +442392842070 

School of Biological Sciences E-mail: eric.may@port.ac.uk 

Portsmouth 

United Kingdom


Participants 

Stiftung Institut fuer WerkstofftechnikStiftung Privaten Rechts, Mikrobiologie -Paul-Feller-Str. 1,DE - 28199 Bremen, Contact Person: 

Warscheid, Thomas 

Universita' Degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food Science and TechnologyAgricultural, Environmental and Food Microbiology 

Section, Via Celoria 2, IT - 20133 Milan, Contact Person: Sorlini, Claudia 

Riga Technical University, Centre of Stone Material Conservation, Azenes 14/24, LV - 1048 Riga, Contact Peson: Knets, Ivars 

National Technical University of Athens, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering/Section of Geological Sciences 

9, Heroon Polytechniou Str, GR - 157 80 Athens, Contact Person: Vgenopoulos, Andreas 

Syremont S.P.A - Sistemi Per La Conservazione Ed Il Restauro, Syremont S.P.A., Viale Lombardia, 20, IT - 20021 Bollate, Contact 

Person: Chiavarini, Mauro


CARAMEL (Carbon content and origin of damage layers in European monuments) 





This project aims to contribute to the understanding of-black crusts growth in multi-pollutant influenced 

atmosphere, by focus on the key role of carbon particles as a vector of pollutant transport, deposition and 

transformation when embedded in patinas. Our comprehensive study will include measurements of soot 

particles in aerosols and in patinas including the two different fractions organic and elemental carbon. A 

new methodology for carbon analysis in patinas will be developed and a careful selection of target sites 

will allow us to constrain the role of the different combustion sources. Also, aesthetic damage to 

monuments will be related to the soot content of the crust. We will provide a formal and a user-friendly 

version of the modelling of particle transfer to be utilised for soiling estimates under present conditions 

and for future scenarios. The ultimate goal is to propose soot-based atmospheric thresholds. 



• selection of target sites (month 1) aerosol data set (month 12) black crust carbon analytical procedure 

and data set (month 12 and 34) source 

• apportionment in black crust (month 27) input meeting for data transfer (month 23) and soot-based 

aesthetic index (month 26) formal and user friendly 

• version of a transfer function model for soot particles (month 31) meeting with end-users; preliminary 

presentation of a set of soot thresholds (month 32) and soot-based threshold tree (month 36) 

Coordinator 

Dr Helene Cachier Tel: +330169823548 

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Fax: +330169823568 

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat E-mail: cachier@lsce.cnrsgif.fr 

et de l' Environnement 

Gif sur Yvette 

France 

Participants 

CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE - UMR 

CEA-CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse - Batiment 12, FR - 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Contact Person: Duval, Raymond 

CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano, Via Piero Gobetti 101 

40129 Bologna, Italy, Contact Person: Tampierie, Francesco 

CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciónes Cientificas, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla IRNAS, REINA 

MERCEDES, 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain, Contact Person: Cornejo Suero, Juan 

University of East Anglia, School of Environmental Sciences – CSERGE, University Plain, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK, Contact 

Person: Moulton, Tracy


DEMOTEC A - Development of A Monitoring System For Cultural Heritage Through 

European Co-Operation 


Contract Type: Accompanying measure End Date: 31-07-2004 



DEMOTEC-A aims to establish a network of experts and users to discuss and outline a common 

European observation system for comparative assessment of the state of preservation of cultural 

heritage. Large scale monitoring of cultural heritage on site is a relatively weakly developed field of 

research throughout the world, no international standards exist as of today. In near urban areas cultural 

heritage suffer from lack of integration and decay as the cities expand. At the other end of the scale, 

cultural heritage environments are left to natural degradation, overgrowing and loss of meaning, where 

areas are left abandoned or due to the effects of changing agricultural policy. These landscape 

development trends represent a serious challenge to cultural heritage management throughout Europe 

(ESDP 1999: 30; OECD 2001). Also the “Landscape Convention” (ETS 176) encourages public 

authorities to adopt policies and measures at local, regional, national and international level for protecting, 

managing and planning landscapes with their heritage contents throughout Europe. The user side to the 

development of a monitoring system is therefore very important and heavily stressed in DEMOTEC-A. 


The main objective is to initiate the development of a European monitoring system that establishes links 

between the various scales of monitoring site today. These scales most often are a landscape level, a 

monument or building level and a very detailed level (example: decorated surfaces). The basic innovative 

idea of the project is to develop a better understanding of how data obtained in different scales relate to 

each other and how data from different disciplines can be integrated into one monitoring system of 

inherent information at a reasonable prize. This includes traditional registration, monitoring and condition 

assessment in the fields of archaeology, architecture/engineering and conservation combined with 

geographic information systems (GIS). GIS secures efficient application of integrated geographic and 

statistical analysis to large sets of data. A joint European execution of such a system-development offers 

both economical as well as scientific benefits. Related to monitoring of cultural heritage values such a 

development would implicate application of international standards related to techniques, methodology, 

threshold values and reporting standards as well as structuring a pathways towards the community. 


The main objective of the accompanying measure is through exchange of experience, research results 

and testing towards a pilot model, to develop the framework for a European monitoring system based on 

co-ordinated indicators that help assess in a standardised way the state of cultural heritage preservation. 

The goal is to provide the basic concepts and framework for such a system that will, eventually, when 

developed, visualise the state of preservation of the European heritage to citizens, management and 

politicians as well as facilitating management decisions. In total DEMOTEC-A aims to establish a 

common framework for further development of tools to protect the diverse cultural values linked to 

European landscapes as part of Europe’s common heritage.


Coordinator 

SKAR, Birgitte Tel: +4723355056 

Norwegian Instutute For Fax: +4723355061 

Cultural Heritage Research (Niku) E-mail: birgitte.skar@niku.no 

PB 736 Sentrum, 

Dronningens gate 13 

0105 Oslo 

NORWAY 

Participants 

NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE RESEARCH, PB 736 Sentrum, Dronningens gate 13, N-0105 Oslo, 

NORWAY, Contact Person: SKAR, Birgitte 

NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE RESEARCH, PB 736 Sentrum, Dronningens gate 13, N-0105 Oslo, 

NORWAY, Contact Person: BAKKESTUEN, Vegar 

RIKSANTIKVAREN, PB 8196 dep, Dronningens gate 13, N-0034 Oslo, NORWAY, Contact Person: LOSKA, Anke 

SOPRINTENDENZA ARCHEOLOGICA PER IL LAZIO, Via Pompeo Magno 2, 00192 Roma, ITALY, Contact Person: GHINI, 

Guisippina 

ESA/ESRIN, Via Galilei Galileo, Frascati, ITALY, Contact Person: FEA, Mauizio 

REBALA HERITAGE PARK, Joel¨htme, 74202 Harjumaa, ESTONIA, Contact Person: METS, Triinu 

EXPERT-CENTER FÜR DENKMALPFLEGE, Hardturmstrasse 181, 8005? Zurich, Switzerland, Contact person: Blauer Boehm 

Cristine


ESDCON (European Salt Damage Conservation Network) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2002-20013 Start Date: 

Contract Type: Thematic Network End Date: 



The preservation of cultural (art) objects and buildings is central to our quality of life. A major cause of 

damage is the growth of salt crystals within porous materials such as stone and plaster resulting in 

desegregation and loss of the object surface. However, crystal formation can now be predicted by stateof-the-art 

geochemical (computer) models, and safe environmental conditions identified. Our objective is 

to improve conservation practice, Europe wide, for historical stonework and cultural objects affected by 

salt damage. This will be achieved using the world wide web to: (i) promote, teach, and apply advanced 

models for predicting the conditions leading to salt damage; (ii) organise and coordinate user groups 

focussing on conservation problems. Network outputs will be improved and innovative conservation 

strategies, increased collaboration between researchers, practitioners and decision-makers, and 

stimulation of new research. 


Overall, to improve conservation practice for buildings, historical stonework, and cultural objects affected 

by salt damage. Specific objectives are structured around a development period, two project meetings, 

and a "launch" conference: 

1. Establish a network website with a novel computer model for calculating the environmental conditions 

leading to salt damage, and for training and user communication. 

2. Initiate and operate the network to: identify key salt damage conservation problems, establish user 

groups and mediate their research and conservation activities, develop tutorials, and evaluate best 

conservation practice for different types of salt contamination. 

3. Open the network publicly at a conference/workshop for researchers and end-users, including handson 

instruction in its use and discussion of future salt damage research. 

The principal management and development tasks for initiating, operating, and delivering the 

conservation and cultural heritage benefits of the network are as follows: 

1. Transfer an existing salt damage (computer) model to the World Wide Web, and set up the network 

website and bulletin board. This involves FORTRAN, html, and general computer programming. Test 

the model and website (key network members) and revise for use by the full network. 

2. At the first network meeting: identify key conservation problems among the user community; oversee 

the formation of user groups; establish a range of conservation sites and objects for evaluating the 

use of the model. Tutorials on the application of the salt damage model to key conservation problems 

will be produced. 

3. At the second network meeting the steering committee, and principal network members, will review 

and finalise the website, bulletin board, and draft tutorials. The tutorials will be integrated into the 

website and all pages converted into French, German, Greek, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. An 

evaluation of best conservation practice for objects and monuments contaminated by different types 

of salt mixtures will be initiated. 

4. The network launch conference/workshop will focus on: publicising and opening up the network as a 

general resource, discussion of the recommendations for best conservation practice, establishing the 

critical problems requiring new research into salt damage redemption, and future network 

developments. Organisation of the meeting involves design and production of publicity material, 

presentations by user groups, and a guide to the use of all aspects of the ESDCoN network. 

5. The mature network will be actively managed for 6 months after the launch conference/workshop. 

The steering committee will act to maintain and strengthen user collaborations and particularly 

establish new training courses-and research projects.



Key overall deliverables: 

1. ESDCoN multi-language website with: 

• conservation tool (computer model); 

• (ii) bulletin board for communication; 

• contact details/interests of all network members; 

• on-line tutorials. 

2. Recommendations of best conservation practice for objects contaminated with different salts, based 

upon the activities of usergroups. 

3. Launch conference/workshop, which publicises, presents and instructs in the use of the mature 

network and conservation tool. 

Coordinator 

Clegg, Simon Dr Tel: +441603593185 

University of East Anglia Fax: +441603507719 

School of Environmental Sciences, E-mail: s.clegg@uea.ac.uk 

University of East Anglia 

Norwich 


Participants 

University College London, Institute of Archaeology, 31-34 Gordon Square, GB - WC1H 0PY London, UK, Contact Person: Vickers, 

Ilse 

University of Hamburg, Institut fuer Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Universitaet Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 DE - 

20146 Hamburg, Contact Person: Friese, Dieter 

Community of Mediterranean Universities (Cum) University School of Monument Conservation, Instituto Universitario di Architettura 

di Venezia Dipartimento di Costruzione dell'Architettura Tolentini, Santa Croce 191, IT - 30135 Venezia, Contact Person: Ambrosi, 

Luigi 

Universidad de Granada, Departamento De Mineralogia Y Petrologia, Fuentenueva S/N, ES - 18002 Granada, Contact Person: 

Paya Albert, Rafael 

Cercle des Partenaires du Patrimoine, Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques 29 Rue De Paris, FR - 77420 

Champs Sur Marne, Contact Person: Pallot-Frossard, Isabelle 

Expert-Center fuer Denkmalpflege, Labor Zuerich, Expert-Center Fuer Denkmalpflege, Labor Zuerich Hardturmstrasse 181, CH - 

8005 Zuerich, Contact Person: Blaeuer Boehm, Christine 

Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Tno Building And Construction Research, Dept. Building Systems, NL - 

2600 AA Delft, Contact Person: Van Staalduinen, Piet 

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Instituto De Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia de Sevilla, Reina Mercedes, 10 ES 

- 41012 Sevilla, Contact Person: Cornejo Suero, Juan 

Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e dell'Oceano Via P. Gobetti 101, IT - 40129 Bologna, 

Contact Person: Tampieri, Francesco 

National Technical University of Athens, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Section of Materials Science and Engineering, 9, Iroon 

Polytechneiou St., Zografou Campus, GR - 157 73 Athens, Contact Person: Simopoulos, Simos 

Instituto Superior Técnico, Instituto Superior TécnicoLaboratório de Mineralogia, Av. Rovisco Pais, Contact Person: Matos Ferreira, 

Carlos 

Chancxellor, Masters and Scholars of The University of Oxford, School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford, 

Mansfield Road, GB - OX1 3TB Oxford, Contact Person: Espinasse, Pierre 

The British Museum, Department of Conservation, The British Museum Great Russell Street GB - WC1B 3DG London, Contact 

Person: Bradley, Susan 

Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Kik-Irpa - Department Laboratories, Jubelpark 1,BE - B-1000 Brussels, Contact Peson: De 

Witte, Eddy


Dmt-Gesellschaft fuer Lehre Und Bildung Mbh Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum, Fachbereich Denkmalschutz/Materialkunde, 

Herner Strasse 45, DE - 44787 Bochum, Contact Person: Kirchner, Dirk 

The Governing Body of Suomenlinna, The Planning Department / The Governing Body Of Suomenlinna, Suomenlinna C 40, FI - 

00190 Helsinki, Contact Person: Lahdenmaeki, Heikki 

Building Research Establishment Ltd, Centre For Whole Life Construction and Conservation Bucknalls Lane, Garston, GB - WD25 

9XX Watford, Contact Person: Yates, Timothy 

Charles University In Prague, Institute Of Geochemistry, Mineralogy And Mineral ResourcesFaculty Of Science, Charles University, 

Albertov 6, CZ - 128 43 Prague 2, Contact Person: Prikryl, Richard 

Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet, Muenster, Institut fuer Mineralogie, Correnstrasse 24 DE - 48149 Münster, Contact Person: 

Stegtmeyer, Christoph 

The Queen'S University of Belfast, School of GeographyQueen'S University of Belfast, University Road, GB - BT7 1NN Belfast, 

Contact Person: Ruddell, Fred 

Belgian Building Research Institute (Cstc/Wtcb), Boulevard Poincaré 79, BE - 1060 Brussels, Contact Person: Venstermans, Jan 

De Montfort University, Faculty of Art and DesignCentre for Conservation Studies De Montfort University, The Gateway, GB - LE1 

9BH Leicester, Contact Person: Hudson, Grahame 

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Civil EngineeringDepartment, R. Lemaire Centre for Conservation, 

Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, BE - B-3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Contact Person: Oosterlinck, André 

Brno University of Technology, Department of Chemistry of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Zizkova 17, CZ - 662 37 Brno, Contact 

Person: Puchrík, Jaroslav 

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Eduardo Torroja de Ciencias de la Construcción, Serrano Galvache S/N, 

ES - 28033 Madrid, Contact Person: Andrade, Carmen 

Technical University Eindhoven, Department of Applied Physics, Den Dolech 2, NL - 5600MB Eidhoven, Contact Person: Brabers, 

Vic 

Czech Technical University in Prague, Department of Structural Mechanics of The Faculty of Civil Eng., Thakurova 7, CZ - 16629 

Prague 6, Contact Person: Lamboj, Ladislav 

Stiftung Institut fuer Werkstofftechnik, Amtliche Materialpruefungsanstalt Bremen (Mpa) Abt. Analytische Baustoffmikroskopie, Paul- 

Feller-Str. 1, DE - 28199 Bremen, Contact Person: Juling, Herbert 

Ghent University, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Krijgslaan 281 S8, BE - B-9000 Gent, Contact Person: Willems, 

Jacques 

Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Department of Construction Materials, Av. Do Brasil 101 PT - 1700-066 Lisboa, Contact 

Person: Correia, Rui M. 

Institute for Mineralogie and Petrography University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, AT - 6020 Insbruck, Contact Person: Mirwald, Peter W. 

Université Paris 12 - Val de Marne, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, 61 Avenue Du Général De Gaulle, 

FR - 94010 Créteil, Contact Person: Mengal, Paul 

Universiteit Antwerpen- Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen, Department of Chemistry - Micro- and Trace Analysis Centre (Mitac), 

Universiteitsplein 1 BE - 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerpen, Contact Person: Adams, Anne 

Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Institute for The Preservation of Historical Monuments AndSites, Technology And 

Conservation Research Group, Hardturmstrasse 181, CH - 8005 Zurich, Contact Person: Zehnder, Konrad 

Universitaet Oldenburg, Fachbereich 8 - Physik Angewandte Optik, DE - D-26111 Oldenburg, Contact Person: Rother, Guenther 

Fachhochschule Koeln University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Fachbereich Restaurierung und Konservierung von Kunst- 

UndKulturgut, Ubierring 40, DE - 50678 Cologne, Contact Person: Jaegers, Elisabeth 

Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, Conservation of Wall Painting Department, Courtauld Institute of Art, University of


London, Somerset House, Strand GB - WC2R 0RN London, Contact Person: Cather, Sharon 

Cliveden Conservation Workshop Ltd, Laboratory, The Tennis Courts, Cliveden Estate, GB - SL6 0JA Taplow, Near Maidenhead, 

Berkshire, Contact Person: Schwar, Michael 

English Heritage (Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England), Building Conservation and Research Team, Head 

Office, 23 Savile Row, GB - W1S 2ET London, Contact Person: Fidler, John 

The National Trust, The Conservation Servile, The National Trust, 36 Queen Anne'S Gate GB - SW1H 9AS London, Contact 

Person: Lithgow, Katherine 

Bath & North East Somerset District Council, Roman Baths Museum, Stall Street GB - BA1 1LZ Bath, Contact Person: Clews, 

Stephen 

School of Conservation The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, School of Conservation Esplanaden 34, DK - 1263 Copenhagen 

K, Contact Person: Kalsbeek, Nicoline


FIRE-TECH (Fire Risk Evaluation to European Cultural heritage-Quantification of 

priorities and optimisation of fire protection strategies) 





FIRE-TECH is a Thematic Network to analyse the fire behaviour of a series of ancient construction 

products and provide information on existing technologies for fire protection and their efficiency, cost and 

applicability to various types of cultural heritage projects. A fire risk analysis method and a quantitative 

decision method will be defined and described in a guidance manual for all concerned authorities and 

owners of fire-vulnerable artefacts. 


This proposal has two main objectives: 

1. To develop a quantitative decision method able to prioritise between series of fire protection projects 

for different cultural heritage, on the basis of the highest reduction in expected fire losses for the 

investment made. The following parameters will be taken into account: the 'value' of cultural heritage, 

the fire risk, and the efficiency of the fire protection and its cost. 

2. To provide authorities, owners of cultural heritage, preservationists and other potential users of the 

results of this study with: - a fire risk evaluation method - information on the fire behaviour of ancient 

construction products the existing technologies for fire protection and their efficiency, cost and 

applicability in cultural heritage protection projects. 


1. Governments and corporate/private investors - owners will have better information on the fire 

prevention in cultural heritage buildings trough the provision of: 

a. Detailed information on fire prevention systems and products 

b. Risk analysis methods 

c. Quantitative decision model 

2. Insurers will be able to better evaluate the fire risk in Cultural Heritage and to improve the 

performance of their business. 

3. This project will also improve the acceptability of fire safety engineering for the protection of Cultural 

Heritage rather than the application of prescriptive regulations. 

4. The fire safety industry expects to extend its market. Potentially, the need for new or adapted 

products will be demonstrated. This will lead to new opportunities. 

5. The partners in this consortium will improve both their knowledge and reputation on the field of 

protection of Cultural Heritage. Publications in scientific journals will give them better access to 

research grants and participations in research consortia both on the national and international 

scenes. It will support their participation in the international standardisation, both at CEN (TC 127) 

and ISO level (TC 92).


Coordinator 

Pr P.Vandevelde Tel: +3292437750 

Gent University Fax: +3292437751 

Dept for flow, heat and combustion E-mail: Paul.Vandevelde@rug.ac.be 

Mechanic laboratory for heat transfer 

and fuel technology 

Gent 

Belgium 

Participants 

Warrington Fire Research Group Ltd, Warrington Fire Research – Consultants, Holmesfield Road, GB - WA1 2DS Warrington, 

Contact Person: Deakin, Geoff 

Instituto Superior Récnico, Departamento Eng. Civil, Av. Rovisco Pais, PT - 1049-001 Lisboa, Contact Person: Cabrita Neves, 

Ildefonso 

Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Tno Building and Construction Research Centre for Fire Research Lange 

Kleiweg 5, NL - 2600 AA Delft, Contact Person: Twilt, Leen 

Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, Cstb - Centre de Recherche de Marne - La – Vallée, Avenue Jean Jaurès, 84 FR - 

F-77421 Marne - La – Vallée, Contact Person: Curtat, Michel 

Braunschweig University of Technology, Institut fuer Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz der Technischen Universitaet 

Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 52, DE - 38106 Braunschweig, Contact Person: Dobbernack, Hans 

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Civil Engineering Department Laboratory of Building Construction, University Campus GR - 

54006 Thessaloniki, contact Person: Papaiaonnou, Kyriakos 

Institut fuer Stahlbau, Holzbau und Mischbautechnologie, Techniker Strasse 13,AT - 6020 Innsbruck, Contract Person: Hartl, Hans 

Istituto Universitario di Architettura Venezia, Dept. of Architecture, Santa Croce 191 - 30315 Venezia, Italy , Contact Person: 

Siviero, Enzo 

Fire Safety Nordic AB , Orkestergatan 55, SE - 37149 Karlskrona, Contact Person: Rantatalo, Tomas 

Non-profit Company for Quality Control and Innovation in Building, Diószegi út 37, 1113 Budapest, Hungary, Banky, Támas


FRIENDLY HEATING (Friendly heating: comfortable to people and compatible with 

conservation of art works preserved in churches) 





FRIENDLY HEATING aims to develop and test a prototype of a modular and controlled heating 

equipment for churches and other places of worship or historical buildings, ensuring comfort of the people 

present while remaining compatible with the conservations of the art works. The equipment will diffuse 

warm air circulating only in the seating area. The indoor microclimate of these premises including a 

number of parameters such as humidity, air flux and temperature will be studied to avoid moisture, dust 

and air leakages and condensation. Guidelines and best practice recommendations will be produced for 

an optimal utilisation of the equipment, taking into account a range of various weather conditions. 


For protecting artworks in churches, or in historical buildings heated only at times, a heating system is 

proposed which is able to contain heated air just in the area where people stay. Warm air will be emitted 

from diffusers sited at the base of benches and will be then sucked out together with the moisture 

released by people by means of a low pressure operated by suction openings on the upper part of the 

benches. No leakage of air enriched with heat, moisture and dust, will be allowed from the seating area, 

and the artworks in proximity of walls will remaining conditions absolutely safe. The plant will be designed 

after knowledge of the local climate and will be planned with the help of simulation models. In order to 

verify the efficiency of this system, some surveys with tracers added to the warm air will check that warm 

air remains only in the seating area, without leakage. Field monitoring will be used as feed-back to set-up 

the system. 

In a church, heated only one day per week for church services, the problem of combining cost of heating, 

comfort and conservation is still unsolved. 

The environment is generally uncomfortable for churchgoers and very often the air is dangerous for 

conservation. During liturgical services, the dynamic regime associated with air heating and release of 

moisture from people can generate conflicting situations. The sudden warming of the air causes a drop in 

the relative humidity and artworks with short-time thermal inertia (e.g. paintings on canvas and historical 

tapestries) are dehydrated and contract. On the other hand, the walls remain cold, below the dew point, 

and part of the moisture emitted by people condenses on surfaces that remain cold due to their large 

thermal inertia like frescoes, statues, stucco decorations on walls, ceilings and stained glass. To protect 

artworks in churches, we propose a heating system, which is able to contain heat to the area where the 

churchgoers congregate. The system will emit warm air at low temperature and at very low velocity from 

diffusers sited at the base of pews. This will be integrated with heating foils at low temperature sited in 

bench furnishing. In order to reduce the ambient dispersion of warm air, this will be partially sucked up by 

means of tubes with suction openings placed on the upper part of the pews. At the same time, this 

suction will remove part of the dangerous excess moisture emitted by people breathing. Due to the 

combined effect of moderate bench heating, and air suction, heat will mainly remain concentrated in the 

area where people congregate, and the relatively modest leakage of air enriched with heat, dust and 

moisture will not affect the artworks in proximity of walls. Artworks will remain in safe conditions. 


Main Events 

1) Kick-off Meeting: Rocca Pietore, 28-29 April 2002 

2) Presentation to the Mayor, the Priest and the Town People: Rocca Pietore, 29 April 2002 

3)Discussion with the Soprintendenza Beni Artistici e Storici del Veneto and the Soprintendenza Beni 

Ambientali e Architettonici del Veneto Orientale, Venice 2 May 2002 

4)November: Installation of the external Weather Station and the indoor automatic sampling


Next Events 

1)Installation of the novel Heating System Prototype 

2)Annual Meeting with the participation of the Stakeholder Group: 11 January 2003 Rocca Pietore. 

3)Multidisciplinary Field Survey: (6-18 January 2003) 

Coordinator 

CAMUFFO, Dario (Dr) Tel: +390498295902 

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF ITALY Fax: +390498295915 

INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES E-mail: camuffo@ictr.pd.cnr.it 

AND CLIMATE 

Corso Stati Uniti 4, 

35127, PADOVA 

VENETO, ITALY 

Participants 

INSTITUTE OF CATALYSIS AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY - POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Ul. Niezapominajek 8, KRAKOW, 

POLAND, 30 239, Contact Person: Kozlowski, Roman (Professor) 

EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND PLANNING, FACULTY OF 

BUILDING, ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING, Den Dolech 2, EINDHOVEN Zuidoost-Noord-Brabant, NETHERLANDS 5600 MB, 

Contact Person: Schellen, Henk (Dr, Ir) 

UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP, MICRO AND TRACE ANALYSIS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT CHEMISTRY, Universiteitsplein 1 

WILRIJK (ANTWERPEN), ANTWERPEN, BELGIUM, 2610, Contact Person: Van Grieken René (Professor) 

MILANOPROGETTI SNC, Corso Sempione 62, MILANO, ITALY 20154 Contact Person: Consonni, Giovanni (Ir.) 

FIRMA ZAJACZKOWSKA - KLODA SP. Z.O.O., Nawrot 36/13, LODZ, POLAND, 90 055, ntact Person: Kozarzewski, Marcin (Mr) 

FINNISH INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, Department: LABORATORY OF PHYSIOLOGY, OULU REGIONAL 

INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, Aapistie 1, OULU, POHJOIS-SUOMI Pohjois-Pohjanmaa, FINLAND, 90220, Contact 

Person: Rissanen, Sirkka (Dr)


IDAP (Improved Damage Assessments of parchments) 





IDAP aims to improve the damage assessment of parchments (e.g. manuscripts, scrolls, charters, book 

covers) by the correlation between the observed state of preservation and measured conditions, through 

non and/or micro-destructive techniques to study their hydrothermal, thermochemical, and thermophysical 

properties, chemical composition and structural damage. Complementarity and variations will be sought 

in the choice of the samples with respect to their nature, origin, treatment and storage conditions, and 

geographical distribution. Artificial ageing of new parchments will supplement damage studies of historical 

materials. The main deliverables including recommendations to conservators and restorers will be an 

improved visual and microscopical “Parchment Damage Assessment Programme”(PDAP) developed 

together with an “early warning system” to detect latent fatal damage in the parchment structure, and a 

“Digitalised User-Friendly Parchment Damage Atlas”(DUPDA) describing all significant damage 

characteristics. This will help avoid damaging preservation actions and wasting resources. 


In line with the programme objectives of the thematic programme, The City of Tomorrow and Cultural 

Heritage (4.2.1) the objectives of the project is to improve the damage assessment of parchment by the 

correlation between, the observed state of preservation and the measured condition, using 

complementary non-destructive and micro-analytical assessment. The improved damage assessment will 

be the basis for improved conservation planning and conservation and restoration of parchment. 

The objectives will be achieved by establishing and make available for the end-users in conservation and 

restoration of parchment on the Internet and/or CDR: 

1. A Parchment Damage Assessment Programme (PDAP). 

2. An Early Warning System (EWS). 

3. A Digitalised User-friendly Parchment Damage Atlas (DUPDA). 


The milestones and expected results of the project will include a database with the data and results on 

damages on parchments obtained by visual, microscopic and advanced chemical and physical 

assessment based on non-destructive and microanalytical methods. The expected major results of the 

project will be PDAP, EWS and DUPDA. The latter also including the precautions and recommendations 

on storage and treatment of the parchment in different stage of deterioration with links to all relevant data 

from the advanced micro-level chemical, structural and thermochemical analysis. 

Coordinator 

Dr René Larsen Tel: +4533744703 

School of Conservation Fax: +4533744777 

The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts E-mail: rl@kons.dk 

Copenhagen 

Denmark 

Participants 

School of Conservation The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (SC.RDAFA), Esplanaden 34, DK-1263 Copenhagen, 

Denmark, Contact person: Dr. René Larsen 

Foundation for Research & Technology - Hellas Institute of Chemical Engineering & High Temperature Chemical Process 

(FORTH/ICE-HT) , P.O. Box 1414, University Campus, GR-26500 Patras, GREECE Contact person: Dr. Soghomon Boghosian


University of London Birkbeck College (BkC), Malet Street London WC1E 7HX 

United Kingdom Contact person: Dr. Marianne Odlyha 

Centre de Recherches sur la Conservation des Documents Graphiques (CRCDG), 36, rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire F-75005 

Paris France, Contact person: Frédérique Juchauld 

University of Stirling Department of Biological and Molecular Science (UoS) Hillfoots Road Stirling FK9 4LA United Kingdom 

Contact person: Dr. Tim Wess 

University of Turin Department of Chemistry IFM (University Turin) Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino Italy Contact person: 

Dr. Guiseppe Della Gatta 

The Royal Library, Denmark (KB Lergravsvej 59, 4 DK-2300 Copenhagen S Denmark Contact person: Birgit Vinther Hansen 

National Library of the Czech Republic Conservation Department (NLCR Sterboholska 55 Cz-10200 Praha 15 Hostivar Czech 

Republic Contact person: Head of Conservation Jiri Vnoucek


IMPACT (Innovative modelling of museum pollution and conservation thresholds) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2000-00031 Start date: 01-12-2000 

Contract Type: Cost-sharing contracts End date: 30-11-2003 



The problem of pollution damage to cultural heritage in museums, galleries and archives is one faced by 

cultural heritage institutions throughout Europe. Yet, although most institutions are aware of the pollution 

problem, and are keen to deal with it, they frequently lack the expert knowledge to make informed 

decisions about what might be the best approach to pollution control for them. Only the largest and most 

prestigious institutions can be expected to employ conservators or scientists with any knowledge in this 

area. Many smaller institutions may employ no conservation staff at all. In addition, many architects and 

designers who work on cultural heritage buildings also lack knowledge of the types of pollution damage 

that can occur in museums. 

This project aims to develop a software tool to assist museums in dealing with the problem of pollutant 

damage to indoors cultural heritage. The tool will enable museum staff, architects and engineers to make 

sensible decisions about pollution control for their organisations. 


The main objectives of this project are: 

• to assist museums in the control of damaging gaseous pollutants by the production of a public 

domain (web-based) software tool that can 

• predict indoor pollutant concentrations from outdoor concentrations and building parameters; 

• give information on the damage this pollution is likely to cause, and suggest suitable depositionbased 

control thresholds; 

• assess the impact of different pollution control strategies and encourage museums to adopt best 

practice in preventive conservation; and 

• develop materials suitable for use as passive pollution absorbers in museums 

The software tool will include a model of pollutant behaviour in museum buildings that will predict indoor 

concentrations from outdoor concentrations and building parameters. An expert systems-type component 

will give information on object damage likely to be caused by the predicted pollutant concentration, 

suggest possible remedial strategies and compare outcomes of different strategies. 

Underpinning the software tool is a deposition-based steady state model of pollutant behaviour indoors. 

This will use deposition velocity data measured in the project for gases such as sulphur dioxide, nitrogen 

dioxide, ozone, formaldehyde and hydrogen sulphide on building fabric and finishes and object materials. 


The successful outcome of the project will be improved, more energy-efficient pollution control in 

museums and galleries throughout Europe, particularly in smaller institutions, which do not possess 

specialist staff who have detailed knowledge of these issues. 

Coordinator 

Vickers, Ilse (Dr) Tel: 

University College London Fax: 

Bartlett School of Architecture and Planning E-mail: Nigel.Blades@ucl.ac.uk 

Gower Street 

WC1E 6BT London 

United Kingdom


Participants 

School of Environmental Sciences Organisation: University of East Anglia University Plain NR4 7TJ Norwich United Kingdom 

Contact Person: Moulton, Tracy (Ms) 

Emcel Filters Ltd Blatchford Road RH13 5RA Horsham United Kingdom Contact Person: Kemp, Barry (Mr) 

National Museum in Krakow Al. 3 Maja 1, 30 062 Krakow Poland Contact Person: Golubiew, Zofia (Mrs) 

Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 18 Instituttveien 18, Po Box 100, 2027 Kjellernorway Contact Person: Berg, Paal (Mr)


ITER (Isotopic Technologies applied to the analysis of ancient mortors) 



Project URL: http://www.iter-eu.com Duration: 24 months 


ITER proposes to test isotopic techniques on ancient Roman Mortars, with the objectives to demonstrate 

their scientific validity and understand, why roman mortars are so resistant to physico-chemical alteration; 

to collect all data in a database, with the aim to produce the mortars more accurately and to develop new 

products. 

This project proposes to test innovative isotopes analytical methods, in complement to the traditional 

ones. Isotopic analysis offers some major advantages as compared with conventional analytical 

techniques, like: 

• Provenance and geological history of material 

• Determination of manufacturing parametres (e.g. burning temperature) 

• Weathering and physico-chemical processes 

Three sites are investigated in Italy (Rome Valle dell’Aniene), Germany (Xanten Colonia Ulpia Traiana) 

and Israel (City of Beit-Shean (1-2 Sec. D.C), Cesarea Marittima (Harbour of Herodes 30-40 a.C-200 

d.C.) 

Typical modern mortars, industrially available, will also be investigated to compare their parametres with 

ancient ones and to enable the analytical testing methods to be standarised. The results are stored in the 

form of an innovative database. In the final phase of the project the scientific and technical knowledge 

about ancient mortar production will converge in a production sample of an improved mortar. 


• To understand why roman mortars are resistant to physico-chemical alteration 

• To test and evaluate the scientific validity of isotopic analytical investigations and methodologies on 

ancient building materials 

• To produce prototypes at laboratory scale, of mortars based on the knowledge and data gained for a 

better conservation of cultural heritage 


Coordinator 

Dr Lorenz Eichinger Tel: +49844492890 

Hydroisotop GmbH Fax: +4498444928929 

Woelkestrabe 9 E-mail: hydroisotop@t-online.de 

85301 Schweitenkirchen www.iter-eu.com 

Germany 

Participants 

Krusemark GmbH 1 Co. KG., Industriestrasse 25-27,D-63165 Mühlheim am Main, Germany, Contact person: Michael Krusemark 

SERVIN, SCRL – Societá di Ingegneria e Geologia Ambientale, Via Buozzi 4, 48100 Ravenna, Italy, Contact person: Dr. Beppe 

Patrizi 

Centro CNR ‘Gino Bozza’, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy, Contact perosn: Dr. Roberto 

Bugini 

IFE – Institut for Energy Technology, P.O. Box 40, N 2007 Kjeller, Norway, Contact person: Dr. Goran Aberg


FUTUREtec, GmbH, Hauptstrasse 188, D-51465 Bergisch Gladbach (Köln), Germany, Contact person: DR. Caterina Rehm- 

Berbenni 

Soprintendenza Archeologica per il Lazio, Via Pompeo Magno 2, 00193 Roma, Italy, Contact person: Maria Grazia Fiore 

Israel Antiquites Authority, Conservation Department, P.O. Box 586, 91004, Jerusalem, Israel 

Landschaftsverband Rheinland, Archeologischer Park Xanten, Trajanstrasse 4, 46509 Xanten, Germany


LiDO (A light dosimeter for monitoring cultural heritage: development, testing and 

transfer to market) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2000-00016 Start Date: 01.02.2001 

Contract Type: Research End Date: 31.01.2004 



Lighting is one of the most important factors enabling visitors to fully enjoy the visual aspect of art. 

However, light also has to be considered as a threat to many works of art, as demonstrated by numerous 

examples. The lighting situation indoors can be characterised by a number of commercially available 

instruments (luxmeters and radiometers). However, this equipment is not appropriate for routine 

applications in museums. An obvious attempt to avoid complicated measurements is to use a simulation 

material on which the effect of light can be studied. Therefore, this proposed project has been conceived 

with the following objectives: i) the investigation of different combinations of dyes/matrices/substrates and 

their response to different light levels by laboratory and field exposure, ii) the development of a 

standardised preparation method and quality control for light dosimeters. The aim of this project is to 

develop and test light dosimeters for monitoring cultural heritage and to promote their transfer to market. 


The new dosimeters consist of sensitive dyes embedded in a polymer matrix, which is applied on a 

substrate (glass or paper). The sensitivity of the new prototype dosimeters is investigated after exposure 

in climate chambers (different radiation levels combined with defined temperature and humidity 

conditions). The colour change of the dosimeters is studied to determine threshold values for light 

induced effects, saturation effects, time dependence, spectral sensitivity, synergetic effects with other 

parameters etc. The quantification of the fading process will deliver data, which are easy to interpret. 

The field applications are realised in four museums where the lighting conditions are characterised with 

commercially available equipment: the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, the Victoria and Albert Museum in 

London, the Musée Cognacq-Jay in Paris and several historic houses in Prague. The project team 

consists of seven partners from five countries. Three research providers are responsible for the 

preparation of light dosimeters and the analysis of colour change: Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Silicatforschung 

ISC (D), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Documents Graphiques CRCDG (F) and Istituto di 

Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara” IFAC-CNR (I). Two end-users, the Victoria & Albert Museum (UK) and 

the State Institute for the Care of Historical Monuments SUPP (CZ) are responsible for the field exposure 

of light dosimeters and accompanying measures. Particle Technology (UK) and Dr. Dieter KockottUV- 

Technik (D) are two SMEs involved in the project from the beginning and ready to promote a marketing 

strategy for light dosimeters. 

The outcomes of the project will increase the awareness of conservators and curators about possible light 

damage on cultural heritage objects and promote the application of light dosimeters as a new working tool 

in preventive conservation. 


Light dosimeters, developed in this project, will provide a new tool for conservators and curators for 

quantifying the effect of light in museums before damage on sensitive objects occurs. The decisive 

milestone in the work programme was the mid-term assessment of the project, when results of laboratory 

and field tests have been discussed with an external expert. The second milestone at the end of the 

project will assess the fields of application for different types of light dosimeters, followed by the 

implementation of the marketing strategy. The results will be presented at a public workshop in Florence 

on 27/28 November 2003. For more information see: www.lido.fraunhofer.de


Coordinator 

Roemich, Hannelore (Dr) Tel: +499314100703 

Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Silicatforschung, Fax: +499314100799 

Bronnbach 28 E-mail: roemich@isc.fhg.de 

D-97877 Wertheim-Bronnbach Germany 

Participants 

Dr. DIETER KOCKOTT UV-TECHNIK, Vogelsbergstrasse 27, DE - 63456 Hanau, Contact Person: KOCKOTT, Dieter 

Centre de Recherches sur la Conservation des Documents Graphiques CRCDG Rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 36, FR - 75005 Paris, 

Contact Person: LAVEDRINE, Bertrand 

PARTICLE TECHNOLOGY Ltd, Station Yard Industrial Estate, GB - DE65 5DU Hatton - Derbyshire, Contact Person: BUXTON, 

RonI 

Instituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nelleo Carrara' IFAC-CNR, Via Panciatichi 64, IT - 50127 Firenze, Contact Person: BACCI, Mauro 

Victoria and Albert Museum, Science Section, Cromwell Road, GB - SW7 2RL London, Contact Person: MARTIN, Graham 

State Institute for the Care of Historical Monuments, Department of Technology, Valdstejnské nám. 3, CZ - 11801 Praha, Contact 

Person; DVORAK, Martin


MIMIC (Microclimate indoor monitoring in cultural heritage preservation) 





The ability to identify and assess damage to cultural heritage in museums, in particular by indoor 

pollutants, is a major and growing concern for many curators and conservators. The purpose of this 

project is to evaluate the effect of pollutants, threshold values for damage, and local microclimatic 

anomalies using economical damage dosimeters. These have been developed and the novel contribution 

in this project is to extend their capabilities with the use of quartz crystal piezoelectric technology to 

provide a simple method for evaluation, eventually on a continuous basis. Monitoring of microclimatic 

conditions would also be performed and passive sampling techniques will be used to measure pollutant 

levels. The resulting data will assist those responsible for historic buildings in improving the protection of 

precious paintings and tapestries, particularly on outer walls, from deleterious environmental effects. 



Coordinator 

Roberts, Brian (Mr) Tel: +442076316257 

Birkbeck College - University of London Fax: +442076316224 

School of Biological and Chemical Sciences E-mail: b.roberts@bbk.ac.uk 

Gordon House, 29 Gordon Square 

WC1H 0PP London 


Participants


MODHT (Monitoring of Damage in Historic Tapestries) 





MODHT seeks to improve the conditions of conservation of ancient tapestries through a better 

understanding of both the materials and methods used in their construction including the mechanism of 

degradation of the natural polymeric fibres at molecular level and their viscoelastic properties. The project 

will involve the production of model tapestries using traditional materials and methods, and a reference 

database for historic tapestries. Such knowledge will be used to define an assessment method for 

tapestries for use by curators and conservators-restorers to improve conditions of displays and storage. 



Coordinator 

Mr. David Howell Tel: +442087819814 

Historic Royal Palaces, Conservation Dept. Fax: +442087819813 

Hampton Court Palace E-mail: davidathcp@intonet.co.uk 

KT8 9AU Surrey 


Participants 

University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Textiles, Sackville Street, GB - M60 1QD Manchester, 

Contact Person: Hughes, Gwynfor 

Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Laboratory for Materials and Techniques, Jubelpark 1, BE - 1000 Brussel, Contact Person: 

Masschelein-Kleiner, 

Historic Royal Palaces, Conservation Department, Hampton Court Palace, GB - KT8 9AU Surrey, Contact Person: Coppin, Alan 

University of London, Birkbeck College, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Birkbeck College, Gordon House, 29 Gordon 

Square, GB - WC1H 0PP London, Contact Person: Roberts, Brian 

The University of Edinburgh, Department of chemistry, Palacio Real, GB - EH9 3JJ Edinburgh, Contact Person: Villaverde, Alvaro 

National Museums of Scotland, Department of Conservation & Analytical Research, Chambers Street, GB - EH1 1JF Edinburgh, 

Contact Person: Tate, James 

Consejo de Administration del Patrimonio Nacional, Area de Conservacion y Departmento de Restauracion Palacio Real, Madrid, 

C/Bailen S/N, ES - 28071 Madrid, Contact Person: Angel Balao, Gonzalez


MULTI-ASSESS (Model for multi-pollutant impact and assessment of threshold levels for 

cultural heritage) 





MULTI-ASSESS will assess the individual and synergetic multi-pollutant effects of wet and dry deposition 

of gases in particular sulphur, nitrogen, ozone, nitric acid- and of particles on deterioration and soiling of 

cultural heritage objects. A multi-pollutant model will be developed on the basis of an extensive field and 

laboratory exposure programme using passive and validated samples in 30 test sites from 18 countries 

including all parts of Europe and with a link to North America. The dose-response functions of the model 

will be used to identify and map areas exceeding threshold values. A tool-kit will be proposed for rapid 

risk assessment of corrosion and soiling of these chemical agents to objects of cultural heritage 

facilitating decisions concerning the care and restoration of buildings and others heritage objects by 

central and local authorities. The project will contribute to the improvement of European legislation on 

urban air pollution and will be also related with world-wide regulations in the field of cultural heritage 

conservation and, de facto, with economic factors. 


• To develop a multi-pollutant deterioration and soiling model of wet and dry deposition of gases and 

particulates on materials used in objects of the European cultural heritage 

• To use model results for assessment of pollution threshold levels and to recommend levels to be 

implemented in the future development of EU Directives on urban air quality in order to minimise the 

pollution effects on historic and cultural objects. 

• To then demonstrate the usefulness of the approach by mapping areas exceeding threshold levels in 

Europe using available environmental data from the EMEP programme, by identifying cities 

exceeding threshold values using the EEA "Airbase" database and by mapping areas exceeding 

threshold levels in a selected urban area. 

• To propose a tool for rapid risk assessment of the impact to objects of cultural heritage. 


• Validation and results of passive samplers for HNO3, particulates and soiling. 

• Dose-response fcn for materials used in objects of cultural heritage (OCH) .Pollution threshold levels 

for the future review of EU directives on pollutants limit values for preservation of OCH in a similar 

way as health and vegetation. 

• Mapping of risk areas in Europe. 

• A tool for rapid assessment of the deterioration risk to OCH, consisting of a kit of selected material 

specimens and passive samplers for pollutants. 

Coordinator 

Dr. Vladimir Kucera Tel: +4686741725 

Swedish Corrosion Institute AB Fax: +4686741780 

Kraeftriket 23A E-mail: vk@corr-institute.se 

10405 Stockholm 

Sweden


Participants 

Academy of Fine Arts, Institute of Chemistry, Schillerplatz 3, AT - 1010 Vienna, Contact Person: Schreiner, Manfred 

Bavarian State Department for Historical Monuments, Central Laboratory, Hofgraben 4, DE - 80076 Muenchen, Contact Person: 

Snethlage, Rolf 

Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing And Research, Corrosion / Surface Protection, Ueberlandstrasse 129 CH - 8600 

Duebendorf, Contact Person: Faller, Markus 

Ivl Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd, Ivl Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd Dagjaemningsgatan 1, SE - 

402 58 Goeteborg, Contact Person: 

Cnr-Istituto sull'Inquinamento Atmosferico, Via Salaria Km 29,300, IT - 00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Contact Person: 

Allegrini, Ivo 

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Applied Physics, Upper Air Physics Laboratory, Panepistimioupolis, 

Building Phys-5, GR - 15784 Athens, Contact Person: Dermitzakis, Michael 

Middlesex University, School of Health, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Archway Campus / Furnival Building / Highgate Hill, 

GB - N19 3UA London, Contact Person: Hamilton, Ron 

Svuom Ltd, Atmospheric Corrosion / Svuom Ltd, U Mestanskeho Pivovaru 4, CZ - 170 00 Prague, Contact Person: Lukasovska, 

Miroslava 

Building Research Establishment Ltd, Centre for Whole Life Construction And Conservation, Bucknalls Lane GB - WD25 9XX 

Watford, Contact Person: Yates, Timothy 

Norsk Institut for Luftforskning, Instituttveien 18, NO - 2027 Kjeller, Contact Person: Berg


ONSITEFORMASONRY (On-site investigation techniques for the structural evaluation of 

historic masonry buildings) 





ONSITEFORMASONRY aims to improve methodologies for inspection and assessment of ancient and 

often inhomogeneous masonry mainly consisting of brick, stone and mortar. The project approach will be 

to set up a diagnostic methodology based on promising Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT, in particular 

those based on radar, ultrasonic and sonic systems) with other “minor destructive” ones, allowing to 

evaluate the loading capacity of the masonry, to develop a positioning sensor for effective data 

acquisition and software for combined data analysis and reconstruction, as well as new models for 

structural evaluation and redesign. It will lead to the establishment of future standards by developing 

guidelines according to the type of materials and structures. It will also enable, at a lower price and more 

rapidly, end-users and owners to overcome damage effects resulting from the aggressive environment 

e.g. floods, earthquakes and various settlements, traffic vibrations, air pollution. It should therefore help to 

keep and reinforce the general safety and enhance the initial and/or new function of the historic building. 


The main objectives of the research project should consist in an improvement of cost/benefit ratio for 

investigation and diagnosis as follows: 

• Improvement on current techniques for better analysis, prediction and early prevention of 

environmental damages of Cultural Heritages (caused by ageing, microclimate, seismic and traffic 

vibrations and by dead loads) to avoid higher costs in strengthening and repair intervention 

• Production of investigation methodologies to allow more frequent assessment of Cultural Heritages 

with lower costs 

• Development of methodologies for effective integration of different techniques for the diagnosis and 

control of the efficiency of intervention 

• Evaluation and use of the results and data as input of structural analysis aimed to detect the residue 

load carrying capacity of the structures 

• Contribution to future standards of building assessment, by developing guidelines for the application 

and integration of the techniques according to the type of materials and buildings as information tool 

for end-users. 


• Reduction of the impact of environment damages of historic structures on the safety and quality of life 

for EU citizens 

• Knowledge about the state of deterioration of any building or structure supporting the management of 

Cultural Heritage and reducing the effect of construction on the environment to a minimum 

• Employment opportunities will be created in the technology supply sector (new technologies), in the 

inspection and structural assessment of Cultural Heritages (more services, also due to new 

recommendations) and in tourism (enabling the access of visitors to a higher amount of buildings) 

• Increase of the market for non-destructive assessment of historic structures requires more service 

providers (mostly SMEs)


Coordinator 

Dr C. Maierhofer Tel: +493081041441 

Federal Institute for Materials Research Fax: +493081041447 

and Testing (BAM) E-mail: christiane.maierhofer@bam.de 

Division IV.4 

Berlin 

Germany 

Participants 

Organisation: FEDERAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIAL RESEARCH AND TESTING 

Unter der Eichen 87, D-12205 BERLIN, GERMANY 

Organisation Type: Research 

Department: IV. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPATIBILITY OF MATERIALS 

IV.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT METHODS 

Contact Person: 

Name: MAIERHOFER, Christiane (Dr) 

Organisation: POLYTECHNIC OF MILAN 

Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 MILANO, ITALY 

Organisation Type: Education 

Department: DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 

Contact Person: BINDA, Luigia (Professor) and ZANZI, Luigi (Professor) 

Organisation: GEOTECNIA Y CIMIENTOS SA 

10 Los Llanos de Jerez 10-12, E-28820 COSLADA, SPAIN 

Organisation Type: Industry 

Department: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT 

Contact Person: Rodriguez, Jesus (Mr) 

Organisation: MALA GEOSCIENCE AB 

Skolgatan 11, S-930 70 MALAA, SWEDEN 

Organisation Type: Other 

Department: R&D 

Contact Person: JOHANSSON, Bernth (Mr) 

Organisation: UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA 

via Marzolo 9, I-35131 PADOVA, ITALY 


Department: DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURAL AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING 

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING 

Contact Person: MODENA, Claudio (Professor) 

Organisation: UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PISA 

via Diotisalvi 6, I-56126 PISA, ITALY 


Department: DIPARTIMENTO DI INGEGNERIA CIVILE 

Contact Person: MARCHISIO, Mario (Professor) 

Organisation: REGIONE TOSCANA 

via Gustavo Modena, 13, I-50121 FIRENZE, ITALY 


Department: DIPARTIMENTO DI SVILUPPO ECONOMICO 

AREA POLITICHE REGIONALI DELL'INNOVAZIONE E DELLA RICERCA 

Contact Person: GRAVINA, Francesco (Mr) 

Organisation: UNIVERSIDAD DE CASTILLA-LA MANCHA 

Paseo de la Universidad 4, E-13071 CIUDAD REAL, SPAIN 


Department: ESCUALE TECNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS 

Contact Person: GALVEZ, Jaime Carlos (Professor) 

Organisation: SLOVENIAN NATIONAL BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE 

12 Dimiceva 12, SI-1000 LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA 


Department: DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURES 

Contact Person: TOMAZEVIC, Miha (Professor)


Organisation: STIFTUNG LUTHERGEDENKSTAETTEN IN SACHSEN-ANHALT 

Collegienstrasse 54, D-06886 LUTHERSTADT WITTENBERG, GERMANY 


Contact Person: HENNEN, Christiane (Dr) 

Organisation: IRMA DIAGNOSIS (until 2002-11-05) 

via Lucca 50-52, I-50142 FIRENZE, ITALY 

Organisation Type: Industry 

Contact Person: FALCI, Massimo (Engineer) 

Organisation: JUNTA DE COMUNIDADES DE CASTILLA LA MANCHA 

Trinidad 8, E-45071 TOLEDO, SPAIN 


Department: DIRECCION GENERAL DE PATRIMONIO Y MUSEOS 

Contact Person: VILLAPALOS GASPAR, Esther 

Organisation: INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 

Slovenceva ulica 95, SI-1000 LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA 


Department: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT 

Contact Person: ZAJC, Andrej (Professor) 

Organisation: ADMINISTRAZIONE PROVINCIALE DI VERONA 

via Zeviani 8, I-37131 VERONA, ITALY 


Department: LABORATORIO PROVINCIALE PROVE SU MATERIALI DA COSTRUZIONE 

Contact Person: CASTEGINI, Riccardo (Dr) 

Organisation: ASSOCIATED RESEARCH CENTRE FOR HISTORIC STRUCTURES AND SITES (ITAM) 

Prosecka 76, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic 


Contact Person: VALEK, Jan (Dr)


VIDRIO (Determination of conditions to prevent weathering due to condensation, particle 

deposition and micro-organism growth on ancient stained glass windows with protective 

glazing) 





The aim of VIDRIO project is the identification and improvement of the best practice to preserve ancient 

stained glass windows in their original contest, taking into account their exploitation by mass tourism. 

The research is based on laboratory study/simulation and field survey to develop a deep knowledge on 

the correlation between ancient stained glass, protective glazing and environmental variables. 

Two monuments, the Sainte Chapelle of Paris and the Cathedral of Cologne will be considered, both 

included in the UNESCO’s World List of Cultural Heritage. With the agreement of the European 

Community the research - in Sainte Chapelle has been reduced for its administrative and managing 

problems, and a complete scientific programme at the St. Urbain’s Church in Troyes (France) has been 

added to the project. 

The innovation of VIDRIO project is to provide a global, multidisciplinary approach to the problem: for the 

first time the deterioration process of stained glass and the efficiency of protective glazing will be 

analysed from a physical, chemical and biological point of view, without neglecting aesthetic and artistic 

aspects. From a physical point of view, the project will study the microclimate between the ancient glass 

and the protective one, and a new dew point sensor will be developed and improved to detect the 

condensation. As regards the chemical aspect, the glass surface deposition and the air content of 

anthropogenic and natural particles will be analysed. Moreover, from the biological point of view, the fullrange 

microbial contamination on glass and its direct environment will be investigated, by using molecular 

biology means, without being limited to a specific group of bacteria or fungi. 

The final goal is to provide a methodology to preserve ancient stained glass window, to control 

deterioration and to try to identify the thresholds of danger from the largest point of view: physical, 

chemical and biological. 


• To reach a better understanding of stained glass windows deterioration 

• To furnish a reliable methods to evaluate the environment of stained glass windows and establish the 

most appropriate methodologies to avoid/minimise the effects of environmental parameters 

• To furnish the thresholds of environmental parameters to avoid weathering and constitute a milestone 

for developing a normative for the best practice to preserve stained glass windows 

• To improve and test on the site of a dew point sensor connected with an alarm system to monitor/ 

stop condensation on the glass panes. 

• To found the profound basis for better construction of protective glazing 

• To make more exploitable historic buildings and churches. 

• To vitalise an important marketing concerning stained glass presentation and restoration. 


• Test and improvement of new dew point device with an alarm system to avoid condensation. 

• Physical, chemical and microbiological field tests to found the thresholds to avoid deterioration. 

• Glass analysis composition, paint morphology weathered and glass sensors exposed. 

• Analysis of selected original samples. 

• Simulation tests in laboratory. 

• Methodology and thresholds of danger. 

• Basis for a better construction of protective glazing. 

• Mid-term assessment, TIP, Reports and public., web page for Cordis


Coordinator 

Dr. Adriana Bernardi Tel: +390498295906 

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Fax: +390498295915 

ISTITUTO DI SCIENZE DELL’ATMOSFERA Email: bernardi@ictr.pd.cnr.it 

E DEL CLIMA 

Corso Stati Uniti, 4 

35127 Padova 

Italy 

Participants 

UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP, CHEMISTRY, MICRO AND TRACE ANALYSIS CENTRE, Universiteitsplein 1, ANTWERPEN, 

2610 BELGIUM, Contact Person: VAN GRIEKEN, Contact Person: René (Professor) 

FRAUNHOFER Institut fuer Silicatforschung (FhG-ISC), Bronnbach Branch, Bronnbach, 28, WERTHEIM, 97877 GERMANY, 

Contact Person: RöMICH, Hannelore (Dr) 

UNIVERSITè PARIS XII, FACULTé DES SCIENCES, LABORATOIRE INTERUNIVERSITAIRE DES SYSTèMES 

ATMOSPéRIQUES, Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 61, CRETEIL 94010, France, Contact Person: LEFèèVRE, Roger 

Alexander (Professor) 

STAZIONE SPERIMENTALE DEL VETRO, Via Briati, 10, MURANO, VENEZIA 30141 ITALY, Contact Person: VERITà, Marco (Dr) 

TECNOPENTA s.a.s. di Maura Bellio, Via G. Galilei, 7a/2, TEOLO, PADOVA, 35037 ITALY, Contact Person: Bellio, Maura (Dr) 

CERCLE DES PARTENAIRES DU PATRIMOINE, LABORATOIRE DE RECHERCHE DES MONUMENTS HISTORIQUES, Rue de 

Paris, 29, CHAMPS SUR MARNE 77420 FRANCE, Contact Person: PALLOT FROSSARD, Isabelle (Mrs) 

GENALYSIS, Im Biotechnologiepark TGZ II, LUCKENWALDE, 14943 GERMANY, Contact Person: ROLLEKE, Sabine (Dr) 

Dombauverwaltung der Hohen Domkirche Köln, Roncalliplatz, 2, KöLN, 50667 GERMANY, Contact Person: BRINKMANN, 

Ulrike (Mrs)



ASSET (Assessment of suitable products for the conservation treatments of sea-salt decay) 





This project will select suitable protective products for sea-salts accumulating on stone and brick masonry 

monuments conditioned by marine environments. The products should isolate sea-salt trapped in the 

pores and prevent the further penetration, in relation to the environment conditions in which European 

historic buildings may be exposed to sea-salt effects. On the other hand, the project will elaborate 

methodologies for selecting the best conservation strategies for treatment of coastal historic monuments. 


The purpose project intent to pursue the following objectives: 

• to prepare, apply and control suitable products for conservative interventions on surfaces able 

• to prevent further penetrations by sea-salt; 

• to immobilise the already present sea-salt creating a memory effect. 

• to contribute to safeguarding buildings of the cities where the behaviour of stone and brick masonry 

is conditioned by the marine environment. 


• Selection of suitable protective products for sea salt 

• Environment of application of products and control of their effectiveness 

• Methodologies of conservative treatment for sea salt decay 

• Strategical Planning for the European Cultural Heritage 

Coordinator 

Prof Fulvio Zezza Tel: +390415271841 

Comunità delle Università Mediterranee Fax: +390412571019 

Dipartimento di Costruzione dell’Architettura E-mail: zezzaf@iuav.it 

IUAV-Università di Venezia. 

30125 Venezia 

Italy 

Participants 

CUM - Communità delle Università Mediterranee - UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MONUMENT CONSERVATION, Ateneo, piazza 

Umberto, 70120 Bari, Contact Person: Ambrosi Luigi. 

TNO - Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Building and Construction Research - Division Building Technology 

Department of Material Science, NL - 2600 AA Delft: Contact Person: Gouwens, Cornelis. 

REM - Remmers Bouwchemie B.V, Stephensonstraat 9, NL - 7900 AC Hoogeveen, Contact Person: SEINEN, Eddie. 

EUT - Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Department of Applied Physics, Den Dolech 2, NL - 5600 MB Eindhoven, Contact 

Person: Brabers, Vic. 

IUAV - Istituto Universitàrio di Architettura di Venezia, Dipartimento di Storia dell'Architettura San Polo 2468, IT - 30124 Venezia, 

Contact Person: Folin, Marino.


ULR - Université de La Rochelle, Laboratoire de Construction Civile et Maritime, Rue de Vaux de Foletier 15 FR - 17026 La 

Rochelle, Contact Person: Eskenazi, Christian.



BACPOLES (Preserving cultural heritage by preventing bacterial decay of wood in 

foundation poles and shipwrecks) 





BACPOLES aims to better understand bacterial degradation of wood in wooden foundations poles and 

archaeological sites in soil or water in such conditions where little or practically no oxygen is present. The 

project will initially rely on a study made in various European countries on local soil and water conditions 

as well as measurement techniques, and then on the analysis of chosen wood samples which will be 

analysed on chemical, physical, biological and dendrochronological aspects. For the first time, the wood 

attacking bacteria will be isolated and identified, using advanced molecular DNA biology. Techniques will 

be developed for the prediction, diagnosis, and curing environmental damage, possibly utilising specific 

phages against bacteria under strict controlled conditions. These techniques could be of great use to 

those responsible for the conservation, preventing expensive renovations or excavations for historic 

buildings. 


Submerged wood was considered safe from biological decay due to the absence or low oxygen content 

under water. Recently it became clear that bacteria cause degradation of wooden foundations and 

archaeological wood. Wood in cultural heritage is especially vulnerable to bacterial degradation because 

the process is so slow. Under optimal conditions severe bacterial degradation can occur within 50 years. 

In less optimal conditions wood can be resistant for decades or centuries. The process of bacterial 

degradation has to be understood in order to develop protection strategies. Identification of the attacking 

bacteria is a main goal and is the key to solving the problem. So far it has been impossible to identify the 

responsible bacteria. The latest developments in molecular DNA technology will be used. After 

identification of the bacteria, protection strategies will be developed based on the ecology of the bacteria 

and the possibilities to use phages (an innovative new medical techniques but new to wood science) will 

be explored. 


• A first review (18 months) includes a survey of the appearance of bacterial degradation across 

Europe. 

• A second review (made after 24 months) includes a list of wood attacking bacteria (published for the 

first time) and a correlation between bacterial degradation and environmental circumstances. 

• The final report (36 months) includes concept preservation strategies / methodologies, which could be 

directly implemented in the conservation activities of the industrial partners, modified for specific 

users, or compared with European standards. 

Coordinator 

Dr. René Klaassen Tel: +31317425422 

SHR Foundation for Timber Research Fax: +3131742783 

Stichting Hout Research E-mail: r.klaassen@shr.nl 

Section Wood Technology 

Postbox 497 

6700 AL Wageningen 

Netherlands


Participants 

SHR Foundation of Timber Research, Section - Wood Technology, Nieuwe kanaaldijk 9b, NL - 6709 - PA Wageningen, Contact 

Person: Klaassen, René 

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Wood Science, , Postbox 7008 SE 75007 Uppsal, Contact Person: 

Björdal, Charlotte 

University of Portsmouth Higher Education Corporation, School of Biological Sciences, King Henry Building, King Henry I Street, GB 

- PO1 2DY Portsmouth, Contact Person: Eaton, Rod 

Georg-August-Universitäet Göttingen, Institut für Bodenkunde und Waldernährung, Büsgenweg 2, D - 37077 Göttingen, Contact 

Person: Militz, Holger 

Fugro Ingenieursbureau B.V., Gyroscoopweg 94, NL - 1042 AX Amsterdam, Contact Person: Nelemans, Peter 

Ecopiano Engineering Srl, Via Furlanetto 12, IT - 35132 Padova, Contact Person: Abrami, Giovanni 

National Service for Archaeological Heritage, Kerkstraat 1, NL - 3811 CV Amersfoort, Contact Person: Vernimmen, Tamara 

RING Centre for Dendrochronology , Postbox 1600 NL - 3800 BP Amersfoort contact person Sass-Klaassen, Ute 

PhaGen AB, Berzelius Science Park SE 58225 Linköping, contact person Sven, Mårch


BIODAM (Inhibitors of biofilm damage on mineral materials) 





Incorporation of protective chemicals into biofilm communities damaging rocks in European heritage 

buildings is studied. Application of biocides and apoptosis signals into rock biofilms by light induction of 

targeted areas and compounds will be tested in the laboratory, on field exposure sites, and on monument 

rocks with anisotropic characteristics. Biocides, cell wall conditioners, and apoptosis signals will be 

introduced into biofilm communities using a photodynamic conditioning device developed by the 

consortium. Targeted cracking of resistant biofilm organisms and of extracellular polymeric substances by 

photodynamic treatment is a major issue. Successful biocide application, intensifier control, effects on 

biofilm and rock material will be controlled. Incorporation into the European market will be guaranteed by 

end-users in the project. Added European market value will be analysed using statistical data on biocides 

in USA and Europe. 


The aim of this project is to develop new conservation products, methodologies and technologies to 

preventing biofilm re-colonisation of treated stone materials, to evaluate their effectiveness, toxicity and 

environmental behaviour and to establish the applicability of these methods in substitution or addition to 

traditionally used industrial biocides. The new approaches to biocontrol will be the use of inhibitors of 

coloured cell pigments and exopolysaccharides, of cell permeabilizers, and of apoptosis (self-induced cell 

death) inducers (e. g. mycosporines). Some compounds are derived from antioxidant research in medical 

approaches, others from naturally occurring systems. The application way to be developed will be the use 

of photodynamic treatment. 


The expected results of the project are: 

• The development of a new generation of chemical compounds for the inhibition of biological 

colonisation of stone materials especially by coherent biofilms and networks. 

• The demonstration of the suitability of new chemical treatments not based on their killing 

properties to control biodeterioration. 

• The production of a prototype of photodynamic treatment device for destroying deteriorating 

microorganisms. 

• The transfer of the developed strategies and compounds to enterprises for their direct 

exploitation in different markets. 

Coordinator 

Krumbein, Wolfgang Tel: +494417983382 

Carl Von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg Fax: +494417983384 

Geomicrobiology and Material Ecology E-mail: wek@uni-oldenburg.de 

ICBM, Ammerlaender Heerstr. 14-18 

DE - 26111 Oldenburg 

Germany


Participants 

Geomicrobiology and Material Ecology, ICBM, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzkystr. 9-11, 

D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany, Contact Person: Gorbushina, Anna Fundacion Inasmet, Chemical Technology and Environment, 

Mikeletegi Pasealekua 2 ES - 20009 San Sebastián, Contact Person: Valero, Jesus 

The Robert Gordon University, Applied Optoelectronics Research Centre The Robert Gordon University, Blaxkfriars Street Building 

Schoolhill, GB - ABIO IFR Aberdeen, Contact Person: Robertson, Peter 

Universitat de Barcelona, Crystalography, Mineralogy and Mineral Deposits, Martí I Franquès, S/N ES - 08028 Barcelona, Contact 

Person: Vendrell, Mario 

Technical Research Centre of Finland, Vtt Biotechnology, Tietotie 2, FI - 02044 VTT Espoo, Contact Person: Saarela, Maria 

Biomega-Consulting, Biogema, Lindenweg 16A, DE - 26188 Edewecht, Contact Person: Schönborn, Christiane 

Historic Scotland, Historic ScotlandTechnical Conservation Research and Education, Sausbury Place, GB - EH9 15H Edinburgh, 

Contact Person: Maxwell, Ingval


BIOREINFORCE (Biomediated calcite precipitation for monumental stones 

reinforcement) 





Monumental stone decay is a consequence of the interaction between the material and the environmental 

parameters such as water, heat, atmospheric pollutants and living organisms. This interaction starts at 

the stone surface and progress inward leading to progressive increasing of stone porosity and weakening 

of the cohesion of the mineral structures. Conservation of monuments foresees in most cases the 

application of consolidating products in order to strengthen the weathered stones and to avoid dwindling 

of material. Numerous kind of products both inorganic or organic have been used to this aim but almost 

all have showed, in time, different negative results, such as colour changes, crust formation, glossy 

appearance and substrate exfoliation. Furthermore, the synthetic organic products are normally 

formulated and applied in solvent, thus contributing to the increase of the environmental pollution. The 

project will contribute to improve the social objectives of the Community. The use of natural products 

together with their application in aqueous solvent improves the health and safety of the working 

conditions of technical staff operating in monument restoration. The technological transfer of innovative 

and highly specialised treatments will enhance the know-how of technical personnel contributing to 

improve the possibility of employment. The correct use of scientific methodologies in the field of 

conservation of monumental buildings can sensibly reduce the inevitable risk of stone damage due to 

empirical conservative interventions, and consequently decrease the cost maintenance. 


The objective of the project is to develop and validate a new methodology for monumental stones 

conservation based on biomineralisation processes. This could satisfy the request for more durable and 

safer products in order to reduce the costs, delay the maintenance interventions and pose no risk both for 

the personnel and the environment, conciliating the end-users and stakeholders with the application of 

innovative treatments. 

The molecular biology and the bacterial genetic engineering are the innovative technologies chosen to 

improve the bio-mediated calcite precipitation method. These tools will be applied for finding the genetic 

expression of crystal formation in bacteria. This will be cloned and the bio-inducing proteins will be 

overproduced by an appropriate expression vector (host cell). With these bio-derived low cost renewable 

macromolecules, a Bio-Mediated calcite Treatment (BMT) will be developed for the stone reinforcement, 

due to new calcite precipitation inside its porosity. The BMT will be finally validated, by end-users, in 

monumental test sites application. 


Public and private institutions involved in historical buildings repair and maintenance need safer 

methodologies for stone materials and the environment. Once the new method is successfully validated 

we can apply, for the restoration of monumental stones, a new treatment based on a product of the same 

nature of stone substrate, with the prospective of a longer lasting efficiency and a lower environmental 

impact. The safeguard of the cultural heritage is awaiting for scientifically endorsed new materials and 

procedures for conservation and if this problem will not resolved the monumental stones are exposed to a 

serious chance of loss or damage. The new method will demonstrate its maximum efficiency for 

calcareous stones (like marble and limestones). The main deliverable of the project will furnish, in very 

short time, the end-users with a new tool to improve their skilful to perform safer and more reliable 

restoration interventions of monuments in line with a sustainable development.


Coordinator 

Tiano Piero Dott. Tel: +39055214777 

CNR-ICVBC- Fax: +39055213101 

Via Alfani 74 E-mail: p.tiano@icubc.cnr.it 

50121 Firenze 

Italy 

Participants 

Weizmann Institute of Science, Structural Biology, Herzl Street, IL - 76100 Rehovot, Contact Person: Lia Addadi 

Loughborough University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, ASHBY ROAD, GB - LE11 3TU Loughborough, Contact Person: 

Jan Sutherland 

Università degli Studi di Firenze, Department of Animal and GENETICS, Via Romana 17 IT - 50125 Firenze, Contact Person: 

Giorgio Mastromei 

Universidad de Barcelona, CRISTALOGRAPHY, MINERALOGY and MINERAL DEPOSITS, Martí i Franques, s/n ES - 08028 

Barcelona, Contact Person:Marius Vendrell 

Trivella SpA, Via GUICCIARDINI N.45, IT - 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Contact Person: Trivella, Virginio 

Koninklijk Instituut voor het Kunstpatrimonium/Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Department 'Laboratories', Jubelpark 1, BE - 

1000 Bruxelles, Contact Person: De Witte, Eddy 

QUELIN SA, Avenue Victor Hugo 95-97, FR - 92563 Rueil-Malmaison, Contact Person: Marie-Therese DUPRE


CATS (Cyanobacteria attack rocks: control and preventive strategies to avoid damage 

caused by cyanobacteria and associated microorganisms in Roman hypogean monuments) 





The problem of conservation, restoration and exploitation of Roman hypogea is part of the more general 

need to safeguard of the Cultural Heritage of Europe. This heritage has a significant influence on the 

economy of nations rich in archaeological remains, including most of the Mediterranean countries, and 

influences two main socio-economic factors: the significant amount of human and financial resources 

needed to preserve important archaeological sites and the improvement of both tourism and the quality of 

life through a sustainable management of the artistic patrimony of Europe. 

It has been described for other environments that the metabolic activity of cyanobacterial biofilms leads to 

the biotransformation and biodecay of substrata. In Roman hypogea, the mechanisms that cause severe 

damage mostly to calcareous substrata, and that are consequent to the development of phototrophic and 

heterotrophic microorganisms, still have to be understood. Accordingly, CATS will answer the following 

two major and essential questions in order subsequently to develop control and preventive strategies: (i) 

How does microbial activity alter the mineralogical, textural and geochemical features of rocks? (ii) What 

conditions limiting growth of cyanobacteria can be safety applied in Roman hypogea? 


To achieve these central objectives different types of microsensors are developed. These are used to 

quantify biologically induced variation of gases and ions on the colonised lithic substrata. Data on the 

petrological and geochemical characteristics of rocks and on structure, function and diversity of biofilms 

are integrated with those obtained using microsensors in order to describe and model the damage of rock 

surfaces. This part of the project ends with the construction of a multiparametric portable device based on 

microsensors that is produced as a new tool for microbial monitoring. In the other part of the project, a 

pilot study is set up to investigate the possibility of using a new lighting system providing wavelengths 

poorly used by cyanobacterial photosynthesis. This will drastically decrease the growth of cyanobacteria 

and therefore the quantity of organic matter available to the associated heterotrophic populations. 

Subsequently, the new lighting system will be experimentally set up in situ in order to confirm the 

laboratory results. At the end of this part, the public response to the innovative strategies proposed will be 

tested and the benefit to cost ratio of a new illumination system in Roman hypogea will be evaluated. In 

addition to the physical approach, newly identified biomolecules related to iron metabolism and cell-to-cell 

signalling pathways are checked for their ability to interfere with bacterial and, especially, cyanobacterial 

metabolism by removing factors indispensable to microbial development. The application of these 

environmental biotechnologies under laboratory conditions should provide a new method to control and 

prevent growth of phototrophic biofilms. 

Protection and management of the artistic legacy found in hypogean monuments has to be addressed by 

a complete, and complex multidisciplinary scientific study. CATS approaches the problem by including 

geological, hydrochemical, microclimatic, environmental, and microbiological studies. The combination of 

all these data will be used to construct a physical-chemical model, or a simplified representation, of the 

complexity of the hypogean environment and of the biological-mediated decay processes occurring inside 

it. In addition, the research will determine whether changing the wavelengths used for illumination would 

cause a decrease in the growth of unwanted cyanobacteria and also whether active biomolecules can be 

used to prevent and control the development of cyanobacteria-dominated biofilms. CATS uses methods 

that are not harmful to the environment and contributes to increase knowledge of (new) organisms. On 

this basis, the development of non-destructive and safety methods for control and prevention of 

cyanobacterial biofilms will be accomplished. Moreover, the feed-back of the public (the final end-users) 

towards the new lighting technique will be evaluated and will initiate a new means of interaction with 

citizens.



CATS might lead to a solution for the conservation of Roman hypogea and its results be applied in 

various fields of conservation. This might generate new employment for highly skilled technical staff 

members of SMEs active in the cultural heritage domain of conservation. In addition, a sustainable use of 

cultural resources will be the basis on which touristic activities, new infrastructures and job opportunities 

could develop. 

Coordinator 

Albertano, Patrizia Tel: +3906 7259 5859/4332 

Università di Roma Tor Vergata Fax: +3906 202 3500 

Dipartimento di Biologia E-mail: albertano@uniroma2.it 

Laboratorio di Biologia Vegetale 

Via della Ricerca Scientifica 

00133 Roma 

Italy 

Participants 

Dipartimento di Biologia, Laboratorio di Biologia Vegetale: Organisation: Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della 

Ricerca Scientifica s.n.c., 00133 Roma, Italy. Contact Person: Albertano Patrizia (Professor) 

Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Organisation: Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca 

Scientifica s.n.c., 00133 Roma, Italy. Contact Person: Palleschi Giuseppe (Professor) 

Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia. Organisation: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 10 Avenida Reina 

Mercedes 10, 41080 Sevilla, Spain. Contact Person: Bernardo Hermosin (Dr) 

Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy. Organisation: Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, 

Spain. Contact Person: Henández-Marinè Mariona (Professor) 

Dipartimento di Scienze Microbiologiche, Genetiche e Molecolari, Organisation: Universita degli Studi di Messina, Salita Sperone 

31, 98166 Messina, Italy Contact Person: Urzì Clara (Dr.)) 

Department of Molecular Natural Products Research. Organisation: Hans Knoell Institute for Natural Products Research 

Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany. Contact Person: Ingrid Groth (Dr.) 

Department of Microbiology. Organisation: VTT Biotechnology, Tietotie 2, Po Box 1500, 02044 VTT, Finland, Contact Person: Tiina 

Mattila-Sandholm (Professor) 

School of Biological Sciences. Organisation: University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. Contact 

Person: Gallon John R. (Professor) 

Idronaut srl, via Monte Amiata 10, 20047 Brugherio (MI), Italy Contact Person: Graziottin Flavio (Mr) 

Pontificia Commissione di Archeologia Sacra, Via Napoleone III n1, 00185 Roma, Italy. Contact Person: Bisconti Fabrizio 

(Professor)


COALITION (Concerted action on molecular microbiology as an innovative conservation 

strategy for indoor and outdoor cultural assets) 


Contract Type: Coordination of research actions End Date: 31-03-2003 



Concerted action on molecular microbiology as an innovative conservation strategy for indoor and 

outdoor cultural assets (COALITION). Micro-organisms are responsible for destruction of monuments, 

statues and cultural heritage assets, which includes the decay (biodeterioration) of stones, mortars, 

bricks, mural paintings, woods, glass, paper, etc. The use of traditional methods of study is biased by the 

limitation imposed by the conservation of the work of art and the very rare availability of often extremely 

small samples. This can be solved using micro-analytical molecular biology techniques. Until now, the 

existing research initiatives in this field were only providing a fractional overview of the whole issue of 

cultural heritage biodeterioration. This concerted action, led by very experienced European scientists and 

leaders of major Institutes and research programmes in the EU, includes 21 international and national 

research projects and represents and attempt to provide European scientists, conservators, restorers and 

other end-users with better access to information and improved technology to face cultural heritage 

biodeterioration. 


The overall objective is to develop an internally consistent Europe-wide plan for cultural heritage 

conservation able to provide strategies for minimising biodeterioration. COALITION brings the latest 

developments in molecular microbiology to the attention of cultural heritage end-users and stakeholders. 

Molecular microbiology is envisaged as an innovative conservation strategy, that minimises sampling and 

optimises diagnostic studies on microbial contamination of cultural assets, permitting the design of most 

effective treatments for eliminating active microbial communities and biodeterioration. This approach can 

be used for testing the efficiency of biocidal and cleaning treatments. COALITION aims to strengthen the 

interaction between microbiologists, conservators and restorers by promoting collaboration within different 

professional bodies. COALITION surveys the requirements of the conservation/restoration community for 

microbiological diagnostic procedures, evaluating the present state of scientific knowledge concerning 

molecular techniques, and identifying the critical gaps in knowledge, which will require particular attention 

in the future. COALITION achieves its objectives by organising three thematic workshops. The workshops 

are bringing together the concerted action members with external experts and independent observers. 

The specific tasks, concurrent with the workshops, will produce the following deliverables: Generation of 

an inventory (database) of the microorganisms associated with the damages to different materials and 

cultural assets, as revealed by molecular and microbiological techniques. The database will provide 

access to information on biodeterioration of cultural heritage and will be made accessible to cultural 

heritage stakeholders and end-users. Review of novel molecular methodologies in the field of cultural 

heritage with the aim of minimise sampling and optimise diagnostic studies on microbial contamination of 

cultural assets. Panel discussion with stakeholders and end-users and the transfer of technology from the 

research community to the conservation/restoration community. For an effective dissemination, guidelines 

for evaluation of microbial activities in biodeterioration processes, and for health protection of restorers 

will be prepared at the end of the concerted action. These guidelines will be of interest for microbiologists, 

conservators, restorers, and in general for all cultural heritage stakeholders and end-users and 

disseminated as publication and as electronic newsletters. In addition, COALITION is organising an 

Advanced Course and an International Conference on Cultural Heritage and Molecular Microbiology for 

presenting to the scientific community the results obtained along the three years of activity.



COALITION helps to develop new markets for goods and services with high skill and expertise, as the 

know-how of the molecular fingerprint for evaluate conservative interventions on monuments will be 

transferred to a large range of professionals, which will create new employment. . The methodologies and 

techniques to be introduced saves considerable time, effort and money in restoration processes, 

permitting an affordable evaluation of the efficiency of biocides and traditional material's cleaning 

methods. Detailed knowledge on the hazardous properties of microorganisms in cultural heritage is of 

great interest for residential or professional uses for human health protection. 

Coordinator 

Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo Tel: +34954624002 

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas Fax: +34954624909 

Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia E-mail: saiz@irnase.csic.es 

Apartado 1052 

41080 Sevilla 

Spain 

Participants 

Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Apartado 1052, 41080 Sevilla, 

Spain. Contact person: Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo (coordinator) 

Genalysis GmbH, Im Biotechnologiepark, TGZ II, D-14943 Luckenwalde, Germany. Contact person: Rölleke, Sabine 

Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Dr. Borhgasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria. Contact person: Lubitz, Werner 

Laboratory of Microbiology, Gent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Contact person: Swings, Jean 

Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Helsinki University of Technology, Viikinkaari 9, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. 

Contact person: Salkinoja-Salonen, Mirja 

Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Geomicrobiology, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-str 9- 

11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany. Contact person: Krumbein, W.E. 

Istituto per la Consevazione e la Valorizzazione dei Beni Culturali, Via degli Alfani 74, 50121, Firenze, Italy. Contact person: Tiano, 

Piero 

Dipartimento di Scienze Microbiologiche, Genetiche e Molecolari, Universita degli Studi di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, Villaggio S. 

Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy. Contact person: Urzì, Clara 

Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Velazquez 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain. 

Contact person: Valentin, Nieves


COLLAPSE (Corrosion of Lead and Lead-Tin Alloys of Organ Pipes in Europe) 





The organ belongs to the core of European culture reflecting its diverse histories, traditions and stylistic 

periods. The European heritage of the organ is preserved in numerous historical instruments. One major 

threat to this heritage is the indoor atmospheric corrosion of lead and lead-tin alloys of organ pipes. The 

problem has accelerated and when the pipes have collapsed there is no other way to solve the problem 

than replacing the historic pipes with modern ones – and a part of the sounding cultural heritage is forever 

lost. The aim of this project is to solve the corrosion problems by developing a new conservation strategy 

for historical organ pipes. 

In doing this, we will also be creating methods which will be generally applicable to any cultural, industrial 

or public environment affected by this kind of damage. (Sustainable Urban Development in the European 

Union; 28.10.98) 

Safeguarding the organ heritage at the same time implies safeguarding the most important European 

historical city environments; the magnificent organs from, e.g., the Baroque period, display the wealth and 

visions of prospering European regions. (Fifth Environmental Action Pr.; OJ EC C138/1993) 


There are at present no effective methods to prevent organ pipes from being corroded, and to save the 

valuable instruments, which have already been damaged. Moreover, there is no consensus on the 

reasons for the increased rate of corrosion attack. 

The COLLAPSE project objectives are to define relevant methods and products as well as to create 

conservation strategies in order to combat the corrosion of lead and lead-tin alloy organ pipes. 

1. Through field studies and laboratory experiments identify the factors which cause indoor atmospheric 

corrosion of lead-tin alloy organ pipes in order to avoid or improve corrosive environments. 

2. Develop methods to clean, protect and preserve already corroded pipes from further corrosion. 

3. Demonstrate the recommended conservation strategies and products in a case study using the 

historical Stellwagen organ (St. Jakobi church, Lübeck) severely affected by corrosion. 


A scientific report will create a basis for further undertakings and dissemination activities among 

researchers, organbuilders, heritage organizations, universities, Churches and other relevant 

organizations. A “popular” report will be prepared in order to communicate the results of the project to the 

public. A European corrosion treatment guideline will be developed to contain methods, products, and 

materials recommended to be used for prevention of corrosion of lead and lead-tin alloys, treatment, 

restoration and conservation of corroded organ pipes . 

The new products, applications and systems to be developed in COLLAPSE will offer cultural institutions, 

parishes, SME:s and authorities new tools and methods to prevent pipe corrosion and thereby safeguard 

the cultural organ heritage. 

The results will be applicable to the European cultural heritage in general (for conservation, restoration 

and European museum activities) and also on a general level in many other different areas, such as 

industrial enterprises, universities and independent research organizations.


Coordinator 

Bergsten, Carl Johan Tel: +46317735204 

Goeteborg University Fax: +46317735200 

Goeteborg Organ Art Center Email: carl.johan.bergsten@musik.gu.se 

SE – 40530 Goeteborg 

Sweden 

Participants 

Ev. -Luth. Kirchengemeinde St. Jakobi, Jakobikirchhof 5, DE - 23552 Luebeck, Contact Person: Schoof, Armin 

Marcussen & Soen, Orgelbyggeri A/S, Storegade 24, DK - 6200 Aabenraa, Contact Person: Zachariassen, Claudia 

Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Environmental Inorganic Chemistry, SE - 412 96 Goeteborg, Contact Person: 

Svensson, Jan-Erik 

Alma Mater studiorum - Universita di Bologna, Unita Complessa di Istituti Scienze Chimiche, Radiochimiche e Metallurgiche Via 

S.Donato, 15, IT - 40127 Bologna, Contact Person: Martini, Carla


COMPASS (Compatibility of Plasters and Renders with Salt loaded Substrates in Historic 

Buildings) 





COMPASS is designed to deepen the current knowledge and understanding of the damaging mechanism 

involving the salt transport and the interaction “substrate-rendering” in the built cultural heritage and to 

provide architects and owners of buildings with clear guidelines for the choice of better compatible, salt 

resistant render and plaster mortars. An expert system will be developed offering more functions than 

current diagnostic tools, taking into account the materials, the damage mechanisms, the environmental 

and climatic circumstances, and giving advice on the possible repair measures. It will also define 

requirements for salt compatible renders. 


The main aim of this project is to provide those in charge of the maintenance of the built cultural heritage 

(architects and advisors, and also owners and heritage authorities) with clear guidelines for the choice of 

better compatible (salt resistant) render and plaster mortars. The verifiable target is a final deliverable in 

the form of an expert system with clearly defined functionality. 

Related aims are: 

• To develop a transport and degradation model for the substrate – render combination 

• To define requirements for salt compatible renders 

• To develop adequate accelerated test method s) for the assessment of salt compatibility of renders 

and plasters 


Coordinator 

Dr. Rob van Hees Tel: +31152842089 

TNO Building and Construction Research Fax: +31152843981 

Research, Dept. of Building Systems E-mail: r.vanHees@bouw.tno.nl 

Lange Kleiweg 5 

PO Box 49 

2600 AA Delft 


Participants 

Cercle des Partenaires du Patrimoine, Laboratoire de Recherches des Monuments Historiques 29 Rue de Paris, FR - 77420 

Champs sur Marne, Contact Person: Pallot-Frossard, Isabelle 

Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Stevinweg 1 NL - 2628 CN Delft, Contact Person: 

Loos, Andre L. 

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Physico - Chemistry of MaterialsInstitute "Eduardo Torroja" of Construction 

Sciences (Csic), C/. Serrano Galvache S/N, ES - 28080 Madrid, Contact Person: Andrade, Carmen 

Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Department of Geotechnique, Av. Do Brasil, 101, PT - 1700-066 Lisbon, Contact Person: 

Correia, Rui M. 

Technical University Eindhoven, Department of Applied Physics, Den Dolech 2, NL - 5600 MB Eindhoven, Contact Person: Brabers, 

Vic 

Rijksdienst Voor De MonumentenzorgNetherlands Department For Conservation Rdmz, Expertise,


Section: Instandhoudingstechnologie, Broederplein 41, NL - 3703 CD Zeist, Contact Person: Asselbergs, Fons L.L.M. 

RijksgebouwendienstGovernment Building Agency AC, Rgd, Bureau Rijksbouwmeester (Chief Government Architects Office), 

Rijnstraat 64, NL - 2514 GK 'S-Gravenhage, Contact Person: Thissen, Eduard L.C. 

Remmers Bouwchemie B. V, Stephensonstraat 9, NL - 7900 AC Hoogeveen, Contact Person: Seinen, Eddie 

Stichting Federatie Monumentenwacht Nederland, 'T Zand 15, NL - 3800 BC Amersfoort, Contact Person: Luijendijk, Gerrit Jan 

Provincie Zuid Holland, Bureau Cultuur, Zuid-Holland Plein 1, NL - 2509 LP Den Haag, Contact Person: Halleen, G.H.C. 

Compagnie Des Architectes En ChefDes Monuments Historiques (France), Section Scientifique Et Technique C/O Daniel Lefevre, 

11 Avenue Franco-Russe, FR - 75007 Paris, Contact Person: Botton, Francois 

Lefevre Sa, Tollis Sarl, Bd Jean Mermzoz 183, FR - 94550 Chevilly Larue, Contact Person: Fantin, Jean Marie 

Yesos Garcia Requejo S.A., Ygaresa, San Francisco, 17, ES - 28180 Torrelaguna (Madrid), Contact Person: Garcia Ojeda, Gerardo 

Fundacion Juanelo Turriano, Prim, 5, ES - 28004 Madrid, Contact Person: Gonzalez Tascon, Ignacio


CONTROLLED PAPER CLEANING (Controlled paper cleaning using laser technology) 


Contract Type: Exploratory Awards End Date: 25-04-2000 



The objective of this project is a laser cleaning suitable for accurate and safe restoration of paper objects. 

Focus lies on the incorporation of a reliable control system, consisting of one or more suitable detectors. 

In order to successfully introduce this technique in the paper conservation world, it is necessary to define 

the boundary conditions in which later cleaning can be safely applied for the restoration of paper objects. 

The main reason for an extensive research project is that there is still insufficient knowledge of 

fundamental processes occurring when laser light interacts with paper and the material to be removed. 

The research comprises of a systematic study focusing on a selection of paper and dirt materials. The 

initial work will focus on the definition of conservation problems that cannot be treated in a conventional 

way. Based on these problems, certain categories of paper and dirt material will be selected. 

Subsequently, a choice of experimental parameters, like laser wave length and fluence, will be 

systematically varied. 



Coordinator 

Schipper, Dennis Tel: 

Organisation: Art Innovation B.V. Fax: 

11 Westermaatsweg 11 E-mail: DA.Schipper@art-innovation.nl 

7556 Bw Hengelo Ov 

Netherlands 

Participants 

BARBACHANO Y BENY S.A. Calle San Sebastian, 2, 28470 CERCEDILLA – MADRID SPAIN Contact Person: BARBACHANO 

SAN-MILLAN, Pedro Jose


DIAS (Integrated tool for in situ characterization of effectiveness and durability of 

conservation techniques in historical structures) 


Contract Type: Cost shared project End Date: 31-10-2005 



The main goal of the project is to develop a valid and cost-effective tool for in laboratory and in situ nondestructive 

assessment of residual mechanical properties of building stones, as well as, stone consolidation 

treatments. This will be achieved through the design, construction and validation of an integrated portable tool 

including micro-Drilling, Indentation and Acoustic devices in modular form and associated Software (DIAS). It 

also implies the development of a reference user-friendly database of standard and non-standard mechanical 

properties for a wide variety of stones, also useful, among others, in cases of repair by choosing appropriate 

stones in the quarries. This project – which should lead to a marketable equipment – is expected to improve 

our understanding of the degradation mechanisms such as mechanical loads or various types of weathering in 

damaged parts of historical buildings and monuments. Further, the applications of DIAS tool may be extended 

to rock-like materials such as concrete and ceramics. 


The main Project goal is to develop this technology through the design, construction and validation of an 

integrated portable tool. The components of this tool are special Drilling, Indentation and Acoustic devices 

and System management software (DIAS). The main Project’s objectives can be summarised as follows: 

1. Design and construction of a portable, integrated device (DIAS) for in laboratory and in situ nondestructive 

reliable and cost-effective characterisation of the strength and stiffness of stones and rocklike 

materials. 

2. Development of reliable in laboratory and in situ testing as well as data back analysis procedures for the 

quasi-non-destructive estimation of elasticity and strength of stones. 

3. Development of a reference user-friendly database of in situ and in laboratory standard and nonstandard 

(via DIAS) mechanical properties for a wide variety of stones and relevant software of the 

integrated DIAS instrument. 

The project is divided into five (5) Work Packages (WP) namely: 

WP-1: Establishment of quasi-non-destructive (microdrilling and indentation) and non-destructive (non-linear 

acoustics) techniques through laboratory tests, modeling and standard laboratory testing. Finally, execution 

of lab testing on stones with the integrated DIAS tool. 

WP-2: Surveys in pre-selected quarries specimen sampling and preparation and application of DIAS tool in 

quarries and monuments for in situ measurements and further validation. 

WP-3: Design, construction and calibration of DIAS tool together with its software 

WP-4: Data regression analyses, construction of database of test results 

WP-5: Exploitation and dissemination of Project’s main deliverables such as DIAS tool, database in the form 

of CD-ROM and “suggested methods” for in situ evaluation of mechanical properties and damage of NBS 

structures 


The main deliverable, which is the Portable DIAS tool with its system software and database, will furnish 

scientifically and technically sound support to conservation interventions of Cultural Heritage structures, to 

the in situ characterisation of building materials and quarry products. Hence it will increase the 

competitiveness of research, technology and quality control of stone-products and stone-conservation 

procedures in Europe.


Coordinator 

Exadaktylos, George, prof. Tel: +30 28210 37690 

Mineral Resources Engineering Fax: +30 28210 69554 

Technical University of Crete Email: exadakty@mred.tuc.gr 

University Campus, Akrotiri 

GR-73100 Chania 

Greece 

Participants 

Department of Mineral Resources Engineering/ Laboratory of Mine Design, Organisation: Technical University of Crete (TUC), 

University Campus, Akrotiri, 73100 Chania, Greece, Contact Person: Exadaktylos, George 

Imce Nv, Organisation: Integrated Material Control Engineering, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium, Contact Person: 

Bollen, Bart 

Sint Technology S.R.L (Sint), Via Giusti 243, 50041 Calenzano, Italy, Contact Person: Valentini, Emilio 

Cnr –I.C.V.B.C., Organisation: Institute for The Conservation and The Valorization of Cultural Heritage (I.C.V.B.C.), Via Alfani 74, 50121 

Firenze, Italy, Contact Person: Tiano, Piero 

Interdisciplinary Research Center, Catholic University Leuven Campus Kortrijk, Organisation: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 

Universitaire Campus, E. Sabblaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium, Contact Person: Van Den Abeele, Koen 

Seismics and Formation Physics, Organisation: Sintef Petroleumforskning As (Sintef), S.P. Andersens Vei 15b, 7465 Trondheim, 

Norway, Contact Person: Papamichos, Euripides


HISTO-CLEAN – (Intelligent Measurement Technology for Laser Cleaning of Historic 

Buildings And Monuments) 





Building and monument preservation of cultural heritage in Europe is a current problem due to the decay of 

surface-work. This preservation goal is made all the more important since it is our continuous task to 

preserve and restore our cultural heritage. Different cleaning methods such as sandblasting, chemical 

flushing and laser are available, but the quality of the cleaning processes is difficult to evaluate today. What 

is especially missing is a suitable real time measurement technology that would allow a quality assurance 

during the ongoing cleaning process. 

This is of special importance for laser cleaning of monuments and building surfaces, where the cleaning 

parameters such as pulse intensity and frequency can be (and have to be!) adjusted properly in order to 

achieve the desired cleaning result, and, most important, to avoid damages and to limit the removal of 

material from the surface of the monument to the absolute minimum. 


So far, the micro and macro visual impression and the micro topography of a building’s surface-work could 

be measured only with high sophisticated scientific instruments used in laboratories, such as auto focus 

testing devices for topography. To achieve this, samples had to be removed from the building and measured 

in a laboratory. Furthermore, to date there are no mobile, affordable and easy-to-apply methods or devices 

available for use by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) providing the surface cleaning of buildings and 

monuments. For their use on-site, methods and devices are needed that generate easy to interpret values 

and numbers in order to quantify results in an objective and reproducible way. 

Objective of the proposed CRAFT project is to develop a new measurement technology for mobile and nondestructive 

evaluation of the effectiveness of laser surface cleaning of historic stone surfaces. The 

technology has to be capable of determining the surface topography and, at the same time, the micro and 

macro visual impression of the surface. The measured data have to be processed in a suitable way to 

assess the performance of the surface treatment in terms of conservation and restoration. 


The new technology will enable the SMEs providing the cleaning services to decide which cleaning 

parameters to utilise in a particular situation for an optimised renovation process. In addition, it will minimise 

the consumption of time and energy for the cleaning process and the production of hazardous dusts, what is 

of special importance for the health of the workers. Another goal of this project is the generation of a sound 

basis for a European standard that helps to assure a consistent quality of surface cleaning work performed 

throughout Europe. 

For the owners of historic buildings and monuments, mainly public authorities, the new measurement 

technology will reduce the overall expenses for surface cleaning, and therefore will preserve the limited funds 

available to the endeavour of preserving cultural heritage via restoration and renovation. In addition, it will 

help to avoid unintended damages during cleaning processes and provide the means by which to evaluate 

long-term results of the cleaning. This again helps to enhance the value and lifetime of the affected buildings 

and monuments. For these reasons, not only the group of SME proposers, but also the European 

Community in total will benefit from the introduction of this new technology.


Coordinator 

BURKHARDT, Rüdiger Tel: +49364343960 

Ingenieurbüro für Bauwerkeserhaltung Weimar Fax: +493643439655 

Industriestrasse 1A E-mail: burkhardt@ibw-weimar.de 

D-99427 Weimar 

Germany 

Participants 

Ingenieurbüro für Bauwerkserhaltung Weimar, Industriestrasse 1A, 99427 Weimar, Germany, Contact Person: Burkhardt, Rüdiger 

Tkb & Associates Ltd, Gallagh Clontibret, Co Monaghan, Ireland, Contact Person: Brennan, Thomas 

Atelier Erich Pummer, Nr. 165, A-3600 Rossatz, Austria, Contact Person: Pummer, Erich 

Clar Rehabilitación, S.L., Calidad 70, Polígono Industurial Los Olivos, E-28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain, Contact Person: Garía Pascua, 

Nuria 

Innowep Gmbh, Haugerring 6, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany, Contact Person: Weinhold, Wolfgang P 

Bauhaus Universiät Weimar Fakultät Bauchemie, Coudraystrasse 13C, D-99421 Weimar, Germany, Contact Person: Schultz, Heiko 

Centre for Computation and Informatics, Organisation Ústav Teoretické a Aplikované Mechaniky Akademie Ved Cr, Prosecká 76, Cz- 

190 00 Prague, Czech Republic, Contact Person: Drdácký, Milos


INKCOR (Stabilisation of Iron Gall Ink Containing paper) 





InkCor aims to improve our knowledge about historical ink components and explain their relative 

corrosive properties through the oxidative degradation of paper and cellulose. A database of historical 

metal-tannate ink components will be used to develop a new non-aqueous conservation treatment based 

on the impregnation of paper by a combination of alkali and suitable anti-oxidants. 

This treatment will be evaluated in view of its interest to the end-users responsible for conservation. 


The principal objective of InkCor is to develop a system for non-aqueous stabilisation of ink corrosion on 

paper. The objective calls for a significant improvement of the present know-how of the phenomenon of 

ink corrosion. A deeper insight into the historical ink composition will be needed, as well as their relative 

corrosive properties. A simple identification method of corrosive inks will be developed. Available nonaqueous 

deacidification will be improved and combined with suitable antioxidant formulations. The 

mission will be achieved through a multidisciplinary approach, involving policy makers, conservators, 

conservation scientists, physicists and analytical chemists. 


Coordinator 

Dr J. Kolar Tel: +38612001100 

National and University Library Fax: +38614257293 

Preservation Department Email: jana.kolar@nuk.uni-lj.si 

Ljubljana 

Slovenia 

Participants 

National and University Library of Slovenia, Preservation Department, Turjaska 1, SI - SI-1000 Ljubljana, Contact Person: Setinc, 

Lenart 

The Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage, Conservation Science, Gabriel Metsustraat 8, NL - NL-1070 KA Amsterdam, Contact 

Person: Scholten, Steph 

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Askerceva 5, SI - SI-1000 Ljubljana, Contact Person: 

Weber, Marjan 

Zfb Zentrum fuer Buch-Erhaltung Gmbh, Mommsenstrasse 7, DE - D- 04329 Leipzig, Contact Person: Anders, Manfred 

Institut "Jozef Stefan", Department for Low and Medium Energy Physics, Jamova 39, SI - 1001 Ljubljana, Contact Person: Turk, Vito 

Musée du Louvre, Departement des Arst Graphiques, 34-36 Quai du Louvre, FR - 75058 Paris, Contact Person: Loyrette, Henri 

Algemeen Rijksarchief, Rijksarchiefdienst, Prins Willem-Alexanderhof 20, NL - 2509 LM The Hague, Contact Person: Steemers, Ted 

Teylers Museum, Department Of Art Collections, Spaarne 16,NL – 2011 CH Haarlem, Contact Person: Schaloo, Marjan


LASERACT (Laser multitask non destructive technology in conservation diagnostic 

procedures) 





Various laser measurement techniques successfully applied in medical and industrial diagnostic sectors 

have not yet been developed and adjusted for use in the field of conservation of Cultural Heritage. Since 

each technique implies distinct operation characteristics solving specific problems that cannot correspond 

to the complexity of diagnostic problems involved in the field of Cultural Heritage their transfer to this new 

field of application is obstructed from their fragmented applicability. 

Therefore the concept is to integrate techniques that are based on the same fundamental physical 

principles in one articulated flexible sensor-device capable to provide the desirable complementarity 

operating in a standardised and universal mode as a user-friendly on-field transportable system. 

Structural diagnostics in art conservation lacks novel alternative tools and it is assumed that this essential 

advance will allow and promote the wide use of laser diagnostic techniques in art conservation discipline 

enhancing both fields. 


The work will be based on integrated implementation of advanced laser measurement techniques and 

micro-laser development to output a novel multi-task sensor based on spatial multiplexing technology for 

structural assessment thus greatly advancing the state-of-the-art in current methods and practices. This 

objective will be reached through complementary progress of non-intrusive and remote measurement 

techniques and prototype laser-sensor instrumentation in parallel with continues evaluation, assistance 

and contribution of existing restoration experts and industrial partners of the consortium. 

The proposed work is meant to constitute a substantial advance in art diagnostics to provide a valuable 

irreplaceable tool for restoration companies, authorities, and restorers of any European country and 

beyond. 


The project addresses a long-standing known European problem, which is certainly of major interest for 

the EU and beyond the frontiers of a single state. The costly and time-consuming procedure of restoration 

involving risks of subjective diagnosis for intervention and poor maintenance remains of major ethical and 

practical concern to European restorers, restoration authorities and city councils. 

The ultimate aim of the project is the realisation of non-destructive methodology and instrumentation 

allowing remote non-contact access to investigate the structural condition of items of Historical and 

Cultural importance. The resulted diagnostic system aims to succeed universal standards of operation for 

variety of conservation applications. Thus can refer to historical buildings and monument fabric, wall 

paintings in interior and exterior decorations, wood paintings, etc. Despite this broad field, the 

investigation will be generalised by focusing into characteristic complex diagnostic problems to allow 

approaching a standardisation of inspection procedures. Moreover of opening a new market for first time 

the objective structural analysis will improve the mobility of human potential in a pan-European level since 

the training won’t depend on local-site expertise.


Coordinator 

Dr Paraskevi Tornari Tel: +30810391394 

Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas Fax: +30810391318 

Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Email: vivitor@iesl.forth.gr 

Vassalika Vouton 

GR - 71110 Heraklion - CRETE 

Participants 

Bremer Institut fuer Angewandte Strahltechnik Gmbh, Optical 3D Sensors /Bias, Klagenfurter Strasse 2, DE - 28359 Bremen, 

Contact Person: Osten, Wolfgang 

Universita' Degli Studi di Ancona, Dipartimento di Meccanica, Via Brecce Bianche IT - 60131 Ancona, Contact Person: Pacetti, 

Marco 

National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Solid-State Laser Laboratory, Laser Department / National Institute for 

Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 111 RO - 76900 Bucharest – Magurele, Contact Person: Medianu, Rares 

Envirocoustics S.A., El. Venizelou 7 & Delfon, GR - 14452 Athens, Contact Person: Vahaviolos, Athanasia Tia, Contact Person: 

Vahaviolos, Athanasia Tia 

Art Innovation B.V, Art Innovation, Westermaatsweg 11, NL - 7556 BW Hengelo, Contact Person: Schipper, Dennis 

Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historique, Lrmh, 29 Ure de Paris, FR - F-77420 Champs sur Marne, Contact Person: 

Stefanaggi, Marcel 

Ministry for the Environment, Works Division Restoration Unit, Restoration Unit, Works Division, MT - CMR02 Floriana, Contact 

Person: Cassar, Vincent 

Societatea Comerciala Pro Optica S .A, R&D Department of Thin Films Technologies And Physical Processes, Aleea Bucovina 4, 

RO - 74404 Bucharest, Contact Person: Mirzu, Marinica 

Eudald GUILLAMET, AD - Andorra La Vella


MASTER (Preventive Conservation Strategies for Protection of Organic Objects in 

Museums, Historic Buildings and Archive) 





All over Europe objects in museums, historic buildings or in archives are being affected either by display 

or by storage conditions. Unsuitable environmental conditions are a serious cause of decay, frequently 

made worse because the effects may remain invisible for a long period. By the time the damage is 

noticed, the whole fabric and structure of an item may already be weakened. 

The key to the survival of these objects is achieving an acceptable environment indoor, and vital to this is 

a sustainable management of the cultural property including better preventive conservation strategies. 


The MASTER project aims to provide conservation staff in museums, historic buildings and archives with 

a new preventive conservation strategy for the protection of cultural property, based on an early warning 

system assessing the environmental impact on organic objects. An important part of the early warning 

system will be the development of an effect sensor for organic materials (EWO-sensor) assessing 

deterioration of organic materials indoor. The EWO-sensor will clarify the risk for decay in the museum 

during a short exposure and help the conservators to take action before damage to the object is 

observed. 

Current approaches to preventive conservation of organic objects will be reviewed through consultation 

with end-users. What is learned through this process will be used to design a preventive conservation 

strategy for organic materials, based on the early warning system. 

The innovative aspect of the preventive conservation strategy that this project will develop is that the early 

warning system including the EWO-sensors will provide a relatively cheap and easy way for museums as 

a first step to evaluate the quality of the environment they provide for organic objects. This represents a 

considerable step forward, when previously museums had to rely on analysing a wide range of diagnostic 

parameters, such as light, RH, temperature and pollution to answer this question. 


The MASTER Project will provide new conservation strategies for the preventive conservation of the 

organic objects in museums, historic buildings and archives to be used all over Europe, in order to 

safeguard the objects from a damaging environment before damage occurs to the objects on display or in 

storage. The early warning system will provide: 

• An early warning sensor (EWO-sensor) for organic materials indoor 

• Evaluation criteria for impact assessment 

• A revised and refined new preventive conservation strategy for organic materials in museums, historic 

buildings and archives. 

On a long-term basis the early warning system developed in the MASTER-project should become a 

routine tool for assessment of indoor air quality in museums, based on specific degradation rates which 

will support the implementation of EU environmental regulations (e.g. on Environmental Impact 

Assessment, EIA Directive – 85/337/EEC and amended EIA Directive 97/11/EC).


Coordinator 

Dr Elin Dahlin Tel: +4763898000 

Norwegian Institute Fax: +4763898050 

for Air Research (NILU) E-mail: emdn@nilu.no 

Norway 

Participants 

University College London (UCL), Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Barlett (Torrington Place Site), Gower Street, GB – WC1E 

6BT London, Contact Person: Vickers, Ilse 

Albert-Luwdigs Universitaet Freiburg, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum und Institut fur Physikalische Chemie Stefan-Meier- 

Strasse 21, DE - 79104 Freiburg, Contact Person: Corsten, Sebastian 

Technical University of Crete, Laboratory of Transport Phenomena & Applied Thermodynamics Department of Environmental 

Engineering, Tu-Crete, Polytechneioupolis 73100 Chania, GR - 73100 Chania, Contact Person: Gryspolakis, Ioakei 

National Museum in Krakow, Al. 3 Maja 1, PL - 30 - 062 Krakow, Contact Person: Czop, Janusz 

Troendelag Folk Museum, Riiser Larsens Vei 16, NO - N-7020 Trondheim, Contact Person: Soeholt, Peter Ingvar 

Wuerttembergishes Landesmuseum Landesstelle fuer Museumsbetreuung Baden-Wuerttemberg, Landesstelle fuer 

Museumsbetreuung Baden-Wuerttemberg, Schlossstrasse 96, Contact Person: Burkarth, Axel 

Historic Royal Palaces, Conservation Department, Hampton Court Palace, GB - KT8 9AU Surrey, Contact Person: Howell, Davi


MIP Transitional Metals in Paper 





By means of working-meetings and workshops the present state of conservation science and technology 

related to transitional metals in paper will be exchanged and new conservation strategies & technologies 

will be discussed and related to the needs of the end-user. Research is done at different levels; thus the 

network will deal with stakeholders coming from 12 research institutes, 2 suppliers and 10 end-users, 

holding the problem. The project consists of 5 work packages with their own WP-leader. Participants will 

be put into three disciplines: science, suppliers 

and end-users. Subsequently 8 themes will be established as degradation mechanisms, inhibitors, and 

analyses. The network dissemination will deal with the needs of the end-users, technology possibilities, 

and publication will be done in Int. Journals. Short-term exchange of participants is allowed for improving 

knowledge and technology. 


The aim for the network MIP is to exchange present knowledge related to the effects and on how to 

reduce the effects of transitional metals in paper and how to fit in these results to innovative conservation 

strategies consists of assessment methods and treatment technologies. A secondary objective is to 

disseminate to the end-users frequently and to act as the interface between science, development and 

end-user. 

The work for this thematic network is divided into 5 work packages. The initial work package (WP-1) will 

be the prediction for the success of the network. Here, by means of each representative per participating 

member, the most recent state-of-the-art will be established as well as the proposed areas/disciplines. 

The areas/disciplines shall take care for following the needs for futures developments by discussing 

present developments. The actual themes will be established for further developments and dissemination 

(this is for example organised in WP-2). Also co-operations can be set up in comparable fields of work. In 

WP-3 short term scientific missions are included. Each member will have the possibility to exchange, 

ONCE during the running time of this network, a (young) worker with another institute/organisation etc. for 

the maximum of 2 weeks per year. This is needed as more institutes; suppliers and/or end-users are 

involved than participating in this network. The work package -WP4-, actually the hearth of our network, 

will deal with the developments of the established eight themes mechanisms, ageing techniques, 

analytical tools, ink deterioration, inhibitors,deacidification, conservation strategies and environmental 

protection - related to the aims of this thematically network. Strategies will be discussed and developed 

further related to the needs in order to conserve/preserve our heritage. Needs, gaps, and how to solve 

the gaps will be discussed and isseminated, WP-5 finally deals with the project management, the ears, 

eyes and mouth of our network. 


• Knowledge exchanges between researchers, suppliers and end-users on the state-of-the-art in 

technology and needs related to the effects of transitional metals in paper. 

• Themes in research and conservation needs (as treatment technologies). Improved communication 

between science, supplier and end-user. 

• Yearly workshop proceedings and network report. 

• Common publications and combined research strategies. 

• Mid-tern assessment. 

• Enhancing the contribution and role of suppliers.


Coordinator 

Havermans, John Dr Tel: +31152696762 

Netherlands Organisation Fax: +31152696511 

for Applied Scientific Research E-mail:j.havermans@ind.tno.nl 

Paper and Board / 

Tno Industrial Technology, 

6031 Schoemakerstraat 97 

2600 JA Delft 


Particiapnts 

Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Department of Preservation, and Lergravsvej 58, 4.S, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark, Contact person: 

Palm Jonas 

Rijksarchiefdienst, Cencerndiensten, 90520 Prins Willem Alexanderhof 20, 2509 LM Den Haag, The Netherlands, Contact person: 

Steemers Ted 

Zfb Zentrum fuer Bucherhaltung Gmbh, Conservation Service, Mommenstr. 7, 04329 Leipzig, Germany, Contact person: Anders 

Manfred 

Archivo de la Corona de Aragon, Arxiu Corona D'Arago, C/ Almogavers, 77, 03018 Barcelona, Spain, Contact person: Dr. Lopez 

Carlos 

Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Kunste, Papierrestaurierung. Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Kunste. Hohenstrasse 16, 

70736 Felbach, Germany, Contact person: Bannik Gerhard 

University of Newcastle, The Conversation Studios, University of Northumbria, NE 1 8ST, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom, 

Contact person: Brown A. Jean E. 

Goeteborg University, Department of Chemistry, Section of Inorganic Chemistry, Att Anna Johansson, Kemigarden, 412 96, 

Goeteborg, Sweden, Contact person: Ahlqwist Margareta 

Slovak National Archives, Department Of Archival Preservation, Drotarska Cesta 42, 81701 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact person: 

Hanus Jozef 

National Archives of Estonia, Preservation Department, Liivi Street 4, 50409 Tartu, Estonia, and Contact person: Tiidor Ruth 

The British Museum, Department of Conservation, British Museum, Great Russel Street, WC1B 3DG London, United Kingdom, 

Contact person: Oddy Andrew 

Jagiellonian University, Research Group for Kinetics of Heterogeneous Reactions/Faculty of Chemistry, Ingardena 3, Cracow, 

Poland, Contact person: Baranski Andrzej 

National and University Library of Slovenia, National and University Library of Slovenia, Preservation Department, Turjaska 1 SI- 

1000 Ljubjana, Slovenia, Contact person: Setinc Lenart 

National Library of Norway Oslo Division, Conservation Unit / Oslo Division, 2674, 0203 SOLLI, Oslo, Norway, Contact person: 

Hesselberg-Wang Nina 

Art Innovation, Westermaatsweg 11, 7556 BW Hengelo, The Netherlands, Contact person: Schipper Dennis 

Instituut Collectie Nederland/Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage, Conserveringsonderzoek/Conservation Science, 76709 

Gabriel Metsustraat 8, 1070 KA Amsterdam, Contact person: DRS. Scholten Steph 

Instituto dos Arquivos Nacionais/Torre do Tombo, Preservation and Conservation Department, Alamedia da Universidade, 1649- 

010 Lisboa, Portugal, Contact person: Da Conceicao Casanova Maria 

National Research Council, Instituto di Chimica Nucleare, CP10 Monterolondo Scalo, 00016, Roma, Italy, Contact person: Angelini 

Giancarlo 

Quillet Sa, Atelier Quillet, BP10 7 Route Du Pertuis, 17 111 Loix En Re, France, Contact person: Quillet Lionel 

University De La Rochelle, Pole Sciences Et Technologies, Laboratoire D'Etude Des Matériaux En Milieux Agressifs (Lemma), 

Avenue Marillac 17 042 La Rochelle, France, Contact person: Dr. Quillet Veronique


University Of Ljubljana Faculty Of Chemistry And Chemical Technology, Faculty Of Chemistry And Chemical Technology, 537 

Askerceva 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Koloini Valentin 

Institut "Jozef Stefan", Department for Low and Intermediate Energy Physics Institut "Jozef Stefan", 3000 Jamova 39, 1001 

Ljubljana, Slovenia, Contact person: Prof. Dr. Turk Vito 

Institute of Art and Design, Paoer Conservation Line, Lummetie 2, 01300, Vantaa, Finland, Contact person: Kecskemeti Istvan 

Slovak University of Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Graphic Arts Technology and Applied 

Photochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact person: Prof: Bales Vladimir


PAPYLUM (Chemiluminescence: a novel tool in paper conservation studies) 





This project will develop a new prototype instrument that, combined with non-destructive sampling and 

the evaluation of the data obtained by this new tool, will be able to predict paper lifetime as well as rate of 

degradation of paper-based library materials and thus, the adequacy of existing conservation treatments. 

The results will be extremely useful for planning future conservation strategies and orientating thousands 

of European libraries and archives towards the best practices in this field. 



The Papylum project is aimed at the construction of an advanced, much needed and non-destructive 

chemiluminescence instrument for the assessment of the degree of material degradation (i.e. damage) or 

stabilisation specially adapted for working with historical paper samples. On the basis of scientific data 

obtained by the new instrument, we will be able to predict paper lifetime, assess the adequacy of existing 

conservation treatments and propose actions to substantially retard the inherent degradation of paperbased 

European cultural heritage thus improving its accessibility to the general public. The new 

instrument, enabling us to measure extremely weak light during oxidation of organic materials, may find 

extended application in the fields of polymer stabilisation and in food chemistry for the assessment of 

oxidative stability. 

Coordinator 

Dr. Boris Pihlar Tel: +38612419160 

University of Ljublijana Fax: +38612419184 

Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology E-mail: boris.pihlar@uni-lj.si 

PO Box 537 

Askerceva 5 

1000 Ljubljana 

Slovenia 

Participants 

Polymer Institute - Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK - 84236 Bratislava, Contact Person: Hrdlovic, Pavol 

Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage, Gabriël Metsustraat 8, NL - 1070 KA Amsterdam, Contact Person: Vos, Rik 

National and University Library of Slovenia, Preservation Department, Turjaska 1, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Contact Person: Setinc, 

Lenart 

Centre National d'Evaluation de Photoprotection CNEP, Ensemble Scientifique des Cezeaux FR - 63177 Aubière, Contact Person: 

LEMAIRE, Jacques


ROCEM (Roman cement to restore built heritage effectively) 





Highly hydraulic binders, known as natural or Roman cements, were key materials to cover facades of 

buildings in the period of European Historicism and Art Nouveau (19th/early 20th century). Roman 

cements were produced by firing marls - clay containing limestones - below their sintering temperature 

and grinding burnt stones to a required fineness. They distinguished themselves from other hydraulic 

binders principally by a very short setting time, typically 7 - 20 minutes, warm yellow-to-brown colour, little 

shrinkage on setting and good durability to atmospheric influences and salt crystallization. 

These features made Roman cement a favoured material for economic and easy manufacture of durable 

mortar decorations for the exterior of buildings. Unfortunately, the material is no longer available on the 

market and there is currently an absence of any broader information on its characteristics, ageing 

behaviour and adequate technologies for protection and restoration. Consequently the fundamental 

principle of modern conservation - that the historic buildings should be repaired by using materials which 

are compatible with the original historic substance - cannot be met when restoring the large preserved 

built heritage of European Historicism and Art Nouveau. 


• To raise awareness of the industry and professionals involved in the care and restoration of the 

nineteenth century built heritage as to the need for re-introducing adequate restoration materials and 

techniques that closely match the original material properties. 

• To provide a description of the optimum raw materials, calcination parameters and post production 

processing, which would permit the re-introduction of Roman cements to the conservation market. 

• Attaining these principal objectives of the project requires: 

• Study of historic Roman cement mortars collected from a representative number of existing 

buildings to provide compatibility criteria for the new binders/mortars. 

• Study and selection of the optimum raw materials, since their chemical and mineralogical 

composition is a key parameter controlling the hydraulic nature and appearance of the final burnt 

material. 

• Determining and optimising laboratory-based calcination parameters to obtain high quality Roman 

cements. 

• Production of a pilot scale quantity of the Roman cement to obtain sufficient amount for further 

work, to assess feasibility of the transfer from laboratory to commercial condition, to support 

introduction to the market. 

• Development of new mortars and compare them to ones collected from historic buildings. 

• Evaluation of the developed mortars in workshop use and on-site conservation work. 

• Implementation of a dissemination strategy including a Technology Profile for enterprises 

interested in technology transfer and exploitation together with an Advice Note and regional 

courses for restoration workers and policy makers. 


The essential advance consists in bringing back to the market an historic material and technology, 

which has a long record of excellent durability, to address properly the conservation needs of the vast 

built heritage of the nineteenth and beginning of twentieth centuries.


Coordinator 

Roman Kozlowski Tel: +48126395119 

Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Fax: +48124251923 

Polish Academy of Sciences E-mail: nckozlow@cyf-kr.edu.pl 

ul. Niezapominajek 8 

30-239 Kraków 

Poland 

Participants 

Universitaet fuer angewandte Kunst, Institut fuer Konservierungswissenschaften und Restaurierung –Technologie ICORT, Salzgries 

14/1, AT - 1013 Wien, Contact Person: Weber, Johannes 

University of Bradford, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Richmond Road, GB - BD7 1DP Bradford, Contact 

Person: Hughes, David 

Gesellschaft fuer Wissenstransfer in der Gebaeude Diagnostik mbH Berlin, , Haynauer Str. 67 A, DE - 12249 Berlin, Contact 

Person: Ullrich, Detlef G. 

Przedsiebiorstwo Betonow Specjalnych Superbet At, ul. Soboniowicka 17A, PL - 30-615 Kraków, Contact Person: Klocek, Andrzej 

AC Konserwacja Zabytkow Piotrowski, Kosakowski Spolka Jawna, ul. Szlak 31/1, PL - 31-153 Kraków, Contact Person: Piotrowski, 

Aleksander 

Atelier Gurtner, Zirkusgasse 39, AT - 1020 Wien, Contact Person: Gurtner, Christian 

Institute for Restoration and Conservation Techniques, Department of Technology, Jiraskova 3, CZ - 57001 Litomysl, Contact 

Person: Bayer, Karol 

Pamiatkovy Urad Slovenskej republiky, Chemical-Technological Department, Cesta Na Cerveny most 6, SK - 814 06 Bratislava, 

Contact Person: Stillhammerova, Martina 

Klaus Rogge Spezialbaugesellschaft mbH, Saatwinkler Damm 13, DE - 13627 Berlin, Contact Person: Mueller, Klaus-Dieter


4.2.3 Foster integration of cultural heritage in urban setting 

APPEAR (Accessibility Projects. Sustainable Preservation and Enhancement of urban 

subsoil Archeological Remains) 


Contract Type: Cost Shared End Date: 31-12-2005 

Project URL: http://www.in-situ.be 

Duration: 36 months 


APPEAR’s focusses on accessibility, conservation, better integration, enhancement and “exploitation” of 

archaeological sites in closed urban subsoil, this meaning to make them accessible to the public while 

ensuring an adequate protection when necessary. This implies the participation of actors (city and urban 

planning authorities, citizens, associations for conservation of cultural heritage, building companies etc) 

with contradictory interests. The project will provide practical tools and procedures to help decisionmaking 

as well as methodological resources required with a view to sustainable socio-cultural 

development. 


Stakeholders also lack a methodological framework specific to the enhancement of buried heritage. The 

choices that are made to deal with the numerous difficulties at the implementation of an accessibility 

project are frequently inappropriate and made at random. Experience shows that paradoxically, sites are 

not always the major concern, but may become a “pretext” for the creation of a museum complex. In the 

same way, the decision-making process often implies methodologies that are mostly used in museums, 

and that often turn out to be poorly adapted to problems generated by integrating archaeological sites into 

the urban setting. In the short or long term, this could lead to disastrous consequences for the remains’ 

conservation and/or to rejection by the population. By gathering experts, practitioners and end users from 

different European countries, the APPEAR project will approach the issue from two different but 

complementary points of view: urban governance and the archaeological sites’ enhancement possibilities. 

One of the main challenges consists in making such sites accessible to the public, offering scientific, 

pedagogic and aesthetic quality, while ensuring an optimal protection and enhancement level. 


The APPEAR project aims at proposing an integrated action plan for a global approach based on the 

completion of accessibility projects, beginning with the planning stage up to the exploitation stage. In 

concrete terms, it will develop the “existing practices” base, which will provide end users and all actors 

concerned by this issue with reference examples. It will give them a useful basis to defend the choices 

they made at different stages of the development of accessibility projects. In addition, the APPEAR guide 

will provide them with tools for decision-making and permanent self-assessment, including useful 

resources for implementing specific interventions for conservation, integration, enhancement and 

management of archaeological sites in the urban setting. In order to make accessibility projects fit into a 

perspective of sustainable urban development, the methodological and practical resources will 

necessarily be developed in logic meeting evolutivity, flexibility, adaptability and applicability criteria.


Coordinator 

WARNOTTE, Anne & FOHN, Mireille Tel: +3242299745-46 

IN SITU Fax : +3242299759 

c/o Service de l’Archéologie du MRW Email : insitu@win.be 

Avenue des Tilleuls, 62 

4000 Liège 

BELGIUM 

DUPAGNE, Albert Tel: +3243669394 

CENTRE FOR URBAN GOVERNANCE STUDIES Fax: +3243669562 

Université de Liège Email: Albert.Dupagne@ulg.ac.be 

Chemin des chevreuils, 1 (B52/3) 

4000 Liège 

Belgium 

Participants 

Center for Urban Governance Studies (CUGS), Organisation: Université de Liège, Chemin des Chevreuils, 1 (B52/3), 4000 Liège, 

Belgium, Contact Person: Dupagne, Albert 

IN SITU, c/o Service de l’Archéologie du Ministère de la Région wallonne, Avenue des Tilleuls, 62, 4000 Liège, Belgium, Contact 

Persons: Warnotte, Anne and Fohn, Mireille 

Museu d’Historia de la Ciutat Barcelona (MHCB), Organisation: Institut de Cultura de Barcelona, Plaza del Rei, S/N, 08002 

Barcelona, Spain, Contact Person: Nicolau Martí, Antoni 

General Coordination of The AVEC Network, Organisation: AVEC (Alliance des Villes Européennes de Culture), Esze Tamás u.5, 

7624 Pécs, Hungary, Contact Person: Sarkadi, Eszter 

Bureau de Gestion de Projets, Organisation: Icomos (International Council on Monuments and Sites), Rue de la Fédération, 49/51, 

75015 Paris, France, Contact Person: Luxen, Jean-Louis. 

Dipartimento Soprintendenza per I Beni e le Attività’ Culturali, Organisation: Regione Autonoma Valle d’Aosta, Piazza Narbonne 3, 

11100 Aosta, Italy, Contact Person: Perinetti, Renato 

English Heritage, Archaeology Department, Organisation: Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England, 23 Savile 

Row, London W1S 2ET, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Miles, David 

In Extenso, Rue Jules Ferry 27, 95880 Enghien-Les-Bains, France, Contact Person: Diaz Pedregal, Pierre 

Psicología Basica. Facultad de Psicología, Organisation: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, 

Contact Person: Asensio, Mikel


SUIT (Sustainable development of urban historical areas through an active integration 

within towns) 





The networks of buildings, monuments, streets, squares and parks uniquely define the European towns 

and cities that are the palpable, if unconscious, cultural horizon for those who live and work in them. Built 

heritage, as well as satisfying the mundane requirements of shelter and comfort, brings essential stability 

and richness to our lives and provides the singular, evolving expression of the achievements, values and 

identity of specific communities. As a consequence present conservation policies tend more and more to 

consider entire urban areas as significant pieces of cultural heritage. Yet the preservation and 

conservation of European historical urban areas raise specific questions. These areas are ‘living’ 

systems, involving social dynamics, technical and building networks and the presence of people living in 

it. Their sound conservation suggests they must be kept within sustainable development activity cycles. 

As a consequence the active conservation of such historical areas should fall under the present 

Environmental Impact Assessment directive (97/11/EC) as well as the forthcoming Strategical 

Environmental Assessment directive (COM (99)73). These procedures will constitute a reference 

framework within the SUIT research. 


The SUIT project aims at establishing a flexible and consistent Environmental Assessment methodology 

to assist with the active conservation of historical areas. This methodology will be designed to help 

municipalities and local authorities in assessing the suitability of new urban developments which will 

promote sustainable exploitation of urban and architectural cultural heritage. The methodology will also 

help to match existing historical areas with current socio-economic requirements, through an active 

integration of this heritage within new development projects. This general objective has been declined 

along three tangible research activities : 

1) Development of an Environmental Assessment methodology devoted to the active conservation of 

historical areas, from the identification of urban heritage issues to the evaluation of effectiveness of the 

adopted conservation measures. 

2) Development of tools and methods devoted to historical areas quality analysis, capable to support an 

objective and reliable Environmental Assessment procedure. 

3) Development of knowledge and ability training supports to encourage experts, stakeholders and 

decision-makers to gain a common urban culture throughout the process of an Environmental 

Assessment applied to the active conservation of an historical area. 


The outcomes of the research will mainly be targeted at municipalities and town councils, which normally 

lack the expertise to handle complex research prototypes and state-of-the-art techniques. It has thus 

been considered that the main operational outcome of the project should consist of the camera-ready 

version of a "Guideline about the Environmental Assessment of the effects of certain plans, programmes 

or projects upon the heritage value and long-term sustainability of historical area".


Coordinator 

Dupagne, Albert Tel: +3243669394 

Universite de Liege Fax: +3243669562 

LEMA E-mail: albert.dupagne@ulg.ac.be 

Chemin Des Chevreuils 1 Bat. B52/3 

4000 Liege 

Belgium 

Participants 

Laboratoire d’études méthodologiques architecturales – Département d’architecture et d’urbanisme - Faculté des Sciences 

Appliquées – Université de Liège, Bâtiment B52/3, n°1 Chemin des Chevreuils, 4000 Liège 1, Belgium. Contact Person: Legros, 

Willy (Professor) 

Politologie Generale et Administration Publique - Faculte de Droit Organisation: Universite de Liege 7 Boulevard du Rectorat 7, Bat 

B31 4000 Liege Belgium Contact Person: Legros, Willy (Professor) 

Lehrstuhl fur Denkmalpflege und Bauforschung Organisation: Universitaet Dortmund August Schmidt Strasse 6 44221 Dortmund 

Germany Contact Person: Groh, Dietrich (Mr) 

School of Architecture Organisation: The Queen's University of Belfast Lennoxvale 2 BT9 5BY Belfast United Kingdom Contact 

Person: Weir, David (Dr) 

Environmental Impact Assessment Unit Institute of Biological Sciences Organisation: University College of Wales Aberystwyth 

Cledwyn Building, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3DD Aberystwyth United Kingdom Contact Person: Lewis, Keith (Mr) 

Urban Design and Restoration Department Building culture, Urban Design and Restoration Organisation: Kunstakademiets 

Arkitektskole Philip De Langes Alle 10, 1435 Koebenhavn K/Copenhaegen Denmark Contact Person: Harder, Ebbe (Mr) 

Division de L'observatoire de L'habitat de de la Coordination, Direction Generale de l'amenagement du Territoire, du Logement et 

du Patrimoine Organisation: Region Wallonne, Rue des Brigades D'irlande, 1, 5100 Jambes, Belgium, Contact Person: Foret, 

Michel (Mr) 

Institut fur Industrielle Bauproduktion, Fakultat fur Bauingenieur- und Vermess Ungswesen, Organisation: Universitat Karlsruhe 

(Technische Hochschule), Eglerstrasse 7 76128 Karlsruhe Germany Contact Person: Wuerdemann, Hilke (Dr)



ARCHI-MED (Archaeological composites in Mediterranean architecture: baked glass 

ceramics alteration and re-creation) 

Project Reference ICA3-1999-00002 Start Date: 01-05-2000 




The ARCHI-MED programme concerns baked glass-ceramic composite materials used for architectural 

decoration in the Mediterranean countries. These materials present various types of problems for 

urbanists, town planners, architects and companies which have responsibility for rehabilitating certain old 

buildings (private houses, palaces, mausolea, mosques etc) thanks to their presence on walls or floors. 


• To understand, in order to control, the processes of deterioration of these materials and of their 

supports. 

• To develop precise data regarding the physical characteristics (texture, component parts) of these 

materials, in order to reproduce them. 

Several steps will be taken simultaneously: 

1. Updating of knowledge relating to former production techniques in two specific countries over several 

centuries with regard to glass-ceramics production: Turkey (region of Iznik) and Spain (region of 

Valencia) from workshop excavation data. 

2. Laboratory research, with exchange of competencies and of materials. This work will be undertaken 

in Bordeaux, France where research has been undertaken for about twenty years into these 

composite materials and in Meknes, Morocco, where a team will specialise in this field. 

Scientifically, the principal strategy consists in proceeding: 

• by distinguishing deterioration of mechanical origin from that of a physicochemical origin - in microobservations 

(electron microscopy, specific elementary analyses Auger spectroscopy, XPS 

spectroscopy) 

• texture studies by using a new method of texture analysis, developed in Bordeaux and associated 

with cathodoluminescence and electron microscopy 

• studies of the colour using a ground spectroradiometer which allows field measurements - 

• experiences of re-creating these materials 


Coordinator 

Prof Max Shvoerer Tel: 

Universite Michel de Montaigne – Bordeaux III Fax: +33557124550 

Centre de Recherche Physique E-mail: crpaa@montaigne.u-bordeaux.fr 

des Archeomateriaux 

Esplanade des Antilles. 

Maison de l'archeologie 

33405 Talence 

France


Participants 

Museu de Ceramica de Manises (Ajutament de Manises) Sagari 2246940 Manises Spain Contact Person: Perez Camps, Josep (Dr) 

Laboratoire de Spectrometrie Physique. Departement de Physique Faculte des Sciences 

Universite Mouley Ismail Morocco Contact Person: Kifani, A. (Professor) Education Department: Archeology And Art History 

Department. Faculty of Letters Organisation: Istanbul University 34459 Istanbul Turkey Contact Person: Goney, Suha (Professor)


CAHRISMA (Conservation of the acoustical heritage by the revival and identification of 

the sinan's mosque's acoustics) 

Project Reference: ICA3-1999-00007 Start Date: 01-02-2000 




In the conservation and restitution of historical monuments, usually concepts related only to visual sense 

are taken into consideration. However, preserving architectural heritage should include preserving of the 

acoustical heritage, especially for the spaces having acoustical importance such as concert-opera halls 

and religious buildings. By the aid of new expression techniques, the concept of architectural 

conservation has recently won different dimensions. By the developments of software technology, it is 

now possible to recreate environments belonging to one of the different period of the building in virtual 

reality and present it together with the artificial environment visualising the cultural features of the related 

period. Till nowadays these works were limited by visual perception, however it is possible to recreate 

different environments effecting human’s various perceptions. CAHRISMA Project has been undertaken 

with the mentioned context. In this work, by the evaluation of Sinan's mosques (well known because of 

their acoustical qualities besides others) and Byzantine churches (which influenced Sinan's architecture), 

a concept that allow to upgrade the architectural heritage is innovated in order to be able to cover 

acoustical and visual properties for the spaces having acoustical importance. 

The work is started from the identification and recovery of the current traditional data on the materials, 

details, construction processes and properties of the selected mosques and churches; their acoustical 

properties is evaluated and compared by means of measurements, computer aided modelling and 

psycho-acoustical surveys; selected architectural work is visualised in real time 3D virtual environments; 

finally this data is used to develop a synchronised real time system to be able to create integrated virtual 

environments with virtual humans. Those virtual environments are then used in the virtual revival and 

reconstruction of the ancient acoustical heritage. Materials’ initial acoustical properties is modelled by 

means of the computer technologies and used to create the initial acoustical environments virtually; the 

whole process is called virtual restitution. For the situations where architectural restoration and 

conservation are not available, this system will provide virtual conservation which will have the main 

advantage to cover both visual and acoustical properties of the real environments, thus the most close 

virtual environment to the real one, will be developed. 


The basic objective of the CAHRISMA project is to upgrade the architectural heritage concept by 

innovating and implementing the concept of “Hybrid Architectural Heritage” in the field of conservation 

and restoration. Hybrid Architectural Heritage is a new way of identification that covers acoustical 

characteristics besides visual peculiarities. The objective described above is reachable by the 

coordination of architecture, acoustics, psychoacoustics and computer sciences. For this context, 

increased interdisciplinary and trans disciplinary features should be used. 

Specific scientific and technological goals of CAHRISMA project are summarized as follows: 

• Identification of the recent and initial acoustical peculiarities of the Sinan’s mosques and Byzantine 

churches, by acoustical measurements and computer aided modelling tools. 

• Evaluation of psycho-acoustical and subjective characteristics of these worships spaces. 

• Integration of acoustical and visual virtual environments into an interactive 3D real-time system. 

• Creation of an integrated real-time system for CD-ROM of 3D architectural models with realistic 

virtual humans. 

• Comparison of the mosques and churches acoustics and review of the acoustical influence of 

Byzantine churches on Sinan’s mosques. 

• Determination of the optimum acoustical conditions for mosques by the comparison of subjective 

parameters obtained from psycho-acoustical surveys with the objective parameters obtained from 

measurements and calculations.


• Conservation and restitution of the selected monuments architectural heritage (acoustical and visual) 

in a virtual environment. 

A methodology that has apparent benefits both in identification and conservation fields is developed in 

order to transport the “Hybrid Architectural Heritage” into virtual environment. This methodology covers 

the combination of visual and acoustical features of the architectural spaces in interactive 3D virtual 

environments. By the utilisation of the mentioned methodology, for the situations where architectural 

conservation and restoration are not available, virtual conservation and restoration will be provided. The 

methodology of the project consists of the following steps: 

1. Acoustical identification and evaluation 

• Objective identification and evaluation (measurements, calculations) 

• Subjective identification and evaluation (psycho-acoustical surveys) 

2. Creation of the Virtual Environment 

• Visual simulation (simulation of spaces, simulation of people) 

• Acoustical simulation 

• Combined 3D real time simulation with virtual people 

3. Evaluation 

• Examination of the specific acoustical properties of selected worship spaces 

• Assessment of the psycho-acoustical characteristics of these worship spaces 

• Determination of the optimum acoustical conditions for mosques 

• Conservation and restoration of the architectural heritage of selected monuments 

(acoustical and visual) in a virtual environment 


Conceptual and practical innovations and improvements in the fields of acoustics, lighting, simulation 

technologies, architecture, conservation- restoration and tourism will be created by the achievement 

of the objectives and goals of this wide frame research. Besides the conservation of the architectural 

heritage and development in the related scientific fields, this project will contribute to the increase of 

interest for historical monuments and enhance touristical curiosity, attracting attentions to a different 

feature. Humanity will protect and attend to an important and different part of his past by the 

application of the concept and techniques utilised in this project. The Research Project CAHRISMA, 

will emphasise the role of Euro-Mediterranean Partnership within the international scientific field and 

will undertake an important support to the advertisement of marvellous work of arts. 

Moreover, virtual heritage reconstructions usually focus on displaying architecture or artefacts with 

virtual humans playing only minor roles. In the real world, however such places are, or have been, 

populated by smaller or larger number of people. In the context of CAHRISMA Project, a 

methodology was developed for reconstruction of the real-world scenarios with larger numbers of 

virtual humans involving in real-time. Several possible applications of virtual humans in the cultural 

heritage domain can be foreseen: the realism of the reconstructed architectural spaces can be 

increased by populating them with virtual characters; intangible cultural heritage, such as various 

ceremonies, rituals, dances or certain significant historical events can be preserved by transferring 

real-world actions into virtual worlds. 

More specific impacts are listed below: 

• Establishing an innovative point of view into the architectural conservation field as to cover 

acoustical heritage. 

• Encouragement of the usage of the virtual reality in archaeological sites and edifices of 

architectural heritage. 

• Pioneering in developing methodologies to determine design guidelines for good acoustics in 

domed spaces. 

• Inclusion of the virtual human characters into cultural heritage simulations. 

• Increasing the interest in the acoustical comfort in the mosques. 

•


Coordinator 

Prof. Dr. Zerhan Karabiber Tel: +90 212 259 70 70 (2255 ext) 

Yildiz Technical University Fax: +90 212 261 05 49 

Faculty of Architecture E-mail: karabi@yildiz.edu.tr 

Building Physics Department karabiz@yahoo.com 

34349 Besiktas, Istanbul 

TURKEY 

Participants 

Department of Acoustic Technology: Danmarks Tekniske Universitetanker Engelundsvej 1, Building 3522800 Lyngby DENMARK, 

Contact Person: Rindel, Jens Holger (Assoc. Prof.) 

Instituto di Ingegneria - Facolta di Ingeneria: Universita degli Studi di Ferrara, via Saragat 144100 Ferrara ITALY, Contact Person: 

Pompoli, Roberto (Professor) 

Computer Graphics Lab: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Ecublens,1015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND, Contact Person: 

Thalmann, Daniel (Professor) 

Centre Universitaire D’informatique: University of Geneva, 24 Rue General Dufour CH 1211, Geneve SWITZERLAND, Contact 

Person: Magnenat-Thalmann, Nadia (Professor) 

Association d’Etude pour le Developpement, l’Information, la Formation et l’Intervention sur le Cadre de Vie et l’Environnement, 185 

rue J. Voillot, 69100 Lyon- Villeurbanne, FRANCE Contact Person: Vallet, Michel (Dr) 

Department of Communications and Computer Engineering: University of Malta msd 08 Msida MALTA, Contact Person: Micallef, 

Paul (Professor).


CHIME (Conservation of historical Mediterranean sites by innovative seismic-protection 

techniques) 





The Mediterranean area is probably one of the richest areas in the world in terms of cultural and historical 

heritage. The area was the birthplace of a diversity of civilizations, including; the Ancient Egyptian, the 

Greek, the Roman, the Phoenician, and the Arab-Islamic civilizations. As a result, there exists an 

invaluable wealth of cultural and historical sites in this area. Unfortunately, a number of these sites are 

located in seismically active areas, and many of them have already suffered various degrees of damage 

during past earthquakes. It is the responsibility of the concerned Mediterranean countries to take 

appropriate measures to protect and preserve their cultural heritage from potentially future earthquakes. 

Figure 1. Historical seismicity of the Mediterranean (NOAA catalog) 

Modern seismic retrofit techniques applied to existing structures, such as the addition of steel moment 

resisting frames or reinforced concrete shear walls, waste the historical value of an ancient building 

because they are aesthetically apparent. Base isolation, which consists of placing isolators and/or 

dampers at the fondation level, requires only minor structural modifications to the building, specially at the 

fondation level where they are not aesthetically apparent. As an alternative small size devices could be 

distributed across the structures to dissipate energy. These devices can eventually be made intelligent 

(semi active control), provided that their properties be the result of a suitable control process.



The following components form the projects: 

• Selection of historic buildings (in Tunisia and Egypt the have already been identified). 

• Ambient or forced vibration testing of the selected building in order to obtain the structure modal 

signature (frequency, mode shape, damping ratios). 

• Calibration of the structure model so that the linear elastic response of non-isolated structures 

represents accurately the measured response. 

• Shake table tests of HDR bearing to get their uniaxial and biaxial behaviour under shear loading. 

• Development of analytical models and elaboration of systems identification method to fit the 

measured data. 

• Implementation of a suitable hysteretic analytical model in 3D-Basis. 

• Implementation of software able to analyse structural system with distributed damper and dissipation 

devices. 

• Implementation of appropriate control laws for the semiactive devices. 


• Hazard and Analysis of selected sites and Vulnerability Assessment of selected case studies. 

• Retrofitting solutions for the monument which were investigated. 

• Extension to similar structures as minarets and rural churches. 

Coordinator 

Prof. Fabio Casciati Tel: +39 0382 505458 

Universita degli Studi di Pavia Fax: +39 0382 528422 

Dipartimento di E-mail: fabio@dipmec.unipv.it 

Meccanica Strutturale 

Via Ferrata n°1 

27100 Pavia 

Italy 

Participants 

University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, by its Department of Structural Mechanics under the technical responsibility of Professor Fabio 

Casciati; 

SIART s.r.l., Pavia, Italy, which participates at shared costs, under the responsibility of its General Manager, Mrs. Iva Fava; 

National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece, by its Institute of Structural Analysis and Aseismic Research under the 

technical responsibility of Professor Costas Syrmakezis. 

Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, by its Concrete Research Laboratory under the technical responsibility of Professor Adel El Attar; 

Themos Demetriou and Associates, Civil Engineers, Nicosia, Cyprus, under the responsibility of Dr. Themos Demetriou; 

“Institut National du Patrimoine”, Tunis, Tunisia, by its Central Laboratory under the technical responsibility of Dr. Slim Khosrof; 

“Ecole Polytechnique de Tunisie”, La Marsa, Tunisia, under the technical responsibility of Dr. Sami El Borgi; 

“Institut National de la Météorologie”, Tunis-Carthage, Tunisia, by its Department of Geophysics and Astronomics, under the 

responsibility of Dr. Hajji Hamda.


FORTMED (Restoration and use of the early medieval fortifications in the east 

Mediterranean countries) 





The primary objective of this proposal is the development, establishment and dissemination of a holistic 

approach for the consolidation and restoration of masonry monuments of the East Mediterranean 

Countries and especially the Early Medieval Fortifications as they consist a common cultural feature for 

the region. The stability, the functional behaviour, as well as the historical and environmental background 

of the old fortifications, envisaged as an integrated whole, would be primarily taken into account in order 

to manufacture and implement new repair materials while maintaining the authenticity of them and their 

incorporation to modern urban centres or natural landscape. The dissemination and exchange of 

knowledge and experience will be steadily encouraged through a wide range of activities: Consultancy, 

short term training facilities, workshops and regular meetings of partners. 

The work will be implemented in two stages 

• Stage A 

1. Evaluation of existing materials and masonry behaviour by using expert systems supported by the 

use of in-site and laboratory tests. From this diagnosis stage much knowledge about materials and 

degree of deterioration of fortifications will be released. The co-operation among partners will make 

possible exchange of that knowledge and a kind of global understanding in combination with 

geographical and historical evolution of East Mediterranean area. 

2. Proposals on repair materials and restoration techniques based on the results of the first stage. 

Compatible repair mortars and grouts based on appearance - strength -elasticity - porosity properties 

of existing structure will be suggested followed by guidelines for their application and monitoring. 

• Stage B 

A multidisciplinary proposal concerning revitalisation and proper use of medieval fortifications 

combining pure restoration, urbanism and landscaping aspects. The proposals in each case will 

include principles of use, which will serve modern social purposes having always in mind the basic 

concept of Chart de Venice and relevant international agreements about incorporation of historical 

sites to urban centres or natural landscapes. 



Coordinator 

Guiba-Tziampiri, Olympia (Professor) Tel: +3031996745 

Aristoteleio Panepistimio Thessalonikis Fax: +3031200392 

Department of Civil Engineering – E-mail: research@rc.auth.gr 

School of Technology 

Structural Division 

Egnatia Street 

54006 Thessalonki 

Greece 

Participants 

Planning & Research Organisation: Costas Mygdalis & Sia O.E.P. Corifinis 3663200 Nea Mokoaniagreece Contact Person: 

Mygdalis, Kostantinos (Dr) 

Dipartimento di Storia dell'architettura Organisation: Istituto Universitario di Architettura di Veneziatolentina 19130135 Venezia Italy 

Contact Person: Gennaro, Giorgio (Dr)


Department of Architecture Faculty of Architecture Organisation: Technical University of Istanbulitu Taskisla, Taksim 80191 Istanbul 

Turkey Contact Person: Inceoglu, Mine 

(Professor) Research Department: Department of Antiquities Organisation: Ministry of Tourism And Antiquitiessultan Al Atrash 1181 

Amman Jordan Contact Person: Khraysheh, Fawwaz (Professor)


HEROCOMANES (Heritage conservation and management in Egypt and Syria) 





The fundamental goal of this research project is the upgrading of management systems able to restore 

and conserve historic sites, monuments and objects. It will seek to supply the inputs of knowledge 

required to optimise intervention and assist in decision-making. The research focuses on the late 

nineteenth and early twentieth century city centres of Cairo and Aleppo. It breaks new ground in the 

nature of subject mater and goes hand in hand with a conservation process, which has recently 

embarked in both cities. It will contribute to the definition of an appropriate inventory method of valuable 

objects, in addition to an analysis approach homing in on three levels: the area the street and the edifice; 

with analysis fine-tuned to building materials and techniques, and assess the economic feasibility. 

There are three main lines of action in view: 

1. To determine the lie of the land with respect to the protection of the Egyptian and Syrian sites dating 

back to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This will involve: reviewing the concept of 

heritage and the goals of conservation; assessing the legal, financial and operational tools and 

means implemented ; investigating the nature of the listing (general, detailed), the selection and 

classification criteria, the methods for gathering and sorting data; 

2. To define the conceptual and methodological framework for selecting listed objects, in addition to an 

analysis approach homing in on three distinct levels 

• area level: to enable the assessment and classification of particular urban forms 

• street level: to form sets of edifices according to architecture, construction and style 

• edifice level: with analysis fine-tuned to study structures, building materials and techniques, 

particularities and deformations 

3. To devise suitable systems for managing urban heritage in modern inner cities, while taking into 

account the constraints and socio-cultural, political and economic contexts prevailing in the two countries 

Coordinator 

Muller, Jean-Pierre Tel: +33148037701 

Institut de Recherche Fax: +33140362524 

pour le Développement E-mail: dg@paris.ird.fr 

Centre de Bondy - Ile de France 

Departement Société et Santé 

Avenue Henri Varagnat 32 

93143 Bondy 

France 

Participants 

Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Organisation: University of Cairocairo Campus University 12631 Giza Egypt 

Contact Person: El Sherbini, Mahmud 

Faculty of Architectural Engineering Organisation: University of Aleppo Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic Syria Contact Person: 

Chehabi, Abdul Ghani 

Scuola di Specializzazione in Pianificazione Urbana e Territoriale Applicata ai Paesi in Viadi Sviluppo Organisation: Istituto 

Universitario di Architettura di Venezia Ca Tron - S. Croce 1957, 30125 Venezia Italy Contact Person: Folin, Marino 

Université Lumière Lyon 2 Rue Pasteur 86, 69365 Lyon France Contact Person: Gelas, Bruno


JEWELMED (Comparative Analysis of Manufacturing Technologies in Goldsmithing and 

Silversmithing From The seventh to the first Century B.C in the Mediterranean Area) 


Contract Type: Coordination of research actions End Date: 31-08-2003 

Project URL: http://www.ejtn.org Duration: 30 months 


Several initiatives in the Fourth Framework have been fostering the identification, analysis, preservation 

and dissemination of manufacturing technologies in goldsmithing and silversmithing from the 7 th to the 1 st 

century B.C. in the Mediterranean area. The project aims at collating data and experiences gathered in 

such projects in order to contribute to the reutilisation of manufacturing technologies in goldsmithing and 

silversmithing in: 

• education activities, 

• training of qualified competencies for Museum restoration activities , 

• restoration of archaeological artefacts and handcrafting SME market promotion. 

The project will focus on three major activities: 

• -identification of technologies 

• comparative studies 

• utilisation of supporting technologies 

The identification of technologies will proceed through extensive analysis of data gathered by other 

projects and in libraries, museums and scientific organisations. The comparative study will consist of 

detailed description of methodologies of techniques identified, with the input of specialists from the 

scientific, archaeological and technical organisations participating in the project. The utilisation of 

supporting technologies is a two-fold approach. At one hand, chemical and materials techniques will 

contribute to the identification of the production processes, the alloys used, the solder composition and to 

reconstruct the technological history of the artefacts. On the other hand, Information Technology will be 

utilised to provide infrastructure for anotating, archiving and interrelating the collected data. 



Coordinator 

Vitobello, Maria Luisa Tel: 

European Jewellery Technology Network Fax: 

Operative Headquarters E-mail: ejtn@ieni.cnr.it 

Via R. Cozzi 53 

20125 Milano 

Italy 

Participants 

Participants Consultancy Research Education Industry Non Commercial Technology Transfer Department: Computer Department 

Organisation: Higher Technical Institutepo Box 24232016 Nicosia Cyprus Contact Person: Ioannides, Marinos 

Conservation Department Organisation: Benaki Museum6 Hesiodou Street 6106 74 Athens Greece Contact Person: Delivorrias, 

Angelos 

National Museum of Archaeologyrepublic Street Malta Contact Person: Pace, Anthony 

Projects Department Organisation: Standardata Egyptahmed Orabi 13 Mahandeseen Egypt Contact Person: Danish, Adel 

Chemistry Department Organisation: The Hashemite University 13115 Zerka Jordan Contact Person: Battikhi, Anwar


Education Department: MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY & SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT UNIT DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER 

SCIENCE Organisation: University Of Ioanninapanepistimioupoli Ioanninon 45110 Ioannina Greece Contact Person: MASSALAS, 

Christos (Professor) 

Education Department: Istituto di Scienze Fisiche Institute of Physics - Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Organisation: Universita 

degli Studi di Anconavia P. Ranieri -8560131 Ancona Italy Contact Person: Pacetti, Marco (Professor)


TEXMED (New materials and eco-sustainable technologies for the conservation and 

restoration of textiles) 





There is an urgent need, jointly acknowledged by EU Member States and MPCs, to preserve Textile 

Heritage. Hence, R&D project-TEXMED intends to find out appropriate and eco-sustainable solutions to 

problems of conservation and restoration of the Euro-Med Textile Heritage and to transfer the project 

results to the final users. Such ambitious targets will be achieved through: integration of research 

activities on advanced, different but complementary research topics, simultaneously considered and 

carried out by a multidisciplinary team; training of curators, restorers, etc. 


To achieve new polymeric materials with specific properties for durable and eco-sustainable conservation 

and restoration of artefacts consisting of natural fibres by means of processes with minimal environmental 

impact. 

To improve non-destructive investigation techniques for identifying nature, origin, colour, dye and 

manufacturing of fibres composing textiles 

To set up model-textiles suitable in regard to amount, shape, size, homogeneousness to carry out 

laboratory applicative tests. 

To assess evaluation criteria of the durability of the materials, i.e of fibres composing the artefacts, of new 

polymers and of fibres after the treatment with polymers as a function of the environmental attack. 


Thus, expected results are: new formulations and innovative technologies (free of toxic and/or harmful 

solvents) for the conservation and restoration of textiles; non-destructive methodologies for the 

characterisation of artefacts consisting of natural fibres; ad hoc treatments toward exhibition of textiles 

stored at Museums, Art Galleries, etc. in the Euro-Med Area 

A selected number of textile artefacts of archaeological, historical and artistic interest, belonging to 

different ages in the history (4 th millennium B.C – 5 th century A.D; 18 th ) and with different origin (Jewish, 

Egyptian and Italic) will be deeply characterised for setting up tailored conservation and restoration 

treatments toward exhibition. 

The achievement of the research objectives will allow an eco-sustainable fruition of the Textile Heritage 

thus favouring the economic and occupational growth of the Euro-Mediterranean Area related to the 

trinomial Cultural Heritage – Environment –Tourism. 

What is more, the achievement of the objectives will strengthen the EU scientific and technological 

excellence in preserving and using Cultural Heritage and the co-operation among different Euro-Med 

Institutions ready to share their know-how and experience to jointly achieve common goals.


Coordinator 

Martuscelli, Ezio (Professor) Tel: +390818675064 

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Fax: +390818663378 

Institute of Chemistry E-mail: dor@mail.irtemp.na.cnr.it 

and Technology of Polymers 

Via Campi Flegrei, 34 

80078 Pozzuoli (Naples) 

Italy 

Participants 

Participants: 

Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy - 

Contact Person: D’Orazio, Loredana (Dr) 

Conservation Center of Archaeology, Manuscripts and Museum Objects, University of Cairo, Giza, Cairo - Egypt 

Contact Person: Helmi, Fatma (Professor) 

The Edelstein Centre for The Analysis of Ancient Textiles And Related Artifacts - Shenkar College of Engineering and Design 

Ramat-Gan - Israel Contact Person: Zvi C. Koren (Professor) 

Istituto per l'Arte e Il Restauro Palazzo Spinelli - Borgo Santa Croce, Firenze - Italy Contact Person: Bartoletti, Chiara (Dr) 

Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Contact Person: Ziad al Saad, (Professor) 

Laboratoire de Transmission et de Traitement D'image - Departement Genie Electrique Ecole Superieure de Technologie - 

Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fes - Morocco Contact Person: Bensilimane, Rachid (Professor) 

Escola Técnica Superior d’ Enginyers Industrials de Terrasa - Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Terrassa - Spain Contact 

Person: Naike, Arun (Dr)

4.3 Development and demonstration of 

technologies for safe, economic, 

clean, effective and sustainable 

preservation, recovery, renovation, 

construction dismantling and demoli 

-tion of the built environment in 

partnership for large groups of 

buildings


buildings and urban infrastructure 

Summary Table 


CRISP 


EVK4-CT-1999-20002 Construction and city related sustainability 

http://crisp.cstb.fr/ 

CURE EVK4-CT-2002-80005 Centre for Urban Construction and Rehabilitation: 

Technology Transfer, Research and Education 

HQE 2 R EVK4-CT-2000-00025 Sustainable renovation of buildings for sustainable 


http://hqe2r.cstb.fr 

IRMA EVK4-CT-2002-00092 Integrated decontamination and rehabilitation of 

buildings, structures and materials in urban renewal 

PRESCO EVK4-CT-1999-20003 

European thematic network on practical 

recommendations for sustainable construction 

www.jbase208.eunet.be 

RISK-UE EVK4-CT-2000-00014 An advanced approach to earthquake risk scenarios 

with applications to different European towns. 

www.risk-ue.net 

RUFUS EVK4-CT-2002-00099 Re-use of Foundations for Urban Sites 

SAFEFLOOR EVK4-CT-2000-00020 Low risk and totally recyclable structural buildings 

SHE EVK4-CT-2002-00104 Sustainable housing in Europe 

SUREURO EVK4-CT-1999-00008 

Sustainable refurbishment Europe 

http://www.sureuro.com/ 

WAMBUCO EVK4-CT-2002-30006 European Waste Manual for Building Construction 

www.wambuco.net



CABERNET 


EVK4-CT-2001-20004 Concerted action on brownfield and economic 

regeneration network 

http://www.cabernet.org.uk/ 

HYGEIA EVK4-CT-2001-00046 Hybrid geophysical technology for the evaluation of 

insidious contaminated areas 

NORISC EVK4-CT-2000-00026 Network orientated risk assessment by in-situ 

screening of contaminated sites 

RESCUE 

www.norisc.com 

EVK4-CT-2001-00068 Regeneration of European sites in cities and urban 

environments 

www.rescue-europe.com

4.3.1 Sustainable construction and reconstruction of large groups of buildings and urban infrastructure 


building and urban infrastructure 

CRISP (Construction and City Related Sustainability Indicators) 


Contract Type: Thematic network End Date: 31-05-2003 

Project URL: http://crisp.cstb.fr/ Duration: 36 months 


The Sustainable Construction concept aims at the creation and responsible management of a healthy 

built environment based on resource efficient and ecological principles. It takes account of environmental 

and life quality issues, social equity and cultural issues, and economic constraints. Sustainability 

indicators constitute one of the bottlenecks in moving towards more sustainable construction and cities. 

Indicators are needed to precisely define sustainability criteria and to measure the performance of the 

construction industry and the built environment. Decision-makers and policy-makers need indicators to 

evaluate economically viable and technically feasible strategies to improve the quality of life, whilst at the 

same time increasing resource use efficiency. Numerous actors in the construction and development 

process need tools and guidelines based on indicators to improve current practices and the quality of 

construction. The Network aims to co-ordinate current research work defining and validating such 

indicators and implementing them to measure the sustainability of construction projects (buildings and 

built environment) in cities. This includes the activities of identifying and maintaining indicator sets 

together with implementing them to compare sustainability at a number of levels: individual buildings, 

large groups of buildings at both the urban and suburban levels as well as for whole urban areas. 

Implementation in construction activities at the scale of a city, a region or a country is also to be explored. 


CRISP brings together the work of a carefully selected set of 24 skilled teams that bring to the Network 

the results achieved in a wide range of national and international projects in this field from across the 

breadth of Europe. The main activities of the Network are to define a framework and general methodology 

for construction and city related sustainability indicators, stimulate and co-ordinate the development of 

such indicators, gather and organise indicators within a database including information on validation, 

testing and criteria of use, and widely disseminate the results of the research carried out. 

In order to facilitate the use and uptake of these indicators, dissemination is to take place through a 

Newsletter, an active Website developed to be useful to the needs of the end users. Regular conferences 

and meetings will conduct discussions with a range of different target groups. Four sub-areas are to be 

addressed by four teams or clusters: the product cluster, the building cluster, the urban blocks cluster and 

the process/strategy cluster. 


CRISP aims to develop and validate harmonised criteria and relevant and efficient indicators to measure 

the sustainability of construction projects particularly within the urban built environment. Through the 

range of indicators, which will be dealt with, the project will contribute to improve the quality of life in 

urban communities and to promote sustainable development assessed in economic, architecture, 

environmental, social and cultural terms. Challenges which will be considered through the indicators are 

for instance linked to the preservation of natural resources, air quality, noise, health and safety, waste, 

economic competitiveness, employment, deterioration of infrastructure, urban sustainability, 

environmental loads of construction, socio-cultural aspects etc. 

Other impacts include also better co-ordination of the development of sustainability indicators for 

construction and cities, improved consensus on the indicators available and on the criteria of their use,


better understanding and application of these indicators by relevant end-users such as planners, 

developers, designers, standardisation bodies, authorities, contractors and materials producers. These 

end-users will benefit greatly from an authoritative, relevant and agreed source of information on 

indicators. It will enable them to develop more appropriate performance targets, tools and standards in 

order to improve the level of sustainability of the built environment. 

Coordinator 

Bourdeau, Luc Tel: +33493956706 

CSTB Sophia – Autipolis Départemenent Fax: 

Développement Durable BP - 209 E-mail: l.bourdeau@cstb.fr 

F-06094 S-A Cedex 

France 

Participants 

Institut für Bauphysik: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Fraunhofer Strasse 10 83626 

Valley Germany Contact Person: Gertis, Karl 

Association Energie-Cités 2 Chemin de Palente 25000 Besançon, France Contact: Magnin, Gérard 

Division Structures: Belgian Building Research Institute, 21 Avenue P. Holoffe 21 Limelette, Belgium Contact: De Pauw, Carlo 

Department of Built Environment Organisation: Royal Institute of Technology 3 Södra Sjötullsgatan 3, Po Box 88, 801 02 Gävle, 

Sweden Contact Person: Löfberg, Hans Allan 

Division of Energy And Indoor Climate Organisation: Danish Building Research Institute 15 Dr. Neergaardsvej 15, Po Box 119, 

Hoersholm Denmark, Contact Person: Christophersen, Erik 

Consultancy and Research Unit for the Built Environment, Dublin Institute of Technology Bolton Street Dublin, Ireland Contact: 

Walker, Gerald 

Dipartimento di Processi e Metodi della Produzione Edilizia Organisation: Università degli Studi di Firenze via S. Niccolo 89/A, 

50125 Firenze Italy, Contact Del Nord, Romano 

Time Research Institute - The Centre For The Built & Human Environment, University of Salford The Bridgewater Building M5 4wt 

Salford, Manchester, Uk, Contact Person: Miley, John 

Centre for Sustainable Construction, Building Research Establishment Ltd Bucknalls Lane, Wd2 7jr Watford – Garston United 

Kingdom, Contact Person: Warriner, David 

Departamento de Ingeniería de la Construcción, Universitat Politécnica De Catalunya, S/N C/ Jordi Girona 1/3 Etseccpb Edificio C1, 

Barcelona, Spain, Contact: Pages, Jaume 

Construction and Facility Management Building Technology, Organisation: Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kivimiehentie 4 

Po Box 1801, Espoo, Finland Contact Person: Leppaevuori, Erkki 

Technische Universitaet Wien Getreidemarkt 9 Wien, Austria, Contact Person: Knoflacher, Hermann 

W/E Consultants Sustainable Building Crabethstraat 38 J, 2800 As Gouda, Netherlands Contact Person: Boonstra, Jan Michiel 

Energy and Environment Section, The Building Services Research and Information Association Old Bracknell Lane West Rg12 7ah 

Bracknell, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Brown, Reginald 

Laboratory of Building Construction and Physics Department of Civil Engineering - School of Technology Aristotle University of 

Thessaloniki University Campus, 54006 Thessalonki, Greece Contact Person: Guiba-Tziampiri, Olympia 

Department of Strategic Studies, Quality Assurance and Building Regulations TNO Building and Construction Research 

Organisation: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, 2600AA Delft, Netherlands Contact: Gouwens, Cornelis 

Spatial Planning, National Research & Development Institute for Urban and Spatial Planning, N. Filipescu Street 53-55 70136 

Bucharest Romania Contact Person: Popescu, Traian 

Rtd Department, Norges Byggforskningsinstitut, Forskningsveien 3b Blindern Oslo, Norway Contact Person: Brunsell, Joern T. 

Department Of Building Design School Of Architecture: Chalmers University Of Technology Ab, Sven Hultins Gata 2, 41296 

Goeteborg, Sweden, Contact Person: Stennud, Kurt 

Resource Management And Urban Planning Austrian Institute For Applied Ecology Seidengasse 13; Wien: Austria: Contact Person: 

Wenisch, Antonia


Centrum Duurzaam Bouwen Vzw Koolmijnlaan 3550, Heusden, and Zolder, Belgium Contact Person: Henderieckx, Frans 

Plc for Quality Control and Innovation in Building, Diószegi Út. 37, Budapest, Hungary Contact Person: Gereben, Zoltan 

La Calade, Le Clos Village, Avenue De Pierrefeu, Valbonne, France, and Contact: Outrequin, Philippe 

Plc for Quality Control and Innovation in Building, Diószegi Út. 37, Budapest, Hungary Contact Person: Gereben, Zoltan 

La Calade, Le Clos Village, Avenue De Pierrefeu, Valbonne, France, Contact: Outrequin, Philippe


CURE Centre for Urban Construction and Rehabilitation: Technology Transfer, Research 

and Education 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2002-80005 Start Date: 01.02.2003 

Contract Type: Accompanying Measure (NAS-2) End Date: 31.01.2006 



• High costs of constructing 

• High consumption of water and energy during construction work and use of urban structures 

• Unsatisfactory safety and comfort conditions of urban structures 

• Low effectiveness of urban land use 

• Big number of accidents on construction sites and road accidents 

• Deterioration of the existing building stock, especially historical buildings 

• Gap between science and implemented innovation 

The problems mentioned above have been in the area of the Centre’s interests for many years. 


• Improvement of skills and qualification of engineers and researchers in the field of urban 

construction and rehabilitation 

• Building the capacity of the Centre to be internationally recognized as the centre of excellence in 

the field of urban construction and rehabilitation. 

• Enhance the Centre’s participation in the European Programmes, especially in the coming 6th 

Framework Program of EU 

The objectives will be reached by conducting International PhD studies, Postgraduates studies, Summer 

courses and EUROCODES courses. Dissemination of the research results will be done through 

organization of international conferences and thematic workshops. The participation of the leading 

experts from EU in these activities will enhance the state-of-the-art. 


The research results, due to close cooperation with industry, will be transformed into innovations and 

applied as: 

• Improved methods of design and manufacturing 

• New material technologies 

• Safe road transport system 

• Methods of sustainable urban renewal 

• Methods of preservation of cultural heritage 

Application of all mentioned above achievements contributes to improving the quality of life of people 

living in newly designed structures as well as in old buildings. 

Coordinator 

Prof. Czesław Szymczak 

Centre for Urban Construction and Rehabilitation 

Faculty of Civil Engineering 

Gdańsk University of Technology 

Ul. Narutowicza 11/12 

80-952 Gdańsk, Poland 

Tel./fax: (48 58) 347 22 00 

E-mail: cure@pg.gda.pl


HQE2R (Sustainable renovation of buildings for sustainable neighbourhoods) 


Contract Type: Combined research and End Date: 31-12-2003 

demonstration project Duration: 30 months 

Project URL: http://hqe2r.cstb.fr 


Many European cities have to deal with neighbourhoods, both in the old city centres and in newer 

suburban areas, which have a range of serious development problems. At the same time existing 

methodologies and tools for planning and development are mostly designed for the level of the city or the 

single building. Decision aid tools are needed to help cities (all the departments or technical services as 

well as elected people) and their local partners (residents, visitors/users, public administrations, social 

housing owners, industrials, local business) to manage their neighbourhoods in the direction of 

sustainable development. Very generally, this means bringing together environmental, social and cultural 

and economic concerns. The neighbourhood is relevant because it represents an effective scale of 

intervention for dealing with many environmental and social problems and for developing a participative 

approach. In addition, it is the scale at which the majority of people experience the city on a day-to-day 

basis, and one that can benefit from renewal in the face of current urban trends. 

As represented by the HQE²R-logo the project primarily focuses on the two scales of buildings and 

neighbourhoods, but also takes into account the larger levels of the city or conurbation and even the 

global. HQE²R strives to integrate existing LA21 processes, but is not restricted to municipalities involved 

in a Local Agenda 21. 

The project has to address a range of different problems: 

A/ with the actors: 

• to provide methodologies and tools for a cross-cutting approach to municipality services and to 

analyse and disseminate experience, 

• to develop new cross-cutting and multidisciplinary tools or models covering the main topics of 

sustainable development, 

• to reinforce local governance: representative democracy is in crisis and participation procedures are 

often unclear, poorly understood, in many cases under-financed and in some cases unwelcome. 

B/ Concerning the concept of Sustainable Development: 

• Some EU Member States have been slow to recognise sustainable development as an urban 

concept: new competencies and new actors have to be included in urban planning; part of the 

problem is that laws and regulations are very recent and require new tools and new actors. In some 

contexts there is not yet any jurisprudence. 

• In detail the guiding principles of sustainable development have to be specified for the neighbourhood 

level. 

C/ with practice: 

• communicate European best practice examples 

• support is needed to handle contradictions between the three fields (economy, social, environment). 


This project, which combines research and demonstration aspects, aims to provide a new methodological 

framework for regeneration that will improve the quality of life for residents and users. Decision aid tools 

will be developed at both levels: buildings and neighbourhoods. The methodology and the new tools 

(indicators, models) will be tested on 14 cities in seven Member States (Denmark, France, Germany, 

Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom).


All city managers and stakeholders involved will have better information (through indicators and the 

technique – economic and environmental models) concerning every aspect of sustainable development: 

economic, social, environmental and the needs of inhabitants or users – including interactions between 

the various impacts – and gain assistance in choosing actions which will best meet their main (SD) 

objectives. So all European municipalities and cities will be able to work towards a sustainable 

development, improving the quality of life for all the users and residents. 


The main result will be the development of a new methodological framework (HQE 2 R) - with newly 

adapted tools focussing on buildings and neighbourhoods - which: 

• is a strong decision support tool for municipalities and their local partners and which will direct them 

towards sustainable reconstruction of their cities and improved quality of life; using the indicators, 

they will be able to diagnose and improve their understanding of their neighbourhoods, the black 

spots, and the needs of inhabitants and users, with the technique – economic models, they will 

improve their understanding of what to do. For example in the case-study-neighbourhood of Angers 

social housing has many difficulties and vacancies. Here the models should help the municipality to 

choose between demolition and renovation for some buildings; 

• is multidisciplinary, integrating environmental, economic & social factors and including all the actors 

especially with respect to the participation of users and inhabitants (governance); 

• is multilevel, considering buildings and neighbourhoods but also the position of the neighbourhood 

within the city and the conurbation as a whole. It also considers - at least as mental background - 

possible effects up to the global level; 

• provides for assessment by indicators adapted for sustainable development (at the specific scale of 

the neighbourhood); 

• is a methodological framework generally applicable in Europe. 

The main issues will be: 

• Improvement of the quality of buildings, notably in respect of the quantitative and qualitative aims of 

the users and inhabitants; 

• improvements in comfort; 

• conservation of resources and reduction of environmental impacts; 

• Improvement of the quality of life through a better use of space, at the levels of the neighbourhood 

and of the conurbation; 

• Controlling the cost of mobility, based on functional neighbourhoods with accessible public services, 

shopping and private services. 

The main impacts expected are: 

• a better quality of life for most of the inhabitants; 

• a reduction of the use of resources and impacts on the environment; 

• a reduction of global costs (including externalities); 

• a better governance and an improved urban democracy; 

• an improvement of the decisions from elected people. 

Results of the first year: 

• Documentation and analysis of existing methods and tools; 

• Definition of general sustainable development targets as a baseline for local specification; 

• Definition of basic elements of the built environment of the neighbourhood considered as a microurban 

territory; 

• Development of an “Analytical Grid” as a guiding framework for assessment (inventory, diagnosis and 

evaluation) of neighbourhoods by crossing SD-targets and neighbourhood-elements; 

• Development of a scheme of “indisputable indicators” to support the assessment process; 

• Drafting of three evaluation models for testing in the case-study-neighbourhoods.


Coordinator 

Valdieu, Charlot Tel: +33493956708 

Centre Scientifique et Technique Fax: +33493956733 

du Batiment E-mail: charlot_valdieu@cstb.fr 

CSTB Sophia Antipolis Establishment 

Département Economie et Sciences Humaines 

PO Box 209 

Route Des Lucioles 

F 06 904 Sophia Antipolis Cedex 

FRANCE 

Participants 

La Calade (France), 363 Avenue de Pierrefeu, 06560 Valbonne, Contact Person: PHILIPPE. OUTREQUIN, CELINE MULLIER 

Cenergia (Denmark), 2750 Ballerup, Contact Person: OVE MORCK 

University of the West of England (Uk), Contact Person: MARTIN SYMES, CELIA ROBBINS 

Ambit (Nl) Arnhem, Contact Person: JAN L ZIECK, R. BERNADINA 

Icie (Italy), Bologna, Contact Person: ANTONELLA GROSSI, SANDRA MATTAROZZI 

Quasco (I), Via Corridoni 56 46100 – Mantova, Contact Person: FRANCESCO CAPRINI, DANIELA GABUTTI 

Caatb (Spain), Barcelona, Contact Person: XAVIER CASANOVAS 

Itec (Spain), Barcelona, Contact Person: NOEMI GRANADO, ALBERTO SAGRERA 

IOER (Germany), Weberplatz 1 D-01217 Dresden, Contact Person: ANDREAS BLUM, HOLGER MARTIN, 

HQE2R demonstration participants 

Angers (F), BP 3527, 49035 ANGERS CEDEX 1, Contact person: MRS MOREAU, Adjoint Maire Angers 

Anzin (F), Place Roger Salengro, ANZIN, Contact Person: FRANCOIS DEPOND, Chef De Cabinet Anzin, MRS MOREAU, Adjoint Maire 

Angers 

Cannes (F), Hotel de Ville, BP 140, 06406 Cannes, Contact Person: Mrs. COTTER, Adjoint Maire De Cannes, JEAN-LOUIS CIER, 

Adjoint Maire De Cannes 

Echirolles (F), BP 248, Place de La Libération F 38433 Echirolles Cedex, Contact Person: MONIQUE PRINCE-CLAVEL, Adjoint 

Maire Echirolles, VALERIE VACCHIANI, Ville Echirolles 

Frederiksberg Kommune (DK), Raadhuset, Smallegade 1, 2000 Frederiksberg, Contact Person: DORTHE SVENDSEN 

Bristol Regeneration Partnership (UK), Bristol, Community at Heart –Bristol, Contact Person: DAVID MOWAT 

Geemente Vlissingen (NL); Municipality of Vlissingen, Raadhuisplein 2, NL 4382 LG; Vlissingen, Contact Person: J. SCHROEVERS 

Mantova (I); Comune di Mantova, U. Roma, 39 46100 Mantova, Contact Person: D. ONEDA 

Melegnano (Italy); 

Cinisello Balsamo (I); Cinisello Balsamo, P. ZA Confalonieri, 4, Contact Person: LUCIA PALENA, GIUSEPPE FARACI 

Promocio Ciutat Vella SA, Barcelona (Spain); Forum S.A. Barcelona, Pl. Immaculada 3 Bxs, Contact Person: J. ARMENGOL 

Patronat Municipal de l’Habitage (SP); P. Mumcipal Habi. Barcelona, Dr. Aiguder 26 BEN, Contact Person: XAVIER LOPEZ 

Ajuntament di Manresa (SP); 

Dresden (Germany), Stadtplanungsamt. Hamburger Strasse 19 D; 01067 DRESDEN, Contact person: Kathrin Kircher


IRMA (Integrated decontamination and rehabilitation of buildings, structures and 

materials in urban renewal) 


Contract Type: Research End Date: 



Most buildings and structures contain substances of significance to the environment and the human 

health. Some buildings have been constructed from materials containing substances considered harmful 

today, e.g. asbestos, PCB, heavy metals, certain paints etc. 

In the context of urban renewal the major problems are: 

• that very little practical applicable knowledge on the decontamination of buildings and materials is 

available; 

• that there are no accepted technologies or guidelines for the decontamination of polluted buildings 

and materials; 

• that there are no standards for the classification of decontaminated buildings and materials as 

“clean”; 

• that the means of classification of polluted soil cannot be applied to recycled materials; 

• that a considerable amount of vandalism (graffiti) results in the need for decontamination; 

• that the health and safety of personnel carrying out work on contaminated buildings is insufficiently 

regulated. 


Some of the most important challenges of urban development are the rehabilitation of old buildings, 

minimisation of waste and the recycling of materials. The scientific objectives consist of a sequence of 

measures to identify and manage contaminated structures and buildings. 

The main objective is to develop and implement a general “City Concept” comprising a tool box of 

improved technologies and processes, together with decision-making and management tools, for 

sustainable urban renewal, focusing on contaminated buildings, in order to the environment from 

hazardous compounds and save reusable buildings and materials. 

This includes: 

• Minimisation of risk to occupants of buildings 

• Health and safety of construction and demolition workers 

• Reduction of waste 

• Preservation of buildings and resources 


All developments, findings and recommendation achieved through the project will be collected and 

condensed into a “Code of Good Practice for Works on Contaminated Buildings”. The initial results could 

be introduced into the construction practise on a short–term basis (after 1 year), and in the medium-term 

(after 2-3 years) the complete Code i.e. “City Concept” would be available for application. The “City 

Concept” will contains guidelines and recommendations for the integrated management of 

decontamination of large groups of buildings in cities, and re-use of buildings, structures and materials.


Coordinator 

Christina Egebart Tel: +4538320835 

DEMEX Consulting Engineers A/S Fax: +453833 1317 

Hejrevej 26, 3. sal E-mail: ce@demex.dk 

2400 København NV 

Denmark 

Participants 

Dansk Beton Teknik A/S, Helleruplund Allé 21, 2800 Hellerup, Denmark, Contact Person: Anders Henrichsen 

Intron B.V., Dr. Nolenslaan 126 Postbus 5187, 6130 Pd Sittard, The Netherlands, Contact Person: Rico Van Selst 

Tor Ole Olsen, Dicks Vei 10, Po Box 125, 1325 Lysaker, Norway, Contact Person: Dr. Techn. Olav OlsenAnna Charlotte Kjepso Or 

Demoliciones Tecnicas S.A., Crta. De Valencia Km 14, 28051 Madrid, Spain , Contact Person: Francisco Cobo 

Belgian Building Research Institute, 1060 Brussel , Belgium, Contact Person: Jan Desmyter 

Brandis A/S, Risbyvej 26, 2765 Smørum, Denmark, Contact Person: Lars Bertel Soerensen, Jan Brandis 

Enviro Challenge, Wouterbos 9, 3680 Opoeteren-Maaseik, Belgium, Contact Person: Gabriella Janssen 

Contento Trade Srl, Via Zorutti 84, 33030 Campoformido (Udine), Italy, Contact Person: Cioffo Flavio 

Ridzene Ltd., Kaleju Str. 52-2, 1050 Riga, Latvia, Contact Person: Aija Breiksa, Roberts Binde 

SBS Byfornyelse s.m.b.a. Fredens Torv 10-12, 8000 Aahus C, Denmark, Contact person: Christel Ebsen or Elsebeth Terkelsen 

Meldgaard A/S, Askelund 10, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark, Contact person: Klaus Meldgaard 

Hochschule Bremen, Institute for Building Materials, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany, Contact person: Jörg Kropp 

Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Enginnering and geosciences; Stevinweg 1, 2600 Delft, The Netherlands, Contact 

person: Charles Hendriks 

Federal State of Bremen, GBI – Department of Finances, Martinistrasse 1, 28195 Bremen, Germany; Contact person: 

Institut Bruxellois pour la gestion de l’Environnement, Waste Department, Gulledelle 100, 1200 Brussels; Belgium, Contact person: 

Barbara Dewulf 

LIMASUL, Avenida Dr. Manuel de Arriaga 26 20, 2900-473, Sebutal, Portugal, Contact person: Fernando Eduardo Marques 

Antunes 

Public Works Rotterdam Bas Oosterom, Public Works Rotterdam, PO Box 6633, Galvanistraat 15, 3029 AD Rotterdam, The 

Netherlands


PRESCO (European thematic network on practical recommendations for sustainaible 

construction) 


Contract Type: Thematic network contracts End Date: 31-05-2004 

Project URL: http://www.jbase208.eunet.be Duration: 40 months 


The PRESCO-network has as a main objective to define a European Code of Practice for Sustainable 

Building. The Code should contain widely accepted and scientifically supported guidance for the 

construction of sustainable buildings for residential, commercial and industrial use. Not only 

environmentally friendly construction technologies, but also social inclusion of elderly and disabled are 

considered through the study of adaptable housing and building. 

Furthermore, the network covers all phases of the life cycle of a building, going from inception and 

feasibility study through design and construction to use and refurbishment, and finally to 

decommissioning, dismantling and disposal. The Code should enable all construction industry 

stakeholders to incorporate in the short-to-medium term the sustainability idea in their projects. 

Since in the long run, environmental design tools based upon the life cycle assessment methodology will 

be used in the design process of buildings and constructions in order to get more sustainable buildings, 

the network aims also to play a key role in this evolution. The network offers tool developers 

opportunities to compare, to benchmark and to improve their systems, which in most cases have been 

developed for national use. Results are to be compared and discussed in order to define a common 

baseline offering a harmonised approach for assessment and design methodologies. 

The effect of the application of the Code of Practice on the final result of the different assessment tools 

will be verified in order to have a performance test of the assessment tools. This last step will enable at 

the same time a first review of the Code of Practice. 


During the second year of the project, the project has progressed well in all fields. One of the most 

important focus areas was the work on the European Code of Practice for Sustainable Building. After the 

collection of more then 200 recommendations for sustainable construction, the network started 

discussions to improve the quality of the collected set of recommendations. By means of network 

meetings, task group meetings and local network meetings, suggestions were made to change the 

content of the recommendations and the structure of the database in which they are collected. A 

complete review of the database system and the recommendations was performed before the PRESCO- 

CRISP workshop. 

The organisation of this workshop, which took place in Ostend (BE) on the 24th-25th of June 2002, has 

been the other important task in the second PRESCO working year. The aim of the workshop was to 

receive input from discussions between external participants and network members on the draft version 

of the Code of Practice. During a series of parallel sessions, participants were asked to comment on 

specific themes related to sustainable construction. 

The third and fourth issue of the PRESCO newsletter have been published during the second year. The 

third issue gave information about national legislation on aspects related to sustainable construction and 

contained an article on the progress of work within the project. The latest issue reported on the 

PRESCO-CRISP Workshop of June 2002. All issues of the newsletter also contain a news section, which 

gives information about European developments in the field of sustainable construction and interesting 

events on topics related to sustainable construction.



“Given the pace of growth, the prevailing pattern of urbanisation has serious negative implications for 

global sustainability. In this regard, the relative neglect of cities - particular rich cities - is difficult to 

reconcile with physical reality. Approximately 64% of the worlds’ production/consumption and pollution is 

associated with cities in rich countries. In short, half the people and three-quarters of the worlds’ 

environmental problems reside in cities; and rich cities, mainly in the developed North, impose by far the 

greater load on the ecosphere and global commons. Some of the most common problems are: Ozone 

concentrations during the summer, high environmental noise levels, increased water consumption, 

increasing land use to provide the populations of large cities and to absorb the emissions and wastes 

they produce, energy consumption and CO2-emissions,…” 

The PRESCO network will significantly contribute to the solution or reduction of these problems, by 

offering practical recommendations for sustainable building and construction and by enhancing the 

development of environmental assessment and design tools. Major savings on energy and CO2emissions 

will be stimulated by measures in which energy-oriented design for construction and renovation 

together with new building services technologies and combined heat and power generation play a 

significant role. 

Important points of interest in sustainable building concern the indoor climate, the adaptable buildings and 

the inclusion of elderly and disabled. Urban people live in the built environment, but spend 90% of their 

lives indoor. The quality of the living and working indoor environment is especially important for health, 

comfort, productivity, safety and security. In 20 years, a quarter of the population will be more than 60 

years old. Their special requirements for comfortable and autonomous living must be properly observed, 

by stimulating adaptable and adapted buildings. 

At the mid-term of the project, the network has already made a lot of progress. The network has 

developed already a good draft of the Code of Practice, which ensures that the final document will be of 

very high quality. PRESCO has also taken up an important role in the dissemination of information on 

sustainable construction, with the publication of the PRESCO newsletters and the elaboration of a 

PRESCO website (http://go.to/presco.net). Finally, preparatory actions have been taken with regard 

to the second part of the PRESCO work package “Inter-Comparison and Benchmarking of LCA-based 

Environmental Assessment and Design Tools”. Several demonstration projects have been visited during 

the first two years and a kick-off discussion session was organised during the PRESCO-CRISP 

Workshop. 

Coordinator 

Jan Desmyter Tel: +3226557711 

Belgian Building Research Institute (BBRI) Fax: +3226530729 

Boulevard Poincaré 79 E-mail: jan.desmyter@bbri.be 

1060 Bruxelles 

Belgium 

Participants 

Building Research Establishment (BRE), Garston, WD2 7JR Wattford, United Kingdom, Contact person: Jane Anderson 

W/E Consultants Sustainable Building, PO Box 733, Crabethstraat 38j, 2800 AS Gouda, The Netherlands, Contact person: David 

Anink 

Randa Group, C/Cardenal Vives y Tutó, 41 Entlo. 12, 08034 Barcelona, Spain Contact person: Pere Fullana 

The Building Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA), Old Bracknell Lane West, RG12 7AH Brackneel, United 

Kingdom, Contact person: Reginald Brown 

Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), 24, rue Joseph Fourier 38400 Saint-Martin-d'Heres, France, Contact person: 

Jean-Luc Chevalier 

PIODE, Kroostweg 44, 3704 EE Zeist, The Netherlands, Contact person: Freek Den Dulk 

DEMEX Consulting Engineers, Hejrevej 26, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark, Contact person: Christina Egebart


Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua dos Bragas 4050-123 Porto, Portugal, Contact person: Eduardo 

Oliviera Fernandes 

Municipal Enterprise for Urban Studies, Innovation and Development (DEMEKAV), 81, Mikrasiation Street, 38333 Volos, Greece, 

Contact person: Georgios Gangas 

GTM construction, 61 Avenue Jules Quentin, 92000 Nanterre, France, Contact person: Christophe Gobin 

Association of Flemish Provinces (VVP), Albertinaplein 2, 1000 Brussel Belgium, Contact person: Peter Gorlé 

VTT Building Technology, PO Box 1805, Kemistintie 3, 2044 VTT Espoo, Finland, Contact person: Tarja Häkkinen 

BDA, PO Box 389, Avelingen West 33, 4200 AJ Gorinchem, The Netherlands, Contact person: Nico Hendriks 

The Imperial College of Science Technology and Medecine, Dept. Of Biology, Exhibition Road, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom, 

Contact person: William Hillier 

Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), EMPA Dübendorf, Abteilung Holz, Gruppe Ökologie, 

Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland, Contact person: Daniel Kellenberger 

Bauphysik-Büro Prof. Kornadt, Martin-Luther Straβe 23, 55131 Mainz, Germany, Contact person: Oliver Kornadt 

Ministry of the Interior Public Administration and Decentralisation (MIPAD), 15, Vassilissis Sophias Avenue, 10674 Athens, Greece, 

Contact person: Stella Kyvelou 

University College Dublin - Energy Research Group, Richview, Clongskeagh Dublin 14, Ireland, Contact person: J. Owen Lewis 

Federation of the Belgian Cement Industry (FEBELCEM), Voltastraat 8, 1050 Brussel, Belgium, Contact person: Noël Naert 

SINTEF Group - Civil and Environmental Engineering (SINTEF); Alfred Getzr. 3, 7465 Trondheim, Norway, Contact person: Arne 

Nesje 

National and Kadopistrian University of Athens, Building Physics V –Panepistimioupolis, 15784 Athens, Greece, Contact person: 

Afroditi Synnefa 

Association pour la Recherche et le Développement des Méthodes et Processus Industriels (Armines), Boulevard Saint-Michel, 60, 

75272 Paris, France, Contact person: Bruno Peuportier 

Ecole des Mines de Paris (ENSMP), Boulevard Saint-Michel, 60, 75272 Paris, France, Contact person: Bruno Peuportier 

Presidenza Regione Siciliana, Ufficio di Roma, Via Marghera 36, 00185 Roma, Italy, Contact person: Flora Salvi 

Handikappombudsmannen, Box 49132, 029 Stockholm, Sweden, Contact person: Elisabet Svensson 

Università di Palermo – Dipartimento Ingegneria Elettrica, Dipartimento di Ingeneria Elettrica, Viale Delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, 

Italy, Contact person: Marco Trapanese 

Stichting Bouwresearch (SBR) Kruisplein 25q, PO 1819, 3000 BV Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Contact person: Peter Van Oppen 

Flemish Housing Society (VHM) Koloniënstraat 40, 1000 Brussel, Contact person: Bernard Wallyn 

Österreichisches Institut für Baubiologie und -ökologie (IBO) Alserbachstrasse 5/8, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Contact person: Tobias 

Waltjen


RISK-UE (An advanced approach to earthquake risk scenarios with applications to 

different European towns) 



Project URL: http://www.risk-ue.net Duration: 38 months 


Decision makers in earthquake-prone cities need concrete figures of the possible impact of seismic event. 

RISK-UE will develop a general and modular methodology for creating earthquake-risk scenarios that 

concentrates on the distinctive features of European towns, including both current and historical buildings. 

It will be based on seismic-hazard assessment, a systematic inventory and typology of the elements at 

risk and an analysis of their relative value and vulnerability, in order to identify the weak points of urban 

systems. The resulting scenarios will give concrete figures of direct and indirect damage of possible 

earthquakes. With the participation of urban council representatives, the methodology will then be applied 

to seven selected cities from the EU and Eastern Europe for its adaptation and validation. A European 

cities network for seismic-risk reduction will be created during a final symposium. 



Coordinator 

Pierre Mouroux Tel: +33491177474 

Bureau de Recherches Geologiques Fax: +33491177475 

et Minieres (BRGM) E-mail : p.mouroux@brgm.fr 

Amenagement et Risques Naturels 

Avenue Claude Guillemin 3 

45060 Orleans 

France 

Participants 

Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale, Politecnico of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy Contact Person: De 

Maio, Adriano, Prof 

Laboratory of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Department of Civil Engineering – School of Technology Organisation: 

Aristoteleio Panepistimio Thessalonikis, University Campus Po Box 450, 54006 Thessaloniki Greece, Contact Person: Guiba 

Tziampiri, Olympia (Professor) 

Centre Internacional de Metodos Numerics en Ingenyeria S/N Gran Capitan S/N, Campus Norte Upc, Edificio C1 08034 Barcelona, 

Spain Contact Person: Onate, Eugenio Prof 

Department of Civil Engineering Organisation: Technical University of Civil Engineering 124 Lacul Tei Boulevard, Buc 38 72302 

Bucharest Romania Contact Person: Patrut, Petre (Professor) 

Section on Risk and Disaster Management Institut of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology Organisation: University 

'St. Cyril and Methodius' Salvador Aljende Str. 73 91000 Skopje Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Contact Person: 

Talaganov, Kosta (Professor) 

Direccio de Serveis de Proteccio Civil Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, 08071 Barcelona Spain, Contact Person: Amieiro, Carlos (Mr) 

Direction of Seismic Risk Reduction Organisation: Ministry of Public Works and Land Planning Apolodor Nr. 17 70661 Bucharest 

Romania Contact: Tomoiala, Gheorghe (Mr) 

Investment and Supervision Department Organisation: Municipality of Sofia Moskovska Street N°33 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria Contact: 

Gechev, Ivan (Engineer)


Direction de L'environnement, Mairie De Nice, 2, Rue Saint Francois De Paule, 06364 Nice, France Contact: Lafaurie, Marc 

Museum and Gallery, Institute for Protection of Cultural Heritage and Natural Rarities Kliment Ohridski, Bb, 7000 Bitola Macedonia, 

The Former Yugoslav Republic, Contact person: Jolevski, Ivan 

Risk Engineering Ltd, 34, Totleben Boul.1606 Sofia, Bulgaria Contact: Bojadjiev, Anton (Dr) 

Office of The Principal City Architect, Municipality Of Bitola, Kiril I Metodij, 6, 7000 Bitola, Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav 

Republic, Contact Person: Tomski, Zlatko 

Centro Storico, Publica Incolumita e Sicurezza Sismica Direzione Gestione del Territorio Comune di Catania, Via G. Verdi, 31, 

95100 Catania, Italy, Contact Person: Scapagnini, Umberto (Professor) 

Seismic Mechanics Central Laboratory for Seismic Mechanics and Earthquake Engineering – Bulgarian Academy of Science 

Academy G. Bonchev Block 3, 1113 Sofia Bulgaria, Contact Person: Tzenov, Ludmil (Professor) 

Unitat de Geologia Institut Cartografic de Catalunya, Parc de Montjuic, 08038 Barcelona, Spain, Contact: Miranda, Jaume 

(Engineer) 

Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering: Universita degli Studi di Genova, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genova, Italy 

Contact: Solari, Giovanni (Professor) 

Geologie Tectonique Environnement et Risques 3 Rue Jean Monnet 3, 34830 Clapiers France, Contact: Grellet, Bertrand (Dr) 

Organization for the Master Plan and Environmental Protection of Thessaloniki, 105, Vas. Olgas Str., 546 43 Thessaloniki, Greece, 

Contact: Katsambalos, Konstantinos (Professor)


RUFUS (Re-use of Foundations for Urban Sites) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2002-00099 Start Date: 01/04/03 

Contract Type: Research End Date: 31/03/06 



The redevelopment and reconstruction of urban areas is fundamental to the economic sustainability of 

cities, their environs and the European Community. Buildings in major European financial cities have a 

working life of about 25 years and in regional centres about 40 years. Underground development of 

services and infrastructure in urban centres already confines the location of building foundations. Over 

several generations of buildings the ground will become congested to the point where no space is left for 

the new foundations so stifling new development and inhibiting economic sustainability. It is essential 

therefore that redevelopment uses as much as possible of the existing buildings to reduce the 

environmental impact of the reconstruction. 

Scientific Objectives and approach 

This project aims to provide ways to overcome the barriers, both technical and non-technical, to the reuse 

of foundations for sustainable development. The barriers to the re-use of foundations are that the 

extent, location and integrity of the remaining foundations may not be known with confidence because the 

owners of the present generation of city buildings do not generally possess a good record of their 

foundations. The load capacity of the foundations will generally not be known with confidence as little is 

known about foundation performance changes with time. There will be questions about the durability of 

the materials in the existing foundations because they are difficult to assess. 

Non technical issues include the insurance of buildings with re-used foundations, professional indemnity 

insurance for construction professionals and legal aspects. 

This project will provide 5 innovative developments for safe, economic, sustainable preservation, 

renovation and construction in inner cities. The guidance will be a 'Best practice handbook' on the re-use 

of foundations to include guidance on the remediation/upgrading of existing foundations, guidance on the 

measurement and analysis for testing of existing foundations beneath buildings to assess durability, 

integrity and geometrical shape and foundation loading performance, guidance on 'smart' foundations for 

new foundations and an 'as built' documentation system to future proof new foundations. 


This project will provide the European Community with guidance, based on sound technical research, to 

re-use foundations, so speeding up the redevelopment of urban sites while at the same time significantly 

reducing the resource consumption and creating sustainable redevelopment. The guidance will enable 

the construction industry across Europe to make a significant contribution to the sustainable development 

of urban centres. 

By re-using the foundations, the use of raw materials is reduced, the energy consumption for construction 

is reduced, the volume of soil from foundation construction is virtually eliminated and the construction 

time significantly reduced with consequent reduction in the whole life costing of a building. 

Similarly if a building can be redeveloped for a change-of-use, without the need for additional or upgraded 

foundations, the savings in energy, raw materials and disposal of spoil can be substantial.


Coordinator 

A.P.Butcher Tel: +441923664831 

Building Research Establishment Ltd (GB) Fax: +441923664085 

Garston Watford Email: butchert@bre.co.uk 

Herts, 

WD25 9XX 


Participants 

Ove Arup and Partners Ltd (GB), 13 Fitzroy Street, London, W1P 6BQ, UK Contact person: T.Chapman 

Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung (D), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany, Contact person: E. 

Niederleithinger 

Cementation Foundations Skanska (GB), Maple Cross House, Denham Way; Maple Cross, Rickmansworth, WD3 9AS, UK, Contact 

person: R. Fernie 

Stamatopolus and Associates (EL), 5 Isavron Str., GR-114 71 Athens, Greece, Contact person: A. C., Stamatopoulos 

Swedish Geotechnical Institute (S), Olaus Magnus vag 35, S-581 93 Linkoping, Sweden, Contact person: G Holm 

Soletanche-Bachy France (F), Technique Development Innovation, Rue de Watford 6, PO Box 51, 92000 Paris, France, J-P. 

Hamelin 

Technische Universität Darmstadt (D), Institute für Geotechnik, Petersenstrasse 13, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany, Contact person: 

Pr R. Katzenbach


SAFEFLOOR (Low risk and totally recyclable structural buildings) 





• A high percentage of victims and people injured during and after earthquake disaster is due to the 

heavy structural elements necessary to be removed during the rescue operations. To cut down 

response time by 15% will reduce the injured during earthquake. If we do not provide a lighter and 

easy disassembling design the victims due to the traditional dead load of the building will be 

maintained. 

• A great number of accidents which occur in the Construction Sector (the most important industrial 

activity in urban areas) derive from the need to transport heavy loads in site areas. To cut down loads 

in site area by 70% during structural works will reduce the current figures of victims in construction 

accidents. 

• Lack of rationality within the construction process. The final product of this project will permit a major 

rationality in the construction of building and a reduction of the construction period. Consequently the 

high environmental impact in urban areas due to the construction activity will be also reduced. 

10% of noise disturbs produced in the site. 

20% dust contamination. 

20% of traffic disturbs. 

25% of labour accident risk 

15% of works period. 


• Through the use of composite materials and high strength concrete, integrating the finish pavements 

we aim to develop a totally new and technologically advanced light structural element. During the 

project we will pursue the following objectives: 

• To develop a construction procedure that allows the structure to be quickly assembled and 

disassembled by stages. 

• To reduce the building square meter cost, in terms of foundations, structure and indoor pavements. 

• To integrate the finished pavement into the structural floor member. 

• To optimise the materials to lower the structural floor dead load down to 80 Kg/m2 (a reduction of the 

70% regarding the actual products) 

• To optimise the combination of high strength concrete and composite materials (carbon fibre and 

Aramida), using prestressing techniques) 

• To develop a calibrated software programme to help designers calculate the building structure. 


In the consortium the construction partner is interesting to solve these problems in order to improve the 

productivity, the quality, the safety and security in sites, as well as the environmental impact of the 

construction activity. 

The composite materials industry is interesting to solve some problems linked to the application of these 

materials in the construction sector and regarding the design, the calculation and the construction 

process. 

The universities and research institutes involved in this project want to look deeply into the durability, 

recycling and seismic behaviour of composite structures.


The rescue organisations are interested in developing new structural system more suitable to facilitate the 

rescue operation. 

If the consortium can resolve these problems we will provide to the society a low risk structural element, 

we will improve the productivity of the construction industry, and the European composite material 

technology will surpass the levels already existed in EEUU or Japan. 

As a result of the weight of the construction materials being reduced, the plant and equipment used 

during said construction shall be lighter and quieter. Because the items to be moved shall be lighter, 

construction rates shall be higher and construction periods shall be cut down. The impact upon the urban 

environment "The City of Tomorrow" can be summarised as follows: 

Expected impacts: 

• A 10% reduction in the level of noise caused by the construction of buildings in the towns. 

• A 20% reduction in truck traffic (for material transportation purposes), with respect to current traffic. 

• As a result of the overall weight of the building being reduced and consequently the loads transmitted 

to the ground being lighter, it shall be possible to build on grounds currently considered unsuitable 

and located in the outskirts of towns. A more rational utilisation of the ground available in the big cities 

Coordinator 

Juan Manuel Mieres Tel: +34916633160 

Necso Entrecanales Cubiertas– R&D Dept. Fax: +34916632837 

Avda Europa 18 Alcobendas E-mail: jmieres@necso.es 

28108 Madrid Spain 

Participants 

The Advanced Composite Group – ACG, R&D Dept, Delves Road, Heanor Gate Industrial Estate, Heanor, Derbys DE75 7SJ, 

United Kingdom, Contact person: Ebby G. Shahidi, 

JRC European Comission, Ispra, Italy, Contact person: Eugenio Gutiérrez 

University of Zaragoza, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, María de Luna 3, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain, Contact person: Antonio 

Miravete 

University of Patras, Dept. of Civil Eng. Structures Division, GR-26500 Patras, Greece, Contact person: Thanasis Triantafillou 

Civil Engineering Institute ZRMK, Dimiceva 12 p.p. 2554. 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Contact person: Roko Zarnic 

Aachen Technical University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Strasse 1,DE-52056 Aachen, Germany, Contact person: Konstantin Meskouris 

Servicio Extinción de Incendios y Salvamentos de Ayto. de Huelva, Avda. Pío XII, nº 28, 21006 – Huelva, Spain, Contact person: 

Emilio Camacho Benito


SHE (Sustainable Housing in Europe) 


Contract Type: Demonstration End Date: 



The need is a widespread diffusion and application of sustainable housing. The challenge is to move from 

the extraordinary to the ordinary procedure, balancing the investment cost with the economic, 

environmental and social benefit. The SHE project, proposed by social housing organisations, aims to 

manage the building process of some 900 sustainable dwellings, according to Agenda 21, to develop a 

set of best practice solutions. A set of workpackages and some innovative work. tasks (participation and 

social/economic aspects) are defined. A team of experts will give scientific support in specific topics. A 

permanent wide dissemination will be developed towards targeted groups. Expected results are practical 

methodologies to improve assessment of best practice solutions, direct participation and involvement of 

the citizen and integrated approach. 


The SHE project challenge is to move sustainable housing from the "extraordinary" to the "ordinary" 

procedure, balancing the investment cost with the economic, environmental and social benefit. This 

action requires complete renovation of the decision-making process, which has to involve all the different 

parties from the early stages. The SHE project aims to: 

1. assess and demonstrate the real feasibility of sustainable housing, using pilot projects for some 900 

sustainable dwellings, 

2. integrate sustainability and closer participation of tenants in the principal stages of the construction 

decision-making process, at a reasonable level of cost and with high potential to be replicated, 

3. develop best practice solutions, to set up quality assessment and guidelines, based on the direct 

experience acquired and 

4. create a methodology to plan environmentally friendly property - equipping all stakeholders with the 

understanding of long-term costs and benefits of sustainable construction. The SHE project is 

coordinated by Federabitazione, a national Italian Housing Cooperative Association. 

The principal proposers are social housing organisations from Denmark, France, Portugal and Italy that, 

due to their institutional calling, are accustomed to involve the future residents and to interact with all the 

subjects. 

Moreover, a team of acclaimed experts (universities, public and private research centres and the Italian 

Institute for bio-architecture) will give scientific support on specific topics to each pilot project at the 

different stages of the overall project, in order to ensure the organisation of scientific support, exchange 

and homogenisation within the project. A set of workpackages are defined as "vertical actions", with 

specific assessment and target evaluation criteria: Architectural, Environmental and Energy Design both 

on a neighbourhood and building scale, Construction, Energy and Environmental Monitoring and 

Evaluation, Reporting and Dissemination, used to generate involvement and to convince. These 

innovative work tasks form the innovative philosophy of the project and consist of "participation" and 

"social aspects and economic analysis - monitoring and evaluation", aiming to elaborate upon a specific 

tool in order to allow a follow-up to the social situation and to prepare satisfaction inquiries. Monitoring 

activities, defined according to specific protocols and strategies, will be used in order to assess ill 

practice, the effects and effectiveness of the technical and socio-economic issues. 

A permanent exploitation plan of project results will be developed, using different forms of interactive 

dissemination towards targeted groups of end users (designers, networks, citizens, policy makers, etc). 

Monitoring and evaluation will document the financial, functional and social appeal of this proposed 

approach, thus stimulating assessment as common and not experimental practice for urban development.



Assessment of best practice solutions for the sustainable constructions, in order to move " from the 

experimental to the ordinary". Definition of new procedures to ensure effective direct participation of the 

final users in the decision-making process and social inclusion. Integrated approach aimed at building up 

the cities in accordance with sustainable principles, through the setting of evaluation criteria and 

ecological labelling of the entire building process. 

Coordinator 

Ballarotto Roberto Tel: +390668000464 

Federabitazione – Confcooperative Fax: +390668134057 

Borgo S. Spirito, 78 E-mail: she.fedab@confcooperative.it 

00193 Roma 

Italy 

Participants 

Istotuti Nazionale di Bioarchitettura, Borgo SS. Apopstoli, 4 50123 Firenze, Italy, Contact person: Marinelli Francesco 

Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment, CSTB Sustainable Development Department, BP 209, Route Des Lucioles, F 06 904, 

Sophia - Antipolis Cedex, France, Contact person: Delcambre Bertrand 

Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal, Contact person: Prof Fernandes Antonio 

Boligforeningen Ringgaarden, 1270 Dybedalen 1A, 8210 Aarhus V., Denmark, Contact person: Joergensen Palle 

Ricerca & Progetto, Galassi, Mingozzi e Associati, Via Di San Luca, 11, 40135, Bologna, Italy, Contact person: Mingozzi Angelo 

La Calade, 363 Avenue De Pierrefeu, 06560, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France, Contact person: Outrequin Philippe 

Consorzio Cci-Casa Soc. Coop. A.R.L., Via De Albentiis, 20, 64100, Teramo, Italy, Contact person: De Iuliis Corrado 

Consorzio di Iniziative e Promozione dell'Edilizia Sociale a Responsabilita Limitata Coipes Scarl, Via Piave 140 A/B, 30171, Venezia 

Mestre, Italy, Contact person: Dr Grasso Angelo 

Consorzio Bresciano per l'Edilizia Economico Popolare, Via Xx Settemnre N°72, 25121, Brescia, Italy, Contact person: Felicioli 

Giancarlo 

Consorzio Copalc Bologna S.C. A.R.L., Via Lame, 118, 40122, Bologna, Italy, Contact person: Dr Cremonini Ivo 

Consorzio Organizzazione Promozione Edilizia Sociale, Copes, Via In Sala N° 176, 61100, Pesaro, Italy, Contact person: Serafini 

Riccardo 

Office Public D'Amenagement et De Construction De L'Isere, Opac38, 2549 Marie-Reynoard Avenue, 45, 38035 Grenoble, Contact 

person: Gaillard Dominique 

Norbiceta - Uniao de Cooperativas de Habitacao, Uclr, Housing Projects Department, Rua Godinho Faria, 112, 4465-149, Mamede 

Infesta, Portugal, Contact person: Vilaverde Guilherme 

Fenache - Federacao Nacional de Cooperativas de Habitacao Economica, Fcrl, International Relations Department, Rua Cassiano 

Branco Lote 223 Loja 7 Bairro Dos Loios, 1900-645 Lisboa, Portugal, Contact person: Mateus José 

Insitute of Accelerating Systems and Application University of Athens, Iasa/Nkua, 17214, 30 Panepistimiou, 10024 Athens, Greece, 

Contact person: Prof. Papanikolas Papanikolas 

Carl Bro As, Nordlandsvej 60, 8240 Risskov, Denmark, Contact person: Ejsing Peter


SUREURO (Inspektoren - sustainable refurbishment Europe) 



Project URL: http://www.sureuro.com/ Duration: 48 months 


In the member states there are about 80 000 residential areas and 56 million flats that have been built 

since 1950. At the moment 170 million people are living in post war mass housing areas. As the 

consortium well knows, housing companies need to periodically refurbish their housing stock and the 

demand for sustainable refurbishment is high – both from EC and the member states. Today there is no 

integration of refurbishment strategies with sustainability and not enough participation of tenants. Many 

refurbishment processes are only focused on technical issues and initial costs. 


SUREURO will provide housing companies with practical management tools for integrating sustainable 

development and tenant participation in their refurbishment management process without exceeding the 

normal costs for the tenants, who are taking part in the project. SUREURO will also develop design tools 

for construction companies, designer and engineers; models for better planning, design and technical 

specifications of refurbishment projects. Finally SUREURO will test and implement new, flexible technical 

concepts for sustainable transformation of existing housing areas. The result is a unique and innovative 

knowledge based information system for the total process. The partnership consists of seven big housing 

organisations from seven different countries within the European Community. To assist the housing organisation 

in the project there are several research organisations and industrial companies also involved. 

The project consists of six work packages. In April 2002, two housing organisations and six other 

organisations in the Czech Republic and one organisation in the Slovak Republic joined the project under 

the name SUREURO NAS. 

The first three are the technical work-packages working in six steps: 

1. Conceptual process models, 

2. Inventory of existing tools and technologies (best practices n the seven countries), 

3. Analysing and improvement, 

4. Development of toolboxes, 

5. Testing in seven national refurbishment processes and 

6. Finally deliver European models and toolboxes. WP1 for management tools, WP2 for Design and 

Process tools and WP3 for Technical tools and solutions for refurbishment and sustainable technologies. 

WP4 are the seven National Projects with their state of the art reports and testing the results form the first 

three work packages. In WP5 at the end of the four-year long project the models and tools will also be 

tested in three, from the project independent housing companies. Two in a member state, Czech 

Republic, and one in an associated country, Italy. WP6 will result in a knowledge system and give the 

most important deliverables with tools in click able computer-friendly way, similar to what is used in 

geographic information systems. They include guidelines that consider different climate-conditions, laws 

and regulations. This also means that they shall be flexible to future knowledge and technologies. It is 

important to notice that the models are developed in a way that all actors in a refurbishment project can 

use them. These actors are housing companies, the municipality (politicians and officials), tenants, 

architects, consultants and contractors. The interplay between these actors shall be developed and lead 

to a win-win situation for all actors at all levels including the environment. It is important that the refurbished 

projects mean a result with healthy and comfortable indoor climate. It is a main goal that the 

refurbishment shall be possible to carry out within normal costs so that the tenants shall have the 

possibility to stay in their dwellings afterwards. SUREURO also considers environmental, social, 

economical, technical, architectural criteria in all stages.



SUREURO aims to provide housing companies and local decision makers with practical management 

tools for integrating sustainable development and tenant participation in their refurbishment management 

process while maintaining normal and affordable costs for tenants. It will also test and implement new 

concepts for sustainable transformation of existing housing areas. Deliverables include a knowledge 

based information system consisting of models and tools for all those involved in the refurbishment 

process and integrate a refurbishment protocol and guidelines. The potential financial and scientific 

impact of SUREURO is felt to be significant. 

The target groups for SUREURO are mainly: 

1. Government authorities, city planners and local authorities in the areas of sustainability, who can use 

the results for coming planning and regulations; 

2. housing companies, who can use the models in their future refurbishment processes; 

3. tenants and their organisations, who can use the models in their demands for environmental living 

conditions; 

4. Construction companies, designers, architects etc in co-operation with housing companies. 

The project results will be directed mainly at markets in member states, CEEC-countries, NDC’s and 

other developed countries. The continuous dissemination – international congresses and seminars in the 

countries involved together with the involvement of independent experts and international organisations in 

the area help to ensure the efficient uptake of results. 

Coordinator 

Mr Jan A Blomstrand Tel: +4640579250 

Kalmarhem Ltd (P0, P1) Fax: +4640579251 

P.O Box 305 E-mail: jan.blomstrand@blomstrand.se 

Larmtorget 3 

SE-391 23 Kalmar 

Sweden 

Participants 

NCC Svenska AB, SE-170 80 Solna, Sweden. Contact person: Mr Jan Byfors. 

Vatten & Samhällsteknik, P.O Box 742, SE-391 27 Kalmar, Sweden. Contact person: Mr Lars Kylefors. 

AKB Housing Association, Tomsgardsvej 28, P.O Box 945, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark. Contact person: Mr Henning 

Andersen. 

By og Byg, P.O Box 119, Dr Neergaardsvej 15, DK-2970 Hoersholm, Denmark. Contact person: Mr Hans Kristensen. 

Byfornyelse Danmark, H C Andersen Boulevard 40, DK-1553 Copenhagen, Denmark. Contact person: Mr Freddy Avnby. 

Finnish Real Estate Federation, Annankatu 24, FI-00100 Helsinki, Finland. Contact person: Mr Mauri Marttila. 

VTT Building and Transport, P.O Box 1804, FI-02044 VTT, Finland. Contact person: Mr Ari Laitinen. 

Renova Oy, Hämeenkatu 10, FI-33100 Tampere, Finland. Contact person: Mr Kari Immonen. 

Motiva Oy, P.o Box 489, Urho Kekkosen Katu 4-6A, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland. Contact person: Mr Ilari Aho. 

WonenCentraal, P.O Box 2001, Concertweg 33, NL-2400 CA Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands. 

Contact person: Mr Olaf Piekhaar. 

TNO Building and Construction Research, P.O Box 49, NL-2600 AA Delft, The Netherlands. Contact person: Mr Karel Dekker. 

Logirep, Rue Gambetta 127, BP135, FR-92154 Suresnes, France. Contact person: Mr Jean-Pierre Comte. 

CSTB Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment, Service des Structure, Avenue du Recteur Poincar+e 4, FR-75782 Paris 

Cedex 16, France. Contact person: Mr Jean Carassus.


Delphis (Dévelopment Détudies pour le Logement, la promotion de l’habitat, l’innovation et le Social), 16 Rue Jobbé-Duval, FR- 

75015 Paris, France. Contact person: Mr Francis Deplace. 

IRS Institute for Regional development and Structural Planning, Flakenstrasse 28, DE-15537 Erkner, Germany. Contact person: Mr 

Thomas Knorr-Siedow. 

Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council, department of Housing, Council House, High Street, Smethwick, West Midlands, B66 3NT, 

United Kingdom. Contact person: Mr Michael Hill. 

BRE Building Performance Assessment Centre, Garston, Watford, WD2 7JR, United Kingdom. Contact person: Mr Michael Jaggs. 

Blomstrand Consulting, Fersens väg 6, SE-21142 Malmo, Sweden. Contact person: Mr Jan A Blomstrand. 

LUWOGE/GEWOGE, Dessauer Strasse 59, DE-67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany. Contact person: Mr Dr Wolfgang Schubert. 

IWU Institut Wohnen und Umwelt, Annastrasse 15, DE-64285 Darmstadt, Germany. Contact person: Mr Dr Uwe Wullkopf 

Mestska Realitni Agentura, U Lesa 865/3a, CZ-73601 Havirov, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mr Pavel Merta. 

Statutarni Mesto Havirov, Svornosti 2, CZ-73601 Havirov, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mr Vaclav Wicher. 

Mestská cast Praha 11, Ocelíkova 672, CZ-14941, Prague 415, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mrs Jitka Bouskova. 

Ceské Vysoké Ucení Technické v Praze, Thákurova 7, CZ-16629 Prague 6, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mrs Marcela 

Pavlikova. 

STÙ-K,a.s. Washingtonova 25, CZ-11000 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mr Tomas Vimmr. 

The Centre of Building Construction Engineering, Prazská 16/810, CZ-10221 Prague, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mr Vlastimil 

Kucera. 

Charles University, Faculty of Science, Albertov 6, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic. Contact person: Mr Ludek Sykora. 

Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Jilská 1, CZ-11000 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Contact 

person: Mr Martin Lux. 

Delphis Representation office in Slovak Republic, Stará Vajnorská 39, SK-83104 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Contact person: Ms 

Eva Prva.


WAMBUCO (European Waste Manual for Building Construction) 



Project URL: http://www.wambuco.net Duration: 24 months 



The overall goal of the production of a European Waste Manual for Building Construction which will be 

used as a tool by the building industry to optimise waste management during the building process. The 

specific aims of the project are: 

1. Producing planning aids incorporating trades-specific waste parameters in order to achieve a 

reduction of building waste by up to 25 per cent by weight. 

2. Optimising the separation of building-site waste and increasing the proportion of separated re-usable 

materials of more than 75 per cent by weight 

3. Reducing emissions produced by waste-disposal traffic by up to 40 per cent 

4. Increasing the productivity of all trades by more than 2 per cent 

5. Increasing the interest of building sponsors, architects and investors in a low-waste and recyclingoriented 

approach to building 

6. Reducing the amount of work required on the building site for the transport of materials and waste 

materials 

7. Reducing the threat accidents and fire on building sites 

8. Reducing resource and the cost of materials 

Within the framework of detailed country studies, approaches to low-waste and recycling-oriented building 

will be identified. Based in these approaches, an appropriate form of building waste management is to be 

developed and implemented in five countries within the European Union. In conjunction with training 

centres for the building trades, potentials for building-site waste avoidance in the case of building 

construction will be investigated at the level of individual trades. 

As first step, a central waste management logistics system for building projects will be established by the 

research institutions. The central waste management structure will connect all participating firms and 

waste management facility within the building project. On selected building sites, the research institutions 

will co-ordinate the collection by small and medium-sized building and waste management enterprises of 

data concerning building performance and waste potentials. 

Training and further training centres of the building industry will be involved in the research project. On 

their rehearsal construction sites, experimental programmes will be conducted focusing on the testing of 

low-waste building procedures. This will effect sensitivity towards waste avoidance, and lay the base for 

curriculum adaptation. 

The links between building performance and waste yield will be analysed for wall, ceiling, floor, facade, 

roof and cladding constructions. The building parameters influencing waste yield will be analysed, and 

optimisation measures involving variable material input will be conducted with regard to the use of 

materials and packaging, 

The research institutions will translate the waste-yield data provided by the two research programmes into 

key waste parameters relating to building practices. The results of the research project will then be 

compiled and presented in the form of a European Waste Manual for Building Construction.



Milestones 

• Country studies of waste management strategies on building sites 

• Trade-specific requirement descriptions for waste management 

• European Waste Manual 


• Waste management optimisation in the building process 

• Productivity increase in the building process 

• Net product increase in waste processing 

Exploitation of results 

• CD-ROM version of Waste Manual 

• Concept for the marketing of the Waste Manual within the EU with emphases on Internet 

presentation, conferences, presentation of model building sites, and training. 

Coordinator 

Rudolf Netzelmann Tel: +4930617762-58 

Otto-Rüdiger Schulze Fax: +49306113435 

Holz- und Baustoffrecycling GmbH&Co.KG E-mail: rnetzelmann@web.de 

Schleuener Weg 1 

D- 16515 

Neuendorf 

Germany 

Participants 

Consulting and Construction Logistics Gmbh, CCL, Oranienburger Chaussee 6, 16548 Glienicke, Germany, Contact Person: Vogel, 

Christian 

BBE-Betziner-Bauholz-Entsorgung Und Weiterverarbeitung, Dorfstrasse 10 A, D-16833 Betzin, Germany, Contact Person: Mr 

Gödde, Robert 

JOCOLAR Sociedade De Construções, Lda. Av. Alves Redol, 1,1A- Damaia De Baixo, P-2720-034, Amadora, Portugal, Contact 

Person: Mr Mendes Da Costa, Joaquim Luís 

TEMUNDO Sociedade de Administração de Propriedades, S.A., Av. Dos Bombeiros Voluntários, 3 S/Loja Esq. P-1675-108, 

Pontinha, Portugal 

Contact person: Mr Henriques de Oliveira, Joaquim, M.Oliveira, Rui Miguel 

DUARTE& FILHOS Lda. Rua José António Cruz 45, Rés-do-Chão, P-4710-396 Braga, Portugal, Contact person: Mr Gomes, Raul, 

Mr Carvalho Duarte, Joao 

SEMURAL – Sociedade de Empreendimentos Lda., P- Rua de Fonte Pedrinha – Maximinos, 4700-199, Braga, Portugal, Contact 

person: Mr Marques, Joao 

CONSUR S. COOP. AND. Sociedad Cooperativa Andaluza Poligono Pisa, C/ Juventud, N° 10-B, E-41927, Mairena Del Aljarafe; 

Sevilla, Spain, Contact person: Mr Cintado Garrido, Jesús 

P. Brandis OG Søn A/S, Ledøje Mølle, Risbyvej 26, DK-2765, Smørum, Denmark, Contact person: Mr Sørensen, Lars Bertel 

Nordahl & Axelsen 2000 APS, Valhøjs Alle 126, DK-2610, Rødovre, Contact person: Mr Nordahl, Thomas 

SA GROUPE 1000, 3, Place de Montrapon, F- 25000,Besançon, France, Contact person: Mr Devettor, Lionel 

TU-Dresden (Technische Universität), Institut für Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten Praschwitzer Strasse 15, D-01796, Pirna, Germany, 

Contact person: Mr Bilitewski, Bernd (Prof.Dr. -Ing.)


UMBRA- Umwelt- und Unternehmensberatung GmbH, Hasenheide 54 D-10967 Berlin, Germany, Contact person: Mr Gurol, 

Christian; Mr Schäfer,Hartmut 

CEIFA Ambiente- Lda, Centro de Estudos, Informação e Formação para o Ambiente, Rua Azedo Gneco, 68, Cv Dta, P - 1350-038 

Lisboa, Portugal, Contact person: Mr Rodrigues Caixinhas, João Filipe, Mrs Viseu Lucas, Joana 

TecMinho, Associacao Universidade-Empresa para o Desenvolvimento Contact person: Mr Jalali, Said (Prof), (Mrs Marques, 

Carla), Palacio Vila Flor, Av.D. Afonso Henriques, P-4810-431, Guimares, Portugal 

IAT, Instituto Andaluz de Tecnologìa, c/Gutenberg, s/n –Edificio IAT- Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Contact person: Mr 

Guerrero, Luis Yuste, Mrs Fernandez, Maria, Mr Iglesias, Javier 

RAADVAD, Nordisk Center til Bevarelse af Håndværk, Raadvad 40 DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark, Contact person: Mr Vadstrup, 

Søren architect m.a.a. 

CAFOC, Centr Académique de Formation Continue10, rue de la Convention, F- 25030 Besançon Cedex, France, Contact person: 

Mr Bels, Francois, Mr Metzinger, Freddy, Mr Guth, Jean-Pierre


4.3.2 Optimum use of urban land and rehabilitation of brownfield site 

CABERNET (Concerted Action on Brownfield and Economic Regeneration NETwork) 


Contract Type: Concerted action End Date: 31-12-2004 

Project URL: http://www.cabernet.org.uk/ Duration: 36 Months 


Brownfields (or derelict land) result from changing patterns of industry and development in many regions. 

The loss of the industry, the resulting unemployment and the reluctance of new investors to take on the 

technical problems and liabilities associated with brownfield sites, affect the economic prosperity of the 

region, particularly in urban locations. Municipalities are often unable to revitalise brownfield from within 

their own resources, and their city centres and environs remain degraded and under-utilised. 

Finding solutions for “brownfield” sites is therefore an increasingly important part of effective policies 

aimed at a sustainable future for land and in particular cities. It is relevant for example to taking forward 

“Sustainable Urban Development in the European Union: A Framework for Action (COM(98)605)” and the 

proposed 6 th Environment Action programme of the European Community. 


CABERNET aims to facilitate new practical solutions for urban brownfields. The Network is focusing on 

four key objectives which are: better awareness and shared understanding of brownfield issues across 

stakeholder groups; development of a conceptual model for brownfield issues; coordinated research 

activities across different sectors and countries and identification of best practice and other tools. 

The Network consists of 49 Members and 6 Coordination Team members originating from 21 countries 

across Europe and different stakeholder groups. The Members will work in a series of structured 

meetings towards integrated and phased outputs. Information and conclusions will be actively 

disseminated via the network web site (www.cabernet.org.uk) and other fora throughout the project. 


CABERNET’s vision is the enhanced rehabilitation of brownfield sites. Potential users such as regional 

and municipal authorities, industry and small businesses, as well as professionals and scientists, will 

have access to better information, to new tools and to a wider perspective of the issues. CABERNET will 

inform thinking by creating a new intellectual and practical framework, bringing together the key aspects 

of the environment, economy and social and cultural heritage associated with sustainable regeneration of 

brownfields. 

The key deliverables will include: accessible information and position papers on the state of the art and 

on issues; a conceptual model; new research projects; and new tools including checklists, benchmarks, 

and practical guidance. 

Coordinator 

Dr Kate Millar Tel: +441159514124 

Land Quality Management Group (LQMG) Fax: +441159514320 

SCHEME E-mail: kate.millar@nottingham.ac.uk 

The University of Nottingham 

University Park NG7 2RD 

Nottingham 

United Kingdom


Participants 

UBA, Federal Environmental Agency, Germany, Bismarckplatz 1, 14191 Berlin, Germany Contact person: Detlef Grimski 

RAMBOLL, Ramboll Hanneman & Hojlund A/S, PO Box 50, Teknikerbyen 31, 2830 Virum, Denmark Contact person: Neel 

Stroebaek 

FA STU, Faculty of Architecture Slovak University of Technology, Nam. Slobody 19, 812 45 Bratislava, Slovak Republic 

Contact person : Dagmar Petrikova 

Groundwork UK, The Federation of Groundwork Trusts, 85-87 Cornwall Street, B3 3BY, Birmingham, England Contact person: 

Peter Morgan 

OVAM, Openbare Afvalstoffenmaatschappij voor het Vlaamse Gewest, Kan. De Deckerstraat 22-26, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium 

Contact person: Pascal Maebe 

SecondSite Property, 130 Jermyn Street, London, SW1Y 4UR, UK Contact person: Seumas Munro 

JM AB, Telegrafgatan 4, SE-169 82, Stockholm, Sweden Contact person: Christer Egelstig 

STRABAG, Dienstleistung, Bau-und Umwelttechnik GmbH, Siegburger Str. 241, 50679, Köln, Germany Contact person: Norbert 

Simmleit 

BMLFUW, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty, Environment and Water Management, Stubenbastei 5, 1010 Vienna, 

Austria Contact person: Harald Kasamas 

Tauw b.v., 133 Handelskade 11, 7400 AC, Deventer, The Netherlands Contact person : Matthijs Nijboer 

MEDITERRA, MEDITERRA CONSULTORS AMBIENTALS, S.L., Via Laietana 47, 3a-2a, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Contact person: 

Jordi Boronat 

VROM, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment, 30945 Rijnstraat 8, 2500 GX, Den Haag, The Netherlands Contact 

person: Onno Van Sandick 

FREM, Romanian Foundation for Energy and Environment, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 77202 Bucharest, Romania Contact person: 

Florin Glodeanu 

FEEM Servizi S.r.l., C.so Magenta 63 20123 Milan , , Italy Contact person: Giorgio Vicini and Francesca Neonata 

IETU, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha, 40833 Katowice, Poland Contact person: Anna Starzewska-Sikorska 

BROOKES, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane Campus, Headington, OX3 OBP, Oxford, UK Contact person: Katie Williams 

GeoDelft, Stichting GeoDelft, PO Box 69, Stieltjesweg 2, 2600 AB, Delft, The Netherlands Contact person: Derk van Ree 

FEI, Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, Kesäkatu 6, 00251 Helsinki, Finland Contact person: Outi Pyy 

DEMOKRITOS, National Center for Scientific Research, PO Box 60228, Terma Patriarchou Grigoriou Str., 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, 

Greece Contact person : Olga Aneziris 

Difu, Deutsches Institüt Für Urbanistik, Strasse des 17. Juni 112, 10593 Berlin, Germany Contact person : Stephan Tomerius 

MISSIONBM, Mission Bassin Minier, BP 16, 19 Rue du Mars 1962, 62 590, Oignies, France Contact person : Catherine Bertram 

Municipality of Copengahen , Planning & Architecture (), Radhuspladsen 77, 1550 Copenhagen, Denmark Contact person: 

Michaela Brüel 

Studio Metropolitana, Urban Research Centre Public Society, Pf. 336 Budapest 1364, Városház u. 9-11, H-1052, Budapest, 

HungaryContact person: Viktória Hegedus 

UBA, Umweltbundesambt GmbH, Spittelauer Laende 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria Contact person: Martin Schamann 

CNG, Stadt Köln, Willy Brandt Platz 2, 50679 Köln, Germany Contact person: Till Scheu 

CDEIB, Consorci per al Desenvolupament Economic de les llles Balears, San Felio 8a-3, 07012 Palma de Mallorca, Spain Contact 

person: Dolores Ordoñez 

ASNM, Agenzia Sviluppo Nord Milano S.p.a., Largo Lamarmora 17, 20099, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy Contact person: Elisabetta 

Caregnato 

LAGANSIDE, Laganside Corporation, 15 Clarendon Road, BTI 3BG, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK Contact person: Kyle Alexander


EPORA, Etablissement Public Foncier de l’Ouest Rhône-Alpes, BP 213, 35 rue Ponchardier, 42013 St Etienne, France Contact 

person: Stephan Muzika 

GPE, Gesellschaft für Projektmanagement und Grundstûcksentwicklung mbH, Korneliustrasse 2, 44135 Dortmund, Germany 

Contact person: Jürgen Brüggemann 

Manchester City Council, Town Hall, M60 2LA, Manchester, UK Contact person: Kerri Farnsworth 

MHG, Miller Hughes Associates Limited Greece, 25 Loukianou Street Kolonaki 106 71 Athens, , Greece Contact person: Charles 

Hughes 

CNRSSP, Centre National de Recherche sur les Sites et Sols Pollués, BP 537, Bd Lahure 930, 59505 Douai, France Contact 

person: Agnès Laboudigue 

SISTech, Scottish Institute of Sustaianable Technology Ltd, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, EH 14 4AS, Edinburgh, Scotland 

Contact person: Paul Jowitt 

GAIKER, Fundación Gaiker, Parque Tecnológico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Spain Contact person: Iñaki Susaeta 

AGRUNIVER Kft, Agruniver Koernyezetvedelmi Szolgaltato es Vallalkozo Kft., 56 Ganz-Abraham str. 2, 2100 Goedoelloe, Hungary 

Contact person: Balázs Morvai 

English partnerships, Urban Regeneration Agency, St Georges House, Kingsway Team Valley, NE 11 ONA, Gateshead, UK 

Contact person: Euan Hall 

SKB, Netherlands Center for Soil Quality Management and Knowledge Transfer, Buchnerweg 1, 2800 AK, Gouda, The Netherlands 

Contact person: Johannes Van Veen 

UNI-BF, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, PO 2995, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubjlana, Slovenia Contact person: Marko 

Zupan 

Amt der Salzburger Landesregierung, PO 527, Michael-Pacher-Strasse 36, 5010 Salzburg, Austria, Contact person: Margit de Lara 

Fernandez-Brand 

DDDA, Dublin Docklands Development Authority, Custom House Quay, Dublin 1, Ireland Contact person : Terence Durney 

AGET HERACLES, Heracles General Cement Company, 49-51 Soph. Venizelou Street, Gr 14123, Lycourissi, Greece 

Contact person: Richard Spray 

RCC, Riga City Council, K. Valdemara Str. 3, LV 1539, Riga, Latvia Contact person: Gvido Princis 

UMG, University of Mining & Geology, St Ivan Rilski, Students’ town, kv Darvenitza, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria Contact person: Michael 

Michaylov 

Nora Meixner, Längenfeldgasse 29/25, 1120 Vienna, Austria Contact person: Nora Meixner 

AIG Europa S.A., Kortenberglaan 170, 1000 Brussel, Belgium Contact person: Alex Pittignano 

KLC Law Firm, Kallimopoulos Loukopoulos Chiotellis Law Firm, 2 Ypsilantou Street 10675 Athens, Greece Contact person: 

Socrates Stylianidis 

FHN, FH Nordhausen (University of Applied Science), Weinberghof 4, 99734 Nordhausen, Germany Contact person: Christian C. 

Juckenack 

Meta Consulting,.Meta Group s.r.l., Via Angeloni n°5, 05100 Terni, Italy Contact person : Pier Luigi Venanzi 

CTU Prague, Czech Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29, Prague, Czech Republic Contact 

person: Vaclav Kuraz


HYGEIA (Hybrid geophysical technology for the evaluation of insidious contaminated 

areas) 





Rehabilitation of brownfields, contaminated sites and waste disposal sites is a crucial issue in the 

perspective of sustainable development and is a costly task, which affects the planning of urban and 

infrastructure development. With the present assessment techniques, the estimate of the budget required 

for rehabilitation is often very rough and the risk of an unexpected remarkable growth of the costs during 

operations strongly discourages the private investments on brownfields. Thus, for effective rehabilitation 

planning and engineering safety and efficiency, it is extremely important that sub-surface is accurately 

imaged prior to the commencement of remediation. Currently, however, there is no dedicated technology 

that can provide reliable and consistent high resolution sub-surface information for the wide variety of 

ground conditions met in this field. Geophysical methods have a tremendous potential for the 3-D 

evaluation of used/contaminated ground but current techniques are unfit to satisfy end-user’s 

requirements. 

There is an urgent need for a reliable non-intrusive technology for subsurface characterisation of 

contaminated land based on an integrated approach. 


The project is designed to address this problem for the most important brownfield typologies by 

development of a combination of geophysical techniques (seismics, GPR, resistivity) capable of mapping 

heterogeneities in the 0-50 m space without disturbing the medium by means of highly cost-effective and 

rapid acquisition, processing and inversion/interpretation of data. 

The proposed system shall provide 

• full 3-D imaging of brownfields and contaminated sites to the depth of interest for rehabilitation 

purposes 

• identification of pollution sources, contaminants flow paths and accumulation and 

• evaluation of connections between brownfields and aquifers. 

Advancement of the state-of-the-art will be pursued through 

• development of dedicated acquisition tools to enhance performances of Ground Penetrating Radar 

(GPR) and multi-component seismic prospecting 

• development of novel dedicated procedures based on the integration of the geophysical methods 

applicable to the different typologies of brownfields and contaminated sites (seismics, GPR, 

resistivity) and 

• implementation of algorithms to obtain enhanced information from brownfields and contaminated 

sites, with particular reference to processing, inversion and modelling software dedicated to integrate 

seismic and GPR data analysis. 

Further objective of the project is the definition of guidelines, applicability, limits and costs of correct and 

effective use of proposed technology. 


HYGEIA will provide 

• classification of brownfield and contaminated sites of use to plan management and rehabilitation 

based on information about past use of land 

• survey technologies based on the integration of seismics, resistivity and GPR. Among them, surface 

waves and Same Wavelength Electromagnetic and Elastic Prospecting (SWEEP) to overcome 

present limits of the individual geophysical methods 

• innovative seismic and GPR data acquisition tools for enhanced shallow high resolution prospecting


• original software for data processing, modelling, inversion and interpretation, which is instrumental to 

obtain enhanced subsurface information and push the proposed geophysical methods to their limits 

• databases of physical properties and geophysical data from laboratory and field experiments that will 

help selection of useful techniques in future studies 

• Theoretical models and simulation algorithms which allow quantitative validation of survey results 

• Decision support system and end-users guidelines which will serve as reference forrehabilitation 

industry and allow safe and cost-effective exploitation of the proposed technology. 

• In synthesis, end-users may expect to obtain from the project databases and technology for rapid and 

cost-effective high-resolution non-invasive evaluation of used/contaminated land to minimise costs 

and risks of rehabilitation actions. 

Coordinator 

Michel Pipan Tel: +390406762277 

Universita’ Di Trieste Fax: +390406762290 

Piazzale Europa 1 E-mail: pipan@univ.trieste.it 

34157 Trieste 

Italy 

Participants 

POLIMI, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy Contact person: Luigi Zanzi 

OGS, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/C, 34010 Sgonico, Italy Contact 

person: Jose Carcione 

UNICRE, Technical University of Crete, Politechnioupolis, 73100 Chania, Greece Contact person: Antonis Vafidis 

ULP, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France Contact person: Maksim Bano 

BRGM, Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minières, 3 av. Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans, France Contact person: Gilles 

Grandjean-Gregoire 

CSIM, Consorzio per lo Sviluppo Industriale del Comune di Monfalcone, Via Duca D’aosta 66, 34074 Monfalcone, Italy Contact 

person: Giampaolo Fontana 

D&MES, Dames & Moore SA, General Ramírez de Madrid 8-6, 28020 Madrid, Spain Contact person: Alfonso Alvarez 

D&MIT, URS Dames&Moore S.r.l., Via Bertieri 2/4, 20146 Milan, Italy Contact person: Gianmarco Lucchini


NORISC (Network oriented risk-assessment by in-situ screening of contaminated sites) 



Project URL: http://www.norisc.com Duration: 36 months 


NORISC aims at the revitalisation of contaminated sites in urban areas. The project combines and 

integrates new and existing methods in order to provide a standard guideline for efficient risk assessment 

of contamination profiles. This guideline will enhance site characterisation and risk assessment and 

minimise time and cost for investigation, redevelopment and remediation. The approach is based on 

combinations of measurement methods within geophysics, geochemistry and hydrogeology as well as 

data processing with GIS, geostatistics and modelling. Measurement methods will be focused on in-situ 

screening including both existing and new methods that will be developed and tested. The guideline will 

be established in the form of a decision support software system. This will be a valuable tool for city 

planners, decision makers, landowners, and investors. The software will be integrated with the 

management support system COSIMA. The consortium consists of cities, research institutes, universities 

from Germany, Hungary, Sweden, Greece, Italy, USA. 


The aim is to combine and integrate new and existing site investigation methods in order to provide site 

investigation software and a standard guideline for efficient risk assessment of contamination profiles in 

urban areas. The approaches in the guideline will be based on combinations of measurement methods 

within geophysics, geochemistry, biochemistry and geology/hydrogeology as well as data processing with 

GIS, geo-statistics and modelling. Measurement methods will be focused on in-situ screening including 

both existing and new methods. The software and guideline will be developed and tested against 

quantifiable and quality criteria established in the evaluation plan. Real field tests will be performed. 

The guideline will be established in the form of a decision support software system. This will be a valuable 

tool for city planners, decision-makers, landowners, investors and stakeholders. An interface will be 

developed in order to be able to integrate the software with the most common GIS systems, which will 

improve this management support system. 


Coordinator 

Schramma, Fritz (Mr) Tel: 

City of Cologne Fax: 

Lord Mayor's Office E-mail: Eurocologne@compuserve.com 

Rathaus 

50667 Koeln 

Germany 

Participants 

Department: Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche e Paleontologiche Organisation: Universita degli Studi di Ferrara Corso Ercole I D' 

Este 32 44100 Ferrara Italy Contact Person: Semenza, Edoardo (Professor) 

Dipartimento Scienze della Terra Organisation: University of Florence Via G. La Pira 4 50121 Firenze Italy Contact Person: Manetti, 

Piero (Professor) 

Clayton Umweltschutz Gbr; Dr. Jurgen Schutz & Rainer Ulrich In Der Morschgewanne 16 67065 Ludwigshafen (Am Rhein) 

Germany Contact Person: Schuetz, Jurgen (Dr) 

Regional Division of Central Macedonia Organisation: Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration 1, Fragon Street 546 26 

Thessaloniki Greece Contact Person: Koussis, Antonis (Professor)


Organization for the Master Plan and Environmental Protection of Thessaloniki 105, Vas. Olgas Str. 546 43 Thessaloniki Greece 

Contact Person: Loizos, Kostas (Mr) 

Environment and Health Protection Administration Rosenlundsgatan 60 100 64 Stockholm Sweden Contact Person: Forsberg, Ethel 

(Mr) 

Agruniver Koernyezetvedelmi Szolgaltato Es Vallalkozo Kft. Ganz-Abraham-Str.2, 2100 Godollo Hungary Contact Person: Jonas, 

Otto (Mr) 

International Commissions Organisation: Geological Survey of Sweden Villavagen 18 751 28 Uppsala, Sweden Contact Person: 

Shaikh, Naz Hamed (Mr) 

Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie Institut fur Geophysik Und Meteorologie Organisation: Universitaet Koeln Zuelpicher Str. 49 

50674 Koeln Germany Contact Person: Mannigel, Rainer (Mr) 

Department of Earth Sciences Institute of Earth Sciences Organisation: Uppsala University 16 Villavaegen 16 752 36 Uppsala 

Sweden Contact Person: Roberts, Roland G. (Ass. Professor)


RESCUE (Regeneration of European sites in cities and urban environments) 



Project URL: http://www.rescue-europe.com Duration: 36 months 


The process of industrial change has resulted in the creation of so-called „brownfields“ across Europe, 

particularly in urban areas. These sites present particular challenges to national and regional 

policymakers, including the remediation of hazards to human beings, groundwater and ecosystems. But 

there is also a need to facilitate the reintegration of rehabilitated sites into the property market and to 

ensure that they can be brought back into new economic uses. 

The management of the increasing amount of derelict land in inner city locations is one of the most 

important issues on the agendas of today’s urban planners and property related private stakeholders. 

Taking into account the ongoing consumption of open space for housing, retailing and industry, it is 

recognised that a sustainable built environment cannot be achieved without re-integrating derelict land 

into the property markets and encouraging development back to central urban locations. To meet these 

overall goals, RESCUE aims to develop cost-effective tools and strategies for the sustainable reclamation 

of contaminated land to be used by stakeholders, land planners, consultants and public authorities. 


The main objective is to develop and test a systematic holistic approach to sustainable regeneration of 

European brownfield sites. RESCUE desires to raise the standard in brownfield regeneration projects in 

terms of both the sustainability of the build environment and the quality of urban life. RESCUE intends to 

develop sustainable and cost effective tools for the reclamation of derelict land to by uses by all 

stakeholders. By reducing the costs of land rehabilitation, RESCUE will help to overcome the current 

obstacles in brownfield regeneration, contribute to reduce the demand for greenfield development, and 

therefore save natural resources. In addition to this, RESCUE will provide both scientific and practically 

tested guidance for the formulation of European policy. 

The principal methodological approach of RESCUE is to analyse and evaluate current practice in 

brownfield re-development and to derive improvements for the applied procedures. Based on practice in 

industrial core regions in France (Nord-Pas de Calais), United Kingdom (North East Region), Poland 

(Silesia) and Germany (Ruhr Region, South of Leipzig), the regeneration process will be broken down 

into the main steps of decision making and analysed along transnational workpackages. 


The expected impact of RESCUE is the acceleration of brownfield redevelopment by introducing a new 

standard for the integrated approach for all stakeholders. The key element of RESCUE will be the Manual 

of a European System Approach for Sustainable Brownfield Regeneration. It will conclusively integrate 

the validation feedback into a holistic system approach that may be used throughout the European 

Community as well as in EU accession States. The manual should be disseminated throughout Europe to 

practical end users and scientific networks. It will also be available on the RESCUE homepage on the 

internet. It will be a substantial decision making tool for stakeholders, public administration and financial 

funding bodies. It will provide checklists, performance indicators, evaluation criteria and examples of best 

practice that have been evaluated within RESCUE. Economic tools for the enhancement of brownfield 

regeneration will be proposed (e.g. tax incentives etc.). Furthermore, decision making tools for funding 

organisations on the national, regional or even European level will be part of the manual.


Coordinator 

Pahlen, Gernot (Mr) Tel: +4923155690120 

GPE Gesellschaft für Projektmanagement Fax: +4923155690150 

und Grundstücksentwicklung mbH E-mail: rescue@gpembh.de 

Korneliusstrasse 2 http://www.rescue-europe.com 

44135 Dortmund 

Germany 

Participants 

CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2 Rue de Canonniers, 59046 Lille Cedex, France, Contact person: Micheline 

Liagre 

UBA, Federal Environmental Agency, Germany, Bismarckplatz 1, 14191 Berlin, Germany, Contact person: Detlef Grimski 

Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany, Contact person: Bernhard Butzin 

ExSite Research Limited, Cheapside House 138 Cheapside, EC2V 6BB, London, UK, Contact person: David Edwards 

University of Nottingham, Scheme - School of chemical environmental & mining engineering, University Park, NG7 2RD Nottingham, 

UK, Contact person: Paul Nathanail 

University of Wales Cardiff, Research and Consultancy Division, 55 Park Place, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK, Contact person: Hywel 

Thomas 

BRGM, Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres, 3 av. Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orleans, France, Contact person: Philippe 

Freyssinet 

Mission Bassin Minier Nord-Pas de Calais, , Fosse 9 / 9 bis, Rue de tordoir, BP 16, 62590 Oignies, France, Contact person: 

Catherine Bertram 

USTL-LSG, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Batiment A3 Cité Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve D’Ascq, France 

Contact person: Francis Meilliez 

GIG, Central Mining Institute, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Kotawice, Poland Contact person: Wlodzimierz Sokól 

Stadt+, Projektgruppe Stadt + Entwicklung, Ferber, Graumann und Partner, Stieglitzstrasse 84, 04229 Leipzig, Germany Contact 

person: Uwe Ferber 

Municipality of Bytom, European Integration Department, Parkowa 2, 41-902 Bytom, Poland, Contact person: Artur Komor 

Municipality of Sosnowiec, Office of city promotion and international cooperation, Al. Zwyciestwa 20, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland, 

Contact person: Iwona Balinska


4.4 Comparative assessment and cost 

effective implementation of 

strategies for sustainable transport 

systems in a urban environment

4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban. Planning 


Summary Table 

Acronym Number 

Title 

Project Website 

ARTISTS EVK4-CT-2001-0059 Arterial Streets towards sustainability 

http://www.tft.lth.se/artists/ 

ASI EVG3-CT-2002-80013 Assess implementations in the frame of the Cities-of- 

Tomorrow programme 

ASTRAL 

EVK4-CT-2001-80001 The diffusion, exploitation, transfer and take-up of 

research results from a cluster of research projects 

undertaken under Task 4.4.1 of the City of Tomorrow 

and Cultural Heritage Key Action 

http://www.lutr.net/index.html 

CITY FREIGHT EVK4-CT-2001-00078 Inter- and intra-city freight distribution network 

http: cityfreight.org/Contents.html 

ECOCITY EVK4-CT-2001-00056 Urban development towards appropriate structures for 

sustainable transport 

http://www.ecocityprojects.net 

FREDERIC EVK4-CT-2002-80016 Freight Delivery Rationalisation in Cities, Sustainable 

use of professional vehicles in urban areas, a joint effort 

of Local Decision-Makers, Shippers and Car 

Manufacturers 

ISHTAR EVK4-CT-2000-00034 Integrated software for health, transport, efficiency and 

artistic heritage recovery 

http://www.ishtar-fp5-eu.com/ 

PLUME EVK4-CT-2002-20011 Planning and Urban Mobility in Europe 

http://www.lutr.net/index.html 

PROMPT EVK4-CT-1999-00003 New means to promote pedestrian traffic in cities 

http://www.vtt.fi/yki/yki4/prompt.htm 

PROPOLIS EVK4-CT-1999-00005 Planning and research of policies for land use and 

transport for increasing urban sustainability 

http://www.Itcon.fi/propolis/index.htm 

PROSPECTS EVK4-CT-1999-00002 Procedures for recommending optimal sustainable 

planning of European city transport systems 

http://www ivv.tuwien.ac.at/projects/prospects.html 

SCATTER EVK4-CT-2001-00063 Sprawling cities and transport: from evaluation to 

recommendations 

http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/scatter/ 

SUTRA EVK4-CT-1999-00013 Sustainable urban transportation 

http://www.ess.co.at/SUTRA/

TRANSPLUS EVK4-1999-00009 

Transport planning, land use and sustainability 

Http://www.isis-it.com/transplus.htm 

VELOINFO EVK4-CT-2002-80004 The European Network for Cycling Expertise 

http://www.velo.info 



ACRONYM NUMBER 

TITLE 


CYBERMOVE EVK4-CT-2001-00051 Cybernetic Transportation Systems for the Cities of 

Tomorrow 

ECTOS 

http://www.cybermove.org/ 

EVK4-CT-2000-00033 Ecological city transport system: demonstration, 

evaluation and research project of Hydrogen fuel cell bus 

transportation system of the future. 

http://www.ectos.is/ 

EDICT EVK4-CT-2001-00058 Evaluation and demonstration of innovative city transport 

http://www.edict.info 

MOSES EVK4-CT-2000-00042 Mobility Services for Urban Sustainability (car sharing) 

http://www.moses-europe.org 

NETMOBIL EVK4-CT-2002-80010 New Transport system concepts for enhanced and 

sustainable personal Mobility Website to be developed 

STARDUST 

EVK4-CT-2000-00024 Towards sustainable town development: a research on 

deployment of urban sustainable transport (driver 

assistance systems) 

http://www.trg.soton.ac.uk/stardust/index.htm

4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban planning towards sustainable transport 

4.4.1 Strategic approaches and methodologies in urban planning 


ARTISTS (Arterial Street Towards Sustainability) 



Project URL: http://www.tft.lth.se/artists/ Duration: 36 months 


Arterial streets present a major challenge to sustainable urban planning, as they attempt to meet four 

basic urban space functions without having enough space. Arterial streets are main channels for 

through-going traffic between different parts of the city (1), provide access for the various kinds of traffic 

to buildings (2), are often major market places (3), and are meeting points where residents and visitors 

meet, talk and take part in events (4). The aim of the project is to improve the basis for decisions to 

resolve the conflicts between the four functions, taking into account a broad set of social, economic and 

environmental factors. This enables re-design of arterial streets in such a way as to improve the quality 

of life on urban arterial streets and achieving more sustainable travel patterns. 

Consequences due to unsolved conflicts between functions at arterial streets are very evident today and 

have been so for decades. Remote indoor hypermarkets are to a certain degree a consequence of falling 

level of service for shoppers and shopkeepers in arterial streets. The allocation of too much space to 

private cars has resulted in high levels air pollution, noise, accidents etc. Loneliness among residents is 

one of consequences of too many cars and too much noise. 

Today, the city administrations often have poor knowledge about the effects of alternative solutions to the 

predominating “highway design”, which primarily focus on the capacity and speed of private cars. 


The project elaborates and tests a practical method, which facilitates the access to new knowledge and 

motivates to changing standpoints. This encourages city administrations to chose more innovative and 

sustainable solutions when re-designing arterial streets. 

The project develops a method for functional classification of arterial streets. Tools to measure the 

performance of arterial streets are elaborated, enabling city administrations to “benchmark” the streets in 

a holistic approach primarily based on a few core factors. On the basis of these methods and tools the 

project describes the current state of 38 arterial streets, and examines short- and long-term effects of 

different re-constructions, street designs and management strategies. Barriers and possibilities to more 

sustainable arterial streets are focused upon through the analysis of previous decision-making 

processes. 

Innovative tools for providing new alternative options to problematic arterial streets and presenting and 

discussing effects of new designs in an understandable manner are elaborated and tested. 


The final report will consist of Best Practice Guidelines for changing arterial streets. This development 

starts early in the project, as we must assure that these guidelines must be produced in a way that 

makes them useful to local authorities throughout Europe. To ensure the best possible spread of the 

Guidelines the partners will organise – in addition to a web-site, a brochure and a special distribution of 

the Guidelines themselves – very comprehensive knowledge transfer through seminars and workshops 

with local and central decision makers and experts, where an active participation from these groups of 

stakeholders is sought. 

281


Coordinator 

Dr.A.Svensson Tel: +46 46 2229142 

Lund University Fax: +46 46 123272 

Lund E-mail: ase.svensson@tft.lth.se 

Sweden 

Participants 

Danish Transport Research Institute (DTF): Knuth-Winterfeldts Allé: Bygning 116 Vest: DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby: Denmark: Contact 

person Kurt Petersen 

Aristotle Univeristy of Thessaloniki: Department of Civil Engineering: Transport Section: EL - GR 54006 Thessaloniki: 

Greece: Contact person Panos Papaioannou 

City of Copenhagen: Department of Roads & Parks: Njalsgade 13: DK-2300 København S: Denmark: Contact person Maria Helledi 

Streuli 

Endresz Kft: P.O. Box 149:H-1276 Budapest: Hungary: Contact person Magda Draskóczy 

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto: Civil Engineering Department: Transports Infrastructures Group: Rua Dr. 

Roberto Frias: P- 4200-465 Porto: Portugal: Contact person Américo Henrique Pires da Costa 

City of Freiburg: City Council: Department of Transportation Planning: Fehrenbachallee 12: D- 79106 Freiburg: Germany: Contact 

person Hans-Georg Herffs 

Municipality of Girona: Placa del Vi 1: E - 17004 Girona: Spain: Contact person Pere Sola 

Ingeniería de Tráfico: Rambla Catalunya 29, 4 2: E -08007 Barcelona: Spain: Contact person Jytte Thomsen 

Municipality of Kalamaria: Technical Department: 58 Komninon Street: EL – GR 551 32 Kalamaria: Greece: Contact person Maria 

Grigoriadou 

TfL Transport for London: Street Management: Windsor House: 42-50 Victoria Street: London SW1H 0TL: UK: Contact person 

Peter Heather 

Malmö stad: Gatukontoret: Torpgatan 2: SE-205 80 Malmö: Sweden: Contact person Stefan Krii 

Porto City Council: Municipal Direction of Traffic Studies: and Road Management: Praça General Humberto Delgado - 5º Piso: P- 

4099-001 Porto: Portugal: Contact person António Abel de Melo Nunes 

Université Libre de Bruxelles: Institute of Sociology : Centre for Economic & : Social Studies on the Environment: CP 124: Avenue 

Jeanne, 44: B-1050 Brussels: Belgium: Contact person Walter Hecq 

University Kaiserslautern: Transportation Department: Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 14: D- 67663 Kaiserslautern: Germany: Contact person 

Christine Krämer 

University of Westminster: Transport Studies Group: Marylebone Road 35: London NW1 5LS: UK: Contact person Ian Plowright 

Atkins Danmark: Transportplanning - Road Traffic and Safety: Pilestraede 58: DK-1112 Copenhagen K: Denmark: Contact person 

Soeren Underlien Jensen 

282


ASI (Assess implementations in the frame of the Cities-of-Tomorrow programme) 

Project Reference: EVG3-CT-2002-80013 Start Date: 01-02-2003 




The concept of life quality (LQ) is increasingly important in socio-economic research. The main problem 

however is, that LQ is an abstract concept, and a homogeneous definition is hard to be found. LQ is 

influenced by many components like culture, religion, health status, income, age, mobility preconditions, 

job satisfaction, etc. Besides the definition is influenced by the fact that, i.e. the representative of what 

discipline, measures LQ. The main objective of the project is to provide knowledge about the practice of 

life quality assessment by different disciplines in connection with different types of public measures in the 

area of town planning, transportation and mobility. 

Transport and mobility play an important role in the concept of LQ as they are central elements of the 

integration in society. Due to the strong engineering focus taken in this area so far, too little action has 

been taken to understand, what difficulties different groups and sub-groups of people have with transport 

and mobility, as the need and interests of the relevant segments of the population are not considered 

appropriately. Solutions in the transport and mobility area developed according to the methods 

suggested in ASI, will be more effective and more efficient, because they meet the needs of the target 

groups, i.e. different groups of citizens in different parts of Europe. 


The main objective is to improve the understanding of the assessment of groups of citizen’s LQ by 

responsible politicians and experts. This will be done by the evaluation of how mobility policies of five 

implementations in the frame of LUTR (Land Use and Transport Research Cluster) of the Key Action 

Cities of Tomorrow (CoT) affect LQ. Evaluation will be based on expert interviews, dealing with the 

following questions: How is LQ of different groups of citizens affected by town planning, transport and 

mobility conditions and how is it assessed by the responsible people. The main product of ASI will be an 

advice for improved assessment processes. The product will consist of a toolbox for the assessment of 

LQ in connection with town planning, transport and mobility, a databank concept, and guidelines for 

implementations. The developed instruments will be tested in a pilot study. 


The toolbox for assessing LQ and the databank, where – to start with - comparable data about LQ 

assessment and results produced in the frame of LUTR-projects in different parts of Europe are 

gathered, will simplify research work and will improve the basis for practical work. If the tools developed 

in ASI will be used regularly in the town-planning, mobility and transport area there will be a positive 

impact on the sustainability and on the ability of policy-makers to make effective contributions to the 

improvement of LQ of European citizens. 

Coordinator 

Dr. Ralf Risser Tel: +43 1 504 15 46 

FACTUM OHG Fax: +43 1 504 15 48 

Danhausergasse 6/4 E-mail: ralf.risser@factum.at 

1040 Vienna 

Austria 

283


Participants 

Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Olaus Magnus vaeg 37, 581 95 Linkoeping, Sweden, Contact person: 

Sonja Forward 

University of Gronigen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712T Gronigen, The Netherlands, Contact person: Dr. Linda Steg 

Di.P.S.A. – UNIROMATRE, Via Madonna de´Monti 40, I-00184 Roma, Italy, Contact person: Prof. Lucia Martincigh 

Centrum Dopravního Výzkumu (CDV) – Transport Research Centre, senska 33A, 636 00 Brno, Czech Republic, Contact person: 

PhD. Doc. Karel Schmeidler 

284


ASTRAL (The diffusion, exploitation, transfer and take-up of research results from a 

Cluster of research projects funded under Task 4.4.1 of the City of Tomorrow and 

Cultural Heritage Key Action) 



Project URL: http://www.lutr.net/index.html 



This Accompanying Measure is designed to achieve the diffusion, exploitation, transfer and take-up of 

research results from a Cluster of research projects funded under Task 4.4.1 of the City of Tomorrow and 

Cultural Heritage Key Action. Task 4.4.1 aims “to develop planning tools, assessment methodologies and 

best practices aimed at managing future transport demand through integrated land use and transport 

planning, reducing individual motorised vehicle movements and encouraging greater use of collective 

and other sustainable modes”. These actions are all focused on reducing the adverse impact of current 

trends in urban transport on environment and sustainability, safety and security, social cohesion and 

opportunities, and the efficiency of the urban economy. 

All of the Cluster projects have been selected as offering key contributions to the solution of these 

problems. However, their benefits will be realised to a greater extent by drawing on the potential 

synergies between them, and by ensuring that they are effectively coordinated with related national and 

regional projects, hence contributing to the realisation of European Research Area. This is the principal 

focus of ASTRAL. 


The principal objective of ASTRAL is to assist cities, national governments, international organisations, 

non-governmental organisations, interest groups and individuals in obtaining maximum benefit from the 

research undertaken by the Cluster. 

This objective will be achieved through a series of five sub-objectives; each associated with a technical 

Work Package. WP10 involves a Technical Workshop to identify key areas of interaction between the 

Cluster projects and to ensure greater synergy and more efficient use of resources. WP20 identifies and 

provides a summary of related national and regional research projects, and encourages their 

participation in the Cluster’s workshops and website. Details of such projects will be disseminated on the 

website, and regularly updated. In this way, each project will benefit from greater awareness of related 

research elsewhere. WP30 provides a first Dissemination Workshop, with end users, to present initial 

results, to discuss future research directions, and to identify the best ways of disseminating results and 

achieving take-up. The resulting deliverable will recommend good practice for dissemination among 

governments, cities, NGOs and citizens. WP40 involves design, development and maintenance of an 

interactive website for use by Cluster researchers, other national and regional projects and the full range 

of end users. It will provide results, and enable cities, and citizens, to access advice on good practice 

and tools for developing sustainable strategies. WP50 provides the final Dissemination Workshop. It will 

be designed on the basis developed in WP30, and will encourage take-up of best practice as identified 

not just in the Cluster projects but also in related national and regional projects. WP60 provides 

coordination, management and quality assurance. 


The work of all the Cluster projects is focused on assisting cities in developing sustainable land use and 

transport strategies which will substantially reduce the adverse impacts of transport on the environment, 

safety, social cohesion and economic efficiency. ASTRAL will enhance these impacts by developing the 

potential synergy between the projects. Its main contributions to national governments, cities, interest 

groups and citizens will be through its two Dissemination Workshops and its Interactive Website. The first 

Dissemination Workshop will encourage end users to specify the approaches to dissemination, 

exploitation and take-up, which are most appropriate to their needs. The Interactive Website and second 

Dissemination Workshop will draw on these recommendations to encourage widespread take-up of the 

Cluster’s and other related projects’ recommendations. 

285


Coordinator 

Prof. MAY Anthony Tel: +441132336610 

University of Leeds Fax: +441132335334 

Institute for Transport Studies E-mail: tmay@its.leeds.ac.uk 

LS2 9JT - Leeds 


Participants 

286


CITY FREIGHT (Inter- and intra-city freight distribution network) 


Contract Type: Shared cost RTD End Date: 29-02- 2004 

Project URL: http://www.cityfreight.org/Contents.html Duration: 26 months 


Road freight transport has increased dramatically in the past decades within the urban conglomeration, 

and prognoses for the future indicates that the growth has not come to an end. The negative aspects of 

this growth are most visible in all European urban areas: congestion to which lorries and small delivery 

vehicles contribute, noise emissions, emission of pollutants and accidents are problems that decrease 

the quality of the urban environment substantially. 

The problems of freight transport are still augmenting even if more and more cities are imposing 

limitations for delivery of shopping centres by heavy vehicles. Time windows for delivery were 

introduced. Initiatives for urban freight distribution were undertaken. Although most of the developments 

mentioned above have started only recently (roughly in the last decade), first results can yet be 

identified. Moreover, some first results seem very counterintuitive: instead of reducing congestion, some 

Urban Distribution Centres generate more freight vehicle movements than before. 


A comparative analysis of these effects for different cities and situations in Europe has not been carried 

out until this moment. Within this project, the socio-economic and environmental impacts of changes in 

freight transport and door-to-door delivery in a variety of European conurbations will be analysed in a 

systematic and innovative way. 

In order to do that, CITY FREIGHT will carry out an analysis of some selected supply chain schemes that 

are already functioning in Europe and carry out an evaluation of their impacts in an urban context, 

making use of a common assessment methodology. 

More precisely, the objectives of the CITY FREIGHT project are the following: 

• Identify and analyse working of innovative and promising logistic schemes in the seven countries 

represented in the project consortium as well as the urban policies which could accompany their 

implementation in order to promote a more sustainable development; 

• Set up a list of criteria and a common assessment method for evaluating those logistic schemes and 

the related accompanying policies (legal framework, land use planning, road traffic regulation, 

pricing,); 

• Analyse their internal technical, economical and environmental efficiency; 

• Design, for one city or one urban region in each country, one or more implementation scenarios of 

these schemes and related accompanying policies; 

• Assess and optimise the scenarios according to the criteria of a sustainable development of the city; 

• Present guidelines for implementing integrated strategies that could be recommended as "Best 

Practices"; 

• Disseminate and exploit the Best Practice Guidelines through collaboration with the Local 

Authorities for the design of concrete implementation plans of integrated strategies in each of the 

case study cities. 


Public administration is becoming more aware of the importance and diversity of the factors of urban 

freight traffic. In the past the actions were mainly limited in controlling and restricting road traffic. At 

present there are significantly more areas of interest, such as economic efficiency, spatial planning, land 

management and environmental protection. In that general context, the aim of the CITY FREIGHT 

project is to provide guidance to the range of interested stakeholders (government, regional, or local 

authorities, network operators, shippers and consignees on the Best Practices for analysing their city 

freight problems as well as for designing and implementing integrated strategies to solve them. 

287


Coordinator 

Mr. Alain Henry Tel: +32 2 735 09 09 

STRATEC SA Fax: +32 2 735 49 17 

Avenue Adolphe Lacomblé 69-71/box 8 Email: a.henry@stratec.be 

B-1030 Brussels 

Belgium 

Participants 

Stratec s.a, Avenue A. Lacomblé 69-71 boîte 8 ; B - 1030 Brussels Belgium, Contact person: Mr. Alain Henry 

Advanced Railway Research Centre (ARRC), The University of Sheffield; The Innovation Centre 217 Portobello Sheffield, S1 4DP 

UK, Contact person: Mr. Tom Zunder 

Buck Consultants International BV, Kerkenbos 10-31, P.O. Box 1456, NL - 6501 BL Nijmegen 

Netherlands, Contact person: Mr. Sander Kooijman 

EURETITALIA s.r.l., Via Corridoni 11, I - 20122 Milano Italy, Contact person: Mr. Edoardo Peterlini 

INECO, Paseo de La Habana 138, E – 28036 Madrid, Spain, Contact person: Ms. Aurora Ruiz 

LT Consultants Ltd / Kuopio, Sammonkatu 12 , FIN-70500 Kuopio, Finland, Contact person: Mr. Ilkka Salanne 

Cybernétix, Centre d’Etudes de Saclay, BP 17 , F - 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France, Contact person: Mr. Jean-Claude 

Dellinger 

288


ECOCITY (Urban development towards appropriate structures for sustainable transport) 



Project URL: http://www.ecocityprojects.net Duration: 36 months 


Urban growth usually happens in contradictory ways to the concept of sustainable settlement 

development. Spatially diffused and functionally segregated settlement structures tend to cause growth in 

traffic volumes as well as increased pressures on the environment. Measures to promote sustainable 

transport modes in isolation are stultified by these trends, still dominating settlement planning concepts 

and their implementation. The resources to be conserved for future generations - land (urban sprawl), 

energy sources (fossil fuels), the environment, as well as human resources (health, quality of life) - are 

particularly jeopardised. 

In contrast to this trend, the objectives of the European Union for the development of sustainable 

settlements and for the improvement of urban environments specifically imply to support a polycentric, 

balanced urban system and to promote resource-efficient settlement patterns, that minimise land-take 

and urban sprawl. 2 

The project team contributes to the implementation of these objectives by designing model settlements 

for specific sites to demonstrate the feasibility and desirability of future urban living compatible with 

sustainability requirements. The concepts developed provide the basis for urban places to continue being the 

engine of social, cultural and economic development in the future. 


To overcome the above problems of urban development requires the consistent integration and 

implementation of specific often already tested individual solutions. The overall goal of the project is, 

hence, to develop settlement patterns for sustainable cities (ECOCITIES), emphasising the implications 

for an environmentally compatible transport system. Strategies to design a space- and energy saving 

settlement structure will thus give priority to the requirements of sustainable transport (convenience for 

pedestrians, efficient public transport and goods' distribution logistics) as well as energy efficiency, 

environmental quality and the utilisation of alternative sources of energy. 

Necessary conditions of sustainability to be operationalised are compactness – selection of suitable sites 

- and a balanced mix of land uses. The approach of ECOCITY is to develop a common concept, design 

model settlements in six participating countries (in experts round tables creating scenarios, integrating 

sustainability in all sectors and considering multiple cross-sector interrelations in the definition of 

solutions) and to work out general guidelines for planning. 


The products to be developed in the project mentioned above, properly disseminated, should have a 

substantial impact on the growing community of urban planners interested in an improvement of current 

planning practices. It is to be expected, hence, that further developments of the concept will be stimulated 

as well as an increasing application of the projects results can be expected in the future. 

2 

Sustainable Urban Development in the European Union: A Framework for Action; Communication from the 

Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of 

the Regions, Brussels 1998 

289


Coordinator 

Prof. Uwe Schubert Tel: (43-1)313364848 

Institute for Economic Geography Fax: (43-1)31336709 

Regional Development E-mail: uwe.schubert@wu-wien.ac.at 

and Environmental Management 

A-1090 Vienna 

Austria 

Participants 

Department of Environmental Economics and Management; Vienna University of Economics, Rossauer Laende 23/4; A 1090 Wien, 

Austria, Contact Person: Uwe Schubert 

Resource Management Agency, Argentinierstrasse 48, 2. Stock, A 1040 Wien, Austia, Contact Person: Hans Daxbeck 

NAST Consulting Ziviltechniker GmbH, Lindengasse 38, A 1070 Wien, Contact Person: Friedrich Nadler 

Stadtgemeinde Bad Ischl, Pfarrgasse 11, A 4820 Bad Ischl, Austria, Contact Person: Thomas Siegl 

Treberspurg & Partner ZT GmbH, Penzinger Straße 58, A 1140 Wien, Austria, Contact Person: Martin Treberspurg 

Institut fuer Raumplanung und Laendliche Neuordnung, Universitaet fuer Bodenkultur, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, A 1190 Wien, 

Austria, Contact Person: Gerlind Weber 

Technical Research Centre of Finland, Lampomiehenkuja 2 A-C, FIN 02044 VTT Espoo, Finland, Contact Person: Kari Rauhala 

City of Tampere, Aleksis Kiven katu 14-16 C, FIN 33100 Tampere, Finland, Contact Person: Pertti Tamminen 

University of Tampere, Kalevantie 4, FIN 33014 Tampere, Finland, Contact Person: Hannele Auffermann 

Plancenter Ltd., Pyhäjärvenkatu 1, FIN 33200 Tampere, Finland, Contact Person: Satu Lehtikangas 

TUHH-Technologie GmbH, Schellerdamm 4, D 21079 Hamburg, Germany, Contact Person: Monica Schofield 

Joachim Eble Architektur, Berliner Ring 47a, D 72076 Tuebingen, Germany, Contact Person: Joachim Eble 

Stadt Tuebingen, Brunnenstrasse 3, D 72074 Tuebingen, Germany, Contact Person: Brigitte Russ-Scherer 

eboek Ingenieurbuero für Energieberatung, Haustechnik und oekologische Konzepte GbR, Reutlinger Straße 16, D 72072 

Tuebingen, Germany, Contact Person: Olaf Hildebrandt 

Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Radlinskeho 11, SK 81368 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact Person: 

Koloman Ivanicka 

Municipality Authority of City Trnava, Hlavna 1, SK 91701 Trnava, Slovakia, Contact Person: Martin Polak 

Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Namestie Slobody 19, SK 81245 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact Person: 

Henrich Pifko 

Peter Raksanyi, Autorizovany inzinier, Planning Bureau, Viglasska 6, SK 85106 Bratislava, Slovakia, Contact Person: Peter 

Raksanyi 

Szechenyi Istvan University of Applied Sciences, Hedervari u. 3., HU 9026 Gyoer, Hungary, Contact Person: Csaba Koren 

City of Gyoer, Varoshaz ter 1., HU 9021 Gyoer, Hungary, Contact Person: Ivan Nemeth 

SCET-Hongrie SA. d' Amenagement Urbain, Csalogany u. 23., HU 1027 Budapest, Hungary, Contact Person: Gabor Aczel 

Grupo de Estudios y Alternativas 21 S.L., Puerta del Sol nº 13, 5º5, E 28013 Madrid, Spain, Contact Person: Carlos Verdaguer 

John Thompson & Partners, 70, Cowcross Street, UK EC1M 6EJ London, United Kingdom, Contact Person: Fred London 

Progettazione per il Restauro L'Architettura e L'Urbanistica, Via Costabella 34/36, I 00195 Roma, Italy, Contact Person: Francesca 

Sartogo 

Agenzia per l'energia e l'Ambiente della Provincia di Perugia S.P.A., Strada Settevalli, 50 San Sisto – Perugia, I 06124 Perugia, 

Italy, Contact Person: Cesare Migliozzi 

Nederlandse onderneming voor energie en milieu, Catharijnesingel 59, NL 3503 RE Utrecht, Netherlands, Contact Person: Gea 

van Oortmarssen 

Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung, Ob dem Himmelreich 1, D 72074 Tuebingen, Germany, Contact Person: Sigried 

Caspar 

290


ECOAZIONI S.n.c. di M.Bastiani & C., Via B. Ubaldi, Centro Direzionale "Prato", I 06024 Gubbio – Perugia, Italy, Contact Person: 

Massimo Bastiani 

Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mayerhofer Stadlmann, Frankenberggasse 5, A 1040 Wien, Austria, Contact Person: Rainer Mayerhofer 

Graz University of Technology, Institute of Thermal Engineering, Rechbauerstrasse 12, A 8010 Graz, Austria, Contact Person: 

Wolfgang Streicher 

291


FREDERIC (Freight Delivery Rationalisation in Cities, Sustainable use of professional 

vehicles in urban areas, a joint effort of Local Decision-Makers, Shippers and Car 

Manufacturers) 





The problem addressed is Freight Delivery and professional use of vehicles - commercial and public 

services - in urban areas. This is a topic of great concern for sustainable urban mobility for several 

reasons : 

Freight transportation already accounts for a large part of the urban traffic and emissions. A significant 

increase is expected (+38% in 2010 according to the Commission’s White Paper). Expected changes in 

shopping behaviour will lead to smaller but more frequent deliveries. 

Together this means we can expect a significant increase of freight delivery in cities. The capacity of the 

urban traffic network is actually not flexible and increase of traffic as well as non-harmonised occupation 

of roads create an overlap in peak hours for domestic and professional trips. 

The problem of freight delivery is a special challenge for City Policy-makers that have to deal with 

sustainable mobility - corresponding to a greater demand of their citizen – and have to improve the 

performances of the economy of territories they are charged to administrate. 


Possible solutions will need a complementary and co-ordinated approach of: 

- Innovation and harmonisation of regulatory measures 

- Innovation in organisation and logistics 

- Innovation in transport means 

In the FREDERIC accompanying measure the three main stakeholders are joining forces. Cities’ political 

decision-makers, European vehicle manufacturers, users of transport through shipper’s and transport 

providers will take a leading role in these efforts and will invite other stakeholders to take part in the 

activities. The scientific aspects of the project will be supported by a non profit association devoted to 

improvement of urban services and sustainable mobility. 

A first successful outcome of this proposed one-year program will be the establishment of a joint vision of 

all stakeholders on urban freight delivery. Secondly should be defined R&D needs to come towards the 

implementation of this joint vision on organisational, technical, political, logistical and industrial level. 


FREDERIC accompanying measure is oriented towards the development of innovative transport, 

organisational and planning systems that could respond to the new requirements of sustainable mobility 

and transport in Cities considering that the current offer does not totally meet these requirements 

FREDERIC will define the framework of the innovations that all urban transport stakeholders would 

accept to experiment in the next years and this process should be able to significantly innovate in the 

economy and organisation of the sector: 

Coordinator 

Laurence DOUVIN Tel: + 33 1 42 76 58 97 

IMPACTS Europe President Fax + 33 1 42 76 48 82 

Mairie de Paris Email : laurence.douvin@mairie-paris.fr 

9, Place de l’Hotel de Ville 

75196 PARIS RP 

France 

292


Participants 

ACEA-EUCAR : rue du Noyer, 211, B–1000 Brussels, Contact person : Thomas SPOORMANS 

URBA 2000 : rue du Ranelagh, 39, F-75016 PARIS, Contact person : Jean-Louis GRAINDORGE 

European Shippers Council (ESC), rue Wiertz, 50 B-1050 Brussels 

293


ISHTAR (Integrated Software for Health, Transport efficiency and Artistic heritage 

Recovery) 



Project URL: http://www.ishtar-fp5-eu.com/ Duration: 36 Months 


European cities face common challenges concerning their quality of life: degradation of the urban 

environment, significant risks for citizens health, traffic congestion causing stress and economic 

inefficiency, progressive damage of the artistic and monumental heritage. Additional difficulties derive 

from the lack of integrated tools that allow cities to make balanced decisions on a wide range of issues. 

The aim of ISHTAR Project is to build an advanced software suite for the analysis of the effects of short 

term actions and long term policies to improve the quality of the environment, citizen’s health, 

conservation of monuments. The suite will include both existing and newly developed models, covering 

the areas of citizen’s behaviour, transport, vehicles emissions noise and safety, pollutants dispersion, 

buildings related atmospheric emissions, health, and monuments degradation. These tools will find 

integration in the use of a GIS and user-friendly interface software. The models suite will be an 

innovative tool for advanced urban management and will allow the integrated analysis of the various 

environmental effects of technical and non technical measures. This will represent an attractive 

alternative to the usual separated analysis of the effects of such measures on the various elements of 

the urban environment. 

Scientific Objectives and Approach 

The integration of a large number of software tools and the creation of specific modules for the advanced 

simulation of key processes such as transport behaviour and its direct impacts on the urban environment 

will allow the build-up of an innovative and powerful decision support tool for urban policies optimisation. 

The achievement of a high spatial and temporal flexibility in the use of the tool will maximise the 

possibility of use from local short term actions to widespread long-term policies, thus being of interest for 

different categories of users. A high level of technical innovation, in terms of both development of new 

tools needed and balanced integration of these with existing and marketable tools, will create a new 

method and an innovative software tool for assessing urban policies. Specific modelling efforts will be 

performed in the representation of policies effects on citizens behaviour, in the integrated 24hr simulation 

of traffic emissions, noise and safety, in the microscopic analysis of air pollution effects on health and 

monuments. The maximisation of the European Added Value, deriving from a wide and geographically 

representative consortium, the development of Stakeholders oriented activities, based on a thorough 

organisation of dissemination, and the contribution to a widespread socio-economic issue, represented 

by the decreasing urban quality of life, will originate a potentially huge market for results dissemination 

and exploitation. The exploitation of the models suite will begin within the Project with the application of 

the tool to the analysis of measures tested in the seven involved cities: Athens, Bologna, Brussels, Graz, 

Grenoble, London and Rome. The designed strict coherence with EU Policies for Environment, 

Transport, and Urban Life Quality, together with the proper liaison with relevant Projects in the whole 5th 

FP, will guarantee the expected resonance of the project within EC research effort. 


The key result of ISHTAR Project will be the realisation of a multi-impacts models suite for the 

assessment of a wide menu of measures for urban life quality. The application of the tool to the 

measures tested in the involved cities will provide indication of tool usefulness, accuracy, applicability 

and estimation of impacts on health, environment, monuments. The users involvement will provide 

evidence of the impact of the performed research. The availability of the ISHTAR suite will allow in future 

public administrations and consultant companies to run integrated and advanced environmental 

assessment of short-term actions and long-term policies for the improvement of the urban quality of life. 

This twofold opportunity can bring environmental and health benefits on one side, and employment 

opportunity and improved efficiency of the urban system on the other. The main immediate beneficiaries 

of the new decision support tool will be the local authorities, having the chance of optimising integrated 

294


and not conflicting urban policies, and citizens living in cities where the recovery of public health, 

transport efficiency and artistic heritage will be carefully designed and measured. 

Coordinator 

Negrenti Emanuele Tel: + 390630484112 

Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie Fax: + 390630486611 

L'energia e l'ambiente E-mail: negrenti@casaccia.enea.it 

Divisione Sistemi Energetici 

per la Mobilita' e l'habitat 

Via Anguillarese, 301 

00060 S. Maria Di Galeria (Roma) 

ITALY 

Participants 

ENEA; I; Public Research; Project Coordinator Leader of WPs 3,7,10,11; www.enea.it 

ASTRAN; I; Private consultants; Assistant Contractor of ENEA; www.astran.it 

ROME; I; Municipal administration; Assistant Contractor of ENEA; www.comune.roma.it 

ISIS; I; Private consultants; Leader of WP1; www.isis-it.com 

WHO; INT; World Health organization; Leader of WP6; www.euro.who.int/transport 

STRATEC; B; Private Consultants; Leader of WP2; www.stratec.be 

BOLOGNA; I; Province Administration; Assistant contractor of ENEA; www.provincia.bologna.it 

AIRPARIF; F; Environmental Agency; Leader of Paris team; www.airparif.asso.fr 

CARTE BLANCHE CONSEIL; F; Consultancy; Assistant Contractor of AIRPARIF; www.cbconseil.com 

TRaC; UK; Academic Institution; Leader of WP9; www.unl.ac.uk/trac 

INRETS; F; Transport Research Company; Leader of WP8; www.inrets.fr 

GRENOBLE; F; Municipal Administration; Assistant Contractor of INRETS; www.ville-grenoble.fr 

PHAOS; GR; Private Consultants; Assistant contractor to ENEA; 

STA; I; Municipal Agency; Assistant Contractor to ENEA; www.sta.roma.it 

TU GRAZ; A; Technical University; Leader of WP4 and WP5; http://fvkma.tu-graz.ac.at 

APSIS; GR; Private consultants; Greek Contractor; www.apsis.gr 

YPEXODE; GR; Public Administration; Assistant Contractor to APSIS; www.ypexode.gov.gr 

ARIA; F; Private consultants; Assistant Contractor To AIRPARIF; www.aria.fr 

VILLE DE PARIS; F; Municipal Administration; Assistant Contractor of AIRPARIF; www.paris-france.org 

295


PLUME (Planning and Urban Mobility in Europe) 



Project URL: http://www.lutr.net/index.html Duration: 30 months 


Across Europe there is a common challenge to improve the quality of life in urban communities, and to 

ensure the competitiveness of cities, whilst promoting sustainable development. All cities face common 

challenges relating to air quality, noise, urban sprawl, traffic congestion, waste, economic 

competitiveness, job creation, security, social inclusion, and maintaining a deteriorating infrastructure, 

built environment and cultural heritage. At the heart of these issues is the fundamental question of how 

to improve urban planning, in particular the planning of land use linked to a more sustainable urban 

mobility. The question for urban policy-makers and planners is how to integrate these distinct disciplines 

at the policy level and operationally, given the different actors involved. The question has existed for 

many years, but has remained unsolved, mainly due to inadequate channels of communication between 

researchers, planning officials and policy-makers. A number of research projects exist that deal with the 

question of how to implement integrated strategies for sustainable development and sustainable urban 

mobility. There is now a major challenge is to ensure that the results of these projects are exploited to 

the full in the next few years by matching research outputs to user needs, enabling the means of 

information exchange, seeking agreement on best practice, and promoting the early introduction of new 

policies, measures and tools into urban and regional planning. 


The objective is to facilitate the transfer of innovation in the field of planning and urban mobility from the 

research community to end-users. The approach is based on a periodic synthesis of research findings 

and case studies, presentation of conclusions and recommendations to a selected group of local 

authorities and networks, and active exploitation of project results by national facilitators who will reach 

out to end-users to promote implementation of best practices. 


The PLUME network is an ambitious project to establish, for the first time, a network bringing together 

experts and end-users with the explicit aim of exploring and exploiting best practice in the field of 

sustainable planning, development and mobility in the urban areas of Europe. It is innovative in terms of 

scope, scale and the breadth of the involved actors. 

PLUME will assist cities in developing sustainable mobility strategies, improve health, enhance the 

environment, increase safety, improve accessibility and reduce social exclusion, increase efficiency, and 

enhance quality of life in all of these ways and by facilitating citizen involvement in transport policy 

development. 

The network will create the conditions for the widespread introduction of innovative policies, measures 

and tools for sustainable urban planning and mobility based on best practice. 

Coordinator 

Mr.David Blackledge Tel: +44 (0)1543 416416 

TTR Ltd Fax: +44 (0)1543 416681 

Minster House Email: enquiries@ttr-ltd.com 

Minster Pool Walk 

Lichfield 

Staffordshire WS13 6QT 

Participants 

Transport & Travel Research Ltd (UK) 

ITS, University of Leeds (UK) 

296


ISIS (Italy) 

POLIS (Belgium) 

297


PROMPT (New means to Promote Pedestrian Traffic in Cities) 



Project URL: http://www.vtt.fi/yki/yki4/prompt.htm Duration: 45 months 


Problems related to traffic, congestion, parking, traffic safety, noise and pollution, and to physical, 

functional and qualitative decay of our urban environment in general, are today particularly acute in 

European cities. Since the 1950's the trend has been in all European cities to become more and more 

car-oriented. Car traffic increasingly occupies public spaces of the cities and causes pollution, noise and 

casualties. This has happened despite many efforts to regulate it in cities. At the same time the share of 

the non-motorised transport modes is declining all over Europe, although bicycling in some European 

cities plays an important role. Several European policies bring forward the problems concerning quality of 

life, equality, parity of access to basic services, social inclusion, regeneration of urban areas, 

sustainability of the urban environment, pollution, condition of buildings, public spaces, cultural heritage 

and the balance of the urban system. The increase of the use of cars in our cities is one significant cause 

for all these problems. A revival of walking in cities would be a simple and natural way to remedy many of 

the above-mentioned problems. It would reduce the use of cars and enhance the use of public transport 

and thus decrease the pollution load. It would also promote the social life in the public spaces and 

improve the parity of citizens. The promotion of walking would also have many other positive 

consequences by, for example, improving citizens' physical condition and opening again their eyes to the 

details and richness of the surrounding nature and physical milieu. However, the problem remains how to 

effectively promote city walking. 


The main goal of PROMPT is to promote walking in cities. Its concrete objective is to develop for that 

purpose new innovative tools and generic solutions for city actors involved in urban planning and design 

as well as decision making. The approach of the project is to consider all the causes enhancing or 

hindering walking in parallel. The scope ranges from the overall urban structure to the detailed street 

level. The tools and solutions are aimed at problem identification, design and planning as well as 

implementation of the considered measures in different local or European wide situations. The project is 

based on the analysis of certain existing towns in the participating countries and of some relevant case 

areas in them. 

The analysis is made according to six different themes: 

1. safety, 

2. accessibility, 

3. comfort, 

4. attractiveness, 

5. intermodality and 

6. implementation. 

Although one can promote walking by considering each of these issues one by one, it is crucial to 

consider how they work together: the whole is not the sum of its parts. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach 

is utilised to find good comprehensive solutions for the identified problems. Different user categories, 

climatic conditions, different situations in the urban structure and cultural values of the site are also taken 

into account in the analysis. 


The planners', designers' and decision makers' knowledge about how to promote walking in practice is 

being considerably improved through the establishment of new tools and solutions and their effective 

dissemination during and after the project. This, in turn, is expected to increase the share of walking in 

the future transport bringing along the benefits stated above. The main benefits will be the decrease of 

harmful impacts on the environment as well as the improvement of the accessibility to the public spaces, 

the health of the citizens, and their equality regardless of car ownership, health or disability. The increase 

of walking means also reductions in vehicle and road investments. Further, it means fewer costs in 

298


pollution abatements, less accidents and injuries and less damages in buildings. The impacts are difficult 

to quantify beforehand, but the project aims also at making some more concrete estimation of them. The 

main beneficiaries are the citizens themselves as well as the city authorities in many ways. 

Coordinator 

Saarela, Asko Tel: +35894564970 

Technical Research Centre of Finland Fax: +35894552126 

Communities and Infrastructure E-mail: asko.saarela@vtt.fi 

1 Sahkomiehentie 3 

Po Box 19041 

2044 Espoo 

Finland 

Participants 

Dipartimento di Progettazione e Scienze Dell’architecttura Organisation: Universita' Degli Studi di Roma Tre Via Madonna Dei 

Monti 40 154 Roma Italy Contact: Quilici, Vieri 

Transport Engineering Civil and Environmental Engineering Organisation: Foundation for Technical and Industrial Research at the 

Norwegian Institute of Technology Klaebuveien 153 Norway Contact Person: Knudsen, Tore 

Ingenieursbüro für Verkehrsplanung W. Hüsler Ag Olgastraße 48001 Zürich Switzerland Contact Person: Hüsler, Willi 

Département Voirie Organisation: Centre d'etudes sur les Reseaux, les Transports, l'urbanisme et les Constructions Publiques Rue 

Juliette Récamier 9 69456 Lyon France Contact Person: Ellenberg, Marc (Mr) 

Centre de Recherche en Architecture et Urbanisme - Section Urbanisme Département D'architecture - Faculté Des Sciences 

Appliquées Organisation: Université de Liège 

Quai Banning 6 4000 Liège Belgium Contact Person: Legros, Willy 

299


PROPOLIS (Planning and Research of Policies for Land Use and Transport for 

Increasing Urban Sustainability) 



Project URL: http://www.Itcon.fi/propolis/index.htm Duration: 38 months 


More than three-quarters of the population of Western Europe live in cities. Their quality of life, health as 

well as safety are to a considerable extent affected by the environmental quality, provision of and access 

to services, and safety of their home cities. Part of the economic efficiency of urban regions is lost due to 

urban congestion and pollution. Methodologies are needed for predicting and mitigating negative 

changes and for bringing about positive ones. PROPOLIS project addresses these issues by enabling 

the prediction of the impacts of urban transport and land use policies. The problems of growing traffic 

and the sprawl of urban areas together with the associated adverse environmental, social and economic 

impacts are experienced everywhere in Europe. Therefore, accumulating know-how, developing 

methodologies and searching for sustainable urban policies is no doubt of strategic importance and a 

field meriting a European-wide approach and concentration of know-how and resources. ROPOLIS 

contributes to the implementation of many of the EU's policies, especially environment, energy and 

transport. It also addresses questions of European wide interest and of strategic importance. 


The objective of PROPOLIS is to research, develop and test integrated land use and transport policies, 

tools and comprehensive assessment methodologies in order to define sustainable long-term urban 

strategies and to demonstrate their effects in European cities. The work is executed through developing 

a set of indicators measuring the environmental, social and economic components of sustainability. 

Values for these indicators are calculated using enhanced urban land use and transport models and new 

GIS and Internet based modules. A decision support tool is used to evaluate the sets of indicator values 

in order to arrive at aggregate environmental, social and economic indices for the alternative policy 

options. To include the long run land use effects a time horizon of 20 years or more is used. The 

innovations of the PROPOLIS project are related to the integrated and comprehensive approach, to the 

common framework for analysis with different land use and transport models, to the combination of 

strategic interactive land use and transport models and GIS techniques. The feedback from the attributes 

of environmental quality to the locating process of households and firms is part of the innovation. The 

approach is also likely to produce innovative policy recommendations, as the system is able to reveal the 

interactions and multiplier effects by following the impact chains in the system. 


PROPOLIS approach is used to systematically analyse policy options in 7 European cities to reach 

general recommendations for optimum combinations of different policy types. The strategies improve 

urban sustainability in general and radically reduce urban pollution and congestion without compromising 

economic efficiency and social sustainability. The benefits at the European level are mostly related to the 

general conclusions and recommendations for European urban regions. Efficiency increase will lead to 

improved competitiveness and employment, to better economy and welfare. The project also produces a 

set of well-defined indicators for use for benchmarking purposes throughout Europe. The national and 

local authorities in the case city regions benefit from the project by having updated and enhanced urban 

models and evaluation system available for their use. This system can be used when planning new 

policies, plans or large-scale projects. The system is especially well suited for environmental impact 

assessments, which are forced by law for any large-scale project. The achievement of the goal - to 

specify and demonstrate the effects of long term strategies that could be generally adapted in different 

European urban regions - would lead the way to better environment, land use patterns, transport 

systems, economy and social conditions for European citizens - towards sustainable development. 

Coordinator 

Lautso, Kari (M.Sc., Lic.Tech.) Tel: +3589615811 

Lt - Consultants Ltd. Melkonkatu 9 Fax: +358961581430 

300


00210 Helsinki E-mail: kari.lautso@ltcon.fi 

Finland URL: www.ltcon.fi 

Participants 

Bartlett School of Architecture and Planning Organisation: University College London Gower Street WC1E 6BT London United 

Kingdom Contact Person: Vickers, Ilse 

Stratec S.A. 156 Avenue Lacomble 69-71/8 1030 Bruxelles Belgium Contact Person: Duchateau, Hugues (Mr.) 

Institut für Raumplanung - Fakultät Raumplanung Organisation: Universitaet Dortmund 6 August-Schmidt-Strasse 6 44221 

Dortmund Germany Contact Person: Groh, Dietrich 

Trt Trasporti e Territorio Srl Via Rutilia, 10/8 20146 Milano Italy Contact Person: Maffii, Silva 

Marcial Echenique and Partners Ltd. High Street 49-51 Cb2 2hz Cambridge – Trupington United Kingdom Contact Person: 

Williams, Ian (Mr) 

Transport and Urban Planning Department Organisation: Marcial Echenique Y Compania Sa C/ Cristobal Colón 8b 48990 Getxo – 

Vizcaya Spain Contact Person: Burgos Cid, Jose Luis 

301


PROSPECTS (Procedures for recommending optimal sustainable planning of European 

city transport systems) 



Project URL: http://www.ivv.tuwien.ac.at/projects/prospects.html Duration: 36 months 


PROSPECTS is designed to help city authorities meet the challenges set in "The Common Transport 

Policy" which advocates the achievement of sustainable mobility. Sustainability in that sense is currently 

jeopardised by the growth in car ownership and use, the parallel dominance of road vehicles in freight 

transport, and the decentralisation of urban land use. The resulting problems include congestion, which 

is extending over longer period and larger areas; increased pollutants, noise and visual intrusion; higher 

levels of fuel consumption, and hence carbon dioxide emissions, adversely affecting the global 

environment; higher numbers of road accidents; reduced accessibility by public transport and lower 

quality journeys on foot and by cycle, thus aggravating problems of social exclusion; and, though all of 

these, a deterioration in quality of life and in the efficiency of the urban economy. City authorities have 

available an increasing range of policy measures to tackle these problems and are actively seeking 

integrated solutions. However, it is often difficult to identify that combination of measures, which will 

achieve the optimal strategy for a particular city. Moreover, there are several barriers to implementing 

optimal strategies, including practical problems, lack of legislation, division of responsibilities, lack of 

finance and, above all, lack of public acceptance. 


The principal objective of PROSPECTS is to provide cities with the guidance, which they need in order to 

generate optimal land use and transport strategies to meet the challenge of sustainability in their 

particular circumstances. The sub-objectives, each of which is associated with a separate technical Work 

Package, are to identify the decision making needs of cities. To assess and enhance evaluation tools to 

aid decision making. To assess and enhance forecasting and analysis tools for the land use/transport 

system. To publish a Decision-Makers' Guidebook and supporting Methodological and Policy 

Guidebooks. To disseminate the results and exploit the three Guidebooks and the enhanced tools. 

The first Work Package involves defining cities' policy objectives, underlying trends and future scenarios, 

policy options, decision making processes and barriers to implementation. These are identified initially 

with the Core Cities and then tested through the wider survey. The second Work Package focuses on the 

tools necessary for evaluating strategies against the specified objectives, identifying optimal strategies in 

terms of these objectives, and presenting information to decision makers and the public in an easily 

interpreted form. It develops current methods for multi-criteria analysis and optimisation against objective 

functions, and extend their application to land use measures. It uses GIS tools to aid presentation of 

results. The third Work Package develops existing forecasting and analysis tools. It starts with a review 

of the requirements arising from the review of decision making requirements, and the ability of existing 

tools to meet those requirements. It then develops existing policy explorers and sketch planning models 

for application and testing in the six Core Cities, and enhances four existing Core City land use/transport 

interaction models. The models are used both to illustrate decision making methods and to test policy 

options. 


The principal outputs are provided by the fourth Workpackage, which produces the three Guidebooks. 

The first of these is a Decision-Makers' Guidebook, designed for politicians, senior officials and the 

public, and outlining the approach to decision making, the policy options, and the support tools available. 

The second, the Methodological Guidebook, is designed for professionals, and provides more extensive 

advice on the support tools for evaluation, forecasting and analysis. The third, the Policy Guidebook, 

describes current experience with the full range of policy options, and is of interest to politicians, 

professionals and the public. The three Guidebooks, covering decision making, methodology and policy 

advice, will be designed for ease of use by city authorities, and by the public in their cities. The advice 

will enable them to enhance sustainability, the environment, social inclusion and quality of life through 

the design of more effective land use and transport strategies. In addition it should help in improving the 

efficiency and accessibility of the transport system, hence reducing costs and increasing 

302


competitiveness. Our work in OPTIMA and FATIMA identified strategies, which increased economic 

efficiency by 20-30% over previously preferred strategies, using transport policy measures alone. We 

would expect to be able to improve further on this by including land use measures and we will assess the 

potential scale of these benefits for all our Core Cities. The advice will also help to identify the key 

barriers to implementation, and the case for overcoming them, thus facilitating the achievement of 

optimal strategies. In all of these ways cities' competitiveness, both economically and as places to live, 

should be significantly enhanced. 

Coordinator 

Barjonas, Laura Tel: +441132334090 

University of Leeds Fax: +441132333090 

Institute For Transport Studies E-mail: m.hamilton@adm.leeds.ac.uk 

Woodhouse Lane 

LS2 9JT Leeds 


Participants 

Communities and Infrastructure Organisation: Technical Research Centre of Finland 1 Sahkomiehentie 3 Po Box 1904, 12044 

Espoo Finland Contact Person: Saarela, Asko 

Department of Infrastructure and Planning Organisation: Royal Institute of Technology Fiskartorpsv. 15a, 100 44 Stockholm 

Sweden Contact Person: Flodström, Anders 

Institut für Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrstechnik Organisation: Technische Universitaet Wien 30/231 Gusshausstrasse 30/231 

1040 Wien Austria Contact Person: Knoflacher, Hermann 

Institute for Transport Economics Grensesvingen 7 602 Oslo Norway Contact Person: Oestmoe, Knut 

David Simmonds Consultancy Jesus Lane 10 CB5 8BA Cambridge United Kingdom Contact Person: Simmonds, David 

The Mva Limited Victoria Way Mva House GU21 1DD Woking United Kingdom Contact Person: Samter, Daniel 

Transport Department Organisation: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria Spain Contact Person: de La Plaza, 

Saturnino 

303


SCATTER (Sprawling cities and transport: from evaluation to recommendations) 


Contract Type: Share cost RTD contract End Date: 30-06-2004 

Project URL: http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/scatter/ Duration: 30 months 


Urban sprawl is a common problem encountered in Europe. It induces high level of car use, increased 

trip lengths and, usually, congestion on roads giving access to city centres. To limit the damages caused 

by urban sprawl in terms of congestion, air pollution and energy consumption, numerous European cities 

are implementing suburban public transport services, such as heavy or light rail. But by improving the 

accessibility, they create an incentive for a new wave of urban sprawl. 

Therefore, in parallel with these new public transport services, accompanying measures have to be 

elaborated and implemented, in order to prevent, mitigate or control urban sprawl. The proposed project 

tackles this issue in which land use and transport are closely mixed up. The key aim of the project is to 

promote sustainable development. In addressing transport, land-use and environment in urban context, 

SCATTER covers the most important threats to the well being of the majority of European citizens. 


The first stage of the work is to improve the understanding of the mechanisms of urban sprawl and its 

effects. WP1has carried out a state-of the-art review of urban sprawl impacts and urban sprawl 

measurement techniques. WP2 has carried out a systemic analysis of urban sprawl on the basis of 

interviews of experts and local/regional authorities, in 6 case cities: Brussels, Stuttgart, Bristol, Helsinki, 

Rennes and Milan. WP3 has carried out a statistical analysis of urban sprawl effects (population and job 

location, trip demand pattern) in the 6 case cities, using time series data. 

The second stage of the project is to carry out a review of measures aiming to wrestle with urban sprawl 

(WP4). The review will include a bibliographical review and travels to the USA. American cities have 

been subject to urban sprawl for a longer time that those in Europe and an extensive work already exists 

there. WP4 will also include a review of the institutional barriers and a critical analysis of innovative ways 

of cooperation between different institutional players. WP4 will end with selecting the measures to be 

evaluated in the next stage of the project. 

The third stage of the project is the quantitative evaluation of measures aiming to prevent, mitigate or 

control urban sprawl, as accompanying measures for cities implementing suburban public transport. To 

do that, simulations will be carried out using integrated land-use/transport models, in a sub-set of 3 case 

cities (Brussels, Stuttgart, and Helsinki). (WP5). WP6 will carry out the quantitative assessment of 

measures, using a common evaluation framework specifically designed. 

Then, WP7 will provide concrete recommendations to local/regional authorities, on how to design 

accompanying measures and policies. WP7 will also design an “urban sprawl monitoring tool”, 

addressed to concerned European cities. WP7 will also provide each of the 6 case cities with a practical 

programme of measures. In parallel with the technical workpackages, WP8 will step up a group of end 

users (cities) and organise 2 workshops to involve them in the research. 


The key output will be a document setting up recommendations to European cities facing urban sprawl, 

about accompanying measures and policies aiming to prevent, mitigate or control urban sprawl, in order 

to meet the needs of a sustainable urban development. The recommendations will consist of best 

practices as regards policies, together with an evaluation of their impacts and overall efficiency, possible 

barriers to implementation (in particular institutional barriers), and possible negative side effects. 

SCATTER will also design an “urban sprawl monitoring tool” addressed to local/regional authorities. 

Finally, SCATTER will apply the research outcomes to elaborate practical programmes 

of measures for the 6 case cities. 

Web site : http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/scatter/ 

304


Coordinator 

Mrs Sylvie Gayda Tel: +32 (0)2 738 78 79 

STRATEC SA Fax: +32 (0)2 735 49 17 

Brussels Email: s.gayda@stratec.be 

Belgium URL : www.stratec.be 

Participants 

STRATEC s.a., Avenue Adolphe Lacomblé 69-71, 1030 Bruxelles, Belgium – Contact person : Sylvie Gayda 

STASA Steinbeis Transfer Centre Applied System Analysis, Schoenbergstrasse 15, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany – Contact person : 

Guenter Haag 

CASA Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United 

Kingdom – Contact person : Michael Batty 

LT consultants Ltd, Melkonkatu 9, 00210 Helsinki, Finland – Contact person : Kari Lautso 

CERTU Centre d’Etudes sur les Réseaux, les Transports, l’Urbanisme et les constructions publiques, Rue Juliette Récamier 9, 

69456 Lyon cedex 06, France – Contact person : Claude Noël 

TRT Trasporti e territorio Srl, Via Rutilia 10/8, 20146 Milano, Italy – Contact person : Angelo Martino 

STRAFICA Ltd, Luutnantintie 5F, 00410 Helsinki, Finland – Contact person : Paavo Moilanen 

CETE de l’Ouest – Centre d’Etudes Techniques de l’Equipement de l’Ouest, Rue René Viviani, BP 46223, 44262 Nantes cedex 2 – 

Contact person : Rémi Dormois 

305


SUTRA (Sustainable urban transportation) 



Project URL: http://www.ess.co.at/SUTRA/ Duration: 36 months 


Transportation problems are among the most pressing strategic development problems in many cities, 

often a major constraint for long-term urban development in general. The Problems to be solved are the 

inefficiency of urban transportation systems and underlying land use patterns, which negatively affect 

quality of life, economic efficiency, and the environment; the high (and often hidden) costs of urban 

transportation in both socio-economic and environmental terms; and in particular the environmental 

consequences both in terms of physical aspects that include land and resource use, ecological aspects, 

and human health problems. Tools for comprehensive strategic analysis that are directly useful to city 

administrations are lacking. 

New strategies for sustainable mobility will require a combination of measures with impacts on improved 

land-use/economic development planning; improved planning, management and use of transport 

infrastructures and facilities; incorporation of the real costs of both infrastructure and environment in 

investment policies and decisions and also in user costs; development of public transport and 

improvement of its competitive position; continued technical improvement of vehicles and fuels; 

encouraged use of less polluting fuels; promotion of a more environmentally rational use of the private 

car, including behavioural changes. 


These problems can only be addressed with a consistent and comprehensive approach and planning 

methodology that helps to design strategies for sustainable cities. This will include an integration of 

socio-economic, environmental and technological concepts including the development, integration, and 

demonstration of methodologies to improve forecasting, assessment and strategic policy level decision 

support. 

From a technical perspective, the project aims to develop and apply an indicator based approach 

compatible with Agenda 21 and common indicators for urban sustainability for a baseline analysis, 

ranking and benchmarking (within the participating cities and across all of Europe) that will ultimately 

support a discrete multi-criteria selection mechanism. It will use traffic equilibrium modelling to evaluate 

alternative transportation policies, including multi-modal systems and their relation to land use, 

technological development, socio-economic development, and spatial and structural urban development 

(landuse scenarios) in general. Air quality modelling will be used to translate transportation scenarios 

and their resultant emissions into ambient air quality estimates and population exposure. Economic 

analysis and energy systems analysis and modelling using well established modelling approaches such 

as MARKAL, will identify and evaluate cost effective transportation scenarios, consistent with the larger 

economic and technological framework. 

Environmental impact assessment is used for the comprehensive evaluation of alternative transportation 

scenarios, using a rule-based checklist approach to cover environmental effects beyond air pollution, 

such as noise, waste including the complete life cycle of vehicles, space and resource requirements for 

the transportation infrastructure and its maintenance, and the effects of accidents. The long-term 

development scenarios, defined for each of the case study cities, will consider the current base line, a 

do-nothing scenario and a set of probable development strategies in terms of demographic, socioeconomic, 

spatial and structural (land use), and technological developments over the next decade and 

beyond (30 year horizon). 


The primary expected impact is to improve the quality of urban life, health and safety by contributing 

towards sustainable transportation in sustainable, economically efficient, attractive, enjoyable and 

liveable, cities. Solutions for sustainable transportation leading to the improvement of the quality of life in 

urban communities and the associated urban regions, and thus the competitiveness of European cities 

306


are the goal. A better information basis, planning and decision support tools designed for the direct use 

by city administrations is the means. Citizen and stakeholder participation in urban decision making 

processes, but also the underlying awareness building and educational aspects will be supported by 

making the project results available as a public information system on the Internet. SUTRA will also 

contribute to the implementation of European policies, Directives, and guidelines, including the European 

Community programme of policy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development 

(OJ C 138, 17/05/1993), the Air Quality Framework Directive (96/62/EC) and several Community 

Directives and communications related to transportation and sustainable development. 

Coordinator 

Fedra, Kurt Tel: +432252633050 

Ess - Environmental Software Fax: +432252633059 

And Services Gmbh E-mail: info@ess.co.at 

Kalkgewerk 1 

2352 Gumpoldkirchen 

Austria 

Participants 

Department of Environment and Planning Organisation: Universidade de Aveiro Campus de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro/Eixo 

Portugal Contact Person: Borrego, Carlos 

Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Organisation: Aristotle University of 

Thessaloniki University Campus, Egnatia Str. Po Box 483 54006 Thessalonki Greece Contact Person: Guiba-Tziampiri, Olympia 

Management and Marketing Department Faculty of Management and Economics Organisation: Technical University of Gdansk 

Narutowicza 11/12 80 952 Gdansk Poland Contact Person: Godlewski, Jan 

Unità Organizzativa Mobilità, Trasporti, Parcheggi Organisation: Comune di Genova Piazza Ortiz, 8 16128 Genova Italy Contact 

Person: Contursi, Vito 

Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell' Ambiente Ligure Piazza Della Vittoria 15c 16121 Genova Italy Contact Person: Elefante, 

Giovanni 

Logilab Centre D'ecologie Humaine et Des Sciences de L’environnement Organisation: University of Geneva Uni-Mail 40, 

Boulevard du Pont-D'arve 1211 Geneve Switzerland Contact Person: Vifian, André 

Department of Economics and Regulation Ministry of Environment Organisation: Government of The State of Israel Kanfei 

Nesharim 5 95464 Jerusalem Israel Contact Person: Komar, Ron 

Ptv Planung Transport Verkehr Ag Stumpfstrasse 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany Contact Person: Schwerdtfeger, Thomas (Dr Ing) 

Departamento de Investigaciones Organisation: Fundacion Universidad de Belgrano Zabala 1851 Piso 12 1426 Buenos Aires 

Argentina Contact Person: Navarro, Osvaldo 

Fondazione Eni - Enrico Mattei Corso Magenta 63, 20123 Milano Italy Contact Person: Siniscalo, Domenico 

Environment, Transport and Planning S. L. C/General Pardinas 112 Bis, 21006 Madrid Spain Contact Person: Lobo Merino, 

Yolanda 

307


TRANSPLUS (Transport Planning, Land Use and Sustainability) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-1999-00009 Start Date: 01-04-2000 Contract 

Type: Cost-sharing contracts End Date: 31-07-2003 

Project URL: http://www.isis-it.com/transplus.htm Duration: 40 months 


European cities are affected by pollution and congestion problems created by unsustainable transport 

patterns. This, to some extent, could be addressed in the long run by integrated land use and transport 

planning. The current problem to be solved is the lack of a consistent and widely spread bulk of 

knowledge and coherent institutional/action framework to integrate land use and transport policies at 

urban, regional and national level. This integration process is to be made towards common goals of 

sustainable transport and urban development. The lack of integration among 1) urban departments in 

charge of different policies, 2) layers of government -national, regional, local- with different planning and 

regulatory powers, 3) public administrations and citizens' associations or other private stakeholders 

interests, causes several socio-economic problems, including: 

• social tensions coming from the realisation of projects which do not meet people needs, 

• waste of economic resources which occurs when the impacts of non integrated projects are 

conflicting, 

• exaggerated exploitation of environmental resources due to an irrational city development, which 

fails to minimise space consumption and travel needs. TRANSPLUS addresses these problems 

through the analysis of best practice and planning tools aimed at reducing private car use, fostering 

public and non motorised transport modes. The main contribution of TRANSPLUS to the solution of 

the urban problems is to promote and monitor the replication on an European-wide scale of the most 

effective integrated solutions, i.e. those which can be easily transferred between different member 

states and applied without any significant modification to existing institutional frame conditions. 

TRANSPLUS highlights also the possible modifications to the organisational, legal, financial and 

other non-technical national frameworks, which might facilitate integrated approaches. 


The project embraces an integrated land-use and transport planning approach to manage transport 

demand and contribute towards the creation of a common understanding of the issues at stake and the 

possible ways to tackle them. TRANSPLUS initiates and fosters a continuous learning process involving 

consultants and European cities interested in exploring and adopting innovative policy measures. 

The research process is articulated as follows: 

1. System analysis of megatrends in urban development and strategic approaches towards sustainable 

transport. The latter includes three general categories -collective transport promotion; promotion of 

non motorised modes; restriction of motorised individual transport- and identifies specific strategies 

with close land use inter-relation; 

2. Learning process involving researchers and users for the analysis, for each identified strategy, of the 

overall planning and implementation cycle, including the design of specific measures and ways of 

gaining political acceptance, and the evaluation of final outcomes and side effects; 

3. Analysis of barriers to realisation and appraisal of structural compatibility and potential transferability 

of policies implemented in different contexts, based on the lessons learned in the analysis of 

significant practices; 

4. Analysis of different methodologies to promote citizens, stakeholders and users participation to the 

different phases of policy planning and implementation; 

5. Networking and dissemination activities supported by the development of a web site, realisation of 

an introductory brochure and subsequent newsletters, organisation of workshops enriched by the 

participation of interested cities, and the final production of TRANSPLUS guidelines. TRANSPLUS is 

included into a cluster of five research projects on "strategic approaches to integrate transport and 

land use planning". 


These include: 

• identification and evaluation of best practice case studies; 

308


• assessment of best ways to combine land use and transport policies in the urban context neutralising 

barriers, ensuring compatibility and transferability between countries and cities, based also on 

citizens participation; 

• identification and development of a consistent set of relevant indicators to evaluate the success of 

such policies; 

• identification of practical criteria for land use and transport policies/infrastructures impacts evaluation, 

apt to be included in the eligibility criteria for infrastructure projects which require the EU financing, 

and widely dissemination of them using the TRANSPLUS guidelines; 

• harmonisation of the national land use and transport planning and policy frameworks in EU Member 

States, thanks to the detailed knowledge of the barriers to the transferability of the most effective 

practices at the country and city level, and the identification of those potentially removable, produced 

by TRANSPLUS; 

• support to the application of the EU Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) directive in Member 

States, improving the knowledge about the typical environmental impacts of integrated land use and 

transport policies and projects, thanks to the analysis of best practices identified by TRANSPLUS; 

• Finally, promotion of the European Spatial Development Perspective in the EU Member States, 

thanks to the common understanding and awareness of new more sustainable planning concepts 

and practices at all the levels of government -local, regional and national- created by the 

TRANSPLUS research and dissemination work. 

The impacts listed above represent an overall improvement in the capacity to understand the viability of 

integrated solutions and their potential benefits in different frame conditions. But the success of any 

integrated solution depends on its practical application. This will be mainly reached through networking 

activities that ultimately will reach a significant sample of local decision makers. The idea is to supply 

them with valuable and constantly updated information on best practice, tools, indicators of integrated 

land use and transport policies. Interested actors will have the possibility to join the TRANSPLUS 

network, also beyond the project end, on a voluntary basis, continuing the exchange of information, 

know-how and strategic thinking about integrated approaches for sustainable transport and land use 

policies. 

Extension to Newly Accession States 

According to the targets of TRANSPLUS, an extension has been proposed to selected Newly Accession 

States (Proposal No EVK4-2002-00550 – TRANSPLUS-ACCESS). The objectives of the extension are 

to include new participants from some Newly Accession States (NAS), namely Malta, Poland, Romania 

and Slovakia, within the running project. The extension to NAS will involve additional activities 

concerning: 

• Assessment of both planning and implementation strategies; 

• Analysis of barriers, potential solution and their transferability; 

• Promotion of the integration of citizens and stakeholders in the urban decision making; 

• Networking and dissemination. 

Almost all the additional activities will be performed referring to specific case studies that each new 

partner will bring into the project. 

Coordinator 

Sessa, Carlo Tel: +39063212655 

ISIS- Istituto Di Studi Fax: +39063213049 

per l'Integrazione dei Sistemi E-mail: csessa@isis-it.com 

Via Flaminia, 21 

00196 Roma 

Italy 

Participants 

Bartlett School of Architecture and Planning Organisation: University College London Gower Street WC1E 6BT London United 

Kingdom Contact Person: Vickers, Ilse 

Transport Research Foundation T/A Transport Research Laboratory, Old Wokingham Road RG11 6AU Crowthorne United 

Kingdom Contact Person: Downing, Charles 

Transport and Travel Research Ltd.16 Bore Street WS13 6LL Lichfield United Kingdom Contact Person: Blackledge, David 

309


Institut für Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrstechnik Organisation: Technische Universitaet Wien 30/231 Gusshausstrasse 30/231, 

1040 Wien Austria Contact Person: Knoflacher, Hermann 

Langzaam Verkeer Minckelstraat 43a, 3000 Leuven Belgium Contact Person: Zuallaert, Jos: 

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Vital Decosterstraat 102 3000 Louvain / Leuven Belgium Contact Person: Oosterlinck, 

AndréForschungsbereich Verkehr Organisation: International Life Sciences Institute Europe Deutsche Strasse 5, 44017 Dortmund 

Germany Contact Person: Zuehlke, Werner 

TIS Transportes Inovaçào E Sistemas Rua Vilhena Barbosa 11 1000 Lisboa Portugal Contact Person: Viegas, José Manuel 

Institute of Industrial Technology - Delft Organisation: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Schoemakerstraat 

97, 2628 Vk Delft Netherlands Contact Person: Dekker, Jan Alexander 

STA Società Trasporti Automobilistici S.P.A. Via Ostiense 131/L, 154 Roma, Italy Contact Person: Balduini, Roberto 

Socialdata Institut für Verkehrs- Und Infrastukturforschung Gmbh, Hans-Graessel-Weg 1, 81316 München, Germany, Contact 

Person: Broeg, Werner (Mr) 

Département Mobilité, Organisation: Centre d'etudes sur les Reseaux, les Transports, l'urbanisme et les Constructions Publiques 

Rue Juliette Récamier 9, 69456 Lyon France Contact Person: Ellenberg, Marc (Mr) 

Département Transports Organisation: Centre D'etudes Techniques de l'equipement Nord Picardie, Rue De Bruxelles 2, 59019 

Lille, France Contact Person: Soubeiran, Jacques 

FaStu-Spectra Central European Training Centre in Spatial Planning, Faculty of Architecture of the Slovak University of 

Technology, Nam. Slobody 19 81245 Bratislava Slovakia Contact Person: Finka, Maros (Mr) 

IC Impact Consulting, Str.Odobesti,Nr.17,Bloc.V16,Sc.2,Et.4,Apt.78,Sector 3 Bucaresti, Romania Contact Person: Romosan, 

Ovidiu (Mr) 

UMT-University of Malta University Campus MSD 06 – Msida, Malta Contact Person: Mallia, Edward (prof.) 

IOS Institute of Environmental Protection, Branch of Gdansk, Poland Contact Person: Zalewski, Wojciech (Mr) ios@ios.gd.pl 

IGPiK Institute of Physical Planning and Municipal Economy, 9 Krzywickiego Str 02-078 Warsaw, Poland Contact Person: Sumien, 

Tadeusz (Mr) 

310

4.4.2 Comparative assessment and demonstration of novel transport forms and related infrastructure 

VELOINFO (The European Network for Cycling Expertise) 



Project URL: http://www.velo.info Duration: 18 months 


Cycling is a daily mode of transport that needs to be facilitated as other modes. When treated this way 

(and not primarily as a recreational vehicle), the bicycle can alleviate urban transportation problems. The 

bicycle induces the reduction of congestion, air pollution and traffic accidents. To stimulate cycling, cities 

must take a range of infrastructural and promotional measures. The essential expertise on how to do this 

is practically unavailable for most transportation professionals outside a small group of member states. 

General transportation networks, such as ELTIS, do not contain enough specific expertise on cycling 

issues since cycling plays only a minor part compared to other transport modes. 

Cycling policy, as an expertise, is new. It is not a specific curriculum in higher education; professionals 

learn by doing. There is a need for technical assistance. Standard procedures for urban planning give 

priority to motorised transport and neglect the needs of cyclists. 


The high-level objective of VeloInfo is: supporting local authorities and experts to accomplish sustainable 

urban planning by establishing a WWW-based expertise centre on bicycle planning policies and bicycle 

use, of which the usefulness and continuity is ensured. 

The usefulness and continuity of the expertise centre is ensured by (i) involving users and suppliers of 

cycling policy knowledge in the development of the system and (ii) making use of use of state-of-the-art 

technology for data storage, information disclosure and internet communication. Specific attention is 

given to creating a critical mass of content on bicycle policy information and use. The partners develop a 

sustainable business model to create a system that will continue to function after the project lifetime. The 

continuity of VeloInfo is guaranteed, by the combined force of industry, cities, expert institutes and cyclist 

organisations. 


VeloInfo will be a WWW based expertise centre that supports cities to incorporate the bicycle in urban 

planning. Access to expertise on cycling is essential to a local authority that wishes to increase bicycle 

use, by regarding the bicycle as an ordinary and daily mode of urban transport. VeloInfo has the purpose 

to become a key centre of expert and knowledge on bicycle planning, supporting all European 

professionals on urban planning, infrastructure and transport. 

A critical mass of content will be established that, on the one hand, ensures a sufficient coverage of 

cycling expertise according to experts and, on the other hand, contains the answers for at least 80% of 

the search requests of the users of VeloInfo. 

Cities will use VeloInfo to find bibliography and experts on cycling policy. Cities can also find other cities, 

to learn from each other’s experiences and best practices. New potential users entering the VeloInfo web 

site will be invited to use an interactive tool that helps them to find search terms and documents relevant 

for their specific situation. 

Besides, the guided tour tool gives a rough estimation of what can be achieved by implementing cycling 

policy, in terms of, e.g., reduction of exhaust emissions, congestion, and traffic safety. 

Experts will use VeloInfo to enlarge their expertise and to find other experts and local authorities that 

need support in developing cycling policy. All users participate in a network, which operates as a literature 

database, an expert system, and also as a discussion forum. VeloInfo thus offers a forum for the 

exchange of ideas, data, experience and expertise. 

311


Coordinator 

Participants 

Tel: 

Fax: 

E-mail: p.v.d.noort@chello.nl 

312




CYBERMOVE (Cybernetic Transportation Systems for the Cities of Tomorrow) 


Contract Type: Combined RTD/DEMO End Date: 30-11-2004 

Project URL: http://www.cybermove.org/ Duration: 36 months 


In many urban environments, private automobile use has led to dramatic problems with respect to 

congestion, energy (our dependency on oil resources), pollution, noise, safety and general degradation of 

the quality of life. Therefore, historical city centres are facing severe problems, with traditional commerce 

declining and moving to the periphery, and they become less attractive to tourists. Although public 

transport systems have seen many recent improvements (mostly due to information technologies), in 

many cases the car still offers a much better service at the individual level. This leads to a constant 

increase in its use, hence to non-sustainable development of urban transportation. Nevertheless, there is 

an increasing awareness that technology can contribute to a sustainable development of our European 

Cities if a global approach of sociological, economical, environmental parameters is attached to the 

studies on the mobility function. 


A new approach for mobility, emerging now as a complementary and generic solution to the private 

passenger car, offers the same flexibility and much less nuisances: small automated vehicles. They have 

the potential to form a part of the public transportation system and to complement mass transit and nonmotorised 

transport, providing passenger service for any location at any time. Such systems can also 

evolve to provide door to door freight delivery or garbage collection. Experiments are under way in 

several places in Europe and in Japan and the first operational system (the ParkShuttles) started in the 

Netherlands at the end of 1997 and is being expanded. CyberMove approach is to concretely confront 

Cities Authorities with such technologies through demonstration activities aiming to address a broad 

range of barriers such as: technology confidence, customs, landscape scenery, user-friendliness. 


The advantages of autonomous driving capabilities and the new transportation systems, based on 

environment friendly vehicles, are numerous: 

First, they provide reduction of congestion, and better traffic flow, air quality and energy conservation. 

Second, the system is much safer than manual driving, so there is no need for a drivers’ license and 

anybody can use it, including also people with handicaps and in particular elderly persons. 

Third, the cars can be moved easily from one location to another, using fully autonomous driving platoon 

formations with a single driver. 

Fourth, the cars can drive autonomously to a remote parking area when not needed, hence leaving 

valuable urban space free for pedestrians and cyclists. 

Fifth, the concept and technologies are also appropriate for delivery of goods in city centres and even for 

garbage collection: the same infrastructure could be used by specifically adapted vehicles with delivery 

(or collection) “boxes”. 

Finally, flexible design will make it possible to optimise the overall system performance, taking into 

account the needs and requirements of the private consumer, the system operator and the public (e.g. 

municipality), permitting the system to operate in different modes at different times of the day, week and 

year. 

Coordinator 

313


G. Gallais Tel: 33 (0)4 92 38 50 14 

INRIA Sophia Antipolis Fax: 33 (0)4 92 38 50 28 

2004 Route des Lucioles 06904Sophia Antipolis E-mail: 

France 

Participants 

Centro Richerche Fiat ScpA, Contact Person : ALESSANDRETTI Giancarlo (Dr.) 

FROG NAVIGATION SYSTEMS B.V. , Contact Person : VAN HELSDINGEN Carel (Mr) 

YAMAHA MOTOR EUROPE N.V. , Contact Person : MEISNER Tim (Mr) 

GROUPE D'ETUDES EN AMENAGEMENT / VALLOTTON - CHANARD ASSOCIES , Contact Person : CHANARD Thierry (Mr) 

Robosoft S.A. . Contact Person : DUPOURQUE Vincent (Dr) 

RUF DANMARK Contact Person : JENSEN Palle (Mr) 

CN SERPENTINE SA Contact Person : SAUGY Bernard A. (Dr) 

UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL, Contact Person : LOWSON Martin (Dr) 

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Contact Person : Mc DONALD Mike (Dr) 

NETHERLANDS ORGANISATION FOR APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH - TNO/Inro. Contact Person : MARTEN Janse (Dr) 

TECHNION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION LTD. , Contact Person : ZVIRIN Yoram (Professor) 

INSTITUTO PEDRO NUNES Contact Person : DIAS Jorge 

Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza : Contact Person : ALESSANDRINI Adriano (Mr) 

314


ECTOS (Ecological City Transport System: Demonstration, Evaluation and Research 

Project of Hydrogen fuel cell bus transportation system of the future) 



Project URL: http://www.ectos.is/ Duration: 48 months 


The stone-age did not end because of lack of stones. Probably the era of oil will end before all 

oil is used up. New technology has emerged but needs to be tested in full scale for reliability 

and its response to various conditions. The Icelandic economy is extremely vulnerable to oil 

prices and availability, but has access to rich sources of renewable energy. Therefore a large 

demonstration project is run in Reykjavik, Iceland during 4 years. IN 2003 a hydrogen fuel 

station will be inaugurated and run to serve 3 fuel cell buses for 2 years within the regular public 

transport system. During the technological test research will be carried out on the most relevant 

aspects of producing and using a domestic fuel. A consortium of leading European corporations 

within the area of hydrogen production and fuel distribution, vehicle manufacturing and relevant 

research join forces in Reykjavik, Iceland to perform a real scale comparative assessment of the 

effect of changing the transportation fuel-base from fossil fuels to regenerative produced 

hydrogen, using the technical performance as the background. The project serves as a 

forerunner to a larger plan of introducing hydrogen as the main fuel in running the Icelandic 

society. 


The objective is to get answers to crucial questions about the performance of fuel cells under 

Icelandic conditions, learn about hydrogen handling, information on fiscal costs, environmental 

costs and social costs and benefits of the combined aspects of hydrogen as a domestically 

made fuel. The ECTOS-project involves on these factors within hydrogen production, 

distribution, infrastructure and using fuel cell buses within the public transportation system. The 

research incorporates LCA for the equipment and the fuel chain, public and official acceptance 

towards using the technology and search for specific drivers and barriers for further 

implementations for hydrogen as a fuel. Also an air quality monitoring before and during the 

bus demonstration will be carried out and a small scale cost benefit analysis. An overwhelming 

majority of the public claimed to be positive towards hydrogen ideas in 2001. 


Icelandic authorities, European media, institutions and governments as well as NGOs have 

shown interest in the outcomes of ECTOS. Probably because the project acts as a forerunner 

for hydrogen applications in general. The test is large enough to be noted within the Icelandic 

social context, as well as being considered a European bench-mark. Gaining “hands on” 

experience is for many collaborating stakeholders a genuine “wave breaker” and brings hope to 

those who worry about climate impacts resulting from anthropogenic activities. 

Coordinator 

Skulason, Jon Bjorn (Mr) Tel: +354 588 0310 

Iceland New Energy Ltd Fax: +354 588 0315 

315


Borgartuni 37 

P.O.Box 8192 E-mail: skulason@newenergy.is 

105 Reykjavik web page: www.newenergy.is 

Iceland 

Participants 

Science Institute: University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik Contact Person: Sigfusson, Thorsteinn I. (Dr) 

Norsk Hydro, Notodden Asabygdoe, Alle 2 Po Box 2000240 Oslo Norway. Contact Person: Mr Kloed, Christoffer 

Department of Materials and Environmental Technology Organisation: Technological Institute of Iceland Keldnaholti, 112 Reykjavik 

Iceland. Contact Person: Jonasson, Hallgrimur (Mr) 

Retail and Distribution Organisation: Skeljungur Ltd. Sudurlandsbraut 4, 108 Reykjavik Iceland Contact Person: Gudmundsdottir, 

Margret (Mrs) 

Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems Liljeholmsvaegen 32, SE 101 58 Stockholm, Contact Person: Blinge, Magnus, Chalmers 

(Mr) 

Evobus Gmbh, Hans-Martin-Schleyer-Str. 21-5768301 Mannheim Germany. Contact Person: Manfred Schuhert (Engineer) 

Marketing And Developing Department 

Transport Organisation: Straeto The Reykjavik Municipal Bus Company Mjoddinni, 111 Reykjavik, Iceland Contact Person: Petur 

Fenger (Mr) 

Fuel Cell Project Organisation: DaimlerChrysler Agneuer Strasse 9573230 Kirchheim / Teck Germany, Contact Person: Dietmar 

Beck (Dr) 

Shell Hydrogen B.V.Badhuisweg, 31030 Bn Amsterdam, Netherlands Contact Person: Gabriel de Schreemacher 

316


EDICT (Evaluation and demonstration of innovative city transport) 


Contract Type: Cost-sharing contract End Date: 31-05-2004 

Project URL: http://www.edict.info 



There is an urgent need for sustainable forms of transport that will address problems of congestion, poor 

air quality and social inclusion in European cities. These should offer an alternative to the car, which will 

compliment existing forms of public transport. 

Those who do not have access to a private car should be entitled to a comparable level of comfort and 

flexibility in order that they should be able to benefit from economic opportunities offered at destinations 

not served conveniently at present. 

The EDICT project assesses and demonstrates the concept of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) as a 

potential solution to meet this need. The assessment is being undertaken in 4 European cities: Cardiff 

(Wales, UK), Eindhoven (Netherlands), Huddinge (Sweden), and Ciampino (Italy). Six further cities in EC 

and Accession countries will participate as ‘followers’. These are Sigtuna (Sweden), Bristol (UK), Almelo ( 

Netherlands), Reggio Calabria (Italy), Maroussi (Greece) and Olomouc (Czech Republic). Practical 

assessment of user and community benefits will be accomplished through full-scale demonstration in 

Cardiff. The results will be disseminated widely to provide information on best practice for assessment 

and introduction of PRT systems to improve future transport in Europe. 


The specific objectives of the EDICT project are: 

• To demonstrate and evaluate PRT in a European Capital City 

• To examine the opportunities for PRT for practical improvement of both public transport and the 

environment in four European cities. 

• To assess the environmental impact of PRT compared to other forms of transport, including energy, 

emissions, noise, visual intrusion, severance etc. 

• To assess the key social economic and cultural issues of PRT systems in Europe. 

• To assess, recommend and disseminate best practice for the evaluation and introduction of PRT. 

Studies to evaluate the technical, environmental, social and economic effects of PRT will be undertaken 

in four cities, of different sizes, location and transport issues against a common framework agreed at the 

start of the work. Each local study will involve the definition of a preliminary PRT route to match existing 

and projected transport needs and to integrate well with existing public transport. 

A demonstration of the PRT system will be undertaken in Cardiff (the capital city of Wales) so that public 

reaction can be assessed. ‘Follower’ cities will participate in and critique the project, thus gaining first 

hand knowledge of the benefits and issues that can confront cities introducing such systems. A leading 

Czech transport institute will provide insight into issues that are relevant to accession countries. Wide 

dissemination of the results during and at the end of the project will provide both the opportunities for 

extensive feedback on the work and means of making available the results of the work on a pan- 

European basis. 


The project will deliver: 

• guidelines for the assessment and development of PRT systems in other cities; 

• an assessment of the technical, environmental, social and economic benefits of the PRT concept in 4 

EU cities; 

• an assessment of the potential for PRT across Europe; 

• the direct benefits of a full scale demonstrator of a PRT scheme. 

317


Coordinator 

Mr.David Blackledge Tel: +44 (0)1543 416416 

TTR Ltd Fax: +44 (0)1543 416681 

Minster House Email: enquiries@ttr-ltd.com 

Minster Pool Walk 

Lichfield 

Staffordshire 

WS13 6QT 

Participants 

Cardiff Study Team: 

Cardiff County Council (UK) 

Advanced Traffic Systems (UK) 

Ove Arup & Partners (UK) 

Transport & Travel Research Ltd 

Eindhoven Study Team: 

Technical University of Delft (Netherlands) 

Province of Noord-Brabant (Netherlands) 

Advanced Netherlands Transport (Netherlands) 

Huddinge Study Team: 

Transek (Sweden) 

Huddinge Muncipality (Sweden) 

Logistik Centrum (Sweden) 

Ciampino, Rome Study Team: 

IT Ingegneria dei Transporti (Italy) 

Muncipality of Ciampino (Italy) 

European Assessment Team: 

IABG (Germany) 

Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca Transporti (Italy) 

Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (Greece) 

CDV Transport Research Centre (Czech Republic) 

Follower Cities: 

Almelo (Netherlands) 

Bristol (UK) 

Maroussi (Greece) 

Olomouc (Czech Republic) 

Reggio Calabria (Italy) 

Sigtuna (Sweden) 

318


MOSES (Mobility Services for Urban Sustainability) 


Contract Type: Cost-sharing contract End Date: 31-10-2004 

Project URL: http://www.moses-europe.org Duration: 42 months 


Cities suffer from increasing traffic – not only from air-pollution, noise, and the threat of accidents but also 

from the way valuable space is used, often in unattractive ways. The high density European City has a 

huge potential for improvements in the urban environment potentially leading to more resource-efficient 

and sustainable development. Transport and Mobility are key factors in strategies that can bring about for 

sustainable development. Improved vehicle and transport technology alone will not solve urban structural 

problems. 

A fundamental change in mobility patterns and the impacts on both the urban and global environment 

(e.g. CO2-emissions) can be achieved with a more rational use of the car. The implementation of modern 

mobility services such as Car-Sharing can become a key element of more car-independent sustainable 

mobility patterns. As a result, the use of urban infrastructure can become more efficient; housing 

development will need less parking etc. 

Specific objectives and approach 

MOSES will further develop Car-Sharing as a market-based mobility services to reduce the dependence 

on the private car – without restricting mobility. A key issue of the MOSES project is to integrate Car- 

Sharing into intermodal services and into urban development. The existing small-scale system of Car- 

Sharing is the starting point for significantly improved services. Its further development during the project 

will aim to integrate innovative technologies for user-needs orientated services, develop intermodal cooperation 

with other mobility services (e.g. public transport, taxi, cycling, delivery services etc.) and 

integrate these innovative services into strategies of urban revitalisation. MOSES is practice orientated 

and will examine the implementation under real-life conditions – with users in various Cities and under 

different conditions. MOSES will have sizeable positive impacts on the local environment and local traffic 

patterns. 

The research will focus on the factors of growth (in terms of technologies, service tools, awareness, and 

integration) for successful implementation and acceptance by customers. To enhance the impacts of the 

project, MOSES will deliver guidelines for further exploitation of the car sharing concept. 


In the MOSES project it is expected to achieve about 12.000 new Car-Sharers on all sites by end of 2004. 

Direct impacts will be reduced number of cars in the participating cities and more efficient use of 

infrastructure reduced mileage driven and higher use of environmentally friendly modes of transport 

(pollution reduction etc.). Indirect and more longer term impacts are expected through the studies and 

model projects aiming at the integration of car sharing into urban development (both new developments 

and regeneration) to recreate a more attractive urban lifestyle – as a precondition for sustainable urban 

development. 

It is assumed that in European Union Cities about 10% of private cars could be replaced within less than 

a decade – reducing the demand for parking space by more than 10%. 

At the EU-level a mileage reduction of about 30 – 50 billion kilometres annually could be achieved within 

one decade by these integrated mobility services– with an annual energy saving equivalent of about 6 – 8 

million tons of CO2. The potential of energy saving is comparable to capital intensive high-technology 

measures in other fields. 

The stakeholders for sustainable urban development will be addressed with a series of seminars at the 

MOSES sites, conference contributions, the MOSES website and some printed deliverables such as the 

final ‘Guide for Actors’. 

319


Coordinator 

Michael Glotz-Richter Tel: +49 (0) 421 361 6703 

Tina Klingberg Tel: +49 (0) 421 361 16956 

Senator for Building and Environment Fax: +49 (0) 421 361 10875 

Ansgaritorstr. 2 michael.glotz-richter@umwelt.bremen.de 

D-28195 Bremen moses@umwelt.bremen.de 

Germany 

Participants 

RATB, Bd. Dinicu Golescu 1, sector 1, 79913 Bucuresti, ROMANIA. Contact person: Florin Dragomir 

City of Palermo, Urban Planning Department - Environmental Group Piazza della Pace, 7901 39 Palermo, ITALY. Contact person: 

Antonio Mazzon 

Miljöförvaltningen i Stockholm, Box 38024, S-100 64 Stockholm, SWEDEN. Contact person: Sven Alexanderson 

Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP), Rue Sainte-Marie, 61080 Brussels, BELGIUM. Contact person: Line Juissant 

Universität Bremen, Zentrale Wissenschaftliche Einrichtung Arbeit und Region, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen, GERMANY. 

Contact person: Thomas Krämer-Badoni 

Cambio GmbH & CO KG, Humboldtstr. 131 – 137, 28203 Bremen, GERMANY. Contact person: Joachim Schwarz 

Bremer Straßenbahn AG (BSAG), Flughafendamm 12, 28199 Bremen, GERMANY. Contact person: Rainer Counen 

City of Bremen, Senator for Building and Environment, Ansgaritorstraße 2, 28195 Bremen, GERMANY. Contact person: Michael 

Glotz-Richter 

London Borough of Southwark, Chiltern Portland Street, SE17 2ES London, UK. Contact person: David Soman 

London Borough of Sutton, 24 Denmark Road, Carshalton, Surrey SM5 2JG, UK. Contact person: Jeff Wilson 

5T s.c.r.l., Corso Bramante 66/A, 10126 TORINO, ITALY. Contact person: Massimo Cocozza 

Comune di Genova, Mobility Transport Parking Directorate, Via di Francia, 116149 Genova, ITALY. Contact person: Vito Contursi 

TECMAV s.r.l., via Monti Vincenzo 4/7, 16156 Genova, ITALY. Contact person: Marco Mastretta 

Minister of Transport, Mobility and Energy of the Walloon Region, rue Brigades d‘Irlande, 5 JAMBES, BELGIUM. Contact person: 

Jean-Philippe Göbbels 

Espaces Mobilités, Rue de Londres 15,1050 Bruxelles, BELGIUM. Contact person: Dirk Dufur 

Centrum voor Positieve Aanwending, (Taxistop), Maria Hendrikaplein 65b, 9000 Gent, BELGIUM. Contact person: Geert Gisquière 

Stockholm MFO AB, Box 511, 16929 Solna, SWEDEN. . Contact person: Mikael Johansson 

Sustainable Energy Action, 42 Braganza Street, London SE17 3RJ, UK. Contact person: Chris Dunham 

320


NETMOBIL (New Transport system concepts for enhanced and sustainable personal 

mobility) 

Project Reference: EVK4-CT-2002-80010 Start Date: 01/02/2003 

Contract Type: Accompanying Measure End Date: 31/03/2005 

Project URL: Not available Duration: 26 Months 


The ability to undertake personal travel is regarded as an important indicator of the quality of life. 

However rapid growth of personal car travel and associated costs to our health, society, environment and 

economy has put transport high on both public and political agendas. NETMOBIL will support a project 

Cluster effort into research and demonstration of a range of innovative urban transport systems: 

automated driving systems with on-demand and door-to-door capabilities, personal rapid transit, 

advanced driver assistance systems and automated vehicle guidance systems. 

The strategic objective is to support sustainable mobility by: reducing stop/start flows characteristic of 

urban areas through driver assistance and automation technologies; reducing urban pollution through use 

of automated electric vehicles; improving driver and passenger safety through driver assistance and 

automation technologies, and by developing high quality services through provision of door-to-door, 

demand responsive and high speed collective transport. 

These technologies offer the potential for both better and safer transport and an improved environment, 

providing the opportunity to improve the quality of life for the whole urban community, including both the 

user and the non-user of the system. High quality sensitively designed public transport services also offer 

benefits in terms of increasing accessibility and reducing social exclusion. By supporting partner Cluster 

project research, NETMOBIL is supporting the EU policy initiates for sustainable urban transport in 

Europe. 


The principal objective of NETMOBIL is to enable local and national government bodies, international 

organisations, industry and commerce, interest groups and individuals to obtain maximum benefit of long 

term sustainability from the results of research undertaken by the Cluster of research activities within the 

field of: automated vehicles, personal rapid transit, advanced driver assistance systems and automated 

vehicle guidance systems, as well as their underlying technologies. 

High quality research in the area of new vehicle technology for transport will be identified at regional, 

national and international level, and integrated within the NETMOBIL project. Synergies between the 

projects and common issues that would benefit from a co-operative approach, as well as gaps in research 

areas, will also be identified. The European potential would be determined and appropriate dissemination 

undertaken to encourage active exploitation of project results. New areas of research that will enhance 

Europe’s position as a research leader will be identified. 


The NETMOBIL Project will accelerate development and implementation of innovative urban 

transportation systems, through its support in bringing all the European actors of this field together to 

facilitate collaborative research into automated vehicles, to test and exchange best practices, share 

technological and regulatory development work, and disseminate information to the widest audience. 

This should result in a much quicker exploitation of innovative urban transport technologies, as well as 

releasing potential benefits of innovative urban transport system products and services within the 

Community. The quality of urban transport should be improved, offering enhanced environmental 

performance of vehicles and improved safety for transport users and the workforce, contributing to a 

better quality of life, better health and safety, a better environment and better employment opportunities. 

321


Coordinator 

Professor Mike McDonald Tel: +44 23 8059 2192 

Transportation Research Group Fax: +44 23 8059 3152 

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Email: M.McDonald@soton.ac.uk 

University of Southampton 

SO17 1BJ, UK 

Participants 

CONSORTIUM MEMBERS REPRESENTING CLUSTER PROJECTS: 

EDICT. Contact person: Mr Jo Baker. Email: jo.baker@ttr-ltd.com 

STARDUST. Contact person: Professor Mike McDonald. Email: M.McDonald@soton.ac.uk 

CYBERCARS. Contact person: Mr Georges Gallais. Email georges.gallais@sophia.inria.fr 

CYBERMOVES. Contact person: Mr Georges Gallais - Mr Georges Gallais. Email 

georges.gallais@sophia.inria.fr 

OTHER CONSORTIUM MEMBERS: 

TNO. Contact person: Dr Kerry Malone. Email: k.m.malone@inro.tno.nl 

IABG. Contact person: Ulrich Leiss. Email: Leiss@iabg.de 

CIRT. Contact person: Dr Paolo Delle Site. Email: paolo.dellesite@uniroma1.it 

INDIVIDUAL EXPERTS AND GROUPS: 

Bishop Austrans. Contact person: Laurie Bishop. Email: Laurie.Bishop@austrans.com 

CERTU. Contact person: Marc Ellenberg, Deputy Director, CERTU. Email: certu@equipement.gouv.fr 

ERTICO. Contact person: Paul Kompfner. Email: p.kompfner@mail.ertico.com 

Griffith University. Contact person: Ljubo Vlacic. Email: L.Vlacic@me.gu.edu.au 

ITS UK. Contact person: David Clowes. Email: djclowes@its-focus.org.uk 

Trans 21. Contact person: Lawrence J Fabian. Email: Lfabian@compuserve.com 

AIST ITS. Contact person: Sadayuki Tsugawa. Email: tsugawa.s@aist.go.jp 

322


STARDUST (Towards sustainable town development: a research on deployment of urban 

sustainable transport) 


Contract Type: Shared cost RTD End Date: 29-02-2004 

Project URL: http://www.trg.soton.ac.uk/stardust/index.htm Duration: 36 months 


Despite their differences, all European cities beyond a certain size are facing the same issues: air 

pollution, noise, congestion, management of waste, infrastructure maintenance, building maintenance, 

safety, viability of economic activities, protection of employment. 80 % of Europeans live in cities facing 

increasing problems of traffic pollution and congestion. Almost forty millions Europeans are annually 

exposed to pollution exceeding at least one air quality guideline. The problem is also reflected in the 2 % 

loss in GNP due to congestion and in the continuing growth of traffic. 

European cities have therefore to implement efficient strategies in order to improve the quality of life in 

urban and suburban areas, whilst reducing social inequity, increasing the participation of citizens in 

decision-making process, and finally contributing to improve the economic competitiveness. These are 

the main objectives of a sustainable urban development. 

The aim of STARDUST is to assess the extent to which ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) 

and AVG (Automated Vehicle Guidance) systems can contribute to a sustainable urban development not 

only in terms of direct impacts on traffic conditions and environment but also in terms of impacts on social 

life, economic viability, safety, etc. 

The majority of these systems were first designed to be used in an inter-urban context, i.e. on motorways. 

Now, progressively, they are considered for urban contexts and systems manufacturers are designing 

new prototypes adapted to urban contexts. For example, first Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems 

were designed to be used on motorways, at speeds higher than 50 km/h. So do the first marketed ACC 

systems. Meanwhile, however, other systems aiming to adaptive longitudinal control of the vehicle have 

been developed (at a prototype stage) for use on urban networks. This again confirms how much the 

work proposed in STARDUST is a topical question. 


STARDUST will carry out a global and quantified evaluation of the opportunity of the deployment of some 

selected ADAS/AVG systems. The selection of the systems to be evaluated will be made on the basis of 

a review of ADAS and AVG options to 2010. The impacts of the systems will be assessed at a city-level, 

in 3 case study cities, using semi-dynamic assignment models. The systems will then be evaluated, using 

an evaluation framework specifically set up, which will include environmental (congestion, energy 

consumption, pollutants emission,), social (safety, accessibility,), and economic indicators (accessibility to 

economic activities,). 

The originality and the strength of the STARDUST approach are to combine analysis at behavioural, 

microscopic and macroscopic level, so that the final recommendations will be based on the actual driver 

behaviour, rather than on theoretical views. Most innovative in STARDUST is the integration of end user 

potential acceptance analysis (by means of stated preference surveys), investigation of the human factors 

issues (using data from instrumented vehicles, driving simulators, and microscopic modelling) and larger 

scale assessment of the impacts, at city-level (using semi-dynamic traffic assignment models). Besides, 

the results of the impact assessment will be compared between three Northwest-European cities 

(Brussels, Southampton, and Oslo), which again highly increases the reliability of the final conclusions. 

Finally, STARDUST will also carry out a review and synthesis of the existing analysis on the legal and 

institutional aspects of the deployment of the selected ADAS and AVG systems. 

323



The final benefits from the project will be: 

• an improved understanding of human interaction with ADAS/AVG technology; 

• the re-calibration of large-scale traffic assignment models to represent the driver behaviour when 

supported by ADAS/AVG systems; 

• a quantified assessment of the impacts of large-scale deployment of the systems, in the 3 case study 

cities, and a global, comprehensive and quantified evaluation of the systems; recommendations to 

the interested stakeholders : the Commission, cities and local authorities, governments and regional 

authorities, car and systems manufacturers. 

Coordinator 

Prof. Mike Mc Donald Tel: +44-023-80592192 

University of Southampton, Fax: +44-1703-593152 

Transportation Research Group E-mail: Mm7@soton.ac.uk 

Highfield, 

Southampton SO17 1BJ 

UNITED KINGDOM 

Participants 

STRATEC, Avenue Lacomblé 69-71, box 8, B -1030 Brussels, Belgium, Contact person: Alain Henry 

SINTEF, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Transport Engineering, Klaebuveien 153, N – 7465 Trondheim, Contact person: 

Torgeir Vaa 

INRETS, Mail : BP 34, Offices : Avenue du Général Malleret-Joinville 2, F – 94114 Arcueil, Contact person: Stéphane Espié 

INRIA, La Route Automatisée, Mail : BP 105, Offices : Domaine de Voluceau, F – 78153 Le Chesnay, Contact person: Michel 

Parent 

California PATH Program, Institute of Transport Studies, University of California-Berkeley, Richmond Field Station, Building 452, 

1357 S. 46th Street, 94804-4603 Richmond, California, USA, Contact person: Mark Miller 

324

FP5 PROJECTS - JPods

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?