Universidad Nacional AutÃ³noma de MÃ©xico - CNyN

GENERAL PROGRAM 


1st International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials 

Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico, March 12-16, 2012 

“30 years of Scientific Research in Ensenada” 

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 

Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología 

I


CONFERENCE CHAIR 

Dr. Jesús M. Siqueiros Beltrones 

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE 

Dr. Gustavo Hirata Flores 

Dr. Enrique Sámano Tirado 

Dr. Noboru Takeuchi Tan 

Dr. Gabriel Alonso Núñez 

Dr. Mario Alberto Curiel Alvarez 

Ing. Pamela Rubio Pereda 

Dr. Felipe Castillón Barraza 

Dr. Andrey Simakov 

Lic. Margot Sainz Romero 

Dr. Jesús A. Maytorena Córdova 

Dr. Francisco Mireles Higuera 

GRAPHIC DESIGN 

LDG. Marina Curiel 

M.C. Sharon Sandoval 

EDITING 

Ing. Abraham Arias 

Ing. David Mateos 

Dr. Mario Curiel 

II

I International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials 

March 12 – 16, 2012, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico 


P R E S E N T A T I O N 

One of the main goals of the Symposium on Material Sciences traditionally held at our Center of 

Nanosciences and Nanotechnology now for 16 years is the academic exchange that takes place between our 

researchers and the students of our three graduate programs. The growth of our research programs is reflected 

in these meetings, which initially lasted 2 days while today we offer 5 days of academic activities, as will be 

experienced in the I International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials, which has been planned 

with renewed impetus and the same enthusiasm of the past 16 years. 

During the I International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials to be held from March 12 to 16, we 

will offer 15 plenary conferences by outstanding international and national researchers who have been invited 

to this meeting. We will also be able to attend 21 oral presentations, and 102 posters will be exposed. I invite 

you to appreciate the variety of subjects presented and the high level of research that is being practiced in this, 

our research center. In particular, we welcome the always important participation of our students. 

This event would definitely not have been possible without the time and effort of the Organizing Committee, 

which on this occasion is integrated by Drs. Gustavo Hirata Flores, Enrique C. Sámano Tirado, Noboru 

Takeuchi Tan, Gabriel Alonso Núñez, Mario A. Curiel Álvarez, Felipe F. Castillón Barraza, Andrey Simakov, 

Francisco Mireles Higuera, Jesús A. Maytorena Córdova, as well as Pamela Rubio Pereda and Margot Sainz, 

coordinated by Jesús M. Siqueiros Beltrones (Chairman). We wish to express our thanks to our administrative 

and academic staff and to the students who will participate in this annually held event, thus ensuring its 

success. Last but not least, we are especially grateful to the Coordinator of Scientific Research of UNAM for 

his unconditional moral and financial support. 

Sincerely, 

“POR MI RAZA HABLARÁ EL ESPÍRITU” 

Ensenada, B.C., March, 2012 

THE DIRECTOR 

DR. SERGIO FUENTES MOYADO 



III


CONFERENCE TOPICS 

Structural properties of nanomaterials 

Electronic, optical and transport properties of nanostructures 

Nanomagnetism and spintronics 

Imaging science and technology 

Micro and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) 

Carbon and related systems 

Quantum computing 

Surfaces and interfaces 

Thin films 

Synthesis of nanomaterials 

Biomaterials 

Nanocatalysis 

IV


SPEAKERS 

Leonel Cota 

CNyN-UNAM 

Francisco Zaera 

UC RIVERSIDE 

Ana Cremades 

U. COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID 

Osamu Terasaki 

STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY 

Sergio Ulloa 

OHIO UNIVERSITY 

Miquel Salmeron 

UC BERKELY 

Valery V. Fokin 

SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE 

Neha Singh 

J. A. WOOLLAM, INC. 

Rodolfo Zanella 

CCADET-UNAM 

Joseph E. Greene 

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

Juan Muñoz Saldaña 

CINVESTAV-QUERETARO 

Darío Bueno Baques 

CIQA 

Gleb Finkelstein 

DUKE UNIVERSITY 

Joanna McKittrick 

UC SAN DIEGO 

V


WORKSHOPS 

INTRODUCTORY WORKSHOP: 

Nanoscience and Nanotechnology for Beginners 

Dr. Leonel Cota 

Dr. Noboru Takeuchi 

ADVANCED WORKSHOPS: 

Spectroscopic Techniques 

Dr. Wencel de la Cruz 

Electron Microscopy Techniques 

Dr. Oscar Edel Contreras 

Vacuum Techniques 

Dr. Jesús Heiras 

VI


EXHIBITS 

Instrumentación y Servicios Analíticos 

S.A. de C.V. 

http://www.isasa.com.mx/ 

Agilent Technologies México 

S. de R.L. De C.V. 

http://www.agilent.com.mx/ 

Anton Paar México 


http://www.anton-paar.com/ 

PANalytical México - Spectris México 

S. de R.L. de C.V. 

http://www.panalytical.com/ 

JEOL de México 


http://www.jeol.com.mx/ 

http://www.smf.mx/ 

INTERCOVAMEX 

S.A. DE C.V. 

www.intercovamex.com 

Innovation in Surface Spectroscopy and Microscopy Systems 

SPECS Surface Nano Analysis GmbH 

www.specs.com 

VII


WEEK SHEDULE 

VIII

PLENARY SESSION 

PLENARY I 


30 YEARS AND COUNTING 

Leonel Cota Araiza 

UNAM - Centro de nanociencias y Nanotecnología 

Ensenada, B.C. 

leonel@cnyn.unam.mx 

The 1st International Symposium on Nanosciencience and Nanomaterials commemorates 30 years of 

scientific work of what is now known as CNYN. During this 30 year period it has been known by two other 

names: Laboratorio de Ensenada del Instituto de Física (1981-1997) and Centro de Ciencias de la Materia 

Condensada (1997-2008). In this presentation a brief summary of the development of this research center will 

be presented. The emphasis will be placed on the academic milestones that were achieved in order to make 

this project a viable one for UNAM. The role of instrumentation and the human resources that came together 

in this singular place will be the highlight of this unique story. In addition, the integration and the contribution 

of this Center to the local scientific and cultural development will be addressed. 

PLENARY II 

ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION OF METAL AND METAL OXIDE FILMS: A SURFACE 

SCIENCE STUDY 

Francisco Zaera 

Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA 

zaera@ucr.edu 

The thermal chemistry of several precursors used for the chemical deposition of thin solid films has 

been characterized following a modern surface-science approach, relying on the use of a number of 

techniques that include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low-energy ion scattering (LEIS), and 

temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Several families of systems will be discussed, includding the 

deposition of nitrides and oxides using early transition metal (Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta) amido complexes, the deposition 

of copper for interconnects, and the deposition of manganese films. 

Extensive stepwise chemistry has been identified in most cases. In the case of the ALD of titanium 

nitride films using alternate doses of TiCl 4 and NH 3 , XPS data indicated that a Ti 3 N 4 layer is always present 

on top of the expected TiN. The data suggest that the reduction of the Ti 4+ species may therefore occur during 

the TiCl 4 , not NH 3 , dosing step. In the case of the thermal chemistry of ethylmethylamido compounds, 

dissociative adsorption starts at around 450 K and involves a selective beta-hydride elimination reaction from 

an ethyl moiety to produce N-methylethylidenimine adsorbed species. Kinetic experiments using molecular 

beams and additional GC/MS analysis have provided additional insight on this chemistry, and identified new 

reactions roultes including reductive coupling and insertion steps. 

In the work on copper(I)-N,N'-di-sec-butylacetamidinate on Ni(110) single-crystal surfaces, a 

complex network of reactions were identified starting with the dissociative adsorption of the dimeric 

precursor and followed with the dissociation of a C–N bond at ~200 K to form 2-butene and N-secbutylacetamidinate, 

the latter hydrogenating around 300 K to N-sec-butylacetamidine. Further dissociation 

1


occurs around 400 K, as the copper atoms become reduced to a metallic state, to form acetonitrile and a secbutylamido 

surface species that reacts further at 485 K to release 2-butene, and by 800 K, only copper and a 

small amount of carbon can be seen on the surface by XPS. A temperature window between approximately 

350 and 450 K was identified for the clean deposition of the precursor on the surface: lower temperatures are 

insufficient for activation of the dissociative adsorption, and higher temperatures lead to continuous 

decomposition beyond Cu monolayer saturation. 

PLENARY III 

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SMALL DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF TRANSPARENT 

CONDUCTING OXIDES. 

Ana Cremades 1,a , D. Maestre 1,b , Javier Bartolomé 1,c , Cristian Vásquez 1,d , Manuel Herrera 2,e and J. Piqueras 1,f . 

1 Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 

Madrid, Spain 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, México 

a cremades@fis.ucm.es, b davidmaestre@fis.ucm.es , c j.bartolome@fis.ucm.es, d gc.vasquezv@pas.ucm.es, e 

zaldivar@cnyn.unam.mx , f piqueras@fis.ucm.es 

Keywords: TCO Nanostructures, Vapor-solid growth, Doping, Luminescence 

Indium, tin and titanium oxides are extensively investigated transparent conducting oxide materials 

with relevant technological applications in many fields, such as optoelectronic devices, solar cells, field 

emitters, or gas sensors. Recently, the synthesis and characterization of undoped and doped nano- and 

microstructures of these materials in forms of nanowires, nanorods, nanopyramids, or nanoarrows have 

attracted increasing attention, as the exploitation of the phenomena appearing at the nanoscale could spread 

their applications as nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices. However, although a reasonable control of the 

growth of nanostructures has been achieved, some relevant issues related to the growth mechanism are still 

open. Anisotropic growth, defect-induced growth, self catalytic growth, and oxide assisted growth have been 

suggested to be the driven forces of nanowire growth by the VS process. Recently, a dislocation driven 

growth mechanism has been proposed for indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO) nanostructures 1,2 and zinc 

doped indium oxide 3 . Effective or limited doping incorporation is another aspect directly related to the control 

of properties of interest for applications as luminescence, guide lighting behavior, and field emission. Beside, 

the adsorption of doping atoms to the surfaces of the growing nanostructures may cause inhibition of the 

crystalline growth as observed for Mn doped In 2 O 3 4 or SnO 2 5 , or even phase transformation of the host lattice 6 

as for V doped TiO 2 ,or ternary formation 3 as for Zn doped In 2 O 3 or Er doped SnO 2 . This contribution 

elucidates some of the former aspects for doped In 2 O 3 , SnO 2 and TiO 2 micro- and nanostructures grown by an 

evaporation-solidification method. The relationship between their structure and the electronic and optical 

properties as a function of the doping, with elements such as rare earths, transition metals, Sn or Zn, has been 

investigated. The structure has been characterized by SEM and TEM and the chemical analysis have been 

performed by means of energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Imaging and 

spectral cathodoluminescence have been used for the luminescence analysis. 

1D . Maestre et al. Crystal growth and design 11, 1117 – 1121 (2011) 

2D . Maestre et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 18083-18087, (2011) 

3J . Bartolomé et al. J.Phys.Chem.C 115, 8354-8360, (2011) 

2


4D . Maestre et al. J. Phys. Chem C 114(27) 11748-11752 (2010) 

5M . Herrera-Zaldívar et al. E-MRS Fall Meeting, Varsovia (Polonia) (2011) 

6C . Vásquez et al. XXXIII Reunión Bienal de la RSEF, Santander (España) (2011) 

PLENARY IV 

LOW VOLTAGE HIGH RESOLUTION SEM STUDY OF FINE STRUCTURES OF NANOPOROUS 

MATERIALS 

S. Asahina 1 , C. Xiao 2 , M. Klingstedt 2 , K. Jung 3 , H. Haesung 3,4 , K. Miyasaka 3 , 

Y. Ma 2 , S. Stevens 5 , H. Kazumori 1 , M. Suga 1 , F. Schueth 6 , R. Ryoo 4 , 

M. Anderson 5 & O. Terasaki 2,3, a 

`1SMBU, 

JEOL Ltd., Akisima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan 

2 Dept of MMK, Arrhenius Lab., Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden 

3 Grad. School of EEWS, WCU project, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 

4 Dept of Chem, Grad School of Nanoscience & Technology(WCU), KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 

5 School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK 

6 Max-Planck-InstitutfürKohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Plaz 1, Mülheim 45470, Germany 

a terasaki@mmk.su.se & terasaki@kaist.ac.kr 

Keywords: Nanoporous materials, Fine structures, Low voltage high resolution SEM 

Nanoporous materials have been synthesised for various applications. For the future material design 

and the utilization of their functions, studies of the fine structures of the materials are essential. The fine 

structures of nanostructured materials have been studied by high resolution transmission and scanning 

electron microscopies (HRTEM & HRSEM). Especially the surface fine structures have been observed 

through recent technical developments in low-voltage (LV)HRSEM, although many of them are electrical 

insulators. I will show fine structures of nanoporous materials such as zeolites, mesoporous silica crystals, 

gold nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow spheres, etc and discuss conditions how to obtain surface selective 

information of these materials by LVHRSEM. 

PLENARY V 

MAGNETOELECTRIC MANIPULATION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM CORRALS 

WITH SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING 

Sergio E. Ulloa 

Department of Physics and Astronomy and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, 

Athens, Ohio 

Spin-orbit interactions (SOI) result in interesting dynamical properties on electronic nanostructures 

in two-dimensions. These systems, accessible experimentally on metallic surfaces and semiconducting 

heterostructures, allow the exploration of symplectic symmetries on a host of measurable quantities. 

In particular, we will discuss in this talk how SOI result in interesting magnetoelectric effects at the 

atomic scale when considering adatoms on surfaces. We will discuss how quantum corrals made with 

magnetic atoms allow one to control the spectral properties of quantum systems located inside, via the 

application of moderate magnetic fields. The unique features of the electronic states in the corral allows for 

tunable cloaking and tunable Kondo screening effects, among other things. 

powerful alternative tools for probing electronic properties at the atomic scale. 

These properties provide 

3


PLENARY VI 

SOLID-VACUUM, SOLID-GAS AND SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACES: STRUCTURE AND 

DYNAMICS UNDER ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT CONDITIONS 

Miquel Salmeron 

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Materials Science and Engineering Dept. 

University of California at Berkeley. 

New revolutionary technologies are needed to produce clean and renewable energies, efficient and 

highly selective chemical processes (green catalysis), high capacity rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells and 

also to find solutions to environmental problems. For this it is imperative to develop new fundamental 

approaches to the study of the interface of solid materials with gases, liquids and solids, because it is in these 

environments that crucial processes occur that need to be understood to enable revolutionary discoveries. One 

way to control the structure of interfaces and their properties is through the design of materials of nanoscale 

dimensions, with specific shapes, size and compositions. It is also imperative to use techniques that make 

possible in situ atomic level structural and spectroscopic characterization of interfaces. Today we are entering 

a new era of interface science and technology as a result of novel technical developments. The experimental 

results obtained so far with some of the newly developed techniques are very promising and demonstrate that 

the goal of control and examination of the nanoscale properties of interfaces is within reach. I will illustrate 

this with examples from research carried out in my laboratory, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), 

and new photoelectron and x-ray absorption spectroscopies (PES) under ambient conditions. Applications to 

catalyst models, in the form of thin films, single crystals and nanoparticles will be examined for applications 

in catalysis and electrochemistry. 

PLENARY VII 

CATALYSIS AND COMPLEXITY IN NANOTECHNOLOGY: 

FROM MECHANISM TO FUNCTION 

Valery V. Fokin 

1 The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA 

fokin@scripps.edu 

Keywords: catalysis, organic synthesis, dendrimers, click chemistry 

Nanotechnology, as a molecular science, depends on the efficient methods for controlled and 

dependable assembly of complex molecular architectures. These molecular architectures store and transmit 

information and, therefore, have a desired function. To succeed in this molecular construction endeavor, one 

requires exquisitely selective chemical transformations that can reliably introduce various functional groups 

in the product. Catalysis is at the heart of chemistry and disciplines that directly depend on it, for harnessing 

the complexity of catalytic processes offers unprecedented potential for making them useful on both 

laboratory and industrial scales. Catalytic activation of alkynes with transition metals will be the central 

theme of the lecture. Alkynes are among the most energetic hydrocarbons, and transition metals enable 

selective and controlled manipulation of the triple bond, opening the door to the wealth of reliable reactivity: 

transformations of alkynes into heterocycles and into a variety of molecules with new carbon–heteroatom 

bonds. The combination of catalytic alkyne functionalization followed by manipulation of the resulting 

4


products allows one to proceed from a system with high energy content to a system of lower energy in a 

stepwise fashion, thereby enabling controlled introduction of new elements of diversity in every step. Various 

macromolecular architectures prepared using these methods are finding increased use in nanoscience, 

biotechnology, and materials science. 

PLENARY VIII 

APPLICATIONS OF SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY IN THE CURRENT AGE. 

Neah Singh 

Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is an optical technique used primarily for characterization of thin 

film thicknesses and optical constants. Bulk as well as single layer and multilayer thin films of dielectrics, 

semiconductors and metals can be studied using SE. Ellipsometry measures the change in polarization of light 

after reflection (or transmission) from a smooth surface. This change in polarization of light is in turn related 

to material properties such as refractive index, absorption, film thicknesses, resistivity, doping concentration, 

presence of surface contaminants/ surface roughness, crystallinity, composition, phase transitions, molecular/ 

lattice vibrations, anisotropy, etc. SE has been widely used in research for over half a century now, and has 

also found several applications in the industry in recent decades. In the last 15 years, there have been 

significant advances in instrumentation and data modeling capabilities that have helped establish SE as 

powerful, reliable and mature metrology tool. Moderrn ellipsometers are spectroscopic and typically cover 

spectral range in ultra-violet, visible and near infra-red. There are also tools available that extend the spectral 

range in UV to 137 nm and in IR to 33 microns. Last year ellipsometry was performed in the Tera-Hertz 

spectrum! As thin film applications continue to grow and become omnipresent in all walks of life, so does 

ellipsometry continue to find new applications. 

The range of applications is quite broad such as 

semiconductors, optical coatings, biology, chemistry, photovoltaic and flat panel display. Advanced research 

involves analysis of Mueller Martix data and characterization of anisotropic materials. An overview of 

ellipsometry methodology and applications will be covered in this talk. 

PLENARY IX 

GOLD NANOCATALYSTS: STRATEGIES TO INCREASE THEIR STABILITY 

Rodolfo Zanella 

Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 

(UNAM), A.P. 70-186, México D. F., 04510 México. 

Since the discovery in the late eighties that gold is catalytically active when it is dispersed as small 

particles on an oxide support, the preparation of gold-based catalysts has been widely studied. They are active 

in many reactions of both industrial and environmental importance. The most remarkable catalytic properties 

of supported gold have been obtained for the reaction of CO oxidation at ambient temperature. The catalytic 

activity strongly depends on the particle size and is the highest in the range of 1-3 nm. However it decreases 

during the catalytic run. Deactivation has been proposed to be due to nanoparticles sintering or to formation 

of carbonates adsorbed on the reactive sites of the catalysts. Hence, in spite of their good initial catalytic 

activity, these catalysts have still very few commercial applications. A way to overcome the deactivation 

process is to prepare bimetallic catalysts. The physical and chemical properties of bimetallic particles are 

5


usually different from their single metal counterparts and they significantly vary as a function of composition 

and particle size. The enhanced properties of bimetallic metal catalysts are generally attributed to either 

ensemble or ligand effects although other factors related to particle size effects and matrix effects, have been 

invoked. Some examples about the preparation of Au-Ag catalysts supported on TiO, by a new method based 

on deposition-precipitation, their characterization and catalytic activity in the reaction of CO oxidation will be 

shown [1]. Another way to overcome the deactivation process is to produce oxygen vacancies on the surface 

of the support particles. These oxygen vacancies generate crystalline defects that work as pinning centers for 

the gold particles. The steps on the surface of the support particles are also crystalline defects that could work 

as pinning centers for the gold particles. Theoretical calculations have demonstrated that the gold particles 

bind stronger to a defect-rich surface than to a defect-deficient surface and that a significant charge transfer 

occurs from the titania support to the Au particles, which could explain the catalytic activity of the Au 

particles for the oxidation of CO. To illustrate this kind of systems, the characterization, catalytic performance 

and stability in the CO oxidation reaction of Au/TiO 2 and Au/Y-TiO 2 will be discussed [2]. The Y-TiO 2 

supports were prepared by the sol-gel method and the Au supported nanoparticles were obtained from the 

DP–Urea process. 

[1] A. Sandoval, A. Aguilar, C. Louis, A. Traverse, R. Zanella, J. Catal. 281 (2011) 40-49. 

[2] R. Zanella, V. Rodríguez-González, Y. Arzola, A. Moreno-Rodríguez, ACS Catalysis 2 (2012) 1-11. 

PLENARY X 

FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF TM NITRIDES: DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR GROWTH OF 

SELF-ORGANIZED NITRIDE NANOSTRUCTURES 

Joseph E. Greene 

Departments of Materials Science, Physics, and the Materials Research Laboratory 

University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA 

Physics Department, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden 

Mat. Sci. Dept, National Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 

Cubic TM nitrides have wide single phase compound fields which can be exploited. We show results 

for vacancy hardening (not associated with film strain) in 3d group-IV TiN x (001): the hardness H of epitaxial 

layers increases dramatically, while the elastic modulus E and the relaxed lattice constant decrease linearly, as 

x is decreased from 1.0 to 0.67. Over the same x range, the resistivity (x) increases from 13 to 192 -cm 

due to electron scattering from N vacancies. In contrast, H(x), E(x), and (x) for 5d group-V TaN x (001) 

remain constant due primarily to the presence of isoelectronic antisites. While TiN and TaN are metallic, 3d 

group-III ScN(001) is a transparent semiconductor with an indirect Γ-X gap of 1.3 eV and a direct X-point 

gap of 2.4 eV. Reflectivity measurements from Sc 1-x Ti x N(001) layers show TiN is strongly reflecting up to the 

reflectance edge at ћ e = 2.3 eV, ScN is transparent, and e x 0.5 . Thus, hard decorative coatings with a wide 

palette of colors can be obtained. The extreme range of materials properties available in TM nitrides and 

related systems can be enhanced through the formation of self-organized superhard nanostructures consisting 

of commensurate nanolamellae, nanocolumns, nanospheres, and nanopipes. Self-organization strategies 

include controlled phase separation, surface-induced spinodal decomposition, surface segregation-induced 

renucleation, strain-induced roughening, surface anisotropy, and dynamic resputter yield amplification. As a 

6


final example, the Ti-B-N system, exhibiting a deep miscibility gap in the ternary phase diagram, is used as an 

archetype to probe reaction paths leading to the directed self-organized growth of "intelligent" hightemperature 

nanostructures (e.g., the hardness actually increases with temperature!). 

PLENARY XI 

MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS BY CONTACT MECHANICS 

AT THE NANOSCALE 

Juan Muñoz Saldaña 

Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, 

Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro. México. 

jmunoz@qro.cinvestav.mx. 

The measurement of mechanical properties by means of contact mechanics has a history of more 

than one century. During that time, the physical understanding of contact mechanics has advanced with the 

development of load- and depth-sensing indentation test systems that are capable of measuring in various 

mechanical modes at the nanoscale. The evaluation of physical phenomena has been extended to more 

complex cases than simply determining the hardness and elastic modulus of isotropic materials. In this talk, a 

review of nanoscale measurement capabilities, covering elastic, plastic and fracture regimes, from bulk to thin 

films, will be presented. As an example, results associated with the study of the ferroelastic behavior of 

ferroelectric ceramics are presented. For ferroelectric ceramics, ferroelastic switching has been proposed as a 

toughening mechanism, one which depends on the configuration of domains. Nanoindentation (using blunt 

and sharp indenters) was used to drive domain switching in ideally oriented BaTi0 3 single crystals, and 

piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) was used to record the response. It was found that domain-wall 

movement was driven by the compensation of surface charge arising from arrays of 90°-ac domains. It is the 

90°-ac wall that is the determining factor, since it is energetically unfavorably at the surface (excess of 

negative charge due to (-P o ,0,0) and (0,0,-P o )), leading to permanent domain switching conditions during the 

nanoindentation test. Finite element simulations using 3D representations of the indenter tips were carried out 

to determine the stress and strain fields around the indentation imprints. This information is required to 

explain possible interactions of stress fields with domain walls affecting the total plastic deformation of the 

material. The results clearly show that the contribution of switching to plasticity is larger as soon as the strain 

field beneath the indentation imprint reaches the “unstable” domain boundaries. Thus, there is no single value 

of hardness or elastic modulus for in-plane or out-of-plane domains in 90°-ac domain arrangements measured 

by nanoindentation, and the local value depends on the proximity of a specific type of domain boundaries. 

PLENARY XII 

NANOSTRUCTURED MAGNETOELECTRIC COMPOSITES 

D. Bueno-Baques, N. Morales-Carrillo, R. Ziolo, V. Corral-Flores 

December 2011 

Advanced Materials. Research Center for Applied Chemistry. Blvd. Enrique 

Reyna 140. Saltillo, COAH, 25253, Mexico 

Magnetoelectric composites, where a magnetostrictive phase is mechanically coupled to a 

piezoelectric phase, have gained great interest during the last years, since they exhibit a magnetoelectric 

7


response in excess of two orders of magnitude higher than single-phase materials. In these composites, the 

origin of magnetoelectric properties resides, in general, in the elastic interaction among the constituent phases 

via stress/strain mediation. Within this talk, the dependence of the magnetoelectric response to the coupling at 

the interface and connectivities between the phases, in addition to the their intrinsic properties will be 

discussed. Furthermore, an overview of the research done in this line by the group at CIQA, ranging from 

particulate (0-0), to core-shell and columnar 1-3 like composites, is presented. As a base system, preparation, 

properties and interactions in BaTiO 3 /CoFe 2 O 4 nanostructured composites in several connectivities are 

presented. In addition the results of simulations of the magnetoelectric coupling in ordered nanocomposites, 

using a hybrid finite element model are presented and discussed. Within the model, the deformation and stress 

on the piezoelectric phase are estimated and used to simulate the magnetization reversal under stress in the 

composite nanotubes, using an updated micromagnetic framework to include the magnetostriction effect. 

Finally, recent progress in characterization techniques to measure direct and inverse magnetoelectric 

coefficients in an unified magnetic/magnetoelectric measurement platform is summarized. 

PLENARY XIII 

CONNECTING THE NANODOTS: PROGRAMMABLE NANOFABRICATION OF FUSED METAL 

SHAPES ON SELF-ASSEMBLING DNA TEMPLATES 

Gleb Finkelstein 

Duke University 

DNA self-assembly is a novel branch of nanotechnology, which utilizes tools borrowed from 

biochemistry in order to design and create complex artificial structures. Our group has recently developed a 

novel method for producing complex metallic nanostructures of programmable shape. We work with "DNA 

origami" - a type of self-assembling 2-dimensional nanostructures about 100 nm in size. DNA-functionalized 

gold nanoparticles are attached to the DNA origami templates; these seed nanoparticles are then enlarged, 

and even fused, by electroless deposition of silver. Using this method, we construct a variety of metallic 

structures, including rings, pairs of bars, and H shapes. These structures may be interesting for a variety of 

applications in electronics and plasmonics. 

PLENARY XIV 

THE CHALLENGES OF FABRICATING NANOCRYTALLINE LUMINESCENT MATERIALS 

Joanna McKittrick 

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 

Materials Science and Engineering Program 

University of California, San Diego 

La Jolla, CA 

There is great interest in nano-sized light emitting materials (phosphors) for applications such as in 

solid-state lighting, display screens, scintillators and biological markers. The materials (phosphors) are 

composted of an inert host (e.g. oxide, sulfide, nitride) and a few atomic percent of a substitutional activator 

ion (transition or rare-earth element). Under external excitation, photons are produced with energies ranging 

from the x-ray to IR, depending on the host and activator compositions. Despite advantages of having a small 

size, which includes reduced light scattering, higher resolution (for display screens) and the potential to use 

8


less material, persistent problems remain. The most serious is the reduction in quantum efficiency that occurs 

for nanocrystalline materials. This is a result of the large surface area to volume ratio that results in a 

significant number of atoms in a disordered crystalline environment on the surface. Additionally, there is 

some evidence that there is a higher activator concentration at the surface. There is an optimal activator 

concentration in a specific host:activator composition that yields the highest light output. Higher activator 

amounts leads to concentration quenching of the luminescence. Another significant problem is with 

agglomeration, resulting from the high surface/volume ratio of nanocrystalline powders. This talk will 

address these issues and others for the development of nanosized powders for luminescence applications. 

9


ORAL SESSION 

O-001 

PHOTOLUMINECENCE OF EUROPIUM-ACTIVATED HYDROXYAPATITE NANOPARTICLES 

IN BODY FLUIDS 

M. J. Oviedo 1,a , O. Contreras 2 , R. Vazquez-Duhalt 3 , G.G. Carbajal Arizaga 4 , G.A. Hirata 2,b and J. McKittrick 5 

1 Programa de Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CICESE-UNAM. Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, CP 

22800. Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km. 107 carretera 

Ensenada-Tijuana, CP 22800. Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

3 Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, CP 62250. Cuernava, Morelos, México. 

4 Departamento de Química. Universidad de Guadalajara. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, CP 44430. 

Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. 

5 University of California at San Diego, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Materials Science and 

Engineering Program, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411 

a moviedo@cnyn.unam.mx, bhirata@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, phosphor, body fluid, biomarker. 

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA) nanoparticles activated with Eu3+ were synthesized using 

the sol–gel technique. The crystal structure was elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis and the internal 

crystal structure and morphology was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Under excitation with 394 

nm light, the powders are red-emitting. The photoluminescence bands are detected at 575 nm (5D07F0), 

~590 nm (5D07F1), 613 nm (5D07F2) and 626 nm (5D07F2). The nanosized HA:Eu dispersed in 

urine and blood serum showed high stability with respect to their optical properties, although some transitions 

underwent a change in relative emission intensities. A change in emission intensities was also observed for 

the cysteine dispersion. The stability at different pHs was studied in water and urine fluids. The HA:Eu 

nanoparticles are suitable as biomarkers for medical applications. 

O-002 

ENHANCEMENT OF THE PIEZO AND FERROELECTRIC RESPONSE OF MULTIFERROIC 

YCrO 3 FILMS BY REDUCTION IN THICKNESS 

M. P. Cruz 1,a , D. Valdespino 2 , M. Herrera 1 , J. Muñoz 3 , A. C. García 4 , A. Durán 1 , J.M. Siqueiros 1 , M. Curiel 1 

and R. Castañeda 5 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 

Km. 107, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C., México, C.P. 22860. 

2 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, CNyN-UNAM. 

3 Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, 

Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Qro, México. 

4 Maestría en Ciencias, CINVESTAV, Qro. 

5 Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico, UNAM, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior S/N, 

C.P. 14510, México D.F. 

a mcruz@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: multiferroic, magnetoelectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, thin films. 

The influence of thickness on the piezoelectric response and polarization switching of YCrO3 films, 

deposited on Pt/TiO 2 /Si by PLD at room temperature and then annealed at 900ºC/1hr, is presented in this 

10


work. EBIC images showed charge accumulation at the grain boundaries of 180nm thick YCrO 3 films. 

Elimination of this charge is attained by decreasing grain boundaries through reduction of film thickness. At 

the same time, enhancement of the piezoresponse is observed by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). 

Polarization reversal, and thus ferroelectricity is achieved in a 20nm film. This is the first time that a clear 

piezoresponse, and a conclusive proof of polarization reversal in YCrO 3 films, are reported. Thanks are due to 

E. Aparicio, P. Casillas, V. García and I. Gradilla for their technical assistance. This work has been supported 

in part by CoNaCyT Proj. 174391 and PAPIIT-UNAM Projects. IN107312 and IN112909. 

O-003 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-STAR POLYMERS AND NANO-GELS 

A. Licea-Claveríe 1,a , L. A. Picos-Corrales 1 , J. Alvarez-Sánchez 1 , M. Cornejo-Bravo 2 and K.F. Arndt 3 

1 Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, A.P. 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B.C., 

México. 

2 Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingenierías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 22300 Tijuana, 

B.C., México 

3 Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Dresden University of Technology, D-01062 Dresden, Germany 

a aliceac@tectijuana.mx 

Keywords: Polymers, Hydrogels, temperature sensitive materials, Star-polymers 

Polymeric materials offer an excellent opportunity in nanocience and nanotechnology due to their 

intrinsic properties: macromolecules in sizes between 5 and 50 nm and their self-aggregation capacity to 

meta-stable aggregates of sizes dependent on the starting polymers and conditions of the environment. 

Therefore polymeric materials have been proposed for used in nanomedicine, catalysis, optoelectronics and 

nanotemplates for different technological applications. In this contribution we report the use of RAFT 

polymerization to prepare two types of responsive polymeric nanoscopic materials with a high potential of 

application in the biomedical field: 1.-Nano-star polymers with random number of arms consisting in 

temperature sensitive polyNIPAAm-arms and hydrophobic EGDMA or DVB core. 2.-Nano-gels consisting in 

crosslinked hydrophobic (DVB) core with a temperature sensitive (polyNIPAAm) shell. Reversible additionfragmentation 

chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a polymerization technique that has emerged in the 

last ten years as may be the most versatile and simple method for the preparation of polymers using a wide 

range of monomers and controlling their size, architecture and functionality. In this work, Methacrylic acid 

derivative comonomers were introduced in the star polymer-arms and in the nanogel shell to adjust the phase 

transition temperature to 38-40 oC and in the crosslinked core of the nanogel to increase drug loading 

capacity through ionic interactions. The complex nanosized materials prepared were characterized by 

viscometry, gel permeation chromatography, NMR spectroscopy and static/dynamic light scattering 

techniques to confirm the polymer architecture prepared. The ratio of divinyl comonomer (crosslinker) to 

living polymer prepared in the first step (macro-CTA of fixed size); together with polymerization time are the 

key factors determining the nano-sized structure obtained. 

11


O-004 

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE SPIN POLARIZATION RESPONSE IN SPIN-ORBIT 

COUPLED SYSTEMS 

Priscilla E. Iglesias Vázquez 1,a and Jesús A. Maytorena Córdova 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CICESE-UNAM. Ensenada, B.C., México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM. Ensenada, B.C., México. 

a piglesia@cnyn.unam.mx, b jesusm@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: spin polarization, spin-orbit interaction, semiconductor spintronics. 

We investigate the temperature dependence of the electric field-induced spin polarization of a twodimensional 

electron gas with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction (SOI). The frequency-dependent 

spin polarizability tensor for finite temperature is calculated using the linear-response theory; the cases of 

quantum wells grown in the main crystallographic directions are considered. The spin splitting caused by SOI 

opens the possibility of resonant effects involving electric-dipole transitions between the spin-split subbands 

as a response to alternating electric fields in the THz regime. Due to the anisotropic character of the SOI, the 

spin polarization response becomes dependent on the direction of the applied electric field and presents 

characteristic spectral features only within the SO-induced energy window for optical absorption 1 ; this is in 

contrast to the case of pure Rashba or Dresselhaus case. At non-vanishing temperature this behaviour is 

modified, given that the optical inter-spin-split subbands transitions are then possible in a wider range of 

energies, beyond the sharp T=0 absorption edges. As a consequence, the spin density response decreases 

monotonically with temperature for frequencies outside the mentioned window. We also study the effect of a 

temperature gradient in order to explore the spin Hall effect driven by the flow of heat. This raised new 

possibilities for spin current generation by means of heat currents and vice versa. This work was supported by 

DGAPA-UNAM IN114210 and CONACyT-México. 

1 Iglesias, P.E. y Maytorena, J.A. Anisotropic dynamical spin-density response in quantum wells with spin-orbit interaction. Phys. Rev. B 82, 205324 (2010). 

O-005 

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 NANOLAMINATES GROWN BY ATOMIC LAYER 

DEPOSITION 

Hugo Tiznado 1,a , Wencel de la Cruz 1,b , Gerardo Soto 1,c and David Domínguez 1,d 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología – UNAM, Ensenada, Mexico. 

a tiznado@cnyn.unam.mx, b wencel@cnyn.unam.mx, c gerardo@cnyn.unam.mx, d david@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: atomic layer deposition, optical properties, thin films. 

Composite films whose refractive index can be adjusted by mixing two materials at different ratios 

are of considerable interest for optical and electronic applications [1]. In particular, those materials with 

potential to replace SiO 2 , as the gate oxide in complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors (CMOS), are 

currently being aggressively studied [2]. It is reported that the TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanolaminates are able to tune 

their refractive index (n) and the extinction coefficient (k) by varying their individual thickness. However, 

only discrete values have been reported for specific light energies. In this work, it was employed the atomic 

layer deposition (ALD) technique to prepare Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 nanolaminates on silicon (111) substrates. The 

12


individual thickness of each layer is approximately of 3 Å. Then, it were estimated the n and k values trough a 

wide range of energies (1.5 – 100 eV). The estimations were obtained in a complementary manner from data 

collected through ellipsometry and reflection electron energy loss (REELS) spectroscopies. It was employed 

the methodology described by Yubero and Tougaard [3]. The chemical composition was verified by x-rays 

photoelectron (XPS) and Auger (AES) spectroscopies. Acknowledgments: We thank the technical support of 

A. Díaz, A. Tiznado and E. Medina. 

[1] S.-ichi Zaitsu, T. Jitsuno, M. Nakatsuka, T. Yamanaka, S. Motokoshi, Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002) 2442. 

[2] W. Li, Z. Chen, R.N. Premnath, B. Kabius, O. Auciello, Journal of Applied Physics 110 (2011) 024106. 

[3] F. Yubero, S. Tougaard, Physical Review B 46 (1992) 2486-2497. 

O-006 

NANOPARTICLES AND CLUSTERS OF COINAGE METALS IN ZEOLITES 

Catalina López-Bastidas a , Elena Smolentseva b , Roberto Machorro Mejia c and Vitalii Petranovskii d 

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Apdo. Postal 14, 

C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., México 

a clopez@cnyn.unam.mx, b elena@cnyn.unam.mx, c roberto@cnyn.unam.mx, d vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolite, nanoparticles, clusters, copper, silver, gold, plasmon peak. 

Metal nanoparticles attract attention at least by two reasons: (i) they are presented in many materials 

of practical importance (colored glasses, metalopolymers, catalysts, etc.), (ii) they result in nontrivial features 

in many phenomena due to unusual size-dependent electronic properties. Zeolites, which are nanoporous 

materials possessing cages and/or channels of 2.5 to 12 Å in size, are well-suited starting materials for 

assembly of clusters and nanoparticles. Zeolite matrices through their ion-exchange properties open the 

possibility of regulating both the concentration of exchanged ions and the strength of the metal ion bonding 

with the matrix. In the present work the optical properties of clusters and nanoparticles of Cu, Ag and Au, 

embedded in zeolite channels were studied experimentally and theoretically. It was revealed that Si/Al ratio 

and the experimental conditions are the key factors in nanoobject formation. Ag 8 clusters can be easily 

assembled in the zeolite; copper demonstrated multiples reduced forms, while gold preferably formed 

nanoparticles with relatively big average diameter and plasmon peak observed even for freshly prepared 

samples. Thanks are given to I. Gradilla, J. Palomares, E. Aparicio, F. Ruiz, J. Peralta, P. Casillas, V. García, 

and E. Flores for the precious technical support. This research was supported by CONACYT through grant # 

102907. 

O-007 

USE ON SILVER NANOPARTICLES IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL BIOMEDICINE: AN ADVANCE 

Nina Bogdanchikova 1, a , Cesar Almonaci 2, b , Adriana Salinas 3, c , Antonio Peña 4, d , Jorge Cortes 5, e , Roberto 

Vazquez 6, f 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM (México) 

2 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, SSA (México) 

3 Comercializadora de Sistemas de Innovación S.A, (México) 

4 Hospital Veterinario, (México) 

5 Rancho Cortes, (México) 

13


6 Departamento de Microbiología Experimental y Aplicada, CICESE (México) 

a nina@cnyn.unam.mx, b almonaci2000@hotmail.com, c anpeja@hotmail.com, d gcpysa@prodigy.net.mx, e 

adrianasalinasram@gmail.com, f vazquezm@cicese.edu.mx 

Keywords: Bionanotechnology, Silver nanoparticles, Biomedicine, Nanobiotics, Human health, Veterinary. 

The present work presents an advance relative to the use of silver nanoparticles in human and animal 

health. The approach of the work is from the perspective of biomedicine and uses novel concepts such as 

nanobiotics. This work includes basic and applied science and some of the uses are of now included in the 

scientific innovation concept and are currently under technological transfer. The research lines advances that 

are presented in this work, are: 

1. Development of therapeutic shoes with nanoparticles for the diabetic. 

2. Treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with silver nanoparticles. 

3. Treatment and prophylaxis of diseases in cattle and poultry with nanosilver. 

4. Treatment on non-curable diseases in dogs with nanosilver. 

5. Effects of silver nanoparticles in common pathogenic microorganisms. 

O-008 

SPIN TRANSPORT IN A TRIPLE QUANTUM DOT SYSTEM: EFFECTS OF INTERACTIONS 

J. Villavicencio 1,a , E. Cota 2,b and G. Platero 3,c 

1 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología – UNAM, Ensenada, México 

3 Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid – CSIC, Madrid, España 

a villavics@uabc.mx, b ernesto@cnyn.unam.mx, c gplatero@icmm.csic.es 

Keywords: quantum dots, spin qubits, spin-orbit interaction. 

The spin of electrons in quantum dots has been proposed as the realization of a quantum bit (qubit) 

for applications in quantum computing. In the last decade, an intense effort has been devoted to the control 

and manipulation of these spin qubits in double quantum dot systems. Recently, the fabrication of triple 

quantum dot (TQD) systems, highly tunable with detailed determination of their stability diagrams has been 

obtained. Transport properties, relevant for spin qubit applications, have also been studied. In this work we 

study spin transport properties in an oscillating TQD system, in series and triangular arrangements, subject to 

different local magnetic fields at each quantum dot, under an applied bias voltage, focusing on the effects of 

interactions (spin-orbit and electron-phonon) on the control of these spin qubits. We use a generalized density 

matrix formalism to study the quantum dynamics of the system, incorporating spin-orbit coupling via spinnonconserving 

tunneling elements between the quantum dots. We explore the features of spin-polarized 

current as a function of magnetic field and frequency of the oscillating central dot. We show that the spinorbit 

effect manifests itself as sidebands in the spin-polarized current, and that the tunneling channels can be 

controlled by adequately tuning the relative energies of the Zeeman-split levels, and by manipulating the 

current contribution from the vibrational modes. 

14


O-009 

COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR NANOSCIENCE IN MEXICO: THE NANOCOSMOS 

VIRTUAL LAB 

Daniel Glossman-Mitnik* 

Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, SC, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Comp. Ind. Chihuahua, 

Chihuahua, Chih. 31109, Mexico 

*daniel.glossman@cimav.edu.mx 

The main goal of this talk is to present current research activities that are being performed within the 

field of Computational Molecular Nanoscience in Mexico through the NANOCOSMOS Virtual Lab. 

NANOCOSMOS is an acronym for Computational Simulation and Molecular Modeling in Nanoscience and, 

at the same time, is a representation of the infinitely small world that is the object of our studies. The 

NANOCOSMOS Virtual Lab is considered virtual in the sense that all calculations are actually submitted and 

performed on remote supercomputers, while the analysis of the results are performed on-site. The current 

research is related with the optimization of the molecular nanostructures and the calculation of the molecular 

properties of the systems under study and involves the six fields shown in the synopsis above, that are related 

to alternative and renewable energy, molecular nanophotovoltaics, artificial photosynthesis, nanoinformatics, 

nanomedicine, and the application of molecular nanoscience for drugs and foods. 

O-010 

BIOSYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL NANOPARTICLES USING WATER HYACINTH 

Munive-Olarte, A. 1, a , Galindo-Bautista, M. 1, b , Rosano-Ortega, G. 1, c and Schabes-Retchkiman, P. 2, d 

1 Biological Science Department, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21Sur #110, Barrio 

Santiago, P.C. 2410, Puebla, Puebla, México. 

2 Physics Department, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Universidad 3000 Circuito Exterior S/N, 

P.C. 04510, D.F., México. 

a areli.munive@upaep.edu.mx, b mirna.galindo@upaep.edu.mx, c genoveva.rosano@upaep.mx, 

d schabes@fisica.unam.mx 

15


Keywords: Biosynthesis, Water hyacinth, Metal nanoparticles, Transmission Electron Microscopy 

Green-chemistry methods are becoming more important nowadays; particularly the use of bioreduction 

to produce metal nanoparticles is well established as a significant contribution to develop clusters 

and one-dimensional nanostructures. The utilization of this method is part of a self-sustained technology 

where the biomass source is water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a plant that is considered a pest. This 

research presents the results of biosynthesis by dried biomass of water hyacinth in aqueous solutions of 

MnSO4, K2Cr2O7, FeCl3, CoCl2 and Ag standard solution, precursors of Mn2+, Cr3+, 2+, Fe3+, 2+ Co3+, 

2+ and Ag+ ions on scale size of quantum confinement (


2 Departamento de Nanocatálisis, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN) – Universidad Nacional 

Autónoma de México. Ensenada, B.C. –México 

3 Departamento de Física, ESFM-IPN, C. P. 07738, D.F., México 

4 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Los-Mochis, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz, 81250 

Los-Mochis, Sinaloa, México 

a inocente@imre.oc.uh.cu, b vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx, c ffcb@cnyn.unam.mx, d fchavez@esfm.ipn, 

e ederlugomedina@yahoo.com.mx 

Keywords: Mordenite; Nanoparticles; Copper; Silver; Zinc. 

The zeolites modified with ions, clusters and nanoparticles of copper, zinc and silver are of great 

interest due to both catalytic and microbicidal properties of these metals, which allows developing of 

materials for very different applications. In this work thermal reduction of supported on mordenite threemetallic 

mixture Cu 2+ -Ag + -Zn 2+ in hydrogen flow was studied, applying DRX, UV-Vis, and TPR-H 2 methods. 

It was found that the sample properties depend on the sequence used to exchange these cations in mordenite. 

Reduction of Cu 2+ and Ag + and formation of resultant clusters and nanoparticles were influenced by the 

presence of Zn 2+ . The three-metallic systems allow obtaining materials with diverse metallic species, and 

such method can constitute an alternative to influence the size and aggregation of metal species. Thanks are 

given to E. Aparicio, I. Gradilla, J. Peralta and E. Flores for the technical support. This research was 

supported by CONACYT, Mexico through grant 102907, and UNAM-PAPIIT through grants IN110608 and 

IN207511. 

O-013 

TEMPERATURE DEPENDECE OF VIBRATIONAL MODES ON A CARBON NANOTUBE 

Joel Antúnez García 1,a , Donald Homero Galván 1,b 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN) – Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ensenada, 

B. C., México 

a jantunez@cnyn.unam.mx, b donald@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: modified embedded atom method, molecular dynamics, carbon nanotube, vibrational modes. 

Trough molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we have studied the vibrational modes, as temperature 

function, of unsupported zigzag (7,0) carbon nanotube. The MD simulations were carried within the 

framework of the modified embedded atom method (MEAM). The temperatures under study were 50, 100, 

200, 300, 400 and 500 oK and the simulation length of each running was of 300 ps. Our results shown that 

independent of the temperature, the vibrational modes are restricted to a very narrow high frequencies band. 

On the other hand, although the high frequencies are excited as the temperature increases and the coupling of 

certain modes along three cylindrical coordinates are always present, their relation is not direct. 

O-014 

SYNTHESIS OF HIERARCHICALLY STRUCTURED γ-ALUMINA AS A SUPPORT FOR HDS 

CATALYSTS 

J. N. Díaz de León 1,a , G. Torres 2,b , T. A. Zepeda 1,c , S. Fuentes 1,d and V. Petranosvkii 1,e 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología - UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, CP. 22800, 

Ensenada, B.C. México 

2 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería de Materiales CNyN, UNAM 

17


a noejd@cnyn.unam.mx, b gilotanez@cnyn.unam.mx, c trino@cnyn.unam.mx, d sergio@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Mesoporous, surfactants, templates, alumina, HDS. 

Significant efforts were dedicated to synthesis of nanostructured alumina with a unimodal pore size 

distribution. However, the production of ordered and thermally stable mesoporous alumina represents a much 

more difficult problem due to its susceptibility for hydrolysis as well as to the phase transitions accompanying 

the thermal breakdown of the ordered structure [1]. Unfortunately till now disordered structures with 

amorphous walls were fabricated in most cases [2]. In this work, in order to obtain alumina supports for 

hydrodesulphurization (HDS), the synthesis of bulk materials were carried out using typical precursors and 

surfactants as structure directing agents. The alumina supports were characterized by physisorption of N 2 , 

small and wide angle XRD, SEM and HRTEM. The preliminary results showed large surface area, tunable 

and narrow pore size distribution. Obtained materials have interesting textural properties for the preparation 

of HDS catalyst. However, additional characterizations that are in progress are required to conclude usability 

of the obtained materials. The technical support provided by M. E. Aparicio, I. Gradilla and F. Ruiz is 

acknowledged. This work was supported by CONACyT-SENER Project 117373. 

[1] Cejka et al., J. Appl. Catal. A. 254 (2003) 327. 

[2] Quan Y. et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 (2008) 3465. 

O-015 

SYNTHESIS AND CATHODOLUMINESCENCE OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES WITH 

WIDE BAND-GAP 

G. Guzmán 1 , A. Guerrero 2 , M. Herrera 3,a , D. Maestre 4 and J. Valenzuela 3 . 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California 22800, 

México. 

2 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja 

California, México. 

3 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja 

California 22800, México. 

4 Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain. 

a zaldivar@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: gallium oxide, GaN, ZnO, nanowires, cathodoluminescence. 

Nanowires of β-Ga 2 O 3 and GaN have been synthesized by physical vapor deposition (PVD) onto 

several substrates and at different temperatures to study their optical properties by cathodoluminescence (CL). 

β-Ga 2 O 3 nanowires were synthesized onto Si(100) and show a self-catalyzed growth generated by the 

formation of metallic gallium. Thermal diffusion of Ga 0 on the substrate generated formation of stacking 

faults in the nanowires, which were identified as dark regions in the CL images. CL spectra from β- 

Ga 2 O 3 /Si(100) recorded a strong UV emission (3.3 eV), while the nanowires grown onto Au/Si(100) show a 

weak blue emission (2.8 eV). The UV emission was assigned to self-trapped excitons and the blue band to a 

donor-acceptor transition. 1 GaN nanotubes were grown by PVD onto Au/Si(100) using a flow of NH 3 to 

generated a nitridation of gallium oxide. CL measurements show the defect-related yellow emission (2.3 eV) 

at 300 K, and the GaN band-edge emission at 100 K. ZnO:Mn nanowires synthesized by the hydrothermal 

18


method have been also studied by CL. The Mn concentration in these samples was 1.3, 1.4 and 2.4 at %. CL 

measurements at 300 K show the generation of an emission centered at 2.3 V due to the Mn incorporation. 

The maximum intensity of this emission was recorded for the 1.3 % Mn doped sample, and gradually 

decreased for the samples with higher Mn contain. A well-defined shoulder in these CL spectra revealed the 

presence of a band at 2.0 eV, assigned to the ZnO defect-related yellow emission. CL spectra acquired at 100 

K show to this band a strong increase in their intensity. An annealing treatment at 400 C in Ar atmosphere 

generated the extinction of the 2.3 and 2.2 eV emissions. The effect of Mn doping on the formation of these 

two ZnO defect-related emissions is discussed. 

1 G. Guzmán-Navarro, M. Herrera-Zaldívar, J. Valenzuela-Benavides and D. Maestre. J. Appl. Phys. 110 (2011) 034315. 

O-016 

IMMOBILIZATION OF YARROWIA LIPOLYTICA LIPASE 2 ON NANOCLAYS 

Ivanna Rivera 1,a , Georgina Sandoval 1,b , Gregorio Carbajal 2,c 

1 

Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado 

de Jalisco (CIATEJ). Av. Normalistas #800. Colinas de la Normal. Guadalajara, Jal., México. 

2 Depto. de Química. Universidad de Guadalajara. Marcelino García 1429. Guadalajara, Jal., México. 

a 

ivannaiq@gmail.com, b georgina@confluencia.net, c gregoriocarbajal@yahoo.com.mx 

Keywords: Lipase, immobilization, adsorption, nanoclays. 

Nanocatalysis has emerged as a promising area to reinforce enzyme technology [1] . The variety of 

morphologies in nanostructures such as nanoporous particles, nanofibers, nanotubes and nanolayers as well as 

their particular physicochemical properties result attractive for enzyme immobilization. Layered double 

hydroxides (also named synthetic clays) are nanoparticles whose structure can be tuned with different degrees 

of hydrophobicity or even with functional groups capable to immobilize enzymes through adsorption or with 

covalent bonds [2] . Lipases are one of the most used enzymes in organic synthesis and these are versatile for 

applications in food, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, polymers and energy industries [3] . In this work, we report the 

immobilization of lipase 2 from Yarrowia lipolytica on one commercially available nanoclay and three 

layered materials synthetized by the working group (two types of layered double hydroxides and the layered 

zinc hydroxide chloride). Some properties of the immobilized lipase, like substrate preference and solvent 

resistance, were also evaluated in model reactions. 

[1] Kim JB, Grate JW, Wang P. “Nanobiocatalysis and its potential applications”. Trends Biotechnol 26:639-646 (2008). 

[2] Rahman MBA, Basri M, et al. “Immobilisation of lipase from Candida rugosa on layered double hydroxides of Mg/Al and its nanocomposite as biocatalyst for the 

synthesis of ester”. Catal Today 93–95: 405–410 (2004). 

[3] Sandoval G (Ed.) “Lipases and Phospholipases: Methods and Protocols”. Meth Mol Biol, Vol. 861 (2012). 

O-017 

EMISSION OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY AS MONITOR OF INHOMOGENEOUS THIN FILM 

GROWTH 

Noemi Abundiz 1a , Ángeles Pérez 2 , Marco Gómez 2 , and Roberto Machorro 3b 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CNYN-CICESE, B.C. México, 

2 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, UABC, B.C. México. 

3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 

a nabundiz@cnyn.unam.mx, mail, b roberto@cnyn.unam.mx 

19


Keywords: inhomogeneous thin film, optical spectroscopy. 

Optical spectroscopy applied to thin film growth, is a noninvasive technique, which allows us, to 

monitor emission lines and control the refractive index of the film. In this work we established the connection 

between plasma spectra and resulting inhomogeneous thin film made by reactive sputtering. Our goal is to get 

prescribed index profile of oxynitride inhomogeneous thin films, monitoring the emission spectra of the 

plasma. We growth films with variation in refractive index, by controlling the flux rate between two gases, 

oxygen and nitrogen in order to change the film stoichiometry. The plasma was monitored with a 

spectrometer in the entire visible spectrum. By analyzing the spectral lines of Ar, N and O we observed their 

temporal evolution during the growth of the layers. In-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to characterize 

the resulting coating, to obtain refractive index and thickness. We are able to grow films with 1.46 to 2.1 

refractive index, depending the concentration of Si 3 N 4 or SiO 2 . The mixture is simulated with effective 

medium approximation (EMA) model. We present results of inhomogeneous thin films with their 

corresponding line spectra evolution, to emphasize the possibility of monitoring stoichiometry during the 

deposition process. Partial support from the Conacyt-Mexico project 60351 and DGAPA-UNAM projects 

IN100910 is acknowledged, Miss Abundiz thanks Conacyt for her scholarship. 

O-018 

MICROSTRUCTURAL STUDIES THROUGH HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON 

MICROSCOPY AND X - RAY DIFFRACTOMETRY OF HDS CATALYTIC NANOMATERIALS 

E. M. Rivera-Muñoz 1,a , R. Huirache-Acuña 2,b , R. Nava 3,c , C.V. Loricera 4,d , B. Pawelec 4,e 

1 Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 1- 

1010 Querétaro, Qro. C.P. 76000, Mexico 

2 Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, 

Morelia, 58060, México. 

3 Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las campanas, 

76000, Querétaro, Mexico 

4 Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/ Marie Curie, 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain 

a emrivera@fata.unam.mx, b rafael_huirache@yahoo.it, c rufino@uaq.mx, d cristinavalero@icp.csic.es, 

e bgarcia@icp.csic.es 

Keywords: HRTEM, HDS catalysts, SBA-15, SBA-16. 

Mesoporous SBA-15 and SBA-16 materials were used as supports of novel ternary Co(Ni)-Mo-W 

hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts. These materials have shown a high catalytic activity in HDS of 

dibenzothiophene (DBT) reactions, even much higher compared with commercial catalysts. An exploration 

was made on structure of both the supports as well as on tri-metallic sulfide HDS catalysts prepared by 

simultaneous impregnation via incipient wetness method. Prior to the catalytic test, the catalytic materials 

were sulfided ex situ at atmospheric pressure in a tubular furnace heated up 673 K under a flow of H 2 S in 

hydrogen (15%) and kept under those conditions for 4 h. The sulfided catalysts were tested in the HDS of 

DBT performed in a batch reactor at 623 K and total pressure of 3.1 MPa. The calcined and fresh sulfide 

catalysts were characterized by a variety of techniques, such as N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, TPD of 

NH 3 , XRD and HRTEM. It has been found that both the morphology of the supports as its modification with 

20


varying amounts of phosphorus; affect the catalytic activity of the materials in HDS of DBT reactions. 

Furthermore, the nanostructures which correspond to the tri-metallic sulfided catalysts exhibit a typical 

morphology of MoS 2 structure. The present work shows the microstructural study of these nanostructured 

materials, carried out from HRTEM images and X-ray diffraction analysis. Authors acknowledge the support 

of Dr. Beatríz Millán Malo for XRD analysis as well as the financial support of DGAPA-UNAM PAPIIT 

IN107311-3 project, CONACYT, CIC-UMSNH and PROMEP PTC 273 Project. 

O-019 

COMPARATIVE COMPUTATIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Au4 CLUSTER ON AN 

SINGLE-WALL NANOTUBE WITH AND WITHOUT DEFECTS USING ONIOM METHOD 

Diana Barraza-Jiménez 1,a , D. H. Galvan 2,b , Manuel Alberto Flores-Hidalgo 3,c , Álvaro Posada-Amarillas 4,d , 

Daniel Glossman-Mitnik 3,e , and Miguel José-Yacamán 5,f 

1 Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad Delicias. Av. 4ª Sur 3820, Fracc. 

Vencedores del Desierto. Cd. Delicias Chih, México. 33089 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología – Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México- Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada Km 107. Ensenada, Baja California, México 22800 

3 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C., M. de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial 

Chihuahua, Chihuahua Chih, México 31109 

4 Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-088, 83190 Hermosillo, 

Sonora, Mexico 

5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA 

a dbarraza@ciad.mx, b donald@cnyn.unam.mx, c manuel.flores@cimav.edu.mx, 

d posada@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx, e daniel.glossman@cimav.edu.mx, f miguel.yacaman@utsa.edu 

Keywords: ONIOM, Gold Cluster, Vacancies SWNT, oxygenated vacancies, SDD. 

A theoretical study using ONIOM (QM/MM) methodology to develop calculations in a four atom 

nanocluster supported by an (8,8) armchair carbon nanotube. For the QM system calculations were carried out 

using density functional theory with LSDA/SDD and for the MM we employed universal force field (UFF). In 

two particular cases, defects were added in the carbon nanotube wall. In the first case, a twofold oxygenated 

vacancy (V2O2) and in the second case with a twofold vacancy but without oxygen which creates a wall 

containing two pentagons and an octagon. In this work we compare geometry changes on both the gold 

nanocluster and the carbon nanotube. A comparison is made with the binding energy resulting values as well 

as with the orbital energies such as the frontier orbitals HOMO and LUMO. Also included calculations on the 

first three successive levels associated to the studied interactions. Resulting values show strong structural 

differences when the defects are incorporated in both systems, in the carbon nanotube with defects created in 

the wall as well as on the system containing oxygenated vacancies. 

O-020 

ZnO RODS SYNTHESIZED BY AQUEOUS CHEMICAL GROWTH 

V. Corral-Flores 1,a , J.C. Valdivia-Martínez 1,2,b , M.L. Garcia-Guaderrama 3,c , E. Torres-Moye 4,d 

1 Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna 140, CP 25294, Saltillo, México. 

2 Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote. CP 34080, Durango, México. 

3 Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Juárez 976, Col. Centro, C.P. 44100, Guadalajara, México 

4 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, CP 31109 

21


a vcorral@ciqa.mx, b cevalmart_18@hotmail.com, c mgarciaguaderrama@dip.udg.mx, 

d enrique.torres@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: Chemical Growth, Nanomaterials, Zinc Oxide. 

Zinc oxide rods were synthesized by aqueous chemical growth on different substrates, e.g. plane 

glass, ITO-coated glass substrates, stainless steel and platinum-coated silicon wafers. The effect of pressure 

was studied on open and closed reaction vessels at 90ºC for six hours on ITO-coated glass substrates. Closed 

reaction gave rise to conic shaped rods with average diameter of 0.61 ± 0.21 µm, while more homogeneous 

rods of 0.91 ± 0.17 µm were grown at open conditions. Rod length increased from 3.00 ± 0.47 to 3.67 ± 0.92 

for close and open conditions respectively. As for the effect of reaction time, a sample was grown for 20 

hours at closed conditions. Ave. diameter was not affected significantly, while length increased up to 7.30 ± 

0.85 µm. Pt-coated silicon and stainless steel substrates promoted the formation of ZnO rods with a flowerlike 

morphology, with similar dimensions than those grown over glass. In all cases, the hexagonal phase was 

verified by grazing incidence X- ray diffraction. 

O-021 

Au/Ce-Al-O CATALYSTS FOR AEROBIC OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION OF BENZYL 

ALCOHOL 

E. Smolentseva 1,a , A. Simakov 1,b , R. Cotta 2,c , V. Costa 2,d , E. Gusevskaya 2,e , S. Fuentes 1,f 

1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, km.107, carr. Tijuana 

- Ensenada, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

2 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 

a elena@cnyn.unam.mx, b andrey@cnyn.unam.mx, c, d, e elena@ufmg.br, f fuentes@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Ce-Al mixed oxides, gold nanoparticles, benzyl alcohol, aerobic oxidation. 

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are considered as the promising catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of 

alcohols, which involve O 2 as an oxidant, due to their high activity and stability. Gold catalysts (3 wt.% Au) 

supported on single and mixed nanostructured oxides (Al 2 O 3 , CeO 2 and Ce-Al-O) were prepared by 

deposition-precipitation with urea and studied in aerobic oxidative esterification of benzyl alcohol in the 

presence of methanol. Fresh and spent samples were characterized by FTIR, in situ UV-Visible spectroscopy 

and TEM. It was found that the gold catalysts supported on ceria and Ce-Al-O mixed oxides are quite 

effective for the liquid-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol with formation of two products: aldehyde and ester, 

even in the absence of base promoter. The selectivity of catalysts depends on the nature of the support used, 

the type of catalysts pretreatment (reductive or oxidative), temperature and the reaction time. The authors 

thank to E. Flores, P. Casillas, V. García, F. Ruiz, E. Aparicio, M. Vega, J. Palomares, M. Sainz and J. Peralta 

for their kind technical support in this work. This project was supported by DGAPA–PAPIIT (UNAM, 

Mexico) through grant 224510. 

22

1st POSTER SESSION 


P-001 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MgSb 2 O 6 TRIRUTILE-TYPE IN PRESENCE 

CONCENTRATIONS LOW OF ETHYLENEDIAMINE 

H. Guillen-Bonilla 1 , J. Reyes-Gómez 1 , A. Guillén-Bonilla 2* , M. Flores-Martínez 2 , V.M. Rodríguez- 

Betancourtt 2 , C. Frausto-Reyes 3 , J. A. Cruz-Ramos 4 , D. Pozas-Zepeda 1 

1 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Colima, Bernal Díaz del Castillo, 340 Colima, Colima, 28045, México. 

2 Posgrado en Ciencia de Materiales - CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán 1421, 

Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44410, México. 

3 Centro de Investigación en Óptica (CIO), Prolongación Constitución 607, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, 

20200, México. 

4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Sierra Mojada 800, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, 

México. 

*fanix_3@hotmail.com 

Recently, the use of amines of synthesis process of inorganic materials had great apogee because 

change the surface and its microstructure characteristic of materials. Different methods were applied to have 

very important microstructures. Ceramic method, colloidal method and solution-polymerization method are 

used. In this work, we study effects which produce the variation of ethylediamine in the microstructure 

MgSb2O6. The oxide was prepared by a no-aquose method; using antimony trichloride, magnesium nitrate 

ethylediamine (0.25 - 0.75 ml) and ethyl alcohol. In this process, three colloidal solutions were obtained 

mixing the reactive and ethylediamine. The resultants colloidal dispersion was stirred by 24 h and the 

evaporation of solvents were made applying low power microwave, obtaining to the MgSb2O6 precursor 

material. The precursor was calcined to 800 °C and its crystalline evolution was analysed by X-ray powder 

diffraction. MgSb2O6 crystalline structure is a trirutile-type structure with cell parameters, 4.64 Å and 9.25 

Å, and space group P42/mnm. Using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the surface of MgSb2O6 

calcined at 800 °C was observed, and different morphologies and particle sizes were found. By a 

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were identified particles sizes nanostructured. The chemical 

composition of the material was confirmed by EDS elemental microanalysis and doing a mapping over the 

surface. 

P-002 

CARBON NANO-FIBERS GROWN BY CVD 

Jorge Montes-Gutiérrez 1,2,a , Rafael García 2,b , Marcelino Barboza-Flores 2,c 

1 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, México. 

2 Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México 

a jorgea.montesg@correoa.uson.mx, b rgarcia@cifus.uson.mx, b mbarboza@cifus.uson.mx 

Keywords: Carbon, nanofibers, CVD. 

Among the wide range of structures that carbon can forms, one of the most important structure for 

applications in textile industry is carbon fibers with sp 2 hybridization. Other structures are graphite, SWCNT 

or MWCNT nanotubes, nano-diamond, glassy carbon, etc. that make up the bulk of the carbon materials of 

23


practical interest. The wide range of applications of carbon nano-fibers have been derived from its 

characteristics such as high heat resistance, high mechanical strength, inert chemical (corrosion), and 

biocompatibility, having a large range of application coverage in general industry to the aerospace and 

medicine. In this work we report a novel method to grow carbon nanofibers on Si wafers by Chemical Vapor 

Deposition (CVD) in a three-zone horizontal quartz tube reactor. UHP methane (CH 4 ) and UHP hydrogen 

(H 2 ) where used as precursors. Methane and hydrogen are introduced in the reactor where they are combined 

with ammonia (NH 3 ) at the following conditions: pressure = 22 Torr, temperature at zone 1 = 1200 °C, 

temperature at zone 2 = 900 °C and temperature at zone 3 = 520 °C, the flux were CH 4 = 10 sccm, NH 3 = 30 

sccm and H 2 = 380 sccm during one hour of deposit. At these conditions the methane discomposes to yield 

carbon nanofibers. The fibers obtained were analyzed by XPS, IR, SEM, TEM and XRD. The results 

indicated that this novel method can be used to produce large quantities of high quality carbon nano-fibers in 

short time and low cost. 

P-003 

EFFECTS ANNEALING ATMOSPHERE ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL 

PROPERTIES OF ZnO THIN FILMS 

H. Juárez 1,a , M. Pacio 1 , C. Bueno 1 , R. Perez 1 , G. Juárez 1 , E. Vargas 1 , M. Rodríguez 1 , T. Diaz 1 . 

1 CIDS-ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, C.U., Edif. 103C, 

C.P. 72750, Pue., Puebla, 

Keywords: Zinc Oxide. 

1a hjuarez@cs.buap.mx 

ZnO films were obtained by the sol-gel method utilizing zinc acetate dihydrate as the precursor of 

the Zn atom, monoethanolamine (MEA) as a stabilizing agent and 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent. The ZnO 

films were deposited on p-Si substrates via spin-coating technique. The gel film was stabilized by pre-heating 

at 300 ºC. This procedure was repeated 10 times. After, the films were crystallized by an annealing at 600 ºC 

in Oxygen, Ozone and Nitrogen atmosphere. The optical and structural properties of the ZnO films depend on 

the annealing temperature and the atmosphere type. These conditions also affect the properties of the n- 

ZnO/p-Si heterostructure. The X-ray diffraction patterns shown that all the films have (002) preferential 

orientation and the photoluminescence measurements show emission that corresponding to the UV and visible 

region. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to determine the reflectivity and the band gap of the ZnO films. The 

electrical properties were obtained by I-V curves of the n-ZnO/p-Si heterostructure. Finally shows that the 

structural, optical and electrical properties have correlation with the annealing atmosphere. 

P-004 

PORE SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN ZEOLITES WITH RINGS 8, 10 AND 12 PARTS: LTA, ERI, HEU, 

ZSM5, MOR, FAU 

Vázquez Tobón Olga A. 1,a , Hernández Espinoza Miguel A. 2,b 

1 Colegio de Ingeniería en Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, BUAP; Puebla, México 

2 Departamento de Investigación en Zeolitas y Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias, 

BUAP; Puebla, México 

24


a oly_aurora@hotmail.com, b vaga1957@hotmail.com 

Keywords: LTA Zeolite, ERI Zeolite, HEU Zeolite, ZSM5 Zeolite, MOR Zeolite, FAU Zeolite, Scanning 

Curves. 

Nitrogen adsorption measurements are usually used for essential the surface area and pore size 

distribution (PSD) of solids. One of the mainly dominant quantifiers of the structure of porous solids is the 

pore size distribution. There are a variety of methods at present available for determining PSD, but each one 

has a limited range of applicability. The choice of the appropriate analysis technique is dictated by the size of 

pores to be studied. In this work we will be focusing on pores of molecular dimensions (micropores, pore 

widths, w < 2 nm). In this work we report experimental results on the pore size through the calculation of 

pore size distribution, using the density functional approximations of non-localized (NLDFT) 1 and Dubinin- 

Astakhov (DA) 2 in zeolites consisting of rings of 8, 10 and 12 parts. Adsorption studies of high resolution 

(HRADS) of n2 at 76 K were studied in a series of zeolites: small pore (ERI, LTA, HEU), pore medium 

(ZSM5) and large pore (FAU and MOR). The adsorption behavior at very low relative pressures (10-6) has 

been studied with different mechanisms. The pore size distribution with the Dubinin-Astakhov equation, with 

n = 3 and assuming a cylindrical geometry in the channels of these zeolites provides values close to the 

entrances of the pores of these zeolites, while the values obtained with NLDFT approximate values are 

obtained close to the width of the cavities of zeolites reported. When the adsorption is carried out in 

micropores, a mechanism labeled as micropore volume filling takes place [1]. Due to this enhanced 

adsorption attribute in comparison to mesoporous adsorbents, many solids with pores of molecular 

dimensions are often used as selective adsorbents in industrial applications. Adsorption isotherm analysis has 

provided supporting evidence for the incidence of two stages of micropore filling [2]: (a) a primary process 

involving enhanced adsorbent-adsorptive interactions in pores of molecular dimensions (i.e. ultramicropores: 

voids smaller than 0.7 nm), and (b) a cooperative (secondary) process taking place in wider micropores (i.e. 

supermicropores: voids between 0.7 and 2.0 nm) by means of the cohesion forces that are developed between 

the adsorbed molecules. The limiting width for primary micropore filling seems to be little more than two 

molecular diameters of the adsorptive molecule. Thus, the upper pore size limit for primary micropore filling 

by nitrogen is 0.7-0.8 nm (i.e. ultramicropores). The upper limit for the secondary micropore filling depends 

on the adsorbent-adsorption interactions is probably in the region of five times the molecular diameter (2 nm 

for nitrogen). 

1 P. I. Ravikovitch, A. V. Neimark, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2001, 105, 6817-6823. 

2 A. Susarrey-Arce, V. Petranovskii, M. A. Hernández-Espinosa, R. Portillo, and W. de la Cruz, J. of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2011,11,1-6 

P-005 

AEROBIC OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION OF DIFFERENT ALCOHOLES OVER Au/MgO 

CATALYSTS 

M. A. Estrada 1,a , E. Vargas 2,b , E. Smolentseva 3,c , R.F. Cotta 4,d , V.V. Costa 4,e , E. V. Gusevskaya 4,f , S. 

Fuentes 4,g , A. Simakov 4,h . 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científico y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, 

B.C., México 

2 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería, Área Nanotecnología, UABC, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

25


3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, km.107 carr. Tijuana 

- Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

4 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 

a mestrada@cicese.edu.mx, b eunicev@uabc.edu.mx, c elena@cnyn.unam.mx, e, f elena@ufmg.br, 

g fuentes@cnyn.unam.mx, h andrey@cnyn.unam.mx. 

Keywords: gold nanoparticles, primary alcohols, aerobic oxidation. 

Metal catalyzed oxidations of alcohols which involve O 2 as a final oxidant, currently attract much 

attention due to the low cost of oxygen as a “green oxidant”. Gold nanoparticles (NPs) being among the most 

promising catalysts for these reactions. Au(3 wt.%)/MgO catalyst used for activity test has been prepared by 

the deposition-precipitation technique. Fresh and spent samples were characterized by UV-Vis in situ and 

TEM. It was revealed that Au/MgO is an effective catalyst for the liquid-phase oxidation of a wide range of 

alcohols (1-phenylpropanol, Nerol, perillyl alcohol, isoborneol, carveol, menthol, isopulegol, and citronellol) 

using O 2 as sole oxidant in the absence of any co-catalyst or additive. The authors thank to E. Flores, P. 

Casillas, V. García, F. Ruiz, E. Aparicio, M. Sainz, J. Palomares and J. Peralta for their kind technical support 

in this work. This project was supported by DGAPA–PAPIIT (UNAM, Mexico) through grant 224510. 

P-006 

GOLD SPECIES WITH DIFFERENT SIZE STABILIZED ON NANOSTRUCTURED ALUMINA 

M. López 1a , E. Smolentseva 2b , M. A. Estrada 3c , E. Vargas 4d , B. Acosta 3e , A. Simakov 2f . 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería de Materiales UNAM Km. 107 Carr. Tijuana Ensenada 22860 Ensenada, 

B.C., México 

2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, km.107 Carr. 

Tijuana –Ensenada 22860, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

3 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, 

Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada No. 3918 Fraccionamiento Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, B.C., México. 

4 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería, Área Nanotecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California km.103 

Carr. Tijuana –Ensenada 22860, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

a 

Martinlopez_360 @hotmail.com, b elena@cnyn.unam.mx, c mestrda@cnyn.unam.mx, 

d evargas@cnyn.unam.mx, e bacosta@cnyn.unam.mx. f andrey@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: nanoparticles, gold, in-situ, nanostructured alumina. 

Catalytic properties of supported gold species in the practically important reactions of environmental 

and fine chemistry are determined by the size of these species. The present work was dedicated to the study of 

dynamic formation of gold nanoparticles with different size over nanostructured alumina prepared by sol gel 

technique using organo-metallic precursors. The appearance and sintering of gold species was monitored by 

Mass-UV-Vis-In Situ technique consisting in the combination of high temperature fiber optic UV-Vis 

spectrometer and simultaneous in line analysis of gas phase products with mass-spectrometer. The shape and 

size of obtained gold species in the ready samples were characterized with TEM. Analysis of the steps of gold 

nanoparticles formation resulted in the fabrication of Au/Al 2 O 3 samples with definite size and morphology of 

the gold species. The authors thank E. Flores, F. Ruiz, J.A. Peralta, J. Palomares and O. Callejas for their 

technical assistance. This research project was financially supported by DGAPA–PAPIIT through Grant IN 

224510. 

26


P-007 

INFLUENCE OF THE TIME OF CALCINATION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF MoO 3 NANORODS 

Víctor Soto 1a , Andrea Margarita Arias-Solis 1b and Carlos Antonio Pedroza-López 1c 

1 Chemistry Departament, CUCEI, University of Guadalajara, Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 145, 

Guadalajara Jalísco C.P. 40440, México 

a 

vittoriomx@yahoo.com, b sharon18_fix@hotmail.com, c charli_pedroza@hotmail.com 

Keywords: Nanorods, Molybdenum Oxide, Structure. 

The MoO 3 nanorods were obtained by two differents ways. The hydrothermal method[1], and the 

direct impregnation method. Both processes were compared using the time of calcination like parameter of 

variation. The ammonium heptamolybdate was the precursor material for the synthesis of nanorods. MoO 3 

nanorods show special catalityc, luminicent and precursor properties[2,3]. The characterization of the 

nanorods was performed using SEM and XRD techniques. The X-ray diffractograms were refined by Rietveld 

Method. We obtained the lattice parameters and the orientation of the grow of the MoO 3 nanorods. 

[1] Xiong Wen Lou and Hua Chun Zeng, Hydrothermal Synthesis of alpha-MoO 

3 

Nanorods via Acidification of Ammonium Heptamolybdate Tetrahydrate, (2002), 

Chem. Mater., 14, pp 4781- 4789. 

[2] Jun Song Chen, Yan Ling Cheah, Srinivasan Madhavi and Xiong Wen Lou Fast Synthesis of alpha-MoO 

3 

Nanorods with Controlled Aspect Ratios and Their 

Enhanced Lithium Storage Capabilities, (2010), J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, pp 8675–8678. 

[3] Bin Liu and Hua Chun Zeng, Salt-Assisted Deposition of SnO 

2 

on alpha-MoO 

3 

Nanorods and Fabrication of Polycrystalline SnO 

2 

Nanotubes, (2004), J. Phys. 

Chem. B, 108, pp 5867- 5874. 

P-008 

UNDOPED AND Ag-DOPED ZnO NANOSTRUCTURES GROWN BY PHYSICAL VAPOR 

DEPOSITION 

P. Horta Fraijo 1,2,a , R. García 3,b , D. Berman-Mendoza 3,c ,M. Barboza-Flores 3,d 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia de Materiales, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Av. Miguel de 

Cervantes 120, Complejo Ind. Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México 3,5 

2 Departamento de Física de la Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo sonora México 

3 Departamento de Investigación en Física Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83190 México 

a 

patricia_hf@hotmail.com, b rgarcia@cifus.uson.mx, c daiber@cifus.uson.mx, d mbarboza@cifus.uson.mx 

Keywords: ZnO, PVD, Nanostructures, Optoelectronic. 

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide-band-gap semiconductor with a hexagonal crystalline structure showing a 

direct band-gap of 3.3 eV. ZnO has attracted much attention for applications, such as UV photodetectors, 

solar cells, light emitting diodes and diode lasers. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) technique permits to 

grow doped and undoped ZnO nanostructures. The method consists in a horizontal quartz 3”-diameter tube 

reactor with three heating zones. Ultra high purity Zn and O 2 are used as precursors. Zn is placed in a boat in 

the entrance of the reactor at 600 °C and Zn vapors are carried by a flow of Ar toward substrates that are in 

the middle of the tube at 900 o C where a current of O 2 reacts with the metallic vapor to yield micro- and nanostructures 

of ZnO. Ag-doped ZnO nanostructures were achieved making alloys between zinc and silver. In 

this work different silver concentrations (x = 0.001, 0.005 and 0.01) were used in order to grow Ag:ZnO. The 

morphology and structure of ZnO grown in this work were studied by Electron Microscopy and XRD. Room 

temperature Cathodoluminescence studies revealed two features in the luminescence properties of undoped 

ZnO, first a high-intensity narrow peak centered at 390 nm (~3.2 eV) corresponding to a near-band-to-band 

27


emission, and a broad peak centered around 517 nm (2.4 eV), the typical green-yellow luminescence, related 

to an unintentional doped n-type ZnO. 

P-009 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TANTALUM CARBONITRIDE (TaC x N y ) THIN 

FILMS 

Vargas Bautista Mónica 1,a , W. de la Cruz 2,b , G. Soto 3,c , M. Farías 4,d , H. Castillo 5,e , G. Navarrete 6,f 

1,6 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, CICESE, Carretera Ensenada- 

Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, B.C. Mexico. 

1,2,3,4 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada C.P. 

22860, B.C., Mexico 

5 CETYS, Av. CETYS Universidad s/n Fracc. El Lago, C.P. 22550, Tijuana B.C., México, 

a monik@cnyn.unam.mx, b wencel@cnyn.unam.mx, c gerardo@cnyn.unam.mx, d mario@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e harvi.castillo@cetys.mx, f g navarre@cicese.mx 

Keywords: tantalum nitride; tantalum carbide; tantalum carbonitride; reactive DC magnetron sputtering; 

AES; XRD; XPS. 

In this work, a series of samples of TaC x N y thin films were prepared using a reactive DC magnetron 

sputtering system. The films were deposited on Si (111) wafers. Initially, tantalum nitride (TaN y ) and 

tantalum carbide (TaC x ) thin films were grown at room temperature in an atmosphere of Ar/N 2 or Ar/CH 4 

mixture, respectively. The nitrogen or carbon content (y = [N]/[Ta] or x = [C]/[Ta]), change between 0 and 1 

for a corresponding variation in reactive gas flow, i.e. 0 sccm to 10 sccm for nitrogen or 0 sccm to 4 sccm for 

methane. By this method is possible to achieve sub-, over- and stoichiometric films at different reactive gas 

flows. A series of stoichiometric TaN and TaC films were deposited at different substrate temperature up to 

773 K. The TaC x N y films were subsequently produced at room temperature introducing simultaneously the 

reactive nitrogen/methane gas ratio during sputtering in an argon atmosphere. The reactive methane gas flow 

was kept constant at 4 sccm and the reactive nitrogen gas flow was varying from 2 to 10 sccm. All the 

samples of TaC x N y obtained by this experimental procedure were grown at 773 K. The composition of the 

TaN y , TaC x and 

TaC x N y films produced were analyzed by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). The 

composition was dependent on the reactive gas flow and the growth temperature. The crystalline structure of 

the films was determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Also, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was 

used to study the binding energies of the transition Ta 4f7/2. 

P-010 

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF ZnXCd1-XS SEMICONDUCTOR NANOPARTICLES 

ON MORDENITE 

Humberto Villavicencio García 1,a , Oscar Eugenio Jaime-Acuña 2,b , Vitalii Petranovskii 3,c , Oscar Raymond 

Herrera 3,d 

1 Dirección Nacional de Informática Educativa del Ministerio de Educación de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba 

2 Posgrado en Física de Materiales. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y de Educación Superior de 

Ensenada, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 

CP 22860, Baja California, México 


California, México 

28


a fhvillag@yahoo.es, b ojaime@cnyn.unam.mx, c vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx, d raymond@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Mordenite, microwave, synthesis, semiconductor, nanoparticlres. 

The aim of present work is the growth of mixed ZnxCd1-xS (0 ≤ x ≤1) semiconductor nanoparticles 

in the voids of a mordenite. Commercial zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio equal to 13 was supplied by 

Zeolist International. The synthesis was assisted with an Anton Paar microwave oven, model Synthos 3000. 

The chemical composition, particles morphology and properties of the mordenite powders before and after the 

processes of synthesis of ZnxCd1-xS nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, EDS, SEM, and UV-Vis 

spectroscopy. The results showed that the growth of ZnxCd1-xS nanoparticles under all applied synthesis 

conditions does not affect the zeolite crystal structure. Optical absorption spectra demonstrated typical 

semiconductor patterns, while the band gap energy values (Eg) was varied, depending on Cd/Zn ratio. Such 

dependence permits tuning of light absorption in the visible-ultraviolet range. Acknowledgments: We thank 

E. Flores, I. Gradilla, and E. Aparicio for the excellent technical support. This work was supported by 

CONACYT, México, through Grants 102907 and 127633. 

P-011 

MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS MATERIALS 

O. Tzili 1,a , O. E. Jaime-Acuña 1,b , V. Petranovskii 2,c , O. Raymond 2,d 

1 Programa de Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y de Educación Superior de 

Ensenada-Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 


2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 

Ensenada CP 22860, Baja California, México. 

a otzili@cnyn.unam.mx, b ojaime@cnyn.unam.mx, c vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx, d raymond@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: mesoporous materials, microwave assisted synthesis. 

This work is dedicated to explore the microwave assisted synthesis of mesoporous materials. The 

aim is the fast and controlled grow of compounds to be used as photocatalyst supports. Study of mesoporous 

materials synthesis using a Synthos Anton Paar 3000 ® microwave reactor in the temperature range from 423 

K to 513 K and varying run times of microwave heating from 1 to 6 hours was done. Obtained samples were 

characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. As a result, optimal parameters for synthesis were established. Results 

reveal that mesoporous materials were obtained at the highest temperatures (493 - 513 K) and at heating time 

longer than 3 hours of treatment. Acknowledgments: We thank E. Flores, F. Ruiz, J. Mendoza, M. Vega, I. 

Gradilla and E. Aparicio for the excellent technical support. This work was supported by CONACYT, 

México, through Grants 102907 and 127633. 

P-012 

ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION: INSTRUMENT BUILDING AND CHARACTERIZATION 

H. Tiznado 1,a , D. Domínguez 1,b , W. De la Cruz 1,c and G. Soto 1,d 

1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Km. 107 Carretera 

Tijuana-Ensenada, México 

a tiznado@cnyn.unam.mx, b david@cnyn.unam.mx, c wencel@cnyn.unam.mx, d gerardo@cnyn.unam.mx 

29


Keywords: Atomic layer deposition, automation, growth rate. 

The ever increasing need to build nanoscale devices has led to the search of alternative techniques to 

deposit thin films on complex shaped surfaces. The required characteristics of the deposited films include 

good conformality, step coverage, excellent uniformity, and high repeatability with precise control at atomic 

scale. The atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique fits those requirements; since the deposition is carried out 

trough surface reactions that are both self-saturated and -limited. ALD is a very powerful technique for 

applications like capacitors for integrated circuits, diffusion barriers in transistor and others. In this work we 

present the development of a fully automated atomic layer deposition system built at the CNyN. 

Improvements over other similar systems and automation details are discussed. For example the reactant 

(H 2 O) was relocated out from the main manifold to prevent oxide deposits on the walls of the manifold. This 

help to maintain a constant pressure for at least 2000+ ALD cycles; compared to 200 ALD cycles when the 

water is dosed to the precursor’s manifold. To characterize the system, we prepared Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 films 

from trymethyl aluminum (TMA) and tetrakis (dimethylamino) titanium (TDMAT) chemical precursors, 

respectively, on silica substrate. We present the influence of the precursor type on the saturation behavior, 

which leads to different growing rates of 1.1 Ǻ /cycle for the Al 2 O 3 and 0.9 Ǻ /cycle for TiO 2 . This work was 

financially supported by CONACyT grants #83275 and #82984, and DGAPA IN114209-3. We acknowledge 

the technical assistance of A. Tiznado, E. Medina, J. Díaz and P. Pizá. 

P-013 

ABOUT CONGRUENT SPHERE PACKING IN THE NANOPOROUS STRUCTURES 

Larysa Burtseva 1,a , Vitalii Petranovskii 2,b 

1 Engineering Institute of the Autonomous University of Baja California, Calle de La Normal, S/N, Col. 

Insurgentes Este, C.P. 21270, Mexicali, B.C., Mexico 

2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Apdo. Postal 14, 


a lpb@iing.mxl.uabc.mx, b vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: sphere packing, optimization, packing model, density function, nanopores, 

nanochannel, nanocavity. 

In many cases atoms in the structural models appears as a hard congruent spheres. Crystalline 

structures of simple metals have so called “dense packed structures”. For example, gold have face centered 

cubic structure and in bulk state (that is in infinite volume) has space group Fm3m. While passing from bulk 

to nanoparticles, translational symmetry is lost, and new coordination states appears for clusters and 

nanoparticles, especially for those supported in nanopores of different supports. In this work the problem of 

packing of congruent spheres (atoms) in a cylindrical container (nanochannel) of minimal height is 

considered. While diameter of a channel (D) is less than diameter of sphere (d), no filling happens. Starting 

from D ≥ d, in the range of relatively low D/d ratios, the local arrangement of atoms in nanoparticles 

stabilized inside of nanochannels start to be sensitive to this ratio, in such a way opening possibility for one 

more method of tuning of nanoparticle properties. Zeolites can be not only the “molecular sieves” but clusters 

sieves too. This problem belongs to the optimization problems of Computational Geometry and is known to 

30


be NP-hard, i.e. its exact solution cannot be obtained in a polynomial time. The properties of densest packings 

have been attracted the interest of researches since it is a basic problem of mathematics and physics. In 

consequence of the complexity of the geometry, the pure theoretical results are limited. Therefore, the 

majority of studies are concerned primarily to determine through experimental investigations and numerical 

simulation the mean packing density as well as the mean, radial, axial and angular void fractions. Our case is 

devoted to the sphere packing in the voids of limited size – like grow up of nanoparticles in the nanochannels 

and nanocavities. Several packing structures are analyzed and numerical examples are presented in this study. 

P-014 

MoS 2 CATALYSTS DERIVED FROM n-METHYLENEDIAMMONIUM THIOMOLYBDATES 

L. Romero-Sánchez 1,a , M. Del Valle 1 , R. Romero-Rivera 1 , Y. Espinoza 1 , G. Alonso 2 , M. Ávalos 2,3 , L. de la 

Torre 4 , F. Paraguay 4 , J. Cruz-Reyes 1,b 

1 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México 

2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México 

3 Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, México 

4 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, México 

a lilianbrs@gmail.com, b juancruz@uabc.edu.mx 

Keywords: Molybdenum sulfide, diammonium salts, carbon, hydrodesulfurization, catalysis. 

Increasing evidence suggests that unsupported molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 ) catalysts possess a 

carbide-like phase on their surface, which enhances their hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity (1, 2). Later 

work using tetraalkylthiometallates as MoS 2 catalyst precursors (3), confirms the positive influence of the 

precursor’s carbon content on both HDS and hydrogenation activities. 

Recently, hexamethylene- 

diammonium thiomolybdate and thiotungstate were succesfully tested as alternate MoS 2 catalyst precursors 

(4). This work studies different unsupported MoS 2 catalysts, obtained via the in situ thermal decomposition of 

n-methylenediammonium thiomolybdates (where n=2,4,6,8), for the HDS of dibenzothiophene. 

These 

thiosalts represent a new carbon source for the resulting sulfides and are prepared by the metathesis reaction 

between ammonium thiomolybdate (ATM) and each of the n-methylenediamines. Catalysts are characterized 

by surface area analysis, adsorption measurements and electron microscopy. Catalytic activity was tested in a 

high pressure batch reactor and monitored by gas chromatography. Kinetic data was fitted to a first order 

model and the reaction rates (k) calculated. Overall, the k values of the catalysts derived from n- 

methylendiammonium thiomolybdates are significantly higher (twice or more) than the k of the reference 

catalyst derived by thermal decomposition of ATM. The highest k belongs to the catalyst obtained from 

hexamethylenediammonium thiomolybdate; the lower k for the catalyst derived from the precursor with eight 

methylenes, is attributed to the formation of surface carbon which blocks some of the active sites. 

1. R.R. Chianelli, T.A. Pecoraro, US Patent No. 4,288,422 (1981) to Exxon. 

2. Russell R. Chianelli, Gilles Berhault, Brenda Torres, Catalysis Today 147 (2009) 275. 

3. G. Alonso, M. Del Valle, J. Cruz, V. Petranovskii, A. Licea-Claverie, S. Fuentes, Catal. Today 43 (1998) 117. 

4. G. Alonso-Núñez, R. Huirache-Acuña, F. Paraguay-Delgado, J. A. Lumbreras, R. García-Alamilla, A. Castillo-Mares, R. Romero, R. Somanathan, R. R. Chianelli, 

Catal. Lett. 130 (2009) 318. 

31


P-015 

CL STUDY OF HOLLOW ZnO:B MICRO-RODS GROWN BY THE HYDROTHERMAL METHOD 

R. Camacho 1,a and M Herrera 2,b 

1 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Distrito Federal 04510, 

México 


California 22800, México 

Keywords: ZnO:B, microrods, cathodoluminescence. 

a mrc@ciencias.unam.mx, b zaldivar@cnyn.unam.mx 

Hollow ZnO:B micro-rods were synthesized by a hydrothermal method at atmospheric pressure. A 

chemical decomposition of zinc acetate in a controlled alkaline environment generated the growth of ZnO 

rods with a flower-like morfology. Boron impurities were incorporated in ZnO by the addition of orthoboric 

acid in the chemical synthesis, at several concentrations. SEM images revealed that Boron incorporation 

generated the formation of hollow ZnO microrods, with wall thickness of about 200 nm. A helical growth 

mechanism along the [0001] direction has been proposed to explain the formation of this morphology. CL 

measurements at room temperature show a homogeneous emission along the ZnO:B rods, composed by two 

bands centered at 2.12 and 2.5 eV. CL measurements at 100 K show only the formation of a strong yellow 

emission (2.12 eV). Electrical conductivity along single micro-rods was also studied, using a 

micromanipulator in the SEM. We discuss a possible dependence between the electrical conductivity and 

boron concentration in ZnO micro-rods. 

P-016 

CuFe 2 O 4 NANOSTRUCTURED PARTICLES AS PHOTOCATALYST FOR H 2 GENERATION 

FROM WATER AND SUNLIGHT 

Ortega López Mercedes Yudith 1,a , Salinas Gutiérrez Jesús Manuel 1,b , López Ortiz Alejandro 1,c , Collins- 

Martínez Virginia 1,d 

1 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C., Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnología, Depto. de 

Materiales Nanoestructurados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, C. P. 31109, Chihuahua, Chih. México. 

a yudith.ortega@cimav.edu.mx, b jesus.salinas@cimav.edu.mx, c alejandro.lopez@cimav.edu.mx, 

d virginia.collins@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: Copper Ferrite (CuFe 2 O 4 ), Nanoparticles, Photocatalytic Activity, Water Splitting. 

The present research is aimed to reduce one of the main limitations of photocatalytic processes, 

which deals with higher efficient photocatalysts to be activated under the sunlight spectrum (energy band gap 

between 1.5 to 3eV). The objective of this paper was to study an alternate semiconductor to TiO 2 , which 

presents a lower band gap value than 3.0 eV. This study included; synthesis, characterization and 

photocatalytic evaluation of copper ferrite (CuFe 2 O 4 ) prepared through co-precipitation and thermal treatment 

for the generation of hydrogen under visible light. Characterization of the material was performed by XRD, 

BET, SEM, TEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Results indicate that the material presented only the CuFe 2 O 4 

crystal phase, with a BET surface area of 70 m 2 /g and particle sizes smaller than 10 nm. Photocatalytic 

evaluation under visible light irradiation followed by gas chromatography resulted in the hydrogen production 

32


of 6.25 mmolesg cat -1 . This result makes this material a good candidate to be used as a photocatalyst for 

hydrogen generation. 

P-017 

LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF DYSPROSIUM-ACTIVATED HYDROXYAPATITE IN 

HUMAN URINE 

Sergio Castro Aranda 1,a , M. J. Oviedo 2,b , O.E. Contreras 3 and G.A. Hirata 3,c . 

1 Facultad de ingeniería, arquitectura y diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera Ensenada 

Tijuana Km 103, CP 22800, Ensenada, Baja California, México. 


22800, Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km 107 carretera 

Ensenada-Tijuana, CP 22800, Ensenada, Baja California, México 

a s.castro89@me.com, b moviedo@cnyn.unam.mx, c hirata@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, luminescence, biomarker, red phosphor. 

Luminescence and mesoporous dysprosium-activated hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 :Dy 3+ , 

HAp:Dy 3+ ) nanopowders have been synthesized at different dysprosium concentrations (0.5, 2.5, 5 and 10 %) 

by L-tartaric acid-assisted sol-gel method and subsequently annealing at two different temperatures 800 and 

1000 C. The nanopowders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology by transmission 

electron microscopy (TEM), the chemical composition with energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), and optical 

properties by photoluminescence (PL). The HAp:Dy 3+ 

33 

nanopodwer presented a red emission when was 

excited with 350 nm. The PL analysis shows the contribution of three fundamental emissions peaks; one 

centered at 484 nm ( 4 F 9/2 6 H 15/2 ), the second at 575 nm ( 4 F 9/2 6 H 13/2 ) and the third at 767 nm ( 6 F 5/2 6 H 15/2 ), 

these emission peaks are attributed to the intraionic transitions of Dy 3+ ions. The HAp:Dy 3+ nanopowders 

preserved their luminescence in human urine. The luminescence properties of HAp:Dy 3+ 

important application as biomarker. 

P-018 

may find an 

FORMATION OF A NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL HYDROXYAPATITE TITANIUM VIA A 

CHEMICAL ROUTE 

R. M. Lima García 1, , A. Herrera Vázquez 2,b 

1 Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, 

Qro .C.P. 76230 

2 Facultad de Superior de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM Carretera Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. México C. 

P. 54714 

Titanium metallic has been used as dental implant, being a common practice to treat the material 

with some chemical agents before its use to promote bioactivity. In this work we study the chemical groups 

developed on titanium powder with the purpose to study the growth of hydroxyapatite on the metal surface 

and consolidate the material as densely as possible in order to study its mechanical behavior. The titanium 

was treated with a basic solution at low temperatures under argon atmosphere using different concentration of 

the basic solution. The samples obtained were annealed and after the treatment we obtain its Raman spectra 

and the material was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The main finding was nanostructure


developed on the metal powder. This material was introduced in a suspension of Ca(OH) 2 and was added 

phosphoric acid in a stoichiometric proportion to growth the hydroxyapatite phase on titanium particles. 

Once the reaction was finished we aged the solution, subsequently the powders were, washed , filtered and 

dried and studied by x ray diffraction pattern we observed two principal features an improvement of the 

cristallinity as function of the treatment of the titanium and the small size of the nanocystalline composite 

powder hydroxyapatite – titanium formed. The powders obtained were pressed and sintered, the material 

showed hardness was in the order of 450HV200 by x ray technique we observed the development of a 

vitreous phase in the sintered material. By this methodology we arrived to a nanocomposite powder whose 

characteristics favors its possible use in future studies, it means, by the control of the quantity and 

composition of components it is possible to develop functionally graded materials. 

P-019 

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES BUNDLES IN 

GLASS TUBING 

U. J. Tamayo-Perez 1a , A. Martínez-Ruíz 1b 

1 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Km. 103 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P. 

22800, Baja California, México 

Keywords: bulk Resistivity MWCNT Density bundles 

a uli1234567@gmail.com, b alejandro@uabc.edu.mx 

Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by Iijima[1], have been intensively investigated for 

their outstanding physical and chemical properties. There are some technical difficulties of electrical 

resistivity measurements on an individual CNT, as well as the results are very sample-dependent. The 

electrical properties and the associated measurement techniques of bulk; bundles, ribbons or ropes of CNTs 

provide an alternative approach to study a macroscopic scale of both basic science and applications of CNTs 

[2]. In this work, a mass known of MWNTs have been placed into the insulating glass cylinder at room 

temperature where it is compacted for metal electrodes reducing the volume of the bundle, with advances of 

066µm, in each advances the density is increases and the resistance decreases between two electrodes. Under 

the maximum compressive stress of 109 MPa the measurements of bulk of MWNTs as the Ohmic I–V 

characteristic. This new methodology not only provides an effective path to measurement electrical properties 

is the way to characterization in spongy regime for potential applications as gas sensors [3-4]. 

Acknowledgments: This work is partially supported through a student grant from CONACyT. We thank to 

Dr. Gerardo Soto H., Dr. José Valenzuela B. and Ing. Israel Gradilla M. from CNyN-UNAM for helpful 

discussions and assistance with the experiments. 

[1]S. Iijima, Nature 354 (1991) 56. 

[2] R.Z. Ma, C.L. Xu, B.Q.Wei, J. Liang, D.H.Wu, D.J. Li, Mater. Res. Bull. 34 (1999) 741. 

[3] P. Singjai ∗ , S. Changsarn, S. Thongtem, Materials Science and Engineering A 443 (2007) 42–46. 

[4] Woo-Sung Cho, Seung-Il Moon, Yang-Doo Lee, IEEE Electron Device Letters, VOL. 26, NO. 7, July 2005. 

34


P-020 

EFFICIENCY OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE DEFECT CREATION IN MIXED KCl (1-x) Br x :Eu 

CRYSTALS EXPOSED TO UV LIGHT AND IONIZING RADIATION 

R. Ruíz-Torres 1a , T.M. Piters 2b 

1 

Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales de la Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 130, 

Hermosillo, Sonora, México. 

2 

Departamento de Investigación en Física de la Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-088, Hermosillo, 

Sonora, México. 

a rodolfo.r.t@hotmail.com 

Keywords: KCl (1-x) Br x :Eu, thermoluminescence ,Europium. 

The TL efficiency in the binary system KCl (1-x) Br x doped with divalent europium is investigated for 

beta and UV irradiation as a function of the composition parameter x. The results were corrected for the mass 

of the sample, the Eu content and the spectral intensity of the excitation source. The results can be divided in 

three parts: TL induced by (1) ionizing radiation, (2) high energetic UV (195 nm) and (3) low energetic UV 

(in the range from 200-325 nm). The TL glow curves induced by the ionizing radiation and high energetic UV 

are very similar in shape for all compositions and exist of a dominant TL peak related to F-centers. The high 

energetic UV induced TL creation is relatively more efficient for the compositions with high Br content with 

respect to the beta induced TL creation. The TL glow curves induced by the low energetic UV are more 

complex and the creation spectrum exists of several bands in the range from 200 to 325 nm. Preliminary 

results suggest that the TL creation efficiency by this radiation is relative more efficient for the middle 

compositions with respect to the beta induced TL creation. The results are discussed in terms of F and H or F z 

and H center creation by electronic excitation. The main idea is that the mobility of the H center in the 

different compositions is determined by the energy and impulse transfer efficiency between adjacent halogen 

ions. This transfer efficiency depends on the relative masses of the adjacent halogen ions and is maximal for 

equal masses. 

P-021 

SYNTHESIS AND DEPOSIT OF ZnO-SiO 2 COMPOSITES BY SOL-GEL METHOD 

R. Pérez-Cuapio 1,a , H. Juárez 1,b M. Pacio 1,c , , E. Rosendo 1,d , G. García 1,e , T. Díaz 1,f , A. Alvarado 1,g and C. 

Bueno 1,h . 

1 Centro de Investigación en Dispositivos Semiconductores, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 

Sur and Av. San Claudio, San Manuel, 72570, Puebla, México. 

a reneperezcuapio@gmail.com, b hjuarez@cs.buap.mx, c mauriciopcmx@yahoo.com.mx, 

d enrique171204@gmail.com, e godgarcia@yahoo.com, f tomas.diaz.be@gmail.com, 

g winner666@hotmail.com, h cba3009@gmail.com 

Keywords: spin-coating, sol-gel, composites, band gap. 

Zinc oxide-silica (ZnO-SiO 2 ) composites consisting of ZnO nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric 

matrix was prepared by sol-gel method. The films were deposited on glass substrate via spin-coating 

technique. All the films were pre-heated at 300 °C for 10 minutes after each coating. This procedure was 

repeated 5 times. The films were subsequently annealing at 500 °C for two hours in O 2 atmosphere. The UV- 

Vis measurements were performed to determine the corresponding band gap (4.13 eV). The transmittance 

35


spectra show that the films are transparent at 70% in visible range. The room temperature photoluminescence 

(PL) measurements of ZnO-SiO 2 composite films show UV emission (3.16 eV) which is generate by 

annealing in oxygen atmosphere. The thickness of the films annealing was measured by ellipsometry, this 

value obtained was between 640 and 660 nm. 

P-022 

CATALYTIC OXIDATION PROCESSES OVER GOLD NANOPARTICLES SUPPORTED ON 

MESOPOROUS SILICA 

N. Bogdanchikova 1,a , A. Pestryakov 1,2 , I. Tuzovskaya 1 , T.A. Zepeda 1 , M.H. Farias 1 , O.Martynyuk 1 , 2 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 14, C. 

P. 22800, Ensenada, México 

2 Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia 

a nina@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: gold, nanoparticles, active sites, CO oxidation, alcohol oxidation. 

Supported gold nanoparticles are well-known as active catalysts for various important processes. 

Structural and electronic properties of gold nanoparticles supported on Ce, Ti and Fe-modified hexagonal 

mesoporous silica (HMS) were studied by XRD, TEM, FTIR, UV-vis. spectroscopy, XPS, N 2 adsorption and 

EDS techniques. These materials were used as heterogeneous catalysts for CO oxidation as well as liquidphase 

aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes. A comparative analysis of spectroscopic and catalytic data 

allows suggesting that Au n δ+ clusters or/and Au + ions are responsible for the activity in the low-temperature 

region (< 200 o C); neutral Au n clusters are active in the range 200-400 o C; and gold nanoparticles may catalyze 

the high-temperature CO oxidation. The experiments also showed that nanosized gold supported on pure 

HMS and on HMS modified by Ce, Ti or Fe oxides is an effective catalyst for the oxidation of alcohols to 

aldehydes and esters, for example, benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and methyl benzoate. The activation effect 

of modifiers seems to be associated with their influence on the electronic state of the supported gold. 

P-023 

COMPARISON OF (Ni OR Co)Mo/Al 2 O 3 CATALYSTS SYNTHESIZED BY MICROEMULSION 

José Luis Munguía Guillén 1,a , José António de los Reyes Heredia 1,b and Tomás Viveros García 1,c 

1 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana – Iztapalapa. Av San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Col.Vicentina. C.P.09340 

Del. Iztapalapa DF México. 

a jlmgg@hotmail.com, b jarh@xanum.uam.mx, c tvig@xanum.uam.mx 

Keywords: Microemulsion, nanoparticles, catalysts, hydrodesulfurization. 

The preparation of catalysts by the microemulsion method has allowed the development of supported 

active phases with interesting properties in their catalytic performance This method provides nanostructured 

supported metals with interesting applications as heterogeneous catalysts. The water/oil microemulsion uses 

surfactant molecules to stabilize the water/oil interface of nanosized water droplets, that are dispersed in an 

organic solvent. These water droplets consist in an aqueous solution of the metals precursors. In this work, 

NiMo and CoMo /Al 2 O 3 catalysts were prepared by this method and the influence of the metal content was 

evaluated in the HDS of dibenzothiophene. The synthesis procedure was studied in order to establish the set 

36


of conditions leading to active HDS catalysts, comparing both catalysts. The preparation of solutions, using 

diagrams of complexation, determined the range of pH, which gives the required catalytic particles, becoming 

in the process, encapsulation of the microemulsion solutions, achieving a uniform concentration of each 

metal, in the microemulsion. The synthesized samples were analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance before 

and after being burned, determine the formation of tetrahedral species during calcination. Later analysis by 

Transmission Electron Microscopy and Espectroscopy RAMAN, identified the species of each metal on the 

support. On the other hand reaction tests showed results indicating that the new preparation method, increases 

the catalytic activity with respect to the catalyst used as reference, in both cases nickel catalyst being the most 

active. Nitrogen physisorption tests showed that the synthesized catalysts have areas comparable to industrial 

catalyst. In conclusion, the catalyst synthesized by microemulsion, indicating that the method of synthesis 

makes it possible to control the composition and distribution of metals in the medium, compared with the 

traditional method of synthesis of industrial catalysts. Thereby, specific structural properties, the synthesized 

catalysts, for use in HDS. 

P-024 

Au@ZrO 2 YOLK-SHELL NANOREACTORS 

Viridiana Evangelista H. 1,a , Brenda J. Acosta R. 1,b , Andrey Simakov 3,c 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada 

(CICESE), Ensenada, B.C., 22860, México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (CNyN-UNAM), 

Ensenada, BC, 22860, México. 

a vevangel@cnyn.unam.mx, b bracosta@cnyn.unam.mx, c andrey@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Nanoreactors, yolk-shell, Au@ZrO 2 . 

Nanoreactors represents a new generation of heterogeneous catalysts. Their structure consists in the 

encapsulation of a metal core in a mesoporous shell. Nanoreactors are chemically and thermally more stable 

than traditional supported catalysts. The cores of Au@ZrO 2 nanoreactors were synthesized via chemical 

reduction of HAuCl 4 with sodium citrate with following stabilization of obtained gold nanoparticles with 

polyvinylpyrrolidone. The silica shell as a template of the final zirconium oxide shell was formed according 

to Stöber method. Finally the yolk-shell Au@ZrO 2 structure was obtained by treatment with NaOH 1M. 

According to TEM analysis yolk-shell Au@ZiO 2 structure formed at the end of NaOH treatment are 

characterized with gold nanoparticles with diameter 10-15 nm and external zirconia spherical shell with 

diameter ~120 nm and wall thickness about 4.5 nm. The authors thank E. Flores, F. Ruiz, J.A. Peralta, J. 

Palomares and O. Callejas for their assistance in conducting this work. This research project was supported by 

DGAPA–PAPIIT Grant IN 224510. 

P-025 

PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF 4-NITROPHENOL 

Montalvo R. C 1 ., Aguilar U. C 1 ., Cerón B. J 1 ., Cerón B. R 1 ., Cordova Q. V 1 ., Reyes 

1 Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México. 

c_montalvo10@hotmail.com 

37


Keywords: 4-nitrophenol, photodegradation, TiO 2 . 

The photocatalytic degradation of 4 nitrophenol was investigated using the TiO 2 as catalyst. Different 

concentrations of 4 nitrophenol were in use (20 to 200 ppm) used 0.2 g of catalyst for every 100 mL of 

solution. The experiments were carried out in a reactor, which consistent of a cylinder constructed of stainless 

steel in finished mirror, with 4 lamps of ultraviolet light (UV) of 15 watts (365 nm) and with agitation. 

Samples of reaction took to certain intervals of time, the samples were leaked by means of a membrane 

Millipore by a diameter of pore of 0.22 m. The taken samples were analyzed by means of a Uv-vis model 

DR-5000 and for high perfomance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Agilent model 1 100. Some samples of 

the degradation reaction of 4-nitrophenol was evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscop. These results did not detect 

other signals that could be correlated to other species, for which only sees the decrease in the intensity of the 

peak at 320 nm corresponding to the chemical degradation of the molecule of 4-nitrophenol. The times of 

degradation was 300 minutes and observe that in average 90 % of conversion was obtained. Being observed 

that the samples to low concentration had a behavior of agreement to a reaction of first order and those of 

high concentration had a trend of order zero. I detect to him that after 90 minutes intermediary products 

appeared, one of which was the hidroquinone. Observed 

intermediary. 

P-026 

that after 90 minutes the turned out to be 

SYNTHESIS OF MONO AND BIMETALLIC COLLOIDAL PARTICLES VIA MICROFLUIDIC 

MIXER 

Brenda Acosta R. 1,a , Viridiana Evangelista H. 1,b Miguel A. Estrada A. 1,c , Martín López C. 2,d , Andrey 

Simakov 3,e . 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada 

(CICESE), Ensenada, B.C., 22860, México. 

2 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (CNyN- 

UNAM), Ensenada, BC, 22860, México. 

3 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (CNyN-UNAM), 

Ensenada, BC, 22860, México. 

a bracosta@cnyn.unam.mx, b vevangel@cnyn.unam.mx, c mestrada@cnyn.unam.mx, 

d martinlopez@cnyn.unam.mx, e andrey@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Bimetallic nanoparticles, microfluidic device, Au, Pd. 

Nanoparticles have unique properties based on their sizes, shapes, morphology and composition. 

Bimetallic nanoparticles, due to their bimetallization, can improve properties of the original single metal or 

create new ones. The colloidal dispersions of bimetallic nanoparticles have some advantages, like the 

elucidation without the effect of the metal support interaction, in comparison with the supported ones. 

Microfluidic devices, designed to manipulate fluids in microchannels, have been developed to synthesize 

nanoparticles with narrow size distribution. This abstract is focused in the mono (Au, Pd) and bimetallic (Au- 

Pd) colloidal nanoparticles synthesis carried out by continuous laminar flow via microfluidic systems. The 

characterization of the resulting nanoparticles was carried out by TEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy. According 

TEM images, a narrow particle size distribution was obtained. The nanoparticles dynamic formation was 

38


study by following the gold plasmon resonance peak in UV-Vis. Was found the directed relation between the 

flow rates with the particle size distribution. Other factors which determine the properties of the final 

nanoparticles were studied. The authors would like to thank to O. Callejas, E. Flores, F. Ruiz, J. Peralta, M. 

Sainz and J. Palomares for their contribution; additionally to DGAPA-PAPPIT (UNAM-Mexico) project Nº. 

224510. 

P-027 

DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSPERANT THIN FILM NANOSTRUCTURE 

DEVICE 

U.N. Trivedi 1 and U.S. Joshi 2 

1 Department of Instrumentation & Control, Vishwakarma Government Engineering College, Chandkheda, 

Gandhinagar-382 424, India 

2 Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380 009, India 

rickytrivedi@yahoo.com, usjoshi@gmail.com 

Keywords: Transparent device, Nanostructured Thin film 

“Transparent electronics” is an emerging technology that employs wide band-gap semiconductors for 

the realization of invisible circuits for next generation optoelectronic devices [1-2]. Transparent 

nanostructured devices consisting of p-NiO and n-ITO as well as p-NiO and n-ZnO were fabricated by low 

cost solution growth and their properties were investigated. We have grown “all oxide” transparent p-n 

junction thin film nanostructure device by using chemical solution deposition (CSD) and e-beam evaporation 

onto SiO 2 substrate. The oxide p-n junction consisting of p-NiO and n-ITO was characterized by GIXRD, 

AFM, UV-Vis. spectroscopy and I-V measurements. Combined GIXRD and AFM confirm phase pure, monodisperse 

30 nm NiO and ITO nanocrystallites. Better than 70% optical transparency is achieved across 160 

nm thick p-n junction. The optical band gap across the junction was found to decrease as compare to the 

intrinsic ITO and NiO. 

Figure 1 UV-Vis. absorption spectra of p-n junction consisting of p-NiO and n-ITO thin films. Inset shows the actual picture of the 

film.The letter “A’ is marked beneath the p-n junction. 

39


The current voltage (I-V) characteristics show rectifying nature with dynamic transfer resistance ratio 

of the order of 10 3 in the forward bias condition. Fig. 2 (a, b) show the current voltage characteristics in the 

forward and reverse bias respectively. 

Figure 2. I-V characteristics of p-n junction consisting of p-NiO and n-ITO thin films. 

In the forward bias condition the curve, as shown in fig. 2 (a), exhibit the rectifying properties, 

indicating proper formation of the junction. Fairly high current values of the order of 300 µ A has been 

obtained at 0.35 V and the turn-on voltage obtained ~ 0.06 V. A small leakage current as low as 12 nA was 

observed at a reverse bias of –5 V. Previously, Tonooka and co-authors [3] reported the average turn on 

voltage of their n-ZnO / p-Cu-Al-O diode ~ 0.5 V, which is higher than our p-NiO/n-ITO diodeThe observed 

optical and electrical properties of oxide transparent diode are attributed to the heteroepitaxial nature and 

carrier diffusion at the junction interface. 

1. A.J. Freeman, K.R. Poeppelmeier, T.O. Mason, R.P.H. Chang, T.J. Marks, MRS Bull. (August) (2000) 45. 

2. J.F. Wager, Science 300 (2003) 1245. 

3.Tonooka K, Bando H, Aiura Y, Thin Solid Films, 445 (2003) 327 

P-028 

INSITU FORMATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES COATED WITH POLY(N,N´- 

DIETHYLAMINOETHYLMETHACRYLATE) 

A. Licea-Claveríe 1,a , N.A. Cortez-Lemus 1 , G. Alonso-Núñez 2 and F. Paraguay-Delgado 3 

1 Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, A.P. 1166, 22000 Tijuana, B.C., 

México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, KM 107 

Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, B.C., México 

3 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV) S.C., C.P. 31109 Chihuahua, Chih., México 

a aliceac@tectijuana.mx 

Keywords: Polymers, Nanoparticles, Gold, polyelectrolytes. 

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been the focus of intense research over the past decade due to their 

unique properties and potential application in many areas including biomedical materials, optics, electronics 

and catalysis. Thiol chemistry has been widely used to modify the surface of AuNPs with different molecules, 

including polymers. Recently, there have been numerous reports utilizing amine containing copolymers that 

can act as both a reducing agent and a stabilizing agent in the synthesis of AuNPs. In this contribution we 

report the use of RAFT polymerization to prepare poly(N.N´-ditehylaminoethylmethacrylate) (PDEAEM) 

40


controlling it´s molecular weight and polydispersity. This polymer contains in every repeating unit a tertiariy 

amine group that can be ionized in dependence on pH. A conventional synthetic method for the preparation of 

AuNPs starting with HAuCl 4 and tribasic sodium citrate as a mild reducing agent, was modified to include 

PDEAEM as stabilizing and additional reacting agent with the formed AuNPs. This study include the 

variation of the pH of the reaction medium, the use of organic solvents as medium and the variation of 

PDEAEM molecular weight; in the characteristics of the AuNPs prepared. The PDEAEM coated AuNPs were 

characterized UV-spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmision electron microscopy (TEM). 

The results demonstrate that the AuNPs interact strongly with PDEAEM and that the reaction medium has an 

impact on the size and shape of AuNPs prepared. Varying the synthetic conditions, AuNPs in different sizes 

and homogeneous distributions can be prepared. 

P-029 

ANNEALING EFFECTS ON OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF ITO THIN FILMS FOR DYE 

SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 

Carolina Castro 1,a , Rocío Alfaro 1,b , Eduardo Pérez 1,c , Eduardo Martínez 2,d 

1 FCFM-UANL, Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, CP 66451 

2 CIMAV, Alianza Norte 202, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Apodaca, Nuevo León, 

México, CP 66600 

a v.carolina.castro@gmail.com, b alfachio@gmail.com, c eduardo.pereztj@uanl.edu.mx, 

d eduardo.martinez@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: ITO, Electric properties, Optical transmittance, heat treatment, Sputtering. 

The sputtering is widely used for ITO and this technique normally require either a high substrate 

temperature during deposition or a post deposition annealing treatment of the films at high temperature (300- 

700°C) to enhance crystallinity. Moreover, the optical and electrical properties of ITO layers are influenced 

by these treatments. Thus, the effects of annealing on optical and electrical properties of ITO films have been 

investigated. The results showed that the annealing had substantial effects on the film properties, in particular 

on resistivity. Optical transmission in the visible region for this thin films was found to be above 85%. The 

band gap increased with respect to the increment in film thickness. We also measured the thickness effect on 

the resistivity and Hall coefficient of the films, and calculated the carrier concentration and Hall mobility. The 

resistivities after annealing films of about 10 -4 Ohms-cm were obtained. These ITO thin films were used to 

fabricate dye sensitive solar cells. 

P-030 

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS CHITOSAN/GELATIN HYDROGELS 

WITH POLYMER PARTICLES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 

Zaira Y. García-Carvajal 1 *, V. Martínez López 1 , D. Garciadiego-Cazeres 1 ,E. Villalobos Córdoba 2 , F. M. 

Sánchez-Arévalo 3 *, E. Fregoso Israel 3 , M. Canseco Martínez 3 , C. Velasquillo 1 , A. Izaguirre 2 , G. Luna- 

B rcenas 4 , A. Mauricio Sánchez 4 , L. Solis 5 , and C. Ibarra 1 * 

1 Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit. Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación. 

Avda. México Xochimilco No. 289. Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, C.P. 14389. Tlalpan. Mexico, D.F . 

2 Sport Medicine and Arthroscopy, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación. 

41


3 Instituto de Investigación en Materiales. UNAM. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 

04510, México, D. F 

4 Polymers & Biopolymers Research Group, Cinvestav Queretaro. Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000 Fracc. 

Real de Juriquilla. Querétaro, Querétaro. C.P. 76060. México. 

5 Electron Microscopy Department, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación. 

cibarra@inr.gob.mx, fsanchez@iim.unam.mx, zygarcia@inr.gob.mx, zaira.yunuen@gmail.com 

Keywords: List the keywords that best describe the contents of your paper. 

Hydrogels are already being utilized as tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery systems in the 

field of biology and medicine. Advances in the life sciences will require novel porous polymers hydrogels and 

particles. Both will also likely to play increasing role in cartilage tissue engineering. Extensive research in the 

design of biomaterials for articular cartilage repair, there remains a need for the development of materials 

with the mechanical compliance to function synergistically with healthy cartilage, but porous enough to allow 

for tissue integration. In this study, porous hydrogels of chitosan/gelatin/ Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) 

particles were prepared using a novel technique consisting of a double emulsion process. The hydrogel 

emulsions were physically cross-linked by freeze–thaw cycling. Dry materials were chemically treated with 

sodium hydroxide, xylols, alcohols and finally photocrosslinking with UV radiation. The hydrogels had a high 

porosity and polymer particles embedded observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). 

Moreover, cell viability and cell adhesion were tested by Live/Dead kit and ESEM. Biopsy samples of the 

articular cartilage were obtained from intercondylar area of male with a post-traumatic defect of anterior 

cruciate ligament. Samples were digested to isolate and to culture chondrocytes onto hydrogels. Mechanical 

properties in dry materials showed a unimodal behavior (41 MPa ±10 young modulus), while wet materials 

showed a bimodal behavior (148 KPa ±24 and 254 KPa ±27 Young modulus). Chemical interactions were 

tested by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies. These materials are good 

candidates for tissue engineering of cartilage because they can provide a porous matrix through which 

chondrocytes can migrate and proliferate. 

P-031 

FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES WITH CYCLODEXTRINS FOR 

HYDROXIAPATITE GROWTH 

Guerra López Elizabeth Danae 1,a , Alonso Nuñez Gabriel 1,b Rogel Hernández Eduardo 2,c 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera 

Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P 22860, Ensenada B.C. México 

2 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ave. Calzada Tecnológico 14418 C.P. 22390, Tijuana, B. C. 

México 

a danae_gl@cnyn.unam.mx, b galonso@cnyn.unam.mx, c eduardorogel60@yahoo.com 

Keywords: Hydroxiapatite, Carbon Nanotubes, β-Cyclodextrin, Simulated Body Fluid. 

Recently, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) using different matrices, such as; 

nanoparticles and nanotubes, has received much attention for the surface modification of implant materials to 

promote interaction with living bone tissues owing to its similar chemical composition and crystal structure as 

natural apatite in the human skeleton 1 . In the present work, artificial Hydroxiapatite was prepared by in situ 

42


deposition in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD), using simulated body 

fluid (SBF), a well known technique proposed for Kokubo et al, analogous to physiological conditions 

(37°C). Our study focuses in the HA morphology and particle size effect due to the incorporation of β-CD on 

the CNTs surface; growth of HA was evaluated at different soaking times in SBF. We expect that chemical 

modification of CNTs with β-CD develop nanostructured HA, resulting in products tailored to have 

enhancement biocompatibility and improved mechanical properties as a potential novel biomaterial. 

P-032 

THE EFFECT OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS ON PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS 

Nina Bogdanchikova 1, a , Roberto Vazquez 2, b , Ernestina Castro 2, c 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM (México) 

2 Departamento de Microbiología Experimental y Aplicada, CICESE (México) 

a nina@cnyn.unam.mx, b vazquezm@cicese.edu.mx, c ecastro@cicese.mx 

Keywords: Bionanotechnology, Silver nanoparticles, Bionanomedicine, Nanobiotics. 

This is a review work that focuses on the international research related to the use of nanostructured 

materials and their interaction with the pathogenic microorganisms´ cells. The main topic is about the effect, 

at different biochemical and biological levels, of nanostructured materials (mainly silver nanoparticles), in 

common pathogenic microorganisms, when they are exposed to these nanomaterials. The most common 

pathogenic microorganisms are bacteria and fungi, which cause several of the major diseases known, and 

some of them are acquired at the hospital. Besides, many of these microorganisms are multi-resistant to 

commercial antibiotics, making it more difficult to treat these diseases. Nanomaterial´s antibiotic-like 

properties might surpass the resistance of microorganisms. 

P-033 

EFFECTS OF SILICON SOURCES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF MORDENITE TYPE ZEOLITES 

Humberto Villavicencio García 1,a , Oscar Eugenio Jaime-Acuña 2,b , Vitalii Petranovskii 3,c , Oscar Raymond 

Herrera 3,d 

1 Dirección Nacional de Informática Educativa del Ministerio de Educación de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba 

2 Posgrado en Física de Materiales. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y de Educación Superior de 

Ensenada, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 



California, México 

a fhvillag@yahoo.es, b ojaime@cnyn.unam.mx, c vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx, d raymond@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolite, mordenite, synthesis. 

Zeolites are excellent host materials because of their highly regular porosity in the nanoscale. These 

channels and cavities can be filled with semiconductor nanoparticles, and such hybrid materials with 

photoactive properties are very attractive for development of new photocatalysts. It is evident, that not only 

structure of zeolite matrix, but the shape of crystals will also influence the properties of resulted materials. 

The aim of this work was to study the effects of different silica sources on the morphology of synthesized 

particles. After synthesis, samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy and superficial 

43


area. For all Si sources used, the mordenite structure was obtained lacking significant differences. 

Morphology of mordenite particles is dependent on the Si sources. Optical absorption data shows the 

modification of zeolite absorption in UV range. Acknowledgments: We thank E. Flores, F. Ruiz and E. 

Aparicio for the excellent technical support. This work was supported by CONACYT, México, through 

Grants 102907 and 127633. 

P-034 

TWO DIFFERENT COPPER STATES IN ZEOLITES 

A. Efimov 1,2,a , A. Kiselev 1,b , S. Zubtsov 1,c , F. Chavez Rivas 3,d , R. Zamorano Ulloa 3,e , H. Tiznado Vazquez 2,f , 

F. F. Castillón Barraza 2,g and V. Petranovskii 2,h 

1 Department of Chemistry, Sankt Petersburg State University, Sankt Petersburg, Russia 




a aefimov@cnyn.unam.mx, b drower@yandex.ru, c szubtsov@yandex.ru, d fchavez@esfm.ipn, 

e davozam@yahoo.com, f htiznado@cnyn.unam.mx, g ffcb@cnyn.unam.mx, h vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolites, Copper, XPS, EPR. 

Copper containing zeolites are perspective catalysts, and modification of their properties is important 

goal. This work is devoted to the study of copper ion positions in zeolite matrices. Copper cations were 

exchanged in mordenite, zeolite X, ZSM-5 and erionite from 0.1 N aqueous solutions of different copper salts 

(nitrates, chlorides, acetates and ammoniates). Electronic state of copper in ion-exchanged samples treated at 

different temperatures in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres was evaluated by UV-Vis, XPS and EPR 

spectroscopies. Depending on copper concentration, source of copper, as well as consequent thermal 

treatment, copper was found to be distributed into two different accessible sites in zeolite channels. These 

copper ions are stabilized as isolated species with well defined oxygen coordination polyhedra. Analysis of 

these effects permits understanding of the general dependencies of copper chemistry in the nanovoids of 

zeolite matrices. 

P-035 

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH GERMANATE 

A.Ureña. 1,a , M. J. Oviedo 2,b , O. Contreras 3 , G.A. Hirata 3,c and J. McKittrick 4 

1 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Ingeniería (FIAD). K.M. 103 Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada, Ensenada, B. C. 


22800. Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km. 107 carretera 

Ensenada-Tijuana, CP 22800. Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

4 University of California at San Diego, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Materials Science and 

Engineering Program, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411 

a urenaa@uabc.edu.mx b moviedo@cnyn.unam.mx, c hirata@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: BGO, photoluminescence, scintillator. 

In recent years, bismuth germanate (Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 , BGO) has received much attention due to its 

scintillation properties. BGO is generally used in the single crystal form and, as a consequence of the 

44


difficulty of producing these single crystals, suitable replacements have been investigated [1]. In this work we 

report the synthesis of BGO nanoparticles by pressure-assisted combustion synthesis and subsequent 

annealing. The resulting nanoparticles under fast and slow thermal treatments consisted of spherical and 

faceted shape crystallites, respectively. Both samples produced blueish-white luminescence when excited with 

UV photons (4.3 eV). The samples showed two contributions in photoluminescence, the first centered at 2.80 

eV, which is associated with defects, and the second centered at 2.40 eV, corresponding to the typical BGO 

luminescence associated with the 3 P 1 1 S 0 of Bi 3+ electron transition. The RL shows that predominant 

emission is centered at 2.37 eV. The authors acknowledge technical assistance provided by E. Aparicio, I. 

Gradilla, and financial support from CONACYT (Grant No. 100555) and DGAPA UNAM (Grant IN- 

114010). 

[1] K. Nitsch and M. Rodova, Therm. Anal. Calorim. 91, 137 (2008). 

P-036 

SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF QUANTUM DOTS FOR TRYPTOPHAN 

DETECTION 

Tirado-Guizar Antonio 1,a , Pina-Luis Georgina 1,b and Paraguay-Delgado Francisco 2,c 

1 Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, A. P. 1166, Tijuana CP 22500, BC, 

Mexico. 

2 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C., Departamento de Física de Materiales, Av. Miguel 

de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, CP 31109 Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico 

a guizarantonio@gmail.com, b gpinaluis@yahoo.com, c francisco.paraguay@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: quantum dots detection tryptophan fret. 

The use of nanocrystalline semiconductors (quantum dots, QDs) with superior optical and electronic 

properties has had great progress in recent years. The functionalization of nanoparticles with an organic 

ligand or receptor gives them appropriate nanoparticle stability in different solvents, and suitable properties 

for recognition, which makes them a powerful analytical tool. In this paper we report the results of studies on 

the synthesis of QDs. We used three methods to obtain the QDs and established the best conditions of 

temperature, reaction time and stabilizing agent to produce homogeneous nanocrystals, monodisperse, with 

narrow photoluminescence spectra with appropriate quantum yields in organic solvents. The response profile 

of the modified QDs with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) against tryptophan (TRP) showed a linear 

variation of the fluorescence intensity with the concentration of TRP. This behavior is the result of a Förster 

resonance energy transfer mechanism (FRET). It was established that the detection of tryptophan in the 

presence of amino acids that have intrinsic fluorescence, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine and glycine without 

fluorescence, did not affect the intensity of fluorescence of the QDs, so we conclude that they don’t interfere 

in the determination of tryptophan. It is expected that other amino acids such as alanine, proline, leucine, 

among others, would not interfere in the determination of tryptophan. 

P-037 

EFFECT OF COBALT BASE ALLOYS ON THE FORMATION OF MINERAL TISSUE 

45


José Luis Suarez Franco 1, 2, a , Marco Antonio Álvarez-Pérez 1, b , Manuel García Hipólito 3 , Octavio Álvarez 

Fregos 3 , Julio Alberto Juárez Islas 3 . 

1 Laboratorio de Bioingeniería de Tejidos, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de 

Odontología, UNAM, México, D.F. 

2 Facultad de Odontología, Río Blanco, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México. 

3 Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, UNAM, México, D.F. 

a pepefox@hotmail.com, b marcoalv@unam.mx 

Keywords: Cobalt alloys, Cell Respond, Biomineralization. 

Research on biocompatible metal alloys for replacement in human bone tissue has increased in recent 

years. Nowadays, these implant alloys are being manipulated with nanotechnology in order to develop new 

characteristics at level of surface morphology and physicochemical properties. All these new properties that 

obtain the metal alloy needs to be analyzed from a biological standpoint. Therefore, the aim of this study was 

to characterize the effect of texture cobalt base alloys in a controlled rolled high temperature on the biological 

response and mineral tissue formation. To achieve the above objective we cultivate cells at a density of 1x10 3 

cells/cm 2 on nanostructured cobalt-based alloys and evaluate: 1) cell adhesion for 4 and 24 hours, 2) 

cytotoxicity by MTT method for 3, 5 and 7 days, and 3) mineral tissue formation on cobalt surfaces. The 

results obtained show that the nanostructured surface cobalt base alloys increases cell adhesion exceeding 

100% when compared with the positive control. The biocompatibility measured by MTT assay resulted in an 

increase in cell viability reflecting that the cobalt-alloy is not cytotoxic and increased cell metabolism. 

Biomineralization process is also increased and is seen by the deposition of calcified clusters on the surface of 

the cobalt base alloy substrates. From our results we conclude that modification of the surface in nanometer 

range allows for increased biocompatibility, the first essential event in the osseo-integration process and 

essential for cell recruitment for subsequent induction of mineralization. This work was financial supported 

by CONACYT No. 129780 and by DGAPA-UNAM IN213912. 

P-038 

THERMAL DEGRADATION OF POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE (PMMA) THIN FILMS 

DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER ABLATION 

S. Payán-Díaz 1,a , G.A. Hirata 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales-UNAM, Ensenada, B.C., México C.P. 22860. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnologia – UNAM, Ensenada, B.C., México C.P. 22860. 

a sandra_payan@hotmail.com, b hirata@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: PMMA, thin films, pulsed laser deposition. 

Polymers and biomaterials used in the form of thin films have a wide range of applications in the 

pharmaceutical, chemical sensing, electronics, microsensor, and bioengineering industries. In this sense, 

several investigations have been performed world-wide for the synthesis of polymeric thin films. Pulsed laser 

deposition (PLD) has become increasingly popular within research laboratories as a method of producing thin 

films of novel materials. In particular, PLD for synthesis of organic thin films has been successfully used 

since it provides good control of the deposition process parameters. PMMA is an excellent candidate that 

offers a large number of technological applications. PMMA thin films have been synthesized by pulsed laser 

46


deposition on Si substrates at different substrate temperatures in the range of 25-300°C. The thermal 

properties of PMMA layers were studied by thermogravimetry. The change of functional groups was analyzed 

by Infrared and Raman spectroscopy, while the variation in elemental composition PMMA was monitored by 

XPS. We observed that the film’s composition and structure depend directly on the temperature deposition 

and important chemical modifications of the PMMA surface are observed when the temperature increases. 

XPS shows that carbon and oxygen change in the percentages of the different component contribution. 

PMMA films morphology was observed by AFM and SEM and revealed that the surface morphology (defects 

and roughness) depend also on the synthesis temperature. 

P-039 

FUNCTIONALIZATION OF MWCNTS AND PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES WITH 

MERCAPTOPHENYLBORONIC ACID DERIVATIVES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 

CCARBOHYDRATES 

Carolina Silva Carrillo 1,a , Rosa María Félix Navarro 1,b , Edgar Alonso Reynoso Soto 1,c , Gabriel Alonso 

Núñez 2,d , Francisco Paraguay Delgado 3,e 

1 Centro de Graduados e Investigación. Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana. Apdo. Postal 1166. Tijuana, B. C. 


2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología. Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada. Apdo. Postal 356 

Ensenada, B. C. 22800, México. 

3 Centro de Investigación de Materiales Avanzados en Chihuahua. Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo 

Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 31109, México 

a caro_hepta@hotmail.com, b rmfelix2003@yahoo.com.mx, c edgar_alonso6@hotmail.com, 

d galonso@cnyn.unam.mx, e francisco.paraguay@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: Nanomaterials, nanoparticles, carbohydrates. 

Nanomaterials have received much interest by virtue of their excellent properties suited for 

applications in various fields such as electronic, pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, energy, and catalysis. 

The design and development of nanoparticles based biosensors have been found to be interesting research in 

the new era. In particular, noble metal nanoparticles were found as ideal supporting materials for the 

electrocatalytic activities because; they have their own fascinating surface structure, good electrical and 

mechanical properties, strong stability and limited aggregation and high performance. Since the discovery of 

carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in 1992 by Iijima, several reports on their actual and potential use in 

nanotechnology have been published. This interest arises from their unusual structure and electronic 

properties. Due to the high surface areas of its outside walls and central hollow structure; CNTs can be used 

as catalyst supports, gas storage media for a variety of applications in fuel cell and sensors. In this work, we 

report the modification surface of gold electrode (AuE) with MWCNTs/NPPt-4 and 3-MPBA 

(mercaptophenylboronic acid) composites synthesized this by microemulsion method and used for the 

determination of glucose and fructore we utilized cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. Figure 1 shows a cyclic 

voltammograms of the system Fe 2+ / Fe 3+ in the absence and presence of fructose using MWCNTs-NPPt 

functionalized with 4MFB. 

47


Figure 1. Cyclic voltammetry in the presence and absence of fructose MWCNTs/ NPPt/4MFB. 

P-040 

SYNTHESIS OF GALLIUM-INCORPORATED GISMONDINE 

P. Sánchez-Lopez 1,a , E. H. Castro Ocampo 1,b , R. Obeso-Estrella 1,c , T. Zepeda Partida 2,d , A. Efimov 2,3,e , F. F. 

Castillón Barraza 2,f and V. Petranovskii 2,g 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de 

Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Apdo. Postal 14, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., México 




a perlaroe@cnyn.unam.mx, b ernesto_ehco@yahoo.com, c reneoe@cnyn.unam.mx, d trino@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e aefimov@cnyn.unam.mx, f ffcb@cnyn.unam.mx, g vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolite synthesis, Gismondine, Isomorphous substitution, Ga. 

Simple and fast method of zeolite P (analog of natural zeolite gismondine) synthesis was proposed 

by E. H. Castro Ocampo et al. [1]. These results were used in the probing to resolve one of the synthesis 

challenges in the zeolitic material field. Isomorfous substitution of Al in zeolite frameworks is known to be 

very powerful tool for governing by zeolite properties. In this present work gallium-incorporated gismondine 

was successfully synthesized by a low temperature hydrothermal method. The crystal structure of the sample 

was determined from X-ray data, composition, morphology and properties was studied by EDS, SEM and 

XPS. Authors acknowledge technical assistance of E. Aparicio, I. Gradilla, J. Peralta and E. Flores, and 

financial support from CONACYT grant 102907 and UNAM-PAPIIT Grant IN110608. 

[1] E. H. Castro Ocampo, R. Obeso-Estrella, P. Sanchez-Lopez, T. Zepeda Partida, A. Efimov, and V. Petranovskii, 1st International Symposium on Nanoscience and 

Nanomaterials, Ensenada, 2012. 

P-041 

SECOND ORDER NONLINEARITY FROM COMPOSITES CONTAINING SPHERICAL AND 

ELONGATED ALIGNED SILVER NANOPARTILCES 

Raúl Rangel-Rojo 1, a , Israel Rocha-Mendoza 1, b , Luis Rodríguez-Fernández 2, c and Alicia Oliver 2, d 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana 

No.3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, México 

2 Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, 

Ciudad Universitaria, Distrito Federal, México 

a rrangel@cicese.mx, b irocha@cicese.mx, c luisrf@fisica.unam.mx, d oliver@fisica.unam.mx 

48


Keywords: Nanostructured Materials, Nonlinear Optics, Second Harmonic Generation. 

We studied the optical second-order nonlinearity of nanostructured materials composed of randomly 

oriented spherical and elongated (but aligned in a preferential direction) silver nanoparticles. The spherical 

silver nanoparticles (Sp Ag-NPs) were produced by a single Ag 2+ 

49 

ion implantation process while the 

elongated silver nanoparticles (El Ag-NPs) were obtained by means of a second Si ion implantation process 

over the initial Sp Ag-NPs samples irradiated at an angle of 45 o with respect to the sample surface [1, 2]. 

Randomly placed spherical-like silver nanoparticles (of around 6 nm in diameter) and elongated nanoparticles 

(with an average minor axis diameter of 5 nm and an aspect ratio of 1.7) were obtained from the first and 

second process, respectively. The NPs were implanted in a 0.5 μm thick layer film at around 1 μm depth 

inside the silica matrix. We performed second harmonic generation (SHG) experiments in the reflection mode 

using a Ti:Sapphire oscillator delivering linearly polarized femto-second pulses (90 fs, 825 nm and 94 MHz). 

The SHG signal was filtered via a grating monochromator and detected using a photomultiplier tube 

connected to a current/voltage pre-amplifier circuit and a digital oscilloscope. The polar dependence of the 

total, p-polarized and s-polarized, output SHG intensities were measured on the two types of samples. The p- 

and s-SH intensities are commonly assigned to the dipolar and quadrupolar contribution, respectively [3]. 

Being the p-SHG contribution the dominant signal in all our experimental data suggests that the origin of the 

second order nonlinearity of both composites containing elongated and spherical NPs can be attributed mainly 

to a surface nonlinear contribution. This work was supported by PAPIIT-UNAM (IN103609); CONACyT 

(grant 102937), ICyT-DF (grant PICCT08-80), and UC-MEXUS/CONACyT (I. Rocha-Mendoza) under 

collaborative research programs. 

[1] R. Rangel-Rojo, et. al., Opt. Commun., 282, 1909–1912 (2009). 

[2] I. Rocha-Mendoza, et. al. Optics Express 19(22), 21575-21587 (2011). 

[3] G. Bachelier, et. al., Phys. Rev. B, 82(23), 235403 (2015). 

P-042 

LUMINISCENCE CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-STRUCTURED InGaN FILMS GROWN BY 

CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION 

A.Ramos-Carrazco 1,2,a , R. Garcia 3,b and M. Barboza-Flores 3,c 

1 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Ave. Miguel de Cervantes 120, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 

México. 

2 Departamento de Física de la Universidad de la Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encina y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, 


3 Centro de Investigación en Física de la Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encina y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, 


a aramos@fisica.uson.mx, b rgarcia@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx, c mbarboza@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx 

Keywords: semiconductor, nitride, solar cell and nano-structured film. 

In the last years, group III nitride semiconductors have been widely studied for applications in the 

optoelectronic industry. The major improvements have been achieved for gallium nitride (GaN) and the 

ternary alloy indium-gallium nitride (InGaN) with the fabrication of light emitter- and laser diodes. InGaN 

represents a versatile full semiconductor system capable of be tuned in its band gap from 3.4 eV to 0.7 eV. 

This unique property gives to this particular nitride semiconductor an additional potential application in solar


cells technology. There is a new generation of solar cells based on multi-films structure known as stacking 

cells or TANDEM. In this work we propose a multi-layer InGaN structure, with tunable band gap, grown by 

chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for application as active material in a TANDEM cell. First results of InGaN 

single nano-structured films, grown over Au/SiO 2 by CVD in a horizontal quartz tube reactor, are presented in 

this work. Its optical properties were characterized by cathodoluminiscence, thermoluminiscence and optical 

stimulated luminescence spectroscopy. 

P-043 

SYNTHESIS OF L-GLUTAMIC ACID-DOPED POLYANILINE FOR BIOMEDICAL 

APPLICATIONS 

C.J. Pérez Martinez 1, 2,a , T. del Castillo Castro 3,b and D. E. Rodríguez Feliz 3,c 

1 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Ave. Miguel de Cervantes 120, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 

México. 

2 Departamento de Física de la Universidad de la Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encina y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, 


3 Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Blvd. Luis Encina y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, 


a jhoviss_martinez@hotmail.com, b terecat@hotmail.com, c dorarguez@hotmail.com 

Keywords: Biosensors, Polyaniline, L-glutamic acid, Amino Acids, biomolecule 

In recent years the synthesis of new polymeric materials has been in constant development within the 

scientific community, due to the necessity of versatile platforms as biological sensitivity systems for the 

detection of diseases and drug delivery applications. Electroconducting polymers (EP) have been extensively 

applied to biosensors since they can be used both as immobilization matrices and as redox systems for the 

transport of electrical charge when an electrical signal was used as transduction response. The incorporation 

of functional groups to the EP could enhance interactions with molecules of biological importance, but at the 

same time, this particularly process could affect the optoelectronic properties of these polymers. In this 

regard, there is principal interest in the search of optimal parameters of functionalization and/or new 

alternatives to optimize the performance of the EP in biomedical applications. In this work, the novel 

chemical synthesis of polyaniline in acidic medium using L-glutamic acid is reported. The results of infrared 

spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron 

microscopy and electrical conductivity measurement characterizations are presented. The results confirmed 

the incorporation of the amino acid to the polymer matrix, as well as higher conductivity values than those 

reported to polyaniline synthesized in the presence of others amino acids. 

P-044 

EFFECTS OF AN EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE GROWTH OF ZnO NANOWIRES BY 

PVD. 

L. Pedraza 1,a and M Herrera 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California 22800, 

México. 


California 22800, México 

50


Keywords: ZnO, nanowires, PVD. 

a lucy_himura@hotmail.com, b zaldivar@cnyn.unam.mx 

ZnO nanowires were grown onto Si(100) by physical vapor deposition (PVD) in presence of an 

external electric field. Two configurations were used to apply a transverse or parallel electric field to the 

precursor gas flow into the PVD system. In the transverse configuration, two metal electrodes were placed 

outside the quartz tube used to transport the vapor in the system. In the parallel configuration two electrodes 

of Ag or Si(100) were aligned and separated by about 300 µm to be placed in the quartz tube. In the 

transverse configuration the electrodes were polarized with voltages in the range of 400-900 V in order to 

generate an effective electric field inside of the quartz tube, while in the parallel configuration the electrodes 

were polarized with voltages between 3 and 30 V. High electric fields generated decomposition of ZnO and 

formation of metallic Zn, while low electric fields did not generate an induced alignment of the ZnO 

nanowires. In this study we explore the electric field range required to induce an alignment of ZnO [0001] 

nanowires due to their electric polarization, and the effects generated in their defect structure. 

P-045 

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CdTd AND CiGs SOLAR CELLS 

P. Bartolo-Pérez 1,a , C. Calderón 2,b 

1 CINVESTAV-IPN. Departamento de Física Aplicada. Mérida, Yuc., México 

2 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Departamento de Física, Bogotá, Colombia 

a pascual@mda.cinvestav.mx, b clcalderont@unal.edu.com 

Keywords: Quantitative analysis, solar cells, electronic spectroscopy. 

Solar cells based on thin film technology of CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 are currently widely studied. 

The correct quantitative chemical analysis is very important for the appropriate performance of these solar 

cells. We present a review of several problems that exist in EDS, AES and XPS quantitative analysis. Using 

high-purity standards the correct relative sensitivity factors are determined. To correct EDS analysis of thin 

films penetration of electrons and depth of X rays are determined by analytical formulas and Monte Carlo 

simulations. We compare the sensitivity factors obtained with those reported in the AES and XPS handbooks. 

P-046 

SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF Fe-SPECIES IN/ON NATURAL ZEOLITE FROM 

PALMARITO DE CAUTO, CUBA 

I. Rodríguez-Iznaga 1,a , A. Manzo-Robledo 2,b , G. Berlier 3,c , F. Chávez Rivas 4,d , Daria Tito Ferro 5,e , and V. 

Petranovskii 6,f 

1 Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE), Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, s/n, Ciudad 

de La Habana 10400, Cuba 

2 Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, ESIQIE-IPN, 07738, D. F., México 

3 Dipartimento di Chimica I.F.M., Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy 

4 Departamento de Física, ESFM-IPN, C.P. 07738, D.F., México 

5 Centro Nacional de Electromagnetismo Aplicado- Universidad de Oriente, sede Julio Antonio Mella 

(ISPJAM), Ave. Las Amércias, s/n, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. 



51


a inocente@imre.oc.uh.cu, b amanzor@ipn.mx, c gloria.berlier@unito.it, d fchavez@esfm.ipn, 

e daria@cnea.uo.edu.cu, f vitalii@ccmc.unam.mx 

Keywords: Natural mordenite, gravimetric separation, iron oxides, magnetic susceptibility, FTIR, electrooxidation. 

We report the structural and spectroscopic characterization of zeolitic rocks from Palmarito de Cauto 

deposit, consisting mainly of mordenite zeolite, with some impurities. The aim of this work was identifying of 

iron species and its electrochemical interaction during anodic polarization in solution, containing dye 

molecules. The particles in the size range -0.09 +0.05 mm were subjected to gravimetric separation (GS) in 

order to concentrate the non-zeolitic phases associated with iron. Before and after GS samples were analyzed 

by XRD, magnetic susceptibility measurements and FTIR spectroscopy. The results confirm the presence of 

nano-particles of iron oxides. Voltammetric measurements of i-E characteristics of a modified with these 

materials carbon-paste electrodes put in evidence some redox-interfacial interactions associated with 

oxidation of dye molecules, even before and after GS. 

P-047 

SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ NANOPOWDERS PRODUCED BY COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS, THERMAL 

AND OPTICAL STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE STUDIES 

N. J. Zúñiga 1,a , M.Barboza-Flores 2,b , R.García 2c , R.Melendrez 2d 

1 Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados CIMAV. Maestría en Ciencias de Materiales. 

Chihuahua,Chihuahua, 31109, México 

2 Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México 

a amatizta082@hotmail.com, b mbarboza@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx, c rgarcia@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx, 

d rodrigo@cifus.uson.mx 

Keywords: Strontium aluminate, Persistent luminescence, Europium. 

Strontium aluminate co-doped with Eu +2 and Dy +3 shows high stability, high quantum efficiency and 

long-persistent green luminescence. We report a novel method to synthesize co-doped strontium aluminate 

powder. Co-doped Eu 2+ -Dy 3+ strontium aluminate powders are usually produced by solid-state reactions, 

starting materials includes: SrO, Al 2 O 3 , Eu 2 O 3 and Dy 2 O 3 under temperatures around 1400°C for more than 

10 hr. In this work, a novel method to produce high quality Eu 2+ -Dy 3+ -co-doped strontium aluminate powders 

is presented. Combustion synthesis involves a highly exothermic redox reaction among the metal nitrates 

[Al(NO 3 ) 3 , Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , Eu(NO 3 ) 3 and Dy(NO 3 ) 3 ] and organic fuel (CH 6 N 4 O) in a fraction of time, with energy 

saving. In this novel method, the amount of fuel was changed ranging from 1M to 6M. The particle size of the 

phosphor powder was controlled from few nanometers to micrometers. Photoluminescence analysis of the assynthesized 

powder revealed the peaks signals of the main electronic transitions of each ion Dy 3+ , Eu 3+ and 

Sr 2+ . The characteristics broad intense peak centered at 528 nm (green) that is relate to the quantum-enhanced 

effect of Dy 3+ -Eu 3+ coupled ions. The nanophosphors showed thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of the 

irradiated samples consist of one intense broad peak at about 70 a 150°C. Immediately after irradiation the 

samples exhibit persistent luminescence or afterglow (AG) due to thermal emptying of traps responsible for 

the TL peak. 

52


P-048 

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND MULTIFERROIC PROPERTIES OF RCrO3 WITH 

R=Dy, Ho, Er & Lu 

César Meza 1, a , A. Durán 1 . 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 

Km. 107, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C., México, C.P. 22860. 

a melferro@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: biferroic, perovskite, combustion synthesis, rare earth. 

Structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of perovskites with chemical formula RCrO3 (R = Dy, 

Er, Ho, Lu), synthesized by the self-igniting combustion method have been studied by x-ray diffraction 

(XRD), magnetization and permittivity measurements. Combustion synthesis was carried out from the 

stoichiometric aqueous mixture of chromium nitrate and the appropriate lanthanide nitrate, using 2- 

Metoxyethanol as fuel. TEM and XRD confirm that the obtained powders are nano-sized and amorphous 

powders. Magnetization measurements showed a weak hysteresis loop confirming canted-AFM transition 

with T N 148,143,134, and 116 K for Dy, Ho Er and LuCrO 3 , while permittivity measurements showed a broad 

peak at about 380, 391, 424 and 390 K. In addition, the behavior of the permittivity with frequency is typical 

for a relaxor material. The superior biferroic properties were found in the HoCrO 3 system. The authors thank 

DGAPA project IN112909. Also thanks to P. Ramos, M. Alario, E. Moran, J. Prado, G. Torres, E. Matesainz, 

E. Castro, J. Romero, E. Aparicio, E. Lugo & E. Flores. 

P-049 

A NEW LYSO ALTERNATIVE: (Lu 1-α-β Y α Pr β ) 2 SiO 5 POWDERS WITH FAST DECAY TIME 

OBTAINED BY THE PACS METHOD 

M. Aburto-Crespo 1,a , T.C. Medrano-Pesqueira 2,b , M.E. Álvarez-Ramos 2,b , G. A. Hirata 3,c and J. 

McKittrick 4,d 

1 Programa de Posgrado en Física de Materiales CICESE-UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tij-Ens, Ensenada, B. 

C., 22860 México 

2 Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Son., Apdo. Postal 5-088, 83190, México. 

3 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tij-Ens, Ensenada, B. C., 22860 

México. 

4 University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, Ca., USA, 92093-0411 

a mayamism@cnyn.unam.mx, b teremp19@hotmail.com, c alvarez_fisica@hotmail.com, 

c hirata@cnyn.unam.mx, d jmckittrick@ucsd.edu 

Keywords: Scintillators, decay time, luminescence, (Lu,Y) 2 SiO 5 , praseodymium. 

In the present investigation we report on the synthesis of Pr 3+ (Lu 1-x Y x ) 2 SiO 5 (LYSO) powders a 

pressure assisted combustion method (PACS) and examined the influence of the Y/Lu ratio and the rare earth 

(RE) activator concentration on the luminescent properties. LYSO single crystals activated with Ce 3+ are 

proposed to be employed in the medical imaging field as detectors (scintillators) in positron emission 

tomography (PET) equipment [1]. The (Lu 1-α-β Y α Pr β ) 2 SiO 5 powders were prepared by using metal nitrates as 

the precursors, and hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) as the reductive fuel. Subscripts α and β were varied between 0.2-0.49 

and 0.005 or 0.05 respectively. All powders were thermally treated in air at 1200 o C at different times. 

53


Regardless of the concentration of Pr 3+ and pos-synthesis annealing time, formation of a (Lu,Y) 2 SiO 5 (LYSO) 

solid solution as a majority phase is obtained in all phosphors. The diffraction peaks of the LYSO powders 

match perfectly to the reported monoclinic Lu 2 SiO 5 (JCPDS 41-0239) [2]. It is important to note that no Pr 

oxide phases were detected. Pr 3+ - activated samples emit in the UV region under short-UV excitation (250 

nm). The emission spectra shows a principal peak at λ= 275 nm and a second one at λ= 313 nm which 

corresponds to the 4f 1 5d 1 → 1 D 2 and the 1 S 0 → 1 D 2 allowed transitions in Pr 3+ [3]. The room temperature 

luminescence decay time profiles of the Pr 3+ activated samples emission monitored at 270 nm upon excitation 

at 252 nm varies between 11 ns and 16 ns. The authors are grateful for the technical assistance provided by E. 

Aparicio, M. Saenz, F. Ruiz, I. Gradilla, J.A. Peralta, V. Garcia, P. Casillas, E. Flores, D. Dominguez, J. 

Palomares and J.A. Diaz. We acknowledge the financial support from CONACYT (Grant No. 100555) and 

DGAPA UNAM (Grant IN-114010). 

[1] I. G. Valais, S. David, C. Michail, A. Konstantinidis, I. Kandarakis and G. S. Panayiotakis, Nuclear Instrum. and Methods in Phys. Res. A, 581 (2007) 99 

[2] C. E. Rodríguez-García, N. Perea-López, G. A. Hirata and and S. P. DenBaars, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 41 (2008) 092005 

[3] Blasse, G. and B. C. Grabmaier. Luminescent Materials. Springer-Verlag. 2nd Edition (1998) 45. 

P-050 

BINARY CATIONIC COPPER-ZINC SYSTEMS IN NATURAL MORDENITE AND 

CLINOPTILOLITE 

Maria Carida Céspedes Ortiz 1,a , Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga 2,b , Vitalii Petranovskii 3,c and Zenia Gonzales 

Giro 4 

1 Carrera de Ingeniería Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, 

CP 90900 Cuba 

2 Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE) – Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, s/n, La 

Habana 10400, Cuba 

3 Departamento de Nanocatálisis, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, – Universidad Nacional 

Autónoma de México, Ensenada, B.C. –México 

4 Centro de Estudio de Biotecnología Industrial (CEBI)- Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba 

a mariac@fie.uo.edu.cu, b inocente@imre.oc.uh.cu, c vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Natural zeolite; Mordenite; Clinoptilolite; Ionexchange; Copper; Zink; Microbicidal properties. 

Natural and synthetic zeolites are nanostructured materials with ionexchange properties, so they can 

be easy modified by metal ions with oligodinamic properties to develop materials for diverse applications, for 

example as antibacterial and microbicidals materials, painting, fungicidal dust, etc. In this work we present a 

study of ion exchange of Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ cations in mordenite (MOR) and clinoptilolite (CLI) of the Cuban 

deposits of Palmarito of Cauto and Tasajeras, respectively. Preparation of both monometallic (Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ , 

CuMOR, CuCLI, ZnMOR, ZnCLI) and mixed bimetallic (Cu 2+ -Zn 2+ , Cu-ZnMOR, Cu-ZnCLI) samples was 

studied from a kinetic point of view, at 25 °C and 80 °C, going to determine the main kinetic parameters. In 

line with these preliminary studies, antibacterial and microbicidal effects of all prepared samples on several 

pathogenic microorganisms (Escheichia coli, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudopretty and Candid 

albicans) were investigated. This research was supported by CONACYT, Mexico through grant 102907. 

54


P-051 

PREPARATION OF MAGNETITE (Fe 3 O 4 ) NANOPARTICLES BY MICROEMULSION METHOD 

Espinosa-Herrera A.I. 1a Hirata-Flores G.A 2b , Lozada-Ramírez, J.D. 1c , Mendez-Rojas M. A. 1,d 

1 Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, UDLAP, México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, México 

a 

ariadna.espinosaha@udlap.mx, b hirata@cnyn.unam.mx, c daniel.lozada@udlap.mx, 

d miguela.mendez@udlap.mx 

Key words: microemulsion, magnetite, micelles, Stöber method. 

The synthesis of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles was achieved using the microemulsion method 

(water/oil); iron (II) and (III) chloride salts were used as precursors and two different basic solutions 

(hidrazine, ammonium hydroxide) were explored in order to obtain the optimal pH for the preparation of the 

desired product. The explored method consists on the preparation of inverse micelles in an oily phase, in 

whose inner core, the aqueous phase containing the Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ions, is kept in the appropriate 

stoichiometric concentrations. This method offers two key advantages along the process: to keep the system 

stability at high temperature, as well as to work under an inert (Ar) atmosphere. In this way, the magnetite 

nanoparticles may be obtained with better yields. Once they are obtained, their surfaces are covered with SiO 2 

by the Stöber method (polycondensation and hydrolysis of tetraorthosilicate in basic conditions) in order to 

stabilize the nanoparticles. Several products were obtained, with different physical aspects, when the 

conditions (type of base, time of reaction) were varied. In this work, we will present and discuss preliminary 

results and advances of this work. 

P-052 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES OBTAINED 

BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF METALLIC TARTRATES 

Palacios-Hernandez T 1a , Mendoza-Sánchez ME 2b , Valeriano-Arreola I 3c , Hirata-Flores GA 4d , Contreras- 

López OE 4e , González-Vergara E 1f , Méndez-Rojas MA 5g 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, BUAP, México. 

2 Instituto de Física “Luis Rivera Terrazas, BUAP, México 

3 Centro de Servicios de Alta Tecnología, UPAEP, México 

4 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, México 

5 Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, UDLAP, México 

a phtere@gmail.com, b emendoza@ifuap.buap.mx, c iracema.valeriano@upaep.mx, d hirata@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e edel@cnyn.unam.mx, f docegv@gmail.com, g miguela.mendez@udlap.mx 

Keywords: nanoparticles, tartrates, calcination. 

We report the synthesis and characterization of Cu and Co oxide nanoparticles from thermal 

decomposition of metal tartrate complexes {[M(C 4 H 2 O 6 ) n ] m , M = Cu(II), Co(II)}. The metal tartrate 

precursors were synthesized by metathesis in water and all complexes were characterized by FTIR 

spectroscopy, TGA and High Resolution MS. Metallic tartrates were calcined at 500°C for 5 h and the metal 

oxides obtained were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and SAED. XRD analysis showed that all 

obtained metal oxides were crystalline and corresponded to the tenorite (CuO) and Co 3 O 4 phases. Crystal size 

was determined by measuring individual crystals from SEM and TEM images, and the smallest sizes were 

55


100 nm (Co 3 O 4 ) and 20-100 nm (CuO). Both SEM and TEM showed than the products were crystalline 

nanoparticles with varied morphology. 

P-053 

MICROCORROSION ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL MEMS USED IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE 

INDUSTRY OF THE NORTHWEST OF MEXICO 

Gustavo López Badilla 1,a , Benjamín Valdez Salas 2,b , Michael Schorr Wiener 2,c 

1 Universidad Politécnica de Baja California (UPBC), Mexicali, Baja California 

2 Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California 

a glopezbadilla@yahoo.com, b benval@iing.mxl.uabc.mx, c mschorr@ing.mxl.uabc.mx 

Keywords: OMEMS, atmospheric corrosion, climatic factors, SEM analysis. 

The use of micro components in the food and beverage industry has contributed to the development 

of new technologies, as the manufacturing of micro optical sensors (MOS). These micro devices are 

controlled by micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), and applied to detect microorganisms (MO) formed 

in indoor of the metallic steel cans, which not are seen by the naked eye. These MO, are formed for the 

microbiological corrosion, in the storage and manufacturing process, by uncontrolled climate factors in indoor 

of industrial plants. In the process of manufacturing and packaging of food and beverages, MO are not 

observed, and it is necessary to be detected using micro optical devices with MEMS (OMEMS) to avoid that 

polluted food and beverages, reach to the consumers and cause serious health problems. MSO are coupled 

with micro and macro actuators to separate the containers with MO, and are very efficient to operate in good 

conditions, but sometimes have low operating yielding, by defects in MEMS, caused by deterioration in its 

external electrical connections by microbiological corrosion. This occurs by drastic variations of climatic 

factors such as humidity and temperature and some periods of the year. Also is the penetration of air 

pollutants as sulfurs to indoor of industrial plants in arid (Mexicali) and semiarid (Hermosillo and Santa Ana, 

Sonora) regions and chlorides in marine environments (Tijuana), in indoor of the food and beverage 

industries, generates microbiological corrosion. This study presents a corrosion analysis in OMEMS by means 

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in the above mentioned cities. A detailed SEM analysis revealed 

different corrosion levels in indoor of industrial plants of the northwest of Mexico cities and the deterioration 

degree of micro electrical connections of the OMEMS. 

56

2nd POSTER SESSION 


P-054 

NEW ORGANOMETALLIC SALTS AS PRECURSORS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 

NANOPARTICLES ON MWNT APPLIED AS ELECTROCATALYSTS 

R. Jassiel 1 , M. Félix 2 , E. A. Reynoso 2 , G. Alonso-Núñez 1,* 

1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Ensenada, B.C., 

C.P. 22860, México. 

2 Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación. Tijuana, C.P., México. 

jas_ciel@hotmail.com, galonso@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: MWCNT, New Organometallic, Nanoparticles, Electrocatalysts. 

New organometallic salts were synthesized in aqueous solution and were used as precursors to 

prepare metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to be 

applied as electrocatalysts on methanol electrooxidation. The precursors were obtained by the reaction 

between (NH 4 ) 2 PtCl 6 , (NH 4 ) 2 PdCl 6 , (NH 4 ) 3 RuCl 6 and HAuCl 4 with tetraoctilammonium bromide (TOAB). 

The as-obtained (TOA) n MCl y salts (where “M” = Pt, Pd, Ru and Au) were characterized by FT-IR and TGA 

analysis. These precursors were then used to prepare metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles of Pt, Pt-Pd, Pr-Ru 

and 

Pt-Au over MWCNT (Pt-M/MWCNT, where “M”=Pd, Ru and Au). The materials were characterized 

by TEM, XRD and TGA. The electrocatalytic properties of the Pt–M/MWCNT electrode for methanol 

oxidation have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). The bimetallic 

nanoparticles presented higher electrocatalytic activity and stability than Pt/MWNTs electrocatalyst, this is 

attributed to the addition of “M” which no only leads to the small average particle size and higher dispersion 

of metallic Pt nanoparticles on MWCNT but also promoted high electronic transfer between bimetallic 

nanoparticles. 

P-055 

STUDY OF ZnO NANOPARTICLES PROPERTIES INCORPORATED IN FAU ZEOLITE 

Hernández Espinoza M.A. 1,a ,Escobedo Morales A. 2,b Pérez Osorio G. 2,c González Escobedo J.G. 2,d 

1 Departamento de Investigación en Zeolitas, Instituto de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 

México 

2 Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México 

a mighern@siu.buap.mx , b alejandroescobedo@hotmail.com, d jgge_puebla17@hotmail.com 

Keywords: Nanoparticles, FAU zeolite, ZnO, Surface. 

In this paper we present experimental results on the synthesis of the system ZnO / FAU zeolites and 

their characterization using XRD, SEM and EDS. Its porosity was evaluated using a N 2 probe molecule at 76 

K. assess texture parameters in the obtained materials with special emphasis on various equations that have 

been applied: Langmuir, BET, Dubinin-Astakhov and Gursvitch. To obtain the use and distribution of pores 

confront desorption experimental points using the equations of Density Functional non localized (NLDFT) 1, 

Direct Graphics Comparison (DCCP) 2 and the Dubinin-Astakhov 3 approach, assuming a cylindrical 

geometry , with n = 3. With these equations we have obtained very fine nanopores and micropores. The N 2 

57


adsorption isotherms at 76 K indicate the presence of micropores and were reversible in the whole pressure 

range studied. Samples ZnO / FAU 0.1 and ZnO / FAU 0.5 show a small jump in the adsorption isotherms 

attributable to the formation of ZnO nanoparticles on the outside of the zeolite FAU. This effect also occurs in 

the curves T, in the middle of the isotherms obtained. The pore distribution obtained by the NLDFT approach 

super micropores indicates the existence of very thin with dimensions less than 1.5 nm, values close to those 

obtained for the width of the cavities or super cages of zeolite FAU, while the pore distribution obtained with 

the Dubinin-Astakhov approach gives us information on a group of predominant pores in the 6-7 nm, values 

attributable to the windows of 12 members of this zeolite. 

P-056 

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF P-TYPE NiO X AND N-TYPE TiO 2 THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY 

PULSED LASER ABLATION 

A. Fajardo 1 , G.A. Hirata 2 , W. de la Cruz 2 , G. Guzman 3 , F. Dogan 4 and J. McKittrick 4 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería-UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo. Postal, 356, CP. 

22800, Ensenada, B.C. México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología-UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo. Postal, 356, 

CP. 22800, Ensenada, B.C. México, 

3 Posgrado de Ciencias Fisicas –UNAM, Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo. Postal, 356, CP. 22800, 

Ensenada, B.C. México 

4 Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, -San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411. 

Keywords: p-n junction, Laser ablation, TiO 2 . 

Nickel oxide (NiO) has been used in photoelectrochromic devices due to its p-type intrinsic behavior. 

Titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) is an n-type semiconductor with excellent photocatalytic properties. In this work, Ni 

and Ti films were deposited by the PLD technique at room temperature and oxidized at 550ºC in air for 2 

hours to form NiO and TiO 2 , respectively. The third harmonic (λ= 355 nm) of a YAG:Nd pulsed laser 

operated at an energy fluence of 3 J/cm 2 and 10 Hz repetition rate was used for the laser ablation experiments. 

The optical properties were measured with ellipsometry and perfilometry. Microstructural development and 

chemical composition of the films were analyzed by SEM, XRD, AES and XPS techniques. Hall Effect and 

Van der Pauw measurements confirmed p- and n-type behavior of NiO and TiO 2 films, respectively. 

Heterojunctions have been fabricated by deposition of p-type NiO on n-type TiO 2 on ITO coated glass 

substrates. The relationship between electrical, optical and photocatalytic properties of NiO and TiO 2 thin 

films will be discussed. Support from DGAPA-UNAM (Grant No. IN114010) and CONACYT (Grant No. 

100555) and technical assistance by E. Aparicio, D. Dominguez, J.A. Diaz and I. Gradilla are acknowledged. 

P-057 

SYNTHESIS AND LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF RED-EMITTING Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ 

D. Cervantes-Vásquez 1,a , G.A. Hirata 2,b and J. McKittrick 3,c 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, km 107 Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada, C. P. 22800, Ensenada, B. C., México 


Tijuana-Ensenada, C. P. 22800, Ensenada, B. C., México 

3 University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA 

58


a dcervant@cnyn.unam.mx, b hirata@cnyn.unam.mx, c jmckittrick@ucsd.edu 

Keywords: red-emitting phosphor, red-shift, silicon nitride. 

In this work Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ phosphors with different Eu concentration in the range of 0 to 100% have 

been synthesized by solid-state reaction at high temperature. Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ offers excellent luminescence 

– 700 nm) 

depending on the europium concentration. The position of the emission band and the red-shift emission have 

been attributed to the effect of a high covalency (nephelauxetic effect) and a large crystal-field splitting on the 

5d band of Eu 2+ ions in the nitrogen environment, respectively. The daylight color of the Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ 

powders orange to red varies with the Eu concentration from orange to red as a result of a strong absorption in 

the UV- 

-550 nm). XRD analysis shows that Eu 2+ ions can be totally incorporated into 

Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ forming a complete solid solution with orthorhombic lattice. This compound yields a quantum 

efficiency higher than 70%. Luminescent thin films of Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ were deposited on different substrates by 

pulsed laser ablation and detailed results will be presented at the conference. The excellent luminescent 

properties of Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ make them suitable red-emitting phosphors for white-emitting LED’s. This work 

is funded by CONACyT (Grant 100555) and DGAPA (IN-114010-3 Technical support by E. Aparicio, F. 

Ruiz and I. Gradilla is acknowledged. 

[1] Y.Q. Li, J.E.J. van Steen, J.W.H. van Krevel, G. Botty, A.C.A. Delsing, F.J. DiSalvo, G. de With and H.T. Hintzen, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 417 (2006) 

273-279. 

P-058 

WHITE-EMITTING FROM RARE EARTH ACTIVATED YTTRIUM SILICATE 

NANOPARTICLES WITH SILICA SHELL 

D. Cervantes-Vásquez 1,2,a , J. K. Jan 3 , J. McKittrick 3 and G.A. Hirata 2,b 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, km 107 Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada, C. P. 22800, Ensenada, B. C., México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, km 107 Carretera 

Tijuana-Ensenada, C. P. 22800, Ensenada, B. C., México 

3 Materials Science and Engineering Program-UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, USA 

a dcervant@cnyn.unam.mx, b hirata@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: core-shell, yttrium silicate, white-emitting, phosphor. 

In this work we report the luminescent properties of rare earth activated white-emitting 

Y 2 SiO 5 :Ce,Tb nanocrystalline phosphors prepared by two different methods: combustion synthesis and solgel. 

All samples were heat-treated at 1100C for 2 h. X1-Y 2 SiO 5 was the dominant polycrystalline phase for 

both synthesis methods. Photoluminescence analysis showed the contribution of two blue emission bands of 

Ce 3+ into the interval of 400 to 500 nm originated from the 5d level to the 2 F j (j= 5/2, 7/2) and a well-defined 

green emission (activated within Tb 3+ levels) located at = 543 nm ( 5 D 4 7 F 5 ). It has been demonstrated 

that an inductive energy transfer occurs when Tb 3+ ions absorbs the energy from Ce 3+ upon excitation with 

long-UV photons ( exc = 365–380 nm) [1]. White-emitting yttrium silicate nanoparticles (Y 2 SiO 5 :Ce,Tb) cores 

were also coated with a silica shell by the Stober process and the luminescent properties were investigated. 

Preliminary results indicated that a silica shell surrounding the Y 2 SiO 5 :Ce,Tb cores increases the 

59


luminescence intensity when excited by long-UV radiation. This work is supported by U.S. DOE (Grant DE- 

EE002003), DGAPA-UNAM (Grant No. IN114010) and CONACYT (Grand No. 100555). Technical work 

performed by E. Aparicio, F. Ruiz, I. Gradilla, V. García and D. Domínguez is gratefully acknowledged. 

[1] J.A. González-Ortega, E.M. Tejeda, N. Perea, G.A. Hirata, E.J. Bosze, J. McKittrick, Optical Materials, 27 (2005) 1221. 

P-059 

A CRISTALLOGRAPHIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF VERTICALLY ALIGNED ZnO 

NANORODS FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 

Aida Daniela Cuan Guerra 1,a , Virginia Carolina Castro Peña 1,b , Jorge Luis López Villareal 1,c , Eduardo Pérez 

Tijerina 1,d , Eduardo Martínez Guerra 2,e 

1 FCFM-UANL, Universidad s/n, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, CP 66451 

2 CIMAV, Alianza Norte 202, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Apodaca, Nuevo León, 

México, CP 66600 

a aida_cuan@hotmail.com, b caro_cp@msn.com, c jlopezv1@axtel.net, d eduardo.pereztj@uanl.edu.mx, 

e eduardo.martinez@cimav.edu.mx 

Keywords: Zinc oxide, heat treatment, hydrothermal, vertically aligned nanorods, solar cell. 

Zinc oxide nanorods are prepared by a two step deposition process; first, deposition of a thin film of 

ZnO by the technique of Atomic Layer Depositon (ALD) with an approximate thickness of 80 nm, letting 

0.01 s of exposition for the precursor of diethylzinc (C 2 H 5 ) 2 Zn), then this thin film is thermally treated on 

300°C, 500°C, and 600°C for an hour, with and without oxygen flux, to obtain the (002) peak on X-Ray 

Diffraction (XRD); the second step is the synthesis of hydrothermal, using hexametilentetramina ((CH 2 ) 6 N 4 ) 

and zinc nitrate (Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ) in a 0.05 M concentration. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction 

(XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmittance of UV-visible spectrum. The direct 

application of this ZnO vertically aligned is for dye sensitized solar cells. 

P-060 

CO AND NO ADSORPTION ON Ni-MORDENITE 

F. Chávez Rivas 1,a , V. Petranovskii 2,b , G. Berlier 3,c and S. Coluccia 3 





a fchavez@esfm.ipn, b vitalii@ccmc.unam.mx, c gloria.berlier@unito.it 

Keywords: Ni-Mordenite, DRX, UV-Vis, FTIR, CO and NO adsorption. 

It is well known that MR is one of the important parameters managing acidity, ion-exchangeability, 

and metal coordination as well as the size of metal nanoparticles prepared on zeolite support. The aim of 

present work was to study the influence of MR of mordenite on the state of nickel. Mordenites with MR of 

13 and 20 were supplied by Zeolist International. Ni exchange was done from excess of 0.1 N aqueous 

solution of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 at 60 °C, under stirring, during 24 h. Samples were characterized by XRD, EDS, and 

UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The FTIR experiments were carried out on self-supporting pellets 

with densities lower than 10 mg/cm 2 . Samples were outgased at 100, 250 and 550 o C in vacuum, and 

oxidized at 550 o C in O 2 or reduced at 400 o C in H 2 . The background FTIR spectra of the activated samples 

60


show the presence of isolated and interacting silanols and variable hydrophillicity. FTIR coupled to CO 

adsorption revealed the presence of isolated Ni 2+ ions in two sites of the structure, and thermally stable nickel 

oxide nanoparticles in zeolite cavities. Bands related to CO polarized by silanol groups are observed. The 

FTIR spectra of chemisorbed NO on Ni-Mordenite also show that two different sites of Ni 2+ ions those are 

accessible to the NO probe. 

P-061 

STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH QUALITY PbS:Ni 2+ 

NANOCRYSTALLINE THIN FILMS, PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION 

1 M. Chávez Portillo, 2 O. Portillo Moreno, 2 J. Juarez Martinez, 2 R. Lozada Morales, R. Melendrez Luevano, 

2 M. Zamora Tototzintle. 

1 CIDS-ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México. 

2 Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México.C. U. Tel. (01 222) 2 

29 55 00 Ext. 7519. Puebla, México, Puebla, México. 

1 

melussa03@hotmail.com 

Keywords: PbS thin films, Chemical Bath Deposition, Blue shift 

PbS nanocrystalline films were grown by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on glass substrates at 

deposition temperature of 20°C. Different doping levels were obtained by changing the volume of the regent 

solution V [Ni2+] into PbS growing solution. The surface morphology and crystallite sizes were determined by 

scanning electron microscope and Transmission Electron Microspy measurements. Particle size of the Nidoped 

lead sulfur (PbS) nanoparticles were 3.5 to 5 nm as observed with TEM. The crystalline structure was 

determined by X- ray diffraction analysis. The PbS films showed very good adhesion to the substrate and well 

crystallized according to the centered cubic structure with the preferential orientation (200) for PbS undoped 

samples. The grain size (GS) decrease from 35 nm to 5 nm for doped samples. The synthesis of PbS:Ni 

nanoparticles exhibited strong blue shift due to the doping. 

P-062 

SIMPLE AND FAST METHOD OF GISMONDINE SYNTHESIS 

E. H. Castro Ocampo 1,a , R. Obeso-Estrella 1,b , P. Sanchez-Lopez 1,c , T. Zepeda Partida 2,d , A. Efimov 2,3,e , and 

V. Petranovskii 2,f 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de 

Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Apdo. Postal 14, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., México 




a ernesto_ehco@yahoo.com, b reneoe@cnyn.unam.mx, c perlaroe@cnyn.unam.mx, d trino@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e aefimov@cnyn.unam.mx, f vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolite synthesis, Gismondine. 

A highly crystalline monophasic powder sample of zeolite with gismondine framework was 

synthesized from the mixed alumosilica gel applying hydrothermal method. This naturally occurring zeolite, 

existing in different varieties (gismondine, garronite, amicite, gobbinsite), also appears as common impurity, 

known as zeolite P, during synthesis of different industrially important zeolites, including zeolite A, zeolite X, 

61


and zeolite Y. In the same time the known recipe of pure gismondine synthesis, reported by IZA with 

reference on original paper [1] is sufficiently complicated, required 60 days for complete process, and resulted 

in polycrystalline spherulitic particles of approximately 10 microns in diameter. We report 3-day synthesis of 

crystalline gismondine sample consisting from single crystals in the 5 micron range. The crystal structure of 

the sample was determined from X-ray data, morphology and composition was studied by SEM and EDS. 

Authors acknowledge technical assistance of E. Aparicio, I. Gradilla, J. Peralta and E. Flores, and financial 

support from CONACYT grant 102907 and UNAM-PAPIIT Grant IN110608. 

[1] L. V. C. Rees, S. Chandrasekhar, Zeolites 13 (1993) 535, cited by http://www.iza-online.org/ synthesis/ default.htm 

P-063 

NANOSTRUCTURES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOSENSORS 

Castiello Flores Francisco Rafael 1,a , Alonso Nuñez Gabriel 1,b Romo Herrera José Manuel 2,c 



2 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Km 103 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, B. C. 

México 

a castiello@cnyn.unam.mx, b galonso@cnyn.unam.mx, c romo.herrera@gmail.com 

Keywords: gold nanoparticles, localized surface plasmon, carbon nanotubes 

Colloidal techniques to synthesize shape-controlled metallic nanoparticles (NP’s) have been 

developed in the last 10 years, offering novel routes to obtain narrow shape distributions at high yields. 

Specifically, noble metal NP’s have attracted attention due to their ability to support localized surface 

plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in the visible region or the near infrared (NIR). In fact, SERS (Surface 

Enhanced Raman Scattering) spectroscopy is one of the most powerful analytical techniques for identification 

of molecular species. In the other hand suitable covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNT’s) can 

tailor critical properties such as solubility, even in water, which is crucial for biological applications. With 

regard to organic macromolecules, cyclodextrins (CD) are the most widely used molecules that form hostguest-type 

inclusion complexes, which attached to CNTs gives them a wide range of potential biological and 

biomedical applications. In the present work we chemically modified CNT’s with β-CD via elementary 

organic chemistry reactions and we synthesized gold NPs of different morphologies through a simple “green” 

colloidal method, using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a natural surfactant. We study the shape of the NP’s as a 

function of the molar ratio of β-CD/Au. Further research will be the use of the CNT’s and chemically 

modified CNT’s as templates to attach the Au NP’s on them, because a high Au NP’s coating density on the 

CNT’s promotes a coupling of the LSPR modes of the NP’s with an increase in the local electromagnetic field 

between them, enhancing the Raman signal from absorbed molecules, giving them the potential to become 

excellent biosensors. 

P-064 

FUNCTIONALIZATION AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF DYSPROSIUM- 

DOPED LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES 

David Ricardo Martínez Vargas 1,a , Mariana J. Oviedo 2,b and Gregorio G. Carbajal Arizaga 3,c 

62


1 Departamento de Farmacobiología, Universidad de Guadalajara. Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 

1421. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. 

2 Programa de Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CICESE-UNAM. Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918. 

Ensenada, Baja California, México. 

3 Departamento de Química. Universidad de Guadalajara. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, 

Jalisco, México. 

a el__david@hotmail.com, b moviedo@cnyn.unam.mx, c gregoriocarbajal@yahoo.com.mx 

Keywords: ceramics; luminescence; functionalization. 

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are synthetic clays comprising hydroxylated layers with positive 

electrostatic charges, which are stabilized by interlayer anions. Among all their physicochemical properties, 

their anion exchange capacity makes these materials interesting, because this process increases the 

possibilities of functionalization with organic compounds to form nanohybrids. LDHs intercalated with 

luminescent anions have been reported previously and, also very few europium-doped LDHs have also been 

reported. Nevertheless, a Dy doped-LDHs have never been reported. Dysprosium is a lanthanide element, a 

family with remarkable optical properties. Theory states that LDHs can not be formed with metals of such a 

large cationic radii like Dy. In this work, we doped a LDH matrix with dysprosium at different concentrations 

and then the functionalization products with serine, adipic acid, sodium lauryl sulphate and phenyl 

phosphonic acid were obtained. The discussion and characterization with XRD, FTIR and PL techniques is 

reported. 

P-065 

PROPERTIES OF ZnO THIN FILMS GROWN ON Si SUBSTRATES BY SOL-GEL METHOD AND 

ZnO/Si HETEROJUNCTIONS 

M. Pacio 1,a , H. Juárez 1 , C. Bueno 1,* , R. Perez 1 , G. Juárez 1 , E. Vargas 1 , M. Rodríguez 1 , T. Diaz 1 . 

1 CIDS-ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur y Av. San Claudio, C.U., Edif. 103C, 

C.P. 72750, Pue., Puebla, 

Keywords: Zinc Oxide, heterojunctions. 

* cba3009@gmail.com 

Zinc oxide (ZnO) films were obtained by the sol-gel method. ZnO films were deposited on p-type 

Si(100) substrates by the spin-coating technique and postannealed at 600 o C for 2 hr in nitrogen, ozone and 

oxygen atmosphere. The structural and optical properties of ZnO films were studied by x-ray diffraction and 

UV-Vis transmittance, respectively. XRD results show that all deposited films have (002) preferred 

orientation (2θ=34.4 0 ). Besides that the peak intensity changes with the annealing atmosphere. UV-Vis 

transmittance measurements were carried out at ZnO films deposited on glass substrates with the same 

conditions as the films deposited on silicon substrates, this measurements shows that ZnO films have a high 

transmittance in visible range. Hall measurements show that the resistivity, mobility and carrier concentration 

have a small variation which can be related to the annealing atmosphere. The I-V measurements were made 

on ZnO/p + -Si and ZnO/p - -Si heterojunctions, which show a significant change when the substrate is different. 

63


P-066 

PREPARATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES ELECTROCATALYST FOR FUEL CELLS 

Mara Beltrán Gastélum 1,a , *Rosa María Félix Navarro 1,b , Edgar Alonso Reynoso Soto 1 , Gabriel Alonso 

Nuñez 2 , Francisco Paraguay Delgado 3 



2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología. Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada. Apdo Postal 356 


3 Centro de Investigación de Materiales Avanzados en Chihuahua. Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo 

Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 31109, México 

Keywords: electrocatalyst, fuel cells, methanol. 

a marbg5@hotmail.com, b rmfelix2003@yahoo.com.mx 

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) remains a promising portable source of energy, as the inexpensive 

fuel is stored in a liquid form, with a power density comparable to hydrogen/air polymer electrolyte 

membrane fuel cell near ambient conditions. PtRu is one of the best alloyed catalysts for methanol oxidation 

because the addition of Ru to Pt can decrease the poisoning effect of CO ads on Pt surface. Carbon nanotubes 

(CNTs) have been used to support Pt nanoparticles because of their high surface areas, electronic 

conductivity, mechanical properties, and chemical stability to increase the electrochemical activity for the 

oxidation reaction of methanol. This work shows the synthesis of nanocomposites of CNTs and metallic 

nanoparticles by the reverse microemulsion method for application as electrocatalysts in Direct methanol fuel 

cells, based on platinum nanoparticles (NP Pt) deposited on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Figure 1 shows the 

cyclic voltammograms of the catalytic activity for methanol oxidation of the bimetallic electrocatalyst 

containing Pt-Au, Pt-Pd, Pt-Ru and Pt-Ir on NTC. Here we can see the oxidation peaks of methanol (I f ) and 

the intermediates peaks of the reaction, like carbonaceous species (I b ) for each electrocatalysts, Pt-Au/CNTs 

shows a high relationship ⁄ value, which suggests a high tolerance to carbonaceous species absorption, 

especially higher tolerance to the poising of CO, the Pt-Au/CNTs is beating electrocatalyst than Pt/CNTs, 

which shows a lower ⁄ ratio of 1.1835. Using the chronoamperometry technique was determined that the 

NP Pt-Au/CNT has a lower speed of poisoning and greater stability. The electrocatalyst NP Pt/CNT is good 

for the reduction of O 2 , but in the presence of CH 3 OH decreases activity, because react with both. Bimetallic 

materials Pt-Pd/CNT NP and NP Pt-Au/CNT oxidize O 2 selectively even in the presence of CH 3 OH. In the 

case of NP Pt-Pd/CNT the O 2 reduction reaction is catalyzed in the presence of CH 3 OH. 

64

i (mV) 


6 

5 

4 

3 

NP Pt-Au/NTC 

NP Pt-Pd/NTC 

NP Pt-Ru/NTC 

NP Pt-Ir/NTC 

NP Pt/NTC 

2 

I f 

1 

I b 

0 

-200 300 800 1300 

-1 

E (mV vs Ag/AgCl) 

Figure 1. Cyclic Voltammograms in 0.5 M H 2SO 4 + 1.0 M CH 3OH. Scan rate: 100 mV s -1 

P-067 

COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ CO-DOPED 

WITH Tb, Dy AND Nd 

M. Arciniega 1,a and G. A. Hirata 2 

1 Posgradoo en Ciencias e Ingeniería-UNAM, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, B. C., 22860 

México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología-UNAM, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada. Ensenada, B. C., 

México 22860. 

a magroma@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Long-persistent phosphors, strontium aluminate, combustion synthesis. 

Phosphorescent materials or long-persistent phosphors are special materials capable to store energy 

and release it gradually as visible light after the excitation source is turned-off. These special materials are of 

great interest due to their direct application as emerging signboards, route marking, dark version display 

devices, among many other uses. Green phosphorescent Eu-activated strontium aluminate (SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ) 

powders were produced by combustion synthesis and post-annealed in H 2 (5%)/N 2 (95%) gas. Combustion 

synthesis involves a highly exothermic redox reaction between metallic nitrates (oxidizers) and an organic 

fuel (e.g. CH 4 N 2 O, Urea) that yields luminescent oxides. Due to the nature of the combustion reaction these 

oxides present a large degree of porosity as revealed by SEM and TEM analysis. We investigated the effect of 

co-doping with other lanthanide ions (Dy, Nd and Tb) and the effect of fuel-to-oxidizer ratio and found an 

enhancement in the SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ phosphorescence under optimal synthesis conditions. X-ray diffraction 

analysis revealed the formation of the monoclinic SrAl 2 O 4 phase with small traces of Al 2 O 3 when annealed 

below 1100ºC. An intense broad-band emission centered at = 505 nm due to 4f 6 5d 1 →4f 7 electronic 

transitions in Eu 2+ was achieved under the excitation band in the UV-blue range ( = 360-450 nm). A detailed 

photoluminescent analysis showed that co-doping with Nd or Dy the maximum excitation wavelength is exc = 

398 nm while for Tb co-doped samples the maximum excitation wavelength is red-shifted to exc = 420 nm 

65


indicating the possibility to further optimize the PL characteristics and phosphorescence time emission. The 

authors acknowledge technical assistance provided by E. Aparicio, I. Gradilla, and financial support from 

CONACYT (Grant No. 100555) and DGAPA UNAM (Grant IN-114010). 

P-068 

FUNCTIONALIZATION OF MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES WITH 

HYDROXYMETHYLENE GROUPS 

Rubén Rodríguez Jimenez 1,a , Eduardo Rogel 1 , Gabriel Alonso-Nuñez 2 

1 Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. Ave. Calzada 

Universidad 14418 Tijuana, B. C., México, P.C. 22390. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología de la UNAM, Km. 107 carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada 

B.C., México, P.C. 22860. 

a rodriguez.ruben@uabc.edu.mx 

Keywords: MWCNT, Hidroxymethylene, Functionalization. 

The development of nanotechnology has enabled a significant progress in the synthesis of 

nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) which have a great potential in various 

technological areas. CNTs represent an important group of nanoscale materials because of their unique 

structural, mechanical and electronic properties. Chemically functionalized CNTs are shown as a promise in 

tumor targeted accumulation in mice exhibiting at the same time biocompatibility, excretion and low toxicity. 

Hence, there is a demand for side wall derivative CNTs, becoming biologically active molecules and 

covalently attached. Most of the functionalization reactions reported in the literature are based on the 

esterification and amidation of nanotube-bounded with a carboxylic acid group. The functionalization of 

Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT's) is divided into two broad categories: a direct attachment to the 

surface groups of graphite and the union of a carboxylic group. A variety of polymers and oligomers 

compounds have been used in the functionalization of carbon nanotubes to increase its solubility in organic 

solvents and water. The functionalization of MWCNT's in the present work was carried out in a reflux 

system, varying the time and concentrations of the reagents used. The methodology used was as follows: in a 

round bottom flask of 150 mL fitted with a condenser was refluxed an amount of 30 mg of MWCNT, adding 

methanol to form radicals which were generated with Benzoil peroxide. Methanol was added to the sample of 

MWCNT's and dispersed with ultrasonic energy and latter subjected to reflux for periods ranging from 24 to 

72 hours. On the basis of the results obtained by FT-IR, TEM and EDS from the MWCNT's functionalized, 

they showed the presence of hydroxymethylene groups (-CH 2 OH). This will allow subsequent reactions, to 

help us change the physical and chemical properties of nanotubes and thereby their potential applications. 

P-069 

INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CNT/ALUMINA POWDER 

CONSIDERING VARIOUS FACTORS IN MAKING ITS BY CCVD METHOD 

F. Shokralh Abhari 1,a , A.A Hosseini 2,b and Z. Sam Daliri 3,c 

1 Azad University of Chalous 

2 Faculty of Science, Mazandran University 

a m.sh.abhari@gmail.com, b hos_p1@umz.ac.ir, c zeinab.sam@gmail.com 

66


Keywords: Nano-composites, carbon nanotubes, catalytic chemical vapor deposition, carbon paste, a cycle 

voltmeter. 

Ceramics, notably alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) insulation materials are very important and widely used in 

various industries.In this study, a cease-wall carbon nanotube, MWCNT, using iron nanoparticles as a catalyst 

on the alumina is grown. In other parts of the project, it been synthesized CNT over mixing of Fe catalyst and 

Alumina in order to achieve homogeneous distribution of CNT/Alumina nanocomposite powders. And we 

tried to investigate effective parameters on preparation of this powder quality and quantity. To get better 

control on CNT growth that is fabricated phase we studied different gas supply, the dimensions of 

nanoparticles catalyst, different catalyst weight percentage, different temperature growth and purification 

effects. At finally, we use cyclic voltmeter method to prove that CNT network can be give electrical 

conductivity to the alumina which is approximately insulator which can be very interesting. To have 

compared we test nanocomposite powders prepared by different method by this way therefore best electrical 

conductivity was recognized that was belonged to nano-composite powder preparation contain 10 wt% 

catalyst nanoparticle which synthesize at 700 ◦ C using acetylene as feed gas. 

P-070 

SYNTHESIS OF STRONTIUM FERRITE POWDER USING ELECTROCHEMICAL PRECURSOR 

Gregorio González Zamarripa 1 , Donald H. Galván Martinez 2 , José R. Parga Torres ,3 , Francisco R. Carrillo 

Pedroza. 3 , María G. González Z. 3 

1 Facultad de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carr. 57 Km. 5, Monclova, Coahuila, México, 

C.P. 25710. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, Ensenada B.C., México, 22800. 

3 Departamento de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo, Blvd. V. Carranza 

2400, Saltillo, Coahuila México, C.P. 25000 

1 gregorio55@gmail.com, 2 donald@cnyn.unam.mx, 3 drjrparga@hotmail.com, 3 frrcarrillo@yahoo.com.mx. 

3 mariquina_gonzalez@hotmail.com 

Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Magnetite, Strontium Ferrite. 

To obtain a product with added value to the precursor powder obtained in the process of 

electrocoagulation was performed in the solid state reaction of powder and strontium carbonate at different 

molar ratios to obtain a strontium ferrite SrFe 12 O 19 obtained this at 1150 o C. The results showed that the final 

product is a strontium ferrite with improved magnetic properties compared with other conventional and 

unconventional techniques, such as sol-gel, hydro-thermal, combustion, co-precipitation, spray pyrolysis 

among others. Finally, the optimal conditions to obtain strontium ferrite precursor powder were obtained 

using the process of electrocoagulation and strontium carbonate in solid phase, with a calcinations 

temperature of 1150 o C during 3 hr. 

P-071 

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PLURONIC F68/IMOGOLITE BLEND ON MICA SUBSTRATE 

BY ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY (AFM) 

V.D. Samith 1, 2, 4a, N. Arancibia 2, 3b , M. Escudey 2, 3c , R. Dabrian 2, 4d 2, 4e 

and G. González 1 Fisicoquímaca Molecular., Universidad Andrés Bello, República 275, Santiago, Chile 

67


2 Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Santiago, Chile 

3 Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O’Higgins, 3363, Santiago, Chile 

4 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile 

a vdsamith@uc.cl 

Keywords: Pluronic F68/Imogolite, Atomic Force Microscopy. 

The triblock copolymer Pluronic F68 belongs to class of amphiphilic nonionic surfactants, relevant 

for applications in nanomedicine, which includes transport of drugs to selective target in the body [1]. 

Similarly, imogolite which is one of the clay minerals contained in volcanic soils also has potential biological 

interest [2]. The imogolite may be synthesized chemically from tetraethoxysilane and aluminum chloride [3]. 

In this work we report atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies which reveal how the interaction between 

imogolite nanofibers and F68 modulates the self- assembly of this block-copolymer. As expected both 

materials exhibit good compatibility in aqueous media . The AlOH groups on the outer surface of imogolite 

are pH-dependent [2], while Pluronic F68 is in general pH-independent. However, the OH terminal groups of 

poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) - block poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) in the presence of imogolite contribute to 

the self-assembly of the system. Thus under such hydrophylic conditions the aluminosilicate fibers are never 

isolated in the solution, but always preferentially located on the top of the F68 structure. 

P-072 

La AND Ti DOPED KNN NANOCERAMICS 

M.D. Durruthy-Rodriguez 1,2 , J.J. Gervacio-Arciniega 1 , J. Portelles 2,3,4 , J. Fuentes 2,3,4 , A. Pérez 3 , M. 

Hernández 1,2 , J. M. Yañez-Limón 1 , O. Raymond 4 , J. Heiras 4 , J.M. Siqueiros 4,* . 

1 CINVESTAV-Unidad Querétaro, IPN, Libramiento Norponiente 2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, CP 76230, 

Querétaro, México. 

2 Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Cibernética, Matemática y Física, CITMA, 15 # 551, Vedado, 

La Habana, CP 10400, Cuba. 

3 Facultad de Física, Universidad de La Habana, San Lázaro y L, Vedado, La Habana, CP 10400, Cuba. 

4 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, AP 14, Ensenada 

22860, B.C., México. 

*jesus@cnyn.unam.mx 

In the present work the results of the ferroelectric and optical properties characterization studies of 

La and Ti KNN doped ceramics sintered at temperatures in the 1100 - 1190°C interval are presented. The 

doping was realized by substitution of La for the A-site ion site and Ti for the B-site ion. Dense ceramics were 

obtained with densities up to 94% of the theoretical value. The effect of the inclusion of La and Ti were made 

evident by the shift of the ferroelectric-paraelectric temperature from 420°C for pure KNN to ~110°C for the 

doped ceramic. Grain sizes of 27 and 28 nanometers for the 1100°C and 1190°C samples, respectively, were 

determined by microstructure analysis through Scanning Force Microscopy. Raman Spectroscopy was used to 

analyze vibrational, rotational and low frequency modes of the samples. Optical properties measurements 

were used to determine the optical gap (~3.0 eV) and strong emission bands were found in the blue at 2.18 eV 

and red spectral regions at 1.86 eV associated to oxygen vacancies and Lanthanum levels respectively. 

68


P-073 

CARBON NANOTUBES SYNTHESIZED TO DEVELOP ELECTROCATALYTIC SUPPORTS 

B. J. Arango Perdomo 1, a , A. A. Arango Perdomo 1, b , G. Alonso-Nuñez 3, c , A. Fernández Madrigal 2, d , Y. 

Gochi-Ponce 1, e . 

1 Doctorado en Ciencias en Desarrollo Regional y Tecnológico DDRT-2005-10. División de Estudios de 

Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca, Calz. Tecnológico # 125, CP. 68030, Oaxaca, 

Oax., México. Tel: +52 9515165248. Fax: +52 9515161954 

2 Centro de Investigación en Energía, Privada Xochicalco S/N, C. P.62580, Temixco, Morelos, México. Tel: 

(777) 362 00 90. Fax: (777) 325-0018 

3 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana Ensenada, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B. 

C. México.Tel: 01 (646) 174 46 02 

a bonfilioarango@hotmail.com, b asuncionadriana@hotmail.com, c galonso@cnyn.unam.mx, 

d afm@cie.unam.mx, e ygochi@gmail.com 

Keywords: MWCNT, MORPHOLOGY, STRUCTURE VOLTAMMETRY, ORR. 

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were synthesized by spray pyrolysis of toluene with 

dissolved ferrocene to development two electrocatalytic materials. This synthesis was carried out varying the 

spraying time to obtain nanotubes with different morphology and structure. Afterwards, these materials were 

purified by acid refluxing to remove iron and undesirable impurities, and then characterized with different 

techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Raman Spectroscopy 

and Thermogravimetric Analysis. According to the results, different morphologies and structures were 

confirmed using this technique. Morphologies obtained were aligned and spirals carbon nanotubes (labeled 

AMWCNT and SMWCNT, respectively). The electrocatalysts were synthesized from a chemical reaction of 

an organometallic salt of platinum. The supports, AMWCNT and SMWCNT, were loaded with 10 wt% Pt. 

The electrocatalysts were characterized as cathodes in an electrochemical half-cell by cyclic and linear 

voltammetry. Results of electrochemical characterizations showed that AMWCNT had a better performance 

toward oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in acid medium, compared with SMWCNT. This demonstrates a 

positive effect that the AMWCNT morphology and structure have on the selectivity of this electrochemical 

reaction. Results of electrochemical characterizations showed that AMWCNT had a better performance 

toward oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in acid medium, compared with SMWCNT. This demonstrates a 

positive effect that the AMWCNT morphology and structure have on the selectivity of this electrochemical 

reaction. 

P-074 

ELECTRON INELASTIC MEAN FREE PATHS OF TANTALUM AND TANTALUM NITRIDE 

THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION 

Karla Paola Valdez Núñez 1,a , W. De la Cruz 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada 

(CICESE), Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, C. P. 22860, Ensenada, B. C. México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, km. 107 Carretera Tijuana- Ensenada, C. P. 22860, 

Ensenada, B. C. México. 

Keywords: Tantalum nitride, REELS, PLD. 

a kvaldez@cnyn.unam.mx, b wencel@cnyn.unam.mx 

69


The most important physical parameter for quantitative analysis using surface electron 

spectroscopies XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) and REELS 

(Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy) is the Inelastic Mean Free Path (IMFP) of the electrons 

traveling in the surface region of solids. In this work, we show the calculated IMFPs values for Ta and Ta 2 N 

in a range of energies between 200 and 2000 eV. The IMFPs values were derived from the energy loss 

function (Im{-1/}) using the models proposed by Yubero and Tougaard [1.2] . The REEL spectra were 

acquired on Ta and Ta 2 N thin films. The thin films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on Si substrate 

in a Riber LDM-32 system using a high purity tantalum target. The Ta sample was deposited in ultra-high 

vacuum conditions and the Ta 2 N thin film was deposited at a 40 mTorr pressure of nitrogen in the growth 

chamber and a substrate temperature of 600 °C. The deposits were monitored in-situ by REELS and XPS. 

The IMFPs values were analyzed in terms of the Bethe equation for inelastic scattering and compared with the 

TPP-2M predictive formula, also, the IMFPs values were calculated when surface effects are present and 

without these effects. In addition, this study showed that there is a good agreement between the IMFPs of the 

TPP-2M and the calculated, only for the metallic sample. The Authors are grateful to D. Dominguez, J. A. 

Diaz, J. A. Peralta, J. Palomares, M. Sainz and V. García for technical assistance. This work was supported by 

proyect DGAPA IN103711. 

[1] Yubero F, Tougaard S. Phys. Rev. B 1992; 46: 2486. 

[2] Yubero F, Sanz JM, Ramskov B, Tougaard S. Phys. Rev. B 1996; 53: 9719. 

P-075 

DESIGN OF AN IN SITU SEM MANIPULATOR 

Pedro A. Segura Chávez 1,a , J.Valenzuela Benavides 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, CNyN-UNAM, México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, México. 

a pedro_sc@cnyn.unam.mx, b valenzue@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: micro-manipulation, micro-positioning, SEM, piezo, piezoelectric, slip-stick, submicrometric. 

We present the construction and possible applications of a positioning device design to be used in 

conjunction with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for in situ manipulation of nanostructures. Its 

principle of operation is achieved by the use of piezoelectric ceramics to produce the so-called slip-stick 

motion in the sub-micron scale with 3-degrees of freedom. Two radial and one linear motion are used to 

position a sharp tungsten tip while the SEM provides the imaging during the process. Two modes of operation 

are available, 1) a stepped movement using the slip-stick principle for coarse approach and positioning, and 2) 

a fine continuous motion for precise contact or manipulation with nanometer resolution. 

Careful attention 

was put on its compact size and vacuum compatibility for in situ SEM operation and functionality. 

Applications of the device are presented and discussed. 

P-076 

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCRYSTAL GATE DIELECTRIC OBTAINED BY 

TWO-STEP ANNEALING PROCESS 

70


David Mateos 1,a , Nicola Nedev 1,b , Mario Curiel 2,c , Diana Nesheva 3,d , Abraham Arias 1,e , Emil Manolov 3,f , 

Oscar Contreras 2,g , Benjamin Valdez 1,h , Oscar Raymond 2,i and Jesus M. Siqueiros 2,j 

1 Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juárez, s/n, C.P. 21280, 

Mexicali, BC, México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 14, C. P. 22800, 

Ensenada, B. C., México 

3 Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 

Sofia, Bulgaria 

a david.mateos@uabc.edu.mx, b nicolan@uabc.edu.mx, c curiel@cnyn.unam.mx, d nesheva@issp.bas.bg, 

e arias.abraham@uabc.edu.mx, f emman@issp.bas.bg, g edel@cnyn.unam.mx, h benval@uabc.edu.mx, 

i raymond@cnyn.unam.mx, j jesus@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Si nanocrystals, MOS, nonvolatile memories, electrical characterization. 

In Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) applications employing a nanocrystal gate, the top SiO 2 layer 

is usually deposited by CVD, PECVD or PVD method. In this work we present results for two-region films 

consisting of SiO 2 containing Si nanocrystals (NCs) and stoichiometric SiO 2 on top (SiO 2 -Si NCs/SiO 2 ) 

fabricated starting from a single SiO x film. The two regions were obtained by varying the annealing 

atmosphere and times. Advantages of the proposed method are that only one deposition process is used for 

both, the nanocrystal and the oxide regions and that the SiO 2 is grown by a process similar to thermal 

oxidation. It is well known that thermally grown SiO 2 has better dielectric properties than low pressure CVD, 

PECVD and PVD oxides. To form SiO 2 -Si NCs/SiO 2 films, SiO x layers with x = 1.15 or 1.3 were subjected to 

a two-step annealing process carried out at 1000°C. First, the samples were annealed in pure N 2 and then in a 

90% N 2 + 10% O 2 atmosphere with a total annealing time of 60 min. The depth to which the SiO x film was 

oxidized was controlled by varying the N 2 and N 2 +O 2 annealing times. High-resolution XTEM analysis 

reveals formation of two regions: the first one, far from the top surface exhibits Si nanocrystals, while the 

second one close to the top surface shows a uniform amorphous SiO 2 phase. Larger annealing times in 

oxidating atmosphere result in formation of thicker SiO 2 regions. I-V measurements carried out at room 

temperature confirmed the formation of high quality stoichiometric SiO 2 on top of the nanocrystal region. 

P-077 

VOLUMETRIC STUDIES OF TRANSIENT PLASMAS USING CONFOCAL IMAGING WITH 

OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY 

Noemi Abundiz 1a , Jhonatan Guerrero 2 , Ángeles Pérez 2 , Esteban Luna 3 , Salvador Zazueta 3 , and Roberto 

Machorro 3b 

1 Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CNYN-CICESE, B.C. México, 

2 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, UABC, B.C. México. 

3 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Ensenada, B. C., 

México 

a nabundiz@cnyn.unam.mx, mail, b roberto@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: plasma, optical spectroscopy, confocal imaging. 

Optical spectroscopy provides information about the spatial and temporal evolution of transient 

plasma species produced by the laser-matter interaction, such as excited atoms, ions or molecules. Ablation 

plasma were made by pulsed Nd-YAG laser, focused into an aluminum target. 

A camera lens forms the 

71


plasma image onto an optical fiber array fibers to capture the plume image.. The other extreme of optical 

fiber array is re-arranged to form a column, which becomes the entrance slit of the spectrograph. An 

electronic device produces a precise time delay between laser pulse and image capture. A gated image 

intensified CCD captures the output plane of the spectrograph. Moving the camera lens and fiber array along 

the optical axis, we make a confocal scanning of the plasma. From this data is possible to get density and 

temperature maps of the species, and its discrete time evolution, this is possible because the plasma is 

dominated by collisions, and intensity ratios of lines from the same ion will depend exclusively on the 

temperature and electron density in the manner prescribed by the Boltzmann distribution. We present 

reconstruction of spectral images of the plasma, as a function of time and axial displacement. Partial support 

from the Conacyt-Mexico project 60351 and DGAPA-UNAM projects IN100910 is acknowledged, Miss 

Abundiz thanks Conacyt for her scholarship. 

P-078 

YCrO 3 OBTAINED FROM NANOMETRIC HYDROXIDE PARTICLES FABRICATION OF 

PERIODIC ARRAYS OF ZnO 

Gregorio G. Carbajal Arizaga 3,c , C. Meza F. 2,b and A. Durán 1,a 

1,2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km. 107 Carretera 

Tijuana-Ensenada. Apartado Postal 14, C. P. 22800, Ensenada, B. C. México 

3 Departamento de Química. Universidad de Guadalajara. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, CP 44430. 

Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. 

a dural@cnyn.unam.mx, b melferro@cnyn.unam.mx, c gregoriocarbajal@yahoo.com.mx 

Keywords: ceramics, chemical synthesis, ferroelectricity. 

Perovskites are interesting materials due to their magnetic and ferroelectric properties, which can be 

used to design a single multifunctional device [1]. In this work we report the properties of YCrO3 perovskite 

obtained by calcinations of hydroxide precursors. The hydroxides were precipitated by bubbling gaseous 

ammonia into an Y(III) and Cr(III) solution. The thermal treatment of this hydroxide produced YCrO3 

crystallites with size of 20 nm calculated with the Scherrer equation. The XPS high resolution spectra of Y 3d 

and Cr 2p suggested that the crystallites are composed by Y(III) and Cr(III) cations distributed in the YCrO3 

lattice, i.e. there was no segregation or preferential formation of Y2O3 or Cr2O3, indicating that the 

hydroxide precipitation retains homogeneously both cations in the solution before the addition of ammonia. 

Furthermore, the BE shifts of Y3d and Cr2p signals in YCrO3 suggested charge transfer between Y(III) and 

Cr(III) cations. The electrical conductivity of YCrO3 prepared with the hydroxide precursor presented values 

with two orders of magnitude larger than the oxide prepared by the combustion method. Small-polarons are 

thermally activated as a transport mechanism, whose Eact is strongly affected by the preparation method. 

[1] M. Bibes, A. Barthélémy, Nat. Mater. 7 (2008) 425–426. 

P-079 

NANOSTRUCTURES 

Francisco Mayboca-Chávez 1,a and J. Valenzuela-Benavides 2,b 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, CNyN, UNAM, Ensenada, B.C. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, Ensenada, B.C. 

72


a fmayboca@cnyn.unam.mx, b valenzue@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: zinc oxide, electron beam lithography, EBL, cathodoluminescence. 

In the following work, we combine the technique of electron beam lithography (EBL) with physical 

vapor deposition (PVD) assisted by a catalyst, to generate ZnO nanostructures (nanorods, nanowires, etc.), 

which is a semiconductor material that has interesting electronic and luminescent properties. Patterning by 

EBL is accomplished using a well known polymer resin sensitive to electron beam radiation: 

polymethylmethacrylate or PMMA. The spin coating technique is used for the deposition of PMMA on 

silicon substrates, as this will produce uniform thin films of the polymer for EB patterning. By direct 

evaporation and subsequent removal of the non-radiated PMMA film, a metal (Au, Fe, Ni) is deposited in the 

patterns generated by the electron beam. Once the desired arrangement of the metal catalyst is achieved, the 

substrates are placed in the furnace to generate ZnO nanostructures, which by varying the growth conditions 

(temperature, pressure, etc.), will take the form of nanowires, nanorods, nanobelts, etc. The optical properties 

of the patterned nanostructures are characterized by the cathodoluminescence (CL) technique. 

P-080 

EFECTIVITY OF GOLD CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON MIXED OXIDES IN NO AND CO 

ABATEMENT IN THE EXHAUST GASES 

E. Vargas 1,a , E. Smolentseva 2,b , M. Estrada 3,c , F. Castillón 2,d , S. Fuentes 2,e A. Simakov 2,f 

1 Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería, Área: Nanotecnología, UABC, Ensenada, B.C., México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología-UNAM, Ensenada, B.C., México 

3 

Posgrado en Física de Materiales, CICESE, Ensenada, B.C., México 

a eunice@uabc.edu.mx, b Lena-Smol@yandex.ru, c mestrad@cicese.mx, d ffcb@cnyn.unam.mx, 

e fuentes@cnyn.unam.mx, f andrey@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Gold catalysts, NO reduction, CO oxidation, lean burn conditions. 

On last decades have increased the attention to environmental protection. The requirements of 

catalysts devoted to this task still involve activity, selectivity, stability and inexpensive. These features should 

be provided by the design of catalytic system able to work in hard conditions even those contrary to the 

desirable reaction. Gold catalysts were prepared by gold deposition-precipitation on mixed oxides of Ce x Al 1-x 

and (CeZr) x Al 1-x , obtained by sol-gel technique. Pre-oxidized catalysts were tested in NO reduction and CO 

oxidation in a reaction mixture consisting of NO + CO + C 3 H 6 in oxygen excess (λ=26), with a space velocity 

of 60,000 h -1 . The gold catalysts over mixed oxides presented higher catalytic activity in NO reduction than 

that based on pure oxides, while their activity in CO conversion was between that for Au-Ce and Au-Al. The 

zirconia introduction affects increase of OSC, size of gold nanoparticles and catalytic activity enhancement. 

The authors thank to E. Flores, P. Casillas, V. García, F. Ruiz, E. Aparicio, M. Sainz, J. Peralta and J. 

Palomares for their kind technical support in this work. This project was supported by DGAPA–PAPIIT 

(UNAM, Mexico) through grant 224510 and PUNTA-UNAM program. E. Vargas is grateful for CNyN for 

grants IMPULSA UNAM and CONACyT (Project 50547). 

73


P-081 

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERFACE DEFECTS IN METAL-OXIDE- 

SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES CONTAINING SILICON NANOCLUSTERS 

Abraham Arias 1,a , Nicola Nedev 1,b , Mario Curiel 2,c , Diana Nesheva 3,d , David Mateos 1,e , Emil Manolov 3,f , 

Benjamin Valdez 1,g , Oscar Contreras 2,h , Oscar Raymond 2,i and Jesús M. Siqueiros 2,j 

1 Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juárez, s/n, C.P. 21280, 

Mexicali, BC, México 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 14, C. P. 22800, 

Ensenada, B. C., México 

3 Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 

Sofia, Bulgaria 

a arias.abraham@uabc.edu.mx, b nicolan@uabc.edu.mx, c curiel@cnyn.unam.mx, d nesheva@issp.bas.bg, 

e david.mateos@uabc.edu.mx, f emman@issp.bas.bg, g benval@uabc.edu.mx, h edel@cnyn.unam.mx, 

i raymond@cnyn.unam.mx, j jesus@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Si nanoclusters, Si nanocrystals, Interface defects, MOS, C-V, G-V, I-V, XTEM. 

Metal-Oxide-Silicon (MOS) structures containing Si nanoclusters were fabricated by sequential 

physical vapor deposition of SiO x film (x = 1.15 or 1.3, d ~ 15 nm) and r.f. sputtering of SiO 2 on n-type 

crystalline silicon. Amorphous or crystalline nanoparticles were grown in the SiO x layer by high temperature 

annealing in an inert gas ambient for 60 min at 700°C or 1000°C, respectively. The nanoparticle formation 

was proven by high resolution TEM, infrared spectroscopy and Raman scattering measurements. Annealed 

and control (with as-deposited SiO x film) MOS structures were characterized electrically by 

Capacitance/Conductance – Voltage (C/G – V) and Current-Voltage (I-V) measurements. The C/G-V 

measurements showed that the structures with amorphous silicon nanoparticles have lower defect density at 

the dielectric/c-Si wafer interface than those with silicon nanocrystals. The obtained results support the crosssectional 

TEM observations that with the increase of the annealing temperature the roughness of the 

c-Si wafer/dielectric interface increases. For example, the control sample exhibits nearly atomically flat 

interface which remains with a width less than 0.4 nm, or 2 monolayers (ML), while the interface of a 1000 

o C annealed sample has a width ~0.8 nm, or 3–4 ML. The obtained correlation between structural and 

electrical characteristics is useful for optimization of devices based on MOS structures with Si nanocluster 

gate. 

P-082 

PIEZO AND FERROELECTRIC RESPONSE OF POST-ANNEALED YCrO 3 THIN FILMS 

D. Valdespino 1.* , M. Herrera 2 , J. Muñoz 3 , A. C. García 4 , A. Durán 2 , J. M. Siqueiros 2 and M. P. Cruz 2 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN)- 

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Km. 107, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, 

B.C., México, C.P., 22860, 

2 CNyN- UNAM, 3 Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), IPN, Libramiento 

Norponiente No. 2000, Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, C.P. 76230, Querétaro, México. 4 Maestría en 

Ciencias, CINVESTAV-Querétaro 

*shadowdvp@gmail.com 

Keywords: multiferroic, magnetoelectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, thin films. 

74


This work presents the piezoelectric and ferroelectric responses of YCrO 3 thin films as functions of 

thickness. Samples of 180, 90, 45 and 20 nm thick were grown by ac magnetron ion sputtering deposition, on 

Pt/TiO 2 /Si substrates, at room temperature, and post-annealed at 900 o C/1 hr. Their morphology was 

characterized by SEM; the charge carrier accumulation, by EBIC; and the piezoresponse was obtained using 

the PFM technique. A better homogeneity and smoother surfaces as well as reduction in charge carrier 

concentration were achieved by reduction of film thickness. Polarization switching, as a test for 

ferroelectricity, was performed in the 20 nm thick film by applying ±12V. Thanks are due to E. Aparicio, P. 

Casillas, V. García and I. Gradilla for their technical assistance. This work has been supported in part by 

CoNaCyT Proj. 174391 and PAPIIT-UNAM Projs. IN107312 and IN112909. 

P-083 

SHEAR VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF NANOPARTICLES DISPERSIONS 

Bair B. Damdinov 1,2,* 

1 Buryat State University, 670000, Smolina Str., 24A, Ulan-Ude, Russia 

2 Institute of Physical Materials science of Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Dept.), 670000, 

Sakhyanovoy Str., 6, Ulan-Ude, Russia 

*dababa@mail.ru 

Keywords: shear and loss modulus, nanoparticles dispersions, rheological measurement, acoustical 

measurement. 

Concentrated dispersions are encountered in different industrial applications. Nanoparticles are also 

added to these dispersions to improve the properties of the final product. The response of the dispersions to 

shear deformation and flow is often of importance. As observed in macroscopic rheological measurements, 

the study of the viscoelastic properties as a function of shear amplitude and rate is important for a better 

understanding of the dynamical and structural properties of liquids. Suspensions of Nd:YAG nanoparticles in 

ethylene glycol were prepared by ultrasound method. Suspensions of nanoparticles of yttrium alumina garnet 

doted by neodium in ethylene glycol were studied using dynamical oscillatory measurements. Shear 

viscoelastic measurements of these particles in ethylene glycol at various concentrations showed a frequency 

dependence of shear and loss modulus in 1 - 100 Hz region. The study of the dispersions also revealed that 

shear viscoelastic properties depend on concentrations, sizes of particles and shear deformation amplitude. 

The same suspensions studied by acoustic resonance method. Comparison of results gives satisfactory 

agreement. Supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research 09-02-00748a. 

P-084 

LASER MICRO-PROCESSING OF MATERIALS FOR BIO AND TECHNOLOGICAL 

APPLICATIONS 

Santiago Camacho López 1,* , Miroslava Cano Lara 1 , Gabriel R. Castillo Vega 1 , Rene I. Rodríguez Beltran 1 , 

Luis F. Devia Cruz 1 , Rodger Evans 1 , Yasmín Esqueda 1 ,M. A. Camacho-Lopez 2 

2 Departamento de Óptica, 1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carr. 

Ensenada-Tijuana 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada, B.C, 22860. 

2 Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Tollocan s/n, esq. Paseo Colón, Toluca, 

Estado de México, 50110, MÉXICO 

75


*camachol@cicese.mx 

Keywords: Ultrafast laser processing, phase transformation, laser-induced waveguides, bubble cavitation, 

gel, photochromic polymers, multiphoton absorption. 

In this work we present a study of short and ultra-short laser pulse processing of different materials 

as Molybdenum metallic thin films, the translucent ceramic Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ), a photocromic 

polymer MIC1 and agar gel. Our laser sources were a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser (800 nm, 60 fs, 70 MHz 

and energy per pulse of up to 6.5 nJ) and two frequency doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers (532nm, 9ns, 1- 

10Hz, and energy per pulse up to 15mJ). The Molybdenum (Mo) thin films (500nm thickness) were deposited 

on fused silica substrates. We irradiated the films using the femtosecond laser oscillator output, the 

experiments were carried out in ambient air and the results show laser-induced oxidation and phase 

transformation (crystalline-crystalline) of the Mo; we have determined the threshold laser fluence for this 

effects. The transformation main features are a change in the color from the initial metallic gray to a rich 

selection of green-blue and dark brown; a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows the 

characteristic crystal growth for Mo oxides; through micro-Raman spectroscopy we determined the nature of 

the phase transformation which follows Mo as-deposited m-MoO 2 o-MoO 2.75 -MoO 3 . The laser-induced 

refractive index change using femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation was studied in the translucent ZrO2-8 mol. 

% Y2O3 ceramic (YSZ). The post-irradiation characterization of the laser-processed regions in the sample 

was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), phase contrast microscopy and micro-Raman 

spectroscopy. We used ns pulses (532and 1064nm) tightly focused inside bulk agar gel samples to study the 

laser-induced cavitation bubble phenomenon. We present a pump-probe laser-flash shadowgraphy system that 

uses two electronically delayed Nd:YAG lasers to image the cavitation bubble dynamics from the pump pulse 

delivery up to several seconds after the interaction, all with nanosecond temporal resolution. We show that the 

interaction is highly nonlinear, and most likely is plasma-mediated. 

P-085 

GROWTH OF FeN ON GaN(0001) 

González-Sánchez, D. 1,a , Takeuchi-Tan, N. 2,b 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, B. C., México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM, México. 

a dgonzale@cicese.edu.mx, b takeuchi@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Gallium nitride, Iron nitride, Density functional theory. 

First principles calculations within the Density Functional Theory (DFT) framework were performed 

to study the growth of iron nitride (FeN) on a surface of wurtzite galium nitride (w-GaN) in order to 

understand the electronic and magnetic properties of the FeN/w-GaN(0001) system. Experimental results 

found in the literature have shown that a cubic structure film can match very well with hexagonal substrates, 

given a particular growth orientation. We simulated the growing by adding layers of FeN on a w-GaN surface. 

The computer code PWSCF (Plane-Wave Self-Consistent Field), which is included in Quantum ESPRESSO, 

was used to perform the numerical calculations. The theoretical results were compared with the results found 

76


in the literature that have shown that the FeN films have a well-oriented epitaxial relationship with the 

substrate and grow smoothly for the first few monolayers. 

P-086 

NONLINEAR OPTICAL RESPONSE OF ALIGNED ELONGATED Ag NANOPARTICLES IN Si0 2 

STUDIED BY THE Z-SCAN TECHNIQUE 

Can Uc, Bonifacio a ; Rangel Rojo, Raúl b 

Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 

3918, Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, B. C. México. 

a bcan@cicese.mx, b rrangel@cicese.mx 

Keywords: Elongated nanoparticles, nonlinear absorption, nonlinear refraction. 

Materials composing metallic nanoparticles embedded in dielectric material have attracted 

considerable attention due to their nonlinear optical properties: large nonlinear susceptibility and their 

response time in the ps regime. The nonlinear response of metallic nanoparticles is linked to the surface 

plasmon resonance, which is dependent on size, shape and environment. Therefore the manipulation of those 

parameters allows the optimization of the nonlinear response of the nanoparticles. In this work, we studied the 

nonlinear response a composite containing of the elongated nanoparticles aligned at 45º with respect to the 

sample surface. The absorption and refraction nonlinear coefficients were studied using the z-scan technique 

away from resonance. The z-scan technique allows separating the nonlinear absorption and refraction 

contributions to the nonlinear response. In these studies, we used a Ti:sapphire pulsed laser with wavelenght 

centred at 830 nm and 88 fs duration pulse. We observed saturable absorption for a polarization at 0º with 

respect to the large axis of the nanoparticles, while at 90º, we did not observe a discernible response. We 

obtained nonlinear refraction measurements for both light polarizations. With those results, we calculated the 

nonlinear coefficients. 

P-087 

TIN NANOPARTICLES: SMALL SIZE-SELECTED FABRICATION AND THEIR QUANTUM 

SIZE EFFECT 

Luis Carlos Hernández Mainet 1,2 , Abel Fundora Cruz 1 , Luis Ponce Cabrera 1 , Eugenio Rodriguez 1 , 

Guillermo Santana 3 , Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina 4 

1 Laboratory of Laser Technology. CICATA-IPN, Altamira, Tamaulipas, 89600, Mexico. 

2 Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE). Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, 10400, 

Cuba. 

3 Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, 

Coyoacán, México. 

4 Centro de Innovación, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería y Tecnología (CIIDIT), Universidad 

Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, C.P. 66450, México. 

Size-selected TiN nanoclusters in the range of 4 to 20 nm have been produced by an ionized cluster 

beam, which combines a glow-discharge sputtering with an inert gas condensation technique. With this 

method, by controlling the experimental conditions, it was possible to produce nanoparticles with a high 

control in size. The size distribution of TiN nanoparticles was determined before deposition by mass 

spectroscopy and confirmed by atomic force microscopy. The size distribution was also analyzed by high 

77


resolution transmission electron micrograph. The photoluminescence [PL] spectra of TiN nanoparticles at 

different sizes were also experimentally investigated. We reported for the first time, the strong visible 

luminescence of TiN nanoparticles on Si (111) wafer due to the reduced size. We also discussed the PL 

intensity as a function of the nanoparticle size distribution. 

P-088 

ANALYSIS OF THE Fe-Mo DOUBLE PEROVSKITE FROM SMALL CLUSTERS 

S. E. Pérez 1,a , E. Carvajal 1,b , R. Oviedo-Roa 2 , M. Cruz-Irisson 1 and O. Navarro 3 

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIME-Culhuacán, Av. Santa Ana 1000, México, D.F., C.P. 04430, México 

2 Programa de Investigación en Ingeniería Molecular, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro 

Cárdenas Norte 152, México, D.F., C.P. 07730, México 

3 Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-360, 

México, D.F., C.P. 04510, México 

a sperezf1008@alumno.ipn.mx, b ecarvajalq@ipn.mx 

Keywords: Perovskite materials, octahedral clusters, density functional theory. 

Solid oxide fuel cells are among the most investigated energy generation devices, for which 

improvements on their electrodes and electrolytes could reflect at the operation temperature and efficiency. 

Different perovskites are used as their electrodes, searching for the convergence of stability, low cost and high 

ionic conductivity. Being the Sr 2 FeMoO 6 double perovskite between them, in this work attention was focused 

on the octahedral arrangements FeO 6 and MoO 6 as well as on FeO 4 and FeMoO 11 clusters, using Density 

Functional Theory (DFT) and the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional within the Generalized Gradient 

Approximation (GGA) scheme. In order to understand the differences in the behavior among up- and downspin 

electrons observed in the half-metallic Sr 2 FeMoO 6 double perovskite, the orbitals and density of states 

were analyzed. Our results reveal that the half-metallic character is present ever since the isolated (FeO 6 ) 4- 

cluster and is a consequence of the non-zero spin at Fe atom coming from t 2g orbitals. The (MoO 6 ) 6- octahedra 

does not inhibit the perovskite half-metallic character because this Mo-containing cluster has a zero total spin. 

P-089 

MODELLING OF ELECTRONIC AND VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF NANOPOROUS 3C-SiC 

J. S. Sánchez a , M. Calvino b and M. Cruz-Irisson c 

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIME-Culhuacán, Av. Santa Ana 1000, 04430 D.F., México 

a jsanchezh1010@alumno.ipn.mx, b mcalvinog0400@ipn.mx, c mcruzi@ipn.mx 

Keywords: Porous silicon carbide, density functional theory, surface passivation. 

Silicon carbide (SiC) is one of the most important semiconductor materials due to its potential 

applications and because it can be synthesized as many nanostructures, like porous among others. The Porous 

Silicon Carbide (PSiC) can be used as a sensor in harsh environments, owing to its excellent resistance to 

oxidation and chemical stability at elevated temperatures and frequencies; also, PSiC exhibits 

photoluminescence (PL), which makes it a good candidate for applications to optoelectronics and 

communications. In this work, we study the dependence of the electronic bands structure, density of states and 

vibrational properties on the chemical surface passivation of β-PSiC [1] by means of Density Functional 

78


Theory calculations based on the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). The phonon dispersion and 

phonon density of states were studied through the finite displacement algorithm [2, 3]. The porous structures 

were modeled using the supercell method, by removing Silicon (Si) and Carbon (C) atoms along the [001] 

direction in a SiC crystal, producing different surface chemistries. The generated surface dangling bonds were 

saturated using H and O atoms. The results show that the electronic band gap is broadened with increasing 

porosities, for the vibrational properties there is a shift towards lower energies of the highest optical phonon 

modes and both results are according to the quantum confinement scheme. 

[1] A. Trejo, M. Calvino, and M. Cruz-Irisson, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 110, 2455 (2010). 

[2] A. Trejo, A. Miranda, A. Díaz-Méndez, M. Cruz-Irisson, Microelectron. Eng. 90, 92 (2012). 

[3] A. Trejo, J.L. Cuevas R. Vázquez-Medina, M. Cruz-Irisson, Microelectron. Eng. 90, 141 (2012). 

P-090 

FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY ON THE ATOMIC ARRANGEMENT AT AlN(0001)/Si(111) 

INTERFACE 

L. A. Palomino-Rojas 1,2,a , L. Morales de la Garza 2,b , N. Takeuchi 2,c and Oscar Edel Contreras López 2,d 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Km 107, Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada, Código Postal 22860, Apartado Postal 2732. Ensenada, Baja California México. 

2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 

2681, Ensenada, Baja California 22800, México. 

a palomino@cnyn.unam.mx, b leonardo@cnyn.unam.mx, c takeuchi@cnyn.unam.mx, d edel@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: deposition, AlN, GGA. 

First principles calculations were performed to study and to determine the atomic arrangement at the 

AlN(0001)/Si(111) interface. The main goal is to simulate the deposition of AlN on the Si(111) surface, the 

starting system was a √ 

√ Al layer on Si(111), which is reported as the most stable for Al on Si (111), on 

which an extra Al layer was added to avoid a nitrogen diffusion into the Si substrate. Finally, two layers of 

AlN are added one by one. The AlN bilayer grows into the (0001) direction and the missmatch of the AlN 

with respect of Si(111) induce a stress on the AlN bilayer, this stress will produce staking defects on the AlN 

film if continue to grow. Calculations are performed within the periodic density functional theory as 

implemented in the PWscf code of the Quantum ESPRESSO package. The exchange and correlations 

energies are treated according to the generalized gradient approximations (GGA) with the gradient corrected 

Perdew, Burke and Enzerholf (PBE) functional. 

P-091 

A THEORETICAL STUDY OF COPPER OXIDE CLUSTERS IN DRY AND WET MORDENITE 

ZEOLITE 

Joel Antúnez García 1,a , Donald Homero Galván Martínez 1,b and Vitalii Petranovskii 1,c 

1 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN) – Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ensenada, 

B.C. –México 

a jantunez@cnyn.unam.mx, b donald@cnyn.unam.mx, c vitalii@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Zeolite, Mordenite, Cluster, Copper oxide, Density functional theory. 

We present a periodic density functional investigation of small copper oxide clusters Cu 2 O x (x=1,2,4) 

introduced in dry and wet mordenite matrix. Calculations were carried out by considering a differently 

79


oriented copper oxide cluster introduced inside the main channel of a mordenite unit cell, and then the atomic 

configuration of the system was optimized. Results shown that although the cluster does not lodge on the 

walls of the zeolite, is captured through electrostatic confinement. Interesting, this electrostatic confinement 

is able to reduce the band gap by a 10 times order, which yields a metallization of the system “zeolitecluster”. 

This metallization effect is more pronounced as the oxidation is increased as consequence of favor 

Cu-Cu interactions. In addition, our results shown a slightly difference on the electronic properties of the 

system zeolite-cluster for the dry and wet cases. However, the dry case presents a better metallization of the 

system. This research was supported by CONACYT, Mexico through grant 102907. 

P-092 

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE COPPER NITRIDE INTERCALATED 

WITH SILVER 

I.Ponce 1,a , Ma. Guadalupe Moreno-Armenta 2,b , Donald H. Galván 2,c and W. De laCruz 2,d 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada No. 3918, A. Postal 360, 22860, Ensenada B.C., México 

2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km. 107 Carretera 

Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P. 22860, Ensenada B.C., México 

a 

iponce@cnyn.unam.mx, b moreno@cnyn.unam.mx, c donald@cnyn.unam.mx, d wencel@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: Reactive sputtering, Copper nitride, XPS, Structure, Band structure. 

The copper nitride (Cu 3 N) is a semiconductor with anti-ReO 3 structure (space group:Pm3m)[1]. This 

peculiar structure exhibits a vacant site at the center of the cell. Recently, it was found that is possible to insert 

transition metal at this vacant site to induce significant changes in the optical and electrical properties [2]. 

Copper nitride (Cu 3 N) and copper nitride intercalated with Ag (Cu 3 N:Ag) thin films were grown by reactive 

DC magnetron sputtering on glass substrates. The atomic concentrations of the films were determined in situ 

by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy. Nitrogen and silver content in the 

films change with the variation in nitrogen flow during the growth. The structure of Cu 3 N was studied via 

minimization of the total energy with respect to the unit-cell volume. The calculated lattice parameters were 

in excellent agreement with the experimental values. The calculations showed that the lattice parameter 

increase with the Ag content in the structure. The band-gap variation was studied with Extended Huckel tightbinding 

calculations, the results showed that the electronic structure of Cu 3 N is modified when Ag is 

intercalated in its structure. The authors are grateful to D.A. Domínguez, E. Aparicio, J.A. Díaz A. Tiznado, 

E. Medina, P. Casillas, for valuable technical assistance. This work was partially supported by projects 

DGAPA IN106709 and IN103711-2. One of us (IPC) received a scholarship from CONACyT-Mexico. 

[1]. JCPDS-ICSS, International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA, USA. 

[2]. M. G. Moreno-Armenta, W. Lopez Perez, N. Takeuchi, Solid State Sci. 9 (2007) 166. 

P-093 

DFT CALCULATION OF ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF CeO 2 USING HYBRID EXCHANGE- 

CORRELATION FUNCTIONALS 

Roberto Núñez-González 1,a , Álvaro Posada-Amarillas 2,b , Ricardo Rangel 3,c and Donald H. Galván 4,d 

1 Departamento de Matemáticas. Universidad de Sonora. C.P. 83000. Hermosillo, Sonora. 

80


2 Departamento de Investigación en Física. Universidad de Sonora. Apdo. Postal 5-088. Hermosillo, Sonora. 

3 División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ingeniería Química. UMSNH edificio V-1. Morelia, 

Michoacán. 

4 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología. UNAM. Ensenada, Baja California. 

a ronunez@gauss.mat.uson.mx, b posada@cajeme.cifus.uson.mx, c rrangel@umich.com, 

d donald@cnyn.unam.mx 

Keywords: DFT, electronic properties, hybrid functional, Ceria. 

We present spin-polarized calculations of the electronic properties of ceria (CeO2) using the 

WIEN2k computational package, which use the APW-lo method within the DFT theory. We computed 

energy versus volume curve, energy bands and density of states (DOS), with different exchange-correlation 

functionals. In this work we use the PBE96 functional and the hybrid functional PBE0 and B3PW91. In a 

hybrid functional a fixed amount of nonlocal Fock exchange is added to local (LDA) or semilocal (GGA) 

exchange-correlation functionals for the treatment of localized orbitals, in our case the Ce:4f orbital. In 

particular, the amount of Fock exchange present in B3PW91 hybrid functional is fixed at two values: 20% 

and 70%, following the work of Torumba et al 1 . The results obtained with hybrid functionals are compared 

with results of PBE96 functional and experimental values. 

[1] D. Torumba, P. Novak and S. Cottenier. Phys.Rev.B. 77, 155101. 2008. 

P-094 

OXYGEN ABSORPTION IN SiC NANOSTRUCTURES A THEORETICAL STUDY 

J. L. Cuevas 1,a , M. Calvino 1,b and M-Cruz Irisson 1,c 

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIME-Culhuacan, Av. Santa Ana 1000, 04430 D.F., México 

a jcuevasf0600@ipn.mx, b mcalvinog0400@ipn.mx, c mcruzi@ipn.mx 

Keywords: Silicon Carbide, Nanowires, Density Functional Theory. 

Recently, there have been many research efforts devoted to SiCNWs, focused to the improvement of 

their field emission properties. 3С-SiCNWs possesses high resistance to chemical corrosion and show 

potential for their application under harsh environmental conditions including high temperature, high power 

and high frequency. In this work we study the electronic band structure and density of states of 3C-SiCNWs 

by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT), based on the generalized gradient approximation [1,2], using 

a revised version of Perdew Burke Enzerhof (RPBE) exchange correlation functional and ultrasoft 

pseudopotential to describe the inner atoms. The SiCNWs are modeled through supercell method [3].To avoid 

the interaction between replicas a distance of 10 Å is considered. To investigate the differences that could 

arise from the different chemical surface passivation, the surface dangling bonds are saturated with H and OH 

radicals. Also to study the effect of anisotropy the nanowires are constructed in four growth directions: [111], 

[112], [001] and [110]. The results from these calculations show a higher energetic stability when the surface 

of SiCNWS is saturated with OH radicals compared with H atoms. Also the OH passivation produce a smaller 

band gap than the H passivation. 

[1]A. Miranda, J.L. Cuevas, A. E. Ramos and M. Cruz-Irisson, Microelectron. J. 40, 796 (2009). 

[2]A. Trejo, M. Calvino and M. Cruz-Irisson, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 110, 2455 (2010). 

[3]A. Miranda, X. Cartoixá, M. Cruz Irisson and R. Rurali, Nano Letters 10, 3590 (2010). 

81


P-095 

EFFECTS OF GRADUAL LITHIATION ON THE ELECTRONIC AND STRUCTURAL 

PROPERTIES OF POROUS SILICON: A FIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY 

D. A. Mandujano a , E. Carvajal b and M. Cruz-Irisson c 

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIME-Culhuacan, Av. Santa Ana 1000, 04430 D.F., México. 

a dmandujanor1000@alumno.ipn.mx, b ecarvajalq@ipn.mx, c mcruzi@ipn.mx 

Keywords: Porous silicon, Lithium, DFT. 

In the last years there has been a great interest on the applications of nanostructures to lithium-ion 

batteries. Being silicon among the most attractive anode materials for this kind of batteries, due to its high 

charge capacity (4200 mAh/g), the main technical problem associated with their use seem to be the 

mechanical failure caused by volume expansion; however, this difficulty can be overcome by producing 

nanoporous in Si. In this work, attention was focused on the effect of lithium insertion in porous silicon (PSi), 

the porous structures were modeled as empty columns along the [001] direction in an otherwise perfect Si 

crystal, using the supercell method [1,2]. Surface dangling bonds were saturated initially with hydrogen 

atoms, which progressively were replaced with lithium atoms. Alterations on the electronic band structure and 

density of states for PSi, with progressive lithiation, were obtained through Density Functional Theory (DFT) 

calculations within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). The correlation and exchange functional 

used was a revised version of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (RPBE) with ultrasoft pseudopotentials to describe 

the inner electrons, and a sampling grid of the reciprocal lattice of 4x4x4 in Monkhorst-pack scheme. Results 

show a gradual decrease of the electronic band gap with increasing lithiation and a large lattice deformation 

probably due to the repulsion between Li atoms. 

[1] A. Trejo, A. Miranda, A. Díaz-Méndez, M. Cruz-Irisson, Microelectronic Engineering 90, 92 (2012). 

[2] P. Alfaro, R. Cisneros, M. Bizarro, M. Cruz-Irisson and M. Cruz-Irisson, Nanoscale 3, 1246 (2011). 

P-096 

RAMAN SCATTERING OF NONPOLAR NANOPOROUS SEMICONDUCTORS FROM FIRST 

PRINCIPLES AND GREEN’S FUNCTION APPROACHES 

A.Trejo 1,a , P. Alfaro 1,2,b , M. Cruz-Irisson 1,c and C. Wang 2,d 

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIME-Culhuacan, Av. Santa Ana 1000, D.F., 04430, MÉXICO 

2 Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 70-360, D.F., 

04510, MÉXICO 

a atrejob0800@ipn.mx, b palfaro@ipn.mx, c irisson@unam.mx, d chumin@unam.mx 

Keywords: Porous Germanium, DFPT, Born Model, Raman Response. 

In recent years porous silicon (PSi) has been extensively investigated both theoretically and 

experimentally due to its possible applications in optoelectronics and sensors. Another nonpolar porous 

semiconductor of great interest is porous Germanium (PGe) which has been less studied, however it offers 

interesting possibilities for their application as photonic crystals in the IR spectral Range. On the other hand 

Raman spectroscopy is one of the most popular non-destructive techniques to investigate elementary 

excitations as well as the details of micro and nanostructures. In this work we theoretically study the Raman 

scattering spectrum of PGe and PSi through two methods. First the Raman spectrum of the nanostructures is 

82


obtained through the first principles Density Functional Perturbation Theory [1] using the generalized 

gradient approximation and norm conserving pseudopotentials. Also we used the Green’s function and the 

born potential approach [2] to calculate the Raman intensities of both PGe and PSi. Results show a shift 

towards lower frequencies of the highest frequency bulk Raman peak which is according to the phonon 

confinement scheme. 

[1] K. Refson, P. R. Tulip, and S. J. Clark, Phys. Rev. B 73, 155114 (2006). 

[2] P. Alfaro, R. Cisneros, M. Bizarro, M. Cruz-Irisson and C. Wang, Nanoscale , 3 1246 (2011) 

P-097 

HYBRID ENTANGLEMENT IN TRIPLE QUANTUM DOT SHUTTLE SYSTEM 

Mora Vargas Jorge Alberto 1,a , Rojas Iñiguez Fernando 2,b ,Cota Araiza Ernesto 2,c , Villavicencio Aguilar 

Jorge Alberto 3,d 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana- 

Ensenada, C.P 22860, Ensenada B.C. México 



3 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Km 103 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 

C.P. 22860 Ensenada, B. C. México 

a jmora@cnyn.unam.mx, b frojas@cnyn.unam.mx, c ernesto@cnyn.unam.mx, d villavics@uabc.edu.mx 

Keywords: hybrid entanglement, quantum dots, Schmidt number. 

Entanglement is a key feature for quantum computation and quantum information processing. 

Entanglement between two or more systems occurs when the compound quantum state that describes both 

systems cannot be represented as the factorization of states of each system separately. This purely quantum 

phenomenon has been experimentally proved even for different degrees of freedom (hybrid entanglement) 

and, in the last decade, the interest on entangled systems has greatly increased. Here we consider hybrid 

entanglement in a system consisting of a chain of three quantum dots, the outer dots coupled to voltage leads 

with an oscillating central dot which has been proposed as a quantum shuttle (in the Coulomb-blockade 

picture). The position of the central dot modulates the electron tunneling rate, so that the electronic states of 

the quantum dots are correlated with the oscillation states. A compound system is entangled if it contains nonclassical 

correlations (quantum correlations). In the triple quantum dot system described above a 3xN hybrid 

entanglement between the (3) electronic states of the dots and the (N) oscillation modes is present. In steady 

state, we have characterized this hybrid entanglement using the Schmidt number, which is obtained by a 

Schmidt (polar) decomposition. We studied the degree of entanglement, at some quantum levels, as a function 

of the detuning (between the left and right dots) and the tunneling length, controlled by the quantum oscillator 

position. We obtained certain conditions on the detuning parameter for which the Schmidt number is a 

maximum. These conditions are related with anti-crossings of the eigenvalue spectrum of the system. For a 

fixed detuning, we found a critical tunneling length for which the Schmidt number is a maximum. 

Furthermore, a relationship between the entanglement conditions described above and physical measurable 

quantities, such as electric current, is discussed. 

83


P-098 

SIMULATION OF AN ALCOHOL SENSOR USING TWO MICROCAVITIES OF POROUS 

SILICON AND P-N JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS 

E. Osorio a,* , L. Acquaroli b , G. García-Salgado a , R. Urteaga b , H. Juárez a , and R.R. Koropecki b,c . 

a Centro de Investigación en Dispositivos Semiconductores, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla CIDS-ICUAP, 

14 sur and Av. San Claudio, San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México. 

b Grupo de Semiconductores Nanoestructurados, Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química 

(CONICET-UNL), Güemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina 

c Facultad de Ingeniería Química, UNL, Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. 

*osoriodelarosa@gmail.com 

Keyword: sensor, microcavities, porous silicon, solar cells. 

A chemical sensor configuration based in the optical properties of nanostructured porous silicon 

microcavities is proposed. The system does not require any dispersive element such as a spectrometer; 

instead, the de-correlation between the optical responses of two optical microcavities is used. The design 

includes the use of a photovoltaic device with a spectral response tuned by depositing one of the porous 

silicon optical microcavities onto its surface. Results of simulations of the performance of the sensor are 

presented. 

P-099 

SCATTERING OF ELECTRON WAVE PACKETS IN GRAPHENE 

Saúl Zavala Ortiz 1,2 * and Francisco Mireles Higuera 3 

1 Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería – UABC, Ensenada BC, México. 

2 Depto. de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica. Instituto Tecnológico de Ensenada. 

3 Depto. de Física Teórica, CNyN-UNAM, Ensenada BC, México. 

* szavala@itensenada.edu.mx 

The recent isolation of graphene and the measurement of its extraordinary mechanical and electronic 

properties has lead to a quite remarkable research interest in this material. Graphene (and its multi-layers) 

emerges as the best candidate to design novel quantum nanodevices. This has motivated a race to understand 

and predict the behavior of electrons in graphene in the presence of electrostatic potentials, e.g. those due 

to impurities or defects, as well as those produced by local voltages [1-3]. In this work we 

present an analytical and numerical study of the dynamic of charged quasi-particles in graphene 

monolayer with and without scattering with external electrostatic potentials. In the model, the charge carriers 

are described by moving Gaussian wave packets. We extend the standard time evolution methods used in 

ordinary semiconductor physics and apply it to quasi-relativistic graphene. We have developed an efficient 

numerical scheme to describe the time evolution of the electronic pseudospinors of graphene which is 

suitable for the study of external non-uniform potentials and spin-orbit related effects. We will contrast our 

results with those obtained recently by Rakhimov et al. [3] and discuss also about the versatility 

of our numerical approach to include the presence of magnetic fields in the scattering phenomenon. This work 

was supported in part by PAPIIT project No. 109911-3. 

Katsnelson M. I., Novoselov K. S., and Geim A. K., Nature Physics, 2, 620 (2006). 

Maksimova G.M., Demikhovskii V. Ya., and E.V. Frolova, Phy Rev B, 78, 235321 (2008). 

84


Rakhimov K.Y., Chaves A., Farias G.A. and Peeters F.M., J.Phy.: Condens.Matter.23 275801 (2011). 

P-100 

TUNING FANO-TYPE RESONANCES IN COUPLED QUANTUM POINT CONTACTS BY 

APPLYING ASYMMETRIC VOLTAGES 

Rubén C. Villarreal 1,2,a , Francisco Mireles 2,b , Ernesto Marinero 3,c and Bruce Gurney 3,d 

1 Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, BC, 22800, México 

2 Departamento de Física Teórica, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM Ensenada, BC, 22800, 

México 

3 Hitachi San Jose Research Center, Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, San Jose CA 95135, USA 

a rcesar@cnyn.unam.mx, b fmireles@cnyn.unam.mx, c ernesto.marinero@hgst.com, d bruce.gurney@hgst.com 

Keywords: Electronic Transport, Fano resonances, Tight binding, Green function, Aharonov-Bohm effect. 

We study the ballistic magnetotransport in a double quantum point contact (QPC) device consisting 

of a quasi-one-dimensional quantum wire with an embedded islandlike impurity - etched nanohole as in a 

recent experiment 1 . We reproduce the zero field quantized conductance, the interference phenomenon induced 

by the coupled QPCs, as well as the Ramsauer-like resonances observed in the experiments. At finite 

magnetic fields Fano-type resonances arises in the conductance due to the formation of localized states at the 

impurity periphery and to an interedge state resonant coupling effect. It is predicted that the Fano-type 

resonances can be controlled by an asymmetric confinement of the QPCs 2 . 

[1] Chen J.C., Lin Y., Lin K.-T., Ueda T., Komiyama S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 012105 (2009). 

[2] Villarreal R.C., Mireles F., Marinero E., Gurney B., Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 172102 (2011). 

P-101 

UV-VIS AND EPR CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROTHERMALLY MODIFIED NATURAL 

ZEOLITES FROM TASAJERAS, CUBA 

F. Chávez-Rivas 1,a , G. Rodríguez-Fuentes 2,b , R. Teutle-Gutiérrez 1,c , I. Rodríguez-Iznaga 2,d , R. Zamorano 

Ulloa 1,e and V. Petranovskii 3,f 


2 Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE), Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, s/n, Ciudad 

de La Habana 10400, Cuba 


C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., México. 

a fchavez@esfm.ipn, b gerardo@imre.oc.uh.cu, c teutle@esfm.ipn.mx, d inocente@imre.oc.uh.cu, 

e davozam@yahoo.com, f vitalii@ccmc.unam.mx 

Keywords: Natural zeolite; Clinoptilolite; Hydrothermal acids treatments; orthophosphoric acid, ferric and 

ferrous treatments; UV-Vis DRS; EPR. 

The hydrothermal acid treatments applied to natural zeolites (NZ) were described in a previous paper 

[1]. As a result, OPAZ and Fe2+-OPAZ samples with very low contents of iron, as well as Fe3+-OPAZ 

sample with a considerably high content of iron mainly in the form of hydrated ferrous sulfate crystals were 

prepared. In the present work complementary spectroscopic analyses by UV-Vis and EPR (as a function of 

temperature) were carried out in order to verify the effectiveness of this hydrothermal method in obtaining of 

fine clean Clinoptilolite crystals. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed the existence of isolated Fe3+ ions sites in 

tetrahedral coordination, in line with small oligomeric FexOy clusters and “large” particles likely present on 

85


the external zeolite surface in OPAZ and Fe2+-OPAZ samples. More complex is the Fe3+-OPAZ sample, due 

to the high Fe loading (5.03 wt%) and the appearance of some other new phases. Analysis of UV-Vis spectra 

permitted to suggest a relatively large amount of clusters with different nuclearity, as well as larger 

agglomerates. Temperature dependent EPR experiments gave information on the presence of small 

ferromagnetic clusters in hydrothermally treated samples. Signal with g = 13, expected to belong to a 

magnetite-like phase, together with strongly distorted rhombic Fe3+ sites. Signal with g = 4.3 was ascribed to 

isolated framework sites, and Fe3+ iron sites with g = 2.0 assigned to iron ions in small paramagnetic 

nanoparticles of Fe2O3. Also the case of Fe3+-OPAZ sample was peculiar because of the presence of Mn2+ 

impurity. Due to the complexity of the phenomena responsible for the intensity and shape of the resonance 

signals (such as distribution and size of the ferromagnetic moieties) a comparison of the signals (particularly 

for g = 13) in the different samples in quantitative terms is not possible. This research was supported by 

CONACYT, Mexico through grant 102907. 

[1] G. Rodriguez-Fuentes, L.C. de Ménorval, E. Reguera, F. Chávez Rivas, Solid state multinuclear NMR study of iron species in natural and modified clinoptilolite 

from Tasajera deposit (Cuba), Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 111 (2008) 577-590. 

P-102 

MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITE FROM ETLA, OAXACA, 

MEXICO 

G. Zacahua Tlacuatl 1,a , A. Manzo-Robledo 1,b , F. Chávez Rivas 2,c , G. Berlier 3,d , V. Petranovskii 4,e and J. J. 

Castro-Arellano 1,f 

1 Sección de Posgrado e Investigación. ESIQIE-IPN, 07738, D. F., México 



4 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, 

Apdo. Postal 14, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., México 

a gzacahua@ipn.mx, b amanzor@ipn.mx, c fchavez@esfm.ipn, d gloria.berlier@unito.it e vitalii@ccmc.unam.mx, 

f jjcastro@ipn.mx 

Keywords: Natural zeolite; Clinoptilolite; Etla deposit; SEM; TEM; microRaman; FTIR, Electrochemical 

activity. 

The morphological characterization of zeolitic mineral from Catano-Etla, Oaxaca, before and after 

three hours of grinding in an iron mill was carried out. SEM and TEM show that before grinding particles 

were in the range of sizes from 50 to 1 µm, with predominant size of 30 µm. After grinding, particles 

decreased to a range from 8 to 1 µm with a predominant size of 2 µm. A Si/Al ratio measured by EDS was in 

the range of 4.3-4.9, characteristic for clinoptilolite structure. Significant changes were observed by micro- 

Raman spectroscopy in the vibrational modes in the spectra of samples before and after grinding. FTIR 

spectra in the OH - region show the presence of Si-OH surface groups at 3747 cm -1 before grinding. 

Additionally, a new line appears at 3617 cm -1 after grinding which could be assigned to bridging hydroxyl 

groups Si(OH)Al. These morphological and structural changes due to the grinding procedure produce 

significant effects in the electrochemical response during anodic polarization (from 0.3 to 1.3 V/SCE) as a 

function of pH. Faradic interactions of Blue-69 dye in the electrode with the grinded zeolite were linked to 

oxidation processes. 

86


P-103 

STUDY OF THE EFECT OF pH IN THE NITROBENZENE PHOTODEGRADATION WITH Zn 

AND Co DOPED TiO 2 

Christian L. Castro Riquelme 1 , Ana P. Reyes Cruzaley, Sergio Pérez-Sicairos 1 , Rosa M. Félix-Navarro 1 , 

Edgar A. Reynoso-Soto 1,* , Gabriel Alonso-Nuñez 2 



2 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología. Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada. Apdo Postal 356 


Keywords: nitrobenzene, photodegradation, TiO 2 

*edgar.alonso@tectijuana.mx 

Heterogeneous photocatalysis has shown a high potential in application related to liquid phase 

pollution control processes. Due to the feature of using dioxygen, light and complete mineralization of 

organic and inorganic substrates, this method is considered as environmentally friendly for the environment 

pollution treatment field. Nitrobenzene has been nominated by the National Institute of Environmental Health 

Sciences for listing in the Report on Carcinogens based on the conclusions of an International Agency for 

Research on Cancer (IARC). A small amount of nitrobenzene can cause mild irritation if it contacts the skin 

or eyes directly. However, repeated exposures to a high concentration of nitrobenzene can result in 

methemoglobinemia, a condition in which the blood’s ability to carry oxygen is reduced. Among the 

photocatalysts, TiO 2 (in anatase phase) has been most widely used because it is easily available, inexpensive, 

non-toxic and shows relative high chemical stability. The photocatalytic reaction mechanisms are widely 

studied. The principle of the semiconductor photocatalytic reaction is straight forward. Upon absorption of 

photons with energy larger than the band gap of TiO 2 , electrons are excited from the valence band to the 

conduction band, creating electron-hole pairs. These charge carriers migrate to the surface and react with the 

chemicals adsorbed on the surface to decompose these chemicals. In this work, we describe the preparation of 

highly pure and stable anatase cobalt and zinc-ion-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been prepared 

by sol-gel methodology and were characterized. Also the photocatalytic properties and the influence of the pH 

in the degradation of nitrobenzene were study. 

P-104 

DEOXYGENATION AND KETONIZATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS PROSPECTIVE WAY FOR 

GREEN DIESEL PRODUCTION. 

Irina Simakova 1,a , Paivi Mäki-Arvela 2,b , Miguel Estrada 3,c , Andrey Simakov 4,c , Mikhail Simonov 1,a , Yulia 

Zaiceva 1,a , Alexey Shutilov 1,a , Galina Zenkovets 1,a , Dmitry Murzin 2,d , Valentin Parmon 1,e 

1 Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Novosibirsk, Russia 

2 Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland 

3 Posgrado de Física de Materiales de CICESE-UNAM, Ensenada, México 

4 Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM , Ensenada, México 

a simakova@catalysis.ru, b pmakiarv@abo.fi, c andrey@cnyn.unam.mx, d dmurzin@abo.fi, 

e parmon@catalysis.ru 

Keywords: ketonization, deoxygenation, carboxylic acids, green diesel 

87


The benefit of the catalytic deoxygenation [1] and ketonization [2] processes is their safety for 

environment because non-polluting by-products are formed to produce green diesel from renewables such as 

C 16 -C 18 acids present in vegetable oils and C 5 -C 9 carboxylic acids produced in aqueous phase reforming of 

sugars and sugar alcohols. Conversion of C 16 -C 18 acids into one carbon less hydrocarbons has been studied 

over the most promising Pd/C catalyst in lean hydrogen atmosphere with controllable Pd dispersion. Methods 

of TPR H 2 , TPD CO, TEM, N 2 adsorption and CO chemisorption were applied to elucidate correlation 

between deoxygenation activity and Pd structure properties. An optimum metal dispersion and presence of 

species with proper metal-support interactions giving the highest catalytic activity were established (Table 1) 

[3]. Experimental TOF dependence vs. Pd size correlated well with the theory [4] (Fig. 1). Impact of mass 

transfer and reaction temperature was elucidated. 

Vapour phase ketonization of C 5 acid (as a model compound) was studied over metal oxides ZrO 2 , 

CeO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , CeO 2 /ZrO 2 , MnO 2 /ZrO 2 , CeO 2 /Al 2 O 3 at T= 573÷673 K under PH 2 =1 bar. The effect of T, 

residence time and C 5 acid initial concentration on the conversion and selectivity to the desired ketone was 

investigated. 

Table 1. Pd species distribution according to TPR H 2 for catalysts with 

different dispersions. Experimental TOF in C18 acids deoxygenation 

(300°C, 17.5 bar 5%H 2/Ar) 

Pd 

dispersion 

Pd big 

particles, 

% 

Pd-O-C (I), 

% 

Pd-O-C (II), 

% 

TOF 

(s -1 ) 

A (18%) 57 36 7 30 

C (65%) 20 60 20 109 

D (72%) 6 27 67 12 

TOF, s -1 

Figure 1. Effect of Pd dispersion on TOF 

200 

180 

160 

140 

120 

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0 

0 1 2 3 4 

Radius, nm 

Selectivity to 5-nonanone of 94% at complete conversion of valeric acid was observed over the most 

active ZrO 2 at 628 K. 

Acknowledgements 

Financial support was provided by RFBR Grant № 11-03-94001-CSIC-а, 10-03-01005-а, PCC (Åbo 

Akademi University, Finland), and partly by UNAM trough grant PAPIIT IN224510 (Mexico). 

[1] M. Snåre, P. Mäki-Arvela, I.L. Simakova, J. Myllyoja, D.Yu. Murzin, Rus. J. Phys. Chem. B 3 (2009) 17-25. 

[2] A. Corma, M. Renz, C. Schaverien, ChemSusChem 1 (2008) 739–741. 

[3] I.L. Simakova, O.A. Simakova, P. Mäki-Arvela, A.V. Simakov, M. Estrada, D.Yu. Murzin, Appl.Catal. A: Gen. 355 (2009) 100-108. 

[4] D. Yu. Murzin, I.L. Simakova, Kinetic and Catalysis 51 (2010) 1–4. 

P-105 

NANOPORE ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID MATERIALS WITH PROPERTIES OF CELL 

REGENERATION I. PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION 

Juárez López B. 1 , Hernández Espinosa M.Á. 2 , Salgado Juárez M. A. 3 , Portillo Reyes R. 3 , Hernández Aldana 

F. 4 

1 Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México 

2 Departamento de Investigación en Zeolitas, Instituto de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. 

3 Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México 

88


2 vaga1957@gmail.com 

Keywords: LTA, ZSM-5, Clinoptilolite zeolite, high-resolution sorption, texture measurements; diabetic foot. 

Organic nanoparticles were formed on LTA, ZSM-5, clinoptilolite zeolites and montmorillonite clay 

forming a group of hybrid materials. The nanoparticles were analyzed by GC-Mass and come from an active 

phase of a plant being constituted by 1-2 benzenedicarboxylic acid (66.1%), hexadecanoic acid (74.9%) and 

Y-isosterol (81.4%). Each of the hybrid materials has been characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and FTIR. 

Additionally the hybrid materials obtained were analyzed by high resolution adsorption studies 

(HRADS).The N 2 adsorption isotherms at 76 K obtained with and without the formation of nanoparticles 

show a character Ia for (LTA, FAU and ZSM-5) synthetic zeolites, while natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and 

clay (montmorillonite) show a character type II-IV.The adsorption capacity of these substrates has been 

analyzed using the Langmuir, De Boer, Dubinin-Astakhov equations and Gursvitch Rule. The micropores 

were studied by the methods S , t, D-A plots, and NLDFT approach.The results indicate that the growth of 

nanoparticles in zeolites results in the emergence. Proposed opening of emerging pores may have different 

geometry. However, in the case of ZSM-5 zeolites and LTA the pores were blocked by the nanoparticles. 

P-106 

CO 2 AND NO 2 ADSORPTION ON NA-ERIONITE 

Téllez Flores D. 1 , Hernández Espinosa M.Á. 2 , Corona Otero L. 2 

1a Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México 

2 Departamento de Investigación en Zeolitas, Instituto de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. 

Keywords: zeolite, erionite, adsorption, pore size. 

1 imat.tellez.d@gmail.com, 2 vaga1957@gmail.com 

CO 2 and NO 2 adsorption was studied on natural and modified with Na + erionites delivered from Agua 

Prieta (Sonora, Mexico). The adsorption isotherms on different substrates were determined at temperatures 

above 523 K by means of adsorption chromatography. The data obtained were analyzed using Langmuir, 

Freundlich and the Dubinin-Astakhov equations. The total amount of adsorbed gases was a function of 

adsorption temperature, interaction of CO 2 and NO 2 with solid and the content of Na + cations located at the 

mouths of the micropores which form the hollow structure of the erionites. The interaction between CO 2 and 

NO 2 molecules and Na-erionites was measured in terms of isosteric heat of adsorption. The higher energy of 

interaction was found for the original substrate and another one treated with dilute NaCl, then continued with 

erionites exchanged with the same cation at higher concentrations and to a lesser extent with erionites 

containing monovalent ions. In addition, the value of isosteric heat of adsorption increased with the increase 

of the amount of CO 2 and NO 2 adsorbed as the result of their mutual interaction. In turn, Na + cations located 

in the zeolites channels modify the surface of pores and affect isosteric heat of CO 2 and NO 2 adsorption. 

89

INDEX 



CONFERENCE CHAIR 

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE 

P R E S E N T A T I O N 

CONFERENCE TOPICS 

SPEAKERS 

WORKSHOPS 

EXHIBITS 

WEEK SHEDULE 

I 

II 

II 

III 

IV 

V 

VI 

VII 

VIII 

PLENARY SESSION 1 

PLENARY I 1 

PLENARY II 1 

PLENARY III 2 

PLENARY IV 3 

PLENARY V 3 

PLENARY VI 4 

PLENARY VII 4 

PLENARY VIII 5 

PLENARY IX 5 

PLENARY X 6 

PLENARY XI 7 

PLENARY XII 7 

PLENARY XIII 8 

PLENARY XIV 8 

ORAL SESSION 10 

O-001 10 

O-002 10 

O-003 11 

O-004 12 

O-005 12 

O-006 13 

O-007 13 

O-008 14 

O-009 15 

90


O-010 15 

O-011 16 

O-012 16 

O-013 17 

O-014 17 

O-015 18 

O-016 19 

O-017 19 

O-018 20 

O-019 21 

O-020 21 

O-021 22 

1st POSTER SESSION 23 

P-001 23 

P-002 23 

P-003 24 

P-004 24 

P-005 25 

P-006 26 

P-007 27 

P-008 27 

P-009 28 

P-010 28 

P-011 29 

P-012 29 

P-013 30 

P-014 31 

P-015 32 

P-016 32 

P-017 33 

P-018 33 

P-019 34 

P-020 35 

P-021 35 

P-022 36 

P-023 36 

P-024 37 

P-025 37 

P-026 38 

P-027 39 

P-028 40 

91


P-029 41 

P-030 41 

P-031 42 

P-032 43 

P-033 43 

P-034 44 

P-035 44 

P-036 45 

P-037 45 

P-038 46 

P-039 47 

P-040 48 

P-041 48 

P-042 49 

P-043 50 

P-044 50 

P-045 51 

P-046 51 

P-047 52 

P-048 53 

P-049 53 

P-050 54 

P-051 55 

P-052 55 

P-053 56 

2nd POSTER SESSION 57 

P-054 57 

P-055 57 

P-056 58 

P-057 58 

P-058 59 

P-059 60 

P-060 60 

P-061 61 

P-062 61 

P-063 62 

P-064 62 

P-065 63 

P-066 64 

P-067 65 

P-068 66 

92


P-069 66 

P-070 67 

P-071 67 

P-072 68 

P-073 69 

P-074 69 

P-075 70 

P-076 70 

P-077 71 

P-078 72 

P-079 72 

P-080 73 

P-081 74 

P-082 74 

P-083 75 

P-084 75 

P-085 76 

P-086 77 

P-087 77 

P-088 78 

P-089 78 

P-090 79 

P-091 79 

P-092 80 

P-093 80 

P-094 81 

P-095 82 

P-096 82 

P-097 83 

P-098 84 

P-099 84 

P-100 85 

P-101 85 

P-102 86 

P-103 87 

P-104 87 

P-105 88 

P-106 89 

INDEX 90 

93

94 

1st International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials




www.cnyn.unam.mx 

Dr. José Narro Robles 

Rector 

Dr. Carlos Arámburo de la Hoz 

Coordinador de la Investigación Científica 

Dr. Sergio Fuentes Moyado 

Director de Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología 

Km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 

Ensenada, Baja California, México, C.P. 22860 

95

Universidad Nacional AutÃ³noma de MÃ©xico - CNyN

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?