Wireless World 1982 11

ECTRONICS COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS BROADCASTING AUDIO AND VIDEO
Austrana AS 2.70
Canada CS 3.25
Denmark DKR. 33.25
Germany DM. 7.00
Greece DRA. 190.00
Holland DFL. 8.50
t
Italy 3700
New Zealand NZ$ 3.00
Norway NKR. 26.00
Singapore MS 5.50
Spain PTS 275.00
Swl:zerland FR. 7.00
J.S.A. $ 3.75
etter headphone stereo

nterfacing the nanocomp
ethnological choices for the VK
o
Autoranging
EL millivoitmeter
10kHz to 1GHz + IEEE488 interface available.
True r.m.s. or average responding Hold r .. ility
Autoranging or manual Small size
LED range indication Operates from a.c. mains or

external d.c.
High sensitivity
Low power consumption
Linear dB scale
Programmable
details from ... Parnell
FARNELL INSTRUMENTS LIMITED WETHERBY WEST YORKSHIRE LS22 4DH TELEPHONE (0937 61961 TELEX 557294 FARIST G
WW--0Ot FOR FURTHER DETAILS

mews monar»a eilarMil.,.
ELECTRONICS
BROADCASTING
wireless COMMUNICATIONS
COMPUTING
AUDIO
world VIDEO
NOVEMBER 1982 VOL 88 NO 1562
31 WIRING TECHNOLOGY OF THE PAST
INTERFACING THE NANOCOMP
Front cover is the microprocessor - 35 TWO -METRE TRANSCEIVER

controlled amateur transceiver
featured in this issue by T. D.
R Furrpçt !r
Forrester, photographed by Alan
McFaden with special effects by BINAURAL RECORDINGS AND LOUDSPEAKERS
Lasercolor.
d
NEXT MONTH
Morse decoding by micro COMMUNICATIONS
computer, by J. P. Sargent, uses a °elect Butt, Piccolo syste Amateur digital stereo
567 tone decoding and seven -bit
clock to time incoming signals
Morse code is interfaced to a ZX81
via a p.i.o. chip. Machine code
44 ENGINEERING AND SOCIETY
routines use this data to provide by R. Howie
up to 9 lines of text.
Leading Japanese'research
engineer Y. Hirata, gives
BBC ENGINEERING - 1922 ONWARD
measurements of non-linearities in
four p.c.m. processors and
compares them with those from MEMORY SYSTEMS
three analogue tape recorders.
Logic maps, by N. Darwood, gives DV L ..
the history of methods for

-
showing logical truth from 13th
CIRCUIT IDEAS
century Lull to present-day
Karnaugh maps. Fgrom programmer Speed regulator Smoke detector
Picotutor-microprocessor
assembly language trainer MODULAR PREAMPLIFIER
designed by Bob Coates of
Nanocomp fame assumes no
previous experience of
microprocessors.
DIGITAL POLYPHASE SINEWAVES
Current issue price 80p, back issues (if
available) £1, at Retail and Trade Coun-
ter, Units 1 & 2, Bankside Industrial
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Available on microfilm; please contact LETTERS
editor.
By post, current issue £1.23, back issues
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to EEP General Sales Dept., Quadrant
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SM2 5AS.
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Telephones: Editorial 01-661 3500. Ad- NEWS
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Subscription rates: 1 year £14 UK and
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.,
Student rates: 1 year £9.35 UK and , PROGRAMMABLE GPIB TO SERIAL INTERFACE

£11.70 outside UK.
Distribution: Quadrant House, The
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Telephone 01-661 3500.
Subsciptions: Oakfield House, Perry - SINGLE IC FSK MODEM/EVENTS
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Please notify a change of address.
USA: $39 surface mail, $98.30 airmail.
US subscriptions from IPC B.P., Sub- EPROM EMULATOR
scriptions Office, 205 E.42nd Street, NY
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Suite 1217, New York, NY 10022. 2nd
class postage paid at New York. NEW PRODUCTS
© IPC Business Press Ltd. 1982 ISSN Swap sme
0043 6062.
WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982 1

Sowter
Transformers
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have overseas clients in the COMMONWEALTH, E.E.C., USA, MIDDLE EAST, etc. Quarta
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This technology is available now from Limited
E. A. Sowter Ltd. Manufacturers and Designers

29 Market Street
Crewkerne
Somerset TA r 8 71u
E. A. SOWTER LTD. (Established 1941) : Reg. No. England 303990
The Boat Yard, Cullingham Road, Ipswich IP1 2EG, Suffolk Crewkerne (0460) 74433
P.O. Box 36, Ipswich, IP1 2EL, England Telex 46283 inface g
Phone: 0473 82794 and 0473 219390
Telex 987703G Sowter
e
WW - 024 FOR FURTHER DETAILS WW - 019 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
MicRO PROFESSOR
YOUR GUIDE TO THE WORLD
OF M ICROPROCESSORS
*
....
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A lowcost tool forleaming, teaching & prototyping.
* . ..
Micro-Professor is a low-cost Z80 based microcomputer which provides you with an
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Complete the coupon their unlimited potçntiol. ,
today) Micro -Professor is a complete hardware and software system whose extensive
Please allow 28 days for delivery. manual gives you detailed schematics and examples of programme code. A superb
Please send me: Price Oty p&p learning development tool for students, hobbyists and microprocessor engineers, as
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SSB-MPF board £69.95 £2.95 science courses.
EPB-MPF board £84.95 £2.95 Technical specification
PRT-MPF board £74.75 £2.95 Z80 CPU, 2K RAM, 2K monitor, 24 1/0 lines, LED display, cassette interface, CTC/PIO
Total facility, 2.25" speaker, three manuals, 36 keyboard. Options include; EPROM board,
speech board and printer board.
enclose cheque/P.O. for £
Please send or telephone for full details.
I
Name
Address
£7295-w
FLIGHT ELECTRONICS LTD. Flight House, Ouayside Rd, Southampton,
Hants SO2 4AD. Tel: (0703) 34003/27721. Telex: 477793.
WW11/82 Mail order only a Trade enquiries welcome Bulk order discounts Prices include VAT
2
WW - 022 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982
Electronic Brokers are Europe's leading Second User Equipment Company. We carry large stocks of the very latest test
equipment which is refurbished in our own service laboratories and calibrated to meet the manufacturer's sales specifications.
When you buy used equipment from Electronic Brokers, it can be yours in just days. No waiting for manufacturers lengthy
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ANALYSERS
Hewlett Packard£850.00
3560A Spectrum Analyser 5Hz-50KHz
£2980.00
7014 Digital Counter plug-in 525MHz
434 Option 01 Storage Oscilloscope

25MHz
P6015 1 -1V Probe
22250.00
£295.00
TF2005R 2 Tone Signal Source. 20Hz-
20KHz. 0-111d8 in 0 1 dB steps £295.00
sweeper.
.
TF2008 AM/FM 10KHz-510MHz built n

0.2yyV-200mV£3500.00
TF2016 + T 173 synchroniser AM/FM
1485C PAUNTSC Dual Standard
Waveform Monitor
528 TV Waveform Monitor
£2950.00
£950.00
655HR-1 TV Colour Picture Monitor
(NTSC + PAL + FIG8) £3800.00
141 T/85528/8555A 10MHz-18GHz 10KHz-120MHz £2000.00
£9750.00 Tuinalpmant
332A Distortion Meter 5Hz-600KHz 0M63 Storage Oscilloscope Fitted with TF2169 Pulse Modulator for use with
£200.00
MISCELLANEOUS
£495.00 2 x V4 Plug -ins to give 4 Trece 15MHz
TF2015 or TF2016
2385.00 Bruit C Kjar
£1350.00 TF 2000 AF Signal Source 2209 Sound Level Meter £975.00
8407A/8412A Network Analyser CT 71 Curve Tracer £450.00 TF 2015 + TF-2171 Generator &
£1950.00 Synchroniser 21850.00
Texecan. 85 AF Power meter 20Hz-30KHz
Marconi
TF2331 Distortion Meter 20Hz -£475.00
20KHz DÚ12012" Display £425.00 Philips.
PM6456 Stereo Generator. ....£250.00
1 oy W -50W input mp 1.2-1000
£250.00
TEKTRONIX PLUG INS Radiometer
Solartron 5A48 Dual Trace Amp DC-50MHz SMG1 Stereo Generator £375.00 qTg Tesi Set £355.00
1172 TFA £4000.00 £400.00
Tektronix
7001 /F2 Logic Analyser n 77044
5842 Delay Timebase £800.00
7413 Diff. Comparator Amp. DC-105MHz
Talonio
10064 Sweep Oscillator 450 - 850 6Ó0O Fluke
883 AC/DC Differential
845 AB NuN Detector
2915.00
£810.00
£4950.00 21500.00
Mainframe
7L5 20Hz-5MHz Piao n £4750.00 7416A Single Trace Amp. DC-225MHz
£425.00
TEKTRONIX TM500 30104 L ictester. Self
Full Spec. on Request £8500.00
Portable. .
Contained.
7L12100KHz-1800MHz
qup in £5500.00 7A18 Dual Trace Amp. DC-75MHz SERIES - Hewlett Packard.
71_13 1 KHz-1800MHz Pkig in £7500.00 2450.00 DM502A True R M S 3%. digit DMM 84034 Modulator Fitted With 87328 PIN
7422 Diff. Amp. DC -1 MHz 10íV/Div £200.00 MODULATOR £1500.00
BRIDGES £525.00 DC503A 125MHz Canter £450.00
£800.00
8482H Power Sensor 100KHz-4.2GHz. AS
NEW 2250.00
Marconi 7429 Dual Trace Amp. DC -1 GHz DC505A 225MHz Canter
TF1245/TF1246 Q Meter 40KHz-SOKHz £1250.00 D0501 Digital Delay £495.00 8745A S Parameter Test Set. Fitted with
£950.00 7810 Timebase For use n 7104 £1200.00 FG501 Function Generator 0.001 Hz- 11604A Universel Arms 0.1-2GHz
TF1313A 0.1% LCR Bridge £775.00 7815 Delay Timebase For use n 7104 1MHz 2375.00 £2750.00
TF27001 % LCR Bridge £345.00 £1250.00 FG503 Function Generator 1 Hz-3MHz 593084 HP-IB Timing Generator. £300.00
£350.00 6275.00
£875.00cette
TM4520 Set of Inductors 7850 Timebase £275.00
t
Rohde Schwarz.
LRT (13N6100 Inductance Meter. 1 H-
7853A Duel Timebase For use n 7600
series 2485.00
FG504 Function Generator 0.001 Hz-
40MHz £950.00
Marconi.
TF2162 M.F. Attenuator. 0-111 dB
£185.00
100vH. 2.2-2 5KHz £395.00 7885 Delaying Timebase £900.00 PG508 Puise Generator 5Hz-50MHz
£800.00 TF 2502 RF Power Meter DC -1 GHz 10W
7892A Dual Timebase For use n 7900 £525.00
Wayne Kerr £1500.00 SC502 15MHz Dual Trace Scope
SR LCR % £795.00 series £1000.00 TF2500 AF Power Meter. 7 ranges 100y
268 Source 6 Detector 7014 DigitalCounter. 525MHz.. £850.00 to 25 watts £275.00
SR 7M11 Dual 500 Delay Une £575.00 SC504 BOMHz Dual Trace Scope
£1250.00 TM8339 AC/DC mixer for use with TF2702
FREQUENCY COUNTERS s1 Sampling Head (unused) £450.00
SG503 Snewave Generator 250KHz- X80.00
Hewle Packard RECORDERS 250MHz £950.00 Rohde and Schwarz.
53404 8 Digit 1 OHz-18GHz ... E37S0.00 Hewlett Packard SG504 Snewave Generator 245MHz- MSG Stereo Coder. 30Hz-15KHz £500.00
Marconi 70404 X-Y Recorder Vtlnch 1 POA 1050MHz £1850.00 Schaffner
TF2431 8 Digit200MHz Unused. 2200.00 70358 X-Y Recorder POA TG501 Timemark Generator .... £950.00 NSG 509 Pulse Test Generator £785.00
£275.00 £150.
.
TF2432 8 Digit 520MHz 7045A X -Y Plotter T'Base Metric TM501 Manframe (a wide
£1150.00 TM515 Mainframe [5 wide) £350. Shacknlan
DVM's AND DMM's Super 7 WU Camere £275.00
Fluke
Watanabe.
WTR 281 6 Channel Chart Recorder TEKTRONIX TV TEST Tektronix
8300A 5'/ Digit DC only 1 yV sensitivity 5 191 Constant Amplitude Sg. Gen. 350KHz-
rarges to 1100V £750.00 yokagawe
£950.00 EQUIPMENT 100MHz 5mV-5.5V 2250.00
Philips
pa -
3047 2 Channel 2 cm/HR 60crn /MIN
£550.00
141 A PAL Test Signal Generator
£1730.00 106 Square Wave Generator 1 nS risetime
10Hz-1 MHz without accessories. £175.00
PM 2523-01 LED 314 Digit DMM £95.00 .
148 PAL Insertion Test Generator 288442Pulse Generator 70ps raetameeyp£950
Solartron. SIGNAL SOURCES £4000.00
7055 Microprocessor OMM. Scale Length Hewlett Packard. 1421 PAL Vectorscope £1250.00 2901 Time-Mark Generator ... E18S :+
- _
20,000. AC/DC volts, resistance. 42044 Decade LE Oscillator. 10Hz-1 MHz. 1481 C PAL Waveform Monitor £2500.00
l uN/ 0 1anV-loV into 6002 £895.00 Please note: Prices shown do not include VAT or carriage.
OSCnLLOSCQPES
Marconi.
60M ÁM
65MHz. AM 9Ge
608E -0
Generator.
£850.00
z AM/PCM Mafulat0n
I I
I = I I ezw I _1 I
=w1=1=1111=1=241.7.1=4=
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+TK2214 X-V Display and
£800.00
memory £550.00 0.158-1 V oauuttpqunt
6168 1.8-4.2GHz nt or eut PCM/FM
Philips
3234 1ueMHual Storage
£485.00
6518 est Oscillator. 10Hz-10MHz.
.00
Electronic Brokers I I _I e I =al 111
Oscillo scope
Osc CRT. £1750.00 .
0.1 mV -3.16V
q
2415.00
synthesizer.01Hz- Electronic Brokers Limited
º:
PM324450MHz4 Channel Delay1' £995 0
Tektronix.
C£ 13MHz500.00 eney
8616ASigrelGeneratorl.8-4.5GHz
25GHZ 0 61/65 Kings Cross Road
475 Dual Trace 200MHz Portable
7313 100MHz Storage Mainframe
8620C + 862508 Sweep Oscillator
B124GHz
Marconi.
P.O.A.LONDON CIX 9LN
TF144H/4 AM Signal Generator. 10KHz-
Telephone: 01-278 3461

7603 100MHz Mainframe £1300.00 TF200272MHz. £750.00
544050MHzMainframe £1000.00 AM/FM 10KHz-BBMHz
5441 50MHz Venable Persistante StorageTF20028 £1200.00
Mainframe E1800.00
7704A 200MHz Mainframe c/w 7422 D ff.
Amplifier, 7426 Dual Channel. 7880
Timebase and 713135 Delaying Timebase
TF21200.Do08Hz-100KHzWaveform
Generator £900.00
TF2170B Synchronizer for TF20028
£450.00
Telex: 298694 Elebro G
Latest Second User Test Equipment Catalogue
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7904 500MHz Mainframe £4500.00 2895.00
IJ 1 OLSON
V
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VERTICAL RANGE FROM 3-10 SOCKETS

FOR RACKS
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IT MUST BE OLSON
OLSON ELECTRONICS LIMITED 5TEL001G 39823 3LEILEX 296797)
BUILD A PAIR OF MICRO MONITORS!

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The Micro Monitor kit contains all the components needed - a pair of
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11ADiXl'1()\ 1)E'l'1:C'l'()RS
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35/39 Church Street, Wilmslow, Cheshire SK9 lAS
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As supplied to Fire Services/Civil Defence
WITH DATA
21\ Lightning service on telephoned credit card orders, HENRÿs Official Orders welcome
01-723 1008/9
CALLERS: 404 EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON W2 1ED
WW - 043 FOR FURTHER DETAILS Mail Orders/Export Enquiries to: 11-12 Paddington Green, London W2
4 WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982

Electronic Brokers
SINEWAVE
DEC SALE
a selection from our huge stocks] November
Olympia
16-19
All items reconditioned unless otherwise stated
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Stand 5129
COMPEC '82
INTERFACES
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* VT78 32KB Video Data Processor KLBJAAsychronouss(8E 8A) £275
* RX01 Dual Roppy Disk Drive M7258PinterVF P1 1) £325
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* Mounted in mobile unit with storage M8342PrnterVF 8E,8A] £225
cupboard PDPBA
* Includes complete WP Software PDP8A-205 Processor 101/2",
package £2,950 32KWMOS[NEW) £1,750
SYSTEMS POPBA-400Processor, 8KW
PDP11 V03 SYSTEM Core, KMBAA, DKCBAA E1,500
11/03 32KB Processor including KC8AAProgremmersConsole £275
Console Interface KMBAA Option Module E275
RXV11 Dual Floppy Disk Drive and Control MM8AA8KWCoreMemory £500
Low Cabinet on Castors MM8AB 16KW Core Memory £985
RT11 Licence £1,525 MSBCB32KWMOSMem £750
RXBE Dual Rappy&Ctl[NEWI £995
RX28 Dual Floppy and CU [NE7J) ... £1,450
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RX118D RX01 + Unibus CU .... £995
AR1116 channel A/D E750
RXV 11 BO RX01 + LSI CU £,885
RXBE RX01 + PDPB CU £995' BAI 1FE expander box £995
RX21 1 BD RX02 + Unibus CU £1450 BA11KF expander box E1,35
RX28 RX02 + POPS CU £1450 BA11LFexpenderbox £825
RK06 14MB Add-on £1500 DH11ACMultplexor £3,250
RK611 RK06+CU £3250 DH11ADMultiplexor £4,000
RK07 28MB Add-on £3500 DJ11 AAMultiplexorEl A[NEW) .. £1250
RK711RK07+CU £5250 DL11 Serial Inter( ace
OL11WAsynchronouslnterface £395
DAM IDA Line Adaptor £525
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PDP8A-205 32KWMOS [NEW) £1,750 £525
DUI 1DA Synchronous Interface
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POP8A13008KWCore E1,500 £750

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popi X44-CB256KB. TU58 £12,750 H744PowerSupply £125
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KMC11 A Auxiliary Processor . . . . . £875
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1
CARACAL POWER PRODUCTS LIMITED
londonWC1X 9LN. TeI:01-278 3461.Telex 298694
42-44 SHORTMEAD STREET, BIGGLESWADE, BEDFORDSHIRE
Telephone: 0767 81361 1 _ I
_ =01 r_
=I 1
_ I =1 _ I =01 _ I =1
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Electronic Brokers I I
WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982 WW - 203 FOR FUR HER DETAILS
® IEEE PROGRAMMABLES from TIME
9814 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE STANDARD
A higher performance voltage standard with 4 ranges from 0.1 volt to 10 volt output. Accuracy is 0.01% and the
resolution of setting is 1 in 200,000. Output resistance is less than 0.01 ohms, and output current adjustable
20mA-200mA.Temperature coeff is less than 2Oppm/°C and long term stability better than 50ppm per year. Full
manual control is available via front panel controls. Available for benchtop use or 19" rack mounting.
9816 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE VOICE

A high quality speech synthesizer which has a 280 word vocabulary. By suitable programming via the IEEE bus
it is possible to output single words, phrases and sentences. The vocabulary has been chosen to be applicable
e. e.
to many ATE applications.
9815 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE SCREWDRIVER

The unit has been designed to overcome the problems of adjusting large numbers of multi -turn trimmers in
ATE systems. The screwdriver is fully programmable via the IEEE bus with 3 speeds of rotation and 2 selectable
torque values available. The unit is supplied complete with a flexible drive shaft and drill chuck into which
a s
various adjusting tools can be located.
aim a ail=
9810 IEEE/PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLY
0-33V in 0.1V steps. Local or remote (IEEE) operation. Fully programmable on the IEEE bus with 3 settable
current limits mA, 10mA and 1.1A. A dual version of the 9810 is also available. The unit is 3 Euro units high and
1
standard 19" rack mounting width.

w
EEC=
rrrrrrtit 9812
24
IEEE PROGRAMMABLE SWITCH
double pole changeover switches are available with full IEEE control. Each switch is rated at 1 Amp, 30V dc or
100V ac. Thermal emfs have been minimised to less than 1µV per switch. All outputs are on the rear panel along
with the IEEE address selector switch and bus connector. Manual control of the switches is also provided via a
set of front panel switches which also incorporate LED indicators.
9811 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE RESISTANCE

0-1Megohm in 1 Ohm steps, fully programmable via the IEEE bus. Accuracy is 0.1% over most of the resistance
range. Resistors are rated at 1 watt each. An attractive feature is the option to switch to local operation when the
output resistance can be set up manually via front panel switches.
reg TIME ELECTRONICS LTD, Botany Industrial Est., Tonbridge, Kent, England TN9 1 RS. Tel 10732) 355993. Telex: 95481
P
An entire
range of
Happy Memories
low-cost part type
4116 200ns
1 off
.83
25-99
.72
100 up
.66
high- 4116 250ns
4816 100ns For BBC comp 2.45
.75 .65
2.10
.60
1.95
performance 4164 200ns 4.95
1.15
4.55
1.00
4.20
.90
2114 200ns Low power
instruments 2114 450ns Low power .95 .85 .80
sabtronics 4118 250ns

6116 150ns CMOS
2708 450ns
2716 450ns 5 volt
3.25
3.70
2.60
2.60
2.85
3.20
2.25
2.25
2.65
2.95
2.10
2.10
'Making Performance Affordable 2716450ns three rail
2732 450ns Intel type
5.75
3.75
5.00
3.25
4.65
3.00
2532s150,ns Texas type 3.75 3.25 3.00
5020A Hz-200KHz Function Generator 8000B GHz 9-Digit Frequency Meter £3.25
1 1
Z80A-CPU Z80A-P10
£4.35 £3.25 Z80A-CTC
2033 31/2 -Digit L.C.D. Hand DMM PSC-65 600MHz Prescaler 7812 reg. .50
6522 PIA 7805 reg.
£3.98 .50
365-S Protoboard AT -001 x1 Passive Probe
LP -10 10MHz Logic Probe AT -010 x10 Passive Probe Low profile IC sockets: Pins 8 14 16 18 20 22 24 28 40
8110A 100MHz 8 -Digit Frequency Meter AT -110 x1'x10 Passive Probe (Switchable) Pence 9 10 11 14 15 18 19 25 33
8610B 600MHz 9 -Digit Frequency Meter
Soft -sectored floppy discs per 10 in plastic library case:
Also Oscilloscopes 15-30MHz Single or Dual trace. 5 inch SSSD £17.00 5 inch SSSD £19.25 5 inch DSDD £21.00
8 inch SSSD £19.25 8 inch SSDD £23.65 8 inch DSDD £25.50
Test our low priced test equipment. It measures up
74LS series TTL, large stocks at low prices with DIY discounts
to the best. Compare our specs and starting at a mix of just 25 pieces. Write or phone for list.
our prices- no-one can beat our
price/performance ratio. Please add 30p post and packing to orders under £15 and
VAT to total
3Ilm Access & Barclaycard welcome
24 -hour service on (054 422) 618
Illustrated brochure and price list from: Government and Educational orders welcome £15 minimum
BLACK STAR LTD Trade accounts operated, 'phone or write for details
9a Crown Street, St. Ives, Cambs. PE17 4EB HAPPY MEMORIES (WW)
Tel: (0480) 62440. Telex: 32339
Gladestry, Kington
Herefordshire HR5 3NY
Tel: (054 422) 618 or 628
In research, development, testing or production
need controlled L.F. power, we can help.
if you
With Amcron amplifiers there's a choice
of rugged, reliable units, tried and tested in
industry and backed by the service and support
you need.
Just circle the enquiry number, write or
telephone - we'll be pleased to tell you more.
Amcron products, G.A.S. support - The Control Force.
C.A.S. ELECTRONICS
16, ST. ALFEGE PASSAGE, LONDON SE10
TELEPHONE: 01-853 5295
TELEX: 923393 LASER G
91,111111111
Multimeters. What
meter?
what price
...
excellence?
certainly less than you think. A bulk
purchase has enabled us to offer these
superb, fully auto -ranging, 31 digit
multimeters at a special low price
No matter what panel meter you may be looking for we can give
you the meter you want. The Bach -Simpson range of standard
models represents the largest selection of meters you will find
E56.35 o
anywhere. See our new catalogue and you will see what we mean.
You may of course, have a need for customised meters. Do you
require special sensitivities, special movement ballistics or special
scales?
inc. VAT and p&p
No problem! you tell us we can supply.
With our UK manufacturing facilities and our new Mod -Centre, we
can produce meters to meet your requirements.
If you would like to know more - write or 'phone now and ask
"Q-ev for Colin Williams.
At*, Air/
BachSimpson
Bach -Simpson (U.K.) Limited,
Trenant Estate, Wadebridge, Cornwall, PL27 6HD.
Telephone: (020881) 2031 Telex: 45451
Supplied complete
with batteries, test
leads. spare fuse and BASIC ELECTRONICS
instruction manual. by Grob Price: 19.00
COMMUNICATION CIRCUITS, READY, REF. MANUAL
by Markus Price: [10.60
ELECTRONIC PROJECTS, READY REF MANUAL
by Markus Price: [10.60
Full auto -ranging on both voltage and resistance POPULAR CIRCUITS READY REF. MANUAL
by Markus Price: E10.50
Current measurement up to 10A DC and AC ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
by Buchsbaum Price: [18.00
Unit and range automatically displayed DIGITAL INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS
by Taub
Auto polarity and auto zero INTRO. TO PASCAL 2ND EDITION
Price: E10.00
Only 5mW dissipation -200 hours continuous use by Welsh

MACHINE CODE AND BETTER BASIC
Price: 19.00
Zero adjust key to correct for test leads by Stewart

MICROPROCESSOR DEVELOPMENT & SYSTEMS
Price: £8.60
Audible continuity test function by Tsang Price. 117.00
MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM DESIGN VOL
Range hold function by Klangiman
II
Price:129.00
Audible over -range indication * PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE AND PACKING *
MODERN
THESpecialist BOOK CO.
in scientific and technical books
15/21 PRAED ST., LONDON W2 1NP
WEST HYDE
PHONE: 01-402 9176- Closed SATURDAY 1 p.m.
Please allow 14 days for reply or delivery
West Hyde Developments Limited

Unit 9, Park Street Industrial Estate
- - Ili ti
Aylesbury, Bucks HP20 1ET
mm
Please send me_SK-6110 Multimeters.
mu ti (i ti ti _
Telephone: (0296) 20441. Telex: 83570 W HYDE G
P.&R. COMPUTER SHOP
IBM GOLFBALL PRINTER 3982, £70 EACH + VAT
Ienclose à cheque/PO for £
Please debit my Access/Barclaycard Account No. NEW CENTRONIC 779 PRINTERS, £325 + VAT
NEW CENTRONIC 781 PRINTERS, £350 + VAT
LA DECK WRITERS MODS. 35, 36 & 180, FROM £325 +
VAT. ALL NEW
Signature. NEW CIFA VDUs. 1 ONLY £300 + VAT
POWER UNITS 5 VOLT 6 AMP, £20 EACH
Name: FANS, PCBs, KEYBOARDS AND LOTS OF ODDS & ENDS
Address COME AND LOOK AROUND
Credit card dr account customers may telephone orders.

J SALCOTT MILL, GOLDHANGER ROAD
HEYBRIDGE, ESSEX
PHONE MALDON (0621) 57440

THE QUAD FM4; SEVEN PRESET STATIONS; STORED AND RECALLED UNDER THE CONTROL OF A
DEDICATED MICROPROCESSOR, WITH A LEVEL OF AUDIO PERFORMANCE LIMITED ONLY BY THE QUALITY OF
THE INCOMING SIGNAL. DECEPTIVELY SIMPLE AND ORIGINAL, AS ONE WOULD EXPECT FROM QUAD.
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Simply write or phone for more information to
The Acoustical Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Huntingdon, Cambs. PE18 7DB. Telephone: (0480) 52561.
QUAD for the closest approach

to the original sound

TRANSISTORS
WATFORD ELECTRONICS AC125
AC128/7
36 BC182L
35 BC183L
10
10
F179
F180/2
F184/5
36
38
35
MPF103
MPF104
MPF106
20
30
30
11590/91
UC734
VK101
N
N
243011
2113063
243054
24
50
2145879
25' 2146027
2SA871
150
32
250
CARDIFF ROAD, WATFORD, HERTS, ENGLAND AC128 30 13C1841. 10 F194/5 12 MPF106 40 VN10KM 66 2143056 48 2SA716 00
AC141/2 30 Bc188n 20 F196/7 12 MPSAOS 26 VN46AF 70 243108 46 260495 70
MAIL
ORDER, CALLERS WELCOME. AC176 20 BC212 10 F198/9 10 MPSA08 VNS6AF
. N '2143252 40 25C/98 70
Tel. Watford
(0923140588/9. Telex: 8956095 AC187 32 BC212L 10 F200 300 MPSA12 VN88AF M 2N3302 30' 2601081 250
AC188 32 8C213 10 F224A 26 30. VN88AF N y 2143441/2 140 2601096 O6
ACY17/18 70 BC213L 10 r F2248 z, MPSA68 30 21X107/8 11 243614/5 198 2601162 30
15 S BRAND NEW, FULL SPEC. AND FULLY rUARANTEED. ORDERS DES- ACY19/20 76 BC214 10 F246 N MPSUO2 SI 21X109 12 243663 16'. 2601173 126
PATCHED BY RETURN OF POST. TERMS OF BUSINESS: CASWCHEQUE/ ACY21/22 75 13C2141. 10 14 MPSU06 66 2TX212 28. 2143702/3 10 2SC1308 100
P.O. OR BANKERS DRAFT WITH ORDER. GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATIONAL INSTI- ACY28 76 BC237/8 14 F2588 45 MPSUO6 66. 13 2143704/6 10 2601307 150
TUTIONS' OFFICIAL ORDERS ACCEPTED. TRADE AND EXPORT INQUIRY WELCOME. AD142
ACY39/41 66 8030713 14 F257/8 32 MPSU52 N. 21X301 10 2N3706/7 10 2501449 N
120 BC308 18 F259 N MPSU50 00' 21X302 243708/9 10, 2601678 140
P&P ADD 50p TO AU. CASH ORDERS. OVERSEAS ORDERS POSTAGE AT COST. AD149 79 BC327/8 15 F274 42 MPU131 N' 21X303 25 243710/11 10 2SC1679 190
AIR/SURFACE. ACCESS ORDERS WELCOME. A0161 42 BC337/8 16 F336/7 40 0026 170 2TX304 17' 2601923 60
AD162 42 BC441/81 34 F451 36 0028/36 220 2TX314 26- 2143771 179 2601945 225
no to a onlY. Uniras aM.wN..: AF115/6 eg BC477 40 F594/5 30 0036/41 2601963
VAT wSp
o.orde ee, of VAT. v.Wd15%Cu W e g
We stott thousands mon Items. It paye to Melt us. W. are Mtuated behind WMford -Football Ground. AF124/26
AF117/8 N BC516/7
70 C547/8
40
12
FR39/40
FR41/79
23
23
0042/44
0046/70
76 21X326
75 Z1X341
40 21X461
30, 2143772
30 2143773
23' 243819
1116
210
22'
2601957
2601969
00
90
140
Nome! Underground/BR Stetlon: Watford High Sheet AF139 40 BC649C 14 FR80/81 26 OC71n2 40 21X500 14 243820 14 2302028 N
Open Monday to Saturday Sem to epm. Ampi. Free Car Patting aviBabM. AF178 75 C550/7 15 FR98 106 0074/75 50 2TX501/2 16 2113822/3 45 CÓ29 210
È1O
EkitilhotYilC CAPACITORS: (Valus are in m'A SOON: IOyT 628; 47
7 _... _ --
AF188
p1% 0.47, 1.0, 1.5, 2.2, 3.3, AF239
70 C558/9
{
15 FX29 a 0076/77 50 2TX503 10 243824 N 2602078 170

4.7 Op; 10 10p; 15, 22, 1;
33 15p; 47128; 68 20p; 100, 1 220 25p; 1000 708; 220098p. 50V: 68 20p; ASZ21
í
50 CY30 N FX81 46 0081/82 50' ZTX604 25 24366 IO 2602091 N
125 CV34 86 FX84 2I 0083/84 40' ZTX831 2113870 150, 2602314 86
100 17p; 220 24p; 40V: 6.8 15p; 22 9p; 33 12p; 330, 470 328. 1000 4/p; 220090p; 26V: 1.6, 4.7, 10, 221 BC107 CY36 60 FX85/6 28 243903/4
10 OC170/71 50 2TX550 26, 15 2602165 148
47 8p; 100 11p; 150 128; 220, 15p; 330 238 470 25p; 680, 1000, 34p; 1500 428; 2200, 50p; 3300. 7ep; BC1078 CY39/40 86
12 FY18 50 00200 50, 2N6B7 23 243906/8 15 2502335 226
4700 68p; 16V: 47, 68, 100 98; 125, 12p; 330 lep; 470, 20p; 680 34p; 1000 27p; 1500, 31p; 2200 3ep; BC108 10 CY41/42 14 FY50/51 23 TIP29A 40' 243908
32 2N696 17 2602547 30
4700 799. BC1068 12 CV46 60 FY52 23 T1P29C 3. 2N699 48 244037 48 2602612 226
TAG-END CAPACITORS: 64V: 2200 131p; 33001908; 4700 246p; 50V: 22001109; 3300 1549; 40V: 4700 BC109 10 CV58/59 36 FY53 32 TIP30A 35 2N706A 19' 2144041 40 260234 74
180p; 25V: 2200 1109; 3300911p; 4030,470014p; 10,000 320p; 15,0003468; 19V: 22,000 3509. .61C10913 12 CY70/71 18 FV55/6
32 11P30C 37 2N708 19 244058 10 2SK45 so
BC109C 12 CY72 20 FY84 35 TIP31A 38 214918 244061/2 10 2SK288 226
N i26
{
BC114/5 22 CY78 24 FY81 120 TIP31B 2141131/2 2446' 244064 116 25J83
POLYESTER CAPACITORS: Ada/ Lad Type SIEMENS pet) 8C117/8 20 817112 126 FY90 N
11P31C s 2141302 2144069 46 2SJ85 226
400V: 1 nF, 1n6, 2n2, 3n3, 4n7, 6/7811p; 10n, ibn, 18n, 22n 1 33n, 47n, eon BC119 38 BD121 N BRY39 40 TIP32A 3/ 2141303 86 244220 78 '314128 112
00pp 268 7 52p; 690 19F Type Minhturs, BC137/9 40 B0124 116 55020 20 TIP32C 42 2141304/5 O0 2114234/6 48 314140 112
í00n p; í80n 2208 17p; 330n, 478n
110V; 10nF, 12n, 39n,)0pß 11 ; 6508.3Sp; poly. Capacitors BC140 30 80131/32 '45 BSX28/29 34 TIP33A e6 2N1306/7 N 2114264 24' 40097 120
1 pF 42p; 19.54e; 292 aap; 4µ7 lep, 8C142/3 30 80133 70 BSX78 46 T1P33C 75 2N1308 N 244288 16 40260 86
1000V: 1 nF 17p; 10nF 30p; 15n 409; 22n 389; 33n 424; 47n, 100n 428. 250V: BC147 9 8D135 45 86Y26 30 T1P34A 74 2N1613 30 2144289 1S 40311 N
Y7E +RADIALLEADCMAC7T0114:260V: . I£ED T11R0UGH
10n, 16n, 22n, 27n Sp; 33n, 47n, 68n, 100n 7p; 150n, 220n 10p;í CAPACRORS
1nF, 1n5, 2n2, 801478
3n3, 4n7, 6n8,
10n, 12n, 15n 7p,
BC148
8C1488
10
8
10
80136/37
BD138/39
80140
40 8SY96A
40 BU106
40 ,BU205
26 TIP34C
170 TiP35A
180 TIP36C
N
110
125
2141670
21416715
2142160
160
iN
236 244427
2144314
244400
78
1
40313
40316
O 0, 40318
130
N
es
330n, 470n 13p; 680n tlp; 1p 23p; 1µ540p; 2µ248p. 1000pF/450V 0p 18n, 22n, 27n, 33n 8C1/9 9 80144/46 196 BU208 200 TIP36A 130 2N2217 46 2114859 78 40317/20 50
39/7,470 8p BC149C 10 B0158 66 BU208 200 TIP36C 140 2N2218A 25 244871 es 40323 50
TANTALUM BEAD CAPACITORS POTEPTOMETERS: Rotary, Carbon, 39n, 56n /2p 8C153/4 27 BD205/6 110 BUY89C 226 TIP41A 60 2f42218A 28 2114898 136 40324 100
31V: 0.19F, 0-22, 0-33 16p; 0-47, 0-68. Trade 0.25W Log & in values. 82n, 100n 119 BC157/8 10 130222 N 8421 260 TIP41B 62 i2N2220A 20 2144901 175 40328/7 70
1-0, 1.6 1111p; 2.2, 3-3 708; 4.7, 6.8 228 50011, 1Kí1 & 2KO IUnear only)Gang Sinp_k, 100V: BC169 11 50246 46 MD0001 250 T1P42A Si 21422214 N 244921 56 40347 N
10 211.; 114. 2.2, 3.3 1Bp; 4.7, 6.8. 18 BD378 70 141480 50 "2N2222A 40348
le; 100n,120n 10p 13C160 46 14 TIP42B 26' 2114922 70 120
15, 311p; 22 30p; 3;i 47 40p; 100 61012M11 Single Gang Log & Lin. 70ipp
150n,180n 12p BC167A 10 80434 56 MJ491 175 TIPI 20 70 '2N2297 26 2N5135/ß 20 40380 80
768; 10V: 15, 22, 2ep; 33, 47 35p; 100 5931-21.10 Single Gang 0/P Switch 708 BC168C 10 BD517 75 MJ2955 70 11P121/2 2142303 46 2145138 18 40361/2 70
Np; SV: 100 426. 51(3)-2MO1 Double Gang Np 220n, 270n
330n,390n
15p
209 BC169C 10 BD896A
BD896A
125 MJE170
125 MJE180 1
150 T1P141/2 106 2N2388 N 2145172 it 40407/8 76
c5ó 660n 249 BC170 16 TIP147 120 2N2369A 18 2145179 46 40411 205
180 MJE340
1
,,
MYLAJI AIM CAPACITORS SUOMI POTBQIIOMETEAB BC171/2 11 BDY66 11P2956 80 12N2476 60 2145180 46 40412 50
100V: 1 nF. 2, 4, 4nF, 10 5p; 15nF, 22n, 0-25W log and linear values 60mm 349 BC173 11r BDV60 180 MJE370 100 TIP3066 2N2483/4 n 2145190/1 78 404674
30n, 40n, 47n 7p; 58n, 100n, 200n Ip; 51C11-60«11 single gang
F
2µµG2 lop BC177/8 1f BF115 36 MJE371 100 11S43 º, 2142546 46 2145194 IO 40488
10931--5001 7 dual 110p 8C179 20 BF154/8 26 MJE520 N T1S44/5 46 2142848 N 2N5306/B 30 40694 105
50V: 470nf 129.
Self Stick Graduated
g 40p
T ordere
8C181
BC182/3
20
10
BF167
BF173
26 MJE521
27 MJE2955
TIS46
T1S48
N
N
tl
50
2142904/5
2N2906n
20
20
2145467/8
2145459
30
30
40803
40636
110
176
CERAMIC CAPACITORS 60V: BC184 10 BF177 26 MJE3055 70 T1S59/74 50 2N2907A 2145485 40673 76
Rang.: 0-5pF to 10nF 4p. 15nF; 22nF;
33nF; 47nF 6p. 100nF/30V 7p. PRESET POTENTIOMETERS
0.1W 5031-5W) Miniature
phothrough,
we dou
BF178 30 MPF102 40 716884 50 2142928G mai 2145777 N
14
40871/2 N
200nF/6V 0o Vertical & Horizontal 7p the rast MC1596 TCA965 120 433 22 74174 54 5157 260
ICM7215 1050 226
POLYSTYRENE CAPACITORS:
0-25W 1000--3-3Mf)horiz. larger 108
0-25W 20011-4-7MR vert. 108
ICM7216AJ MC1848 290 TDA1004 2N 7437 a 74176
74176
66
40
S168
5188
210
210
X8OACTC 200 1960 MC1709G 14 TDA1008 310 7438 22
10pF to 1 nF Bp; 1.5/7F to 12nF 109 2808 875 ICM7218B MC3302 N TDA1010 114 7440 17 74177 46 6189 154
Z80DART 455 1950 MC3340P 120 TDA1022 414 7441 N 74178 N 5194 320
SILVER MICA (Values in pF) 2, 3-3, 4.7, COMPUTER 8214 425 Z80ADART650 ICM7216C MC3380P 120 TDA1024 115 7442 32 74179 N S195 715
6.8, 8.2, 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 27, 33, 39, ICa 8215 300 Z80DMA 875 1950 MC3401 86 TDA1034 350 7443 N 74180 40 S201 320
47, 50,58, 68, 75. 82, 85, 100, 120, 150, 1702 360 8218 100 Z80DART 886 1CM7217A 790 MC3403 75 TDA1490 325 7444 N 74181 116 S226 510
180pF 168 each; 1802CP 060 8224 110 Z80P10 200 1CM7224 785 MC3405 150 TDA2002 326 7445 N 74182 N S241 390
200, 220, 250, 270, 300, 330, 360. 390, 2102-2 100 8226 260 Z804P10 275 ICM7240 300 MC3423 150 TDA2004 415 7448 00 74184 N S251 70
470, 800, 800, 8202/p each 2114 450n N 8228 220 2805101 560 1CM7556 80 MC4016 00 TDA2020 320 7447 40 74185 N S257 260
2114L -300n N 270 Z80AS10 140 1CM7556 150 MFC8040 76 TDA2030 296 7448 46 74186 470 S282 NO
1000,1200, 1800, 2200 309 each 8243 S287 300
3300,47000F Sop each 21141-200n N 8250 860 2808 411 I AY1ri0 250 MK50398
M1924
636 7080701
TL170
420
60
7450
7451
74188
74190
26o
N S289 210
2147 426 82514 260 LA4031P 340 276 16
2632-450n 350 400 LA4032 2I6 MSM5526 020 TL061CP 40 7453 16 74191 a6 6289 115
8253
URE UNEAR LÁ4400 440 NE515 275 TL062CP N 7454 u 74192 45 5301 350
-0p pF 22p;
2-26pF, 5-80pF 30p;
2564
2708
812
226
8255
8266
225
436 ICs LC7120 300 NE529 226 TLo64CN 14 7480 16
N
74193 50
40
5412
S470
200
3Z6
2716-5V 216 8257 400 686CMOS N LC7130 340 NE631
NE534
140
150
TL071CP
TL072CP
24
45
7470
7472 24
74194
74196 40 S471 820
2732-450n 360 8259 396 702 75 LC7137 396
RESISTORS - Carbon Film High Stabdiry. 5% 2784 ºa 8271 70914pin 40 LF347 150 NE543K 226 TLO74CN
TL081CP
100
24
7473
7474
2e
20
74196
74197
46
40
5472
S475
1150
8m
Miniature. 3242 660 6279 385 709C8pin 35 LF351 44 NE544 210
RANGE VAL 1-99 100+ 4816-100nS 8284 350 LF353 14 NE555 16 TL082CP 46 7475 is 74198 N $671 820
Á4W 202-4M7 E24 2p 1p 225 8288 410
710
741 8 pin
4e
14 LF355 N NE556 46 TL083CP 76 7476 a 74199 84
MN 2112-4M7 812 2p 1p 4027 110 8P83048N 250 747C14pin 66 LF356 N NE560 325 TLo84CN N 7480 44 74221 64
120
74LS
1W 2112-4M7 E12 49 4116-160n N 8T26A N 7480 8 Pm 36 LF367 110 NE561 314 TL091CP 66 7481 120 74248 LSOO 11
2%Metal Film E24 S
Sp 449 4116-200n N 8127 150 7538pm 186 LF398 475 NE662B 410 UA2240 120 7482 N 74247 120
120
1501 11
1% Metal Film E24 Bp Sp 4118-250 326 8T28A 120 LM10 326 NE564 420 UA78540 230 7483 14 74248 LSO2 11
810 159
4164-200n 500 8731 360 LM301A0 24 1465654 120 UAA170 170. 7484 70 74249 120 LSO3 12
94000J 350
N
4334-3-CMOS 8T95N N AV -1-1320 225 LM307 NE568 150 UAA150 170 7485 N 74251 LSO4 12
RESISTORS Network S.I.L. N 7486 20 74259 150
7 Commoned: 8 pins) 1000, 680(3, 1K 2k2, 417,
2114-3 326 8T97N 90 AV -1-5050 N LM308T NE567V 140 UAA1003/3536
ULN2003 N 7489 170 74266 50
LS05 13
4816100nS 9384AP 560 AV -1-5051 150 LM311 70 NE570 410 LSOB 12
10K, 47K, 100K 25p. 225 2 AV -1-6720 210 LM318N 150 NE571 400 ULN2004 N 7490 20 74273 150
8 Commoned: 9 pins) 1500, 180(1, 2700, 3300, 4864-3 84k 500 Ah128L531 AV -3-1270 730 LM319 216 NE5534A 150 ULN2283 100 7491 36 74276 120 LsOo 17
1K, 2k2, 4K7, 10K, 22K, 47K, 100K 28p. 6101-450 220 125 LM324A 0M335 750 UPC575 350 7492 24 74278 100 LS11 13
AV3-1350 350 30
74279 50
8116-150nS AM26LS32A AV -3-8910 370 LM334Z N RC41360 69 UPC1025H 376 7493 26
74283 50
LS12 13
390 125 Booklet for AY- LM3352 121 S5668 225 UPC1182 330 7494 35 LS13 20
DIODES BRIDGE 74284
AA119
AA129
AAV30
BA100
15
20
16
16
RECTIFIERS
1A/50V
1Á/100V
1Á/400V
18
20
26
N "'1
6116L-120nS
8502CPU
8603
650
6117-100n 490
325
NO
AY -3-1015
AV -5-1350
AV -5-2376
COM8017
COM8116
300
314
500
276
700
3-890 150
AV -3-8912 826
AY -5-1230 460
AV -5-1317*
680
LM339
LM348
LM349
LM35B
LM377
47
6a
115
SO
175
SAB3209
SA83210
SA83271
SAB4209
SG3402 296
425
325
485
696
UPC1156H
UPC1366
XR2206
XR2207
XR2211
214
196
300
375
875
7496
7496
7497
74100
74104
36
36
N
N
50
74285
74290
74293
74297
156
150
106
N
236
LS14
LS15
LS20
L521
LS22
26
13
13
13
13
BAX13 20 6504-250 660 DM8131 276 LM379 480 SL490 350 XR2216 87s 74105 50 74298 100 LS26 14
BV100 24 1A/600V 34 AY -5-1360 314
6505 SN SN76003N 350 XR2266 380 74107 20 74351 116 LS27 13
BY126 12 2Á/50V 30 75 SERIES DS3691N 320 AY -5-3500 350 LM380 75
24414 N 74109 25 74385 14 14
2Á/200V 40 75107/8 14 6520PIA 100 D588LS120N AY -5-4007D LM381N 146 SN76013 350 LS28
BV127 12 190 74110 as 74366 30 LS30
CR033 250 2Á/400V N 75110 50 6521 100 275 520 LM382 115 SN76018 145 ZN419E
135 74111 se 74367 30
13
2Á/600V Si 75114/5 150 6522V1A 300 FD1771 816 AV -5-8100 775 LM384 140 SN76023N 350 ZN423E LS32 13
0A9 40
6Á/100V 83 75121/2 130 6530 E11 FD1791 822 CA3011 130 LM388 14 SN76023ND 211424E 130 74112 170 74368 N LS33 15
0447 12
6Á/400V N 75150 125 6532RRIOT 670 FD1793 423 CA3012 175 LM387 120 240 ZN425E 345 74116 N 74390 75 LS37 16
0A70 12
64/600V 126 75154 180 6545RTC 008 FD1795 828 CA3014 275 LM389 96 SN76033N 350 214426E 300 74118 N 74393 N LS38 16
0479 15
104/200V 215 75182/3 N 6551ACIA 850 FD1797 E26 CA3018 14 LM393 100 SN76115N 215 ZN427E 000 74119 SO 74490 /6 LS40 13
0481 20
104/600V 214 75188/9 N 6592PC E20 HD28501 75 CA3019 80 LM725CN 325 SN76131 125 ZN428E 410 74120 N LS42 28
0485 1
6800 226 IM8402 380 LM733 70 SN78227N N ZN429E 210 74121 26 74C LS47 36
25A/200V 240 75322 140 CA3020 210
0490
25A/600V 395 75324 350 6802 250 14580804 1050 CA3023 210 LM1458 46 SN76477 420 ZN459 570 74122 N 74C244 114 LS48 45
OÁ91
0496 BV164 50 75361/3 150 8803 850 INS8154N E9 CA3028A N LM1871 325 SN76488 480 ZN1034E 200
676
74123
74125
36 740245
N 740373
114 LS49 50
14
VM18OIL 50 75385 150 6804 150 MC1488 55 CA3035 255 LM2917 195 SN76660 120 ZN1040E 240 LS51
04200 ZN 74126 a6
04.202 75450 N 6806
6808
670
520
MC1489 55 CA3036 270 LM301 24 SP8629
TA7204 200
ZNA234E 850
74128 N 740374 246 LS64
LS55
14
14
75461/2 62 MC14411 090 CA3043 276 LM307 45 740922 420
1N914
N 6809 630 MC14412 790 ra104s 385 LM3302 75 147205 90 TTL 74 74132 30 LS63 120
1N916 75454
75491/2 N 6810 116 MC3448 250 CA3046 70 LM3900 60 7A72054 225 7400 11 74136 2 74L L573 18
1N4001/2 ZENERS 6820 100 MC3447P 315 CA3048 220 LM3909N 80 TA7210 150 7401 11 74141 50 LS74 15
1N4003 Range: 2V7 to TA7222 150 7402 74142 175, 74100 14 LS75 20
6821 100 MK3886-2M E7 CA3059 284 LM391t 125 11
741_04 N
1N4004/5 39V 400mW 6840 375 MM1702A 300 LM3914 250 747310 1N 7403 12 74,43 210 LS76 18
CA3075 213 74130 ó0
1N4008/7 Speech SCR 6843 612 MM52800 096 LM3915 TAA821AX1 7404 13 74144 210 1578 18
1144148 Range: 3to
CA30B0E 70 250
2N 74146 50 741_47 no
1N5401 1 33V. 1.3W
3
Thyristors 6845
6846
886
886
MM5303 836
MM5307 1276
CA3081 190 LM3916
LM13800
260
110 TAA661A 190
7405
7406
15
20 74147 75 74175 146
LS83
LS85
35
42
5A/40V 32 CA3086 48 74185 349
1N5404 1 15p each
5Á400V 40 6847 650 MM5387A 475 CA3089E 216 LS7220 210 744700 275 7407 20 74148 N 741121 185
LS86 19
íN5606 1
6850 110 MM58174 770 M252AA 625 TAA900 396 7408 14 74150 50 LS90 20
5Á600V 48 CA3090A0 376 741123 325
1N5408 1
8Á300V 50 6852 250 MM74C922 CA3123E 186 M253AA 1150 TA0100 159 7409 14 74151 40 LS91 N
1544 70 7410 14 74163 40 LS92 32
15921 8Á600V N 6854 599 420 CA3130 90 M51513L 230 11341206
TBA5400 275 7411 16 74154 N 74S LS93 20
12Á100V 71 6875 600 RO -3-2513 NO CA3140 40 M51515L 320
6Á/100V 40 TRIACS 12Á400V N 68000 E70 RO -3-25131 CA3160 96 M51516L 475 TBA5500 330 7412 18 74155 40 74500 L595 40
6Á/400V 50 3A200V 54
12Á800V 188 740922 420 700 CA3161 160 MB3712 220 TBA641BX 7413 18 74156 40 SO2 LS96 N
6A/300V sa 3A400V 66
87106 160 80804 250 RO-3-2513U CA3162E 450 MB3756 440 or BX11 290 7414 24 74157 N S03 LS 107 40
8A100V 50
BT118 180 80854 350 850 CA3189 200 MC1204 250 TBA651 190 7416 20 74159 N SO4 LS109 29
NOISE 8A400V 69
C1060 31 8118-10 250 SFF96364E NO HA1338W 240 MC1301 79 TBA800 80 7417 20 74160 N LS112 2e
BA800V 116 8123 TMS2716-3V MC1303 14 TBA910 86 7420 15 74161 N s0O58 LS113 22
Diode 12A100V 78 TIC44
24
8155
125
360 725
HA1388
CL7106
258
750 MC1304P 260 TBA820 80 7421 20 74182 40 LS114 22
29
15J 196p 12A400V 82
T1C45
8156 350 TMS6011 385 CL7107 975 MC1310P 150 TBA9200 200 7422 20 74163 40 sú LS122 26
12A800V 135 í'1C47 35
81LS95 N TMS9928 30 CL7611 N MC1445 250 TBA960 300 7423 20 74164 4e S74 L5123 36
VARICAPS 164100V 103 2N5062 32
81LS96 N ULN2003 90 CL7660 190 MC145106 895 TBA9900 350 7425 18 74165 A S85 LS124 90
BÁ102 50 16A400V 106 2N6064 38
81LS97 N UPD7002 440 CL8038CC 300 MC1458 35 TBA540 275 7426 18 74166 48 S112 LS125 24
220 2N4444
130
681058 40 16A800V 81LS98 N 280CPU 2.5 CL8211A 150 MC1469 300 TCA220 350 7427 18 74167 150 S114 L5126 25
65106 40 254500V 220 8202 825 299 CM7205A MC1494 494 TCA2700 350 7428 ïe 74170 125 S132 LS132 36
881096 46 25A800V 295 DIAC 8205 225 ZBOACPU 4 300 1150 MC1495 350 TCA280A 220 7430 74172 250 S133 LS133 30
`61VAM2 165 T2800D 120 ST2 25 8212 110 Z8OCTC 250 CM7207 475 MC1496L 70 TCA940 17s 7432 74173 N 5138 LS136 24

OIL SWITCHES VEROSOAR0 0.1 in FERRIC CHLORIDE IDC CONNECTORS 3.278M 164 RELAYS
SWITCHES lb bag Anhydrous M
TOGGLE 2A 250V (SPST)4 -way 709; 6-way 86p; clad plain 1
PC8 Plugs 3.5794M Miniature enclosed PCB mount
8 -way 549; 10 -way 146p. 2 t2-3174 80p - 1849 - 50p P&P 3.68MM 300 Our RU3 series
lip-
with latch Female PCB
DPDT 444p (SPOT) 4 -way 160p. 23» -5 Pins Pins Header Pins 4.0Miz 156 S.P.C.O.
ROTARY BW/TC11ES 4-351 2 Rows Sot Angled Plug Angled 4.032MHz tse RL6 91.1700 coil 7V5 to 12V DC;
3S'4-6 106p Sip roblock 4859 ISp 4.80MHz 208 2109
SUB MSN TOGGLE (Adjustable Stop type) 4859 10 way OOp 909 415p 380V/64 AC; 1300VA/50W
1 pole/2 to 12 way; 2p/2 to 6 way; 34-17 70M 232p SDec way 1309 1009 110p 78p 4.194304M 200 D.P.C.O.
SPST on/off 649 Eurobreadboard 620p
16
108
SPOT c/over 60p 3 pole/2 to 4 way; 4p/2 to 3 way 46p 17 470p 20 way 146p 188p 126p sop 4.433819M 430 coil 4V2/7V DC; 250V AC; SA;
Pkt of 100 pins 50p Simboard 1 575p 1759 2009 160p /109 5.0MHz 188 1100VA/150W 2109
SPOT centre off 669 ROTARY: Mains DP 250V 4 Amp 26 way
Spot face coffer 1369 Superstrip SS2 13609 34 way 205p 2369 109p 135p 5.185MHz 308 RL6.111 1700 coil 8V/14V; 250V AC
SPOT biased bothvva on/ott 56p
O
Pin insertion tool 174 40 way 220p 250p 1909 160p 5.24288M 318 SA
DPCT 6tags 176p ROTARY: (Malt -a -switch) VO Board 180p DALO ETCH 50 way 2369 Z 0p 204 175p 8.0MHz 149 RL6 114 7400 coil 17V5/29V; 250
DPDT centre off 88p Make a multi -way switch. Shafting as- DIP Board 350p RESIST PEN 60 way 234 2209 6.144MHz 150 M AC 222p
DPDT biased both sembly hes adjustable stop. Accom- Vero Strip 3749 Plus Spare Tip Np 8.5536MHz 225
modates up to 6 wafers. EURO CONNECTORS 7.0MHz 150 A66PIIENOL PLUGS
ways
DPDT 3 position
146p
(max 6 pole/12 way - DP switch) VERO mono Female Socket Male Plug 7.168MHz 350 IEEE 24 way 650p
on/on/on 186p Mechanism only 110p PEN - Spool 340p ULTRASONIC
Slit Angle Strt Angle 7.B8MHz 200 Centronics Parallel 38 way solder
Spare Spool TRANSDUCER 8.0MHz 150
3 -pole 2 way 205p WAFERS: (make before break) to fit 9 Pins Pins Pins Pine
14 Combe 8p 40kHz 325 8.0B333M 305

the above switch mechanism 01641617 Centronic Parallel 36 way IDC 60p
250V 1 pole/12 way; 2 pole/6 way; 3 pole/4
COPPER CLAD BOARDS
31 way 179p - 175p 8.88723M 175
150
way; 4 pole/3 way; 8p/2 way 9.00MHz
DPDT 14c/off
149
16p Maine DP 4A Switch to frt
86p
46p Fibre Single Double S.R.B.P.
01641512
2x32A+B 2569 3259 224 214 10.OMHz 171 BURS: miniature, solid-state
glaze sided tided 96-86 10.24MHz 200 6V. 9V & 12V 709
OPOT 124 13p Spacers 4p. Screen Sp. 01641512
5-6 110p 1109 1114 10.7 15e
ROCKER: 54/250V SPST 2ßp 6-12 150p 1959
2x32 A+C 314 294 244 384 12AMHz 176
PUSHBUTTON SA DIN Ill23x32 LOUDáPEM0ERR8
with 10mm Button
94
ROCKER: 10A/250V SPOT lap A+B+C 314 364 Me 48 12.528M 300 Miniature 0.3W 80
SPDT latching ROCKER: 104/250V DPDTc/off 96p
DIL SOCKETS EDGE 1431814M 170 2in, 3 Nin, 2 Rin, 3in Pp
DPDT latching 146p ROCKER: 104/250V DPST with neon 18 OMHz 200 21/2in 400, 6411 or 800 IIOp
SPOT moment lep 116p
Low Wire CONNECTORS eif1CU Suldet dira) RIBBON CABLE
18.0MHz 180
Prof Wrap .1 .156 Solder IOC price per foot 150
°PDT moment 145p 2x15 way - Np 18.432M
THUMBWHEEL: Mini front mounting 8 pin 25p 140p 4 pin 40p
20.0MHz 200 ASTEC UHF MODULATORS
Locking Decade Switch Module ZZOp 14 pin 10p 35p 2x18 way 180p 1469 6 pin Np 1059 Grey Colour
19.988MHz 150 Standard 6MHz 2114
Push to Make 159 B.C.D. Switch Module 2769 16 pin 42p 2x22wey 199p 200p 24 pin 84 1769 way 12p 22p
10
oL
Push to Break 25p Mounting Cheeks (per pair) 76p 18 pin

20 pin
16p
20p
52p 2x23 way 190p
2x25way 2259
-
220p
40 pin 250p 2569 16 way
20 we 26p 40p
32p le 24.0MHz
24.930MHz
170
325
Widebend 8MHz 425p
150
22 pin 22p 06p 2x28 way 210p - ZW OIL 24o.ay áßp 509 26.69M
170 'WEMON' New Version
JUMPER LEADS (Ribbon Cable Assembly) 24 pin 2x30way 246p - SOCKETS 34 way 469 6ßp
27.648M
ETI Length 14 n 18 pin 24 pin 40 pin 28 pin 21p lop 2x36way 2969 - 24 pin 571p 40 way 569 769 27.146M 100 WATFORD'S
PROJECTS Single ended DI (Header Pluyy(Jumper 40 pin 309 s9p 2x4oway 3169 - 28 pin 820p 50 way 559 90p 38.6ß687M 175
170 Ultimate Monitor IC
We stock
most of
24 inches 1459 1569 24ap 3609 2x43rosy 3ß6p - 40 pin 975p 54 way 869110p
48.0MHz
100.0MHz 215 A 4K Monitor chip specially de-
Doublesended DIP (Header259 um44 5p 2x75way 6609 - signed to produce the test from
the parts 6 inches t 300p ¡D CONNECTORS: Miniature 116.0MHz 250
your Super board Series I & II. En-
12 inches 1159 216p 3159 4509 way 25 way 37 way
9 way 15 hanced Super board & UK101. As
24 inches 2109 2369
346p 540p reviewed by Dr A. A. Berk in Practi-
36 inches 2309 250p
376p 5969 ANTEX SOLDERING Solderoon Solder lugs 809 110p 1009 250p
Pins cal Electronics. June 1981.
Jumper Leads 24"
IDC Header Socket IRON Angle pins 1009 2109 250p 3559 Only E10 - 50o P&P
26 pin 34 pin 40 pin
20 pin C-15W 450p CX17W 475p 100 pins W/wrap pins 120p 1309 195p 2969
705
Single ended
Double ended
1ß0p 200p 250p 300p
»Op 370p 4609 526p
CCN -15W 496p CX25W
Spare tips, assorted sizes
600p
85p 5ns Solder ups 1109 1809 2109 350p BBC MICRO
Spare Elements 2109 Angled pins 1859 2159 290p 440p
Iron stand with sponge 186p W/wrap pins 1509 180p 240p 4209 UPGRADE
PIEZO TRANSDl10ERs Covers 159 1169 Pp 110p (Our BBC Micro Upgrade Kits
P82720 559 PANEL will save you Cs s s ...1
25 way D' CONNECTOR
VOLTAGE REGULATORS CA3083 Jumper Lead Cable Assembly METERS 16K Memory (8x4816AP) £18
4 r1ANSFORMERS: Prim. 240V -i-ve LM300H 1769 Printer User I/O Port Kit £8.20
18" long, Single end, Male 4959 F80
3-0-3V; 6-0-6V; 9-0-9V; 12-0-12V 100mA 9ßp -ve 174
1 SK10 with 36" Cable
14 103 Metal case LM304H 18" long, Single end, Female 625p 60x46x35mm £2
pcb mounting Miniature Split Bobbin 5V 05
79912 220p LM305H 36" long, Double ended, M/M 10269 0.50µA Complete Printer Cable 36"
3VA: 2x 6V -0.25A; 2x 9V-0.154; 2x 12V- 12V 7812 146p 2209 LM309K 36" long, Double ended, F/F 0.10opA £12
0.12A;2x15V-0.1A 2009 15V 7815 145p 7915 220p LM317K 3209 38" long, Double ended, M/F 0.500µA
IVA: 2x6V-0.54; 2x 9V-0.34; 2x12V-0.25A; 18V 7818 1459 LM317KP Ilep 0.1mA SK9 with 36" Cable £3
2 x 15V-0.24 2709 LM317H 280p Disc Interface Kit £41
Standard Split Bobbin type
SVA: 2x6V-0.54; 2x 9V-0.44; 2x 12V-0.34;
2,415V -0.25A 220p
14
5V
12V
TO220 Plastic
7805
7812
409
40p
7906
7908
LM323K
LM325N
LM326N 2409
500p244
* SPECIAL OFFER *
TEX EPROM ERASER
0.5mÁ
0.10mÁ
0.50mA
Analogue I/O Kit
Serial I/O Kit
£6.75
£7.50
fIOP
Only 629.86 0.100mA Expansion Bus Kit £8.50
12VA: 2x4.5V-1.3A; 2x 6V-14; 2x9V-0.54; 15V 7815 alp 7912 LM337 175p 0.500mA
2x 12V-0.54; 2 x 15V -0.4A; 2x 20V -0.3A 16V 7818 40p 7915 469 LM723 35p 0.1A SK11 with Cable 36" £3
296p (35P p&p) 24V 7824 409 7918 469 TAA550 50p CRYSTALS 0.2A SK12 with Cable 36" £3.75
24VA: 2x8V-1.54; 2x9V-1.2A; 2x12V-1A 7924 46p TBA6258 75p 32.768kHz 100 1.28MHz 392 0.25V Complete Upgrade Kit from
2x15V-0.84; 2x20V-0.64 330p (80p p&p) TDA1412 150p
10OrA 1092 Plastic 78H05 +5V/54 550p
100kHz 235 1.6MHz 395 0.50V AC Model A to Model B £45
SOVA: 2x8V-4A; 2x9V-2.5A; 2x 12V-24; 200kHz 266 1.8MHz 396 0.300V AC Range of Connectors &
2x15V-1.5A; 2x 20V-1.24; 2x 30V-0.84 casing 78H12 +12V/54 455kH 370 1.8432M 200
496p(e0P pep) 5V 78L05 30p 79L05 se 1MHz 275 2.0MHz 22s
Cables available. Send SAE
100VA: 2x12V-4A; 2x 15V-3A; 2x20V-22.554 6V 78162 30p 78HG +5V5po 1.008M 275 2.4576M 200 415p each for list.
2x25V-2A; 2x30V-1.54; 2x50V-1A !Sp 8V 78182 30p -25V/54 599p
(75p p&p charge to be added over and above 12V 78L12 30p 79112 Sop 79HG 2.25V to
our normal portal charge). 15V 78L15 309 79L15 84 24V5A 6859 COMPUTER CORNER
EPSON MX8OT Printer 10" Tractor Feed. 9x9 matrix, 80 co-
LS138 26 LS327 240 4037 115 4500 875 40106 40 T1L32 Infra Red 58 7 Segment LCD 31R Digits lum1, speed 80 cps, bi-directional, Centronics interface, Baud
LS 139 32 LS347 15 4038 110 4501 2s 40107 e0 T1178 Detector 80 Dleplays 496 rate 110-9600 (RS232) FREE 500 sheet paper £249
LS145 70 LS348 4039 250 4502 e9 T1L38 46 LCD 4Digits 530
90
4503 40
40108 450
111100 eo
111..3077 575
LCD 6 Digits 826
EPSON MXSOFT/3 Printer Tracto' & Friction feed. Has high
LS147 1001 LS352 52 4040 40 40109 100 1113123"CA 106
LS148 70 LS353 12 4041 40 4504 78 40110 300 BARGRAPH Red 1113133"CC 105 resolution bit image graphics. Subscript & Superscript, Italics
& Underlining facility plus all the MXBOT's features £324
LS151
LS153
LS155
40
40
36
LS362
LS363
LS364
750
150
150
4042
4043
4044
40
40
40
4505
4506
4507
185
36
36
40114
40161
40163
240
194
155
10 segments 225 11L321 5" CA 115
T1L322 5" CC 115
DL704 3" CC 99
Ri
Rectangular,
Red, Amber,
nut
MX100 132 Column plus all the features of MX8OFT/3. Value
for money .
£425
LS156 38 LS365 30 4045 105 4508 130 40174 66 DL707 3" CA 99 Green 30
NEC PC8023BE/C Printer, 100 cps, bi-directional, logic
LS157 27 LS366 32 4048 46 4510 4e 40175 75 ISOLATORS FND357 Red 120 REFLECTIVE Opti-
LS158 30 LS367 30 4047 40 4511 46 40181 220 11.74 56 F60503 115 cal seeking, 80 column, 7x9 Dot mat -ix head, true descenders on
LS160 32 LS368 35 4048 40 4512 50 40182 90 111)74 99 3" Green CA 150 Switch type lower case. Superscript & Subscript and underlining. Propor-
LS161 35 LS373 46 4049 26 4513 199 40192 s0 1074 186 6" Green CA 215 711139 170 tional spacing. Single sheet Tractor or Friction feed. Hi -Fes &
LS162 35 LS374 65 4050 26 4514 115 40193 el TIL111/2/4 90 3"±1 Red CA 150 SLOTTED Optical block graphics. At a special introductory offer price of
LS163 35 LS375 50 4051 45 4515 116 40194 s0 711117 125 3"x 1 Green CA Switch similar to Only £295
LS164 40 LS377 86 4052 M 4516 se 40195 72 4633 Photo 150 RS
LS165 50 LS378 80 4053 50 4517 275 40244 196 Darlington 136 DVM 176 1885 Comps 188 SEIKOSHA GP100A Uni -hammer Printer, gives normal and
LS166 06 LS379 110 4054 M 4518 40 40245 196 double width characters as well as dot resolution graphics.
LS168 M LS384 395 4055 ö 4519 30 40257 196
WATFORD'S BOOKSHOP CORNER 10" Tractor feed. Parallel Interface Standard. FREE 500 sheet
LS170 71 LS385 250 4056 e6 4520 50 40373 240 pa er £175
LS173 65 15390 50 4057 1916 4521 110 40374 245 6502 Assembly Lang. Programming 1250
VIDEO MONITOR 9", B&W. Attractively cased. Fully guar-
L5174 60 LS393 46 4059 435 4522 125 6502 Assembly Lang. Subroutine 1200 £69
LS175 45 LS395 125 4060 45 4526 70 anteed. Value for money at
6502 Software Design 950
LS181 90 LS399 150 4061 1195 4527 M OPTO SOFTY-2. As reviewed in PE Sept. '81 by Dr A. A. Berk The
LS183 180 LS445 100 4062 995 4528 70 LS400C 256
Programming & Interfacing 6502 1240
complete microprocessor development system for Engineers
6809 Assembly Lang. Programming 1350
LS190 46 LS471 S20 4063 85 4529 150 OCP71 120
68K Assembly Lang. Programming 1290 and beginners alike. New powerful instructions. Accepts any
LS191 46 LS490 200 4066 24 4530 e0 ORP12 M 24 pin 5V single rail EPROM. Supplied fully built, tested.
LS192 46 LS541 120. 4067 246 4531 130 ORP61 85 8080 Z80 Assembly Lang. Techniques 850
LS193 46 15640 100 4068 4532 70 2N5777 45 Enclosed in a black ABS case. Plug-in power supply in-
14 Apple II User's Guide 1250
cluded+Free 2532 £169
LS194 35. 15641 100 4069 10 4534 465 BPX25 196 Apple Machine Language 1090
LS195 35 L5645 180 4070 13 4536 275 BPW21 296
390 TEX EPROM ERASER. Erases up to 32 ICs in 15-30 minutes
LS196 46 LS668 125 4071 13 4538 90 BPX65 270 Illustrating Basic £33
LS197 46 LS669 120 4072 13 4539 A Bit of Basic 590
110
1200 TEX EPROM ERASER with a safety switch £35
LS200 27S LS670 100 4073 15 4541 140 Basic Concepts (2nd Ed.)
LS202 275 LS673 560 4075 13 4643 80 Basic Programs for Sci. Eng. 1220 TEX EPROM ERASER plus our Solid State ELECTRONIC
LS221 56 4076 s0 4544 150 TIMER £44
LS240 06 CMOS OPTO ELEC- Basic Programming on BBC Micro 690
ELECTRONIC TIMER. Solid state, 15-30min. Connects directly
4077 13 4548 40
LS241 85 4000 10 4078 15 4549 375 TRONICS 30 -hour BASIC BBC Computer 550
tc above Erasers. Protects your expensive Chips from
LS242 06 4001 10 4081 13 4553 246 LEDs with Clips Practical Programs BBC & Atom 690
overcooking. Our timer pays for itself in no time £15
LS243 86 4002 12 4082 13 4554 190 TIL209 Red 10 Osborne CP/M User Guide 1200
SPARE 'UV Lamb bulb £8
LS244 56 4006 50 4085 50 4555 35 TIL211 Green 14 Using CP/M Self Teaching Guide 900
LS245 70 4007 14 4086 M 4556 30 T0212 Yellow 14
Intro to Pascal 2nd edition 1040 5V/5A Power Supply. Ready -built & tested £25
LS247 50 4008 32 4089 126 4557 320 111220.2" Red 12 MULTIRAIL POWER SUPPLY. Especially designed for Micros.
Pascal from Basic 790
LS248 56 4009 24 4093 20 4558 120 .2" Green, Yellow Tested output: +5V/5A; +12V; +25V; -12V of 1A £37
LS249 55 4010 24 or Z80 Assam. Lang. Programming 1250
4094 70 4559 396 ABS CASE. Attractive, beige/brown for Superboard, UK101
15251 30 4011 10 4095 85 4560 160 Amber 14 Z80 Assam. lang. Program. Student 570
AASCOM or Home brew (please state) £28
15253 36 4012 18 4096 70 4561 104 0.2" Bicolour Z80 User's Manual 1250
LS257 30 4013 20 4097 290 4562 495 Red/Green 65
ZX81 Basic Book 600 STACK PAK. Unique stackable twin drawer racking system
LS258 35 4014 4098 76 4566 186 Green/Yellow 78
Mastering Machine Code ZX81 750 for storing cassettes. 5 drawers (10 sections) including labels
L5259 51 4015 40 4099 110 4568 260 0.2" Tricolour and 10xC12 Computer grade cassettes 550p
LS260 22 4016 20 4160 4569 175 Red/Green/Yel- Explorer's Guide to ZX81 550
95 C12 CASSETTES in library cases 40p
LS261 100 4017 32 4161 99 4572 30 low e6 Byteing Deeper Into yr ZX81 640
61/2" Fan Fold paper (1000 sheets) £7
LS266 20 4018 46 4162 99 4580 480 Hi -Brightness Peek Poke Byte & RAM (ZX81 1K) 500
LS273 M 4019 25 4163 99 4581 250 Red SI 91/2" Fan Fold paper (1000 sheets) £7
LS275 125 4020 42 4174 Flashing Red Sinclair ZX81 Prog. Real Applic. 790
1S279 30 4021 40 4175
99 4582 es
0.2" Red 65 Texas TTL Data Book (revised edition) 935 N.B. Our printer prices include FREE 500 Sheets of Paper
105 4583 90
152130 90 4022 40 4194 105 4584 48 Square LEDs, TTL Cook Book 980
LS283 40 4023 13 4408 790 4585 se Red, European CMOS DataBook (Comprehensive) 950 FLOPPY DISC DRIVES
LS284 46 4024 32 4409 790 4597 330 Green, Yellow 30 CMOS Cook Book 1050
LS290 50 4025 13 4410 725 4598 290 Rectangle Stack - TEAC FD50A Single Uncased 40track single sided £125
LS293 40 4026 80 4411 675 4599 290 able LEDs
ULTIMUM TEAC Single FD -50A Cased with PSU £180
LS295 75 4027 20 4412 775 45106 598 Red, Green or TEAC Twin FD-50A Cased with PSU £335
LS298 90 4028 39 4415 480 40065 90 Yell. 18 WATFORD'S own most versatile MICRO EXPAN-
Triangular LEDs TEAC Single FD -50E 80 track cased with PSU £238
L5299 150 4029 46 4419 280 40097 46 SION SYSTEM. Ideal for interfacing with APPLE, SIEMENS FDD 100-5 Drive, cased, head, motors, track zero
LS300 175 4030 16 4422 Red 18
LS302 175 4031 125 4433
770 40098 193
Green or Yellow
ATOM, DRAGON, PET, RESEARCH MACHINE, microswitch & motor control PCB with read, write & control
770 40100 215
LS320 200 4032 80 4435 860 40101 130 22 SPECTRUM, SUPERBOARD, VIDEO GENIE, ZX81, electronics plus cable. Ideal for Apple £215
L5323 195 4033 125 4440 40102 140 LD271 Infra Red etc. Low cost, high spec. As published in Practical
LS324 168 4034 140 4450
999
48 Electronics starting from November 1982. APPLE II Interface card for above
350 40103 175
LS325 295 4035 46 4451 350 40104 e5 SFH2O5 Detector
Send SAE for details (P&P on some of the above Rems is extra)
LS326 240 4036 275 4490 350 40105 110 118
11
lOintolD
Complete audio
measuring system
sCo.
see the 10
features...
Freq. Counter, 2. Oscillator, 3. Noisemeter, 4. Wow & Flutter meter, 5. Level Meter, 6. Distortion,
1.
Phase, 8. Power, 9. Drift, 10. Rumble.
7.
Belgium - Simac Electronics SPRL. Tel: 022192453. Telex: 23662. France -
Already in use from the small service workshop to Audio Equipment Tekelec Airtronic. Tel: 5347535. Telex: 204552. Netherlands - C.N. Rood B.V.
manufacturers to professional studio to IBA Broadcast station to the "BBC". Tel: 996360. Telex' 31238. Sweden - Scandia Metric AB. Tel: 20400. Telex: 10766.
West Germany - Keithley Instruments GmbH. Tel: 7144065. Telex: 5212160.
AMSI provides the solution. Italy - Telav International SRL, Tel: 4455741. Telex: 312827. Spain - Unitronics SA.
Saves time, saves space, saves capital equipment cost, saves earthing Tel: 2425204. Telex: 22596. Eastern Europe, USSR, China - Data Loop Ltd.
problems. Transportable and easy to use. This low cost comprehensive audio Tel: 0306 81166. Telex: 859417. South Africa - Telkor Pty Limited. Tel: 011 489740.
Telex: 4-22171.
==
workshop meets the latest specifications for Audio Measurement with accuracies
equivalent to many of its stand alone counterparts.
10 Instruments,15 Measurements
WAYNE KERR
WKR Limited Durban Road
for the price of One. That's the AMS1... Bognor Regis
West Sussex P022 9RL England
from Wayne Kerr. Tel: (0243) 825811 Telex: 86120

OIL I
RADIOCODE
MINIATURE MULLARD MODULES U L T R A s o N I C
HONEYWELL PROXIMITY
ON-OFF
u DETECTOR integral
LP1171
F. Strip
LP117S
AM. FM
TRANSDUCERS
Complete on
»KC'S.
8 n
Gold -paled contacts. amplifier, 8v. D.C., £7.50 ea
Front end Screened cable.
1 i
E1.73
Sealed base. Ideal for pro- PHOTO CONDUCTIVE
PM, f5.75 each; pairs £206.
gremming. 6 -position at CELL, £125. High -power
hen ell 'Cds cell, 600MW, for
Complete with Data ULTRA SONIC
CLOCKS
e s s l h LPI1M
control circuits
l
TRANSMITTER. Complete
manufacturer's p rice - "once' LP1157
unit luocased requires
- Resistance 800 ohm to 4K. Med. B Long
ONLY BOO 1.5VI, 1725.
Max. volts 240. Size 112 x Tuner E250
75p 121n FOSTER DYNAMIC
RIBBON MICROPHONES. 290 ohm
Will fit into 14-pin
MICROPHONE CRYSTALS COLOUR TV
dil Impedance. Moving coil.
socket. Ten at 05R ea.; per wiN pre -amp on chassis, 4.133619 me/s Complete on chassis. E1.ß
100 55p ea.
75
Miniature type sealed pair. are powerful and comprehensive instruments which receive, decode
U.N.F. MOOLMTORi a MINIATURE HIGH -
and analyse time-coded standard frequency transmissions to provide
Wait type, adIsuble, LM380 Amplr5er... 85p DUALITY FANS STEREO CASSETTE accurate, secure and completely automatic time/calendar or synchro-
tleteiama0
-
ideal for _computers. LM318N Hi -Slew Op. Amp 'Whisper Moder' by Ro- eH a+,dwMdate
nisation systems.
circuit £1.54 ton. Low-power coneump-
umple vlt u2d ev
S¢é33x2eXT Inch LM323K, a 3 -amp, reg. don Iless Can 10 wend
Erase and Solenoid. Bend
Onlyf334 ......................................IISe
In screened case LM31 ON Volt, Follower in series for 230v.).
i ., Amp- - - --E120 50/60Hz. Size 412 x 412 x iv ca p
MINIATURE EDGE LM311H High Fed Volt, 112in. ONLYE6.5OEACH HRHINDICATOR
METER Comparator £1.00

incl. VAT. 50 ohm
With dlummated dlTscale LM384N. 5 -watt Amp E120
1M ALL
0.10. F.S.D. 100 microamp. LM393N Dual Com. _..... aq BRAND NEW
1cuit
Size 112 x 112 x t2 deep.
OnIyf1.05.
7905 Reg.- 5v
--
_ ......_..... 75p 50% less then
er's price
manufactur-
5( u.
1
MONSANTO , STEREO CASSETTE TAPE _ HEWLETT-PACKARD EX -MOTOROLA

HEADS. Quality DISPLAYS
HeV-inch 1
replacement for most 5 + 5 -WATT
Display
+ 1
High Intensity I
recorders with
plate. Record/Replay
mounting
f2M
r+ = CAR
HIGH
El each I
STEREO
set of 4E3.50 I MARRIOTT TAPE HEADS EFFICIENCY
Quaner track. AND VERY BRIGH AMPLIFIERS
Common anode
14 Pin Dil Package Type
XRPS18 Record/Replay
Oely E1.01 each / Complete and tested units.
and Lang Wave.
..................... .E2.00 Set of 6 for E5
Supplied as2 two builtcunics
units
BRIDGE` RECRRER
800 PIV 35 amps
XRPS36 Record/Replay
leach) .......... ........... £3.M
Hitt -inch red common
anode will replace
SISx i x with t
1 2x 14zx tin. E3.50 XES11 Erase leach) .. 11.00 0179114-pn Dd.
and data. Only E5 pair.
Includes pre -amp.
Applications
NATIONAL
- Automatic master clock and slave controller.
PaMM Chrps .............d7
RECHARGEABLE
BATTERIES "CHERRY" ADO -ON KEYPAD
Synchronisation of separate equipment and events.
0210 ..............................11.75
MMI« DIODES VARTA 3.6 volts
DEAC,
Programmable energy management system.
Full spec. but no polarity MIAH 225. .__E1.50
4;4 6t , l',
A compact 12 -button
keypad suitable for use
Computer clock/calendar with battery backup.
band. Per 1,000............../10 DRYFIT 6 -volt, 1.5 amp
MINIATURE MP.C. ---- -..17.50 4.(``m .
ïn ila with Keyboard Data logging and time recording.
POTENTIOMETERS. Model t" 4,
by 01IR PRICE
extend Its tuncnons
plus four extra keys.
Process and equipment control.
M2. High -quality, 6%
tolerance. 2 -watt. with lin.
7(TAL FILTER 10.7 mq/s. 010A . ONLY Supplied brand new Broadcasting, Astronomy, Navigation.
17.50' separation,
spindles. All values, 44
£7.50 Satellite tracking.
---- 12.00single
ohms -47k ealy MP each
12x1/4x1inch E7Ae
IMKC/S + meg. 3 -pin x 4 non -encoded
MCI. Y.A.T. A
1
Per 10 SOp each per 100; 3

mode keyboard
I
/Op each
If you have a time or synchronisation problem,
QUANTITY DISCOUNTS on ALL items (unless stated), 15% per 10, 20% per 50, 25% per write or phone for further details of our portable
100. All items BRAND NEW (unless otherwise stated).
DELIVERY from stock - Add post 35p per order. .TELEX 262284
and new microcomputer-controlled Radiocode
EXPORT enquiries Transogics Clocks.
invited Mono 1400
a
01-7231008/9
Circuit Services, 6 Elmbridge Drive
Callers to: 404 EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON W2 1ED Ruislip, Middlesex. Ruislip 76962
ALL MAIL ORDERS/EXPORT ENQUIRIES 11/12 PADDINGTON GREEN, LONDON, W2
12
The
Logic _gybes
Spend Less Test More
LP -1 Logic Probe LP -3 Logic Probe
n The LP -1 has a minimum detachable Our LF-3 has all the features of the LP -1 plus
pulse width of 50 nanoseconds and. extra high speed. It captures pulses as
maximum input frequency of 10MHz. marrow as 10 nanoseconds, and
This 100 K ohm probe is an monitors pulse trains to over 50 MHz.
inexpensive workhorse for any shop, Giving you the essential capabilities
Df a high -quality memory scope
lab or field service tool kit. It detects
high-speed pulse trains or one-shot at 1/1000th the cost.
LP -3 captures one shot or low -
1 events and stores pulse or level

transistions, replacing separate
level detectors, pulse
detectors, pulse stretchers
rep -events all -but -impossible to
detect any other way.
All without the weight, bulk,
and pulse memory devices. inconvenience and power
All for less than the price of a DVM consumption of conventional methods.
£31.00* £49.00*
O Model LP 3 Illustrated
LP -2 Logic Probe The New Pulser DP -1

The LP -2 performs the same The Digital Pulser: another
basic functions as the LP -1, new idea from G.S.C. The
but, for slower -speed circuits DP -1 registers the polarity of
without pulse memor1y any pin, pad or component
capability. Handling a and then, when you touch
minimum pulse width of 300 the 'PULSE' button, delivers
nanoseconds, this 300 K ohm a single no -bounce pulse to
probe is the economical way swing the logic state the
to test circuits up to 1.5 MHz. other way. Or if you hold the
It detects pulse trains or button down for more than a
single -shot events in TTL, DTL, second, the DP -1 shoots out
HTL and CMOS circuits, pulse after pulse at 1000 Hz
replacing separate pulse detectors, The single LED blinks for each single
pulse stretchers and mode state pulse, or glows during a pulse train.
analysers. If your circuit is a very fast one, you
(Available in kit form LPK-1 £12.50) can open the clock line and take it
through its function step by step, at
£18.00* single pulse rate or at 100 per
..... r -
second. Clever! And at a very
reasonable price.
£51.00*
+price excluding PBP and 15°° VAI
GLOBAL SPECIALTIES CORPORATION rMIB --

The logic
G.S.C. (UK) Limited, Dept. zii, Unit

Prices include P8P and 15
probes shown are ah suitable for I IL.
VAT
DTL, HTI. and CMOS cnculs
1,
B ti U -
Shire Industrial Estate, Saffron Walden, Essex CB11 3AQ
I O Model LP 3lllustrated
@ B
1
Only Only £15 521 Only
1 LP- £37 38 Onty LP 2 £22 42 I
J
LP -3 £5808 Only DP ,1 £60.95 PK-1
'
1
Name Address
G.S.C. (UK) Limited, Dept. 7ii enclose Cheque/P o for £ or debit my Barclaycard/Access/ ,
service.I
II
Unit 1, Shire Hill Industrial Estate, exp date

Saffron Walden, Essex CB11 3AQ. I
American Express card no
FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION -
The G.S.C. 24 hour. 5 day a week
AmericanFor FREE
Telephone: Saffron Walden (0799) 21682.
Telex: 817477.
number and your order will be in the post immediately.
MO- ---------B
Telephone (0799) 21682 and give us your Barclaycard. Access. catalogue
Express
tick box
UM
L J
Introducing two new
hand-held digital multimeters
28 Ranges, each with full
overload protection
10 amp AC/DC
SPECIFICATION 6010 & 7030
A
AC ^ BATTERY: Single 9v dry cell. BATTERY LIFE: 200
hours. DIMENSIONS: 170 x 89 x 38mm. WEIGHT:
400g inc. battery. MODE SELECT: Push button. AC DC
CURRENT: 2004A to 10A. AC VOLTAGE: 200mV to
750V. DC VOLTAGE: 200mV to 1000V. RESISTANCE:
200Sí to 20MSZ. INPUT IMPEDANCE: 10MS/. DISPLAY:
31/2 Digit 13mm LCD. O/LOAD PROTECTION: All
ranges.
OTHER FEATURES:
Auto polarity, auto zero, battery -low indicator, ABS
plastic case with tilt stand, battery and test leads
included, optional carrying case.
111110J11410
Please add 15% to your order for VAT

MODEL 7030 Postage and packing is free of charge
DC ACCURACY 0.1% Trade prices available on application
£35.95 ARMON ELECTRONICS LTD.

Cottrell House, 53-63 Wembley Hill Road
plus VAT Wembley, Middlesex HA9 8BH, England
Tel. 01-902 4321 (3 lines). Tlx: No. 923985
The European name of Aerosol

KONTAKT Excellence. Special cleaners for all
electrical contacts and switches.
TV TUBE REBUILDING
Faircrest Engineering Ltd. manufacture a comprehensive
range of equipment for processing all types of picture tubes,
Kontakt 60 colour and mono. Standard or custom built units for estab-
Dissolves oxides and sulphides, lished or new businesses. We export world-wide and have an
removes dirt, oil, resin and traces excellent spares service backed by a strong technical team.
of metal abrasion. Protects
against erosion. Ensures perfect Full training courses are individually tailored to customers
contacts.
requirements.
Kontakt 61 For full details of our service contact Neil Jupp
Special cleaning, lubricating and
anti -corrosion fluid for NEW (non
oxydised) and specially sensitive
contacts. An excellent lubricant
for all electrical and electro FAIRCREST ENGINEERING LTD.
mechanical systems.
4 Union Road, Croydon, CRO 2XX
Spray Wash WL 01-684 1422/01-684 0246
A rapid cleaner for reliable wash-
ing and degreasing of electrical WW - 034 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
equipment and components. For
removal of dirt, grease, oil, solder-
ing residues and other impurities.
IN VIEW OF THE EXTREMELY RAPID CHANGE TAKING,.

ALSO AVAILABLE: PLACE IN THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY, LARGE QUANTI-
A COMPLETE RANGE OF INDUSTRIAL AEROSOL SPRAYS TIES OF COMPONENTS BECOME REDUNDANT. WE ARE
SK10 Soldering Lacquer, K75 Cold Spray, K70 Plastic Spray, K88 Oil Spray, K701
Vaseline Spray, K90 Video Spray, K33 Graphite Spray, K100 Antistatic Spray, CASH PURCHASERS OF SUCH MATERIALS AND WOULD
K101 Fluid Spray and, of course, Positiv 20 positive photo resist for printed
circuits. APPRECIATE A TELEPHONE CALL OR A LIST IF AVAILABLE.
WE PAY TOP PRICES AND COLLECT.
Details from:
Special Products Distributors Ltd. BROADFIELDS & MAYCO DISPOSALS

81 Piccadilly, London, W1V OHL
Tel: 01-629 9556. Telex: 26500 (answerback RACENI. Cables: Speciprod, London, 21 Lodge Lane, N. Finchley, London, N.12. 5 mins. from Tally Ho corner
W7
Telephone 445 2713/0749 (9461)

MIDWICH HAS MOVED!
The lightweight OUR PRICES HAVE TOO DOWN! -
mast with In orderto maintain our standard of service and house ourevergrowing range
of stock, we've moved to larger premises. You can still use our old telephone
number for a limited period, but please make a note of our new one and
our address.
101 applications
To celebrate the move we have reduced our prices still further. We know this
will displease our competitors, but we'd rather please our customers.
NB - NO SURCHARGE ON CREDIT CARD ORDERS.
Be happy- move with Midwich. And remember, we always try to give you the
best deal and the best service. If we fail just let us know we will always try to
make amends.
-
MEMORIES ** NEW LOWER PRICES **
(5V1.10
'2114 Law Power 200ns 0.80 '2732 350ns 4.40 '4164 200ns (T) 4.65
2708 450ns 2.79 2532 450ns 380 '4816/4516 100ns 2.89
2716 450ns (5V) 2.10 4116 200ns 0.70 '5516 <<"OOns 9.36
2716 350ns 3.59 4116 150ns 6116P3 150ns 3.85
2716 450ns (3 rai) 585 4118 15Ons 338 '6116LP3 15Ons 5.75
2732 450ns 3.75
BBC MICRO UPGRADE KITS** NEW LOWER PRICES **

88021 Printer cable & Amphenol Plug )not assem-
BBC2 Printer/User I/O kit (IC69.70 + PL9.10) 8.00 bled)
BBC4 Analogue input kitl(IC73, 77 + SK61 6.70 BBC22 Connector frx user port with 2..00
RGB kit (IC74,75 + SK3,41111.45 36" cade
BBC5 Serial VO and
BBC6
'
Expansion bus and tube 825 BBCA4 Analogue ireplug with cover 2.25
BBC55 5 and 6 pin DIN plugs for 0.99
kit (IC71, 72, 76 + PL11. 12)
Serial VO and RGB (41put
MOST KITS ARE NOW EX -STOCK' BBC66 Connector for bus port with cade 3.50
.i** We've done it again! Massive price reductions on LPS and CMOS.*.*
Devise Ria Oaxaca Price Devise Rap Device Pula Devise Pulse
245 0.89
280 FAMILY W01391 45.50
KIT 36864MHZ 2.95 7415 SERIES
280CPU 296 45.50 4MHZ 1.45 00 0.10 251 029
'W01393 KIT
257 0.34
280ACPU 3.45 WD1395 KIT 45.50 6MHZ 1.45 01 0.11
284 1.70 02 011 259 0.57
Z80CTC 'WD1397 KIT 45.50 BMHZ
2.95 195 03 0.11 266 0.19
2130ACTC (KITS INCLUDE 96804MHZ
280ADART 5.70 0.11 273 0.59,
F01795 + WD2143 04
11.95 279 0.59
'280ADMA + W016911 CMOS 4000'6 05 0.11
280PI0 2.75 OB 0.11 283 0.39
SERIES
280AP10 2.95 4001 0910 0.11 365 029
MISC SUPPORT 0.100.10
366 029
'ZBOASl0-d 11.99 4001 0.11
CHIPS 367 029
2130AS10-1 11.99 AY3.1015 4002 0.12 12 0.11
2.99 368 0.39
780AS10-2 11.99 AY3-1270 0.15 13 0.15
7.95 373 0.59
' MK3886 11.00 '903-8910 5.99 4011 0.11 Id 021
MK3866-4 14.47 0.15 15 0.12 374 0.64
AY5-1013 299 377 0.69
AY5-3600 4013 0.24 20 0.12
0800 FAMILY 7.95 390 0.49
AY5.2376 590 4015 0.49 21 0.12
'6800 2.99 0,19 26 012 393 0.41
'6802 3.49 DP8304 4.50
MC1488 055 4017 0,37 27 0.12
6803C 12.10
0.49 28 0.12 OIEsockets low
6809 8.45 MC1489 055 profile
MC3446 295 4023 0.15 30 0.12
'6810 1.12
4024 0.31 32 0.12 Pins lin Gold MN
'6821 120 MC3448A 428
MC3480 795 4025 016 37 012 8 7 22 25
6840 3.95
4027 0.23 38 0.12 14 9 29 36
'6845 6.75 MC3487 295 1b 35
4028 0.49 40 0.12 9 31
6850 1.40 MC14411 694 d2 18 13 33 52
4040 0.19 0.27
'6880 1.07 MC14412 7.99
4042 .44 7 0.34 20 14 35 60
6887 0.80 '803-2513L 6.99
4046 0.61 51 0.14 22 17 40 70
'68488 9.11 '903-2513U 5.99 24 42 70
4047 0.49 54 0.14 10
'6875 5.62
4049 021 74 0.16 26 25 54 80
6843 13.99 08M CHIPS 4050 021 75 0.19 40 29 91 99
'68800 8.30 'ZN450E 781 4051 O.M 76 0.17
'68802 10.11 '75450 KIT 1735 OIL JUMPERS
4052 0.59 83 0.34
'68821 2.29 Sb101e ended 24.
4060 0.59 85 0.47 14 PIN 1.40
'68810 2.00 UNEARS 4066 029 86 0.15
*68040 4.70 16 PIN 160
LM301AN 025 4069 0.15 90 028 24 PIN 2.35
'68050 288 LM308N 0.81 4070 0.14 92 0.31
40 PiN 325
LM311 N 089 4071 0.14 93 025
8500 FAMILY LM319N 2.11 4073 0.14 109 0.27
'6502 3.45 Double Ended 8"
LM324 N 0.30 4075 0.11 122 0.35
'6520 2.99 14 PIN 190
LM348N 0.59 4081 0.15 123 0.35
'6522 3.19 16 PIN 285
LM555N 0.36 4093 0.25 125 0.24 24 PiN 3.10
'6532 5.95 LM556CN 0.45 4508 1.29 126 025 40 PIN 4.85
LM741 (8 PIN) 0.14 4511 0.44 132 0.39
8080 FAMILY LM747CN 0.64 4512 0.49 136 023
'8085A 4.40 Double Ended 12"
LM748(8 PIN) 0.34 4518 0.39 138 027 14 PIN 280
'8212 1.55
LM725CN 3.20 4520 0.49 139 029
'8216 0.60 16 PIN 2.15
4526 089 148 0.69 24 PIN 325
'8251 3.10 REGULATORS 4528 0.69 151 0.39
The smoothly operated QTM Mast comes fitted with '8255 2.95 40 PIN 5.10
76D5 0.39 4541 0.99 153 028
7812 0.39 4549 0.71 155 0.34
handpump or can be vehicle mounted with 'Power Pack' for BUFFERS
090
7615 0.39 156 0.34
Double Ended 18"
14 PIN 2.05
811895 78L05 029 N0. 157 025
extension and retraction. Available in a range of heights up 61 LS97 0.90 78L12 029 »ter devises
mlable
111155558675
58 029
16 PIN
24 PIN
225
3.40
811597 0.90 78L15 029
to 15 metres, the QTM mast can provide the ideal answer 81 LS98 0.90 7gp5 055
161
163
0.35
0.34
40 PIN 525
120 055
for 8T26A
6T26Á 120
7912
7915 0.55
164
165
0.39
0.54
ZERO INSERTION
Mobile Radio Telephone Environmental - gas 8795 1.35 LM309N 0.18 166 0.63
FORCE SOCKETS
24 PIN 5.95
sampling collector
8T97A
8198
1.35
1.45
LM317K 3.20 SPECIAL 173 0.64
28 PIN 7.40
Police Mobile HO (UHF) LM323K 4.95 174 0.40 40 PIN 8.80
LM338K POA OFFERS 175 0.44
Field Telecommunications High level photography DATA CONVERTERS
3.45
191 0.44
25 WAY '6
ZN425 192 0.44
ZN427 5.99 UNF MODULATORS CONNECTORS
Floodlighting Meteorology ZN428 4.75 6MH71UM1111/ 3.70 21'4L-20 0.74 193 0.44 MALE -MALE 10.15
BMHIJUM12331 4.10 0 73 194 0.34 (36' CABLE)
'25432 13.00
Anemometer and Wind And a host of other uses ZN433 25.90
68116
741505
0.15
0.10
195
221
0.34
0.54
MALE-FEMALE 10.13
ZN4471819 POA (36 CABLE)
74.510 0.10 240 0.55
Measurement UPD7002 4.35
CRYSTALS
1MHZ 2.90 74_S74 0 13 241 0.65
MALE SENSED 583
1008MHZ 290 74-5157

.
0.18 242 084

IlfrCABLE)
FLOPPY DISC FEMALE S 825
1.8432M HZ 220CONTR 243 0.81
DISC ENDED 118"
24576MHZ 2.45 059 244
CLARK MASTS
'í01771 17.12. CABLE)
Data sheets available on astensked items Please telephone for prices and details
24 Hour Telephone order service for credit card holders

VISA All prices exclude VAT and carnage (P&P 75p on orders under £10 nett)
Official orders from educational and government establishments, and
Find out more about the QTM series by writing or phoning:- public companieslaccepted. Credi) accounts available to others (subject to status).
All orders despatched on day of receipt Out of stock items will follow on automatically at our
U.K. EUROPE iscretion nr a refund will be given if requested
NO SURCHARGE FOR CREDIT CARD ORDERS
CLARK MASTS LTD. ,(W.W.) GENK TECHNICAL PRODUCTS N V.(W.W )
Evergreen House, Ringwood Road,

Binstead, Isle of Wight,
Woudstraat 21, 3600 Genk.
Belgium MIDWICH COMPUTER CO LTD
England P033 3PA Telefoon 01 1-380831 Dept WW. Rickinghall House, Rickinghall, Suffolk IP22 1 HH
Tel. Isle of Wight (0983) 63691 Telex 39354 Genant B. Telephone (0379) DISS 898751
Telex 86686
Please make a note of our new address
& tele hone number
15
C X80 COLOUR New low price
MATRIX PRINTER £795 + V.A.T.
At last a low-cost Colour Matrix Printer for

Text, Graphics, Histograms, Colour VDU
Dumps, etc.
Colour printout is quickly assimilated,

makes graphics more understandable
and is an ideal medium for the presen-
tation of complex data or concepts.
Compatible with most microprocessors, prints in 7 colours - sophisticated internal

programme makes the CX80 easy to use.
Dot Addressable + 15 user programmable characters, 96 ASCII and 64 graphics
characters in rom. Centronics interface with RS232 and IEEE488 options. Apple Il
interface gives dot for dot colour dump. New viewdata interface prints out two pages
side by side in full colour. See Prestel 200650.
The CX80 is a product of our own design and development laboratories. It represents
aBritish breakthrough in colour printer technology. Colour brochure on request. OEM
pricing available.
Portwood Industrial Estate, Church Gresley.
INTEGREH LIMITED Burton -on -Trent, Staffs DE11 9PT
Burton -on -Trent 10283) 215432. Telex: 377106
EUROPEAN
WILMSLDW FLOPPY DISK
L
AuD ]D
,10-, DRIVES AT
The firm for Speakers
Bigger and Better for 1982

ATTRACTIVE
the colourful Wilmslow Audio brochure
- the definitive loudspeaker catalogue!
PRICES
height
+ 2/3 5.25 inch drives
All reconditioned, as new, with 3 month warranty
Everything for the speaker constructor - kits, drive units,
components for HiFi and PA. Single-sided £100 + £3 carriage + VAT = £118.45
CWO ea.
50 DIY HiFi speaker designs including the exciting new
dB Total Concept speaker kits, the Kef Constructor range,
Double -sided £160 + £3 carriage + VAT = £187.41
Wharfedale Speakercraft, etc. CWO ea.
Flatpack cabinet kits for Kef, Wharfedale and many others.
+ 8" floppy drives, reconditioned, as new with 3
--
months' warranty
* Lowest prices Largest stocks *
Single -sided £210 + £6 carriage + VAT = £248.40
* Expert staff Sound advice *
* Choose your DIY HiFi Speakers in the comfort of our * CWO ea.
two listening lounges Double -sided £270 + £6 carriage + VAT = £317.40
(Customer operated demonstration facilities) CWO ea.
* Ample parking * + Also a few US made 51/4" single -sided floppy drives
Send L-1.50 for catalogue at £60 ea. + £3 carriage and VAT = £72.45 CWO ea.
(cheque, M.O. or stamps-or phone with your credit card number)
Note all prices are CWO and cheques/POs should be
* Access - Visa -American Express accepted
made payable to: "WW READERS ACCOUNT"
also HiFi Markets Budget Card.
(i
: IL
óOw 0625 529599
Manuals are £20 ea. post paid or £5 if ordered with
drives
Circle enquiry number below for details
The firm for Speakers
MELKUIST LTD
L
35/39 Church Street, Wilmslow, Cheshire SK9 lAS
GUILDFORD STREET
35A
Lightning service on telephoned credit card orders! LUTON, BEDS.
TELEPHONE: LUTON 416028 TELEX: 825828
MLKST-G
tzissr
s sse_
RETAILMAIL ORDEREXPORT
INDUSTRIALEDUC T40N
DIGITAL MULTIMETERS
Hand Held Models3ty digit
(UK C/P 65p)
WAIN
LCO
L
s/
s ss_!.!
TEST EQUIPMENT CENTRES ,.
All models complete with leads and batteries
Bench Models
unless stated
31h digit LCD
(UK C/P 90p)
__/L
_ING-
Nlr' /11,!"«i'1//s1111111
OSCILLOSCOPES
TRIOCs1588A
20'20MHZ
dual trace triggered
AND CALL IN
,
(UK C/P Single train L3 ee. Salgan V.3111.

Dual tree N ea. SC110 £1.00)
HM112.5 Dual 20 MHZ delayed
trig ta 40 MHZ. 5mV 01 micro sec 8 a 10cm
display (HAMLIN £402.50
NEW"'
SEE FOR YOURSELF
tweed
KAl
r r
l
.
1
h,i Ii1I
i1'.F'I 41
KD25C 13 range 0.2A DC sweep. 5m0/ 0.5

2010A LED 31 range. 10A AC/ IOptlenal caw £21.86)
with carry case £26.50 us/CH21nO/x 10meg.
KD30C 28 range IA AC/DC
DC basic 0.1 °ro ISabtronlcsi £81.50 19 twsep rengel
8C11011 Ihw Model 10 MHZ battery
TM353 porhble.40mV 0.1 y&0. T trace.
200 Meg Ohm with carry case £37.50
LCD 27 range 2A AC/DC Limited otter WAS 5383.40 All facilities ITHAN0111I £171.00
basic 0.15% [Sinclair) £88.25 NOW £320.00 (UK C/P £4.001
KD55C 28 range 10A AC/DC (Dalton: Gerry case £8.84.
version of above £41.50 2015A LCD 31 range 10A AC/DC HM307 Single trace 10 MHZ 5mV:O.5
AC Adapter £5.86.
2033A 28 range push button
basic 0.1 °ra ISebtronlcsl £89.50 micro sac. Plus built In component tester
6 x 7cm diepiay (HAMEOI £158.70
Ricadt title
436.50 TM351 LCO 29 range 10A AC/ 515.10
CS1820 Oust 20 MHZ 25mO0.1Om.
2 amp AC/DC Optional casa
Delay tweep. 1140 mm tuba 1111101 £483.00
DC basic 0.1°1ú (Sinclair) £113.85
188m/601 IA 15 range Hle 3030 Single trace 15 MHZ. SmV:0.6 micro
CS1577A Dull 35 MHZ. 2mV.
2001 LCD 28 range plus 5 range we Plus built In component hater. 95mm
tester push button IDA DC £43.50 0.1 y8ac. Single sweep facility.
capacitance meter IDA AC/DC tube. Trig. to 20 MHZ ICROTECHI £172.50
189m 30 range plus Hle tester. 140mm tube. (1010) 0623.25
1 Basic 0.1°b !Pantec) £108.00 3035 Single race 15 MHZ. SmV.Trlg to 20
Rotary switch IDA AC/DC £69.95 plut built In componentNair 0.2 uSec.
C1183011 Duel 30 MHZ. 2mV
TM451 41/ digit 0.03% basic all MHZ
02 yaw (fined daisy Anal. Delay
2037A 28 range 0.1% 2A 130mm Tube ICROTECNI 5188.75 temp 140mre
AC/DC +2 temp ranges
facilities (Sinclair) £171.00 tube froni £826.76
rz>1ra 1503A 434 digit
LCD 30 ranges NM203 Dual 20 MHZ. Trig ta 30 MHZ NM706 Duel 70 MHZ deleted
push button £77.00 5mV.0.5 micro secs. 8 e 10cm display. tweed Single sweep: Delay line
10A AC/DC 4 MHZ counter. 4 KHZ
129 25 range 0.8°°basic IDA IHAMEGI £253.00 Trig to 705110: 2mV: 0.1 micro
AC/DC rotary switches (Keithieyl £79.35 osc. 0.05% basic IThurlbyl £171.00 C5156211 Duel 10 MHZ I0mV. sac. 8 x 10cm dlspley IHAMEO) £567.00
130 As mode1129 but 0.5°'0 basic £102.35 1503HA As above but 25A and I ySec. 140mm tube 110101 £267.95 Ringo of low cost Duel Trace
0.03% basis £189.75 3131 Dual trace 15 MHZ triple 35 MHZ Scopes moins operated. Made in UK to
ACCESSORIES 5mO: 05 micro sec 130mm lobe exacting standards. Available as 10 MHZ.
AC Adaptors (2010A & 2015A only) £5.69 Cases TM351 /353 £6.84 plus component tester. £276.00 15 MHZ. or 20 MHZ. Alt tutors 5mV
2001 £7.50 1503 £20.45 Touch and hold probe THP20 £14.95 C51575 Dual MHZ ImVO5 sensitivity. 0.5 micro sas. 5.4 x 8cm display.
pSec. 140mm tube. Phase display 1SAFVANI
audio scope. 1111101 £312.80 OPTIONS HM293/112/705
CS1580A11 Dual 15 MHZ 10mV. View Hoods £8.90
0.5 ySec. 110101 £341.55 Component lester £28.75
3034 Battery -meins dual trace 15 MHZ. 0T410 Duel 10 MHZ £205.95
trig to 20 MHZ built In Meads. 5mV. 0.5 01415 Dual 15 MHZ £217.35'
micro secs ICROTECHI £414.00 0T420 Dual 20 MHZ £228.85
LA6125 As £Á0120A but 0.02% 5020A HZ 200 KHZ lEliminator charger optional £38.80 - see below.
GENERATORS
-
1
Scope probes ell models
dis£ [LEADER) £273.00 ISABTRONICS1 £90.00
loll models battery opentedl 80008 B digit LEO range 1000
R-C- Pulse RF Funclian Audio A6203 10 HZ - I MHZ 5 hand TG100 I HZ-100KHZ
£90.85
FREQUENCY (UK C/P£1) MHZ Bench ISA8TR0 [CSI
lus C/P £11 0.1% Sine/S0 iTA101 £126.50 ITHANOARI
An models 220/240 V AC RF IAII with Int/Ext mod. variable T6102 0.2 HZ 2 MHZ
£166.75
l COUNTERS
PFM200A Peed Bdigit LED
200 MHZ 10 mV ITHANOARI
50 MHz 6 digit
£67.50 1 T1040 8 digit LCD 40 MHZ
MHZ with TP8001 ITHAHDARI
5173.00
HMO
AUDIO 4 band Sine/S0 output output' ITHANOARI Max 50

PULSE LEO Pocket IBSC) £56.35 £126.50
TE220 Max distortion 1% TE200 100 KHZ 100 MHZ 8
£59.95 TG 105 5 HZ 5 MHZ Various Max 5508 digit T1200 8 digit LCD 2 range 200
20Hz/200KHz £69.95 band 1300 MHZ harm) -
LEO Pocket IOSCI £97.75 MHZ 1800 MHZ with TP8001
LA627 Max dietorlion 0.5-1% LSG17100KHz-150MHz outputs ITHANDARI £97.75 ITHANOARI £168.75
8110A 8 digit LED 2 range. 100
£86.25 (450MHz harm) LEADER £71.30 4001 Ultra -variable £77.00 TP6013 500 MHZ pntceler
(LEADER[ I0Hz-1MHz MHZ. Bench I8ABTRONICSI .
56402 1100 KHZ-30 MHZ 6 band 0.5Hz-5MHz'ESCI £113.85 8610A digit LED 3 range e00
IITHARDARI £43.13
AG202A Max distortion 0.5°c 8
£78.20 (TRi01 £68.00 MHZ Bench ISABTRONICSI £94.00 TM0001GHz preeceler £74.75
ITRI0120Hz-200KHz OPTIONS
FUNCTION Ail sine/SO/ Max 100 511z.100MHz
LAG120A 5band 10 HZ- 1MHZ. 8 digit bench LED IGSCI £97.75 TF urlai carry case £8.84
Sine/S0 0.050.8% dist. £146.00 Triangle/TTL etc.) AC adaptors £5.89
86108 9 digit 1E03 range 600
8 serial Adaptors
AC £5.69
MHZ Bench ISeeîeonICSI £113.85 All models probe kits £7.95
DIRECT READ HV PROBE

TOP QUALITY
(UK C/P 56111
ANALOGUE 0/1000:20K/Von i
£18.40
ELECTRONIC INSULATIION TESTERS
MULTIMETERS
INSULATION AND CLAMP METERS
MYIO.range clamps ell with resistance range carry Battery operated complete with carry case We c'P oil (UK C/P L1.20)
OSCILLOSCOPE
2ce4O211Prlto3£7.15
£65.00
case and leads. Alec digital and OC chimp in stock
lux C/P 151.1
TF501 L 0000/100 Mee Plus 0.100 ohm
K3103 8000/100 Meg Pius 0 281( ohm £109.00
All featuring AC/DC Volts/Current and Ohms
noun.
PROBE
X10 rÁ.16
81300 300A. 00000 AC granges £28.06
63106
1 K4101 500V & 1000V 1000 0 2000 Meg. co 19.00
Earth resistance tester E149.00
MAJOR 2011 29 range 20k/V.
2'i,A DC. 129i
iPANTECI
AC £33.50
KITS XI -X10 £10.50
62806 300A. 80000 AC 8 rangea £19.50 11500 Nand cranked insulation tester 0100 £16.96
MAJOR 50K 29 range 50K/V. 21,00C
[Optional temp. probe Cß.801 500V, 100 Meg £79.50 12',0 ACIPANTECI 140.25
K2903 900Á. 750V AC 9 ranges £77.50
K8031 1100'500V phase tester £23.50 AN3001 34 range 40K/V. 5A ACJOC. DECADE BOXES
50 Meg. IPANTECI £56.80 0182 32 velu Ralie bar I ohm
AMATEUR RADIO AND CB TESTING Also 500KHZ 500 MHZ signal Infector end
3 range CO. meter.
to
15120
4Meg.
20 Value Cap. box 470 pl
£15.50
[Full lists send SAE.I AN3003 42 range Meg/V. SA AC/DC £21.00
1
to l yF
HOMO 1.5 to 250 MHZ 8 range DIP meter lillusl £47.95 VA F801PANTEC)
1 £08.70
RC1000 3 meters 0/10/100/1000 watts. SWR etc. 150 MHZ (NOTE 3001 & 3003 Electronic PORTABLE TV COLOUR
max. lillusi £45.00 Protection Mirror Scales)
111100 20 range large suit 20K/Volt: 10A GENERATOR
C820 SWR/Power twin meter to 30 MHZ KW lillusl £ 8.95
1
AC/OC, 20 Meg ohm. 5KV AC/DC £95.00 MC101

HM20 20K/Volt multirange multimeter. Plus SWA/Power K200 30 range 10 Meg. ohm input. 8 pomrns/date/lines etc. Built In
meter 150 MHZ Detachable Coupler £22.95 25 H2 -1 MHZ £105.00 Maeda. Pul B UHF only. Complete
LPM880 AF Power meter 5/20/120W. 1.8 500 MHZ £84.00 M150043 ripe with charger. cue end ludo.
\
range 20k/V. 9
LPM8B5 SW/Power. 20/200/1000W. 1.8- 54 MHZ Whist AC IDA 12 range OC 10A £87.50 £182.50
£54.00
HAVE A BANANA! ST303TR 21 range plus Hfe test VARIABLE POWER SUPPLIES DIRECT READ TEMPERATURE
20KNolt £16.95 Mains Input Volle/Ampi meter AUK C/P £1) TN301 -50'C to 750'C. LCD
Low cost reliable meters (.All supplied with
baits/leadsi IUK C/P 55p) AT102018 range Deluxe 2KV & PP241 0/12.12/24 Volt. / anr dth e. Completewith Meryend
0/1 amp £35.00 Dnrmocouple £88.43

BANANA 15 range pocket 20K/ Volt Hfe Tester £17.50
PP243 0/12.12/24 Volt.
plus coot buzzer lillusl £20.84 TMK500 23 range plus 12A DC £59.95
0/3 amp
NH55 10 range pocket plus cont. buzzer30KNoit £21.50 PS13078 twin LOGIC PROBES/MONITOR
meter 8-15V 2.70 835.95 bin
2KNolt £5.50 168m 36 range large scale 10A SabtronICS 1,10 10
£28.50 probe L25Á0

ST5 11 range pocket 4KNoh £6.50 AC/DC 5OKNoh MAO
NH56R 22 range pocket 20KNolt AT21D 21 range 12A AC/DC 'SCOPE ADD ON UNITS SSC LE2 1.5 MH1 prate
LEADER LOP078 50MHZ Ninth
£9.95 10OKNoh £29.50 LTC906 Semiconducla curve Icool £58.80
[MI
i
YH360TR 19 range plus Hfe test 360TR 23 range large scale 10A tracer Illluol 'LEADER! £95.45 SSC monitor le to 15 pin
lee C/P85p1 ICS £33.00
AC/DC Hfe test 50 meg ohm. 1 KV
20KNolt
KRT5001 16 range 10 amp DC
£12.95
AC/DC 100KNolt £34.95 -'C-ti 1055 Component teeter IHAMEGI
'UK C/P55p1 £27.95
a-" CSC DPI 0igi11 puller. Singh/
100 pas £5850
Choose from UK's largest range
==== Mavis
range double 50K/Volt £16.50
CUBEGATE
"="1 "Arralea2P =aea Order by Post
301 EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON, W21 BN, ENGLAND. TEL 01-724 3564
A Vir1Wiiir1air LIMITED
with CHEQUES/
ACCESS/VISA
or Telephone
your order S4nd large SAE
ALSO AT HENRYS RADIO, 404/406 EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON W2 (2OpUK)
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!e /WO airieN 6A4 iteeK-CAM /NA9ND.er><42 )4(.42S51.Fó delivery (unless advised) etc. Please write in.
WW -- 023 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

17
Sinclair ZX Specti
16Kor 48K RAM...
full-size moving-
key keyboard...
colour and sound... BLUE
EDIT
RED
CAPS LOCK
MAGENTA
TRUE VIDEO
\\\Q
GREEN
INV. VIDEO
CYAN
-(Z .
t\\\
YELLOW WHITE
high-resolution DEF FN
SIN
FN
\\\\
COS
LINE
TAN
OPEN # CLOSE it
R ND
MOVE
STR S
ERAS
graphics... A5N ACS ATN VERIFY

SON
MERGE
ABS
RESTORE DATA
READ
From only L LIST BIN

CIRCE
f125!First, there was the world-beating

PAPER FLASH
Sinclair ZX80. The first personal computer

for under £100.
Then, the ZX81. With up to 16K RAM Ready to use today,
available, and the ZX Printer. Giving more
easy to expand tomorrow Key features of the
power and more flexibility. Together,
they've sold over 500,000 so far, to make Your ZX Spectrum comes with a mains
Sinclair ZX Spectrum
Sinclair world leaders in personal adaptor and all the necessary leads to Full colour -8 colours each for
computing. And the ZX81 remains the connect to most cassette recorders foreground, background and border,
ideal low-cost introduction to computing. and TVs (colour or black and white). plus flashing and brightness -intensity
Now there's the ZX Spectrum! With Employing Sinclair BASIC (now used control.
up to 48K of RAM. A full-size moving -key in over 500,000 computers worldwide)
keyboard. Vivid colour and sound. High - Sound -BEEP command with variable
the ZX Spectrum comes complete with pitch and duration.
resolution graphics. And a low price that's two manuals which together represent a
unrivalled. detailed course in BASIC programming. Massive RAM -16K or 48K.
Whether you're a beginner or a competent
Professional power - programmer, you'll find them both of im-
Full-size moving -key keyboard- all
keys at normal typewriter pitch, with
personal computer price! mense help. Depending on your computer
experience, you'll quickly be moving
repeat facility on each key.
The ZX Spectrum incorporates all into the colourful world of ZX Spectrum High -resolution -256 dots
the proven features of the ZX81. But its professional -level computing. horizontally x 192 vertically, each
new 16K BASIC ROM dramatically There's no need to stop there. The individually addressable for true high -
increases your computing power. ZX Printer -available now- is fully resolution graphics.
You have access to a range of 8 compatible with the ZX Spectrum. And ASCII character set -with upper -and
colours for foreground, background and later this year there will be Microdrives for
border, together with a sound generator lower-case characters.
massive amounts of extra on-line storage,
and high -resolution graphics. plus an RS232 / network interface board. Teletext -compatible- user software
You have the facility to support can generate 40 characters per line
separate data files. or other settings.
You have a choice of storage capa-
cities (governed by the amount of RAM). High speed LOAD & SAVE -16K in 100
16K of RAM (which you can uprate later
seconds via cassette, with VERIFY&
to 48K of RAM) or a massive 48K of RAM. MERGE for programs and separate
Yet the price of the Spectrum 16K
data files.
is an amazing £125! Even the popular Sinclair 16K extended BASIC -
48K version costs only £175! incorporating unique 'one -touch'
You may decide to begin with the keyword entry, syntax check, and
16K version. If so, you can still return it later report codes.
for an upgrade. The cost? Around £60.
The ZX Printer - The ZX Microdrive-
available now coming soon
LIM Designed exclusively for use with the
Sinclair ZX range of computers, the
printer offers ZX Spectrum owners the full
ASCII character set -including lower-case
characters and high -resolution graphics.
The new Microdrives, designed
especially for the ZX Spectrum, are set to
change the face of personal computing.
Each Microdrive is capable of holding
up to 100K bytes using a single inter-
A special feature is COPY which changeable microfloppy.
prints out exactly what is on the whole TV The transfer rate is 16K bytes per
screen without the need for further second, with average access time of 3.5
instructions. Printing speed is 50 charac- seconds. And you'll be able to connect up
ters per second, with 32 characters to 8ZX Microdrives to yourZX Spectrum.
per line and 9 lines per vertical inch. All the BASIC commands required for
The ZX Printer connects to the rear of the Microdrives are included on the
yourZX Spectrum. A roll of paper (65ft Spectrum.
long and 4in wide) is supplied, along with A remarkable breakthrough at a
full instructions. Further supplies of paper remarkable price. The Microdrives are
are available in packs of five rolls. available later this year, for around £50.
How to order your ZX Spectrum

BY PHONE -Access, Barclaycard or Barclaycard or Trustcard.
RS232 /network Trustcard holders can call 01-2000200 for
personal attention 24 hours a day, every
EITHER WAY-please allow up to 28
days for delivery. And there's a 14 -day
Interface board day. BY FREEPOST -use the no -stamp money -back option, of course. We want
This interface, available later this needed coupon below. You can pay by you to be satisfied beyond doubt -and we
year, will enable you to connect your cheque, postal order, Access, have no doubt that you will be.
ZX Spectrum to a whole host of printers,
terminals and other computers.
The potential is enormous. And the
o: Sinclair Research, FREEPOST, Camberley, Surrey, GUIS 3BR. Order
astonishingly low price of only £20 is Oty Item Code Item Price Total
possible only because the operating £ £
systems are already designed into the Sinclair ZX Spectrum -16K RAM version 100 125.00
ROM.
Sinclair ZX Spectrum -48K RAM version 101 175.00
Sinclair ZX Printer 27 59.95
ZX Spectrum Printer paper (pack of 5 rolls)

Postage and packing: orders under £100
orders over £100
16
28
29
11.95
2.95
4.95
Total £
Available only Please tick if you require a VAT receipt

*1enclose a cheque/postal order payable to Sinclair Research Ltd for £
by mail order *Please charge to my Access/Barclaycard/Trustcard account no.
*Please delete/complete L L L
and only from
1 I I J
as applicable
¡Signature
PLEASE PRINT
(Name: Mr/Mrs/Miss 111111111111111111
Sinclair 'Address 1 1 1
I
I
I
1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1[ 1 1 1
Sinclair Research Ltd, 1

I I I 1
1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i I i 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I
Stanhope Road, Camberley, 1

1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I
WRW811
Surrey, GU153PS.
Tel Camberley (0276) 685311. FREEPOST -no stamp needed. Prices apply to UK only. Export prices on application.

WW - 005 FOR FURTHER DETAILS 19
HF COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVERS
@Illl s
d it o
_..._.:,...r
FOR
POINT TO POINT/TRANSPORTABLE
AND
MARINE SYSTEMS
DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED TO BREST INTERNATIONAL SPECS

FULLY SYNTHESISED-10Hz or 100Hz STEPS OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE
CONTINUOUSLY TUNED-50KHz to 30 MHz AND RELIABILITY
MODES - LSB/USB/CW/AM/FSK or TELEX HIGHLY
STABILITY -±1 PART IN 107/°C COMPETITIVE PRICES
TUNING -SPIN WHEEL or DECADE WORLD WIDE AGENTS NOW
POWER SUPPLIES -110/240 A.C. and 24V D.C. BEING ESTABLISHED
SEND FOR TECHNICAL BROCHURES TO:
VIGILANT COMMUNICATIONS LTD, UNIT 5, PONTIAC WORKS, FERNBANK ROAD, ASCOT, BERKS, ENGLAND
TELEPHONE: (0344) 885656 TELEX: 849769 VIGCOM G
TIME WRONG?
-
MSF CLOCK is ALWAYS CORRECT never gains or loses, SELF
SETTING at switch -on, 8 digits show Date, Hours, Minutes and
Seconds, auto GMT/BST, leap year and parallel BCD (includ-
ing Weekday) output, receives Rugby 60KHz atomic time sig-
BLUE L.E.D's nals, built-in antenna, 1000Km r ng e, TIME RIGHT, £69.60.

60KHZ RUGBY RECEIVER, as in MSF Clock, serial data output for
computer, etc, decoding details..and ZX81 listing for LOCAL,
This revolutionary New GMT and SIDEREAL time, £22.20.
200KHz Converter, for any Medium Wave receiver, £19.80.
Blue LED, the ESL 50B2, from Signal Generator, 10Hz-200KHz, sine, square, £19.70.
Anglia Components is a 10-150KHz Receiver £19.40, Antenna Noise Bridge £18.60.
Each fun -to -build kit (ready made, to order) includes all parts,
miracle of scientific tenacity printed circuit, case, instructions, postage, etc, discount offer,
previously thought to be money back assurance so GET yours NOW.
light years away. CAMBRIDGE KITS
45 (WL) Old School Lane, Milton, Cambridge. Tel: 860150
Its applications in science
and industry are unlimited.
Development
quantities are
available
el) OUTLINE
SPECIFICATION r RADFORD,'
ex stock
Package: Ti i case
Audio Measuring Instruments,
Emission Audio Amplifiers, Loudspeakers and
Wavelength: 490 n Metres
Loudspeaker Components for the
Light
professional and enthusiast
COMPONENTS Output: 2.0 m.c.d. at 12 mA
Forward
THE PARTS YOU NEED Voltage: 7.5 volts RADFORD AUDIO LTD.
- fast! 10 BEACH ROAD
WESTON-S-MARE, AVON BS23 2AU
Burdett Road, Wisbech, Cambs, PE13 2PS
Telephone 0945 63281 Telex 32630 ANGLIA G TEL. 0934 416033

METER PROBLEMS?
137 Standard Ranges in a variety of

sizes and stylings available for 10-
14 days' delivery. Other Ranges and
special scales can be made to order.
Full Information from:

HARRIS ELECTRONICS (London)
138 GRAY'S INN ROAD, W.C.1 Phone: 01-837 7937
Telex: 892301 HARTO G
PRINTED CIRCUITS ISYOUR TRMS

FOR WIRELESS WORLD
Audio compressor/limiter-Dec. 1975-1 s.s. (stereo)
Cassette recorder-May 1976-1 s s
PROJECTS
£4.25
£5.00
DMM RUNNING A
Audio compander-July 1976-1 s.s.
Audio preamplifier -November 1976-2 s.s.
Additional circuits -October 1977-1 s.s.
Stereo coder -April 1 977-1 d.s. 2 s.s.
E4.25
£8.50
£4.00
£8.50
TEMPERATURE?
Low distortion disc amplifier (stereo) -September 1977-1 s.s. . . £2.00 The answer is almost certainly no, unless you've got
Low distortion audio oscillator -September 1977-1 s.s. £3.50 your hands on a brand new Keithley 132C.*
Synthesized f.m. transceiver-November 1977-2 d.s. 1 s.s. ... £12.00
The latest addition to a trend -setting range of
Morsemaker-June 1978-1 d.s. £4.50
Metal detector -July 1978-1 d.s. £3.75 handheld units from Keithley Instruments, the
Oscilloscope waveform store -October 1978-4 d.s. £18.00 132C is a 31/2 digit meter with TRMS, TEMP and
Regulator for car alternator -August 1978-1 s.s. £2.00
Wideband noise reducer -November 1978-1 d s £5.00 0.25% DCV accuracy.
Versatile noise generator -January 1979-1 s.s. £5.00 Key features include
200MHz frequency meter-January 1979-1 d.s. £7.00
High performance preamplifier -February 1979-1 s.s. £5.50 AC and DC amps from 1µA resolution to 2 amps
Distortion meter and oscillator -July 1979-2 s.s. £5.50 full scale
Moving coil preamplifier -August 1979-1 s.s. £3.50
Multi-mode transceiver -October 1979-10 d.s. £35.00 Ohms from 100m12 resolution to 20M!2
Amplification system -Oct. 1979-3 preamp 1 poweramp . £4 20 each DC Volts (±0.25% reading + 1 digit)
Digital capacitance meter -April 1980-2 s.s. £7.50 TRMS AC Volts frcm 45- 500Hz range
Colour graphics system -April 1980-1 d.s. £18.50
Audio spectrum analyser -May 1 980-3 s s £10.50 (± 1% reading + 9 digits)
Multi -section equalizer -June 1980-2 s.s. £8.00 Temperature Range: -20°C to +150°C
Floating -bridge power amp- Oct. 1980 - 1 s.s. (12V or 40V) .
_
£4.00 (±3% + 1 digit), 150°C to 1370°C (±3% of
Nanocomp 6802 or 6809 - Jan., July, 1981 - 1 d.s. 1 s.s £9.00 reading), Type K non -linearized, 1°C resolution
Cassette interface - July, 1981 - 1 s.s £1.50
-
Eprom programmer - Jan., 1982 1 d.s £4.50 For more information get in touch now. You'll find it
-
Logic probe Feb., 1981 -2 d.s £6.00 pretty hot stuff!
Modular frequency counters - March, 1981 -8 s.s. £20.00
Opto electronic contact breaker (Delco) - April, 1981 -2 s.s £4.00 'Model t 32F available fcr those requiring fahrenheit scales
CB synthesiser - Sept. - 1 d.s. f6.00 Keithley Instruments Ltd
-
Electronic ignition - March, 1982 1 s.s' £4.00
KEITH LEY 1Boulton Road Reading Berkshire RG2 ONL
Boards and glassfibre roller -tinned and drilled. Prices include Telex 847047
VAT and UK postage. Airmail add 30%, Europe add 10%. In-
surance 10%. Remittance with order to:
M. R. SALIN, NANCARRAS MILL, THE LEVEL
CONSTANTINE, FALMOUTH, CORNWALL
$0734 861287

GOULD OSCILLOSCOPES SETA HIGHER STANDARD
MODE
-
Va,
j.:Ht Dula CH2
-Y Atltl Sbfln Tre Level Var
çr..
ti
w
.
A+
....
y a ::. ht Y .,' yJk,-

2' 2
A
50 S
1 4 _ .
s l . Zr 1
a- :,v. 10 2 . ..
Ext Tri*
nie
afford! *
!!d!530
A tough, professional instrument you can trust-at a price you can
Max. sensitivity 2mV/cm. *
Stepped and continuously
Dual Trace 20MH:"Sccope
variable attenuatorand timebase controls. *D.C. coupled triggering
and "active" T.V. sync separator. *'Add' and 'Invert' for differentil
si> GOULD
measurements. *X -Y facility. Built to do more-safely, reliably and Electronics & Electrical Products
for longer. Gould Instruments Division
Ask for our 8 -page data sheet for full details and applications Roebuck Road, Hainault, Ilford, Essex IG6 3UE.
Telephone: 01- 500 1000.Telex: 263785
information.
10619
BROADCAST ONITOR RECEIVER 150kHz-30MHz
We have taken the synthesised all mode FRG7700M communications receiver

and made several well -thought-out modifications to provide a receiver for re-
broadcast purposes or checking transmitter performance as well as being suited
to communications and news gathering use.
PRINCIPAL MODIFICATIONS: Radically redesigned front end stages yielding
**
improved noise figure and overload levels. TOIP -2dBm (originally -21dBm)
Flat audio frequency response on both AM and SSB
Balanced audio line output
Lower AM distortion
*
Buffered IF output for monitoring transmitted
*
THE COTSWOLD modulation envelope on an oscilloscope Mains safety improvements. *
The receiver is available in free standing or rack mounting form and all the
"BUDGET RANGE" OFFERS original features are retained: 12 memory channels, mains or battery operation
BUILT-IN QUALITY COUPLED option, IF bandwidths 2.7kHz, 6kHz, 12kHz, digital frequency and time display,
timer for unattended recordings or external switching, advanced noise blanker,
TO A RELIABLE all modes including NBFM with squelch. From £347+VAT.
QELIVERY SERVICE Stereo Disc Amplifier 3 and 4
tion Chart Hecoroers stabilizer ** * *
Peak Deviation Meter Programme end Devia-
Frequency Shift Circuit Boards 10 Outlet
* *
MOST TYPES Distribution Amplifier Peak Programme Meter Illuminated Boxes, Circuit
Boards and Ernest Turner Movements.
FROM STOCK SURREY ELECTRONICS LIMITED
The Forgo, Ludo Green, Cranhslgh, Surrey CM 75G. Tel: OM 275997
INSTANT PRINTED CIRCUITS!!

Make your own - to professional standards - within minutes using
PHONE either "Fotolak" Light-sensitive Aerosol Lacquer or Pre -coated board.
No Darkroom or Ultra-violet source needed)
TELEX, WRITE
FOR DATA SHEET Fotolak aerosol £2.50 (30p) Developer £0.30 (15p)
Ferric Chloride £0.60 (45p) Acetate Sheet £0.15 (15p)
AND PRICE LIST
Copper -clad Fibre -glass Boards: Single -sided £2 ft. sq. (45p)
Double -sided £2 25 ft. sq. (60p)
Cotswold Electronics LTD. Pre -coated Fibre -glass Board:
8"x41/2"....£1.75 (25p) 16"x9" £7 (60p) 24"x18" ... £18
(£1.70)
Unit T1, Kingsville Road, Kingsditch Trading Estate, Cheltenham GL51 9NX
8"x9" £3.50 (45p) 24"x12"...£13 (£1.20) Eurocard £1.25 (25p)
Telex: 897106
Double -sided Board (all sizes) add 20%
Sales Office in U.S.A. Postage individual items in brackets. Maximum charge £2 per order.
AVEL LINDBERG INC.
Peacock Alley 116, 1 Padanaram Road, Danbury,
CT 06810 U.S.A.
203-797-8698. Telex: 710-456-9984 WHITE HOUSE ELECTRONICS
P.O. Box 19, Praa Sands, Penzance TR20 9TF
Telephone: Germoe (073-67612329
22
Amcron
INDUSTRIAL
** POWER RESPONSE
OUTPUT POWER
(CONTINUOUS R.M.S.)
* OHMS. 20
- 45KHz ± dB.
EXCESS
IN
DC
'* D.C. OUTPUT AMPS AT 100 VOLTS 2KVA.

OF
MUSCLE
1
1.5KW INTO 2.75 Ohm LOAD
OR
HARMONIC DISTORTION LESS THAN 0.05% DC-20KHz AT kW INTO 1 6
* PLUG-IN MODULES: CONSTANT VOLTAGE/CURRENT, PRECISION

OSCILLATORS.
* GENERATORS.
UNIPOLAR AND BIPOLAR DIGITAL INTERFACES, FUNCTION
AND MANY OTHERS.
* OUTPUT MATCHING TRANSFORMERS AVAILABLE TO MATCH
VIRTUALLY ANY LOAD.
* FULL OPEN AND SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION GUARANTEED STABLE
INTO ANY LOAD.
** TWO UNITS MAY CONNECTED TO PROVIDE UP TO 4kW.
INTERLOCK CAPABILITY
BE
UP TO EIGHT UNITS.
FOR
** UNITS
3 -YEAR PARTS AND LABOUR WARRANTY.
AVAILABLE FROM 100VA-12KVA.
For full details on all Amcron Products write or phone Chris Flack
Model - M600
P.O. BOX 3
ATTLEBOROUGH
NORFOLK NR17 2PF
Tel: 0953-452477
Analogue Associates PROFESSIONAL INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
ZX81 r'WICHINE (ODE

ZX.ASZMIC rom transforms ZX81 into an
Assembly Language programming unit
a FULL -SCREEN EDITOR

Sixteen shift keys take you into a world with a word processor feel. A blink cursor
moves at your command to control insertion, rubout, line or string deletion, auto.
scroll & page flip up or down. Text block operations. Ultra -fast editing.
e MULTI -FILE SYSTEM
Declare as many files ae you like, with any names you like, & they are automatically
handled by the Operating System. Merge them, delete them, print, save & load them,
& edit them by name. Superb flexibility with a simple but powerful system.
a TOTAL ASSEMBLER
Full Z80 mnemonics, unlimited length labels, ORG & EQU directives, proper assembly
listings with errors flagged on screen or printer. Relocatable object code & options to
facilitate cross-aaoembly. Interpretive immediate execution available.
e POWERFUL DEBUG
All the usual dump, modify, fill & copy commands; plue breakpoints, single stepping,
context control, the convenience of interpretive execution mode, full use of the names ;ee44:riss4+44444444444444444440044444úF444444444444444
in your program, Command Macros, autodump, and full operating system interface.
e HI-RES GRAPHICS Cornprocsys limited
255 a 144 resolution under program control to give you truly convincing graphic..
With the power & flexibility of assembler you can really use this high definition.
I enclose £39.95.
Please rush me ZX.ASZMIC + manual
e MUCH ,MUCH MORE NA ME
Repeat function on all keys. Double height titling on printer. Lote of extras. But more Address
important than all these features, attractive though they are, I. the fact that ZX.ASZMIC
ie an integrated development system in which everything fits together to give you a tool
which can satisfy the professional programmer by simplifying all stages of the program
development procese. It is excellent for those who are taking the first steps into real Sole UK agente:- CAPITAL COMPUTERS LTD.
programming but the more expert you become the better you realise just what ASZMIC I Branch Rd, Park St, St Albana ALI 4RJ .
can do for you. If you are at all interested in machine code it will be worth your while to Phone 0727 72017. Cheques payable to COMPROCSYS/ABZMlC A/C
find out more.
WW

FOR THE SPECIAL ATTENTION OF
CAMERA FLASH GUN MOTOR DRIVE *8mm
**
CINE CAMERA
LATORS * *
CASSETTE RECORDER
PERSONAL STEREOS
CALCU-
TOYS AND ALL
HEAVY USERS OF BATTERIES
*
GENUINE OFFER THAT CAN SAVE YOU AT LEAST
£100 (SUBJECT TO USAGE)
SPECIAL AUTUMN OFFER FROM

Stotron (Bournemouth)
Distributor of High Technology Devices
e SANYO CAD NICA RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

with genuine Sanyo Multicharger. Full manufacturers' warranty.
Save on ordinary throw -away batteries by using top quality
FM/AM 1000s with Spectrum Sanyo Cadnica batteries and genuine Sanyo charger. For all
Analyser-we call it the SUPER-S high power electrical and photographic equipment.
A portable communications service monitor from IFR,
light enough to carry anywhere and good enough for
* THIS IS A SPECIAL LIMITED DURATION OFFER WITH
MAJOR SAVINGS *
most two-way radio system tests.
The FM/AM 1000s can do the work of a spectrum
analyser, oscilloscope, tone generator, deviation meter,
modulation meter, signal generator, wattmeter, voltmeter, PACK 1: Normal Price: £15.89 + P&P SPECIAL PRICE: £14.95 incl. P&P
frequency error meter-and up to five service engineers 4 HP7 (AA) N -3U 0.5Ah, plus NC 1230 MULTICHARGER
who could be doing something else!
PACK 2: Normal Price: £20.04 + P&P SPECIAL PRICE: £15.95 incl. P&P
A PRACTICAL TOP UP! 4 HP11 (C) N -2U 1.2Ah, plus NC 1230 MULTICHARGER
MM -100 MULTI -METER PACK 3: Normal Price: £20.54 + P&P SPECIAL PRICE: £16.95 incl. P&P
Simply replaces the protective lid of the FM/AM 1000s. It 4 HP2 (D) N -1U 1.2Ah, plus NC 1230 MULTICHARGER
includes a modified probe. PB -114, and a built in speaker
unit with independent volume control for audible response
to signal measurement. This practical 'top up' will perform
the following functions. FEATURES:
Sinad: Measurements for kHz 1 a) One full recharge costs less than 1/,oth penny per battery.
tone (+ 20 Hz) b) Sanyo NC 1230 Multicharger is fully B.E.A.B. approved to
Distortion: To 30% BS3456 and is safe to charge overnight.
c) Typical saving over ordinary batteries, e,g. Tape Recorder:
DC Volts: Up to 300 volts and up to
800 volts when the X10 probe is used After 50 charge After 100 charge After 300 charge
AC Volts: 600 VRMS maximum for frequencies between discharge cycles discharge cycles discharge cycles
25 Hz and 25 kHz PACK 1 £32 £64 £192
Ohms: Using the modified probe, part number PB -114, PACK 2 £40 £80 £240
Ohms can be measured on scales X1 to X10 K PACK 3 £22 £44 £132
% AM Measured on the RF signal applied to the
FM/AM-1000 unit Even greater savings attainable in very high consumption
equipment
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES d) Expected minimum life 500 cycles or five years
A choice of R.F. power attenuators and protective e) Totally leakproof and simple to use
carrying cases.
ORDER WITH CONFIDENCE FROM:
For further information contact Mike Taylor
Fieldtech
Heathrow Ltd.
Stotron (Bournemouth)
Fieldtech Huntavia House
420 Bath Road 20/22 POOLE HILL, BOURNEMOUTH
Heathrow West Drayton
Middlesex UB7 OLL DORSET BH2 5PS
Tel 01-897 6446 STATE PACK NUMBER WHEN ORDERING
Telex 23734 Private Customers: CHEQUE/P.O./CASH
IFR precision simulators FLDTEC G
Trade Customers: TELEX 417280 RONTEC
WW - 028 FOR FURTHER DETAILS WW - 047 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

WAREHOUsCOMPUTER
t e ,IijIl+4 - t'I J J e I1'
COMPUTER 'CAB'
DISK DRIVES DISTEL ©
Diablo/DRE Sari» 30 2.5 mb. fully refurbished DEC RK05
The UK's FIRST free of charge, 24 hr. public
access data base. Get information on 1000's
All in one quality computer cabinet
with integral switched mode PSU.
Mains filtering and twin fan cooling.
Originally made for the famous
media and software compatabla Front IoadE5S0. DEC PDP8 computer system costing 1000's of pounds,
Top IoadE295. of stock items and order via your computer and designed to run 24 hours per day. The PSU Is fully
PSU for 2 drivesEl25. and credit card. On line now, 300 baud. screened and will deliver a massive +5v DC at 17 amps,
CCITT tones, full duplex, fully interactive. +15v DC at 1 amp and -15v DC at 5 amps. The unit is fully
Diablo -Dra 44A-4000A or 4000B 10 mb 5+5 removable enclosed with removable top lid, twin fan cooling, mains
pack new and refurbished from £995. filtering, trip switch, 'power on' and 'run' LED's, aluminium
CDC 80 mb removable pack DEC RM03 media and software DON'T MISSALL front panel and rear cable entrys. Give your system that
compatible brand new fromf2,950. NOW, IT'SAFRIEE! professional finish for onlyE49.95 + £9.50 carr.- Dim. 19"
wide 16"deep 10.5" high. Usablearea 16" w.10.5" h.11.5" d.
Honeywell 5+5 10 mb drivesE/SO good s/h condition
For more information on controllers, expansions and ready to
go sub systems contact sales office.
01-6831133 Units are in good but usedcondition 240 or 110 v working
completewith data Large stocks of PDP 8 spares- enquire.
COOLING FANS
Keep Your"Hot Parts" cool and reliable with our
range of professional fana
ETRI 99XU01 Miniature equipment fan 240
vac working DIM 92 x 25 mm BRAND NEW
complete with finger guard. Makers price £16
our prlceU9.95
es', DISK Dunbelievable
value the DRE 7100 & 7200 6,.

disk drives utilise the finest technology to
give you 100% bus compatabiiity with most drives available today, the only difference
9" Monitors
DT10 Monitor
a complete
MOTOROLA 9"
video monitor
housed in
SMILER 69.11.22 micro miniature 8-16 v DC & 7200 an attractive metal
reversible fan. Measures only 62 x 62 x 22 mm. being our PRICE and the superb manufacturing quality. The 7100 single sided case DIM approx
Uses a brushiess DC servo motor almost silent double sided drive accept hard or soft sectoring IBM or ANSI standard giving a
BASF, 10" deep 16" wide and 11"
running ideal portable equipment, life in excess massive 0.8 MB (7100) & 1.6 MB (7200) of storage. Absolutely SHUGART,
high. The monitor has a 75 ohm composite
of 10,000 hours BRAND NEW manufactures SIEMENS etc compatable. Supplied BRAND NEW with user manual and 90 day
price £32.00 our prlceEl2.95 warranty. video input with a bandwidth of 18 mhz. A
MUFFIN/CENTAUR cooling fans DIM 120 x 7100 single sided £225.00 + 9.50 + vat separate internal PSU delivers 5v dc for
120 x 38 mm tested ex equipment 240v £6.25 ... £295.00 +9.50 carr + vat external use and 12 v DC forvideo monitor.The
115v£495+p&p£1.90 7200 double sided case has sufficient room inside for mounting
full technical manual £20.00 alone£9.00 with drive, refund of difference on purchase
KOOLTRONICS Powerful snail type blower other units such as 5" disk drives etc. Internal
gives massive air movement with centrifugal of drive pots give full control over all monitor functions
rotor DIM as a cube 8" x8" x 6"air aperture 2.5" x SHUGART s/h 800-2 8" Drive's 110v 50Hz motorE160 +£9.50 carr. Supplied in a tested, as new or little used
2.5" with flange fixing.BRAND NEW 110v 50Hz
Removed from working equipment but untested. SA120 Alignment disKsE9.95 condition.240vAC operation£55.00 Carriage
ac working ON LY E9.9$ + £ 1.90 p&p
and Insurance £ 10.50
11 MOTOROLA 9" open chassis monitor.
Standard 240 v AC with composite 75 ohm
SUPER SCOOP I/O TERMINALS
FROM £ 193 + CAR. + VAT
,rlorkl\ video input bandwidth in excess of 18 mhz
Monitors are ex equipment and although
CENTRONICS 739-2
The "Do everything Printer" at price that will NEVER be
a
Fully fledged industry standard ASR33 data
terminal. Many features including ASCII
unguaranteed they are all tested prior to
despatch, and have no visible burns on the
repeated Standard Centronics interface, full graphics, 4 type keyboard and printer for data I/O auto data screens Dim approx 9" x 9" x 9". Supplied
fonts with high definition & proportional detect circuitry. RS232 serial interface 1 10 complete with mains and input lead Ideal
spacing for word processor applications, 80-132 baud 8 bit paper tape punch and reader for ZX81 etc or giving the tele back to the familyll
columns, single sheet roll or sprocket paper handling plus off line data preparation and ridiculously Black and White phosphorE35.00 + £9.00 Carr.
much more.Availableonlyfrom DISPLAY ELECTRON ICS ata cheap and reliable data storage. Supplied in
ridiculous price of onlyE299.00 good condition and in working order SEMIRC1OpNDUCTOR
Options: carriage & insuranceil0.00 SAVE Options: Floor standE /2.50 +VAT
Interface Cable E 10.00 KSR33 with 20ma Poop interfaceE/25.00 +
Mixed Semis amazing value contents
RS232 ConverterE45.00 £250 Sound proof enclosure E25.00 + VAT include transistors, digital, linear, I.C.'s
triaca, diodes, bridge recce, etc. etc. All
SOFTY 2 MAINS FILTERS r-RECHARGEABLE devices guaranteed brand new full spec
with manufacturer's markings, fully
guaranteed, 50+E2.95 100+0.15
The amazing SOFTY 2. The complete"toolkit" Professional type mains filters as used by BATTERIES TTL 74 Series A gigantic purchase of an
for the open heart software surgeon. Copies,
Displays, Emulates ROM, RAM and EPROMS those unnerving hang ups and data glitches -
"Main Frame" manufacturers. Ideal for curing
CYCLON type D001 sealed lead acid "across the board" range of 74 TTL
series I.C.'s enables us to offer 100+
fit one now and cure your problems maintenance free 2v 2.5 ah. will deliver mixed "mostly TTL" grab bags at a price
of the 2516, 2532 variety. Manyotherfeatures Suppression Devices SA5A over 300 amps on short circuit! Brand new
include keyboard, UHF modulator. Cassette upto5ampload E5.95 which two or three chips in the bag
interface etc Functions exceed capabilities of at onlyE2.95 would normally cost to buy. Fully
Corcom Inc F1886 up to 20 amp load E9.50 SAFT VR2C size 'C' 1.2v 2 ah. nickel
units costing 7 times the price! Only `Corcom Inc F1900upto30 amp load £12.25 guaranteed all I.C's full spec 1 00+E6.90
£169.00 pp £ 1.95 Data sheet on request LcadmiumEl.50 each 10 forEl I.500 200+E12.30 300+E19.50
RCA FULLY CASED D.C. POWER SUPPLY SPECIALS

Experimentors PSU Ex -GPO unit all silicon electronics. Outputs give +5v16ox120x
@ 2 amps.
300 BAUD
ASCII CODED KEYBOARDS +12v@800ma.-12v@800 ma. +24v@350 ma. 5v@5p ma. floating. Dim
350 mm. All outputs fully regulated and short circuit proof. Removed from working
DATA MODEMS
Join the communications revolution with our
equipment, but untested. Complete with circuit. Transformer guaranteed. Only standard EX GPO 2a/b data MODEMS.
£14.50 +£2.50 pp Modem operates on standard CCITT tones
POWER ONE CPI43 super compact unit giving continuous output of 5v @ 5 amps. with full auto answer facilities. Will switch to
dim. 215 x 67 x 80 mm. BRAND NEW and guaranteed OnlyE2l.00 + £1.50 pp. ANSWERorORIGINATE. Standard RS232 Vo
CUSTOM POWER C055 5v @ 3 amp. Very compact unit dim. approx 60 x90 x 190 mm. connections. Ideal networks DISTEL etc.
IDEAL Semi open chassis, full crowbar overvoltage protection. Tested Ex Equipment. Complete with data Untested but good
TANGERINE MO ETC, E11.95+p £1.25 conditionE55.00 cary. £8.50.
MINI SYSTEM PSU Ex equipment unit ideal for the small micro. Outputs give 5v @
Straight from the USA made by the world amp and -12v @ 300 ma. Crowbar overvoltage protection and
famous RCA Co" the VP600 Series of cased
freestanding keyboards meet all requirements
3 amps +12v @ 1
current limit. Fully tested. Dim 70 x 165 x 320 mm. Complete with CircuitonlyEl2.95
+ £2.00 pp.
1200 BAUD
of the most exacting user, right down to the
PERIPHERAL SYSTEM SUPPLY. Fully cased unit supplied in a Brand new or little
DATA PUMP MODEMS
price! Utilising the latest in switch technology. Compact unit for use with private or"Dial up
Guaranteed in excess of 5 million operations used condition Outputs give 5v @ 11 amps, "+" 15-17v @ 8 amps "-" 15-17v @ 8 amps lines Designed to work in pairs at any baud
The keyboard has a host of other features and "+" 24v @ 4 amps. All outputs are crowbar protected and the 5 volt output is fully rateupto 1200 full duplex(4wirecircuit)orhalf
regulated. Fan cooled. Supplied tested, with circuit£53.00 + £8.50 carr.
la
including full ASCII 128 character set user duplex (2 wire circuit). Features include
definable keys, upper/lower case, rollover MAIN FRAME SUPPLY. A real beefy unit designed for MINI or MAINFRAME use remote test facilities RS232 i/o lines etc.
protection, single 5V rail, keyboard impervious outputs give 5 volts @ 50 amps. +12v @ 5 amps. -12v @ 10 amps All output are fully Supplied with data in working order, but less
to liquids and dust TTL orCMOS outputs, even regulated with crowbar overvoltage protection on the 5v output Supplied with circuit case cover E65.00 + £4.50 carr.
an on -board tone generator for keypress and tested Ex -Equip. 110v AC input. OnlyE 9.95 + carr. £10.50.
feedback and a 1 year full RCA backed
guarantee. ELECTRONIC TTI
VP601 7 bit fully coded output with delayed
strobe, etc.
VP611 Same as VP601 with
£13.95 66% DISCOUNT COMPONENTS
& EQUIPMENT
Due to our massive bulk purchasing programme which enables us to bring you the
TEL3Ó
Carle
numeric pad £54.95
best possible bargains, we have thousands of I.C.'s, Transistors, Relays, Cap's, P.C.B.'s, REDUCED TO
VP506 Serial, RS232, 20MA and TTL
Sub-assemblies, Switches, etc. etc. surlplus to our requirements Because we don't Complete input output terminal with integral 8
outputwith 6 selectableBaud Rates £61,26 have sufficient stocks of any one item to include in our ads, we are packing all these hole paper tape punch and reader. Unit
VP616 Same as VP606, with items into the "BARGAIN PARCEL OF A LIFETIME" Thousands of components at
£2.34 operates at 150 baud in standard ASCII. Ideal
numeric pad giveaway prices! Guaranteed to be worth at least 3 times what you play plus we always as a cheap printer fora MICRO etc. 120
Plug and cable for VP601,VP611 £2.25 include something from our ads for unbeatable value!! Sold by weight columns, Serial data i/o. Supplied complete
Plug for VP606, VP616 £2.10 2.5kisE1.25 + pp £1.25 Skis £5.90 + pp £1.80 with data, untested, unguaranteed£65.00
Post Packing and Insurance £1.95
1 OkIsE10.25 + pp £2.25 20k1s£17.50 + pp £4.75 + £11.50 carr.
ORDER NOW OR SEND FOR DETAILS
Minimum Credit
All prices quoted are for U.K Mainland, paid cash with order in Pounds Stirling PL US VAT. Minimum ordervalue£2.00,
Card order£ /0.00. M inimu m BONA FIDE account orders from Government depts, Schools, Universities and established
£20.00 Where post and packing not indicated please ADD Bop + VAT Warehouse open Mon -Fri 9.30
companies
-
5.30. Sat 10.15 5.30. -
E) _t....A e We reserve the right to change prices and specifications without notice. Trade, Bulk and Export enquiries welcome.
_` S C_ 64-66 Melfort Road, Thornton Heath, Near Croydon, Surrey

I 01.689 7702 -01-689 6800 Telex 27924
EP4000 "''',)!.;{'.1 ;.Z{
The microprocessor controlled EP4000 will

emulate and program all the popular
- As a slave programmer used in con-
junction with a software development
EPROMs including the 2704, 2708, 2716(3), system or microcomputer.
2508, 2758, 2516, 2716, 2532 and 2732 de-
vices. Personality cards and hardware
- As a real time EPROM emulator for
program debugging and development
changes are not required as the machine (standard access time of the emulator
configures itself for the different devices. is 300ns).
Other devices such as bipolar PROMs and
2764 and 2564 EPROMs are programmed Data can be loaded into the 4k x 8 static
with external modules. RAM from a pre-programmed EPROM, the
The editing and emulation facilities, keypad, the serial or parallel ports and an
video output and serial/parallel input/out- audio cassette. Keypad editing allows for
put provided as standard make the EP4000 data entry, shift, move, delete, store,
very flexible to allow its use in three main match and scroll, and a 1k x 8 RAM allows
modes: temporary block storage. A video output
for memory map display, as well as the
- As a stand alone unit for editing and built-in 8 digit hex display allows full use
duplicating EPROMs. of the editing facilities to be made.
Items pictured are: EP4000 Emulator BP4 (TEXAS) Bipolar PROM Programming
Programmer -
£545 + £12 delivery; -
module £190
BSC buffered simulator cable £39; - Also available (not shown): VM10 Video
MESA 4 multi EPROM simulator cable - monitor - £99; UV141 EPROM Eraser
£98; 2732A Programming adaptor - with timer - £78; GP100A 80 column
£39; 2764 Programming adaptor £64; - Printer - £225; PI100 interface for
2564 Programming adaptor £64; - EP4000 to GP100A £65. -
VAT should be added to all prices
DISTRIBUTORS REQUIRED EXPORT ENQUIRIES WELCOME

(0752) 332961
GP Industrial Electronics Ltd. Telex: 4513h
Unit E, Huxley Close, Newnham Industrial Estate, Plymouth PL7 4JN

P8000 - THE PRODUCTION PROGRAMMER
THAT HANDLES ALL NMOS EPROMS
2704
2708
2776(3)
2508
2758A
2758B
2516
2716
48016
2532
2732
2732A
68732-0
Checks, Programs, Compares up to 8 devices simultaneously
Handles all NMOS EPROMS up to projected 128K designs
with no personality modules or characterisers See list - 68732-1
Easy to use, menu driven operation for blankcheck, program,
verify, illegal bit check, checksum, self -test 68766
Constant display of device type, mode and fault codings
Individual socket LED indicators for EPROM status
Comprehensive EPROM integrity checks -Illegal bit check, 68764
data and address shorts, constant power line monitoring
Full safeguard protection on all sockets 2764
Automatic machine self -test routine
Powered down sockets
Cost effective price - £695 + VAT
2564
Available from stock
MK2164
Write or phone for more details
DISTRIBUTORS REQUIRE IIRtES WELC C E
Tel: Plymouth (0752) 332961

GP Industrial Electronics Ltd. Telex: 42513
Unit E, Huxley Close, Newnham Industrial Estate, Plymouth PL7 4JN

27
Item Item MARCONI AM/FM SIGNAL GENERATOR type
No. No. TF1066B/6S 10-470 MHZ in 5 bands £250 each.
1 HEWLETT PACKARD RMS VOLTMETER type 3400A 1mV-300V; 10HZ-I0MHZ.......£150 53 SANDERS OSCILLATOR type CLC2-4 ................................................_......................._..175 Carriage £6.
2 BOONTON SIGNAL GEN POWER AMPLIFIER type 23M 14500MHZ .........................150 B & K ELECTRONIC VOLTMETER type 2105 2HZ-2g ORHZ ............................................195
3 HEWLETT PACKARD AUDIO SIGNAL GENERATOR type 205AG .................................£25 55 GENERAL RADIO MICROWAVE OSCILLATOR type 13508 1.7-4.1GHZ......................E225 WAYNE KERR COMPONENT BRIDGE type
4
5
6
CLAUDE LYONS AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE STABILISER 2.BBKVA. Compact.
TEKTRONIX AMPLIFIER type 1121 .............................
SES ABSORPTION WATTMETER typa TG2B002-1000MHZ;
Z;
.130
.....
.........................110 1. Watts 50 ohm......f100
56
57
GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY/DISCRIMINATOR METER type 1142*. 41.5MHZ _195
HEWLETT PACKARD MEMORY DISPLAY type 5450/ with CONTROL type 54868 and B521 (CT 375) Resistance 1mOhm - 1000
MegOhm Capacitance 1pF -
100000
Two Channel Ihput type 5485A... 5000Kuf Induc-
7
a
TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type D Single Trace High Gain DC Differential__
TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type E Single Trace Low Level AC Differentral ........................fA
121) 58 GENERAL RADIO DECADE CAPACITOR 1413 with ANALOG LIMIT COMPARATOR
......................0225
tance tuff -
500kH. With copy of manual
9 TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type G Single Trace Wide Bend DC Ditterenbel .......................025
1782 and IMPEDANCE COMPARATOR 1654..........._ .............................................._...1150 ONLY £40 each. Carriage £6.
59 STODDART RADIO INTERFERENCE & FIELD INTENSITY METER type N -M 52A....1195
10 TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type L Single Trece 30MHZ High Gen ........ .._..125 60 KEITHLEY REGULATED HIGH VOLTAGE SUPPLY type 241 ._ ............ ..........1145
II TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type M4Trece DC-20MHZ......__ .__......1125 AVO VALVE TESTER type CT160 (22 valve
12
13
TEKTRONIX PWG-IN type 0 Operational Amplifier
TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type Q Transducer & Strain Gauge
.._._..
..__
.........._
_
..
.....195
.....115
61
62
BRANDENBURGH HIGH VOLTAGE GENERATOR type MR50_......_ .............................115
BRANDENBURGH HIGH VOLTAGE P. U. Model 705 Metered S-15KV.+/-._._..._1100 bases) with copy of manual £20 each. Carriage
63 BELIX POWER UNIT type CMT3W1.+/ ._..........110 £6.
14 TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type R Transistor Rise Time........ .......___ ..............£15 64 PLESSEY TELEGRAPH SIGNAL GENERATORTSGIO with TOMS type 70 Speed 50-75-
15 TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN type W Differential Comparato,. ..........................._.................1125
16 TEKTRONIX PLUG-IN e Z Differential Comparator. ............. .
85 AVO TRANSISTOR ANALYSER type CT446
17 HEWLETT PACKARD L BflIDGE rypa 1251*.........._.. îl95 86 RACAL H.F. SELECTIVE ANALYSE type 9056............_ .............................._ -............1735 with copy of manual £20 each. Carriage £6.
18 HEWLETT PACKARD AMPLIFIER type 482A ..................._..__......................._........_.LR 67
19 HEWLETT PACKARD DC CURRENT SOURCE type 61815 0-100v. 4250MA............£125 68 RACAL 600MHZ DECADE DIVIDER type 5010.
20 FAST RESPONSE RECORDER type 83020-313 channel) Brand new ............................050 140 AVO SIGNAL GENERATOR No. 2 AM/FM AM
69 RACAL AUTO FREQUENCY CONVERTOR type 8030 500MHZ .......................................120
21 HEWLETT PACKARD AUDIO OSCILLATOR type 203.1. .....................................135 70 RHODE & SCHWARZ NOISE GENERATOR SKTU BN4151/2J8011000MHZ ...............£75 0.45-225MHZ; FM 20-100MHZ with copy of
22 HEWLETT PACKARD PULSE GENERATOR Model 21M.. _
23 HEWLETT PACKARD DC MICRO VOLT AMMETER type 4256 ...........................
71 R O S UHF TEST RECEIVER BN1523284940MHZ ..........................................................130 manual £75 each. Carriage £6.
_...140 12 R & S FREQUENCY METER VHF -UHF 34300MHZ type WID BN442 ..........................110
24 HEWLETT PACKARD OSCILLOSCOPE 182A with I808A and 1825A. 75MHZ Duel 73 R & S ATTENUATOR type DPR BN18042/50 ...................................................................125
TraceDelayed Sweep ..................................................._...._._........._..._............_...._..£750 74 R & S RESONANCE
FREQUENCY METER 30-500MHZ WAN BN4312/2 ......................íS0
MARCONI COUNTER/FREQUENCY METER
25 AVO VALVE TESTER type CT160. 122 valve basest......._......_......_............_..._ ..............170 75 R & S WIDE BAND SIG GEN type SBF BN40861 10HZ-10MHZ ....................................160 TF1417/2 with Convertor type TF 2400/TM7265
26
27
AVO TRANSISTOR ANALYSER type CT446 ....................................................................120
MARCONI UNIVERSAL BRIDGE type TF868A ...............................................................íS0
76 R & S SIGNAL GENERATOR rypa SMAR BN4I23 »HZ-30MHZ ...................................í5O - 500MHZ £35 each. Carriage £6.
77 R & S CAPACITANCE RAFTER BN5201 .............................................................................130
28
29
GENERAL RADIO DIGITAL TIME & FREQUENCY METER type 1151-A.
MARCONI (SANDERS) MICROWAVE POWER METER type 6598._..._..._.................1150
..145 78 ISOLATING TRANSFORMER 240V Input 240V Output 1300 Watte ...............................CIS
79 AUTO TRANSFORMER 1.1 KVA Ph Volts 90/240 Sec Volts 115.......
TELETYPE PRINTERS KSR33
-
-
ASCII Key-
board £50. ASR 33 as above with 8 -bit Punch
30 MARCONI UHF SIGNAL GENERATORtype TF1080 ......................_..............................195 80 DC SERVO MOTOR 110V 2.5A Cont Double Shah 4 wire 4 brush. New .................. -115
31 MARCONI FM SIGNAL GENERATORtype TF1077/1 191-102.5MHZ ...........................Lì0 81 JLT TRANSISTOR A.C. VOLTAGE REGULATOR MODEL LT -1'110-2S Rating 100011 £40
and Reader £75. Carriage £5 each unit.
32 MARCONI SUPPRESSED ZERO VOLTMETER type TF1377 ...........................................115 82 WAYNE KERR AUTOBALANCE CAPACITANCE BRIDGE type 8541 ............................175
33 MARCONI VARIABLE ATTENTUATOR type TF1013A/2S ICT4211 ..........._..........._..._.170 83 PHILIPS VIDEO COLOUR TEST GENERATOR type PM5622. No case .......................£145
34 ERNST TURNER 20KV ELECTROSTATIC VOLTMETER 6 inch ........................_...._..1211 84 PHILIPS FM STEREO GENERATOR type PM6456. Separate L & R Signets Carder Frig DATA MODEM SINE & SQUARE
35 MARCONI AM/FM SIGNAL GENERATOR TF995A/3/S ICT4O2) 1.5-220MHZ............1166 +/-
100MHZ 1% RF 0/P 3mV ppk-pk ..............................................................................11 COLUNS TMX 202G WAVE AUDIO
36 MARCONI AC MILLIVOLTMETER type TF260010HZ-5MHZ: lmV-300V ..............._....195
37 B & K ACCELEROMETER PREAMPLIFIER type 2620._......_ ........................................_..£30
85 PHILIPS COMPARATOR 278KHZ .......................................................................................130
115/230V Operation GENERATOR
38 B & K DEVIATION BRIDGE type 1503...
88 PHILIPS AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC VOLT OHM METER type PM2406......................t7D
Complete with type TE -22, 20HZ-
87 B & K AUTOMATIC VIBRATION EXCITER CONTROL type 1016 ......... 130
39 B & K DEVIATION BRIDGE type 1501 _. ._.. ..£65 88 HEWLETT PACKARD DC POWER SUPPLY type 84488. 0-603 Volts 0-13 Amps .1295
..
information 200KHZ. Portable as
40 B & K MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER type 2802 ....... ....___ ..............135 89 BRANDENBURG REGULATED HIGH VOLTAGE. P.U. type 928R. 0-100010V; 0-IMA E150 ONLY £25 each new
41 B & K MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER type 2605. ONLY £35 each. P&P
. .
90 ADVANCE PULSE GENERATOR type 0 ...............................................................120 P&P £5
42 B & K BEAT FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR type 1013 ..............................._.......................195
43 8 & K BEAT AUTOMATIC VIBRATION EXCITER CONTROL type 1018 ........................150
91 GAUMONT-KALEE FLUTTER METER type 1740 ..............................................................£!0 £4
92 ADVANCE SIGNAL GENERATOR LF. type 81A I5HZ-200KHZ ......................................175
44
93 ADVANCE BATCH COUNTER type 4841 ................_...._..........................._............170
ISOLATING MULTIMETER
45 B & K FREQUENCY RESPONSE TRACER type 4707 ............._..................................1700
94 ADVANCE AUDIO SIGNAL GENERATORtype J1. 130 Russian Type 4324
18 SOLARTRON/SCHLUMBERGER SYNTH. SSB GENERATOR type SSB30 wit MOD- 96 ADVANCE SIGNAL GENERATORtype E210á(HZ-100MHZ ..........................................145 TRANSFORMER AC/DC volta; AC/DC
ULATOR MA3010HZ-32MHZ ...........................................................................................1950 96 PYE SCALAMP 40KV RMS Mu ELECTROSTATIC VOLTMETER ..................................155 240V input 240V current; ohms, etc.
47 TEXAS SILENT 700 PRINTER Model KSR733 - 300 baud ...........................................277!5 97 MT SCALAMP 20KV RMS Max ELECTROSTATIC VOLTMETER ..................................E15 Output 1300 Watts Brand new, boxed
48 BRADLEY MULTIMETER type CT471C ..............................................................................í3S 98 RANK ABENA E.H.T. METER 4301(V ...............................................................................135
£15 each. Carr. £6 112.60 emit
49 MOSELEY WAVEFORM TRANSLATOR type 101._ 99 SINE & SQUARE WAVE AUDIO GENERATOR type TE -2? IDHZ-7001(H2 ....................1ä P&P £2.50
50 HOUSTON INSTRUMENTS LOG VOLTMETER -CONVERTOR Model HLVC150...........190 100 BLACK & WHITE 20" MONITOR by IKEGAMI type PM201TS. Solid State............_..£55
51 POLARAD FIEW STRENGTH METER type FIM -B2 with RF Tuning Unit FIM -X2 7384
1 o.000M HZ ...... _ ................................................... _................... _....................................... _. 195
10% DISCOUNT ON ALL ORDERS RECEIVED
52 HEWLETT PACKARD DIGITAL VOLTMETER type 34608 with AC CONVERTER type BY SEPTEMBER 30th
PLEASE CHECK AVAIWILItY BEFORE ORDERING
3481A. +/-0.004%._ ............................................._..........._.._..................__._...............1100 COMPONENT LIST AVAILABLE SAE OR PHONE
For further details please contact
Dwayne Stewart
BARCLAYCARD (VISA) and ACCESS taken. Official orders welcome
CALLERS VERY WELCOME STRICTLY BETWEEN 9am-1pm Monda to Saturday inc.. All units f6 carriage. Plus V.A.T. on total.
NORWOOD ROAD, READING

(2nd turning left past Reading Technical
IIILFM-* TELEPHONE NO. READING 669656
College in King's Road then first right - look on rie ht
LTD
for door with "Spoked Wheel")
A REAL TIMESAVER FOR ONE -OFFS

AND SHORT RUNS
NEW STICKY TEMPLATES (Pet. Pending)
QUALITY REEL TO REEL L1. CASSETTE TAPE HEADS

FITTING A NEW TAPE HEAD CAN TRANSFORM THE PERFORMANCE OF YOUR TAPE RECORDER.
INEXPENSIVE self-adhesive clear acetate TEMPLATES especially designed to - OUR FULL CATALOGUE (PRICE 50p) ALSO INCLUDES T(IPE TRANSPORTS, DISC DRIVES,
PRE -AMPLIFIERS AND ACCESSORIES
ELIMINATE TEDIOUS MARKING OUT of panels and instrument cases when
mounting POPULAR CONNECTOR TYPES. Simply peel off protective backing and
APPLY DIRECTLY to the surface to be worked, then cut and drill to outlines and POPULAR UNIVERSAL CASSETTE HEADS TO EIAJ STANDARDS
centres shown. SAVES HOURS of work PLUS makes LINING UP MULTI - - - C21RPS18 MONO R/P
624-02 STEREO R/P
£4.62
07.66
Hole Contres 17mm Apart, 12mm From Head Face
C42RPH2O STEREO R/P SENDUST FOR
CONNECTOR ARRAYS so EASY, as vertical and horizontal centres are printed on
B24-07 STEREO R/P FOR DOLBY CHROME/METAL TAPES .. 110.67
Stickies. Will not harm existing finishes, in fact PROTECTS AREA around cut-out SYSTEMS £9.05 C42RPHO4 STEREO R/P GLASS FERRITE
and PREVENTS punches and drills skidding. INVALUABLE on LAYOUT C21ESIB MONO/STEREO ERASE THE ULTIMATE LONG LIFE,
SKETCHES and drawings too. HEAD £2.13 HIGH PERFORMANCE HEAD £13.34
POST AND PACKING 40p EX STOCK DELIVERIES, ALL PRICES INCLUDE V.A.T.
Send £5.40 incl. VAT P&P for selection pack (90 templates) or ask for leaflet,
sample and order form to:
FUTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (UK) Ltd.
15 North Avenue, London W13 8AP
Or telephone 01-991 0070 (Answerphone service)
The Monolith Electronics Co. Ltd.,
5/7 Church Street, Crawkerne.
Somerset TA18 7HR
Tel: 0460 74321.
Telex: 46308 MONLTH G.
MONOLITH
electronic products
* DISCOUNT STRUCTURE FOR MULTIPLE USERS ONLY
IPydp
4p
.
A/e 19t %
<,dpr0dk
rseo
0
d ,z900poo/
7eere%' 9e a a41'4.71o
C0
q
6yé0/3
,/y
c15e(15
qtieqaS ° '.3/b
41.4'
ess'fc' T/p!&p
£?0e
r
441.4'
lz<y.
Troe, TLW4 TOOLWALLET MEASURES 11"x14"x21/2" WHEN CLOSED. MADE
FROM REINFORCED PVC WITH A HEAVY DUTY INDUSTRIAL ZIP
os.3º
TOOLS NOT INCLUDED
28
Is,.OPUSS
SPPÈ
RGB COLOU. MONITOR
BRING YOU AN
YOUCANAFFORD
LIMITED QUANTITY
AVILABLE
FOR USE WITH
B.B.C., MICRO,
APPLE,
WITH R.G.B.
COLOUR CARD,
etc. ISOLATING
TRANSFORMERS
Specification: The VMC
22 Colour Monitor is de-
WHILE STOCKS LAST
signed to meet the high A fabulous 22 inch
reliability and perform- colour monitor.
ance standards asso- Featuring: Mullard
ciated with the games, 22 inch 110° C.C.R.T
data and computer Controls: Brightness, RGB video
colour graphics industries. amp bias, height, width, vertical
Input levels: Video-TTL compatible either +ive hold, horizontal hold, linearity,
or -ive going for RGB (IC37416 -ive going east -west correction, phase, focus,
7417 +ive going). H.T. adjust, beam cut-off switch,
Composite Sync: TTL compatible either +ive or convergence controls.
-ive going set by PCB link. Separate sync: De Gaussing: Automatic on switch on.
(Frame and line) TTL compatible +ive going =
Power requirements: 155 VAC, 44-60Hz
video response 10 MHz. 120VA (isolated suplly).
Deflection: Scanning systems, 625 line 50 Hz and Temperature: Storage -10°C to +70°C.
525 line 60 Hz Operating 0°C to 50°C.
Scan linearity: Errors less than 5%. Overall sizes: Height 40.3 cm, width 51.0
Scan geometry: Errors less than 3%. cm, depth 39.5 cm (inc. tube neck P.C.B.).
High voltage: 25KV. Weight 19 kgms.
X radiation: Less than 0.5MR/h.
have bought the complete manufacturer's production of these
Atter months of negotiation we have finally secured the computer user's dream. We price. This offer, available to readers of "Wireless
superb British made R.G.B. Colour Monitors and can offer them to you at this unrepeatable
World" also includes a FREE isolating transformer. So with a little of your time and our buying power - you can save pounds. For shipping
purposes the C.R.T. and scan coil assembly are separate from the chassis. The lugs of the C.R.T. allow it to be mounted in a standard 22" colour TV
cabinet or a unit of your own design. The unit is assembled by plugging the
wires from the chassis to the tube, soldering the input connector,
adjusted prior to packing thus simplifying assembly. A
power connector and isolating transformer. The monitor has been fully tested and
comprehensive instruction sheet will be supplied with each unit.
computer supplies company have established an enviable reputation for reliable service and value for money - so pick up your
ru opusA
telephone and discuss your supplies requirement with us.
MANUFACTURED BY OPUS IN U.K.

ATHANA PUS,
AVAILABLE FROM OUR CENTRAL WAREHOUSEI

JUST ARRIVED
FROM JAPAN:
FLOPPY DISCS DESKS
MINIS WITH FREE For business or home use -
NEC DOT MATRIX
100 c.o.:. PRINTER

PLASTIC LIBRARY CASE &
HUB RINGS * MODELS
5
AVAILABLE -
each Desk is supplied with
-
caatura twu of whit;i, have
lockable brakes
S/S S/D £17.95 for 10
OUTSELLS OKI & EPSON
IN USA
CALL FOR PRICE &
S/S D/D
D/S D/D
S/S 77 Track
£19.95 for 10
£23.50 for 10
£26.50 for 10
*
CHOOSE WITHIN
YOUR BUDGET
CREAM & BROWN
*
S/S 98 Track £28.50 for 10
DELIVERY
LOCKABLE DISC FILING

8" DISCS
S/S 5/0 £15.50 for 10
£24.50 for 10
PANELS *
CO-ORDINATING
BOXES:
To hold 40 Minis £18.00
80 Minis £21.00
S/S 0/D
0/5 D/D
HARD SECTORED AND ALL
£25.50 for 10
* DRAWER FOR DISC
STORAGE *
To hold 408" Discs OTHER DISCS AVAILABLE
80
£21.00
8" Discs * MOBILE*
DISC MAILERS:
Mini
£28.00
60p
RAM BARGAINS
PART 1 off 25-99 100 * AMPLE SPACE FOR
HARDWARE AND
DESK TOP LECTERN
ADJUSTABLE WITH
8" 9p
-
4118-200ns
4116-25001
2114-300ns
.80
.75
.85
.75
.70
.80
.88
.55
.75
PERIPHERALS *
MOVABLE CURSOR 2114-450ns .80 .75 .70
*THROUGH SHELF
2114-L-200ns
4516-100ns
BBC RAM
4184-200ns
3.10
4.80
.95 .87
2.95
4.80
.83
2.80
4.20
FOR DISC DRIVES, PAPER FEED, FILES *
8116-150na 4.20 3.95 3.50
2716-5v-450ns 2.40 2.15 2.00
SEND S.A.E. FOR YOUR FREE COLOUR BROCHURE
2718 Triple
Rail 8.00 - -
2732-450ns 3.95 3.75 3.25
2532-4500s 3.75 3.25
3.95
6080A 1.70
1.90 -
8212 1.30
1.40 - Apple 2 users 16k printer buffer card which
25 -WAY D SOLDER
ONLY £19.95 CONNECTORS
25P £1.30 each
saves your complete time. Serial and parallel
25S £1.50 each Send for spec. and price
HOW TO OTHER DEVICES AVAILABLE R.G.B. lead for B.B.C. Micro only £9.95 + VAT
PLEASE RING FOR QUOTE
ORDER
Filing Boxes/Lecturns £2; Desks £10. Please add carriage as applicable and
Carriage should be added to prices at the following rates: Monitor £10; Discs 85p; Rams 50p; Opus Supplies, 10 Beckenham Grove, Shortlands, Kent BR2 OJU. Telephone
then VAT at 15% to total and send Cheque/P.Order payable to "Opus Supplies" to Dept. W.W., If you are not completely satisfied return the goods within 14 days and your
order Hotline: 01-464 5040 124-hour service) or 01-464 1598. Access and Barclaycard accepted.
money will be refunded.
1,9
TRADE ACCOUNTS OPERATED - GOVT. AND EDUCATIONAL ORDERS WELCOMED

The AVO 2000 Series is the hand
held dmm range you'd design for
yourself, incorporating a combina-
tion of design features unmatched
by any manufacturer in the UK.
There are direct entry prod
facilities which, combined with the
weight and size of the instruments,
allow for true one -handed
operation. The 31/2 digit LCD is
located at the base of the instrument
to make the most of the available
light. And positive slide switches
are incorporated to give simple,
dustproof, range selection.
The lead set is fully shrouded at
both plug and socket end for
improved safety and there is a special
hook for PCB testing in the
standard set. Heavy duty test leads
are also available. The 2000 Series
incorporates a three position stand,
non slip safety pads and can be
supplied in either a 'Test and Carry'
case or a 'Walk and Work' harness.
It takes Britain's leading dmm
manufacturer to appreciate the
needs of the dmm user... worldwide.
AVO 2000 Series is the result.
Contact us or your usual distributor
for further detailed information.
AVO DI 3IMINOR 2000 AVOMETER 2001 AVO VEHICLE TEST 2002

An ideal tool for maintenance Features a socket specifically Designed with co-operation
applications. An economically for current testing. from a world leader in vehicle
priced instrument with Comprehensive ranges, with manufacture and service.
a specia buzzer socket for unit and mode displayed on Accessory kit allows
simple ontinuity testing LCD. Ensures a valid current temperature and charging
without reference to the measuring mode is selected - current testing. Heavy duty
display. any discrepancy is signalled test leads and comprehensive
by an alarm. handbook available.
1 The test of ability

THORN EMI Instruments Limited
THORN EMI
Archcliffe Road, Dover, Kent CT17 9EN. Telephone: 0304 202620. Telex: 96283 WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982
30
wireless
world
Editor
PHILIP DARRINGTON
01-661 3128
Deputy Editor
Wiring technology of the past
GEOFFREY SHORTER, B.Sc.
01-661 8639
In the aftermath of Hunt it will be economic fibre solution.
Technical Editor important to keep the technical options It would be a tragic waste of the
MARTIN ECCLES open according to John Butcher MP, opportunity offered by a two-way switched
01-661 8638 Under Secretary of State for industry, broadband system if we were to allow this
speaking to the Television and Radio cabling to be dictated by the needs of
Industries Club. He was referring to the entertainment broadcasting or
News Editor narrowcasting alone. The varied facilities
DAVID SCOBIE choice of system architecture by potential
01-661 8632 -
cable system operators tree or multi - of a combined telecommunication and
star. Taken at face value, this may sound a broadcast network, preferably digital, with
flexible policy. exciting possibilities of computer -based
Drawing Office Manager A tree structure is suited to broadcast interactive services in business and in
ROGER GOODMAN learning, could act as a lubricant for
distribution; it evolves outwards to feed
additional customers by sub-division of its efficiency and national well-being, now
Technical Illustrator branches. Coaxial cables are the natural and in the foreseeable future. The
BETTY PALMER choice for tree structures where up to 30 technology is advancing rapidly;
channels per cable can be tapped off. But development is still in hand on certain
as a recently issued NEC report* points out aspects, and many relevant standards have
Advertisement Manager in a 20 -year look ahead, they have a very yet to be internationally agreed. There is
BOB NIBBS, A.C.I.I. thus a danger, says the NEC study, that by
01-661 3130 limited capability of providing two-way
switched services involving wideband moving too fast, the UK could go it alone
signals. and lose out on export markets.
BARBARA MILLER An alternative based on a multi -fibre The opportunity both at home and
01-661 8640 tree structure would be very expensive in abroad may not be realised. On the same
terms of optical switching and connectors. occasion, John Butcher said BT and its
Northern Sales
-
But a multi -star fibre arrangement akin competitors may have to adopt "an
HARRY AIKEN -
to the current telephone network would evolutionary approach rather than set off
061-872 8861 allow an unlimited number of one-way with a state-of-the-art switched interactive
channels to be accessed. And more system, with the high initial costs involved
importantly for the future the and the risk that the technical
Midland Sales configuration readily provides full two- breakthroughs may not take place in time
BASIL McGOWAN way capability; there is no need for to justify the confidence of investors."
021-356 4838 As the Guardian report of 30th
encryption, and administration of charging
for television channels is simpler. September confirmed, this means
Classified Manager If a network is required quickly, reliance on coaxial cable feeds rather than
BRIAN DURRANT available technology and economics will optical fibres .. .
01-661 3106
favour coaxial cables rather than optical
fibres. But a decision in favour of large- *Report of the Working Party on Technological
IAN FAUX scale use of fibre would, says the NEC Opportunities in Broadcasting, National Electron-
01-661 3033 working party, in itself create a more ics Council 1982
Production
BRIAN BANNISTER
(Make-up and copy)
01-661 8648

INTERFACING
THE NANOCOMP
The popular Nanocomp microcomputer interface can be expanded by adding further p.i.a.
devices and by connecting the interface board described in the October 1981 issue.
For the Nanocomp microprocessor to pass by R. Coates two to access the 16 internal resisters. The
information to and from additional devices peripheral side connections are identical to
it is necessary to bring out connections the 6821. Further details of the 6522 can
from its three buses. The eight data bus control lines, 74LS244s can be used as be found in the Interfacing Microproces-
lines are of course needed as these are used these bus lines are outputs only. Each de- sors articles*; a copy of the manufacturers
in the transfer of data to and from the vice can buffer eight lines, but the precise data sheet is also recommended.
peripheral devices. Some address lines number required depends on the applica-
may also be required; for instance, the tion.
G821 needs AO and A 1 to select its internal The easiest place to make the bus Cuban interface board
registers. An address decoding signal will connections on the Nancomp is on the Although analogue -to-digital converters
also be required to position the device at an underside of the processor socket, with for analogue input signals and digital-to -
appropriate place in the processor's connecting leads as short as possible. Pin analogue converters for generating anal-
memory map. On the Nanocomp, the numbers of the relevent bus lines are given ogue outputs could be connected either to
74LS138 decodes addresses; fortunately in Fig. 4. the p.i.a. or directly to the Nanocomp bus,
there are four outputs spare (five on the a neater solution by way of the interface
6809) so these can be used to select this Adding an additional p.i.a. board described in the October 1981 issue.
number of peripheral devices. A further p.i.a. is the simplest expansion Designed for 6500 -based systems, it is
The addresses of the outputs of the that can be made: a fairly useful one as well equally suitable for the Nanocomp. The
74LS138 are given in Fig. 1. The outputs as being cheap. The original chip served a facilities provided are a 6522 v.i.a, a 16-
are normally at logical 1, but go to 0 for the triple purpose of driving the display and
second half of the processor cycle if the * October 1981, pages 34-9, November, pages
reading the keyboard, as well as being 59-62 and December, pages 71-5.
microprocessor generates an address in the available externally. This meant certain
ranges indicated. limitations in its use; if more than eight
Although it's possible with these proces- uncommitted lines were required for exter-
sors to address up to 65,536 different nal use, the keyboard and display could Table 1. A -D conversion, channel INO
memory locations this is far more than can not be used as part of the user program. LDS #$1OFF Initialize stack
be used on a simple device like the Nano - Adding a second p.i.a. means that this one pointer
comp; so some of the address lines are is completely free, leaving the original to STAA $6010 Start conversion,
ignored in the decoding logic. Conse- cope with the keyboard and display. channel INO
quently the address range occupied by a LDAA #$10 Wait for 100µs
Fig. 5 gives the connections associated LOOP DEC A
particular device may be more than re- with the 6821 p.i.a. One the bus side, all BNE LOOP
quired. For instance, the on -board p.i.a. connections except 'chip select' input is LDAA $6010 Get conversion data
requires four consecutive memory loca- taken to the equivalent pin on the 6802/S
tions given as 4000-4003. But because of SWI Do software inter-
chip; the 'chip select' input is taken to any rupt
the partial address decoding, it will res- one of the spare address decoding outputs
pond to all addresses in the range 4000- of the 74LS138. And that is the p.i.a.
4FFF, the four -byte sequence repeating connected; Addresses of the various in- Table 2. D -A Conversion
itself 1024 times. ternal registers are in the same sequence as
Similarly, the maximum address that the original, but the base address will de- LDAA #$80 Load accumulator
can be used is 7FFF and not FFFF as with desired value
pend on the 74LS138 output used. STAA $6020 Store in D-A
would be expected, as the most significant JMP $7097 Return to monitor
address line (A15) is not used. So each of
the outputs corresponds to a 4096 byte 6522 versatile interface adapter
block in the memory map. An alter..edve to the 6812, more powerful Table 3. Voltage tracker
The spare outputs should be adequate but just as simple to connect, is the 6522
for most purposes but if more are required START STAA $6010 Start conversion,
versatile interface adapter. Although an channel INO
a second or further 74LS138 can be added upgraded version of the 6821, it is not LDAA #$10 Wait for 100 µs
to split down one of the original outputs manufactured by Motorola, but is one of LOOP DEC A
into eight, the connection details being the 6500 microprocessor family from MOS BNE LOOP
given in Fig. 2. LDAA $6010 Read add
Technology. Normally, mixing devices STAA $6020 Store value in
A word of warning though: the proces- from one manufacturers processor family BRA START And repeat
sor cannot drive a limitless number of peri- with another can lead to problems; bus
pheral devices without buffering. Between structures and timing are usually quite
seven and ten devices is the maximum, and different. Fortunately, the 6500 family are Table 4. VIA Test
there are four on the original board. If this based on the 6800, the 6502 microproces-
figure is likely to be exceeded then all bus LDAA #0 Set port A as
sor being a scaled down version of the inputs
lines brought out should be buffered. Re- G800, and therefore peripheral devices in STAA $6003 (all bits to 0)
ferring to Fig. 3, the data bus can be buf- the two families are completely inter- LDAA #$FF Set port B as
fered with a single 74LS245, a bidirectio- changeable. outputs
STAA $6002 (all bits to 1)
nal buffer, the direction being controlled Circuit connections to the 6522 are LOOP LDAA $6001 Read port A
by the read-write line. For the address and shown in Fig. 6; the only difference is that STAA $6000 Store in port B
control lines, 74LS244s can be used as four address lines are required instead of BRA LOOP And repeat

iO 74LS138 OUTPUTS
Q3 8us buffers OMPU bus connections
Address range Use
R/W
YO 15
0000 - OFFF{onspore16809)chipraml68021 20 Name 6802 6809
14 18 DIR Vcc 2
13
1000-1FFF 2114 rams
17 3
2000-2FFF spare á DO 33 31
12
IC 16 4 D1 32 30
3000-3FFF spare
29
(IC8) 11
E 15 5 D2 31
10
4000-4FFF p.i.a. E 14 6 ó D3 30 28
5000-5FFF spare e D4 29 27
9
6000-6FFF spare
13 7 ñ D5 28 26
7 12 8 á 27 25
D6
7000-7FFF eprom
11 9 D7 26 24
D O` AO 9 8
Gnd
9 10
Al 10 9
A2 11 10
OZ Connections for second 74LS 138 A3 12 11
A4 13 12
Data bus buffer -74LS245 A5 14 13
A6 15 14
16 116
A7 16 15
15
A11 Vcc x000-x1FF A8 17 16
2
A10 B
0 14
x200 -x 3FF A9 18 17
13
\kc 18 A10 19 18
A9 x400 -x6FF 19
A11 20
12
x600 -x 7FF 4 16
Al2 22 20
11
x800 -x 9FF a
6 14
A13 23 21
10
xA00 -x FF
8 12 A14 24 22
IC9 (I[8) 02A
9
x 00-xDFF E 11 9 A15 25 23
o. p. Y1 e 7 E 37 34
G2B Gnd
}7 xE00 -xFFF
13
15 5
VHA 5 -
R/W 34 32
l5 J8 512 byte blocks 17 RST 40 37
2 EN EN IRO 4 3
Io 1,9
0 PIA Connections (6821)
Address/control bus buffer -74LS244
f22 120 24
38
CSO Vcc CS1
40 ® VIA Connections (6522)
IRQ
IRQA CA1
3
already used by the Nanocomp. The block
37
IRQB CA2 switch is the most significant digit in the
23 PAO
Chip select CS2 four digit hex address, but remember, as
5
4
A15 is not used in the Nanocomp, only
E
6
20 24 positions 0-7 may be used. The page
Vss CS
RST
4
RST 21
switch is the next most significant digit of
IRO. IRQ
8 23 the address.
21
R/W Chip select CS2
R/W P 9
E
25 In the examples given later, the board is
DO
33
P
10
RST 34
RES assumed to be at 6000-60FF, which means
32 11
R/W 22
R/W block =6 and page =0.
31
30 13 A
38 RSo
As the address setting is unlikely to be
29 14 37 changed, wire links could be used instead
28 15 36 of the block and page switches, but note
35
27 16 RS3 when working out which selector lines are
D7 26 D7 PB7 17
Vss 0 or 1 the 74LS136 is an exclusive -or gate,
AO 35 18
36
RS1 CB1 and not an exclusive nor -gate as shown in
A1 R SO C82 Bus side Data bus and the circuit diagram.
SS peripheral side as 6821
Power for the interface board can be
Bus side Peripheral side
1
taken from the original power supply but
the extra load will cause an increase in heat
dissipation and ventilation should be ade-
decide what is a memory address and what quate. A larger heat -sink may be required
channel analogue-to-digital converter and
is irrelevant data, the valid -memory - for the regulator.
a single digital -to-analogue converter.
address signal from the processor is used. The interface board will clearly not fit
Connection is mainly a matter of taking
This line will only be at a 1 -level if the inside the original Nanocomp case, but a
the appropriate bus connections shown on
address bus contents are a valid memory deeper case, RS number 509-276, will
the interface board circuit diagram to the
address. This signal must therefore be accept both boards. As the front panel
appropriate pin on the Nanocomp proces- sizes are almost identical, the original front
sor chip; Fig. 4 shows the pin numbers. gated into the address decoding circuitry
to prevent spurious accesses to the in- panel can be used with a little modifica-
But note several points. Number 02 corre-
terface board. This only requires a simple tion.
sponds to E òn the 6802/9, NRST is the
reset line (RST), and NWDS, NRDS, modification: the track to pin 1 of 105 on
BLK on the interface board are not used. the interface board should be broken, and Driving the Cuban
One modification is required to the in- pin 1 connected to v.m.a. on the 6802, see Some sample source code programs are
terface board for use with the 6802, but Fig. 7. Later Motorola microprocessors given to show how to read an anologue
not with the 6809. Addresses can occur on such as the 6809 do not senerate these input signal, how to set an analogue output
the address bus which are not valid spurious addresses and so this modifica- level, and how to read and drive the v.i.a.
memory addresses. For instance, when an tion is not required. peripheral lines. Only the mnemonics are
INX instruction is executed, the index The interface board requires a section of given, not the machine -code, as this differs
register's contents will appear on the the memory map 256 bytes long and this in some cases between the 6802 and 6809.
address bus but this is obviously not a can be set anywhere in the memory by the First, the analogue to digital converter.
proper address. For devices on the bus to block and page selector switches that is not The ADC0817 is a 16 -channel 8 -bit anal-
r®
)-7
Break track here
ogue-to-digital converter. That is, it has 16 The program in Table 2 gives a half full- put to go high, and a zero causes the out
analogue inputs, any one of which can be scale output at the analogue output. put to go low. Data may be written into the
selected and the analogue voltage on it Changing the contents of accumulator A output register bits corresponding to pins
converted to an 8 -bit value which can then changes the output voltage. which are programmed as inputs, but in
be read and used by the microprocessor. The program of Table 3 combines the this case the output signal is unaffected.
To measure a voltage, the converter two converters by reading the analogue Reading a peripheral port causes the
must be told by the microprocessor to ini- input and setting the analogue output to contents of the input register (IRA, IRB)
tiate a conversion on a specified channel. It the same value. The program then loops to be transferred onto the data bus. The B
takes about 100µs for this particular chip back and up -dates the output contin- register operates similarly to the A regis-
to perform the conversion, so there must uously, until "reset" is pressed. A variable ter; however, for pins programmed as out-
be a wait of greater than this before read- voltage source on the input and a voltmeter puts there is a difference. When reading
ing the result. The conversion is initiated on the output should confirm correct IRA, the level on the pin determines
by the processor writing to one of the 16 a- operation. When working correctly, add- whether a 0 or 1 is sensed. When reading
d allocated memory locations (what data is ing an ASL A instruction after reading the IRB however, the bit stored in the output
written doesn't matter). The location a -d gives a voltage doubler! register ORB is the bit sensed. Thus for
written to determines the channel on outputs which have large loading effects
which the conversion takes place; 6010 and which pull an output 1 down or which
corresponds to channel INO, 6011 to chan- Versatile interface adapter pull an output 0 up, reading IRA may
nel IN1, and so on up to channel 1N15 at The 6522 v.i.a. is similar in many respects result in reading a 0 when a 1 was actually
601F. to the 6821 p.i.a. but includes extra fea- programmed, and vice-versa. Reading
A 100µs software delay loop should then IRB, on the other hand, will read the 1 or 0
tures such as two 16 -bit timers and a shift
be entered and then the conversion result register for serial communication. To level actually programmed, no matter what
obtained by the processor reading any one access the greater number of internal regis- the loading on the pin.
of the 16 a -d addresses. ters therefore needed, the device occupies
Table 1 gives the listing of a simple To program the device, first set up the
16 consecutive memory locations, as op- direction of each line with the data direc-
program to read channel INO. posed to the 6821's four. In this example
After the software interrupt, accumula-
tion registers. DDRA is at address 6003
the addresses are 6000-600F. and DDRB at 6002. The outputs can now
tor A can be examined to determine the Consider the 16 peripheral data lines be programmed, or the inputs read at 6001
digital value proportional to the input and their programming. for port A and 6000 for port B. This is
voltage. This will be between 00 for zero Each eight -bit peripheral port has a data simpler than for the 6821 which requires
input voltage and FF for a full scale (or direction register (DDRA, DDRB) for the setting of a bit in the control register to
greater) voltage. Full scale is defined as the specifying whether the peripheral pins are
voltage across the reference input pins of determine whether access is to the direc-
to act as imputs or outputs. A logical 0 in a tion or data registers, which are at the
the ADC0817, and is set by the LM317 bit of the data direction register causes the same address.
regulator and the 100 ohm potentiometer corresponding peripheral pin to act as an
to between approximately 1.9 and 3.2 input; a 1 causes the pin to act as an out- The listing in Fig. 4 shows a simple test
volts. put. program for the v.i.a. Port A lines are all
Each peripheral pin is also controlled by inputs and port B outputs. The program
Digital -to -analogue converter a bit in the output register (ORA, ORB) continuously reads port A and stores the
Digital to analogue conversion is the re- and an input register (IRA, IRB). When data in port B, so the outputs reflect the
verse of the above, and allows the programmed as an output, the voltage on state of the inputs.
microprocessor to generate an analogue the pin is controlled by the corresponding Connecting inputs to +5V or around
voltage proportional to a binary value by bit of the output, the voltage on the pin is while monitoring the equivalent output
simply writing a binary value to the d -a controlled by the corresponding bit of the with a meter or oscilloscope should con-
converter address. output register: a logical 1 causes the out- firm correct operation. G^ñnti?

TWO-METRE TRANSCEIVER
Design of a microprocessor -controlled transceiver with l.s.b., u.s.b. and fm. simplex,
repeater and reverse modes is described with which automatic scanning of the 144 -to
146MHz band or up to nine memorized channels is possible. This first article covers
specifications, operation and the front-end module.
It was my intention from the outset of this. by T. Forrester, G8GIW

project about three years ago that the Specit+cations
transceiver described here should be versa-
tile yet uncomplicated and easy to Operation Frequency
duplicate. During the development stage As the transceiver is primarily intended for C2tritjçc 144 to 146Mhz
components became available which sim- mobile use, the number of controls are Frequency step., WOOHa or 25kHz
plified the design of the transceiver and the kept to a minimum while retaining flexibil- Frequency display -chit l.e.d. with
modular method of construction chosen ity, partly in the interests of road safety. 10011> resolution
made their inclusion a simple matter. The transceiver is turned on by the mode Tuning method up'uown buttons on
There are currently commercially available control and the appropriate mode selected au_°-ophone ut
modules which would further simplify the i
at the same time; the microprocessor starts chann_l switch
transmitter section even more, but as yet up immediately and sets the synthesizer (select memory
their cost is prohibitive. Should their price and display with the last used frequency, c nautcl)
fall to a reasonable level they may easily be after which it scans the controls. .Trientur y 9 memories
included. With the transceiver in its `normal' grsrgrarnmedd by
The prototype was constructed using mode tuning carried out using up/down pos.1 button
discrete -logic gates to control the synthe- buttons on the microphone causes the beccanned with yix
sizer and displays, etc., but it soon became synthesizer to step up or down in 100Hz or :econti hold
apparent that microprocessor control 25kHz steps. If the up or down button is Scanning :Can memory
would be advantageous. Use of a micro- kept pressed the synthesizer continues ch4rinels or sc4i
processor meant that many of the features stepping at a gradually increasing rate until band :144 to
found on commercial transceivers, and the button is released. .46MJ11nÌ wit.
some additional ones, could be incorpor- The volume control doubles as a fre- pry-rì&icn to skip up
ated at the expense of time required to quency -step selector. Pulling the knob :.o'lïi ehanneis
write 'the software, and that the number of gives 100Hz steps and, if required, the t.ní.
i.cs used could be reduced from more than s.s.b. noise-blanking facility. Steps of srtsttl-:x, repeate!-
30 to six, thus simplifying the construc- 25kHz are obtained when the volume- áí1d revers.. repeatel-
tion. control switch is in its normal position. Power .6.5CW' Litt. and
Each module has its own p.c.b. and is When scan mode is entered with the .4.0W p.e.p. s. .
housed in a screened rectangular box. Six receiver set for normal operation, i.e. not with ì3.8V suppi'
of these modules form the transceiver, one in memory mode, the transceiver scans the rpurtous outputs tester than -701íís a..
is the microprocessor circuit and the re- band and stops for six seconds on any í6.5W
maining three are the display -driver, tone- channel whose signal lifts the squelch. If 1-lartnonrc, -.c+` d3 at 288M1í?
burst and a.f.-preamplifier boards. the transceiver is taken out of the scan r'd3 at 432Mí-1
While the resulting design is not the mode during these six seconds it will re- C;atnet
ultimate by professional standards, it is main on that frequency. Pressing the skip oppression 50k114 ;v.s. tl
good value for money and is certainly com- button at this point will result in the chan- Squelch threshold ß!.e4V ts.,. ,. an.à
petitive with currently available amateur nel in question being passed over on the
transceivers. next scan of the band. The skip button Bandwidths #ri_....
t.C.>kl'lz
Sensitivity v.7t30.V p.a. tot
I?.ßl :}uieung with
-.m J.13µ V p.d.
for 11113 sin ratio
wgh s.s.b.
Receiver image
response 76dß
Third -order
intercept point
rrcceiver) -111.11.
Size 2l,r> :' ElrYiIIr
Antenna
aripeuance iti( s r,urr :
does not work when the unit is in memory

mode. To remove a channel from the list
one sets the transceiver for normal opera-
tion, tunes to the channel concerned and
presses the skip button.
This feature of being able to skip certain
channels while scanning the band has been
found to be particularly useful if one does
Components, module 1
Resistors
100, 115 100k
101, 113 10k sub -min.
z preset
102, 111, 117 10
o 103, 104 22
105 51
ô O.
I F-- 106
107
108
109
100
10k
39
2.2k
110, 112 3.3k
114 6.8k
m
115 2.7k
ó v 116 27
a w OD z 118 5k sub -
9 min. preset
VV t N
fV
O
á
O ñ
120, 121
122
123
1k
560
330
N = V I I IIO <3.2
N
u-
X
rP ú VN z
pÓ
UI
Capacitors
100 20p sub -
ó min. preset
101, 103, 104, 114,
116 1n chip
102, 106, 107, 108,
ó< m -oó'ò6öooi 110, 111: 113 10n disc
OD
105
1
109 s.00.tt.for
0
fitter, typ.
22p
Ise-oáö-6r 112 s.o.t. for
fitter, typ.
27p
Ñ 115 68p
0-
4
0
J N
s
-10060w-+
l ,p
z
O
117,125
118
119, 124
120, 121, 122
123
126
10n
56p
47p
1 nF disc
2.241
lum
tanta-
100n disc
Semiconductor devices
Tr100.102 8F981
Tr101 U309
Tri 03 2N918
Tr104 8C109
!J W, t 01 1N914
V1o, 78L05*
Mx1oo SRAH 1 *
w¡
e-'0000000 c 0001000 Vn Inductors

~-J6öó6000 i-100 5 turns of 20s.w.g., 12.5mm
tong, 7.5mm i.d., tapped at
114 turns
25 turns of 30s.w.g, on4mm
+coo ov---IH L101
dia. former tapped 4 turns
from earthy end, slug tuned
HE1o0 3-stage helical filter, part
ó number 17-10063*
W T101,102,
143 4 turns per winding, trifilar
wound with 30s.w.g.
\ o rn
0 The 9MHz crystal filter with 12kHz
bandwidth is available from IQD, 29
Ñ
Market Street, Crewkerne, Somerset.
W/ -- Components marked with an asterisk are
available from Ambit International, 200
0 North Service Road, Brentwood, Essex
w
ú Ñ C
CM14 4SG. All the resistors are 114W
000 with 5% tolerance. Telco screened boxes
Y
u J are available from West Hyde
Developments Ltd, Unit 9, Park Street
Industrial Estate, Aylesbury, Bucks
HP20 1 ET.
cex

not wish to listen to repeaters or similar channel would be annoying, if not distract- available three-stage helical filter which
stations. ing while driving a vehicle. has an ideal bandwidth for the 2 -metre
If certain favourite channels are to be band. This filter is transformed from its
memorized, it is only necessary to tune Modules nominal impedance of 5000 to 50S1 by
them in using the up -down buttons, enter Each module is numbered as follows and T101 (trifilar wound) to match the mixer
memory mode, select a suitable position in any components referred to in the circuit impedance.
the memory using the memory switch and descriptions will be preceded by the The mixer in this receive converter is
then press memory -write button. The number of the module in which they are the SRA 1H type which requires + 17 dBm
channel previously tuned to will then be used. (approximately 45mW) of local -oscillator
displayed and sent to the synthesizer. Up 1 receiver converter, 144 to 9MHz drive. This mixer has a typical third -order
to 9 channels can be memorized and, if 2 transmit converter, 9 to 144MHz intercept point of + 17dBm and a conver-
required, scanned. 3 transmit power amplifier and power sion loss of 7-8dB. To overcome this loss
When repeater mode is selected the regulators and maintain a good overall noise figure an
1750Hz tone burst is automatically turned 4 t.m.-i.f. discriminator, squelch, noise i.f. amplifier is used directly after the
on, and when the unit is set to transmit the blanking and a.f. power amplifier mixer, Tr101. To ensure that this i.f.
shifted transmit frequency is automatically 5 synthesizer logic amplifier does not overload a power f.e.t.
displayed and the tone burst operated. 6 synthesizer v.c.o. and power switching is used (third order output intercept point
Likewise for reverse repeater, the appro- 7 s.s.b. 9MHz transceiver and exciter +30dBm). An added benefit of using this
priate frequencies are displayed and no 8 microprocessor control and interfaces type of f.e.t. (U309) is that its input im-
retuning is required. 9 frequency -display driver pedance is SOSZ. It is important for the
While the operating frequency is being 10 1750Hz tone-burst generator and proper operation of a switching mixer such
changed by means of the up -down buttons receive a.f. preamplifier as the SRA1H, that the i.f. port is kept
on the microphone, a `peep' is emitted terminated with SOSZ. A 6.8pF capacitor,
from a transducer mounted inside the Units one to seven are housed in separate C105, and 51SZ, R105, resistor maintain SOS,
transceiver. This feature is useful when screened boxes measuring 160 by 50 by at high frequencies.
driving since the frequency change can be 26mm. Modules five and six share the This i.f. amplifier gives 10dB gain,
judged by counting the peeps. same box while modules 8, 9 and 10 are which is just enough to overcome the
When the transceiver is in scan mode attached directly to the transceiver chassis mixer loss, and its output is matched to the
the peep generator is disabled, as its con- and are not in screened cases. The modules 9MHz 121/2kHz crystal filter by another
tinual peeping as the synthesizer changes are described in the above order. trifilar transformer, T102. All three trans-
formers in this module are identical. Use
Receive converter
The front end of any high performance
- 1
ance when subjected to strong signals can
of a high -quality crystal filter at this point
is important as it provides all the f.m.
receive selectivity and aids the ultimate
rejection on s.s.b. Ceramic filters are
usually not good enough.
receiver is perhaps the most critical com- leave a lot to be desired. After the first i.f. filter comes a low -
ponent, with the possible exception of the To overcome these problems, a different noise i.f. amplifier using another BF981,
frequency synthesizer, so these two ele- approach to the usual configuration com- Tr102, with a tuned -drain load. Its output
ments justify extra care in design. This prising mosfet preamplifier, mosfet mixer, splits two ways; one goes directly to the
receive converter is the end result of six ceramic i.f. filter, etc., is used which gives f.m. i.f. strip and the other goes to the
months' work, and gives excellent results. excellent performance for a modest outlay. s.s.b. receiver unit through the noise -
Criteria for a good receiver, besides the Most of the cost is tied up in the mixer and blanking circuit shown at the bottom
obvious low noise figure and frequency i.f. filters. right-hand side of the diagram.
stability are good dynamic range, i.e. re- The receive converter comprises the The noise-blanking circuit is placed be-
luctance to overload and cross -modulate in usual modules, but individual parts are tween the f.m. and s.s.b. filters to restrict
the presence of strong signals, and tailored to ensure good performance. its sampling bandwidth to 121/2kHz thus
secondly good adjacent -channel rejection. The antenna it matched to the r.f. pre- preventing i.f. cross modulation from
Unfortunately most mass-produced ama- amplifier, Tr100i to obtain the best noise strong signals on nearby frequencies.
teur transceivers are built to a price, with figure for a conventional tuned circuit. Local -oscillator drive for the mixer is am-
one or two exceptions, and their perform- The r.f.-preamplifier drain load is a readily plified by a class -A amplifier using a
Analyses of transceiver performance all

use 10dB/div vertical sensitivity and 145
MHz centre frequency, except (a) which has
136.5MHz centre frequency. Synthesizer
output shows noise floor at approximately
-70dB (a), two-tone s.s.b. intermodulation
with wide sweep at 10W p.e.p. (b), extra -
band spurious signals at full power (c),
inter-band spurious signals at full power
(d), and two-tone intermodulation
distortion with narrow sweep at 10W p.e.p.
(e).

a.g.c
144MHz
aerial
BF981
3-stage
helical
filter
9MHz
U309
x
ti
f. m.
-> BF 981
L1612 SL1612
Local osc.drive
135MHz + 17dBm
from synth.
ss.b. noise -
blanked gate -
S meter
a.g.c. Mute
f.m. i.f.detector control
SL6600
XF 9B
SL1612 SL1612
sib. a f.
output ag.c f.m./a.m. Mute
output
Loudspeaker
% ss.b/ amplifier
f.m.
s.s.b. u.s.b./L s b select
local
oscillator
2N918 transistor, Trlo3 If an MD108 or

similar type of mixer is used instead of the
SRA1H, then a 10dB pad should be in-
serted between the local -oscillator driver
and mixer to reduce the drive to +7dBm.
Using a MD 108 mixer will save about £ 10
but at the cost of 1OdB or so on the third -
order intercept point. As it is described
here, the circuit gives a third -order
intercept point of ldBm -
and a noise figure of between
approximately 1.8 and 2dB.
Failure to use 1nF chip -
type bypass capacitors or to
mount them directly on the
leads of the BF981 fets may
lead to instability and in
consequence a poor noise
figure.
Receiver alignment is easy due to the
ready -aligned helical filter and broadly
tuned 9MHz i.f. amplifier, so it should
only be necessary to peak the tuned cir-

cuits for maximum signal (including the
helical) and trim the f.m. discriminator.
An overall block diagram of the receiver
is shown and details the individual compo-
nent parts, and the signal flow paths for
both s.s.b. and f.m.
The 5kS2 potentiometer, R118, sets the
noise blanking threshold and initially
should be set to the minimum voltage re-
quired to turn Tr104 off, so providing
minimum noise blanking action and maxi-
mum signal to the s.s.b. i.f. This p.c.b. is
fastened into the screened box by means of
four tapped stand-off bushes fitted one in
each corner.
All power and low -frequency signals to
all modules in the design are filtered by
means of 1nF lead -through capacitors, al-
though they may not be shown on the
circuit diagrams. These lessen the possibil-
ity of spurious r.f. feedback paths and so
increase the repeatability of the design.
To be continued

BINAURAL RECORDINGS
AND LOUDSPEAKERS
Analysing reproduction of binaural recordings through loudspeakers leads to the
development of circuitry for their correct reproduction, and which also gives out -of-head
localization for stereo headphone reproduction.
Binaural recordings are made with two by J. H. Buijs adapted twice by the cross -feed function
microphones situated in the ears of a H(f), one can also write
dummy head. As a consequence of this
recording technique, reproduction should 1H(f)12sin 28
arc tan
take place through headphones. One of the The cause of this loss of information is 1-1H(f)12cos 28
drawbacks of this system is that it is res- the existance of a double cross -feed, one at
tricted to personal reproduction. To make the microphones of the dummy head and Because the same applies for the stimulus
the improvement in sound location over the other at the loudspeakers. The situa- for the right ear R, the phase angle be-
conventional stereo enjoyable by more tion can be improved by introducing a tween L and R is equal to the phase angle
than one person at a time without having signal R'1 in the right loudspeaker. This between L1 and R1, and is therefore cor-
to use several headphones, reproduction signal R'1 should be equal to -R1, so that rect. The amplitude of signal L is
through loudspeakers has to be possible. R1 is cancelled. In the left loudspeaker a Ú(L1+L(R'i)cos a)2+(L(R'1)sin a)2
The standard recording and reproduc- signal L',(= -Li.) should be introduced
tion procedure is depicted in Fig. 1, where =ÚL12(1-1H(f)lcos2 28)2 +
for the same reason.
the microphones of the dummy head feed The result of such an operation can be (L1IH(f)Isin 28)2
signals of the appropriate magnitude and gathered from Fig. 3, in which a similar =L1Ú1+iH(f)Vcos2 28-24H(f) cos 28 +
phase position to the headphones. When analysis is given as in Figs 1 and 2. Signal
the binaural recording is reproduced over L consists of the addition of the phasors L1 1H(f)J2sin2 28
loudspeakers, the situation as is drawn in and L(R'1), and the signal R is formed by
Fig. 2 arises. The microphones send the the phasors R, and R(L'r). =L1VI-2 H(f)1cos 28+1H(f)12.
same signals as before to the loudspeakers, A more detailed analysis reveals that the
but new each loudspeaker produces its angle between L1 and L(R'1) is equal to From this one can conclude that correct
own pressure pattern at the ears of the 180-28°, where b is the phase angle be- reproduction of binaural recordings
listener. The left loudspeaker generates tween the phasors of the sound pressure at through loudspeakers is possible provided
the sound pressures L1 and R1 at the left the left and the right ear caused by one of that the cross -feed function between the
and right ear respectively. The right loud- the two loudspeakers. This situation is two ears of the observer is known, and can
speaker generates the sound pressures Lr drawn in Fig. 4, where a=180-28° and be reproduced electronically. Also, an am-
and R,. Adding up the corresponding one can see that plitude -correcting circuit will have to be
pressure phasors, the left phasor L leads designed in view of the equation for the
the right phasor by a small angle y, which L(R'1)sin a amplitude of the stimulus, as derived
is not equivalent to the original phase angle tan L1+L(R'1)cos a above. If one assumes that the loud-
4). This shows that when loudspeakers are speakers are placed along lines which make
used for the reproduction of a binaural As L(R'1) is the same signal as L1 but an angle of 45° with the perpendicular to
recording, much of the directional in-
formation is lost. (.Source
R,
Lr RI
R
Fig. Standard recording and
1.
reproduction procedure. Microphones of Fig. 2. When binaural recording is used for Fig. 3. Signal L consists of addition of
dummy head feed signals of appropriate binaural recording reproduction, much of phasors Li and L(R'11 and the signal R is
magnitude to the headphones. the directional information is lost. formed by phasors Arend R(L'r).
RI
r
LIR1)
Rl1 R(Lr)
\L(R1)
Lr
yRr
LI
R
20
10
Measuring
probe
. x-
x_
"x?`
I
l'
x"'`
1
x
t
(Y.4 5°,
4)=0°
x .x
0
Fig. 4. Angle between L1 and L(R'11 is equal

to 180-28°, where 8 is phase angle between
phasors of sound pressure at left and right
ear caused by one of two loudspeakers. 10
7105 100 200 400 600 800 1k 2k 4k 6k 8k 10k
0 FREQUENCY (Hz)
5
Fig. 5. Results obtained by Shaw for determination of cross -feed function assuming
loudspeakers placed along lines making 45° with perpendicular between left and right
10 ear.
-20 Rg
100 1k 2k 5k 10k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
of Fig. 7, itself
Fig. 8. Cross-feed function
derived from the work of Wiener and
Shaw.
16 I I
Response of cross -feed circuit 45°O°---y,_

-45°. -.-a.
o
V
12
circuit
Response of RC
/ I-
with same asymptotic
behaviour
A
Asymptotic approach
-20
100 200 400 600 800 1k 2k 4k 6k Bk 10k
100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k

FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Fig. 9. Because transfer function 42
enhances frequencies over 2O0Hz by 12dB Fig. 6. When data of Fig. 5 are normalized to ear -canal pressure at 0° angle this results.
a correction circuit gives approximate Value for time delay between left and right ear originating from same loudspeaker is
compensation, as above. from Bauer.
the line between the left and right ear,

one can turn to research by Wiener' and
Shaw 2 for the determination of the cross - R in
VL in
feed function. The results obtained by 600 9m 600
Shaw are reproduced in Fig. 5, which form
an extension in frequency range of the 50 11m4 50
measurements performed by Wiener. 2y7 2y7
When these data are normalized to the
ear canal pressure at 0° angle, Fig. 6 re- VL out VR out
sults. The value for the time delay between
the signal for the left and right ear originat-
ing from the same loudspeaker is from
Bauer 3.
From similar data originating from Fig. 7. Bauer designed this circuit to simulate cross feed from Wiener's data.
Wiener, Bauer designed a circuit drawn in
Fig. 7 to simulate the cross feed. In this VLin=L
circuit
where Lg and Rg and 4) are the transfer
functions, as displayed in Fig. 8.
and V=-R
which leads to
The input signals for the cross -feed gen-
VLoat=LgVLin+VRinRg erator to arrive at the loudspeaker signals VLout=LgL-RRgeie
and VRout=LgVRin+VLinRgei" for reproduction of binaural recordings are and Vpout=-41(4LRgei4)
Flg. 11. For headphone reproduction of
stereophonic recordings, circuit includes
L92
compensation for rise in transfer
G-- 3k
function above 200Hz. Switch is in
headphone position.
Fig. 10. Correction circuits give

Lg2
approximate compensation to
transfer function of Fig. 9.
After inversion of VLour and reproduction

of these signals by loudspeakers, the sound
pressure at the ears is
VL=Lg(-LgL+RgRei4))
+Rgei4'(-LgR+R8Lei4))
= -L82L+R82Le2j '
and Vg=-Lg2R+Rg2Re2i4',
Further corrections
From the previous section the general
form of the sound pressure at the ears is
Vear= (- Lg2+Rg2e2jcp)Vin,
which can also be written as Vim=
(-Lg2+R82 cos 2wT+IRg2 sin 2(oT)Vin
where w is frequency in radian /s and T is
time delay between left and right ear as
given in Fig. 8. This signal consists of Viii
and the 2T -delayed signal, Vin. One can
compare this with the effect of reproduc-
tion of monophonic recordings via two
loudspeakers, since the sound pressure at
the ears now consists of the signal Lg V1
and the T -delayed signal R8 Vin. Now a
signal consisting of Vin and a delayed ver-
sion of Vin with a delay smaller than 30ms
is perceivd as a single signal only consist-
ing of Vin (Haas phenomenon). This indi-
cates that L8 determines the sound quality.
As the transfer function L82 enhances
the frequencies above 200Hz by up to
in practice.. .
The use of the circuit for "stereo-

phonic headphones" results in
an astonishing improvement in
reproduction of stereophonic
programs via headphones, since
the sound seems to originate
outside instead of inside the head. rn m
The use of the circuit for "binaural m m
loudspeakers" leads to life -like
positioning of the sound. N
Recordings of aircraft passing R
m
overhead sound so realistic that 5
one is tempted to look up in +
search for the airplane. One per-
son I demonstrated the circuitry to
said, on reproducing the sound of
waves at a beach: "It sounds as if >m
I'm standing in the water," which
indeed it did, It's difficult to des- r`
cribe the acoustic results of repro-
duction of binaural recordings via
loudspeakers; one should try it to
be convinced that this is a way
toward better sound reproduc-
tion. -MR
41
duced, I was lamenting in print on the the following order: imperceptibility; ins-
Piccolo players reasons why Piccolo went flat and on the crutability; physical invulnerability; and
The wartime rush to adapt for radio com- general lack of interest in this technically electromagnetic invulnerability. A simple
munication the teleprinter or Teletype elegant British system. null -steering technique for h.f. commu-
system originally developed for line opera- Recently a new Mark VI system has nications was described at the recent IEE
tion remains an example of the danger of been developed that reduces the number of conference "H.F. communication systems
making use of technology standards for a tones from 32 to 6 for ITA-2 and 12 for and techniques" by J. K. Webb (Mitre
different purpose without a fundamental ITA-5 (Radio and Electronic Engineer Corporation) using a quadrature phase -
rethink. Compared with alternative forms Vol. 52, no. 7, pp.321-330, July 1982). shift channel with an auxiliary aerial.
of machine telegraphy, including high- Although this clearly loses a little in basic
speed Morse and the Hellschreiber system, performance, it halves the bandwidth re-
conventional r.t.t.y. with five -unit code
and frequency -shift keying has always de-
quirements and reduces the formerly ex-
tremely stringent frequency stability re-
Secrets of Hut 6
manded, if error rates are to be kept low, a In the decade since the disclosure of the
quirements. It also makes for rather lower
very good signal-to-noise ratio, freedom breaking of the German Enigma cipher
capital costs and permits the use of either
from interference and multipath effects, machine (as well as the Abwehr and police
forward error correction or automatic re-
and preferably diversity reception. To hand ciphers and the Italian machine ci-
quest for repeats. Combined with the Pic-
minimize these problems, the seven -unit pher) in the books by Gustave Bertrand
cabell selective calling system that sum-
code and other error -correcting tech- "Enigma" and Frederick Wintherbotham
mons an off-duty operator for urgent
niques, including automatic repetition, "The Ultra Secret", there have been a
traffic, it remains one of the few techni-
have come into widespread use, though spate of further books and memoirs of the
cally successful attempts to match r.t.t.y.
clearly these are palliatives rather than fascinating Bletchley Park operation. But
to simple low-power h.f. circuits. But it
cures. most of the insider books have reflected
remains to be seen whether the Mark VI
Many years ago it was recognized that the views of the Intelligence analysts and
system (to be marketed by Racal as the
under difficult radio conditions an im- distribution people of Hut 3 rather than
LA 1117 modem) will at last achieve the
provement was possible by the use of those of the actual cryptanalysts of Hut 6,
wider commercial acceptance that the
multi-tone signalling. J. V. Beard and A. who were responsible for codebreaking, or
Foreign Office engineers have always felt it
J. Wheeldon (Point-to-Point Telecommu- the signals people and radio operators who
deserved, but which has so far always intercepted the traffic. Few of the many
nications June 1960, pp.20-48) showed eluded the earlier models.
that two-tone a.m. transmission could authors, with the exception of Bertrand
offer substantial improvement over f.s.k. whose teams were in ,France and not at
in conditions of selective fading, weak sig- Project Raven B.P., have been in any position to draw
nals and interference. However, a series of Much though some engineers may regret conclusions of permanent value to the
counter-attacks on two-tone transmission, it, the British communications industry black arts of codebreaking and Sigint.
based on results over high -power point-to- has become increasingly coupled to meet- For this reason it seems a pity that a new
point circuits, appeared soon afterwards, ing military or "defence" requirements; a book "The Hut Six Story" by Gordon
since when binary f.s.k. has remained the market that has (so far) not been under Welchman (published in the USA by
dominant system for h.f. - though with at pressure from Japan and one in which a McGraw Hill and in the UK by Allen
least one notable exception. good deal of expertise has been acquired Lane) has attracted less public interest and
Since October 1962, the Communica- by British design teams. A major Austra- fewer reviews than thè earlier books. For
tions Engineering Department of the lian project, born in 1976 and due in ser- Welchman joined the B.P. team of crypta-
Foreign & Commonwealth Office (for- vice in 1986, "Project Raven," covering nalysts in 1939, worked in Hut 6 and later
merly Diplomatic Wireless Service) has e.c.m.-resistant h.f. and v.h.f. vehicle and became Assistant Director of Mechaniza-
been using the Piccolo system based on manpack tactical systems for ranges up to tion. After the war, his plans for the
multiple frequency -shift keying as the ba- 2000 miles, looks like bringing major peacetime GCHQ were largely rejected but
sis of its main h.f. network that links more contracts to Plessey Australia (with Plessey instead of returning to the academic field
than 50 British embassies to Hanslope UK participation). In 1981 "project defini- he entered industry, joined the brain drain
Park, near Newport Pagnell. The original tion" contracts were awarded to both Ples- in 1947, and for many years worked in the
Piccolo system, with no less than 32 tones, sey and Racal Milcom but the latest A$7 - field of communications systems planning
imposed stringent requirements on fre- million contract for design and estab- for The Mitre Corporation, the US Federal
quency stability but, due to signal integra- lishment of production facilities has been Research Centre, etc. concerned with bat-
tion techniques using resonant LC filters, won by Plessey who hope it will lead to tlefield communication systems etc.
it could produce clean copy from signals production contracts worth A$150M to The earlier accounts, while differing in
almost buried in noise. It was thus far A$200M. the credit given to the Polish and French
more suitable than conventional f.s.k. for Technically an interesting feature of the cryptographic organizations, have largely
use with relatively low -power transmitters Plessey proposals is the use of electronic supported the idea that Enigma could al-
located in residential areas, often with a null steering of simple twin aerials to pro- ways be cracked by rigorous mathematical
flag -pole -type aerial. Harold Robin, Don vide some 40dB rejection of a single jam- attack when backed up by some prior
Bayley and J. D. Ralphs made many at- mer as an electronic -counter -counter-mea- knowledge of the machines. Most (Ber-
tempts to interest British firms and organi- sure. Null steering as an antijam trand's excepted) played down the role of
zations in the system and for a time Mar- protection system is considered now feas- Hans -Thilo Schmidt, the German who
coni undertook to market equipments ible even for manpack v.h.f. sets and may provided the French with a mass of in-
built by D.W. S. More recently, manufac- be extended to h.f. In general Plessey engi- formation on Enigma ciphering proce-
ture and marketing has been by Racal, neers argue that while simple frequency dures. Few have shown any clear under-
although clearly it has never been an easy hopping systems are of considerable value standing of why the German
task to introduce a relatively costly, non- against an unsophisticated opponent they cryptographers had every reason to believe
compatible system. By 1968, by which are particularly vulnerable to d/f-assisted their system was totally secure in those
time the Mark III unit was being intro- attack. They list priorities for e.c.c.m. in pre -computer days.
Gordon Welchman shows that while in- ting the pulse levels and then recorded 250GHz became available to UK ama-
deed Enigma had fatal flaws, .it would them on video tape. Subsequently the tape teurs. It has also been announced that a
nevertheless have been impregnable was replayed through G3IN1QR's amateur limited number of Class A amateurs will be
against a purely mathematical attack. Un- tv transmitter back to G3OSS where the authorized to operate between 50 and
fortunately for the Germans they intro- incoming signals were decoded back to 52MHz outside of television broadcasting
duced a number of strengthening elements high -quality stereo and also recorded for a hours. There is also to be an experimental
progressively with the result that Hut Six second time. The recovered speech and relaxation, initially applying to special
was normally in possession of, or could tone signals included long passages that event (GB) stations only, on the sending of
deduce, plaintext "cribs" and could were virtually perfect though with rather greetings by non -licensed persons over
"guess" likely key letters from their more errors on the second generation tape. amateur stations.
knowledge of the short-cuts of "lazy" The experiment highlighted several On the other hand, British amateurs
operating procedures of the German cipher critical factors including the vulnerability within 100km of London are being re-
operators. Even so, Welchman maintains, of digital transmissions to multipath quested not to use the sub-band 431 to
the whole operation might have come to a smearing of the pulses. Adjustments to the 432MHz, which is being made available to
sudden stop had the Germans taken more transmitter were also critical, though it the private mobile radio service in the
steps to ensure that the Enigma machines was demonstrated that the digital audio London area, and in future amateurs may
were used in accordance with the basic could be well received at signal strengths find themselves sharing 10.25 to 10.4GH2
rules of cryptography (for example, never below those required for good tv re- with a commercial data network which
re -encode the same plaintext in different ception. Tests over longer distances at becomes the primary user.
keys, never use standard long addresses, higher power are planned and later it is
etc). It is worth recalling that B.P. never hoped to use the 1296MHz band.
succeeded in breaking the Gestapo (SD) Equipment used included AKG Here and there
Enigma. He also emphasises the impor- condenser microphone, Sony PCMF-1 The City & Guilds of London Institute will
tance of good liaison between Hut 6 and digital processor with the digital bit stream in future hold three instead of only two
the main Y intercept stations as well as the superimposed on a PAL -compatible video Radio Amateurs' Examinations each year.
role of traffic analysis when the messages waveform, Microwave Modules ATV Next examinations will be in December
remained unread. transmitter with average power of about 1982 and March and May 1983. There is
He believes that the Ultra secret was 1.5 watts and two 21 -element Tonna aerial however little sign yet of any reforms to
kept too long with the result that many arrays at 68ft above ground level. Receiver the examination syllabus or paper.
lessons that could have been learned from comprised GaAs fed mast -head pre -ampli- Winner of the 1981 RSGB National
B.P. have been lost. fier, Microwave Modules up -converter Field Day trophy was the Racal Amateur
He also reflects the view that engineers feeding a Panasonic NV7000B VHS video Radio Group (B section). Leading single-
and administrators have too readily recorder. Output from the VCR goes to a entry station ("Bristol Trophy") was the
accepted the view that cryptosystems can domestic colour tv set for waveform exam- Great Western Contest Group. Other
be made secure by increasing the number ination and analogue audio outputs go to leading clubs were Gravesend Amateur
of key permutations to a total beyond that KEF 105 series II loudspeakers from a Radio Society ("Gravesend Trophy"),
which could be examined by computer in a stereo amplifier. Stereo audio is sampled at Glenrothes and District Radio Club
reasonable time, pointing out that many 44.056 kHz with 16 -bit coding and a po- (leading Scottish entry) and the Maiden-
system contained short-cuts. tential 90dB s.n.r. from 10Hz to 20kHz. head club ("Frank Hoosen Trophy").
Not every communications man would The bandwidth is about 3MHz with the The Ipswich Radio Club announces that
agree with all of his outspoken and often 435MHz transmission compatible with arrangements have been made for students
provocative comments but his revelations 625 -line tv standards. G3OSS is equipped to sit the RAE at Kesgrave and Claydon
of the tight -rope on which Bletchley Park for PAL colour tv transmission and has Adult Centre, the High School, Kesgrave,
walked, and the conclusions he draws from been received at distances up to 50 miles. Ipswich IPS 7PB. Enrolments by mid -Oc-
this, make this a book of current as well as While such digital audio is aimed at tober for the December examination.
historic interest, with a high technical high -quality reproduction, it seems rele-
content. vant to point out that intelligible speech
can be transmitted digitally at much lower Reg Cole, G6RC
bit rates since amplitude variations contri-
An old-time but apparently ever -young
bute remarkably little to basic intelligibil-
radio amateur, Reg Cole G6RC, an active
LA\LIMUj ity. 3 -bit or 4 -bit coding of speech at about
8kHz sampling rate could provide an operator on the bands for well over 50
years, has died, aged 81 years. Until his
D=O effective weak -signal communications
system on the amateur microwave bands. retirement, Reg Cole was company secre-
tary of George Newnes Ltd, now part of
the IPC Group of companies. During
Bands released World War I he trained as a radio officer in
Since October 1, UK amateurs have been the merchant marine and during World
435MHz digital stereo permitted limited access to the WARC- War II was first a Voluntary Interceptor
First experimental transmissions from an 1979 bands at 18 and 24MHz (18.068 to for the Radio Security Service, then served
amateur station of digital stereo audio sig- 18.168MHz and 24.89 to 24.99MHz) on a at Hanslope Park until he became one of
nals in the UK (and possibly in Europe) strictly non-interference basis. Restric- Lord Sandhurst's group of operators on
were made on August 8 by Angus McKen- tions include AlA (c.w.) mode only, maxi- the Secret Service clandestine links with
zie, G3OSS in Finchley, North London mum carrier power 10 watts, horizontally- France and the Low Countries. He put
with the help of G8UQX and G6BYH. polarized aerials only with zero gain rela- this experience to good use on the amateur
The co-operating station, that of A. G. tive to a half -wave dipole (i.e. no verticals bands in the post-war period, becoming one
Goddard, G3NQR, in Harrow, first moni- or beam arrays). At the same time the new of the UK's leading DX operators.
tored the incoming signals to assist in set- microwave bands at 47, 75.5, 142 and PAT HAWKER, G3VA
ENGINEERING
AND SOCIETY
The responsibility of engineers to society is often discussed in the abstract: here, Robin
Howes deals with the subject in a more tangible manner. In this, the first of two articles, he
relates the question of responsibility to the current industrial and political state of the UK.
You have probably heard of the nuclear by R. W. Howes, completely from the industrial concept of
engineer who, when asked about the social economic growth. It promotes a society
implications of nuclear power, said: "I'm M.Sc., M.Ed., M.I.E.E. that is sustainable in the long term because
here to stop you freezing in the dark, not its energy and resource inputs are renew-
to talk about it". His attitude is often there is the remarkable book by Robert able. Its technology is variously described
thought commendable, and it is also Pirsig3: "There is no manual that deals as low, soft, alternative, intermediate or
thought, perhaps unjustly, that unless an with the real business of motor cycle main- appropriate. The rather different
engineer is competent at his job his views tenance, the most important aspect of all. meanings of these terms have been
on social responsibility are irrelevant any- Caring about what you are doing is consid- discussed by David Dickson and others.
how. ered either unimportant or is taken for Perhaps the best term is àppropriate tech-
Let us pass from the individual engineer granted ... In that strange separation of nology' as it immediately raises the key
to one view of industrial society as a whole: what man is from what man does we may issue - appropriate for whom? It is im-
"We are all in a car and the car is in have some clues as to what the hell has portant to realise that alternative tech-
motion. Nobody has found out how to gone wrong in this twentieth century." nology (AT) can be just a technical fix for
steer it, but some groups have, for a long the affluent in a consumer society, e.g.
time, been making detailed studies of the Three options for the UK solar panels for the suburban householder
steering linkage. It has been found that If one looks at possible futures for the UK and tidal power for the CEGB, but that its
small changes in direction are a bit easier or similar industrial country, there are, true realisation involves an alternative
to understand and to influence, and the broadly speaking, three options. The first society. AT used to be the prerogative of
ride seems to be smoother, when a foot is is the high-technology future, which was commune dwellers, 'a bunch of middle-
kept hard on the accelerator. Hitherto this first promoted in the 1960s although class misfits playing at being farmers', as
has never proved catastrophic because the envisaged by science fiction years before. one critic said, and the `brown-bread-and -
car has been moving about a wide plateau. Apart from actual advances in military and sandals brigade'. Today many professional
Someone looking out of the dirty wind- space technology, including the moon engineers are working in the AT field, but
screen thinks he can see the edge of a landing in 1%9, there was the hope of an its large-scale adoption in our present in-
precipice ahead and suggests they slow automated, leisured society, dependent on dustrial society is clearly politically inad-
down. The others criticize his knowledge the use of computers, the hope of electric- missible, and most people would not want
of the steering mechanism; they are af- ity 'too cheap to be worth metering' pro- it.
fronted by his suggestion. Looking out of vided by nuclear power, and the hope of The third option is a compromise be-
the window is a waste of time and talking using new cereal crops as a `green revolu- tween the other two and involves a gradual
like that alarms the passengers. A majority tion' to save the Third World from famine. transition towards a more sustainable
would prefer that there aren't any edges."' From a purely technical point of view, society, meanwhile trying to ameliorate the
Should the engineer get on with his job on such projects were usually outstanding effects of present high technology. It still
the steering linkage or should he look successes; from a social and often econo- has made very little headway politically in
through the window as well? mical point of view they were frequently the UK, where politicians still seem
To avoid debating definitions the fol- outstanding failures. To take an example hooked on the 1960s mirage of unending
lowing should suffice for the purpose of directly familiar to most people in Britain, economic growth, and see the current re-
this article. Science is about finding things one of the planners' dreams which came to cession as U-shaped rather than L-shaped.
out and technology is about making fruition in the 1960s was a solution to the An essentially middle-of-the-road report
things. Technology predates the rise of housing problem - the building of by Gerald Leach' considered the energy
experimental science in the 17th century, multimillion -pound complexes of high rise inputs required for low to modest growth
as the building of Stonehenge and the feats flats. These are now being blown up be- scenarios and concluded that waste reduc-
of Roman architecture show. Technology cause they are too expensive to run and too tion, recycling and conservation measures
today involves both applied science and vandalized to use. This is a classical would enable modest growth to occur
traditional know-how, and in common example of the tunnel vision of experts without the high energy inputs forecast by
usage the term technology is often synony- who are blind to the social and even econo- the Department of Energy and the CEGB.
mous with engineering. Both approach mic effects of their work, and is the result This removes the need for a major nuclear
problems via systems analysis, design and of trying to find a purely technical solu- power programme, which in any case is
modelling. Engineering, like medical tion, a `technical fix', to a systems -type now becoming increasingly suspect on pu-
practice, can also be regarded as an art in problem. rely economic grounds. On thermody-
which an almost intuitive feel for the In retrospect, such experts seem to have namic grounds alone it is wiser to save a
material world which has been developed acted as if deficient in common sense and kilowatt than to supply an extra one, and
by practice may be more important than even in common humanity. The economic as energy consultant Amory Lovins has
systematic knowledge provided by scien- growth of the 1960s was fuelled by cheap, said, Ìnstead of opening the bath taps
tific research. A recent textbook2 speaks of imported oil, which encouraged a profli- even wider, it's better to put the plug in'.
electronics as a simple art, a combination gate use of energy and which promoted In an important article which promoted
of some basic laws, rules of thumb, and a technologies for the production of goods the Engineering Responsibility Forum,
large bag of tricks. As these authors would that were far more wasteful of energy and John Endersby6 discusses the ills of
probably be the first to point out, you resources than ever before. contemporary industrial society and makes
cannot learn electronics just by reading The second option rejects the first one as some proposals for their improvement. He
books. For a more philosophical approach technocratic fantasy and disengages itself quotes from an earlier book by Meredith
Thring7: "Very many thoughtful people in saved in economies of scale was more than tal movement cuts right across the political
positions of responsibility, including lost socially by poor industrial relations. In spectrum its fringes include some neo -
British MPs, senior civil servants, teachers contrast to the poor record of large firms is Marxists, who, like homeless fleas, leapt
and business executives are well aware that the fine innovative record of small tech- into environmentalism when the corpse of
society is heading for disaster, but are nology -based firms. These have had the sociology grew cold.
forced to stifle their subversive thoughts double benefit of small size and a high Politicians like a single solution to their
since their job is to uphold the status quo". proportion of engineers among their man- problems, such as the current enthusiasm
Professor Thring has proposed a Hippo- agers. for nuclear power to solve the energy prob-
cratic Oath for engineers in which they The rest of British industry does not lem and for the Trident missile to solve the
vow to use their professional skills only on share this happy state. The editorial in defence problem. Engineers know that
projects which will better mankind. This Electronics and Power (journal of the IEE) there is never a single solution to a prob-
immediately involves a value judgement by of July 1978 pointed out: "One of the more lem, only an optimal solution that may
the engineer on what constitutes bet- enduring myths about British industry is change with time and circumstance. Since
terment and which sectors of mankind are that British goods are best, and that it is the political decision -making process is
to be bettered, since conflicting interests only their high prices, caused by low pro- secret, there are no checks and balances
between the sectors involved is usual. ductivity, which makes them hard to sell. operating to help arrive at an optimal solu-
Professor Thring has also considered the In fact there is growing amount of evi- tion and to monitor the process afterwards.
long-term implication of energy policy 8: dence that the reverse is true, and that, The British tradition of governmental
"One is inevitably forced to the conclusion compared with the products of the other secrecy, which Lord Croham, until re-
that an essential condition for our grand- industrial nations, British goods are poor cently Britain's top civil servant, describes
children's life is that the rich countries value and sell only because the depressed as "The most secretive administrative
bring their energy consumption per capita state of the British economy makes them system in the Western World", must be a
down to about the present world average cheap". This attempt to compete by low major reason for the persistent backing of
figure over the next 30 years". This means price instead of by quality may reflect the losers in high technology. Two notorious
a reduction from about 5 kW per head low esteem which the British estab- examples are Concorse and the AGR,
towards 500 W per head. As Thring says, lishment has for engineering skills as op- which will produce a net loss of £2000
"What is right for our grandchildren is posed to financial acumen. The engineer is million each, according to Professor David
always uneconomic and almost always im- still seen as the man with grease under his Henderson. Part of the blame must lie
politic". fingernails. The Finniston Report9 com- with the engineers concerned who have
In their pursuit of the chimera of econo- mented: "Although Britain is a nation rich been able to ride their hobbyhorses at the
mic growth, politicians of both left and in creative talent, it has been weak in the taxpayers' expense and did not have to
right maintain a `conspiracy of silence' commercial realisation of its own engi- defend their case in open debate with their
about these issues. Their short-term neering-based innovations or in the adop- peers, as occurs in àdvocacy planning' in
efforts to relieve the symptoms have been tion of innovations originating elsewhere". the USA.
described as an obsessive re-arrangement The Report also criticized UK engineering A recent report from the National Con-
of the deck chairs of the Titanic. education. The prestigious engineering sumer Council 1° points out that official
schools of the Continent, such as the Ger- secrecy in Britain conceals far more than
man Technische Hochschule, are based on that small sector of government concerned
British industry the 'Technik' philosophy which involves with national security. The operation of
When we look at British industry it is the practical application of knowledge and central government and nationalized in-
apparent that business as usual in the the synthesis of technical, human and dustry is hidden from those whom the
1960s sense will not come again. By 1980 commercial factors. By contrast, in the official view seems to consider the most
the industrial sector produced only 40% of UK engineering is treated as a branch of subversive group of all - the citizens of
the total goods and services. But the grow- applied science. "This militates against an this country. Secrecy, combined with the
ing service sector cannot make good the effective marriage between the theory and lobbying of vested interests, tends to
loss of industrial export markets and the application and fails to give students a produce faulty decisions, especially in
rise in imports, especially since we still sufficiently wide outlook. In consequence, high-technology projects with long lead
import nearly half our food. Nor is a employers have often taken the attitude times. This is not because the politicians
transition to a `post-industrial society' that few engineers are properly equipped and their senior civil servants are venal or
likely to be the panacea for our ills. to take on broader managerial incompetent; they may well be talented
Although the recession has produced responsibilities and have employed them and dedicated. Part of the problem is that
massive unemployment among unskilled instead as providers of technical services, the whole system is too big, and so reme-
workers, the UK policy of capital-inten- thereby closing the vicious circle". dies must perforce be political in nature.
sive energy growth has continued. The Among those which have been suggested
alternative would be a switch to a policy of are regional devolution to overcome the
energy and resource conservation which British politics `diseconomies' of scale, proportional re-
would be labour-intensive, and which It must be admitted that the regeneration presentation to break the stranglehold of a
could involve repair of goods which were of industry and indeed the regeneration of two-party system where the two sides of
made to last. An EEC study in 1977 on the national life is not helped by the British the House of Commons echo the two con-
potential for substituting manpower for political establishment. The editorial in flicting sides of industry, and, thirdly, a
energy showed that this change would pro- Electronics and Power of July 1979 stated: freedom of information act on the lines of
vide more than enough jobs to compensate "The idea that increased energy consump- that in Sweden or the USA to promote
for those lost in the manufacturing indust- tion is a necessary condition of any in- genuine as opposed to purported open gov-
ries. crease in overall wellbeing, seems, in spite ernment. Industrial deadlock could be
Small firms are known to be a source of of all the evidence against it, to be an broken by some genuine form of worker
new jobs but the recession has meant that unchallengeable assumption as far as many participation. Both the CBI and the TUC
many small businesses have gone bank- of our policy makers are concerned. In- are opposed to industrial democracy of the
rupt. The now discredited dogma of the deed, there is a strong tendency to regard type which works so well in West Ger-
1960s was that the merging of smaller as politically suspect all those, no matter many, and which ironically was forced on
firms into industrial giants was the way to how respectable, who promote the oppo- the Germans by the British occupying
produce goods efficiently. The age-old site view". This can go to ridiculous ex- power.
wisdom that about 500 people was the tremes, as when the relatively respectable These political remedies are not so far
appropriate number for any corporate en- and certainly for from subversive conser- removed from the proposals of Endersby
terprise such as a school, an army battalion vation group Friends of the Earth are and Thring. In case these two engineers
or a factory was ignored. In many large called Friends of the Kremlin. This is not should be thought of as crying in a
businesses it was found that what was to deny the fact that since the environmen- wilderness otherwise only inhabited by
middle class self-sufficiency freaks, the The essentially middle-of-the-road References
work of the Council for Science ,and conclusions of the Report reject three pos-
Society should be mentioned. The mem- sible scenarios, these being only slight 1. The Open University Technology
bers of the Council, founded in 1973, in- change from the present situation, or a Foundation Course T 100. Study Guide to 'The
clude engineers such as Sir Monty Finnis- shift of 90% of the work force into service Limits to Growth'. Milton Keynes, OU Press,
ton, Sir Bernard Lovell and, prior to his industries, or total breakdown of society 1971.
2. P. Horowitz and W. Hill. The Art of
death in 1979, Professor Dennis Gabor, in (as a result of high unemployment, and
Electronics. Cambridge University Press, 1980.
company with other distinguished indi- leading to a dictatorship of left or right). 3. R. M. Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle
viduals from the universities, management The Report recommends further study of Maintenance. London, Bodley Head, 1974.
and the trade unions. The Council has four areas of changing concepts to work, 4. D. Dickson, Alternative Technology and the
produced several reports, including one on these being the producer co-operatives of Politics of Technical Change. London,
the problem of monitoring large scale Mondragon in Northern Spain, trade Fontana, 1974.
technologies", such as nuclear power, union participation in planning in Scandi- 5. G. Leach et al. Low Energy Strategy for the
aerospace and the chemical industry, navia, the Lucas Aerospace shop stewards U.K. London, International Institute for
which mention the need to protect `whistle Àlternative Corporate Plan', and full em- Environment and Development, 1979.
ployment for life provided by certain large 6. J. C. Endersby, Who needs people?
blowers'. At present in the UK these tend
Electronics and Power 25, 397-400 June 1979.
to be people already at the top of their Japanese companies. The Japanese exper-
professions or who have retired; engineers ience is often thought to be inappropriate
7. M. W. Thring. Machines - masters or slaves
of man? Stevenage, Peter Peregrinus, 1973.
like Sir Martin Ryle and Sir Kevin to the UK due to racial and cultural dif- 8. M. W. Thring. A World Energy Policy.
Spencer, scientists like Professor Joseph ferences. But Japanese subsidiaries in the Electronics and Power 23, 701-704 Sep 1977.
Rotblat and Professor Patricia Lindop. West, including the UK, which use local 9. Sir Monty Finniston, Engineering Our
More recently, the Council has produced a line managers and labour do as well as the Future, H.M.S.O., 1980.
report which tackles the issues involved in parent companies in japan. Their indust- 10. R. Delbridge and M. Smith (eds).
questions like 'Are we on the brink of the rial relations are far superior to most UK Consuming Secrets: A Report for the National
post-industrial society, a world of leisure companies. Consumer Council London, Burnett Books,
1982.
and information technology?' 12 Such ques- Significantly, the Report also concludes
11. The Council for Science and Society.
tions tend to mask the real issues which are that until we fully reject the exploitation Superstar Technologies. Chichester, Barry
inevitably political: and inhumanity of the Industrial Revolu- Rose, 1976.
Who is going to control the new tech- tion and root out the philosophical prin- 12. The Council for Science and Society. New
nology, for what purposes will it be used, ciples to which it gave birth, we will not Technology: Society, Employment and Skill.
and who will benefit? recover our energy and confidence. nnn7 London, Council for Science and Society, 1981.
BBC ENGINEERING, 1922

ONWARD
November 14th 1982 sees the 60th anniversary of the BBC's first broadcast Although
there is only a psychological magic about round -number anniversaries, there is perhaps
justification for a look back over the past decades and a look forward to those in store.
The essence of broadcasting is, of course, by Pat Leggatt ity rather than the lowest cost. So BBC
the programmes. But, as in any industry, engineering started healthily, has grown
production and distribution is founded on healthily and seems set for healthy matu-
engineering; and the past 60 years have public service ideals and with the philo- rity.
seen a very fruitful relationship between sophy of aiming for the highest achievable
engineering and programme develop- standards, both in programme and engi- Wireless before broadcasting
ments, each offering challenges and oppor- neering terms. This philosophy meets with Wireless communication originated in the
tunities to the other. general public approval, so that engineers 1880's with the experiments of Hughes
The history of BBC engineering can and others in broadcasting feel that their and Hertz, based on the earlier theoretical
fairly be called a success story. In case this best efforts are appreciated and fulfil a studies of Clerk Maxwell. Before the close
sounds immodest, coming from a BBC worthwhile social need. of the nineteenth century, Marconi had
pen, I would say that the ingredients of The product (that is the programmes) established himself in England and was
success were there from the beginning and can be of such variety as to suit all tastes doing imaginative work to increase the
that failure to exploit these would have for much of the time and is therefore in reliability and range of the new medium;
been a surprising waste of opportunities. continuing and increasing demand. Engi- he succeeded in transmitting signals across
Let us examine what these initial ingre- neering developments contribute directly the Atlantic in 1901.
dients were. to more and better programmes, and hence For this early work, spark transmitters
Broadcasting was one. of the first major receive general support. were the norm and the detector usually
users of the brand new technology of The benefits of good engineering have employed was the coherer, in which metal
electronics. It was a technology which always been recognized within the BBC filings were induced to `cohere' under the
clearly had great potential for development and financial investment has been ade- influence of incoming radiation and hence
and it was therefore attractive to resource- quate to secure continuing expansion and provide a low-resistance current path for a
ful and inventive engineers. improvement. The required scale of bell or relay. Being an on-off device, the
Broadcasting in the UK was founded on investment, in terms of cost per head of coherer could be used only for digital sig-
the audience, is not very large and it has nals, such as Morse code.
been possible, therefore, to direct engi- In the early 1900s attention was turned
Mr Leggatt is Head of Engineering Information neering developments towards high qual- to wireless transmission of telephony. For

this a continuous carrier wave was re-
quired and the first systems employed
modulated high -frequency alternators and
electric arcs. Recognizable speech was
transmitted by these means, but the qual-
ity must have fallen well short of today's
standards.
Shortly before World War 1, the triode
valve, developed from Lee de Forest's Au-
dion, began to be used for generation of
continuous carrier waves. The relatively
pure waveform produced, and the compar-
ative ease of modulating such a source with
speech signals, opened the way to wireless
speech transmissions of reasonable quality.
Receivers during this period employed
crystal detectors, or Marconi's magnetic
detector, in which the changing magnetic
state cf an endless loop of soft -iron wire
served to demodulate incoming signals.
Wireless was, of course, very largely used
as a means of communicating with ships at Marconi's 2MT transmitter at Writtle in 1922.
sea and the magnetic detector proved far
more mechanically stable than the more Vickers in Manchester and the Western reached at a meeting at the Institution of
sensitive crystal detectors, whose cat's Electric Company in Birmingham. Electrical Engineers at Savoy Hill, London
whiskers were easily jolted out of adjust- Thus it came about by 1922 that a and the British Broadcasting Company was
ment by the rolling and pitching of a ship. number of organizations had seen and formed. Six large manufacturers combined
The military necessities of the 1914-18 acted on the potentialities of entertainment in this venture, Marconi's, Metrovick,
war gave a considerable boost to wireless broadcasting, primarily as a necessary aid. Western Electric, GEC, BTH and the
development. Engineers fully appreciated to establishing a market for receivers. Radio Communication Company, with
the virtues of the valve and the French `R' Many of these were eager to jump on the John Reith as the General Manager.
valve in particular was an outstanding de- band -wagon and the time had come for The new BBC took over existing studios
velopment in terms of performance and some co-ordination and regulation. and transmitters, hitherto operated by the
stability, together with the Marconi `Q' individual manufacturers. Its first broad-
valve. The widespread use of valves in cast was from the 2L0 station in London
transmitters and receivers, and the de- Formation of the BBC on 14 November, 1922, with SIT in Bir-
velopment of tuned -circuit arrangements To bring order out of threatening chaos, mingham and 2ZY in Manchester on the
of reasonably good sensitivity, made the Postmaster General, who had refused following day.
usable wireless equipment available on a to license any more independent stations, The BBC remained a commercial com-
mass production basis. told those manufacturers wishing to be pany until 1 January 1927 when it was
involved to get together to form a single reconstituted with a Royal charter as the
company for broadcasting. Agreement was British Broadcasting Corporation.
Start of broadcasting
After the war, a lot of military wireless
equipment and components came on the
general surplus market and was eagerly
bought up by amateur enthusiasts keen to Early engineering
try the intriguing new technology for
themselves. Many people built crystal or Apart from operating the existing studios broadcasting that is not as new as we may
valve receivers, but of course there was not and transmitters, the first task of the Engi- think today. It was not long before a
much of interest for them to receive. The neering Department was to spread cover- `simultaneous broadcast' system of lines
regular time signals (in Morse) from the age over the country. By 1924 there were was established, enabling all transmitters
Eiffel Tower had been transmitted since nine main stations and eleven relay sta- to radiate a common programme as a net-
1909, and were a useful facility for check- tions. Public interest and demand was very work when required. Soon after this, a
ing that a receiver was actually working: buoyant, and in 1925 there were nearly a high -power, long -wave station, 5XX, was
but they were of limited entertainment million licence payers and no doubt many built at Daventry, giving coverage of much
value. unlicensed listeners. of the country and giving listeners a
Realising that there was a gap to be Although the main engineering efforts national alternative to the regional pro-
filled, an enterprising Dutchman com- after the start of broadcasting were grammes from the existing stations.
menced in 1919 a regular schedule of Sun- directed to such basic necessities as provid- Another important step forward was
day evening transmissions of music and ing acceptable quality from the studios and taken with the opening, in 1932, of the
speech which became known as the `Hague distributing programmes as widely as pos- Empire Service, broadcasting to the world
Concerts'. These were much welcomed by sible throughout the country, there was on short waves. One of the first broadcasts
listeners in the UK, as well as in Europe, time too for more innovative work. In in this service was the Christmas message
and indeed were financed for a time by 1925, for example, transmitters in London from King George V on 25th December
British listeners, following an appeal by and Daventry were paired for an experi- 1932.
Wireless World, and by contributions from mental transmission of stereo sound from The higher -power main transmitters
the Daily Mail. The entertainment poten- an operatic performance, although it was were obtained from commercial suppliers,
tial of broadcasting was appreciated also by to be forty years before these efforts bore but no manufacturer could offer low-
UK industry: 1920 saw the Dame Nellie final fruit in the form of regular stereo power equipment for the relay stations.
Melba recital from the Marconi transmit- programme transmissions. Accordingly, these were designed in the
ter at Chelmsford, followed in 1922 by the Expansion of radio. At the beginning, the newly -formed Development Section of the
Marconi stations 2MT at Writtle, near various stations in different parts of the BBC Engineering Department. Later,
Chelmsford, and 2L0 in London. Also in country transmitted their own individual they designed high -power, 50 kW trans-
1922, two other industrial companies set programmes from their own studios. This mitters, again because none were available
up broadcasting facilities - Metropolitan was indeed local radio, one more thing in from commercial sources.
47
live. Although some programmes were succeeamg years ana in iysi me ism.- set
recorded on disc by commercial recording up a 30-line television studio in the newly
companies for special purposes, pro- built Broadcasting House.
gramme production and scheduling suf- A rather different form of `television'
fered from the very severe handicap that was experimentally transmitted in 1928.
no operational recording apparatus was This was the Fultograph slow -scan, still -
available. Although the magnetic tape picture system, wherein radio signals from
recording seems now to be the modern a medium wave transmitter actuated a fac-
successor to disc, it was a magnetic system simile paper printer. Recognizable pic-
which was first used within the BBC. This tures could be reproduced at the rate of
was the Blattnerphone, using steel tape as about one every five minutes, but the
a medium, which was introduced in 1930. system created little public enthusiasm.
It was five years later, in 1935, that disc During the 1930's, Baird up -graded his
recording was first employed, supple- system to 90, 120 and 180 lines. In 1938
mented in 1936 by the Philips -Miller the BBC set up a purpose-built television
mechanical (not photographic) sound -on - studio and transmitter at Alexandra
film system. Palace, including Baird equipment, now
From the early 1930's, then, all the fun- operating on 240 lines. Also installed at
damental ingredients for broadcasting Alexandra Palace was 405-line equipment
were there: studio and outside broadcast from the Marconi -EMI company. This
origination equipment of acceptable qual- was an entirely electronic system, as op-
ity; recording systems; and increasingly posed to Baird's electro-mechanical de-
country -wide and world-wide transmitter vices, and side-by -side trials revealed it to
networks. From then on, the story of radio be much superior. Accordingly, after a few
up to the present day is one of improve- weeks of alternate transmissions by the
ment, expansion and sophistication. One Baird and EMI systems, the former was
Testing for the 1937 Coronation television
transmissions from Apsley Gate. should mention highlights such as the abandoned and transmissions from Jan-
enormous improvements in audio quality uary 1937 continued on the EMI system
in all parts of the chain, from studio acous- alone.
tics to loudspeakers; the introduction of The engineers and the programme
The first broadcasting engineers had to v.h.f. and stereo; the expansion of pro- makers quickly learnt the potentialities
be resourceful men. Not only were they gramme networks at home and overseas and limitations of the equipment; and
continually breaking fresh ground on the and the start of local radio; the use of quickly built up a body of increasingly
technical front, but those operating the digital programme links between studio sophisticated production techniques. In
transmitters and studios were often called and transmitter; and the start of digital May 1937 quite comprehensive outside
upon to fulfil announcer duties and even to sound recording. All these things repre- broadcast coverage was given to the
act as ùncles' in the children's pro- sent 'very much more' and 'very much Coronation of King George VI, a very
grammes. What with this, and the fact that better', but all rest on the foundations ambitious vetlture at that early stage in
the first chief engineer Peter Eckersley completed by 1930. television history.
had himself provided much of the Expansion of television. During the 1939-
entertainment on the original 2MT Television 45 war, the frequency requirements of ra-
programmes, one wonders why it has since. The first BBC transmissions of television dar had to override those of television, and
become necessary to have an army of took place in 1926, when experimental the service was closed down for the dura-
producers, writers and performers to put broadcasts of pictures from Baird's 30 -line tion. It opened again in June 1946, in time
the programmes across: perhaps they apparatus were carried by the 2LO to cover the Victory Parade on 8 June: the
should have left it to the engineers! transmitter. There were further tests in BBC television service was the first in
The other important task for engineers
in early days was to improve the quality of 35mm Moy-Cintel rapid -pull -down teleciné equipment
sound from the studios. Microphones in 1958.
needed much attention and a lot of co-
operation between the BBC and industry
was devoted to improvements over the
original carbon granule types. One of the
better new developments was the Magne-
tophone from the Marconi company. This
gave a considerable improvement in qual-
ity, although requiring very skilled per-
sonal attention in that the voice coil was
attached by pieces of cotton wool impreg-
nated with vaseline. If the studios became
too warm, the vaseline melted and more
had to be applied: perhaps this was what
gave rise to a skilled operator becoming
known as 'dab hand'.
Studio acoustic plays a vital part in de-
termining transmitted sound quality. Vir-
tually nothing was known of these tech-
niques when broadcasting began, and
much early research effort was devoted to
the subject. Many of the fundamental
principles were established at this time,
and BBC Research Department maintains
a strong and continuing effort in this field'
at the present day.
For the first eight years of the BBC's
existence, all programmes were broadcast
48 NORLD NOVEMBER 1982
Europe to re -open after the war. In 1946 tually from overseas. Great improvements throughout the country, often in very
the television service had only the two were made in the quality and sophistica- small communities, and it has so far taken
studios at Alexandra Palace and two o.b. tion of programme origination equipment, about 600 television transmitters to
units. The one transmitter covered only including of course the introduction of achieve 99% coverage. Further relay sta-
the London and Home Counties area and magnetic video tape recording which freed tions are being provided for communities
there were little more than 20,000 viewers. programme makers from so many shackles down to 500 people, and in the mid -1980's
As had earlier been the case with radio, of location and time scheduling. Ever -ex- groups as small as 200 will be catered for.
television suffered very much from the tending links, including satellites, gave This television transmitter development
lack of any recording systems. Much re- comprehensive national and international programme is handled by the BBC and the
search and development effort was applied programme distribution and exchange, IBA as a joint project and represents a
to the problem and a workable system of with standards convertors of continually- major continuing effort over many years.
recording television pictures on film was in improving quality. Only eleven groups of four channels are
use tentatively by the end of 1947, with an Particularly notable were the start of the available in the u.h.f. broadcasting bands
improved version being in regular service competitive commercial television service and very elaborate planning is needed to
in 1949. in 1955; and the second BBC programme enable the hundreds of stations to be
The scene was then set for the big ex- in 1964, coincident with the start of 625 - operated without mutual interference.
pansion of television which the public line television in the u.h.f. band. The BBC Research Department have built up a
wanted. Television transmitter coverage introduction of colour on BBC2 in 1967, computer -based frequency -planning
was extended to the major regional popula- the first colour service in Europe, was system, taking account of geographical and
tion centres and increasingly into more perhaps the biggest single engineering topographical features, which enables
remote areas of the country. New studios change since television began. maximum use to be made of these scarce
were established, first at Lime Grove in Teletext, offering an entirely new in- frequency resources.
West London, later in the purpose-built formation service riding on the back of the In sound radio, the m.f./l.f. bands are
Television Centre and in numerous region- television signal, started in 1974 and increasingly overcrowded and subject to
al cities. Outside broadcast equipment heralded the first real public availability of foreign interference. The BBC is effecting
and operations multiplied, taking events the information technology which is so marginal improvements here and there,
from anywhere in the country and even- much in the news today. but in general it is not possible to do any-
thing very significant and it is to v.h.f.
radio that major development efforts are
directed. Current work includes the addi-
Broadcast tion of a vertically-polarized signal to the

existing horizontally -polarized transmis-
sions, offering considerable benefit to
engineering today users of portable and car radios with verti-
cal rod aerials. Another important project
is the continuing spread of stereo transmis-
So where are we now after 60 years of and cable systems which the sion throughout the country, progress on
broadcast engineering? On the programme near future holds in store. this being determined primarily by avail-
production front I would say that we have The u.h.f. television ability of digital audio p.c.m. links to the
reached the point where engineering does networks today cover 99% appropriate transmitters.
not seriously limit the range and nature of of the population of the But the prime requirement for de-
programme making. In radio and televi- United Kingdom and v.h.f. velopment of v.h.f. radio is availability of
sion studios, and in outside broadcasts, radio networks cover 97% more frequency channels in the v.h.f.
producers have nearly all the technical (or 95% in stereo). M.f./1.f. Band II. Without these it is not possible to
facilities they need, with very satisfactory radio networks provide provide the additional networks to avoid
quality and reliability, to give their crea- lower percentage coverages, the current necessity for sharing of a v.h.f.
tive ideas full scope. dropping appreciably lower channel by Radio 1 and Radio 2, by Radio
Programme making is now constrained still after dark. The 4 and educational programmes, and to pro-
more by limitation of resources. There television and v.h.f. radio vide Radio 4 v.h.f. coverage in the national
may not be enough studios, o.b. units, percentage coverage in the regions of Scotland, Wales and Northern
tape recorders and the like to satisfy all upper nineties may seem Ireland. Furthermore, we need additional
programme demands, but this of course acceptable at first sight, but frequencies to accommodate about 100 re-
comes down to economics. In the end it is it must be remembered that lay transmitters, which are needed to fill
the consumer who has to pay for the equip- every 1% of the population the gaps in existing v.h.f. coverage.
ment, plus of course the artists' fees and not covered represents half a
the non -engineering costs, and somewhere million people.
The v.h.f. Band II is, by international
there are economic, social and political It is a source of frustration agreement, to be extended up to 108 MHz
limits to the overall cost of broadcasting. and distress to transmitter for broadcasting use, but the Home Office
While programme -origination facilities network plapning that the timetable for re -locating the emergency
. may have reached a very acceptable state of half million people unserved- and mobile services using the upper part of
development, the same cannot be said of with television, for example, the band at present is disappointingly
programme distribution. Here there is still refuse to move together into slow. It appears that real progress on v.h.f.
much engineering work to be done, even one convenient mass. They coverage is going to have to wait until 1990
before we start to consider the new satellite are, of course, distributed or thereabouts.
So our 60 years have brought us to a
very satisfactory state of studio and o.b.
origination quality and facilities, although
improvements and refinements will, of
course, continue; but availability of televi-
sion and radio services to all the public is
by no means complete and much work
remains to be done to improve this.
The first priority of BBC engineering in
1922 was to extend coverage and, while
enormous progress has been made, it re-
mains a priority today.

The future
It is fashionable nowadays to talk of 'the
technological revolution'. The term has
become a cliché which all decent men now.
avoid, but it cannot be denied that it is in
some senses a true one.
Certainly, there are technological de-
velopments now in progress which will
profoundly change the broadcasting scene.
There will not be dramatic technological
revolution - there never has been one -
but in the next few years we shall all be-
come increasingly aware of major changes
and new opportunities.
Wider choice
The first and the most publicly obvious
area of development will be the provision.
of additional programme channels In
television, the start of the 4th channel
(ITV's second programme) is upon us and
this will complete the exploitation of ter-
restrial broadcasting in the u.h.f. Bands IV
and V. The obsolete 405 -line television
Prototype dish for satellite television broadcasts.
services in the v.h.f. Bands I and III are in
process of being closed down and it is these will be made available for two new process 'since broadcasting began. But
possible, although not yet decided*, for BBC programme services from 1986. The there are'now more opportunities for parti-
Band III to be re-engineered to provide a remaining three UK d.b.s. channels will cular advances stemming from the "tech-
fifth 625 -line television network, perhaps no doubt be allotted in future years. The nical (r)evolution".
on a regional basis. No other v.h.f. or year 1986 will therefore see six broad- Satellite broadcasting, for example,
u.h.f. spectrum is allocated for television casting television programme channels in offers such advancement opportunities. The
broadcasting, so that four television pro- the UK, with the possibility of the total effective video bandwidth which can be
gramme networks with the possibility of a rising to ten in future years. modulated onto a 27MHz satellite channel
fifth will be the long-term limit of terres- The number of television programmes is, at about 10 MHz, appreciably wider
trial transmission. Provision of these addi- available could increase even further as the than the 5.5MHz offered by existing ter-
tional channels represents 'more of the proposed wide -band cable systems come restrial transmissions; and this wider
same' rather than any technological inno- into operation. In theory at least, a wide- bandwidth can readily be exploited to re-
vation. band cable system could carry thirty or move some of the defects of the present
On a different level (literally!) is the forty television channels and to this can be PAL signals. Conventional PAL employs
introduction of direct broadcasting by sa- added the choice of programmes available ingenious interleaving of the brightness
tellite (d.b.s.). Satellite reception on a in the homes of people equipped with (luminance) and the colour (chrominance)
domestic basis has indeed been made feas- video-cassette or disc players. As one final components of the signal, but exhibits
ible by recent technological advances, al- tit-bit, it will be possible for some satellite some degree of mutual interference be-
though these are refinements of techniques receiver owners who are willing to spend a tween luminance and chrominance, result-
already used in the communications field bit more money to receive programmes ing in the flashes of false colour on finely
rather than a current new development. from foreign satellites in addition to those detailed patterns (cross chrominance) and
With most other European countries, the of the UK. moving dot patterns on sharp edges (cross
UK has been allocated five d.b.s. channels luminance). Both these cross effects are
in the 12 GHz band and the first two of Quality improvements minimized by restricting the luminance
*But see interim report of Merriman Inquiry, Improvement of the technical quality of bandwidth of the PAL signals in the re-
News vision and sound has been a continuing ceiver, but this results in limited picture
definition and leaves some of the cross
BBC satellite up -link terminal coupled to effects still apparent.
standard radio -link van. The wider satellite bandwidth will en-
able us to transmit luminance and chromi-
nance signals separately, so that cross
effects are eliminated without the need to
restrict luminance bandwidth. The Re-
search Department has evolved a system
known as Extended PAL to achieve this,
offering satellite pictures of full 5.5 MHz
resolution with no cross colour or cross
luminance distortions. With Extended
PAL transmissions, existing receivers
could still be used and would enjoy free-
dom from cross colour and cross lumi-
nance; while a new receiver, designed to
exploit Extended PAL to the full and em-
bodying a high -resolution cathode-ray
tube display, would give the additional
benefit of appreciably sharper pictures.
The IBA has also devised a system to
exploit video satellite bandwidths. Known
as Multiplexed Analogue Components
(MAC), the IBA system also offers free- of digital sound signals. These were not many of the ideas which are being gener-
dom from cross colour and cross lumi- very successful due to digit corruption by ated by engineers with broadcast applica-
nance, although in the form proposed multipath (reflected signal) effects am it is tions in mind.
there would be no significant improvement difficult to see how this problem could be Development of cable systems, in parti-
in picture definition. overcome. Satellite signals are not, of cular, leads some people to forecast the
Both Extended PAL and MAC provide course, subject to multipath distorticn. eventual demise of broadcasting. But from
separate transmission and reception of lu- BBC investigations into the possibiities an engineering standpoint, cable is simply
minance and chrominance components. for stereophonic sound on terres sially- another means of programme distribution
Given this, modern digital storage and sig- transmitted television are accordingly and there is no fundamental reason why
nal-processing techniques offer the pos- based at present on analogue methods On - broadcasting (and the BBC in particular)
sibility of standards conversion within the air experiments with a dual sub -carrier should depend for its existence on distri-
receiver at a cost which would be accept- analogue system are currently in hanu+, the bution by radiated signals. BBC engi-
able in a domestic product. The implication critical factor to be assessed being the ab- neering will adapt in the future, as in the
of this is that picture signals, although still sence of interference to existing, mono- past, to whatever technological advances
transmitted in 625 line 50 field/s form, phonic, television receivers. The addition are appropriate to the time and will no
could be converted in the receiver and of stereo sound to terrestrial television will doubt be ready to exploit the potentialities
displayed on a higher standard with, say, surely come, but is likely to be some years of cable or any other distribution methods.
1250 lines or 100 field/s or both. Although
in development. Even when a satisfactory This is not to say that the BBC is now
there would be no mere information transmission system is agreed, a long and considering setting up or operating a cable
transmitted, a display with much less expensive programme of work will be system on its own account, any more than
visible line structure and free from flicker needed to provide a stereo sound dis sibu- it plans to build and launch its own satel-
could be subjectively far more pleasing. tion system from the studio centres to the lite, but it can be expected to continue to
Considerable research effort has gone into country -wide transmitter network. play a significant role in the technological
these possibilities, with the hope that a development of distribution systems of the
large, bright, high resolution display de- Other forms of distribution future.
vice will appear in due course to do justice Distribution by wideband cable ;optical
to such advances. fibre or co-axial) and by video disc could Programme origination
be free from the bandwidth restrictions Extension and refinement of digital tech-
The longer-term goal is, of course, true which limit the capabilities of terrestrial
high-definition television (h.d.t.v.) whose niques will surely be the dominant theme
and, to a lesser extent, satellite broad- in the development of studio origination
picture would be actually generated and casting. The extent and the time scale of
transmitted on high line and field rates and lequipment. BBC engineering research and
implementation of these new media cannot (development has been in the forefront of
would thus genuinely carry more informa- at present be forecast with any certainty,
tion. The difficulty is that real h.d.t.v. many advances in this area and will cer-
but the potential is there for exploita -ion of tainly continue to be so, both nationally in
would require a bandwidth of some 30
MHz and is thus beyond the capacity of collaboration with British Industry and in
currently -planned satellite channels in the the international sphere, where co-opera-
12 GHz band, unless it could be accepted tion and standardization are so important.
that two or three 12 GHz channels could The main advantages of digital signals
be employed for a single h.d.t.v. signal: and equipment are reliability and resis-
but this seems an uneconomically lavish tance to distortion. These virtues are of
use of the available spectrum. great importance to a large broadcasting
Progress towards broadcast h.d.t.v. organization, where breakdowns or signal
must be either in considerable advances in impairment are expensive hindrances to
bandwidth -comparison techniques, or in the tightly -knit flow of programme pro-
the use of a higher -frequency (say 40 GHz) duction: but, like many virtues, they are
satellite broadcasting band where more ;perhaps a little unglamorous. More ob-
spectrum space could be available. But Iviously exciting are the opportunities
such high frequencies are very susceptible offered, not so much by digitization as
to absorption by rain or snow storms, so such, but rather by the ease and economy
the viability of this approach must be in with which digital signals can be stored
doubt. The ingenuity of BBC engineers, and manipulated. Once a picture signal
and others, will certainly be focused on can be held in store and made available for
these problems in the years to come. Not manipulation, all sorts of possibilities pre-
only are there intriguing possibilities for sent themselves in the way of special
improvements in picture quality, but effects, graphics, standards conversion,
sound signals also can be expected to show noise reduction, removal of blemishes and
dramatic advances. A satellite broad- programme editing. Digital storage is also
casting channel will accommodate, in addi- fundamental to the development of in-
tion to wider -bandwidth picture signals, a formation systems such as teletext and the
radio-data system for identification of
number of high -quality digital sound chan-
nels. BBC proposals, for which it is hoped radio programme signals.
soon to receive international agreement, * *
envisage six such sound signals with each
of the two satellite channels, of which two In the early 1920s, BBC engineering seized
would form a pair for stereo sound accom- on the new technology of electronics and
panying the television picture, with the carried it forward in the broadcasting field
remainder affording a vehicle for high - with enthusiasm and innovation. In the
quality stereo radio programmes. Extended Pal. Top picture shows part of early 1980s, we are once again in the fairly
The advent of the BBC satellite broad- Test -Card Fas seen in the studio. Second early stages of what is virtually a new tech-
casting channels in 1986, therefore, will frame is picture as normally seen with nology, that of microelectronics and digital
see the first direct transmission of digital existing equipment -distortions in the processing. Once again, a broad vista of
sound and the first opportunity for broad- frequency bars are evident. Third picture is new opportunities opens up before us and
cast stereo television sound in the UK. picture transmitted by Extended Pai but the next 60 years of BBC engineering
received on conventional equipment. Final promises to be as exciting as the first.
The BBC, some years ago, conducted frame shows result of E.Pal transmissions
experiments in the terrestrial transmission and E.Pal decoder. Mir
MEMORY SYSTEMS
An introduction to the common types of memory cell and array, with their characteristics,
and the application of memory to microprocessors
In a computer both instructions and by L. Macari low signal, so when data is to be placed in
data are stored in various kinds of the memory at a given address the address
memory, whose design depends on the must be given time to settle and locate the
type of storage needed, whether it is required word in the memory. The time
permanent, semi -permanent or temporary, selected by pulling S low, this must now
be done. If the data lines have tristate
allowed for in Fig. 3 is known as tsu(A) -
and on whether the stored information can the address set-up time, which can be zero
be examined at random or in some kind of outputs they will remain at high im- for some devices. After tsu(A), the write-
sequence. This two-part article outlines pedance for a time is -
the select time, enable line can be made active and must
the memories most often used with after which valid data will appear on the remain active for at least tW -
the smallest
microprocessors. data lines. The time between valid address write -pulse width. If the memory device is
To illustrate the structure of a simple and valid data is known as the access time not selected, SEL must go low for at least
memory, Fig. 1(b) shows eight storage to for the memory and is specified as a tsu(s) before the write -enable goes off
locations, each capable of storing one bit, maximum value. again. The time tsu(s) is the set-up time for
i.e. an 8 bit memory or an 8 x 1 bit If the address is now changed, the data select.
memory. If each cell in the memory (Fig. lines will remain steady for a time
the `data -hold' time after an address
tj - If the correct data is to be placed in the
1(a)) is a simple Nor gate memory, it is chosen memory location then input data
possible to arrange control and data lines change. Taking S high causes the new must be valid for a time tsu(D) before
so that the state of the data line is latched and possibly changing data to remain on WRITE goes high again.
on to the memory when the W line is the data lines for a time td -
the disable The data must also be held valid for a time
low as shown in the diagram. time, after which the lines will return to a
high -impedance state.
tx(D) - the data -hold time, after the
When eight cells are combined in a WRITE signal is made inac-
single memory circuit, some means of Write cycle. It is usual for the `write ena- tive. (This time can also be zero.) The
selecting the cell required for writing or ble' control on a memory to be an active - address must also remain valid for a time
reading must be available. A 3 -line -to -8 -
line decoder is the simplest way to provide
the necessary address lines internally from Data out
the three external address lines, each out-
put line from the decoder selecting a single
cell of the memory. The W (write ena-
ble) and S (device select) lines deter- DI DO
mine whether the data is being written or

read and whether the circuit is selected or
not.
Although there are no commercial
memories with as few cells, the same prin-
ciples apply to larger configurations.
When the number of words stored is large,
more than one decoder will be used and a Write
row/column matrix will be used to select a
particular word in the memory. As an tsu
example, the 4096 x 1 bit memory has 12
address lines. These are split into two 6 - Data Data valid (a)
line -to -64 -line decoders. The outputs from
the two decoders will then be combined so
that any two together will allow one word
(in this case one cell) to be accessed.
WO Dato in O
Timing diagrams DI DO
Although it may appear to be the wrong

order to look at timing diagrams for the
read cycle before those of the write cycle, it Wo Word line
is more convenient to do so because the Ao
diagram is simpler than that for the write o
Al 3 line -
operation. It must, therefore, be assumed o 8 line DI DO
that the memory has been loaded with A2 decoder
o
data.
Read cycle. To access one item of data the W
address of the location in memory must be
present as a binary pattern on the address s
lines, and must remain stable during the o O
(b) Data out
time the data is being read, as in Fig. 2. If
the memory device has not previously been
Fig. 1. A simple memory. At (a), a single cell of the memory, using Nor gates: when Write is
low, data is latched in. Eight such cells are used in the 8 bit memory at (b), which is provided
The author is at the Paisley College of Tech- with a decoder, deriving eight cell addresses from three input lines. Data is always at the
nology, working in the Microelectronics Educa- output. In a real memory, input and output data lines are multiplexed to give a single data
tional Development Centre. line.
52
tH{A) - the address -hold time, after the
WRITE is made inactive.
tc
Some memory devices have more than
one select line. In such cases, all the select
lines must be in their active states for the
memory read or write functions to be per-
Address
formed.
The terminology used here for the
various time delays of the read and write
cycles is not standardized, each manufac-
turer using different terms. What is impor-
Select tant is that the diagrams and the signifi-
cance of the various propagation times be
t5
taken account of when a memory system is
tHA
to be matched to a given processor running
at a particular clock frequency.
Data high
To choose a speed to suit the micropro-
impedance
Data valid cessor and the clock rate at which it runs,
it is necessary to examine the manufactur-
to
er's data to see how many clock cycles are
involved in read or write operations and to
Fig. 2. Timing of a 'read' cycle of operations. choose the speed of the memory to be
faster than this time.
As an example, the 8085 A-2 micropro-
451
Glossary
A 1024 x 4 bit memory has 10 address Read-only memory

Microcomputer memories fall into a
The data in this type of memory is
number of different categories, lines.
stored using techniques which are
semiconductor and magnetic being the A 32 x 8 bit memory has 5 address
lines. usua1y different from those used to
most common types: large computers read the data back from the memory.
use the same technologies for data sto-
rage, These are some of the terms used If a memory is to be of any value, it - Mask programming is done at the
to describe memories and their opera- must be possible to place data in it and manufacturing stage and the data
tion. at some other time examine the data. storage is permanent.
Some memories are designed so that - Fusible -link roms are constructed
these operations can be performed with of arrays of transistors with links,
Deli
equal ease, while others are designed which can be 'blown' by the appli-
A device within a memory which can
store a single bit of information, e.g. a
for more permanent storage and the cation of suitable voltages. The
flip-flap. A memory consists of an array placing of data is only performed once, blown and non -blown links
or at most a few times, in the memory's constitute the 1s and Os in the
of cells.
life. memory.
Storage capacity
The total number of cells contained in Write operation
- Ultra -violet -erasable roms. This
type of memory hes a transparent
the memory device, i.e. the total capa- This is the term used to describe the window over the semiconductor
city in terms of bits. placing of data in a memory and is also in the i.o. package. Application of
Word known as a store operation. suitable voltage levels program
One or more cells within the memory Read operation the is and Os which are then rem
which contain one item of data. The This is the means whereby the informa- tained even when the supply is
memory consists of a number of these tion stored.in the memory is obtained at removed. When it is required to
units of data (usually a power of 2). the data terminals of the device, In replace the data in the rom it is
Some data sheets quote the number of memories where read and write opera- irradiated with u.v. light, which
words and the size of the words instead tions are performed with equal ease, it erases the data stored and makes
of the capacity. Some memories have is usual to have a control line to deter- it possible to write new data to the
as few as one bit per word. Four-bit and mine what operation is being per- memory.
eight-bit words are the other most com- formed. This signal line is usually ac- When data is erased frequently it
mon sizes of memory words. tive -low for a write operation and is becomes progressively more dif-
Byte labellad W or sometimes RAW. ficult to store data in the memory,
The term used for an eight -bit word. Read and write cycle times in electrically -erasable roms, the
Examples are: 4096 x 1 bit memory, The cycle time is the minimum time write operation is still a different
which can store 4096 words of 1 bit which can be taken between successive operation, but it can be performed
length, and which has, therefore, capa- operations of the same kind. without removing the i.c. from the
city of 4096 bits; 1024 x 8 bit memory, system and requires only the ap-
Random access plication of the correct voltage
storing 1024 words of 8 bit length, i.e. A memory for which the location of the
1024 bytes, with a capacity of 8192; 32 levels.
data does not affect the time taken to Core-store memory
x 8 bit memory, with 32 bytes of sto- write or read the data is known as a
rage, i.e. 256 bits. Memory which makes use of a ferrite
random-access memory. ring for each data cell, the direction of
Address
The unigüe number which identifies a
Sequential access magnetization of the cell determining
if the data is stored in some sequential the binary state of the data stored.
particular word in memory is known as
device, such as a shift register or mag- Non-volatile memory
the address of that word. If the memory netic tape, then access time to a particu-
can store 2N words of data, there are N
Memory which retains its data when the
lar data position depends on the posi- supply is removed (or fails) is known as
address lines to the device, so that each
of the 2N possible binary patterns ap-
tion. non-volatile memory. Rom and core,
plied to the address lines will locate a Readiwlte memory and all magnetic memory is non-vola-
data word. Memory for which read and write tile. Ram can be made non-volatile by
operations are performed with equal placing back-up batteries on the
A 4096 x 1 bit memory has 12 address ease. Memory known as ram is really memory boards to provide for the event
lines. read/write memory. of supply failure.
I
53
cessor can use a 5 MHz internal clock. The
processor expects valid data two clock cy-
cles after the address has been set up. This
is a time of 4O0ns, so the access time of the
memory devices used with this processor
Address valid
must be shorter than this, 350 ns being a
satisfactory figure.
tH(A)
tw Connecting to a processor
Write
Figure 4 (a) shows, as an example, a
system requiring a monitor program in
rom, which is 4096 words in length and
tsu(s) written into two 2K x 8 bit roms. If the
rest of the 64K memory space is to be fully
utilized with read/write memory, using 4K
Sel
x 1 bit memories, how can such a system
be arranged, assuming that the rom is to
tSU(D) tH(DI use the bottom 4K of memory space?
The ram chips have 12 address lines and
a single data line, while the roms have 11
address lines and eight data lines. 4K x 8
blocks of ram can be made up by connect-
ing the address lines of eight 4K x 1 bit
Rg. 3. 'Write' cycle timing. Terminology varies with manufacturers. rams in parallel and using one chip for
each of the eight data positions. The 2K x
8 bit roms can be made into a 4K x 8 bit
block, requiring 12 address lines, by tak-
ing the address line A 11 to the two S
lines on the rom devices using the gating
12 address lines circuit shown. This can now be drawn as a
12 4K x 8 block of rom, with an active -low
select line.
How are all the 4K x 8 blocks to be
connected to the 16 address lines to use up
the full amount of the memory space? First
4096 x 8
of all, parallel all the address lines on the
4K memory blocks in Fig. 4 (b) and
connect these to the least significant 12 bits
of the address bus on the processor. The
four remaining address bits can now be
tb0 8 data lines taken to a 4 -line -to-16 -line decoder whose
outputs are active low. Each of these out-
puts can be used to select a 4K block of
memory, DO being used for the rom and
D1 - D15 for the ram devices. The rele-
vant control lines for reading and writing
11
U
2048 x 8 --- =4096x8

memory as required.`
would then be connected to the sections of
To be continued
Ai
40-A10 P Sdata tines

11 address lines
Meteosat high -resolution
fidata lines images
Table 2 on page 62 of Mike Christie -
A15
D-- D15 (S
son's August article, describing
Al2
4-16 tine
decoder
o-
D
DO
D1
D2
4096 x 8 add-on circuits for his weather -sa-
tellite receiver, consists of three
eight -bit words. The circuit of Fig. 5
D D15
on page 83 of the October, issue
A11
should sense these three words but
is actually shown wired to sense
P 02
4096x8 fJ three different words. Readers who
find it difficult to work out what the
Di correct wiring should be may ob-
4096x8 1-74-/ tain a photocopy of the correct dia-
gram by sending an s.a.e. to Wire-
less World Meteosat, Room L3O3,
4096x8 -f- Quadrant House, The Quadrant,
AO
12 address tines Sutton, Surrey SM2 5AS. The
original weather-satellite receiver,
Fig. 4. Using both ram and rom with a micro. 4K x 1 bit ram blocks at (a) are made designed for Tiros N high -resolu-
into a 4K x 8 bit memory and 2K x 8 bit roms are similarly arranged as in (b). All tion images, was described in the
these 4K blocks are then connected as in (c). November/December 1981 and
January 1982 issues.

CIRC E
+5V Z80 -based 2516
2k2 programmer
2 14(1113k8 This simple programmer has few compo-
4 nents, is easy to operate, and can be used
9l.74LS123 390 to verify 2516 eproms. Originally designed
3
qT
13
for the Wireless World scientific computer,
it can easily be modified to suit other Z80 -
820 Rext/lextl +5V
MREQ4 -4-- 5
820
9 > 2k2
:-k
based systems.
MREQ4 is an 8K page -select signal for
address area 6000-7FFF though any other
74LS05
unused select signal covering at least 2K of
'
R ---r13
D 8 memory can be used. When this line goes
74LSOS
low, read line RD remains high and
20 18
Wait
the monostable is triggered, resulting in a
+25V positive 50ms pulse on the chip -enable
input and forcing latching of the processor
7
+5V data and address lines through a low wait
6
signal.
5 17
Verification of the byte is possible since
16
decoding and propagation delays result in
the read signal going low before the
4
TMS or
15
3 INTEL 2516
memory -request signal so the monostable
is inhibited. Now, the eprom output enable
2 14
13 is active and data is gated onto the bus.

23 11 As the write signal arrives too late to
22 10 produce the processor wait signal, wait is
19 not carried out until the next cycle, i.e. an
A10 op-code fetch. Also wait inhibits the
processor's dynamic ram refresh signals.
To avoid spurious programming, the 25V
supply to pin 21 should be applied after,
and removed before, the 5V supply to pin
24 of the eprom.
Specifically for the scientific computer,
bus request and wait signals should be
separated, with the last-mentioned connec-
ted to +5V through a 2.2kS1 resistor and
linked to a spare pin on the expansion
socket. Bus request is tied to +5V using
the 47kí2 resistor already on the board.
Single -byte programming is carried out
using the ALT command. The routine for
11 0010 LD DE,1000 ;Start of ram all 2048 locations shown takes about 100
21 00 60 LD HL,6000 ;Start of eprom
1A LD A,IDE) ;Get byte seconds and uses the Mk III monitor.
NEXT 77 LD(HL),A ;Program it Vincent M. Grayson
BE CP(HL) ;Verify Haywards Heath
28 04 JRZ,SUCCESS
CD 80 03 CALL 0380 ;New-line & print HL
C7 RST O ;Return to monitor
SUCCESS 13 INC DE ;Next byte
23 INC HL ;Next eprom address Gray -to -binary
LD A,H
7C
FE 68 CP 68 ;Finished? converter
20 FO JRNZ,NEXT -
;No continue Whilst the Gray to binary converter pro-
C7 RST O ;Return to monitor
posed by J. J. Mouton (Circuit Ideas, Oc-
tober 1981 issue) undoubtedly produces
the correct conversion, it is inefficient in
terms of component count. This is a direct
Logic table for 2516 result of the generation of a wealth of re-
OE Output Mode
CE dundant terms, a problem which increases
L L +5 Clout read with the number of bits being used in the
H H or L +5 high Z standby system. A ten -bit converter, for example,
pulsed L -to -H H +25 D;r, program would require 45 exclusive -Or gates.
L +25 pout program verify An alternative circuit is given in Fig. 1,
L
which merely requires one gate fewer than
L H +25 high Z program inhibit
the number of bits in the code. This dras-
tic reduction in parts is possible because,
55
CIRCUIT IDEAS
as with And and Or gates, a combinational
network using several exclusive -Or gates
mS
in cascade to increase the number of inputs s
also allows these inputs to be interchange- bn-1 ºn 1
able. Considering part of J. J. Mouton's

circuit, Fig. 2, a term D has been gener-
ated from input A being exclusive Ored
with input B, which has further been ex-
E)IB bn-2 n-2
clusive Ored with input C. The Boolean
expression for this is Gray Binary
input output
Aouc=A.B.C+A.B.Z
Exclusive -Or gate 1 may be eliminated by
exclusive-Oring the already derived output
B with the input A. The only difference is
that to produce the A output, input terms
ms E E b1 í)>-»- 91
A and C have been exchanged yielding the

term
º0 b0
-
b0
Aoac=1.B.C+H.B .C+A.B.C+A.B.0 s. M.S.

A
which is equivalent to the previous expres- Gray
Binary
binary Gray- binary
input
sion. This principle can be propagated output
through each successive bit, eliminating B 9i =bi O bi+1 b1 =g1 Ubi,i
B
with with
the redundant gates and producing the A A
circuit of Fig. 1 which may be expanded to bn=0 bn = 0
any number of terms.
P. Gladdish
Holbrook
Derbyshire
proved circuit, Fig. 3, is in the same form more bits in a connected sequence, includ-
Here is a more elegant solution to the bias the original, although this is not in- ing the 1.s.b. The corresponding Gray code
nary -Gray interconversion logic; if the tended as parody. changes only one bit, the one correspond-
original idea had interest, this smaller im- A number in binary with n bits has a ing to the highest changed bit in the binary
plementation presumably has greater in- corresponding Gray code with n bits. The sequence. Code interconversion may be
terest. I cannot claim any originality in the number zero is represented by all bits zero achieved as shown.
design (e.g. "Switching theory in space in both codes. When any number is incre- P. Kirkby
technology", pp. 75-76, 1%3). The im - mented the binary code changes one or Ipswich
Automatic intensity tion and the circuit consumes no current l.d.r., used behind a mask with a lmm2
when the display is blanked; thermal aperture. Lowering R3 reduces the
control for leds effects are imperceptible. minimum led current. Due to the necessity
To save power and reduce glare at low The original circuit running from a 10V to monitor the current through at least one
ambient -light levels this simple circuit supply produced sufficient brightness to led, segment c must be used in conjunction
keeps luminance roughly proportional to be easily readable in bright daylight, ex- with any other except f.
incident illumination over more than two cept with direct sunlight on the display, M. G. Rainer
decades. Operation of the circuit is unnotice- using a high -brightness orange two -digit St Ives
able even with rapid changes of illumina- display. Resistor R1 was chosen to suit the Cambridgeshire
To other
display
cathodes

Inour
Clock-triggered level shifters which can be simply inserted
between the 0 output of the D -flip flops
next issue
triangular generator (CD4O13) and the control inputs of the
In the circuit of G. Tombras (June 1982, analogue switches (CD4O16) to act as in- by
page 60) output signals of the two CD4O13 terfaces between the different logic levels,
Morse decoding
act as control signals to the analogue H = +5V and L = OV of the output microcomputer, by J. P.
switches. From his circuit diagram +5v signals of the CD4O13 on one hand and Sargent, uses a 567 tone
and OV represent high and low signal - that of the valid control input signals (H decoding i.c. and seven -bit
states respectively. But c.m.o.s. analogue OV and L = -5V) of the CD4O16 on the clock to time incoming sig-
switches permit peak input -signal voltage other. na=s. Morse code is in-
swings within the full supply voltage
range; peak input-signal voltage swings C. C. Odukwe terfaced tc a ZX81 via a
outside this range cannot be transmitted. Gelsenkirchen-Buer p.i.o. chip. Machine code
The circuit is easily adapted by logic Germany routines use this data to
provide ip to 9 lines of
text.
A leading Japanese re-

Logic search engineer, Y. Hìrata,
0 R Q
H= +SV
level
shifter H=OV discussed the distortions
=-5V
1/2CD4013
L = OV L
in analogue and digital
Gl
recordings, gives mea-
l s
-5V - surements of non -lineari -
R
ties in four p.c.m. proces-
Clock ..--411 sors, and compares them
+ =-V
wìtl- results from three
S b
ana ogue tape recorders.
112C04013 112 CD4016
Logic
1
Ì D R Q H= +5V
level
shifter H=OV Logic maps, by N. Dar -
L=OV L = -5V
woad, gives the history of
methods for showing logi-
cal truths - from 13th
century Lull to present-day
Karnaugh maps.
resistive loading. In addition, a Ltd. -com-
Speed control for patible on/off input with active braking To int-oduce computer
small motors and independent speed and damping con- networks, Philip Barker
Designed initially for use in a floppy -tape trols are provided. The on/off transistor is describes some of the cur-
transport mechanism, this circuit senses a 2N1893 and the braking diode D is a
back-e.m.f. for speed control. Unlike 1N4148. The value of R depends on the rant approaches used to
similar circuits, this one also detects cur- supply voltage. link together two or more
rent and can differentiate between motor P. H. Pazov computer systems.
voltage due to back-e.m.f. and that due to London
+16V unregulated Picotutor is a micropro-
V cessor assembly language
723 7 tra ner, described by Bob
I
7V2
Coates, the Nanocomp de-
signer. and assumes no
Current
previous experience of
10
limit
microprocessors.
4 3 2 3R3
5 1
V- Vref Non Inverting Current sen e

inverting in
On sale
in
Speed Damping
n. 300p
Nov 17
22k 22k 1k5
On/otf 33n 300p

300p
Ittl. compati 10
WIRELESS WORLD NOvEMBER 1982 57

PHILIPS
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59
MODULAR
PREAMPLIFIER
The basic system described in the first
article is developed by the addition of further
-
modules tone control, bass and treble
filters and a headphone amplifier. Part one
dealt with power supply, pickup amplifier, mixer and impedance converter.
Although the system described in the first by J. L. Linsley Hood ponse, with all of the sliders set `level' at
part of this article will work very well any point other than the precise mid -posi-
when the programme sources, the loud- tion, is likely to be exceedingly ragged.
speakers, and the listening conditions are These major limitations, in the bulk of
all as good as one would wish, it is, unfor- units of this type, have earned the arrange-
tunately, in the nature of things that for of the adjustment is valuable, it does make ment the reputation of being more for the
part of the time in some circumstances, it more difficult to return to a previously lover of sound than the lover of music.
and all of the time in others, it will be found combination of control positions. Slope or tilt control. This concept (c) has
desirable to modify the signal in its route Graphic equalizer. The basic intention of recently been proposed, as a means of giv-
from source to listener. I am, therefore, the arrangement at (b) is a good one that - ing a small but continuous skew to the
going to describe some of the more con- the received frequency spectrum should be frequency response, to correct for the
ventional of these signal -modification divided up into eight or nine octave bands, sound appearing over-`toppy' or bass
modules in this part of the series: these are within which the gain of the system can be heavy, and it does offer some unobtrusive
the tone control, the treble filter, and the individually adjusted, as required, by indi- benefits in use. However, like the Baxan-
rumble filter. Since it may be useful at this vidual, calibrated -slider potentiometers. dall, it does not offer any opportunity to
stage, I am also giving details of the Alas, in the way in which it is normally make an adjustment, perhaps quite small,
headphone amplifier. These circuits are all implemented, with each octave band being to a particular part of the frequency
based on dual, low -noise, low -distortion selected by one or other of a group of LC response where some improvement is
operational amplifiers wherever the signal tuned circuits, the transient response of required.
level allowed, and are all, with the neces- the arrangement, to a square -wave or step- Step frequency adjustment. Having
sary exclusion of the headphone amplifier, function input, is both complex and un- Contemplated this point for some years,
unity -gain, non -inverting stages, so that natural. Moreover, the frequency res - the conviction has grown on me that it
they may be included, or omitted, as de-
sired - either in the constructional stage,
or by subsequent switching. ia1
Fig. 9. Adjustments of frequency response +
Tone control offered by various types of tone -control
Tone -controls have been the source of -
circuit. Baxandall still the best known -
some debate among the `hi-fi' fraternity is at (a): no selective adjustment of any Frequency
over the past decade, with the purists in- band is possible. Graphic equalizer at (b)
sisting that the signal should be accepted, adjusts frequency bands, but can distort
waveforms. Slope control, shown at (c) Bass Treble
or rejected, as it stands. However, for broadly similar to Baxandall, but whole
those of us who are a little less pure, the response is varied. At (d) is the step
nature of our tinkering with the frequency frequency adjustment, which would be
response is still an interesting question, useful, but additional steps would not be of
and there are a number of options from equal size. Response (e) is 'Clapham
which to choose. Figure 9 shows the types Junction' which is a development of (d) in
of frequency response adjustment offered which steps are additive.
by these.
Baxandall. This circuit, originally des- (c)
cribed in these pages by P. J. Baxandall,
over thirty years ago' is still the most
popular circuit of this type and is used in (d)
the majority of audio amplifiers, the world "o Frequency ç
over, in one or other of its contemporary
forms. The practical shortcomings of the 3o
Frequency
circuit (a) are mainly that it does not allow
any scope for selective adjustment of the
frequency response, except for raising or (e)
lowering the signal level at bass or treble, SO 100 200 400 800Hz 1k5 3k 7k 14k
though the frequencies at which the lift or

cut can be made may be adjusted by
switching the capacitor values, as I had
done in an earlier amplifier2. Also, with
standard dual -gang potentiometers, it may
not be possible to achieve a level frequency -3
response, simultaneously, in both chan- -6
nels, by any setting of the pots. Finally, -9
although the continuously variable quality
in Fig. 12. This relatively simple imple-
mentation of the basic intention of 9(e)
does have one, not unacceptable, charac-
teristic which is that the lift is partly
achieved by a depression of the remainder
of the spectrum, such that a +3dB shelf
centred on, say, 400Hz would raise the
part of the frequency spectrum below this
frequency by 2.5dB, while lowering that
above it by 0.5dB, and so on, in the man-
(c) s1 S2 S3 Sy ner in which I have shown in Fig. 11.
If need be, the gain control can be used
Ein Rb3 Ra2 Rb2 Rat Rb1 Rb1 Ra1 Rb2 Rat Rb3 Eout to restore the status quo, or it can simply
be accepted as a combination of shelf and
C2 cl [2 slope. A small elaboration of the switching
i -- Ltt
network to remove an equal element of
[ut resistance from both arms each time an RC
element was introduced into circuit would
correct for this, but by this time, I
felt that the circuit and its associated
switching had grown complex enough.
Fig. 10. Bass (a) and treble (b) lift and cut The small capacitor (C28) across the bass
circuit elements, to give response at Fig. 9 circuit op-amp is to avoid possible troubles
(d). Circuits at (c) and (d) provide additive due to unpredictable inter -wiring stray
steps to give 'C J' type of response.
coupling capacitances.
Putting the two successive phase -invert-
ing stages in series fulfils the original stipu-
and a level gain/frequency characteristic lation that each module in the preamplifier
could be assured when all the lifts and cuts should have unity gain, and be non -invert-
were removed, or where every cut was ing. In the prototype, I have used non -
matched by an equal lift -
or vice versa. interlocking, push-button, double -pole
I have shown one of the possible net- change -over switches, which can be
work arrangements by which these step operated without clicks; indeed, the whole
bass and treble lifts and cuts could be tone control may be switched in and out of
obtained, in an additive manner, in Fig. circuit noiselessly, to compare `with' and
10(c) and (d). In this arrangement, the `without'. Also, the wish that a flat res-
would be most useful to be able to switch switches are arranged so that each time an ponse should be given with all switches
into circuit some arrangement which RC element, such as Ra1C1, is switched out, and with corresponding pairs in, both
would give a small, say 3dB, platform -type into circuit, an element of Rb is switched singly and in multiples, has been met in
lift or cut operating downwards or practice. My only major regret was that, in
out of circuit, restoring the potential
upwards from some specified frequency, designing the p.c.b., I had not gone to the
subsequent gain increment. As shown, any
in the manner shown in (d). If such lifts or number of switched steps could be extra trouble of designing the wiring to the
cuts were truly additive, it might be pos-
adopted, and any required degree of lift or switches so that all I had to do was to plug
sible both to correct an overall programme cut. However, there are practical limits, them into the board. However, this regret
balance, if it seemed bass or treble domi- faded once I had completed the task of
and I have chosen to employ two banks of
nant, but also to achieve a measure of eight push -switches, one for lift, one for wiring it up, and had put right the three or
selective equalization. four erroneous connexions to the switches
cut, which give four possible frequencies
A single -frequency bass or treble lift or each for treble and bass, centred on shown up by square -wave testing, in which
cut can be obtained with the switched - certain pairs did not cancel!
800Hz. The centre frequency itself can
feedback network arrangements shown in effectively be raised or lowered by generat-
Fig. 10(a) and (b), though these circuits ing a symmetrical shelf on either side, leav- Variable-slope treble filter
would only be appropriate for a single step ing it either on a pedestal or in a trench. While some form of tone control stage can
up or down. If the values of Ra and Rb be useful in trimming the overall charac-
Similar trenches or pedestals may be im-
were chosen to give a lift or cut of, say, teristics of the unit, the maximum slopes
plemented elsewhere in the spectrum.
3dB it would be found that a subsequent possible will not exceed 6dB/octave, and
In its simplest usage, with a one or two
RC block switched into circuit would give there may be occasions when some more
stage successive lift in bass or treble, the
only, say, a further 2dB of adjustment, results are similar to that given by the drastic modification is desired. The circuit
and so on, with progressively diminishing of Fig. 13 is a three -element active filter, in
familiar and well-known Baxandall ar-
effect. rangement, except that the steps are fixed which the slope can be varied from -6dB/
`Clapham Junction'-type tone control. If rather than continuously variable, though octave up to a maximum -20dB/octave
it were possible to make a multiple fre- there is scope for doing very much more optimally flat response. The circuit I have
quency step tone -control circuit, in which than this, if required. used is based on a `bootstrap' filter design,
each of the steps was identical in ampli- though a three -element Sallen and Key
I have shown the circuit which I have
tude, and in which the results were truly used for this multiple step tone control, filter could equally well be used with a
additive, the result could be a family of made by combining the separate elements unity -gain, non -inverting amplifier ele-
options of the type shown in 9(e), giving a of Figs 10(c) and (d), in its composite form ment. I have chosen to use a `bootstrap'
whole range of possible frequency res-
ponse paths down which the user could
steer his ultimate frequency response
curve, in the manner of a train negotiating
a railway junction. This would allow a ó
certain measure of discreet doctoring of
the frequency response curve, in a predict- Frequency
able and reproducible fashion and, since it

could be implemented in a feedback path
having a limited phase excursion, the tran-
sient response would be free of ringing, Fig 11. Amplitude -frequency response given by circuits of Fig 10 (c) and (d).
61
S6a S7a S80 S9a S100 silo S120 S130
150Hz) 1100Hz) 1200Hz) (400Hz) 1400Hz) 1200Hz) 1100Hz) 150Hz)
o--- o o . o
R26 R27 R28 R29 R30 R31 R33 R34 R35 R39 R42
R40 I R41 R43
6k8 22k 6k8 22k 6k8 22k 22k 27k 27k 22k 6k8 22k 6k8 22k 6k8 22k
I 6k8
LÌ."
E in C20 150n CP1 68n C22 33n C23 15n CY5 33n C26 68n CP7 150n
22p
C19 Bass cut +15V Bass litt
100p (tantalum) IC5a
1/2TL071
f- -15V R
-
Cancel
o 560
5220
5140
Ryk C29 3n3 C30 3n3 R45 33k
S18a
R47 220k
R4. 220k
(1 5kHzl kHz)
Siso R48 33k C31 1n5 32 1n5 R433 S19a

Cancel
R51 220k
R50 220k
3kHz) (3kHz) R63
S16a
R52 33k C33 680p C34 680p R 33 S20a 560 E out
2b
R54 220k
R5 220k .,"
17kHz) (7kHz)
33\57 33k Fig. 12. Spot -frequency
R56 33k C35 330p
/\A, S21a
5170 36 step -type lift and
R59 220k
'4%, R58 220k cut tone control.
(14kHz) 114kHz )
R61
R60
MA, VV\,
22k 22k
+15V
Treble lift cut
IC6aTreble
bzTL072
-15V
filter circuit because I invented it and, in stages. The input resistor R64 is necessary class A headphone amplifier, in which I
consequence, have a large amount of de- to prevent the input seeing an open -circuit had done the very best job that I then
sign calculations in a form which are intel- when the cancel switch (S23) is open. knew how, in order to preserve the great-
ligible (to me). est amount of information obtainable from
For the convenience of those who may Rumble filter the groove. Listening to some records
wish to employ the circuit arrangement to This uses a similar three -element bootstrap through this amplifier was a delightful,
give different cut-off frequencies, I have filter circuit to that of the treble filter, and and occasionally revealing experience, and
appended the design details at the end of is shown in Fig. 14. showed - perhaps because I was tempted
the article. These also cover the circuit Since the presence of a small hump in to listen at a somewhat greater sound level
component values for the rumble filter the bass response curve is less significant than I would have chosen (or would have
which uses the same circuit configuration. audibly than the same peak in the treble
A variable -slope circuit at which the pivot response, I have calculated the circuit
frequency (by which I mean the turn -over values for a slightly higher 'Q', to give a
point) is constant, can be obtained by re- steeper attenuation rate below the nominal
turning the third -stage integration capaci- 28Hz transition frequency. I have shown
tors (C41 and C42) to the top of the slope the measured gain/frequency characteris-
pot. Unfortunately, this arrangement does tics of the prototype, over the range 9Hz
not give quite -such a good transient res- (the lowest frequency from my signal gen-
ponse, at all settings of the slope control, erator) to 1KHz in the Table. Calculations
as the circuit shown. IC8 is used as a unity - show a "valúe of -43dB at 6Hz, and
gain buffer stage to preserve the constant -49dB at 5hz, which should give an
line impedance required by following adequate rejection of turntable v.l.f.
components.
In use, the circuit shows very little de-
tectable l.f. coloration, but does remove,
Attenuation role of rumble filter. very effectively, occasional rumbles from
28Hz 35Hz poor discs.
OdB There is no particular preferred position
50Hz
Frequency in the post -mixer signal chain for either the
Gain Freq treble or rumble filters. They can be in-
OdB 1kHz serted wherever it is mechanically or
OdB 50Hz electrically convenient.
+07dB 35Hz
-22dB/octave 0dB 30Hz
- 3dB 28Hz Headphone amplifier
- 12dB 20Hz My views on headphone listening un-
- 20dß 15Hz
derwent a change, some few years ago,
- 30dB 10Hz
- 32dB 9Hz when I built for a friend a high -quality
62 WIRELESS WORLD
Cancel Cancel since the lower -impedance 'phones will
S23a Eout generally require a smaller output voltage
Ein swing.
+15V S13ó
R65 1/2T L072 IC7a 1i2TL072 +15V To avoid the possible injection of asym-
R67 ICBa
R68 560
metrical signal components into the
33k
.--
smoothed and regulated 15V supply lines
2k2
C37 470p used to feed the remainder of the pre-
680p
-15V
-15V amplifier, I have drawn the large current
(12kHz) 8kHz1
C38
(40-50mA/channel) supply to the output
524a _-/V R66
transistors from the unregulated ±25V
R64§10k 2k7 line in the power supply unit. This does
S24b 40 not contribute any measurable 50 or
112kHz1 ¡BkHz) 2n2 C41 -10n 100Hz component to the output, though I
9T
C32n2 confess that I was tempted to put in an
extra pair of 7815/7915 regulators just to
10k log
(12kHz) S24c
feed the headphone amplifiers. The gain of
Slope
l8 kHz) four seems about the right value to give a
similar level on 'phones or on speakers
through the power amplifier.
--
8/12kHz Fig. 13. Variable-slope treble filter I have shown the circuit diagram for this
o
- - 0d8 using bootstrap circuit (see appendix). unit in Fig. 15. The output transistors
L7
Frequency (four in all, since only one channel is
shown) are mounted, with insulating
-6dB/octave
build. Fortunately, the low -distortion i.c. washers, on a piece of aluminium sheet,
allows a simplification in this area too, and some 6 x 2in overall, bent into a U -shape to
allows a smooth transient response on re- take two transistors on either side. No
sistive and reactive loads, and a distortion further mounting fixtures are then re-
-20dB/
octave below 0.01% on all loads down to 8 ohms, quired for this plate, which can be painted
up to 3V r.m.s. output. The amplifier will black, with advantage. The voltage regular
- operate in class A under almost all i.cs in the power supply can employ a
been permitted!) on loudspeakers
headphone load conditions, especially similar heat sink.
things which I had not previously heard on
the discs in question.
It also, and I suppose there must be a fly Cancel
Cancel
in every ointment, showed that some Eout
Ein
records, which I had previously thought to S250 S25b j.13
be very good, had substantial unobserved
faults - such as the most irritating (once IC9a 1hTL072
IC10a 1hTL072
heard) background breathing of a noise C44 220n +15V
+15V
R72 560
reduction circuit, where the increase in + C46
hiss once the music increased in volume
reminded me strongly of listening to a 2120n
string quartet playing on a shingle sea C43 1i1 R69 6k8

-15V
-15V
shore, where the waves came in as soon as
the instruments began to play, and receded C45
again when they stopped. R71 10k

4»7
However, on balance, I R70 3k3
think a good headphone
amplifier is a 'good thing', and
preferably should be placed
ahead of the power amplifier, Fig. 14. Rumble filter for different cut-off frequencies - see appendix.
to shorten the audio chain.
The snag, for me, was that I
already had a very good,
though complex, head-
phone amplifier, and R76 Z 10k
I wanted one which
was equally good From previous preamplifier stages 1N4148
but simpler to o s IC11a +15V
Volume 1i2TL072 R75 6
5<
10k
Ott
S26a
Main amp
switch
JOn
-15V
C48
I
110p
R74
10k
To power
3k3 68 R80 4R7
amplifier 3 R77
C5022y
08 1N4148
T o o
I
Headphone outputs
C47 d 10» tantalum R78 Z10k
OV
-15V
*On small heatsink. See text
Fig. 15. Class A headphone amplifier - one channel shown.

63
In the next part of this article, I will
describe the head amplifier for use with
moving -coil pick-up cartridges, the
microphone amplifier, the stereo image-
width control - which will allow an in-
crease in channel separation as well as a
blend facility, the impulse noise -blanker
circuit, which allows a useful reduction in
E¡n 1
, Ì-''
C3
Evut
the intensity of the annoying clicks and C2,

bangs which occur repetitively on a
scratched gramophone record, and the sig-
nal-strength metering circuit.
OV
References
1. Baxandall, P. J. Wireless World, October
1952, pp402-405. RI
2. Linsley Hood, J. L. Hi-Fi News and
Record Review, January 1973, pp60-63. )Lex
1 ... fì2
Cl
Appendix Z
The calculations below refer to the dia-

grams in Fig. 16, and are calculated to give T
a unity -gain system with a 0dB point at fo
Any second -order active filter with a QI
value greater than 0.707 will have a fre-,
quency response peak at the value I have
defined as fo. If a third RC leg is added to
restore the gain at this point to unity, the sootstrap'' filter for C3(
ultimate slope above or below this point third arder flat response. )-tim
can be increased. The optimally flat But-

terworth characteristic is given by a third -
order filter of this type with a Q of V'2,
which will give an ultimate attenuation over can be given with preferred R and C allow the implementation of a whole range
slope of -18dB/octave. The Q can, values. If this is not the case, a different of steep -cut filters which can be based on
however, be pushed a bit higher than this value of y can be used as the basis for a these op -amp i.cs.
without the excursions above and below! further attempt. Because the original cal- A. minor word of warning should be
the datum line becoming too great. For'. culations were made with the mathemati- added. This type of filter may act as an
example, a Q of 2.0 in this circuit will give! cally convenient assumption that the oscillator if it is installed with its input
a final slope of about -20dB/octave, with amplifier was an ideal, unity -gain, non - circuit open, because of the positive feed-
only about a 0.4dB ripple. inverting stage, with high input impedance back path through C2R1 or R2C1. A small
The practical calculations from these and low output impedance, and because value of capacitor or an appropriate resis-
formulae can best be done by deciding the many of the recent operational amplifier tor connected across the input will prevent
desired Q and the ratio y, and then seeing i.cs approximate quite closely to this ideal this, if the circuit calls for input switching,
whether the required frequency of turn -1 over the audio passband, these formulae as in fig. 14, where C43 is added. e
continued from page 41

10
Lg circuitry for "stereophonic headphones"
as well as "binaural loudspeakers" (ref. 3).
The frequency responses are given in Fig.
12.
io For those who want to enjoy life -like
sound reproduction, a description of a
W home -construction binaural microphone
-20 can be found in reference 5.
Response for "stereophonic headphones"
Rg
a-30 References
- -- Response forbinaural loudspeakers"
1. F. M. Wiener, Diffraction of a progressive
sound wave by the human head. Journal of the
-40 Acoustical Society of America, vol. 19 1947, pp
143-6.
I
2. E. A. G. Shaw, Ear canal pressure generated
FREQUENCY (Hz) 1k 2k 'Dr 10k 50k
by a free sound field. journal of the Acoustical
Fig. 12. Aplitude responses of Fig.
11 circuit
Society of America, vol. 39 1966, pp. 465-70.
for both headphone and loudspeaker 3. B. B. Bauer, Stereophonic earphones and
switch positions. binaural loudspeakers. Journal of the Audio En-
gineering Society, vol. 9 1961, pp. 148-51.
12dB, a correction circuit has to be con- jective are smaller than 2dB, which is con- 4. N. V. Franssen, Stereofonica (Philips Tech-
structed to obtain a "flat" amplitude res- sidered sufficient. A circuit which realises nical Library). Dutch edition: Centrax, 1962;
also available in English.
ponse. In Fig. 9 the turnover frequencies the desired frequency response is given in
5. G. A. Nelson, Build a binaural mike set.
are determined graphically. The resulting Fig. 10. The total circuitry is given with- Audio May 1976, pp. 34-8.
frequency response is given as well and out further comment in Fig. 11, except See also Towards true stereophony, by "Tone -
shows that deviations from the design ob - that a switch is included for use of the burst". Wireless World, Sept 1969, pp. 423-4.
DIGITAL POLYPHASE
SINEWAVES
Arithmetical generation by computer program of any number of sinewave phases
The digital generation of a two-phase sine by N. Darwood Table 3. 7 -phase software, short form
and cosine waveform was described in an program
earlier article*. In summary, the method, A to G have the sanie initial values as
proposed by Pierre Diederich, was to as- In the program for generating three in Table 2.
sign initial values to the sine and cosine phases, A, B and C are the phases, each I=B-C+D-E+F-G
waveforms. Then for each step to compute 2n/3 apart. The initial conditions set are A 0.48
the next values by adding a proportion of = 0, B = sin2n/3 and C = sin4n/3. The
step size was chosen as 1/3.f where f is the
10 A=A+I*f
the cosine to the current value of the sine
fraction used in the program. The pres-
I =B - (A + I)
and subtracting the same proportion of the B=B+I*f
sine from the current value of the cosine. ence of 1/3 is coincidental as will be seen I = C - (B + I)
Supposing the proportion chosen was a later. C=C+I*f
half (0.5) this could be expressed in a com- I = D - (C + I)
puter program as: Table 2. 7 -phase software D=D+I*f
10 S=n:C=m I = E - (D + I)
20 Output S, C A = 0 (= sin (0* 2n/7)) E=E+I*f
30 S=S+0.5*C B = 0.73 (= sin (1* 2n/7)) I = F - (E + I)
C = 0.97 (= sin (2* 2n/7)) F = F + I* f
40 C=C-0.5*S
50 GOTO 20 D= 0.43 (= sin (3* 2n/7)) I = G - (F + I)
E = -0.43 (= sin (4* 2n/7)) G=G+I*f
When run, this procedure produces the F= -0.97 (= sin (5* 231/7)) I =A (G + I) -
amplitude of a sine wave. It can be shown G = -0.78 (= sin (6* 2n/7)) 150 Output A, B, C, D, E, F, G
to be an approximation of the sum to two 160 GOTO 10
angle formulae thus: 10 A=A+f*(B-C+D-E+F-G)
sin (A + f) = sin A.cos f + sin f. cos A B=B+f*(C-D+E-F+G-A) For a 5 -phase program, N = 5, and w =
If f is small, cos f = 1 and (sin f)/f = 1 or
C=C+f*(D-E+F-G+A-B) 2n/5. This would make I = sin 2n/5 sin -
sin f = f (in radians). Substituting,
D=D+f*(E-F+G-A+B-C) 2.251/5 + 5in 3.211/5 5iá 4.2f1/5 =-
E=E+f*(F-G+A-B+C-D) 0.73, f may be found by selecting a step
sin (A + f) = sin A + f.cos A. F=F+f*(G-A+B-C+D-E) size. As the step size is I.f., suppose that
Returning to the program, the wave form G=G+f*(A-B+C-D+E-F) we wpould like to make this 1°, i.e. 360
may be inverted, seeming to run back- 80 Output A, B, C, D, E, F, G steps per cycle. I.f. is then0.075 rasdians
wards by interchanging the + and - 90 GOTO 10 and we have established that I is 0.73 so f is
signs. The output gives a stepped version 0.024.
of the waveform and a D -to -A converter The seven -phase generator shown above
may be used to give an analogue signal. and computing time
is in its longer version
The step size is 0.5 radians, giving 12.5 can be saved by reducing it. To explain the Appendix
steps for a cycle. other step sizes may be short form, consider the coefficient of f for Let sin(n) be the value of the sine wave at
chosen by altering the value off (see Ap- phase A. From Table 2 this is B -C + D step n and assume the following proce-
pendix). For example a value of 0.1 could - E + F - G. We can call this I (for dure.
be chosen to give a program: initial value) and then look at the coeffi- S(0) = 0
10 S = 0: C = 1: f = 0.1
cient for B, which isC- D+E-F+G C(0) = 1
20 Output S, C
- A which is equal to B - (A + I) and
which becomes the new I. Similarly the S(1) = S(0) + f.C(0) = f
30 S = S + f* C
C=C-f*S coefficient for C is D-
E+ G+ AF- C(1) = C(0) f.S(0) = 1 -
40
50 GOTO 20
-B which is equal to C -
(B + I). Thus
we can generate all the coefficients for the S(2) = S(1) + f.C(1) = f + f = 2f
This step size of 0.1 radians gives 62.8 short form of the program. The initial -
C(2) = C(1) f.S(1) = 1 -f2
steps per cycle in the output wave form. value of I may be found from I = B -C + ... and so on. It is found that the coeffi-
The amplitude of the waveform can be D -E -
+ F G. In trigonometrical terms cients of f at step n are the values in row n
specified by altering line 30 to read S = S this is of Pascal's Triangle. This is shown in
+ f (C + A) where A is the required peak Table 4.
amplitude. As each step takes the same I=sines- sin 2w+sin3w-...
amount of computer time, altering the where w is 231 divided by the number of Table 4. Analysis
step size (f) changes the frequency of the phases (N).
output wave. The frequency will depend Surprisingly, considering it came from Step
on the speed of the computer used. 0
an approximation, I is found to be sines/(1 1'
+ cosw) where w = 2n/N. This has the 1

1 1
*N. Darwood, "Accurate sine -wave oscillator", 2 2
golden property that the inverse of I is 1 1
Wireless World, June 1981.
Table 1. Three-phase software sines/(1 -cosw), which may be shown as 3
4
1
1
3
4 6
3 1
4 1
follows:
10 A = 0: B = 0.866: C = -0.866 5 5 10 10 5 1
20 Output A, B, C sinew = 1 - cos2w

30 A = A + f*(B -
C) = (1 + cosw)(1 - coses) sin f -f3 +f
40 B = B + f*(C -
A) cos - f2 +f° ..
50 C = C + f*(A -
B) sines 1-cosu) 1
60 GOTO 20 .1+cosw sines

65
TELETEXT DECODER do so'n'so, such'n'such happens and on such
slender bases huge industries grow.
that if a fuse goes high resistance, for any
reason, and by doing so causes damage to the
Readers may be interested in two further mod-
I would merely ask Mr Catt two questions. components it is supposed to be protecting,
ifications to the Wireless World teletext decoder,
What is the use of a theory if it doesn't predict then the design is at fault. The bit about this
following those given in the October issue.
what a circuit will do? being the only case that they know about is a
(V) Addition of board IV involved the remo-
The second question is an equation: refrain heard so often by purchasers of
val of IC1 which, upon inspection, supplied OV
E? electronic equipment in this country that the
to R4 via pin 10. While the decoder will still
majority of us can join in after the third or
operate without this connection being made, it R fourth note. His last line is worthy of further
is preferable to restore the connection to OV,
Ronald G. Young study. Why was production stopped? Perhaps
thus giving the correct time constant and greater
Peacehaven the product got a bad name for some reason or
¡noise margin at this point of the circuit. Re-
Sussex other and didn't sell too well.
adjustment of VR2 will then be necessary.
Mr Topping's reply is a much more upmarket
(VI) In the original decoder design, the
version. Here again there is not the slightest
memory -address converter functions correctly
only for row addresses within the text display NIKOLA TESLA intention of accepting the criticism and doing
Martin Berner is, perhaps, right to chide me something about it. Instead we are treated to a
area, i.e. rows in the range 0-23. If the detected
gently for seeking a second centennial for the short advertising blurb, followed by praises for
five -bit row address corresponds to n, one of the
famous N. Tesla (WW, Letters, Sept., 1982, the designer of the self-destructing amplifier
remaining rows in the range 24-31, this 'row' (again the main point is evaded. A fuse should
will appear in columns 33-40 of rows n-24, n-16 p.41). However, I do feel that Tesla is more to
be respected for his work than for the accident protect by its absence, not destroy), and we
and n-8 due to the operation of the code
of birth. Meanwhile we have about ten years in discover that the design in question had a mar-
converter during the display period (WW Feb. ket life of only four years. All interesting stuff to
1976 p.50). A simple modification to prevent which to debate this point in regard to his radio -
frequency spark generator of 1892. Martin an industrial archaeologist no doubt, but it
such information being written into the memory
Berner also reflects the hope that many histori- doesn't make the product any better.
is as follows: isolate 70(11), feed 20(12) and
20(2) to the inputs of a 2 input Nand gate whose ans must cherish - that somebody else will Following this excursion Mr Topping finally
gets down to his own product. In the first
output is connected to 70(11). This disables tackle the more difficult subjects! Tesla's
writing makes excellent reading, but it is ter- paragraph on this subject he appears to accept
write pulses at 70(8) during the detected illegal
ribly short of vital technical information. I am full responsibility for the equipment, in spite of
rows. it being of Japanese manufacture. This is as it
Ken Drew sure it would be much easier to write about the
less -known and certainly deserving Elihu should be. If you sell a product, it is your res-
Nottingham ponsibility. Full marks here. But what follows?
Thomson, simply because Thomson wrote more
clearly and more factually. And Thomson also An argument based on what is known as the
had the grace to cite the earlier work of Row- absent authority. The authority in this case is
land in 1889, who used a Ruhmkorff coil as high the specification referred to and it is absent
voltage source. Classen seemed to be doing because Mr Topping keeps it so (presumably
THE RIGHT FORMULA much the same in Germany in 18902, but more with gpod reason). Again the main point is
Mr K. Wood cites an example in Letters, Sep- effectively by using an air -blast on the high - evaded. The switch failed, Mr. Topping, and
tember 1982, which was not the one I had in voltage spark. Classen acknowledges Rijke3 any number of closely typed bits of paper won't
mind. The one that intrigued me was a throwa- (1862) for this idea, one of the most fruitful change, that fact. The moral of all this is plain to
way remark by Patrick Moore that an American contributions to the technology of spark trans- see. Complain to a British manufacturer and if
observatory (I failed to catch the name) had mitters, as far apart as Australia and the Eiffel you geta reply at all it will be one of the above. I
observed the products of a supernova expanding Tower. Its widespread application may actually worked with electronic instruments for nine
at ten times the speed of light. I do not believe have been helped by the difficulty of estab- years at one factory and felt that the society of
any valid explanation has as yet been put for- lishing patent rights on a blast of air! Tesla's psychical research would have been interested
ward for the phenomena. patent agents neatly avoid this kind of problem in the number of unique events which happened
Mr O. B. Balean has figures closely paralling in his patent 645,576 of 1900; for they were wise to us. At no time can I recall a single manufac-
my own. What is not clear to me is why it is a enough to include a disclaimer on the actual turer offering to do something about it.
mathematical 'figment'! It seems an awful lot of apparatus itself. I suspect that this may well I suggest that the manufacturers take note
mass to 'lose', yet plainly it does not exist. have helped the Supreme Court to find in his and listen to their customers while they still
Perhaps it is 'relativistic mass' which is the fig- favour, even if his claim seems to have little have some, or they will go the same way as the
ment. technical merit to support it. cotton mills and motor bikes.
Mr Ivor Can seemed rather tetchy! I suppose Desmond Thackeray H. E. Hicks
it must be rather frustrating when adjudicators University of Surrey Nether Kollett
demand 'proof' and he simply doesn't have any! Guildford Lancs
Why is he so bitter about 'instrumentalists'? Is
there any way of working with electronics with- Rerefences
out using instruments? He implies he uses a 1. Eleezrician, 44, (1899, Nov. 3), 40, Elihu
sampling oscilloscope and certainly uses a com- Thomson
puter. His remark that 'today, hardly anyone 2. Annalen, 39, (1890), 647, H. Classen (refer- AMATEURS AND CB
can successfully assemble Ins logic' is highly ence supplied by Alan Douglas) Contrary to Mr Clayton's assertion (Letters,
suspect, since pulse circuitry is peculiarly adapt- 3. Pogg. Annalen, 117, (1862), 276, Rijke Wireless World, August, 1982) illegal broad-
able to analysis by computers and checking by casting stations are traced and those involved
multiple -beam oscilloscopes. Is it really true are, where possible, prosecuted.
that Mr Catt's theory came before he had found Mr Clayton was certainly misinformed if he
out how to do the job? IT'LL DO, PERHAPS was told - not by Home Office officials inci-
What is a 'theory', anyway? I read his letter I was very interested in the August letters dentally - that the Home Office would not
and find he uses the word to mean (a) an equa-
tion, (b) an aid to understanding, (c) an exten-
headed "It'll do -
or will it?": so much that I authorise prosecutions. We do. A pity that you
have felt impelled to join in the argument. did not check this allegation with us.
sion of electromagnetic concepts and (d) a new Mr Feeney complains, quite rightly, about In 1981, nine such stations were involved in
way to view the phenomena. All in one letter! two faults which he feels should not have hap- successful prosecutions and 14 people were
Surely the engineering comes first. Later on, the pened. The replies are jewels of their kind and convicted; further prosecutions are being un-
academics follow along, as always a few years should be framed and hung in every sales man- dertaken this year.
behind! After all, isn't the whole fun of ager's office. A. Wood
electronics the fact that we don't know how Mr Bennett carefully evades the main issue in Chief Press Officer
anything really works, we just know that if we the design he is defending. Surely he can see Home Office
trigger point. be rationally shaken off. Law and arbitrary
DIGITAL CONTROL OF The equation given for the current in the power are in dreadful enimity."3
THYRISTORS primary of the pulse transformer is correct; The public service exists for the public; not
however, the energy stored in the pulse trans- the public for the public service. This means
I read with some interest the article by Dr Par - that if a citizen asks a public servant to do
former is dissipated in the diode across the
doe on digital phase control of thyristors (WW, primary. Assuming a suitably rated transistor, something the public servant must do it or show
Sept. 1982, p. 45). The system has some removal of the diode will allow the stored energy cause why not or resign. If he does none of these
similarity with that described in the article by to produce additional gate drive. things he neglects his duty and should be disci-
myself and N. M. Allinson (Microprocessor While Dr Pardoe's circuit does provide a plined or sacked.
Controlled Lighting System - WW, April
simple and cheap means of digitally controlling A CB service was first requested in the mid -
1982, p. 36). Since our article was concerned conduction angle in phase control, I would not 1970s, but the Minister and Parliament were too
with lighting control desks rather than lighting recommend its use in a multi -channel system busy to look into the matter and so it was left to
dimmers, I would like to take this opportunity because of the tracking problems already civil servants to decide.
to expand on the principles of phase -control mentioned. Additionally in a multi -channel The officials concerned neither gave permis-
dimmer design. system I believe that a solution based on our sion for CB nor gave a good reason why not nor
Our first article described the complex non- article would produce a cheaper system, since resigned. They therefore neglected their duty
linear relationship between conduction angle only one oscillator and counter are used for ' and exercised abitrary power. The people who
and the perceived light output. Since the func- many channels and there will be no possibility wanted to use CB then had no choice but to take
tion is very difficult to synthesize using anal- of resolution loss. direct action, and in so doing they were merely
ogue methods, most analogue dimmers I have J. D. H. White obeying Burke's dictum. They were resisting
come across use a linear ramp. This allows the the arbitary power of the Home Office to the
University of Keele
ramp generator circuitry to be kept quite simple Staffordshire best of their ability; and it would have been a
and easy to align. Since the mains voltage and crime to have borne it when it could be
frequency is subject to variation a simple open- rationally shaken off.
loop generator is not adequate. To overcome S. Frost
these problems the ramp generators are en- Edinburgh
closed in a negative feedback arrangement
which allows stabilization of both ramp height
and linearity. Using components of reasonable
CITIZENS' BAND References
I would like to reply to Mr Briggs and Mr 1 Community Politics, 1976, p.138
tolerance and a reasonable circuit design, anal- 2 "Rule of Law," Conservative Political
ogue dimmers can be built which require no Hewlett in July Letters: I will deal with the
main points only. Centre, pp 19 & 39.
adjustments. 3 "Rule of Law," frontspiece.
The major problem in designing lighting dim- When Mr Briggs says that there is nothing
mers is arranging for all channels to track each political about the CB pirates, what he means is
other; this is readily achieved by using one ramp that there is nothing consciously political about
generator (or its digital equivalent) to drive them. Nevertheless, whether they know it or
many comparators. The ramp generator can not they are engaged in a political act; which is a
then be made quite sophisticated without in- revolt against an arbitrary power which had SPREADING
creasing significantly the cost of the system. wrongly denied them a CB service. My letter in the October 1981 issue on the above
The article by Dr Pardoe uses a separate oscilla- I agree that not all CB users are young and subject has provoked some comment in subse-
tor and counter arrangement for each channel. that the f.m. service does have some technical quent issues, and that is a good thing.
This oscillator frequency is not locked to the merit. I did not mean to imply otherwise and I Some correspondents have made the mistake
mains frequency and is dependent upon the am sure Mr Steedman didn't either. of confusing the subject of "splatter" with the
tolerance of two passive components. Assuming I am accused of being petulant, which means subject of "spreading". Until the amateur radio
that the oscillator is running at 50 Hz, a 2% complaining and impatient; but if more people movement recognises that the two phenomena
variation in mains frequency will result in the were impatient and complained abour problems are separate and distinct, and learns to study
loss of 2-3 bits at the maximum power end of the a lot more fiercely then the problems would be each phenomenon separately and in isolation,
control range. Given a 5% tolerance in the com- solved a lot more quickly. they will not come to a proper understanding of
ponents used in the oscillator circuit will give to Mr Hewlett says that he can "get enough of either. My letter in the Oct. '81 issue, acting on
a rough approximation a 5% tolerance in oscilla- the other thing" from the rest of the media, but the principle of "one thing at a time", referred
tor frequency which is well outside frequency as far as CB is concerned this does not appear to to spreading - just that - and it would be
limits permitted on the mains supply. The most be true. I am not aware that any other part of desirable to confine discussion for the present to
marked effect on the oscillation frequency the media has discussed the true causes of illegal that subject.
tolerance will be poor tracking between separate CB interference, so if WW did not discuss them Now, so far as spreading is concerned, I am
channels on the mid power control range when they would not be discussed at all; and the saying that a single-sideband transmitter
dL/d4) is at its greatest where L is luminous chance to learn from the experience would be properly and correctly operated and occupying
intensity and 4) conduction angle (See WW lost. no more than 3 kHz of spectrum space, may
April 1982, p. 37, Fig. 4). In my letter in the March issue I was trying to nevertheless appear on a receiver, if assessment
As Dr Pardoe points out, in order to eliminate make a very serious point, which is that the is made by S -meter readings in conjunction with
motor creep and light flicker the ramp generator interference caused by illegal CB has a political dial frequency calibration, to be occupying more
(analogue or digital) must be synchronized to cause; and that part of that cause is the tyranny than that space, possibly much more; I am say-
the zero volt crossing points of the mains. The of an unelected, unaccountable, unscrupulous ing that this is not because the transmitter is
trial trigger circuit shown by Dr Pardoe does, in higher -civil -service, which is immune to radiating energy over the wider band, but is due
fact, produce one pulse per half mains cycle; rational argument. Jo Grimond, MP, has des- to an effect in the receiver itself due to a combi-
whilst this trigger method is entirely satisfactory cribed the civil service in the following way; nation of the effects of selectivity and a.g.c.
for essentially resistive loads (lamps, heaters) it "Rigid, non -elective, hierarchical, cautious, There can be no doubt about the truth of that
is inadequate for inductive loads. When secretive, conformist, narrow, furthering the statement. It can be demonstrated by mathe-
switching inductive loads, current will still be interests of an apparatus and the careers of those matical analysis and verified by experiment;
flowing through the switching devices at zero within it."1 there is also a fair bit of secondary evidence
voltage crossing points of the mains. Since a Now let us see how this is relevant to the CB which backs it up.
simple pulse may occur during the `reverse' issue, and let us begin with a principle laid Once the truth of this proposition is accepted
current period incorrect operation would result. down by Burke 200 years ago; it must necessarily follow as a corollary that it is
This problem may be overcome by using a train "Those who give and those who receive arbi- impossible to tell from S -meter readings and
of gate pulses and, to prevent spurious trigger- trary power are alike criminal, and there is no dial calibration (with no other evidence) how
ing, no gate pulses should occur between the man but is bound to resist it to the best of his much spectrum space a transmitter is actually
zero crossing point of the mains and the desired power ... It is a crime to bear it when it can occupying.
67
LETTERS
Valve WIDE -RANGE NOISE
volt meter
GENERATOR
Mixer
With reference to Mr Ian Hickman's article in
amp the July 1982 issue of Wireless World, I should
like to suggest that if the 28 -stage digital noise
generator really works with a shift register pat-
tern of 228 -1 different states (the maximum
length), this can only be the case because theo-
retical limitations are compensated by electronic
anomalies. Obviously, these "shortcomings"
may go completely unnoticed in practice and
therefore the object of my letter is not to imply
fx that the design is incapable of producing a wide
Digital frequency meter
FREQUENCY
0 range of very useful and interesting noise
effects. Nevertheless theory and implementa-
tion (however elaborate) of this shift -register
application show several doubtful points worth
mentioning. In this respect it is, for instance,
revealing that the practical implementation as
given in Fig. 3 does not indicate where the
second Ex -Or -input comes from. A correct
feedback configuration is far more difficult to
find than is suggested in the mathematical "ex-
planation".
-AF The first incorrect statement is that in the
general case a maximum -length sequence can
always be obtained by using an Ex -Or gate with
t// 4I two inputs only: one from the last register stage,
the second from "the correct earlier stage".
This applies only to shift registers with up to
seven stages, but the 8 -stage case already invali-
dates the above "theorem". 'When an 8 -stage
implementation is used, eight different feed-
0 back configurations can be envisaged. In each
case let us examine the sequence starting with
the 11111111 -state, the Ex -Or output deter-
Consider the following simple exercise as an across a band of frequencies Af. This does not mining the first bit (most left).
aid to thought. Refer to Fig. 1 which shows an mean that the transmitter under scrutiny is ac- With both inputs coming from the 8th stage
elementary receiver to which has been added a tually radiating energy across the whole of the (most right), the Ex -Or will always turn out a
digital frequency meter connected to the h.f. band Af. The transmitter (in this case a crystal zero and the sequence will never come back to
oscillator, the S -meter having been replaced oscillator) is radiating energy on one single fre- the 11111111 -state again; with the second Ex -
with a vacuum -tube voltmeter or similar instru- quency only, viz. fx. Only a very stupid person Or input connected either to the 7th or to the 1st
ment as shown. Assume further that there is a would attempt to argue that, because the output stage output, the sequence will have a length of
crystal oscillator on the bench some short meter shows a substantial reading across a band 53; using either the 6th or the 2nd stage output,
distance away putting out a signal of comfort- of frequencies, this is proof that the transmitter the sequence will have a length of 217 (which is
able strength. The receiver is operated in the is transmitting over the whole of that band of still far less than the maximum 28-1=255);
first instance without the benefit of agc, that is frequencies. finally using the 4th stage output, the pattern
to say, under manual r.f. gain control. What has all this to do with a single-sideband will have a length of only 12. As a matter of fact,
Tune the receiver across the crystal frequency transmitter? If you can understand the above maximum length shift register sequences can
and plot output voltage (read from the v.t.v.m.) reasoning, then you can understand why a always be obtained, but the feedback function
versus frequency, maintaining the receiver at a single-sideband transmitter radiating over a 3 should generally apply to more than just two
constant level of sensitivity. You will obtain a kHz bandwidth can provoke your S -meter to a stages.
curve rather like Fig. 2. This is a selectivity substantial reading over a band of 8 or 10 kHz, The second erroneous statement is that the
curve for the receiver under this set of condi- or even more: the principle is the same in both maximum -length pattern will establish itself,
tions. There is a whole family of such curves, cases. provided at least one of the shift register stages
and the parameter of the set of curves is the r.f. One further point - I should have said ear- comes on with a 1 -output. Let us once again
gain of the receiver, howsoever it be defined lier that when you traverse the section RS in consider the relatively easier case of an 8 -stage
quantitatively. To emphasize this point I have Fig. 4 as described above you are in effect hop- shift register and let the feedback function be
shown (Fig. 3) four such curves A, B, C and D, ping from one selectivity curve to another. This taken from the 8th stage and the 5th stage. It
extracted from the family, in descending order is indicated in the sketch. There is, of course, an can now easily be discovered that four different
of receiver sensitivity. infinite number of such curves, so that it is a sequences are possible: one is 217 long and
Switch on the a.g.c. and tune across the smooth transition. contains 1111111, the second is 31 steps long
crystal frequency fx as before, commencing well And finally - you will note that if you turn and contains the 11111011 -state, the third is
below fx and proceeding to well above fx. Com- up the r.f. gain and allow the a.g.c. to control seven steps long and contains 10011101, the last
ing along the curve of Fig.2 (re -drawn in Fig. 4) the receiver, the impression of broadness is en- one is the indefinitely repeating 00000000 -state.
you proceed to the point R. Here the a.g.c. hanced, because you are working across a curve When the shift register operating conditions are
takes control, the point R being determined by such as A (Fig. 3). But if you turn down the r.f. normal, one sequence (e.g. the one which con-
the voltage-delay of the a.g.c. system. Tuning gain control the apparent broadness is reduced, tains the 11111011 -state) will never jump to a
higher in frequency the a.g.c. maintains the because you now work across a curve such as C different sequence (e.g. the one which contains
output constant, until finally we exit from the or D. A single-sideband transmitter will exhibit the 11111111 -state).
control of the a.g.c. at point S and continue the same effect - naturally - and the effect This clearly demonstrates that much more
along the original selectivity curve. Someone, may easily be observed by a competent careful analysis is needed in order to establish
expert in the Red Herring Department, will operator. whether in the particular case of a 28 -stage shift
want to argue with me about the practical nice- R. C. Yates register the maximum -length sequence of
ties of a.g.c.; some other time, please! Charlestown 228-1 can be obtained with an Ex -Or gate hav-
The output meter shows substantial output N.S.W. ing only two inputs! By the way, a full 2N sequ-

ence can also be obtained, but this requires a adequate. A 28 -stage register was arrived at ately. For, ignoring the degenerate àll -zeros'
feedback function a little bit more elaborate from the following considerations. case, any other possible combination of register
than just an Ex-Or array connected in a parity It was desired to have white noise with a contents at switch -on is by definition a valid
check configuration! Gaussian amplitude distribution available to as member of the maximal length sequence, which
The two misinterpretations should immedi- high a frequency as conveniently possible, say will therefore continue from that point. The
ately have come to the mind of the author when 100kHz. I2 was clear that the necessary number problem was the tendency of the register
he observed the (unexplainable?) peculiar cir- of stages would be of the order of 25, and a contents to come up as all -zeros at switch -on. A
cuit behaviour (long start-up effect, periods of modest clock frequency of around 5MHz is con- section of ICto was therefore included as an
silence alternating with hiss, apparent jumps venient when using a simple And gate oscillator inverter with the intention of making all is the
from one sequence to another etc ) May I employing standard t.t.l. gates. As stated in the degenerate case, but unfortunately this does not
suggest this could probably be explained by article, Gaussian noise is obtained if the sequ- have the desired effect. One could alternatively
shortcomings in the circuit design (e.g. power ence is filtered with a cut-off frequency lower use the correct Ex -Or gating instead of the Ex-
supply rating too low, or decoupling near the than fci /n, i.e. lower than 5MHz/25 or Or arrangement shewn, and arrange to load a 1
i.cs insufficient, or spike pick-up by the un- 200kHz. Thus Gaussian noise is available up to into at least one register stage at switch -on. But
about 100kHz as required. At the low -fre- a simpler modification which I have tested and
connected gate inputs supposed to be at the high
level, or wrong time constants giving long quency end of the range, the frequency of the incorporated is to invert the inputs to the Ex -Or
lasting amplifier saturation effects after power lowest spectral line in the output is of little gate as well as its output. With this arrange-
turn -on, ...)? interest in itself: the important consideration is ment, the all zeros case in the register looks like
More detailed information on the actual cir- the spacing between spectral lines at the lowest the all Is case to the Ex -Or gate, and the circuit
cuit layout might have been helpful, together frequency of interest. This was taken as 10Hz, commences the maximal length sequence im-
with photographs and oscillograms. I doubt and the possibility of external bandpass filtering mediately as expected. By connecting R2
very much whether this circuit is easily repro- with a Q of 100 was catered for. The 3dB band- directly to pin 10 of ICs instead of pin 6 of IC10,
ducible! Faulty operation may arrange matters! width would then be 0.1Hz. Now using two spare Ex -Or gates are available and these
Maybe Mr Hickman could reveal the actual SN7495s, six devices would provide a 24 stage were used to invert the outputs of stages 25 and
register and the maximal length pattern would 28 of the register, i.e. pins 13 and 10 of ICs.
feedback function, as it should have been indi-
repeat at approx. 0.3Hz. Thus the spacing be- I do not know how long the non -maximal
cated in his Fig. 3, in order to obtain really the
longest sequence (starting with the all -zero con- tween the spectral lines would be greater than length sequence produced by the circuit as pub-
dition when an Ex -Or invert gate is used) ... It the filter bandwidth and the noise would not (in lished is, but it must be said that none of the
brief tests I was able to conduct in the frequency
would also be fruitful to analyse how much this this admittedly extreme case) appear white.
longest sequence is actually off the maximum Adding a seventh 7495 provides a 28 stage domain could distinguish between the noise
length of 2/8- 1. Even if the difference between register, giving a spacing between spectral lines produced and that produced using the correct
projected and actual length turns out to be of 0.02Hz, which is quite adequate. It is in- maximal length sequence. Nevertheless I am
small, it should still be emphasised that the teresting tc note that Beastall, in his white -noise grateful to Mr Naaijer for pointing out the snag,
generator design, published in Wireless World in to which there is, as I have indicated, a conve-
electronic implementation wouldn't fully ex-
ploit the lower frequency range, the values of March 1972, used a 31 stage register (although nient and simple solution.
the coupling capacitors in the filter, attenuator 32 stages were available in the i.c.).
and output circuits as shown in Fig. 4 are too The purpose of the article being to describe
small, except for exclusive audio use: when the the design and use of a white noise generator,
filter is set to 10Hz low-pass, the result is actu- the subject of maximal length shift registers was
ally rather a band-pass! In applications other touched on only very briefly. The article did
than audio this might limit the circuits effective- not, or was not intended to, imply that for any
ness. length shift register, two suitable tappings can
One might ask the question whether, for au- be found to give a maximal length sequence
dio purposes, a shorter shift register wouldn't with a single Ex-Or gate. This is not always the
case I admire Mr Naaijer's industry in working
OPTO -ELECTRONIC
have given comparable results when designed
correctly! Apart from these remarks, fundamen- through all the possibilities for an eight stage CONTACT BREAKER
tal from a theoretical point of view, it goes register, but a correct feedback configuration is In your Letters column of September 1982 Ste-
without saying that Mr Hickman's circuit can not, as he suggests, difficult to find. It is simply venson complains that he was unable to obtain
be very instructive for musical applications. derived from any of the tables of irreducible the i.c. specified for my opto-electronic contact
G. J. Naaijer polynomials published in the literature. These breaker, and transformer for Rod Cooper's c.d.
Louviers do not bear out Mr Naaijer's statement that "the unit.
France feedback function should generally apply to I can assure him that in the case of the i.c.
more than just two stages" except in the sense that component is crucial to the reliability of the
that there are numerous possible feedback ar- circuit. I have written before in WW that the
rangements for most register lengths, all giving environment in which automotive electronics
The author replies: maximal length sequences. However for register have to work is far from ideal, and it is not
Before dealing with the points raised by Mr lengths of 2 to 34 stages inclusive, there is a unreasonable to specify a 54 -series device in
Naaijer I should like to correct one or two minor single Ex-Or configuration giving the maximal an engine -mounted application. Like Rod
graphical errors which crept into the article as length sequence in 20 cases, including 28 and 31 Cooper, I am conscious of the need to specify
published. stage registers. The remaining 13 cases require obtainable parts, but there is a converse argu-
In Fig. 1(a) the second input to the exclusive three or more taps, including lengths 8 (as noted ment which suggests that sticking to parts from
Or gate should be labelled "From Mth stage Q by Mr Naaijer), 24 and 32. For length 28 the the corner shop stultifies design. This notwith-
output", where m is of course less than n. correct taps are stages 28 and 3 or stages 28 and standing, I wrote on p.67 of the February 1982
In Fig. 3, the input to pin 12 of IC10 should 25; the one arrangement provides the same issue the name of a Texas Instruments supplier
come from pin 13 of ICs. maximal length sequence as the other but with (Quarndon Electronics) and many more spring
In Fig. 4, R35 and R36 are the two sections of the bit sequence in the reverse order. to mind. Quarndon were kind enough to con-
22kí1 twin -gang potentiometer, and references It is not always realized that the maximal firm today by telephone that the SN5401N is in
to R35 or R36 in Fig. 5 and throughout the text length sequence is not unique. Even a register as stock and available to anyone.
should read "R35/R36" short as five stages can (with the appropriate If one assumes that Stevenson missed the
The references to "R34" in the 25th line of the feedback arrangements) produce six different February issue, I would still question whether
third column of page 40 and in the last two maximal length sequences, though only one of he had exhausted all possibilities until Rod and-
paragraphs of the article should read "R35fR36". these (plus its time reverse) can be obtained /or myself had been consulted. Criticism for
The negative end of C3 in Fig. 6 should go to with a single Ex-Or gate feedback arrangement. failing to provide that for which one has not
OV chassis: Mr Naaijer has pointed out that there is a been asked is hard to accept. Mr Stevenson
The author should have made it clear that problem with the circuit as published, and should be aware that, as authors, we cannot
following normal practice, all unused gate in- perceptive readers will have noted the cause. On hope to satisfy everyone all the time, but we do
puts in Fig. 3 are returned to +5V via a lkfl rereading the article it was immediately feel responsible for our designs, and can usually
resistor. apparent to me that if the arrangement pro- help.
Turning now to Mr Naaijer's letter, he ques- duced the intended maximal length sequence, J. R. Watkinson
tions whether a shorter shift register would be then the sequence would commence immedi- Reading
69
DISC-DRIVE CONTROLLERS
Control logic, the penultimate subject in the disc-drive series, divides into
data -handling and drive -coordination sections. These sections, and how they
are controlled by sequencing logic, are discussed here.
Essentially, disc -drive control logic does by J. R. Watkinson namely desired sector, desired head and
not vary much from one drive design to desired cylinder. One disc transfer may
another, but because of the wide price/per- consist of many contiguous disc blocks,
formance range and changes in tech- and the desired disc address registers can
nology, one cannot assume that all the d.m.a. logic needs to know the physical be arranged to increment as each block is
features mentioned here will be found in starting address of the memory area to be completed. As the disc turns, the desired
all disc -drive units. affected by the transfer. This address is sector address increments first, until the
Control logic can be thought of as hav- loaded into the memory -address register highest numbered sector is reached. When
ing two main sections - one for control- which increments automatically every this block is completed, the sector address
ling the disc subsystem, including circuits d.m.a. cycle so that sequential memory is reset and the desired head register incre-
for obtaining subsystem status informa- locations are accessed. A word -count regis- mented. The next track is now in use. This
tion, and the other for handling data to be ter controls the amount of data to be trans- process may continue until the highest
stored or retreived. These sections are ferred. As it is relatively easy to detect numbered head reaches the highest
coordinated by sequencing logic. when a register contains zero using numbered sector. In this case both desired
Execution of a function by the disc - hardware, it is often arranged to load the head and sector registers reset and the,
control logic requires a complex series of two's complement of the desired word desired cylinder address increments.
steps determined by logical decisions made count into the register, which increments Not all units have this feature. The
between each step. Sequencing logic re- every d.m.a. cycle. When the register change in cylinder address causes a cylin-
sembles a processor with subsystem func- overflows to zero the transfer is complete. der difference signal and implies a seek
tions as instructions and the steps as states. The starting address of a selected disc (explained in the May issue of Wireless
As with central processors, sequencers must be specified in three dimensions, World). Before the transfer can continue
can be implemented either with combina-
tional logic or with rom -controlled
microsequencers, but unlike c.p.us, se- Jump micro address
quencers have to work in real time and

keep in step with the disc's rotation. Jump micro
Figure 1 shows the essentials of a rom - Jump address ro. m
controlled sequencer. Conditional condition
Enable
Control and status. Excluding operator jump events multiplexer
controls, disc drives are controlled entirely Select Select
by functions and parameters loaded into
registers in the subsystem. How the regis-
ters are loaded is not unique to disc drives
and is therefore not discussed here.
Table 1 shows a list of functions per-
formed by a typical disc subsystem and
Fig. 2 depicts the most common functions,
read, write and write verify. In Fig. 2(a), Enable
the disc is altered by data being read from
memory and written into it, and changes Micro program Control
Step input
in memory occur when data are read from step events multiplexer
Control outputs
the disc, Fig. 2(b). Neither memory nor rom
disc is altered when written data are being
verified. In this operation, data are read
from the disc and compared word-for-
word with data in memory. Select Select
Not all disc subsystems have the verify

function; in some computer systems data
verification is carried out by the main Micro
processor at the expense of some proces- program Micro address bus
sing time. counter
Figure 2 also illustrates parameters
Load enable
necessary for a data transfer, namely the
starting address in memory, the starting Count enable
address on the disc, and the amount of

data to be transferred.
Figure 3 shows a typical register set for a
disc subsystem. Most units use direct - Fig. 1. Disc -control sequencer using rom control. Each address generated by the
memory access (d.m.a.) techniques to program counter results in one or more control signals being sent to the system. At the
transfer data to and from memory without same time the event which causes the program to advance to the next step is selected
involving the processor. To do this, the by the input multiplexer. Certain addresses cause a conditional jump and if the
conditions are satisfied, a new non -sequential address is loaded into the program
John Watkinson, M.Sc., is with Digital Equip- counter from the jump -address rom. More advanced units have stack registers
ment Co. enabling them to call subroutines and return afterward.

Fig. 2. Three major data transfer functions performed by a The error bit in the status register is an OR
disc subsystem. Write -verify function, (c), is not always used. Disc address function of all of them, referred to as the
composite -error bit.
In a 16 -bit system, the ready and error
Drive select
bits are often bits 7 and 15, since these are
the sign bits of the low byte and the word
la) Write data transfer
respectively. Using `test' or `test -byte' in-
structions, the processor status word will
become negative if the sign bit is set. A
conditional branch instruction whose
outcome is determined by the processor
status is then used to determine the
lb) Read data transfer program flow. When an error occurs, the
system branches to a routine to read the
subsystem error register to find out what
has gone wrong.
lc) Write -check function In the case of a non-data -transfer func-
tion, such as a seek or search, the drive will
become ready when the operation is com-
plete. Non -data functions can take place
Data simultaneously with a data transfer in a
compare multi drive subsystem, and upon their
completion it is necessary to know which
drive has become ready. This could be
the positioner has to move on to the next Status circuits give the operating system achieved by selecting each drive in turn
cylinder. The process is only terminated information about the operation of the using the unit -select register in a process
by a word -count or disc -address overflow. drives. The boundary between control and
Disc drives work with blocks of data, status is difficult to define, since the status
path can be thought of as a feedback mech-
and hardware is necessary to prevent mal-
function if a specified word count is not a anism for the control process.
( Start
multiple of the block size. When reading, On completion of a data transfer func-
if the word count overflows before the end tion, the status circuits inform the operat- Transfer word
of a block, the transfer to memory stops ing system that the disc subsystem is no
but the drive continues to the end of the longer busy by way of an interrupt; as with Increment block count
block to read the error -checking character d.m.a. techniques, the c.p.u. is not
there. When writing, the disc -control logic involved with the data transfer and will be
pads a partially written block with zeros to performing useful processing. Following o
retain the standard disc format before the the interrupt, the operating system will
check character. The purpose and opera- read the disc subsystem's status register. If
tion of check characters will be discussed all is well, a ready bit is set, but in the
in the next article. Figure 4 shows the event of a malfunction, an error bit will
flow -chart for the automatic disc -address also be set. There are many conditions Yes Controller
incrementing algorithm. which could cause such an error signal. ready
Composite Transfer
error error
Go Increment sectof address
o Reed Function cIode
i
bit
Memory address
I I I o
2 IWord Icountl
1 1 1
Drive error
I
Clear desired sector count

1 I
3 System errors DriIve select -0-

Increment desired head
I I
address
1
I
a Attention summary
I I I I
IIIIIIIIIII Current s ctor o Head addr

above max ?
-41 Dejed éylindér address

L I I I I Yes
1 CurrIent cylindIer address Clear desired head count

1 1 I I
Increment desired cylinder
S Held addIress Sector address

l I
I
I I No Cyl addr
9 brive status above max
Yes
10 rive errors
I 1
Disc overflow error
11 Dffse para1meierI Fig. 4. Disc transfers may extend over

several disc blocks without the need for
1
1 1 I
each one to be addressed individually. The

Fig. 3. Register set of a typical disc drive. Composite error is set by the change of state of an disc address increments automatically as
OR gate with inputs representing many possible error conditions. long as there are words left to transfer.
71
known as polling, but this is wasteful of Header
Header Data
processing time. A better alternative is to preamble words
Data postamble
use the summary register, which contains preamble Data
one bit position for each drive in the Address \ Sync. byte
Sync. byte
Data check
words
mark Address
-
subsystem. /mark
When a change of status occurrs in one / \ (/
or more drives, a bit pattern is present in etc etc. Next block
the summary register. Any bit present here -/
will cause an interrupt, and the system has
0 200 4 0 50 255` 357 )60
only to read the summary register to find
Counter activel
out which drive requires attention. When Write header
one of the drives has a fault, the composite 0 Counter reset and data
error bit will be set, as will a bit called
0 4 0 50 255r ;57 260
drive error in the subsystem error register.
Counter active
If so, the unit number specified in the Write data
summary register has to be loaded into the Counter reset_
drive select register. If the c.p.u. now
0 4
reads the drive -error register, it will obtain 255 57
the status of the affected drive. Figure 5

Read data
shows a typical service-routine flow -chart. Counter reset
Action taken as a result of an error varies
from one operating system to another, but
typically the error conditions would be Fig. 6. Format of a typical disc block in relation to the count process used to establish
the head's position in the block at any time. During reading the count is derived from
recorded in the operating -system error log,
data read but during writing the count is derived from the write clock.
and then attempts would be made to clear
the error condition by issuing drive -clear supply faults, cause the system to disconti- sharing process cannot proceed. Action
or controller -clear commands. Positioning nue use of the drive concerned and send taken to recover from data errors will be
errors normally result in a recalibrate func- appropriate messages to the operator. Such detailed later.
tion prior to repeating the failed function. a failure in the swapping disc will usually
Hardware failures, such as power - cripple the whole computer, as the time -
Position verification. Before a data trans-
fer can take place, the selected drive must
physically access the desired disc block
Start and confirm its position by reading the
header. At the end of an implied seek,
should one be required, the positioner cir-
0 cuits declare that the heads are on track
and settled. The desired head will have
been selected by the head matrix, and the
next step is to perform a search along the
0 track by comparing the contents of the
current -sector, or look -ahead' register
with the contents of the desired sector
Read
register. When the two are equal, the head
attention summary
Read is about to enter the desired block. Figure
register
controller error register 6, the format of a typical disc track, shows
& log error that between blocks are placed address
marks, which are areas of steady magneti-
Finish
zation that generate no read pulses and can
Call error recovery routine
be detected by the read circuits.
Following address -mark detection, the
Load lowest attention data separator starts to synchronize to the
Finish
address into header preamble. Any a.g.c. in the read
drive select register Finish
channel will stabilize at this time. Toward
the end of the preamble the data separator
Yes
Read drive status
will be locked to the read signal and will
Next function generate zeros (assuming modified f.m.)
and the separate bit clock.
0
Serial data is converted to parallel form
by the serializer, Fig. 7, which is based on
a shift register. The serializer also has the
Update
ability to convert parallel data to serial
Read system drive status map form for writing operations. Preamble
drive error register zeros are clocked down the shift register in
& log error the serializer by the bit clock, and in due
course the sync -byte's pattern shifts
Call error recovery routine through and is recognized by the sync -
byte decoder. When this takes place a di-
vider is enabled, which divides the bit
clock by the word -length to give a word
Reset oft ntion bit count, or in some cases a byte count. The
word count is decoded by part of the se-
quencing logic to enable the various steps
Fig. 5. Flow -chart describing the handling of disc subsystem status registers following which take place synchronously with the
an interrupt. Interrupt may have resulted from the controller on data -transfer disc.
completion, from a drive completing a function not involving data transfer or from an Figure 8 shows decoding necessary for
error condition. More than one drive may have an attention condition at once. the disc format shown in Fig. 6. The first
Table 1. Abbreviated list of functions
performed by a disc drive. Only one
data -transfer function can take place
at a time, but other functions can be
performed by different drives in the Serial read from
subsystem at the same time. data separator
1 Read
2 Write Read/
3 Write verify Data -transfer write Shift
Latch
4 Read header (and function multiplexer
register
data) (see Fig. 2) Sync byte
5 Write header (and detect
data)
6 Seek - move Write
positioner to new
cylinder
7 Search - interrupt
when current Read
_ Sync byte
multiplexer
Serial write
data to head
sector is same as data `Z Sync byte

desired sector out pattern
8 Recalibrate - ite
move positioner to Non -data transfer W
Word
data
cylinder zero functions which count
9 Offset move - may be issued to in
positioner off track another drive at Latch Clock

centre the same time as clock multiplexer
10 Return to centre a data transfer Read clock from
line cancel- data separator
offset Read /write Write clock from
11 Port release - control servo surface
permit other port Fig. Conversion between parallel data used by the computer and serial data
7.
access to drive used by the disc takes place in the serializer which reconfigures itself for either
12 Standby - unload reading or writing.
heads and stop
spindle
Some header formats contain extra in- which confirms its validity. Only if the
header word is the cylinder address, and formation such as bits which specify the header contained the right addresses and
this is compared with the contents of the density of data in the following block, was read correctly will the data transfer
desired -cylinder register. The second passwords which are used in high security take place.
header word contains both the sector and systems and information about media de- Figure 9 will show a flow -chart for the
head addresses of the block, which are also fects in the data area. Each header finishes process of position verification. Automatic
compared with the desired addresses. with a cyclic -redundancy check character reading of .the header by the sequencer
should not be confused with the read -
Block word count header command used to place the
260 257 255 20 19 5 4 3 2 1 0
contents of the selected header in the
Read header
memory. This is usually only used after a
Compare write -header command, to verify that the
Write data cyl.address disc has been formatted properly.
Write
-- Compare
Data transfer. During a data block read,
sync byte Ì sector & track
address the serializer and sequencer are employed
Key word 1
again. As with the header, zeros from the
End of data data preamble are clocked into the shift
register until the sync. byte is detected,
End of
Key word 2 when the next bit will be the first data bit
data check in the block. On every word, the output of
Check CRC
the shift register goes around the loop in
End of the serializer and is loaded into the latches.
pos_tambte The d.m.a. logic now has fmite time to
Write header
send the word to memory before the next
End of header word arrives from the disc. When the
preamble
word -count decoder decides that the last
Read dato word in the block has been transferred,
Write header
sync byte check words are sent to the error -checking
End of data
logic. A description of this operation will
Write cylinder be given.
address During a write function, header check-
End of
data check
Write ing is repeated as it is important not to
sector & track write in the wrong place on a disc. A write
address
process is a little more complex than the
Write read because preambles, sync. bytes and
key word 1
postambles have to be written together
with the actual data. To write the pream-
Write
key word 2
ble, again assuming modified f.m., the
serializer is held clear by the sequencer.
Write At the end of the preamble, the sync. -
header CRCC byte pattern is loaded into the shift regis-
ter. Data words are then loaded into the
Fig. 8. Decoding for the disc format shown in Fig. 6. As the count is reset several times
during a block, the same decoder can be used for a number of purposes. During
shift register from memory in order to
writing, preambles and sync. bytes must be included but this is not necessary during write the block.
reading. To be continued

Ace computer, ace language?
The most important characteristic of the new definition of F for the old definition illegal definition can appear on the
programming language Forth is that it is a (as if we changed a page in our loose-leaf VLIST.
"threaded interpretive language", and not manual). If a word is defined by use of a It is easy to crash most Forth systems
that it uses reverse Polish notation, as fre- word not yet defined, there is no way this because the checks on what the pro -
quently reported elsewhere. But in terms
of how a Forth computer is received it is
interesting to look at Forth and how re-
verse Polish notation is used. The fol-
Forth: a threaded interpretive language
lowing analysis is based on experience with If the instructions in a repair manual are "un- misses 30 spaces and prints out one star, and
a pre-production prototype of the Jupiter screw the nut holding the wurble plate to the BAR misses 30 spaces and prints out five stars,
Ace computer (News, October issue), and ding box, but only after disconnecting the mains so that F (which is BAR BLIP BAR BLIP BLIP
was sent to us by Boris Allan. "I hope the supply to the ding box, otherwise you will be CR) will print out.
electrocuted" there will be a fair number of *****
Ace succeeds," he tells us, "it is a very r
fatalities. In a t.i.l. the manual has to be written
brave initiative, but I do not know whether in a sensible order. "First, disconnect the mains
it will; what I do know is that Ace Forth is supply to the ding box; second, unscrew the nut
the best implementation on small compu- holding the wurble to the ding box" so that
ter I have seen". there are no nasty surprises. It is safe to read a trivial application but one which is totally
Reverse Polish notation seems to imply ahead in the manual because it makes the whole transparent. To print out a large F, one types F
-
that it is in some way back-to-front the operation that much slower, and how far for- -- could it be easier?
accompanying description uses reverse ward is it possible or necessary to read? It is possible to program in this manner in
Polish in the definition of F and so on, and Forth and other t.i.l.s take the sensible ap- Basic especially one which allows the user to use
the order does not seem unreasonable. proach to reading the manual because it is meaningful names for functions and procedures
It only becomes "unreasonable" when simpler, and you always know where you are. (though the applications in Forth -what are
thinking purely numerically. To have to
Any computer program is no more than a set of called "words" - are closest to functions in
instructions, and sometimes the same set of other languages). In Forth, however, the
use 2 3 + to perform the calculation 2 + 3 instructions are repeated - a truly ignorant process of defining words is done there and
may seem odd, though if it is introduced as person might have to be told, on each occassion, then, and is done in what might be called, in
"take 2 then 3 and then add them to- how to unscrew a nut. The manual might then Basic, "instant mode". Most forms of Basic will
gether" then it is much more reasonable. read "First, disconnect the mains supply (see not allow you to enter (ùy) function definitions
Though Forth is very useful for the page 1) to the ding box; second, unscrew the nut instantly, though it is possible to PRINT in
numerical, its strengths become more (see page 2) holding the wurble to the ding immediate mode. In Forth, to define the
apparent at a higher level of abstraction; box", where the "(see page ...)" instructions meaning of F one enters
are pointers to other places in the book. That is, : F BAR BLIP BAR BLIP BLIP CR ;
yet the Jupiter Ace is aimed at the cheap we have the name of the operation, and then the where the colon means a word is to be defined
end of the market. So to what extent is the location of the instructions with that name (if (the next word in line) and semi-colon means
strange mode of approach a problem? there was only one operation per page, the page that is the end of the definition. Try that in
It is only strange if it is approached in a number alone would be sufficient). Basic; it is possible, but more complicated,
way which makes it seem strange - the The manual itself is an operation - repair a using subroutines.
definition of the Forth word "F" (see Thing - and is composed of smaller operations, In most versions of Forth if one enters
panel) does not seem strange. The opera- which can then be seen to be composed of even VLIST, an index is produced of all words so far
tion 2 3 + only becomes strange when we smaller operations, until one reaches certain defined and in the order in which they were
primitive operations, those which have to be left defined. The order is important because the
say that it is equivalent to 2 + 3, and not
undefined, eg "pick up a screw -driver". As one user of the manual (ie the Forth system) is
when we say that it is equivalent to take 2 goes through the manual new operations are incapable of looking forward in the manual to
and then 3 and add them together. This defined before one uses them in terms of the find a definition (one can only look back). If in
strangeness is not long-lasting. operations which are included in the latest, the word F, one of the defining words (eg BLIP)
A far more important problem with more complicated, operation. This again is what had not already been defined the definition
Forth is the ways in which restrictions are happens to a t.i.l. (For more details consult would be invalid. In terms of the output from a
placed upon defining and redefining Threaded Interpretive Language, by R. G. Loe- VLIST, a word can only be defined in terms of
words, and it is the complexity of these liger. Byte Books, 1981.) It is now possible to words which are lower down the list. What
manipulations that are far more telling for understand any Forth program. Here is a line of happens then when a manual is updated, and an
Forth as an introductory language. To program taken from "Starting Forth," by Leo improved method of unscrewing nuts is given?
Brodie (Forth Inc, 1981): Depending on the manual, various things
make it easily usable, the defining, rede- F could happen. If the manual was a loose-leaf
fining, and editing of Forth words needs We know that this is an instruction to do manual, the old set of operations could be taken
conceptual simplification. This is where something and so we also know that somewhere out to be replaced by the new set, and if each
the Ace scores over most other systems. the instructions to accompany F will be found. new set of instructions started on a new page,
Ace Forth introduces new words EDIT, They are the insertion would be that much easier. An
LIST, and REDEFINE, which make the BAR BLIP BAR BLIP BLIP CR alternative method would be to mark the old
changing of Forth words simple for the thus whenever we come across F, the computer instructions with a note, "see amendment sheet
user. LIST F would produce BAR BLIP will think BAR BLIP BAR BLIP BLIP CR. 14", so that on going to page 2 you would be re-
There are three new named instructions here, directed to the new set of instructions. Once
BAR BLIP BLIP CR and EDIT F would
and BAR means done, the first is less work to use than is the.
produce a similar listing, and allow one to MARGIN 5 STARS second.
edit the listing. After editing there would whereas BLIP means In conventional Forth systems, neither of
be an extra version of F on the VLIST (the MARGIN STAR these methods (or their equivalents) can apply.
new version), and if we then entered and CR is a primitive which means "carriage To change the definition of F so that it will be
RE-DEFINE then Forth would search return". MARGIN is defined as put closer to the left -hand -side of the screen, all
through the words in the dictionary (ie CR 30 SPACES that appears to be necessary is to alter the defini-
those on the VLIST) and substitute the (on an 80 column printer or vdu), so BLIP tion of MARGIN (as BAR and BLIP, and thus

grammer can do are few; it is simple to mode means that everything that can be and it worked.
over -write the words in the dictionary, and checked, is checked (eg the stack over- Forth is excellently suited for control
for the system to disappear in a puff of writing), and FAST means that all checks applications, and so the Ace might be
smoke. Such things on the Ace didn't suc- are off (useful when you know it works) bought for that. Success might partly de-
ceed. Steve Vickers (the language de- and the program runs 25% more quickly. pend on how many interfaces to the
signer) explains that there were two modes Forth is an inherently compact efficient outside world are produced; though as
of running programs in Forth on the Ace, language and is not far short of the speed many of the ZX81 (etc) devices seem to be
FAST and (the default) SLOW. SLOW of machine code for some applications, and already compatible perhaps this has been
twice as slow at worst. The standard Ace partly solved already.
comes with 3K bytes of ram, which may
not seem a great deal but as Forth A possible further demerit is the claim
programs are so compact it is worth far that Forth as a language can promote the
F, both depend upon MARGIN in their own more in terms of equivalent storage for a datk syndrome ("design at the keyboard")
definitions), eg Basic program. The Ace will be able to use in that, because one has to get the basics
:MARGIN CR 5 SPACES: the Sinclair 16K ram pack in any case, so right first, the overall structure gets lost. I
which is simplicity itself. However, this doesn't storage of programs presents no problem, think that datk is valid and though it may
work. and the cassette system is simplicity itself not be "structured" in the sense of top -
If MARGIN is redefined and you ask for a to use. The Z80A chip used is not the best down programming, it does lead to effi-
VLIST, MARGIN will be at the top of and
further down (lower than BLIP, BAR, or F)
for Forth - the 6809 is better suited - ciency of coding - top -down program-
but Altwasser and Vickers say they knew ming inherently leads to verbosity in
another occurence of MARGIN. If you type at
the console the Z80A inside out and back to front - programs.
MARGIN 10 STARS
You will find a space of 5 blanks and then 10
stars. If you now key F, the output will be
exactly the same as the original version. When
the computer comes across F within the body of
coding for F there are pointers to the places at Advice to dbs ter is having its software checked to ensure
that no false command will be accepted
which the code for BLIP and BAR can be
found. BLIP and BAR still point to the original panel and thus cause the same fault.
The system transmits at various rates
coding for MARGIN - ie with 30 spaces. The
The advisory panel considering technical during weekday passes but for the next few
introduction of a new definition for MARGIN
transmission standards for direct broadcast weeks, at weekends, transmissions will be
has not affected anything earlier, and so all the
old pointers are unaltered - they can only point satellites is accepting advice until early at 300 baud. Amsat-UK and the Univer-
backwards, never forwards. Without doubt this November. The panel, headed by Sir An- sity of Surrey invite suggestions from read-
is a major problem. tony Part once permanent secretary at the ers on what the data rate should be at
Another problem concerns program de- Department of Trade and Industry and weekends to stimulate maximum interest.
velopment and the editing of source material. now chairman of Orion Insurance, in- They would also be grateful for hard
Suppose that we define MARGIN with 5 cludes Roger Griffiths, professor of copies to be sent to the University for
spaces, try it out, and then decide that perhaps electronics at Loughborough University, evaluation.
it would be better with 10 spaces (then 8 spaces, Information on Uosat and Amsat-UK
...), what happens? Under VLIST (un-
and Alan Day, professor of economics at
then
less one is careful) a large number of competing LSE, with consultant Bernard Rogers as can be obtained from Amsat-UK, London
and conflicting definitions of MARGIN will an assessor. Secretary is P. R. Birch, DoI, E12 5EQ, by sending a stamped addressed
appear. It is possible to FORGET MARGIN (ie 29 Bressenden Place, London SW1E 5DT, envelope. There is also a guide to operat-
erase the last definition) but often it is the kind tel. 01-213 5810. The short notice, according Oscar available for £1 and the latest
of action which is easily forgotten. The way in ing to the Home Secretary in a parliamen- satellite information will be included.
which a source record is kept of the definitions tary answer, is to enable "the necessary
(on what are termed "screens") can in itself lead receiving equipment to be ready in time
to problems. for the projected start of d.b.s. in 1986."
Consider this word, and its definition,
: LOOP -TO -12 13 0 DO I . CR LOOP ;
which prints out numbers from 0 to 12 (the
point means print out the last number
mentioned, in this case the loop counter I). If Uosat back in
that is stored on a screen, and the EDITOR
used, the EDITOR redefines I to an edit com- operation
mand, and so every time LOOP -TO -12 is used The amateur radio satellite Uosat has been
the word will use the redefined version of I (as given an "off" command through the large
per its use in the EDITOR). Unless one is radio telescope dish of the Standord Re-
careful more complex interactions can occur.
For a t.i.l. to work most effectively what is
search Institute, California. Uosat became
needed is a processor which is able to efficiently uncommandable in April this year when
point to locations which point to locations which both its 145 and 435MHz transmitting
point to locations which ... More technically beacons were switched on together. This
what is needed is a processor with sophisticated swamped the command receiver and no
addressing modes. The common Z80 or Z80A further commands could be passed.
micro -processor is not known for its sophis- Now, the University of Surrey is in full
ticated addressing - the opposite in fact - and command. All telemetry has been tested
though the also popular 6502 is slightly better, and found to be correct as it was originally
there is little to choose between them. The re-
cent Motorola 6809, as used in the Tandy Color
left in April. Test and analysis programs After a "perfect countdown" to the launch
Computer and the Dragon, seems to be a chip are being dumped on to the F100 space- of Marecs B on 10 September, announced
which would fit the t.i.l. philosophy well. craft computer for future use in the Phase ESA said "an anomaly led to a lower trage -
BORIS ALLAN 3 programmes. The 1800 on -board compu- tory than required".

W8)
width of 10MHz. search department. Indeed if signal
HDTV -on -Sea Of course all this was closed-circuit
television, as there does not seem much
processing electronics become cheap
enough, it might also be possible to use
Visitors to the International Broadcasting likelihood of transmitting a 30MHz video high definition techniques with advantage
Convention at Brighton had a good oppor- bandwidth until direct broadcasting satel- in the receiver (the transmission system
tunity to assess the high definition colour lites get going. In the meantime it seems remaining unchanged and compatible with
more likely that HDTV will have useful existing standards). As Mr Sandbank re-
television system which NHK, the Japan-
ese Broadcasting Corporation, has been applications in the production, distribu- marked, in his paper on future broad-
developing over the past few years. Sony tion and projection of motion pictures. casting developments, for signals "derived
were demonstrating a camera, monitors, a Sony claim that the picture quality "fully from a high definition studio standard and
v.t.r. and a large -screen projector, all matches that of 35nun motion picture pre-filtered for compatible 625 -line trans-
working on the 1125 -line, 60 field's stan- film." (But this is not a new idea: older mission, up -conversion to a higher line
dard proposed by NHK. The pictures are readers in the UK will remember Norman standard, e.g. 1250, with adaptive interpo-
said to contain five to six times the amount Collins's film production company High lation may also be worthwhile."
of information provided by current NTSC, Definition Films of some 30 years ago.) However, the same speaker very sen-
PAL and SECAM services, but although Nevertheless there is no reason why sibly pointed out that high definition
the images were undoubtedly superior high definition equipment of this kind television broadcasting in the full sense
they did not seem as impressive as one should not "be used in the studio well really awaits the time when large-area
might expect from doubling the number of before the capacity to transmit such signals domestic displays capable of doing justice
lines and sextupling the video bandwidth becomes established", in the words of to a standard with more than 1000 lines"
to 30MHz. Of course, the relationship be- Charles Sandbank, head of the BBC's re- become commonplace components."
tween subjective picture quality and objec-
tive definition parameters is not a linear
one and probably there is a law of dimi-
nishing returns here.
Sony's camera uses three 1 -inch Saticon Wireless telephones legal
tubes with an optical beam-splitter, giving
R, G, B signals with a resolution of 1200
television lines. The 17 and 24in colour
monitors are based on Trinitron display
at a price
Rumours that the Government were about
to licence sale of wireless telephones were
confirmed recently by the Department of
-
The devices have to be tested for confor-
tubes with a fine -pitch vertical grille (300, Industry. The previous "liberalization" mity with technical guide 47, which for a
and 400µm respectively); while the pro- schemes of November last year covering "small charge" is available from J. Jeans,
jector, using red, green and blue 9 -inch extension telephones and modems, and of BTHQ, ICS214, 45 Moorfields, London
tubes, throws a picture on a 2000 by last May covering callmakers/repeating EC2Y 9U, tel: 01-432 9347 (the small
1200mm screen. Recording on the 1 -inch diallers with integral modems, are now charge turns out to be £ 10). There is a hefty
v.t.r. is by the f.m. method using Y, U, V extended to include "cordless" telephones, charge for testing; probably between
signal components with a luminance band- as the DoI call the wireless extensions to £3,000 and £5,000 will be required before
width of 22 MHz and chrominance band- distinguish them from radio telephones. testing begins. In defence of such amounts
BT say that ordinary telephone testing al-
ready costs around £2,000 (three samples
are assessed) and additionally there are r.f.
and security aspects to take into account.
Interim frequency allocations up until
1986 are 1632 to 1792kHz for transmitting
and 47.45 to 47.55MHz for receiving.
Interim Merriman
The Merriman spectrum review com-
mittee recommends that the 405 -line tv
service should be closed by the end of
1984, years earlier than planned. They
suggest that the best use of these v.h.f.
bands would be for mobile services -
radio -telephones and internal and opera-
tional communication for the broadcast
authorities. The mobile radio allocation
plan should be developed in consultation
with manufacturers and users by the end
of 1983, as should plans for the broadcast
ancillary services, to be implemented pro-
gressively, starting in 1985. Having con-
sidered some of the alternatives, such as
"Some manufacturers have the u.l.a. made for them to the specification of the computer," community tv and a full channel of
says Oric computer designer P. T. Johnson of Tangerine Computer Systems, "rather than teletext, the review committee considered
designing the u.l.a. around it". Like many popular computers Oric 1 is based on a 6502 that all tv services would be best served by
microprocessor and a u.l.a., but unlike others it provides an eight -colour facility together
existing and proposed schemes such as
with '5K of user ram for £100. A printer and disc drive are promised for the near furure, as is
a £60 modem to interface with videotex systems.
satellite and multi-channel cable services.
76
Tapping their own drum Radio Nederland has published a book
listing the Basicode reserved words and
protocol and giving hardware and software
After just a month of production in their adaptations which may be needed to use
new factory, the inventors of an electronic the system with a number of popular com-
drum synthesizer had orders worth over puters. The book and a cassette of
£250,000, secured by the new company's programs written in Basicode are available
New York distributor. Developed two at cost price (from Europe this is 25 guild-
years ago the drum kit, as it is called, has ers, about £5) from Basicode, Administra-
touch -sensitive pads that trigger produc- tive Algemeen Secretariat, NOS, PO Box
tion of sounds: rhythms are not pro- 10, 1200 JB Hilversum, Netherlands.
grammed in as with conventional rhythm
generators. Its four main touch pads trig-
ger bass drum, snare, high and low tom-
The Hunt is up
toms and secondary pads operate high -hat,
The findings of the Committee of Inquiry
into cable television suggest that there
closed high -hat and variable crash/ride
should be few controls and that cable and
cymbals. It also incorporates a rhythm unit
programme providers can provide as many
which can be set to trigger the high -hats
channels as they like. The report recom-
with variable tempo and time signature
mends the setting up of a supervisory,
modes. Sound levels of each effect is ad-
franchising authority. There would be no
justable and outputs allow direct interface
restriction on the quantity of advertising.
with multitrack mixing desks. Associated
Each franchise should cover an area of not
instruments can be used individually or
more than half a million homes. Present
triggered by the device, for instance the
providers of cable services would no longer
Clap gives a wide range of clap effects, gun
be obliged to carry BBC and ITV pro-
shots, explosive and other white noise
grammes though any new service would.
effects, while another gives tympani departure from my own business" says These recommendations do not seem to
effects. Coxhead "but I'm glad we got it on the provide the `licence to print money' that
The electronics design aspects were the market before anyone else got the idea". many potential cable providers were looking
work of Clive Button who teamed up with His inital investment of £30,000 for the for. It does not suggest a national standard
Mike Coxhead, who otherwise runs a prototype has paid off and he's now after for cable services (the Eden Inquiry
building renovation firm, "Its a bit of a £1 million orders by the end of year. is looking into cable standards). The
main, and most controversial, point is that
there is no distinction between the cable
providers and the programme providers. If
microprocessor sub -committee of the IEC
Micro arithmetic semiconductor devices committee. The
they were separated, there could be a
national plan to give interactive services
UK did not vote explicitly in favour of
leaves UK in cold publication of this standard, though the
over the whole country. With the current
plan, there will be no cable service in the
USA, USSR, Japan and most of Europe less populated areas for a long time.
Floating-point arithmetic for new did. And we haven't been able to contact
microprocessor systems, the subject of anyone from the sub -committee yet -
IEC publication 559, defines ways to Fast a -2-d converter
there were no UK members.
perform binary floating-point arithmetic, Research into high -definition television at
whether realized entirely in hardware, NHK laboratories has produced an 8 -bit
software or a combination. The need for Basicode by radio analogue -to-digital converter with a maxi-
this world standard comes from booming In an attempt to find a universal version of mum sampling rate of almost one gigabit
international trade in microprocessor the computer language Basic which would per second.
systems say the IEC, and a divergence of allow different computers to `talk' to each
national practices could act as a brake. In other and to be able to load the same
defining a family of commercially feasible
ways for new microprocessor systems to
programs from a single source, Dutch
radio has developed Basicode, a list of re-
Corrections
served words common to nearly all ver- Circuit modelling by microcomputer by R.
perform floating-point arithmetic, the IEC I. Harcourt, August 1982. The graphs pub-
say the benefits will be "enhanced port- sions of Basic. A large number of the more lished were inadvertently printed in place of
ability and capability programs; direct popular home and hobby computers may some more recent ones. In the examples
support for execution -time diagnosis of be easily adapted to load programs written used, the 'phase degree' axes should be
anomalies, smoother handling of excep- in Basicode. Earlier this year Radio -Ne- shifted by 180° to correct the graphs.
tions, and interval arithmetic at a reason- derland started broadcasting computer
able cost; and development of standard programs on the English -language pro-
Simple, low -frequency oscilloscope. There
elementary functions, high precision arith- gramme Media Network, as did NOS on are one or two changes to the circuit diagram
metic and coupling of numerical and the domestic Hobbyscoop programme. They of this instrument, which was described in
symbolic algebraic computation". found that for shortwave 300 baud was the the September issue. The top contact of the
It specifies 32 and 64 bit formats, results maximum rate for reliable reception but sweep -speed selector switch should be re-
for arithmetic operations, conversions be- they also transmit locally on medium wave moved, and the 10kí2 and 3.3k12 resistors
tween integers or decimal strings and float- at 1200 baud and have had reports of on the base of the tail transistor in the Y
ing-point numbers and between different successful recording of data from neigh- amplifier should be interchanged. The
bouring Germany. Use of Basicode on author also asks us to point out that the
formats, as well as exceptions and their 470nF capacitor in the -2kV line (not
handling, including non -numbers. The amateur v.h.f. bands has now been ap- +2kV) should be of 1200V working and the
standard is based on an IEEE 754 draft proved by the Dutch telecommunications 1µF should be 600V, not 6000V.
and was prepared in just over a year by the authority.

PROGRAMMABLE GPIB-TO-
SERIAL INTERFACE
Remote programmable facilities dispense with some of the switch packs used in the
earlier talker/listener interface design.
A data byte on the internal instrument by Chris Jay is valid. When this data byte has been
bus may be loaded into the octal latches of taken the 96LS488 decodes the bus
the comparator chip. In the acceptor -data handshake lines to set TXST high. This
state, the byte corresponding to the end - assertion is inverted by gate 6 to drive the
of -text character is clocked into the F524 This second part completes the des- uarts DRR input low. When low the uart
by the rising edge of STB3, applied to the cription of a programmable modifica- permits the next serial data input to be
CP input. This signal is derived from the tion to the 488 parallel -to -serial in- received without overrun error. Transmis-
terface. Featured in the July issue of sion of data bytes continues until the end -
RXST 96LS488 output in the same way WW, it was conceived as a low-cost
as STB1 and STB2. The RXST and of-text character is sent. Transmission of
interface solution for instruments with the fanal data byte results in a data match
RXRDY handshake is completed through a serial data link such as an RS232C
and -gate 4 and multiplexer IC12. When the with the contents of the 74F524. The EQU
port. When configured to a keyboard
instrument receives an unlisten command, and addressed as a talker, characters (=) will be pulled passive high by the
and provided one of the other three func- typed on the keys are converted by the 1Ok12 pull-up resistor. Inverter I13, which
tions is addressed, ENBL3 returns high, interface from serial to parallel data has been enabled drives the EOI line low,
so Itt drives the SO, S1 inputs low, putting and transmitted over the bus data concurrent with the transmission of the
lines. A printer interfaced to the bus is final data byte in the character string. The
the 74F524 into the compare mode. Ap-
addressed as a listener; data bytes controller-in -charge may recognize this
pendix 1 gives a more detailed description received are serially encoded and fed
of the 74F524 operation. In this mode the end -of-text message, regain control of the
to the serial input port of the printer.
74F524 compares the eight -bit data input bus and un -address the instrument until it
The interface used 13 i.cs including a
with that data latched internally. If the 96LS488 to perform interface func- is required to talk again.
bytes do not match the equals (=) output tions and message decoding, an
will stay low. But if there is a true compari- IM6402 uart for the serial/parallel en- Serial poll capability
son the internal open -collector driver turns coding of data, and an MC14411 as a The instrument interface has the capability
off and the output floats passive high frequency reference for serial trans- to generate a service request and respond
mission and reception at four link - to a serial poll. If, during the serial encod-
through the lOkf1 pull-up resistor. During selectable rates. During the talker -ac-
talker active the three state condition on ing or decoding of data bytes, a framing,
tive state the interface could automat-
inverter I13 is removed, and a passive high ically recognize an end -of -text charac- parity, or overrun error occurs, the output
on the 74F524 output results in an active ter, and assert the EOI line concurrent of nor -gate 8 goes low. The cross -coupled
low on the end -or -identify line. The asser- with the transmission of the final data latch of gates 9 & 10, set during a power on
tion of EOI concurrent with the transmis- byte in the character string. master reset, will drive the 96LS488 RSV
sion of the fanal data byte in a character (request for service) input low. The
string can be treated by the controller, and 96LS488 responds by asserting the service
listeners active on the bus as an end -of-text request line. The controller -in-charge may
completes the RXST/TBRL handshake for
terminating message. regain control of the bus to conduct a serial
the asynchronous transfer of data bytes to
Interface as an active listener. After the uart transmit buffer register. Data
poll, and hence determine the source and
initia i7ation, the interface may then be bytes present on the GPIB data lines are
cause of the service request. To perform a
addressed as an active talker or listener for inverted onto the internal instrument bus
serial poll, the controller asserts the ATN
the serial/parallel or parallel/serial conver- by IC3 which is enabled by the active low
bus line and issues an UNL message to
sion of data. The interface becomes lis- prevent active listeners responding to sta-
signal LACSENBF.
tener addressed after receipt of the fol- tus bytes as though they were data bytes.
lowing remote messages: UNL, MLA and Interface as an active talker. To The serial poll enable message is sent over
MSA O. When MSA 0 is received a falling program the interface as an active talker the data lines and each instrument capable
edge at the 96LS488 LAD output inverts the sequence of UNL, MTA and MSA 0 is of responding to a serial poll will sequen-
through the nand -gate 1, producing a ris- sent. The TAD 96LS488 output goes low tially receive its talk address. The control-
ing edge at the CP inputs of the dual D - and latches the code 00 into the dual D - ler removes the assertion on line ATN and
type latch ICS. The CP pulse clocks the type latch IC7. The ENBLO output of ICsb listens to the bus for the instrument, to
low outputs from It and I2 to the Q outputs goes low, and when inverted by Is pro- issue a status byte. When the interface is in
of the D-type latches. The AO & 1 address duces a high enable signal for nand -gate the serial poll active state, the SPASENBF
inputs of the 74LS139 select the 00 out- NG2, so the inversion of TXST may drive output from or -gate 3 goes low. The
puts of ICs. The ENBLO output of ICsb the DRR uart input. Also, the output of Is 74F240 half of IC10 drives the data lines 1-
provides a low select input to IC12. This enables and -gate seven establishing a 3 with the inverted IM6402 outputs of
establishes a TBRE/RXRDY handshake DR/TXRDY handshake between the uart PE,OE and FE. Note to relieve the three -
signal between the u.a.r.t. and the and 96LS488. When the interface enters state on these outputs the 6402 status flag
96LS488. The 96LS488 RXST output the talker active state the TACSENBF sig disable input must be disabled low. The
drives the uarts TBRL input through Is, nal goes low. The 74F240 enable inputs output of the_ SPAS-enabled EOI inverter
the selected 00 output of ICsa and the and the uart receive register disable input drives the E 0I bus line inactive high. This
nand -gate 5. The TBRE output from the goes low. Parallel data serially encoded signal is not asserted by the instrument
uart is used as an enabling input to gate 5, from the RS232C input is inverted to drive during serial poll active state. The re-
whichensures that TBRL will not the bus data lines by IC4. The uarts data quested service output RQS from the
go low until the transmit register has se- ready output drives the 96LS488 TXRDY 96LS488, wire-or'ed to data line 7, will go
rially encoded and transmitted the data input high, via and -gate seven, to inform active low, indicating that the interface
byte present at the TB1-8 inputs. This listeners active on the bus that a data byte originated the service request. When the
Minicomputer
000000000000 Controller
in charge
Interface
GPIB
Interface Iute face Interface
Ill
Other instruments
Keyboard Video terminal Printer Punch
status byte is read by the controller the be necessary to issue a clear message to the sage. If a request for service had arisen aue
STST 96LS488 output goes high then low, interface before normal operation can be to an error (framing parity or overrun)
pulsing the STRDY input low then high resumed. generated during the transmission or re-
through inverter Ito. So as the status byte ception of data, it will be necessary to clear
is read the local handshake STST to Clearing the system the uart and set the RSV latch. After the
STRDY is automatically driven. From the There are two ways of clearing the instru- serial poll the controller may respond by
format of the status byte the controller ment interface. On the application of addressing the interface as a listener and
program may determine the error that power the RC network of 10k12 and 10µF sending a selected device clear. The CLR
occured during encoding and transmission reset the 96LS488 and the uart. The uart 96LS488 output pulses low, producing a
or reception. If an error resulted in one of may be cleared remotely on the receipt of a high at the output of gate 11. This resets
the error flags going active high then it will device clear or selected device clear mes - the uart through the master reset input
Also, the CLR low output sets the cross
coupled nand -gate configuration of gates 9
& 10, resulting in RSV being driven Mac
Table 5a. UART control register, MSA 1
five.
DAB 1 DI01 0102 D103 D104 D105 D106 D107 D108 RS232C transmission
SBS EPE PI CLS1 CLS2 x x x
and reception
The t.t.l. level signal at the uart TRO
Control The following inputs are used to set the control register status when output and RRI inputs are converted to
register the CRL input goes high. RS232C ±12 volt levels by the µA1488
transmitter and from the ± 12 volt levels
CLS1, Character length select - these two inputs select the character length
that by the µA1489 receiver. Pin 2 of the
CLS2 according to
µA1489 is left open -circuit.
Character length 5 6 7 8 bits Clock frequency for the 96LS488 CP
CLS1 L H L H
input is generated by a CR network o
CLS2 L L H H
470pF and 2209. The "power-on" reset
consists of a 10µF and lOkf1 network, the
PI Parity inhibit. A high level inhibits parity generation, parity checking and diode 1N4148 configured to provide a ra
forces the PE status flag output low. This input overrides the EPE input. pid discharge path when power is removed
EPE Even parity enable. When the PI is set low a high level on the EPE input from the circuit. The TAD and LAD
generates and checks even parity conversely a low level selects odd parity. 96LS488 outputs are wired to 1.e.ds and
resistor pull-ups. Red and green 1.e.ds are
SBS Stop bit select. This input selects the number of stop bits. The number of stop configured to the TAD and LAD outputs
bits added to the transmitted character also depends on the character length
selected by the CLS1 and CLS2 inputs. The following table lists the number of of the 96LS488 and may be mounted so
stop bits selected versus the character length and state of the SBS input.
Table 5b. Data speed generator latch, MSA 2

Table 5c. MC14411 clock outputs
DAB 2 DI01 D102 D103 D104 D105 D106 D107 D108 Data Rate Outputs x64 x16 x8 x1
0 0 0 x x x x x 75 (Hz)
1 0 0 300 F3 307.2k 76.8k 38.4k 4800
0 1 0 600 F7 76.8k 19.2k 9600 1200
1 1 0 2400
0 0 1 1200
1 0 1 4800 Clock rate outputs are 16 x data speed of
0 1 1 4800 the cart serialized data. Using A & B
1 1 1 19200 control inputs, 00 gives x1, 10 x8, 01 x16
and 11 x64.

Table 6 Appendix 2
Serial poll: The serial poll is a mechanism
SO S'I Operation by which instruments capable of talking
0 0 Hold - retains data in shift may individually send information pertain-
register ing to their current status over the data
0 1 Read - read contents in regis-
lines. The controller may interrupt events
ter onto data bus
1 0 Shift - Allows serial shifting on the bus to invoke a serial poll either in
on next rising clock edge response to a service request initiated by
1 1 Load - load data on bus into the instrument or as an autonomic process
register
initiated by the controller's command
program. The service request line may be
use of three of the unused outputs of ICii, used by the instruments to request atten-
a significant increase in the number of tion from the controller and may be
rates available may be achieved, see Fig. 3. likened to the use of an interrupt line to
Four address inputs SO, Si, S2 and S3 of generate an interrupt and divert processing
the 74150 may be driven from the Q0-3 during the execution of the computer
74LS374 latch outputs. Address inputs program when attention is required by a
Chris Jay is senior design engineer at may select any one of the clock outputs F1- peripheral component.
Marian Electronics, Stroud, 16 of the MC14411. If the E input is Parallel poll: The parallel poll can have a
Gloucestershire. Joining GCHQ in permanently low and the Z output is con-
Cheltenham as a trainee technician
distinct speed advantage over the serial
straight from school, he obtained City
nected to the TRC and RRC inputs of the poll because a single status bit from eight
and Guilds (Telecommunications) and IM6402, the outputs F1-16 wired to individual instruments may be read by the
HNC qualifications at day release and multiplexer inputs I0-15 may be indi- controller simultaneously. The end-or -
evening classes. These qualifications vidually selected to provide a clock input identify line is used by the controller as the
helped him qualify as a mature to the uart. The A and B inputs to IC6 can identify line (this line is also used by
student for a full-time degree course be wired to the Q4 & 5 outputs of IC13, talkers active on the bus for end -message,
at Essex University. On graduation in 74LS374. The two -to -one multiplexer of so it has a a dual purpose). Any instrument
1977 he joined Texas Instruments as 063, 004 and AG2, shown in Fig. 2 may capable of listening will be assigned a data
pert of the engineering design effort be dispensed with. A full description of the line by the controller onto which it will
on the 9911 DMA controller chip.
Preferring to be involved with device
MC14411, including a table of the clock declare its status bit during the parallel
applications he joined Linotype paul In frequencies at the outputs F1-16, may be poll active state. Notice that two or more
Cheltenham where he designed obtained from the Motorola publication instruments may use a single line as a
computerized file storage equipment "European cmos selection". wired -or function. The controller will con-
for the newspaper and printing figure the instruments to respond to a,
industries. He left to join Fairchild's Appendix 1 parallel poll in the following way.
Bristol design centre In 1980, where he
wrote this article.
The 74F524 is á new addition to The instrument will be addressed to lis-
Fairchild's Fast family. It is a registered ten. The controller will send the parallel
(latched) comparator with bidirectional poll configure message which conditions
eight-bit I/O and an independant serial the instrument to expect the following.
that the user may clearly see the current data 1/0. When data is stored internally parallel poll enable message, and its format
addressed state of the instrument. The the device may compare a byte offered to determines how the instrument responds
its parallel eight-bit data input, and gener- during the active state. Data bits on lines
return -to-local 96LS488 input is perma-
nently wired to Va through a 10kí2 resis- ate an equivalence, greater than or less 5, 6 & 7 of the PPE message are set to 110.
tor. than output, for a programmed mode in- Data line 4 will contain a parity bit. A true
put of magnitude, or two's complement comparison with the device-dependant in-
Ideas for further development dividual status message will produce an
vcc
Although the interface circuit was de- 20 affirmative parallel poll response during
19 the active state. A false comparison be-
signed to have a number of useful features 51
this design could be developed for in- 18', 5E tween the line 4 bit received in the enable
creased functional capability. With the 17 CSI message, and the i.s. _message results in no
addition of a 74150 multiplexer circuit and 16 CSO response to the identify message. The re-
15 = maining bits of the enable message on lines
14 > 1, 2 & 3 will contain a one -of-eight code
1't < which will assign one line for transmission
of the compare bit during a poll response.
12 ' Mode If the bit pattern were 000, the response
Clock
would occur on data line 1, 001 would
yield a response on 2, and so on.
IC1 compare. The three comparison outputs
1M6401
are all open-collector, and designed to be
pulled passive high when asserted. This
makes it convenient for cascading with
TRC other 74F524 devices. These outputs are rBidirectionel interface
RRC enabled by a logic low on the SE On the RS232 port of this GPIB-to-
input. The SO and SI address inputs RS232 send -or -receive interface
permit register loading, reading, data converter, data ratos can be set by
holding and shifting. Format of SO and SI switches or are software program-
is shown in Table 6. The mode input may mable in the range 50 to 19200
be set high or low depending on whether bit/s. The RS488, distributed by
the design requires magnitude or two's Electroplan, has a 40 -character in-
complement comparison. There is a single put buffer and provides an RS232
clock pulse input; the rising edge on this clear -to -send signal. Price of the in-
pin can load data into the register, or shift terface is under £200. Electroplan
I Ltd, PO Box 19, Orchard Road,
the contents by one bit from the CSI input
to the CSO output. Pin configuration is Royston, Herts SG8 SHH.
shown in Fig. 4. WW501 for further details
80
Single i.c. for f.s.k. modem
or the digital data lines connected exter-
nally to allow testing of the local modem
using a remote one.
Although this 28 -pin n-mos device will
Data transmission by telephone line re- shown in the table. not be in full production until the begin-
mains the most convenient and cheap When set to operate to either Bell 202 or ning of next year, samples of out -of-speci-
method of conveying digital information CCITT V23 standards, and say, acknow- fication i.c.s should be available now.
over medium and long distances despite its ledgement and control signals may be re- WW500 for further details.
slowness, hence interest in modems. Ad- turned to the sender on remaining band-
vanced Micro Devices are to manufacture width while the sender continues to
an i.c. that requires only a handful of non- transmit at 1200 bit/s. Modem configurations
critical components, some switching and An auto -answer facility meeting Bell and
level conversion logic, and an acoustic V25 specifications is also built in. Upon Standard Bit/s Duplex Features
coupler or direct -coupling arrangement to receipt of a signal at its ring input, a silence Bell 103 300 full originate
form a modem that can be switched to suit interval is followed by an answer tone at Bell 103 300 full answer
one of four standards. the transmit-carrier output. T.t.l.-compat- Bel; 202 1200 half
The Am7910, whose application is Bell 202 1200 half line equalizer
ible terminal -control signals such as data - 300 full originate
CCITT V 21
outlined in the diagram below, has built-in terminal ready, request to send, clear to CCITT V 21 300 full answer
a -to-d and d -to-a converters and all proces- send and carrier detect are provided, with CCITT V 23 mode 2 1200 half
sing, including filtering, is done digitally appropriate delays. CCITT V 23 mode 2 1200 half line equalizer
under the control of a crystal, so drift To aid testing, the device can be set to CCITT V23 mode 1 600 half
problems due to ageing and temperature operate in one of ten loop -back modes, in
change are not inherent and adjustments which transmitter and receiver sections are
not required. Five mode-select inputs set set to operate on the same channel or fre-
the maximum data rate at 300, 600, or quency and either the analogue output and
1200 bit/s and select one of nine modes input connected together for local testing
Transmit ter
October 27
Mode -control Application of viewdata to transaction
inputs
processing; one day seminar in central London.
Details from Modcomp, Molly Millars Lane,
Wokingham, Berks.
--. TC/'
Digital Digital Analogue October 28
-to
JVL TO sine -wave _y band pass
d
converter
- a
post
-
Modern tv chassis philosophy and circuits:
synthesizer filters filter To director Royal Television Society meeting, 7pm at IBA,
From acoustic
uart 70 Brompton Road, London SW3.
coupling
November 2
Commencement of programme broadcasting on
Receiver Channel 4
November 9
Comex 82, Radio communications exhibition,
Saxon Inn, Northampton. Organised by the
Digital Federation of Communication Services, 70
MM RC
Analogue
prefilter
a -to -d
converter
bandpass
filters
HDigital
demodulation
RDA_ Church Road, London SE19.
From direct To uart November 10
or acoustic Industrial robotics; IEEIE lecture, White
coupling Horse Hotel, Dorking, Surrey. IEEIE 2 Savoy
Carrier
CD
Hill, London WC2R OBS.
detect November 11
-
Newspeed news without paper. Royal
Television Society meeting on TVS news
gathering system. 7pm, IBA, 70 Brompton
gre Road, London SW3.
November 18-19
Industrial applications for distributed
rfg computing: conference at National Computing
Centre, Manchester and sponsored by SERC.
BRT TC' 11//ve-- Details from F. Chambers, Logica, 64 Newman
DAA
600
BLß, Wvnie-- Street, London W 1A 4SE.
22k November 20
TO Electronics for Peace Network: Inaugural
Am7910
RD
meeting in Bracknell, Berks. Further details
22k
R[ from Tim Williams, Telephone: 0732 864882.
BID November 23-25
2nd International Conference on Semi-custom
ORORESE
ICs. The West Centre, London SW6.
. 10n 1M Organised by Prodex (Seminars) Ltd, 79 High
+5 Street, Tunbridge Wells.
MIT
XTfiLt
XTALZ
- 2-4576MHz
1 1
November 25
Hi-Fi TV - Bigger, Better Pictures: Royal
Television Society lecture at IBA, 70 Brompton
Road, London SW3 at 7pm.
lute
setect
£APt
390p
7k2
T_T November 26 - December 5
11th International exhibition of inventions
switch combined with the first International
exhibition of special techniques. New
Exhibition and Conference Centre, Geneva.
Details from the Secretariat, International
,50-J Exhibition of Inventions, 8 rue du 31-
Decembre, CH -1207 Geneva, Switzerland.
EP"OM EMULATOR
This board programs a 2716 eprom with software developed on the emulator described in
the September and October issues. A small printer provides hard copy of the software
under development. Only two i.cs are required for the programming board, one for
conversion from 5 to 25V and the other to determine the programming -pulse length.
Only a relatively simple circuit is required by Peter Nicholls, M.A. when the 'e' key is pressed. Transistors
to transfer software evolved using the emu- Tr2, 4 switch the 25V program voltage to
lator into an eprom since the program- the 2716 socket. The software continues,
ming -control software and key are in- eprom's program input, pin 18, while pin doing nothing more than reading all the
cluded in the main -board design already 21 of the i.c., Vpp, is held at 25V. The 25V 6116 ram's data onto the bus in sequence.
published. supply, present at pin 21 while the eprom A few nanoseconds after the point in the
To program a 2176 or any of its close is being programmed, must not be applied read cycle where the 6116's chip -select
relatives, addresses and corresponding to the i.c. in the absence of a 5V supply, input goes low, IC10 is triggered to provide
data are presented to the èmpty' device otherwise the eprom will be damaged. two opposite pulses. Negative pulses, at
and each byte is held for 50ms. This pro- pin 9, are applied to the processor's
grammer addresses the eprom sequen- Operation NHOLD input and, while low, cause the
tially, as is usual. A 50ms pulse coinciding Referring to Fig. 1, control software on the system buses to become static. When IC10
with the `data-hold' period is applied to the emulator board first switches flag 1 high reverts, the processor goes into the next
read cycle, and so on until the eprom is
full. Positive pulses are fed to the eprom's
D11 program -pulse input.
5V
N4001 Transistor Tr3 only allows pulses to pass
to the processor's hold input after the e key
124 20 26 21
has been pressed and until programming is
24 pa completed. Without this blocking tran-
24 -pm
socke` Pms 1-11,13-17, 19, 22, 23
z I f 18 sistor, transmit and receive functions of
socket the emulator will not work while the pro-
to rece ve
for
hender programming gramming board is connected and display
problems will be encountered with some
_112.
0V
412
0V
functions.
Power supply. Figure one also shows the
switching -regulator circuit used to provide
a 25V programming voltage from a 5V
supply. The inductor shown may be made
3 13
using 56 turns of 32 s.w.g. wire on an
COa CC'b dd RM6/250 pot core. Both regulator and pot
CS 6116 R28
O vvti 11
ab
10 core are available from RS Components.
(pm 18) 2k2 12 }Triggerb Before the programmer is used the pro-
8 IC10
gramming voltage should be set to within
-- R29 1M
...»100p half a volt of 25V at pin 21 of the eprom
5
C10 VSs 4538
4
Hold 8060
socket. This is done with a temporary
}Tríggera N
o 10kf2 load resistor connected between pin
BC548 / I pm 6) 21 of the programming socket and ground
T1b T2 182L
15 14
(pin 12). The programming board should
OV 3 10k
Tr be connected to the emulator, the 'e'
R
control key pressed, and the potentiometer
47n
BC22L adjusted to give the required voltage at pin
Flag 1 806e
21. Under the same conditions but with
(pin 21) the flag input low, the voltage reading
at pin 21 should be close to 4.3V.
r- 3 1
780p
34
I C7 100p {180 Connection to the main board
C8 100n
14 115
A 24 -pin dil socket, which may be either a
C9 47n
standard or zero -insertion -force type,
mates with the header plug on the lead
from the emulator board. Three other
connections to the programming board
may be made through a four-way cable,
plug and socket. I used an RS467 611
25V
socket shell, with 467 589 terminals, and a
468 080 right-angle plug in my version.
0V
Boards produced using the available
overlays (and those boards from PKG
L_ Electronics) have four holes for this
connector to the right of IC1. From top to
Fig. 1. 2716/2516-eprom programming board shown connects directly to emulator board bottom, the connections are flag 1, no
and requires only 5V supply. A 25V supply is generated on the board by IC11. Monostable connection, CS and NHOLD. Re-
1010 generates 50ms programming pulses. moval of the unused plug pin and fitting of

Table 1. Modification to the programming software. With the original software*, the e connector carrying flag 1, chip -select and
prompt did not occur until one second after e had been keyed. Uninitiated operators
pressing the e key again within 1s to try and get some response on the display would find hold will speed up the FF -filling process
their software overwritten with FF bytes. The e prompt appears as soon as the key is by eliminating the 50ms delay at each
pressed with the software modifications shown. Blank spaces in lines 36 and 45 should be address. brow, the require program can
ignored since the original software at their locations remains unaltered. be typed into the emulator from a specified
address, the connector replaced, the
36
eprom inserted and the e key pressed once.
75 C4 00 C9 This transfers the new program, leaving
37 CO C4 07 C9 C:l. Cl Cl El 9F 40 04 C9 CO
9C. C'1 C4 data already in the eprom unaltered.
38 00 C9 Cl E:9 30 9C E:4 C4 08 36 C4 00 32 06 01 36
39 D4 OF
It is not possible to read back the
98 05 36 8F 02 90 F4 Cl 00 07 C.4 03 C9 2A
40 Cl 63
contents of an eprom with this basic tool so
C9 2E: 04 2F C9 2C C4 2E: C9 2E:: C4 07 C9 2F
41 it is wise to keep copies of programs on
Cl 7F C9 2E3 C4 05 37 04 D2 33 3F C4 OE: C9 CO C4
42 00 C9
tape if future software expansions or mod-
Cl 36 C9 30 36 32 C9 31 32 C4 FF CE 01 36
43 D4 OF
ifications are envisaged.
98 07 36 8F 02 90 F4 90 1D Cl 08 36 C6 01.
44 8F 02 32 01 Cl 31 60 98 04 01 32 90 36 01.
F1. Cl
45 30 60 98 A5 01 36 90 E:6 Printer -mechanism control
Minor software modifications and a little
* The author asks us to point out that the tenth byte along line 21 of the main program additional hardware allow a small printer
shown last month read 69 but should have read 89. mechanism to be driven by the emulator to
produce whole or partial listings of the
emulator's memory contents. Discounting
a blanking plug in the socket will ensure display to show the first unused address the printer and its 24V power supply, it is
that the connector cannot be fitted the and press the e key twice within one estimated that additional electronic com-
wrong way round. second. The prompt will amend to F and ponents will cost about £2.
Before the eprom to be programmed is each unused byte of ram will be leaded Printing is initiated by a spare control
inserted, the 5V supply should be switched with FF immediately before the byte con- key marked p mentioned in the first arti-
on and the emulator and programming cerned is programmed into the eprom; cle. Referring to Fig. 2, transistors five
boards connected together. Now, with a otherwise, the programming sequence re- and six switch the 24V supply to control
blank eprom in the socket and a developed mains the same. the paper when the p key is pressed. Tran-
program in the emulator's memory, the e Should software in the emulator have to sistors seven to ten drive and brake the
key is pressed. This initiates the program- be programmed into the remaining space motor.
ming sequence, consisting of 2048 cycles of a partially full eprom, the emulator ram The i.c. used for display driving on the
of about 50ms each. When programming is should be filled with FF before the eprom emulator board, IC3, consists of seven
complete, the display will show `burnt'. is inserted ready for programming. When Darlington transistors. When the printer is
If the software written into the emulator the procedure is finished, the display will operational, this i.c. is used to drive the
is not intended to fill the eprom, set the show `burnt'. Removing the three -pole heads so prompt characters are not shown
on the display. In this case, the printer in
action provides sufficient prompting.
Character generation and synchroniza-
Table 2. Control and character-generator software for driving a small printer mechanism to tion with the print -head traverse are car-
provide listings of the emulator's ram. As shown, the relocatable printer routine between
lines 45 and 60 follows on at the end of the modified programming routine shown in this
ried out by software for which there is
article. If the programming software shown in the October issue is to be used, line 45(a) at ample space in the 2K monitor eprom.
the end of this listing should be used instead of line 45. If the modified programming Using software in this way keeps costs to a
routine is to be used without the printer, line 45(b) shoula be used. This leaves the eighth minimum.
control key without a function and the program jumps back to the start of the monitor if it is
pressed. Blank spaces should be ignored and decimal line numbers shown correspond with
those given in the original listing. Lines 98 to 102 are character generator tables. Operation
Before the printer is used, the 24V supply
45 Cl 06 37 04 10 33 C'3 00 should be set by adjusting the potentiome-
46 C9 35 C9 36 C9 3C C9 3D C9 3E: C9 3F C9 CO C4 04 ter in the 12V regulator's ground lead.
47 07 C4 00 09 41 C4 08 C9 40 06 D4 10 98 FE:: 06 Dl When the printer is connected, the a key is
48 10 90 FE: 02 00 1.0 1C 1C 1C 01 02 90 70 70 70 70 used to set the displayed address to the
49 01 C3 80 C9 30 04 01. 70 01 C3 80 09 31 C4 0:1. 70 beginning of the program to be printed
50 01 C3 80 C9 32 C4 01 70 01 C3 80 09 33 C'3 01 70 and the p key is then pressed. Printing
51 01 C3 80 C9 34 C6 01 D4 OF 01 40 70 70 70 70 01 continues until address 7FF is reached
52 C3 80 C9 37 C4 01 70 01 C3 80 C9 38 C'3 01. 70 01 unless the p key is redepressed for around
53 C3 80 C9 39 Cl 01 70 0:1. C3 80 C9 3A 90 04 90 95 a half of a second. When printing is com-
54 90 Al C4 01 70 01 C3 80 C9 3E C4 30 01 06 D4 20 pleted, the print head positions itself at the
J5 9C FE: 06 D4 20 98 FE Cl 80 09 CO C4 AE:: 8F 00 Cl left-hand side of the carriage and out of
56 00 C9 CO 06 D4 20 9C FE: 06 D4 20 98 FE:: 40 E::4 3F contact with the paper so that the software
57 98 06 C4 01. 70 01 90 D5 C:1. Cl E:4 9E: 98 04 C4 0:1. record can be fed through and torn off.
58 09 41. E9 40 98 02 90 E:13 36 D'1 OF 98 05 36 Cl 41 It is important to note that the
59 98 AC 06 DA 10 98 FB 8F 88 0l 00 07 Cl Cl Ei 9E metallized paper used is at 24V with res-
60 9C FA C4 00 37 C4 00 33 3F pect to the OV line of the emulator so
damage is likely to result if the paper
98 3E 45 49 51. 3E 00 21 7F 01 00 2.1. 43 45 49 31 42 touches any conducting element of the
99 41 51 69 46 OC 14 24 7F 04 72 51 51 5:14E lE 29 system while still in the printer. Covers
100 49 49 06 40 47 48 50 60 36 49 49 49 36 30 49 49 will be needed not only to prevent access to
101 4A 3C 3F 48 48 48 3F 7F 49 49 49 36 3E:41 41 4:l mains voltages but also to prevent the
102 22 7F 41 41. 22 10 7F 49 49 49 41 7F 48 48 48 40 paper touching any conducting part of the
system.
The PU245-L20 printer mechanism
used with the original system prints twenty
45(a) 08 08 08 OB 08 0E3 08 08 C4 06 37 C'3 10 33 Cl 00 columns of 5 -by -7 -dot characters on
60mm-wide electrosensitive paper in roll
45(b) 30 60 98 A5 01 36 90 E:6 Cl 00 37 C4 00 33 3F FF form and is available from Farnell
Electrosensitive printer
mechanism used to provide
hexadecimal listings of the
emulator ram contents. It has a
vertical row of seven dots and
the character dot width is
determined by software.
Eprom-programming unit built on single -

sided p.c.b. Header plug from emulator mates
with standard i.c. socket; a second zero -insertion -force
socket is more convenient here but far more expensive.
4 x 1N4001
IC12 ^7812
.
12V D12 D13 _= ==FFF = _
C141 220n I
470n
13=-- 1000p
12V D14 15 T 30V 10k R3
BC
680
461
Sample of the PU245 printer's font which is
E
24V 6VA under software control.
e.g. RS207-201 BC 5r7/
9 182L
3k9
( Flag 2) Electronic Components Ltd, Canal Road,
016-20 7x 1N4001
Leeds LS12 2TU, or from GMT Electron-
30 It 8
9 ics, Newport House, 22 Hartfield Road,
1 0 r
50 10 London SW19 3TD under the code name
40 11
}Etectrodes 10E 012 LE. The print head has seven
12
70 vertical dots and software is used to deter-
Printer
20 13
PU 245L-20 mine the character dot width.

60 14
Etched but undrilled boards for the pro-
2
10 0 grammer and printer electronics are avail-
(Tare in) R39
0
able from PKG Electronics, Oak Lodge,
80 Tansley, Derbyshire for £4 each including
(Sense) 10k
R4C 10k i Pick-up postage. Undrilled boards for the emulator
lonC17 Reed cod
are also available at £8 each inclusive, as
switch I
110 are programmed eproms at £5 inclusive,
(+5V) from the same source. These eproms con-
Moto rj 5
120 tain the printer routine.
(Grid)
Photocopies of the track layouts and
component positions can be obtained by
Nos 1-12 sending a large s.a.e. to Wireless World
refer to
R Tr Emulator, Room L303, Quadrant House,
connecto- 10k
on side of
41
R42 Sutton, Surrey SM2 5AS.
Tr
)13C 461
emulator
board R43 R 3k9
44S R45
(1 = back 10k
12 = front) 10k BC2L5481
18
R Tr
47 Wireless World index
Tri 46 The Index for last year's volume
4
10
'wti /BFY51 of Wireless World is available for
3k 9
10k 75pence, postage included, from
BC548 / General Sales Department, IPC
182L
Electrical -Electronic Press Ltd,
Quadrant House, Sutton, Surrey.
of the emulator ram's contents was obtained using a small, cheap printer Indices back to 1973 are available
Fig. 2. Hard copy
mechanism connected as shown. The display -driver i.c. consisting of seven Darlington for the same price, except that for
drives the print head so display prompts are not given during printing. Numbers to 12 1
1977 which costs £1.20.
refer to connector pins on the single -sided boards available.
PERSONAL
COMPUTER
Basic language in Hewlett-
Packard's portable computer is part
of a 48K operating system
supplemented by 16K of ram,
expandable up to 24K, and up to
three plug-in rom modules of 8 or
16K. As the unit is battery
powered, memory contents are
retained when the computer is
switched off and the real-time clock
can be used as an alarm clock or to
turn on the computer and run a
program at a set time. The 32-
character sections of 96 -character
lines shown on a dot-matrix 1.c.d.
may be scrolled from side to side.
Programs and data stored on
magnetic strips capable of holding
1.3K bytes are read by a transducer
in the computer, or alternatively
peripherals with much larger
magnetic memories may be used.
Of the 169 instructions in the existing software from one size of
operating system, 147 are Basic drive to the other, or existing
commands, statements or software on 8in disc can be
functions; program, data and converted by the importer if two
appointment files can be named, 51/4in high -density drives are to be
saved and made to interact with used. Vincelord Ltd, Suite 2, 26
each other. Every key on the 254 by Charing Cross Road, London
127 by 32mm unit is redefmable WC2.
and may be given a new label using WW302
snap-on overlays. Peripherals
include printers and plotters.
Hewlett-Packard Ltd, Nine Mile
Ride, East Hampstead, CMOS A -TO -D
Wokingham, Berks. CONVERTER at the end of a triggered sweep, oscilloscope using the 8001 from
WW301 An 8 -bit microprocessor - immediate freezing of the display, Global Specialities. Multiplex rate
compatible analogue-to-digital data and display refresh on and overall gain are variable as is
converter called the ADC830 is triggering and a rolling -display the trigger level between ±5V,
manufactured by Datel-Intersil mode in which the pre -trigger triggering being taken from the
LOW-COST 1MBYTE (Intersil Datel in the UK). storage facility may be used. A first channel and available as a t.t.l.
version with X, Y and pen-lift compatible signal at the output.
DISC DRIVES Conversion time is 100µs and the
outputs for use with a plotter is also
Up to 1.2Mbyte of formatted data device, with external adjustment, Each channel has an input
can be stored on a half-height 51/4 gives a maximum error of ± 1/2 available. Gould Instruments Ltd, impedance of 1Mfl, will accept
in disc drive costing under £400 I.s.b. Outputs may be switched to a Roebuck Road, Hainault, levels of ±5V, and has a flat
excluding vat. Called the YD380T, high -impedance state. Intersil Ilford, Essex IG6 3EU. response to 12MHz down 3dB at
this double-sided, double -density Datei (UK) Ltd, Snamprogetti WW304 20MHz. Channels may be viewed
drive comes from the Japanese House, Basing View, Basingstoke, individually by stepping manually,
Hants RG21 2YS. viewed all at once, or one of two
company Ye-Data who also
groups of four may be displayed.
manufacture a standard-height WW303 EIGHT -CHANNEL Its price is £225 excluding vat.
51/4in drive capable of holding
800Kbyte of formatted data and MULTIPLEXER Global Specialities Corp., Shire
costing £325, the YD280. An eight - Eight analogue and/or digital time - Hill Industrial Estate, Saffron
inch version, the YD180, with a related signals may be viewed at Waldon, Essex CB11 3AQ.
STORAGE SCOPE FOR once on a single -channel WW305
capacity similar to the 380T costs
under £400 and uses IBM or LESS THAN £1,000
equivalent diskettes. When used as According to Gould, the 0S1400
double -density drives, the two 20MHz digital-storage oscilloscope
1.6Mbyte drives, the 180 and is the first of its kind for under
380T, transfer data at 500Kbits/s £1000 since their first one in the
and have average access times of early seventies. This dual -channel
91ms and average latency times of instrument has pre -triggering from
83ms. These drives are intended for 0 to 100% and post-storage trace
original -equipment manufacturers expansion facilities and may be
are are thus uncased and without used as a real-time oscilloscope. Its
power supply. storage capacity is 1K by 8-bits,
Systems consisting of one 8in giving vertical and horizontal
drive and one high -density 51/4 resolutions of 1 in 256 and 1 in 1024
drive, or two of the latter, are also respectively; a dot -joining facility
available. A CP/M compatible disc - giving linear interpolation between
operating system for either size of samples is incorporated. Display
drive may be used to transfer modes allow freezing of the display
ZX INTERFACE FIBRE -OPTIC
Digital and analogue i/o modules DATA LINK
for control and sensing applications Designers wanting to evaluate the
using the ZX80 and 81 computers many advantages of fibre -optic
are made by RD laboratories. data -communication links over
These modules connect to the their electrically-conducting
computer through one of two main counterparts can do so with a kit
interfaces, one at £15 for carrying from Burr Brown. Two
two modules and one at £40 for RS232/20mA-compatible
carrying up to eight modules. Five transmitter/receiver boards and two
modules ranging in price from 33 -metre lengths of fibre -optic
£27.50 to £34.49 are available for cable are main elements of the £299
digital i/o, analogue input, output kit. Burr Brown International Ltd,
and multiplexing, and light -pen Cassiobury House, 11-19 Station
connection. RD Laboratories, 5 Road, Watford, Herts WD1 lEA.
Kennedy Road, Dane End, Ware, WW309
Hens SG12 OLU.
WW306
ROM USING RAM
Lithium batteries are used to retain
DIGITAL data in 2Kbyte of data in cmos ram
CAPACITANCE for around 10 years in a product
called Memic-L from Camel.
METER WW309
Connection of the 102 by 61 by
Highest and lowest of eight ranges 25.4mm device to the computer is
on Metenech's MT301 hand-held lAER OPTL TRAN9N,*Eu through a 30cm long 24 -way cable
capacitance meter are 2000µF and so more than one unit may be used
200pF respectively. The meter's on boards with sockets that are
readings are given on a half-inch close together such as used in the
high 31/2 digit l.c.d. with 0.5%, ±1 Apple. Function switches are used
digit error on the lowest range with PIHfA OTC HECtiVEq to select the upper or lower half of
41,1,4 aFUwN=
0.1pF resolution. At £69, the memory or the whole 2K,
instrument includes test clips and depending on the type of system,
batteries; a case is available for £6. and access time is said to be better
Centemp Instruments Co., 62 than 200ns. Each device is supplied
Curtis Road, Hounslow, Middlesex with instructions for £29.95.
TW4 5PT. Cambridge Microelectronics Ltd, 1
Milton Rd, Cambridge CB4 1UY.
WW 307
WW310
AMBISONIC
DECODER
Besides decoding UHJ ambisonic
recordings, such as used on
records from Unicorn and
Nimbus, the AD2 also enhances
standard stereo. It consists of a
board measuring 100 by 100 by
25mm intended to fit into existing
hi-fi equipment and includes a
control for compensating for
different speaker layouts.
Currently available recordings are
two channel but the decoder will
also be suitable for three-channel
UHJ recordings. (See, for
example, NRDC surround -sound
system by M. A. Gerzon, WW
April 1977 page 36.) The AD2
PWM25 has two outputs which costs £49.45 including vat.
P.W.M. I.C. FOR are low in the off state; in the Minim Audio Ltd, Lent Rise
REGULATORS PWM27, the outputs are high in Road, Burnham, Slough SL1
Two i.cs designed for driving the off state. A shut -down function 7NY.
is included. The same distributors WW311
power mosfets in switched -mode
power supply applications are have recently introduced a range of
low -noise op -amps from
manufactured by Siliconix and
available through Semiconductor
Raytheon, the RC714 series, that
Specialists. The PWM25 and require an input bias current of Professional readers are
typically InA. Semiconductor
PWM27 are 16 -pin devices invited to request further de-
aiETEMIce Specialists (UK) Ltd, Carroll
RI
CAPAC.tTáNCE NBTFR
containing an error amplifier, flip- tails on items featured here
own t\t. House, 159 High Street, Yiewsley,
flop, oscillator, pulse -width by entering the appropriate
modulator and voltage regulator West Drayton, Middlesex
WW reference number(s) on
for controlling drive -signal UB7 7XB.
the mauve reply -paid card.
frequency and pulse width. The WW308

86
U.K. RETURN OF POST MAIL ORDER SERVICE, ALSO WORLDWIDE EXPORT SERVICE
BSR DE LUXE AUTOCHANGER £18 MINI MULTI NEW
Plays 12", 10" or 7" records, Post £2
j
xe pocket sizeTESTERmoving NEW baker Star sound
Auto or Manual. A high 1
-
coil instrument. Impedance + Capacrecision ity high power full range
quality unit backed by BSR
reliability. Stereo Ceramic
- 4000 o.p.v. Battery included. quality loudspeakers
I 1l instant ranges measure:
British made
e !
Cartridge. AC 200/250V. Size DC volts 5.25.250; 500.

131/2x 111/4in. 3 speeds.
Above motor board 3/in.
1
/ AC volts 10, 50, 500, 1000. £6,50 exceptional
DC amps 0.250pA, 0-250mA. Post 50p reproduction. Ideal for
Below motor board 21 in. Hi-Fi, music P.A. or
Cut out Mounting Board £1 extra i'. Resistance 0 to 600K ohms.
discotheques. These
w
D. Luxe Range Doubler Model, loudspeakers are
HEAVY METAL PLINTHS Post £2 1 50,000 o.p.v. f18.50. 7 x 5 x tin. Post £1 recommended where
Cut out for most BSR or Garrard decks.
Silver grey finish, black trim. Size 16x1338in. £4 high power handling is
DECCA TEAK VENEERED PUNTH. Post £1.50
NEW PANEL METERS £4.50 required with quality
500µa, results. The high flux
Superior finish with space and panel for £5 5Q1.1a, 1001.ta, ,\
ceramic magnet ensures clear response.
small amplifier. Board is cut for B.S.R. 1ma, 5ma, 50ma, 100ma, ,,,;, ,;,,,,,, - 1
183 tin.x 141/4inx4in. Black/chrome facia trim. Also with MODEL INCHES OHMS WATTS TYPE PRICE POST
boards cut out for Garrard £3. Tinted plastic cover f5
500ma, 1 amp, 2 amp o a, MAJOR 12 4.8-16 30 HI-FI £14 E2
25 volt, VU Meter. DELUXE MK II 12 t 15 HI-FI f14 £2
TINTED PLASTIC COVERS Post £2 21/4X2X11/4 Post50p SUPERB 12 8-16 30 HI-FI íZ4 D
177/bx131/bx31/4in. £5 181/4x121 x3in. £5 AUDITORIUM 12 8-16 45 HI -R 122 £2
171/4x93/ex31 in. £3 143í13x121 x27iáin. £5
Stereo VU meter AUDITORIUM 15 8-16 60 HI-FI 134 f2
161/x15x41 in. £5 16%x13x4in. £5 31/4x15/ex lin. CI CROUP45 12 4-8-16 45 PA £14 £2
17x 127/ex3lhin. £5 141/2x 131/ex23/4in. £5 GROUP 75 12 4-8-16 75 PA
223áx 137/bx3in. £5 171/4x 13/x41/ein. £5
RCS SOUND TO LIGHT CONTROL BOX flt £2
211/2x141/4x21 in. £5 21x131x41/sin. £5 Complete ready to use with cabinet size 9x3x5in.
channel, 1000 watt each. For home or disco
je27 GROUP 100
DISCO 100
12
12
8-16
8-16
100
100
Guitar
Disco
124
£24
£2
t2
2348 x 14 x 37/ein. £5 303tx133bx31/4in. f5 3 LL GROUP 100 15 8-16 100 Guitar f32 £2
Input 200mV to 100 watt. AC 200/250V. Post £1. DISCO 100 15 8-16 100 Disco U2 £2
OR KIT OF PARTS £19.50, LESS CABINET £15
BSR SINGLE Disco bulbs 100 watt, blue, green, yellow, red, amber,
screw or bayonet £1.85 each. Post £1.50 per six. BAKER AMPLIFIERS BRITISH MADE
PLAYER DECKS Rope lights, 4 channel, 11ft with controller 240V £33. PP
BSR P170 RIM DRIVE £20 £1..
QUALITY DECK "Fuzz" lights, red, blue, green, amber, 240V AC. E23.
Post £2 200 Watt Rear Reflecting White Light Bulbs. Ideal for
Manual or automatic play.
Precision ultra slim arm. Disco Lights, Edison Screw. 6 for E4, or 12 for £7.50. Post
Black with silver trim, stereo ceramic cartridge 65p. Suitable panel mounting holders 85p.
BSR P204 SINGLE PLAYERS SPECIAL OFFERS RCS "MINOR" 10 watt AMPLIFIER KIT £14 .
Two speed 33/45 r.p.m. hi-fi decks with stereo This kit is suitable for record players, guitars, tape
cartridges, cueing device and snake arm. playback, electronic instruments or small PA systems.
Ceramic - 240V AC f15 or 9V DC E18 Two versions available: Mond, f14; Stereo, f20. Speci-
-
Magnetic 240V AC f20 or 12V DC f24 Post 12 fication 10W per channel; size 91/2x SAE details.
NEW PAIS° MICROPHONE PA AMPURER £1?9
Full instructions supplied. 240V AC mains. Post £1.
THE "INSTANT' BULK TAPE ERASER E9.50 Post 95p 4 channel 8 inputs, dual impedance, 50K-500 ohm 4 channel
Suitable for cassettes and all sizes of tape RCS STEREO PRE -AMP KIT. All parts to build this
nixing, volume, treble, bass. Presence controls, Master volume
reels. AC mains 200/250V. Hand held size pre -amp. Inputs for high, medium or low imp
control, echo/send/return socket. Slave sockets. Post £3.
with switch and lead (120 volt to order). per channel, with volume control and PC Board
Can be ganged to make multi -way stereo mixers Post 65p
£2.95 BAKER 150 Watt AMPLIFIER 4 Inputs £89
Will also demagnetise small tools and
computer tapes. For Discotheque, Vocal, Public Address. Three speaker outlets
Heed Demagnetiser only £5. - MAINS TRANSFORMERS Post for 4, 8 or 16 ohms. Four high gain inputs, 20 mv, 50K ohm.
250.0-250V 80mA, 6.3V 3.5A, 6.3V lA £5.00 E2 Irdividual eolume controls "Four channel" mixing. 150 watts 8
BATTERY EUMINATOR MAINS to 9 VOLT D.C. 350-0-350V 250mA, 6.3V 6A CT £12.00 E2
220V 25ma 6V lamp £2. Amp £3.00 C1 ohms R.M.S. Music Power. Slave output 500 M.V. 25K.ohm.
Stabilised output, 9 volt 400 m.a. U.K. made in plastic 250V 60mA, 6V 2A
220V 45ma 6V 2
£3.75 Response 3 Hz -
20kHz ± 3dB. Integral Hi-Fi preamp separate
case with screw terminals. Safety overload cut out. Size
AUTO 115V to 240V 150W 0. 250W £10. 400W cll. 500W £12.00
C1
E2
Bass & Truble. Size -
16"x8"x51/2". Wt -
14lb: Master
5x31/ax21hin. Transformer Rectifier Unit. Suitable volume control. British made. 12 months' guarantee. 240v A.C.
Radios, Cassettes, models, £4.50. Post 50p. GENERAL PURPOSE LOW VOLTAGE mains or 120V to order. All transistor and soled state. Post £2.
Tapped outputs available Price Port MONO SLAVE VERSION £75.100 Volt Line Model E104. Post £2.
DE LUXE SWITCHED MODEL STABIUSED. £7.50. PP £1. 2 amp. 3, 4, 5, 8, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 25 and 30V fó.00
3-6-71/2-9 volt 400ma DC max. Universal output plug 1 amp. 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 48,
E2 New Stereo Slave Model 150 + 150 watt £125. Post £4.
60 f11.00 E2
and lead. Pilot light, mains switch, polarity switch. 2 amp. 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 48, 60 £10.tí0 E2
3 amp. 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 48, 60 £12.00 C2 BAKER £69 Post e2
6 amp. 6, 8, 10, 12,16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 48, 60 í1a.00£2
DRILL SPEED CONTROLLERAJGHT DIMMER KIT. Easy 5-8-10-16V. /2 amp. £2.50 80p 15-0-15V. 2 amps 0.75 £1 50 WATT
build kit. Controls up to 480 watts AC mains, £3. PP 65p. 6V. 1R amp. £2.00 £1 0.00
DE LUXE MODEL READY -BUILT 800 watts. Front plate 6-0-6V. 11/2 amp.
9V. 250ma.
£3.60 £1
£1.60 80p
20V 1 amp
20-0-20V 1 amp 0.50
£1
E1 AMPLIFIER -
fits standard box, £5. Post 65p. 2010-60V 1 amp £4.00 C2 Ideal for PA systems, Discos and Groups. Two inputs,
9V. 3 amp 0.50 E1 25-0-25V 2 amps £4.50 f1 Mixer, Volume, Controls, Master Bass, Treble Gain.
8-0-9V. 50me £1.50 80p 28V 1 limp Twice £8.00 £2
10-0-10V. 2 amps 0.00 £1 30V 1/í amp 0.50
EMI 131/2x8In. LOUDSPEAKERS:' 10-30í0V.2 amps 0.50 f1 30V 5 amp end
E1
RCS offers MOBILE PA AMPLIFIERS. Outputs 4116 dew
Model 450, 10 watts R.M.S. with 12V. 100ma £1.60 Bop 17-0-172a £4.00 E2 20 -wett R84.3 12v DC, AC 240e, 3 inputs. 50K PP f2. fa
12V. 750 ma 0.00 BOp 35V 2 amps £4.00 £1 40 -watt RMS 12v DC, AC 240v, 4 inputs. 50K f75 PP f2
moving coil tweeter and two-way 12V 3 amps 0.60 £1
crossover; 3 ohm or 8 ohm.
TOROIDAL 30-0-30V 4e Mic 1; Mic 2; Phono; eux. outputs 4 or 8 or I6 end 1110v lime
£aw 12-0-12V. 2 amps 0.60 £1 and 20-0 20V 12a £10.00 C2 80 -watt RMS, Mobile 24 volt DC & 240 -volt AC mains. inputs 50K.
"Final Clearance". Sale Price TRANS Post RECTIFIERS Post
)CHARGER 3 nies + music. Outputs 4-8-16 ohm + 100 volts line E85 PP £2
SUITABLE BOOKSHELF CABINET ppt £1.50 6-12 volt 3a £4.00+f2 6-12 volt 2a £1.10+ 80p
1
E6.50. Size 18x 11 x6in. Post £1.50. 8 12 volt 4a 0.50+E2 6-12 volt 4a 0.00+80p Beaery only Portable PA Amplifier 10w max. Includes mike and
RELAYS. 6V DC 95p. 12V DC £1.25. 18V í1.25.24V £1.30

BLANK ALUMINIUM CHASSIS. 6x4-£1.45; 8x6-£1.80;
- OPUS COMPACT
SPEAKERS £22 pair Post £2
speaker, OK for meetings, crowd control, stalls, fetes, traders,
parties, etc. Batteries included (6 of U2) £27.50 post £2.
R,C.S. 100 watt Robust
10x7-£2.30; 12x8 -f2.60; 14x9 -f3; 16x6-£2.90; TEAK VENEERED CABINET VALVE AMPLIFIER
16x 10-f3.20. 14x3 [1.80. All 21 in. deep. 18 swg. 11x81/x7in,15watts 1St. 4 Channel mixing. Master
ANGLE AU. 6x 3/4x 3'dí n. 18 swg. 30p. 50 to 14,000 cps.4ohmor8ohm 'r treble, bass and volume
ALUMINIUM PANELS, 18swg. 6x4 -45p; 8x6 -75p;
14x3 -75p; 10x7 -85p; 12x8-[1.10; 12x5 -75p;
OPUS TWO 15x 10Y2x7/in 25 watt ' ej0 controls. 5 Speaker outlets,
16x6-[1.10; 14x9-£1.45; 12x12-[1.50; 16x 10-£1.75. 2 -way system £39 pair. Post f3 suits 4, 8,16 chm. Disco
group. £125. Carr. & ins. £15.
ALUMINIUM BOXES. 4x4x11 £1.4x21 x2 £1.3x2x1ft. LOW VOLTAGE ELECTROLYTICS Wire ends 1Op
6x4x2 £1.80. 7x5x3 E2.40. 8x6x3 £2.50. 10x7x3 £3.
12x5x3£2.75. 12x8x3f3.60. All with lids, (inch sizes).
1mf, 2 mf, 4 mf, 8 mf, 10 mf, 16 mf, 25 mf, 30 mf, 50 mf, 100
mf, 250 mf. All 15 volts. 22 mf/6v/10v; 25 mf/6v/10v; 47
FAMOUS LOUDSPEAKERS
BRIDGE RECTIFIER 200V PIV 2e £1. 4a £1.50. 6a £2.50. mf/10v; 50 68 mf/6v/10v/16v/
mf/6v; "SPECIAL PRICES"
TOGGLE SWITCHES SP 40p. DPST 50p. DPDT 60p. 25v; 100 mf/10v; 150 mf/6v/10v; 200 mf/10v/16v; 220 MAKE MODEL SIZE WATTS OHMS PRICE POST
MINIATURE TOGGLES SP 40p. DPDT 80p. mf/4v/10v/16v; 330 mf/4v/10v; 500 mf/6v; 680 SEAS TWEETER 4ín 50 £9.50 fl
RESISTORS. 10f2 to 10M. 1/4W,1 W, 1W, 2p: 2W 10p. mf/6v/10v/16v; 1000 mf/2.5v/4v/10v; 1500 mf/ GOODMANS TWEETER 31 1n 25 f4 E1
HIGH STABILITY. 1/2w 2% 10 ohms to 1 meg. 10p. 6v/10v/16v;2200 mf/6v/10v;3300 mf/6v; 4700 mf/4v. AUDAX TWEETER 4in 30 £6.50 fl
WIRE -WOUND RESISTORS 5 watt, 10 watt, 15 watt 20p. 500mF 12V 15p; 25V 20p; 50V 30p. 1200m 76V 80p. SEAS MID -RANGE 4in 50 £7.50 fl
PICK-UP CARTRIDGES SONOTONE 9TA £2.50. 1000mF 12V 20p; 25V 35p; 50V 50p; 100V 70p. SEAS MID-RANGE 5in 80 £12 fl
BSR Stereo Ceramic SC7 Medium Output £2. SC12 £3.
PHIUPS PLUG-IN HEAD. Stereo Ceramic. AU1020 (G306
2000mF 6V 25p; 25V 42p; 40V 60p; 1200m 100V £1.20. SEAS
GOODMANS
MID -RANGE 41/in
HIFAX
100 £12.50 fl
2200mF 63V 90p. 2500mF 50V 70p; 3000mF 50V 65p; 7/hx41A 100 18/16 f22 £2
GP310 - GP233 -AG3306, £2. A.D.C., ULM 30/3 Magnetic £5. 4500mF 64V U. 4700mF 63V £1.20. 4700mF/40V 85p. GOODMANS WOOFER Sin 25 /6 £5.50 E1
GOLDRING G850 £6.50, G800 £8.50. STYLUS most popular HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTROLYTICS GOODMANS HO Sin 60 £12.50 £1
Acos, Sonatone, BSR, Diamond £1.20ea. 2/500V 45p 8+8/450V RIGONDA GENERAL 10in 15 15 £2
LOCKTITE SEAUNG KIT DECCA 118. Complete f1. 7511 32+32+16/350V 90p SEAS WOOFER 10in
8/450V 45p 8+8/500V, Cl 100+100/275V 65p
50 £16 £2
VALVE OUTPUT Transformers (small) 90p. 16/350V 45p 8+16/450V GOODMANS HPG 12ín 120 8/15 £25.50 E2
SUB-MIN MICROSWITCH, 50p Single pole changeover. 75p 150+200/275V 70p GOODMANS
32/500V 75p 32+32/350V 50p 220/450V 95p GR12 12in 90 415 £27.50 £2
ANTEX SOLDERING IRON 240V 15W £4.80. 25W £4.70. 32/350V 50p 32+32/500V £1.80 32+32+32/325V 75p GOODMANS HPO 12m 120 415 E2550 £2
JACK PLUGS Mono Plastic 25p; Metal 30p. 50/450V 95p 50+50/300V 60p 50+50+50/350V 95p GOOUMANS HPD 1Sin 230 8 £50 E4
JACK PLUGS Stereo Plastic 30p; Metal 35p.
JACK SOCKETS Mono 25p. Stereo 30p. CAPACITORS WIRE END High Voltage SPEAKER COVERING MATERIALS. Samples Large SAE.
.001, .002, .003, .005, .01, .02, .03, .05 mfd 400V 5p.
FREE SOCKETS - Cable end 30p. Metal 45p. .1 MF 200V Sp. 403V 10p. 600V 15p. 1000V 25p.
R.A.F. LOUDSPEAKER CABINET WADDING 18in wide 35p ft.
2.5mm and 3.5mm JACK SOCKETS 25p. Plugs 25p. MOTOROLA PIEZO ELECTRIC HORN TWEETER, 33Vin. square ES
DIN TYPE CONNECTORS .22MF 350V 12p 300V 20p. 1000V 30p. 1750V 50p.
.47MF 1500V µ V 0.. lOOpFV OpOppF 0V 80p. 10) watts. No crossover required. 4-8-16 ohm, 731u131Ain. EMI
Sockets 3-pin, 5 -pin 15p. Free Sockets 3 -pin, 5 -pin 25p.
Plugs 3 -pin 20p; 5 -pin 25p; Speaker plugs 25p; Sockets 15p. TRIMMERS 30pF 540PF,10p0 200p.50
540p. 30p CROSSOVERS. TWO-WAY 3000 c/a 30 watt 8 £3. 100W E4.
MICROSWITCH SINGLE POLE CHANGEOVER pF 3 -war 950 cps/D000 cps. 40 watt ratina. £4.3 was 60 watt«. NOW Dt.
PHONO PLUGS and SOCKETS ea. 20p.
Free Socket for cable end 20p. Screened Phono Plugs 25p. TWIN GANG, 12CpF £1. 500+200pF £1. LOUDSPEAKER BARGAINS
300 ohm TWIN RIBBON FEEDER 10p yd. GEARED TWIN GANGS 25pF 95p. 3 obi, Sin, 7 x cin, £2.50; 81/2in, 8 x 5ín, d;
Bin, £1.50. 10in, f5.
GEARED 365+365+25+25pF f1. 1 ohm, Min, 3iß, £2; 5x Sin, 7 x 4in, 5in, E2.50; 61/2in, 8 x 5in, E3;
300 ohm to 75 ohm AERIAL MATCHING TRANSFORMER ft. TRANSISTOR TWIN GANG. Japanese Replacement f1 Bin, £4.50; loin, £5; 12in, £1.
U.H.F. COAXIAL CABLE SUPER LOW LOSS, 25p yd.
COAX PLUGS 30p. COAX SOCKETS 20p. Lead Sockets 85p. SOUD DIELECTR C 100pí £1.50, 500p4 £1.50 15 ohm, 31/2in, E x Sin, 6 x 4in, £2.50.
25 ohm, 3in, f2.5 x Sin, 7 x 4in, £2.50.120 ohm, 31hin dia. fl.
NEON INDICATORS 250V, round 30p. Rectangular 45p. HEATING ELEMENTS, WAFER THIN (Semi Flexible)
CAR CASSETTE MECHANISM. 12V Motor Stereo Head fS
Size 11 x9xWe. Operating voltage 240V, 250W approx.
POTENTIOMETERS Carbon Track Suitable for Heating Pads, Food Warmers, Convector R.C.S. LOW VOLTAGE STABILISED
Heaters, Propagation, etc. Must be clamped between POWER PACK KITS
5kí2 to 2Mí2. LOG or LIN. L/S 50p. DP 90p. Stereo L/S two sheets of metal or ceramic, etc. £3.96. Post 65p
£1.10. DP £1.30. Edge Pot 5K. SP 45p. All parts and instructions with Zener diode printed circuit,
ONLY 60p EACH (FOUR FOR £2) ALL POST PAID. mains transformer 240V a.c. Output 6 or 71 or 9 or 12V d.c.
up to
RADIO COMPONENT SPECIALISTS Dept

Open
1,337 WHITEHORSE ROAD, CROYDON
Closed all day Wed. Open
Radio Books and Components Lists 31p stamps. (Minimum poet/packing charge 50p.) Access or Barclaycard Visa. Tel: 01-884 1665 for SAME DAY DESPATCH. Cash prices Include
9-6.
337
Sat. 9-5.
VAT.
WW -7
87
DUALITY OSCILLOSCOPES,
THE RANGE FOR EUROPE! HM412 £350
HM307.4 £138 ammommaimmem
Bandwidth DC-10MHz (-3dB) - Sensitivity 5mV-20V/ Bandwidth DC-20MHz (-3dB) Sensitivity 2mV/crn -
(±5%) 20V/cm(±3%) Timebase 4Ons/cm Triggering DC 40MHz -
Timebase 9..2s-0.5µs/cm (±5%) Triggering 2Hz-30MHz - (5mm) Algebraic Add., Sweep Delay, x5 Mag., Overscan
mm) -
Built iw component tester Calibrator Screen - - Ind., Var. Holdoff, Single Sweep.
7-.
V.
HM203 £220 HM705 £580
Y: Bandwidth DC-20MHz (-3dB) - Sensitivity 5mV-20V/ Bandwidth DC-70MHz (-3dB) Sensitivity 2mVicm
cm (±3%) -- Dual trace -20V/cm(±3%) Timebase 5ns-cm 2.5s/cm -Triggering DC-
41(: Timebase 0.2s-40ns/cm incl.x5 Magn. Trigger 3Hz- - - 100MHz (5mm), Algebraic Add ,
OMHz (4mm) -Y operation -X

Calibrator Screen 8 x - - Sweep Delay, x10 Mag.;Alt. rrigger,
10cm 2kV. - Trig. After Delay, CRT 14kV.
or free data sheets of the full range contact:
litrisiand
IFIL
France:
HAMEG
West Germany:
HAMEG Gmbh
IEC
MAMEG, LTD.
74-78 Coi inydon Sheet
l 5-9, Avenue de la Republique 6 Frankfurt are Main 71.
ton. LUI 1RX 94800 Vilietuif, Kelsteßtacher Str. 1519
.1,
el. (115821413174/Telex 825484 Tél: 678.09.98ffélex: 270705 Tel: 06111676017(41ex:0413866
Spain United States:

HAMEG IBERICA S.A. HAMEG, INC.
illaroel 172 74 88-90 Fiaiti°. Rd
1ona36 Port Washington, N Y 11050
I: 230.15.97 Phone: 516-883-383715
TWX:5 10 2730889 ,
s U.K. List Ex. VAT

(pantechnic) THE POWERFET

SPECIALISTS
A.B. Dick Magna II
WORD PROCESSORS
POWERFET AMPLIFIER MODULES at £850 plus V.A.T.
The people at Pantechnic have been designing with powerfets since they first
became commercially available. Their experience of powerfet amplifiers, coupled 45 cps Qume Printer
with their insight into the sources of non -linearity often neglected by others, has 8K Working Store
resulted in a new range of powertet amplifiers that are fast, tough, linear and Thin Window Display
cheap. Permanent Storage on Magnetic Cards
POWER RANGE
(Continuous RMS) TYPICAL LOADS NOTES
MODEL
50W -150W 411, 811 Physically small Limited stock of ex-demonstration machines factory
PFA 100
30mm x 79mm x 108mm reconditioned by manufacturer to 'as new' standard
PFA 200 100W -300W 411, 811 f
High Watts per ratio
PFA 500 250W-600W 211, 40, 811 25A continuous output AUTOTYPE (The 2nd -User W.P. Specialists)
current 1 Church Street
PFA HV 200W -300W 40, 811, 16f2 5dB dynamic headroom Cuckfield, Sussex
Drives 70V line direct
Haywards Heath (0444) 414484 and 454377
Key features:
RELIABLE - Powerfet freedom from thermal runaway and secondary
breakdown
LINEAR - TID zero, IM/THD < 0.01% full power, (mid band THD
down to 0.0015%)
- Slew rate >30VI1.S, (45V/µS typical) ORDER YOUR FAVOURITE
FAST
QUIET - Signal to noise ratio 120dB
BRIDGEABLE - (100, 200, 500 without extra circuitry)
0!' AUDIO ACCESSORIES BY MAIL
STABLE - Unconditionally SEND FOR YOUR FREE COPY
LOW COST - 10watts to 20watts per f, depending on model and quan-
tity OF OUR 1982 CATALOG
As they stand these modules suit most P.A. and industrial applications and satisfy
all foreseeable audiophile requirements. (The HV is aimed at digital audio.)
Where aspects of performance fail to meet specific requirements (e.g. in speed
i OVER 250 ITEMS
INCLUDING DIRECT BOXES, MIC-BPLITTERS,
or power) low cost customising is often a possibility. Alternatively entirely new SIGNAL PROCESSING, AUDIO MODULES.
boards can be produce3.-
Pantechnic make more than just PFAs. Loudspeaker protection boards and the 48 CCM TRANSFORMERS 8 MANY OTHER ACCESSORIES
quietest, lowest distortion preamp boards currently available are just two of an PAGES
ever-expanding range.
WITH TECHNICAL DATA
Pantechnic sell high quality power supply and other components at excellent 8I/211X I I" & USE DIAGRAMS
prices.
CHECK US OUT we Ship the fastest & moot convenient say for yout Most Shipments from Stock
Price end Delivery Technical Enquiries
PANTECHNIC (Dept WW10)
17e WOOLTON STREET
LIVERPOOL 125 5N14
contact
Phil Rimmer
on
SES SESCOM, INC.
RETAIL SALES DIVISION
1111 Las Vegas Blvd. North
(702)364-001,3
16001634-3457
Tel: 051-428 8485. .

01-800 6667 Las Vegas. NV 89101-1197 U.S.A TWx (910)397-6996
WW 077- FOR FURTHER AILS

steal] [ado DISCOUNT PRICES
SOLDERING EQUIPMENT
BATrERYCHARGINGUNITS
Sanyo NC45OS £3.62
Will charge 4 AA size batteries simul-
taneously
PSU 24 VAC soldering station FREQUENCY NC1230 £5.89 Will charge DC & AA
er
£16.56 COUNTER size 2 each of 2 types in 14-16 hours
24V -240V º NC75G £3.99 Will charge one PP3 size
Oryx 50 Temp controlled t4 T. Range 10Hz-600MHz (3 q in 7-8 hours. Instructions supplied
soldering iron £9.91 ranges) 9 digit LED Varta C314 plugs directly into stan -
display dard mains socket. Complete with e
Dimensions 203 x 165 x rechargeable nickel cadmium PP3 size
76mm battery £5.45
8610 £79.95
Oryx 30 240V General purpose
SOLDERING IRON £3.60
SAFETY STAND to support and protect SIDE CUTTERS
High impedence 10MHz LOGIC PROBE 21 12 Cutting capacity up to
the iron when not in use £3.35 High speed operation 1.5mm copper wire £6.20
ISO TIP CORDLESS Soldering Iron, powered by long life Switch selectable
nickel cadmium rechargeable batteries, can be used Logic levels, clip leads Supplied
anywhere without mains lead £16.25 LP10 2132 Cutting capacity up to 1.2mm wire £4.83.
De-solder Braid £8.30 £1995 Both cut wire flush with surface, length 115mm
SR 3A --..
2211 Diagonal cutters, blades set at angle of 70' to the
£5.50 "' ? handle, cutting capacity 1.5mm copper wire
De -soldering tool. High suction. Single handed opera- LONG NOSE
tion. - ` ERS
Solder 18 SWG 250G £2.70 2411 Slim narrow jaws, half !- .,
roundsection
BULGIN MOULDED CONNECTORS
6 amp 250 VAC BS4491
M U LTIM ETERS al th 130mm £4.48
P589 Length matching P580 £0.91
. P589 Length side entry matching P580 STRIPPING PLIERS 2076 £5.78
£0.91 Handheld TA15EI full auto rang -
ing LCD digital (10mm high).
P589 2.5m P700 moulded cord set.
BS1363A mains plug and CEE22 appli-
ante connector with 2.5m of black cable
Model DM2350£39.25., OBLIQUE CUTTING NIPPERS
Will cut copper wire up to 1.0mm,
jaw width 10.5mm
£2.25 Handheld Sabtronics complete 578 £7.85 jaw length 8.0mm t
Mains inlet mates with P587 and P589 6 with leads. Model 2035A £49 .;j
amp 250 VAC re-wirable P580/110/POT ..,
£0.28 d t Bench model battery operated
P587 Screw terminals £0.52 - ? for portability, 31 ranges and 6 DIAGONAL CUTTING NIPPERS 4
P588 Side entry £0.72 Jaw width 9.0mm, jaw length 9.0mm 671 £8.04
P590 Mains inlet mates with P597 only 10
functions. Model L2010A £59 SNIPE NOSE PLIERS, Smooth gripping surface
amp 250 VAC hot condition £0.31 870 Jaw length 21 mm £5.72
t P597 Mains connector £0.58 890 Jaw length 32mm £5.72
11328 Terminal cover £0.15
PF1/110 Fused appliance coupler £0.57
STOTRON DISTRIBUTION CENTRES All prices plus VAT. Cash with order. Post & packing is charged at
SCREWDRIVERS FOR SLOTTED SCREWS No 4A Shilton Industrial Estate cost 1£0.50 minimum). No returns can be accepted for credit, unless
Fe! Phillips Screws Bulkington Road, Shilton previously agreed.
961 Blade length 77mm £0.76 Coventry CV7 9JY. Tel: 0203 613521
912 Blade length 75mm £0.45 962 Blade length 96mm £0.92 Other bargains
r9 available
913 Blade length 105mm £0.54 For Posidrivs Screws 72 Blackheath Road, Greenwich
914
985
Blade length 130mm£0.15
Square blade 125mm £0.99
981 Blade length 77mm £0.90
982 Blade length 96mm £1.09
London SE10 BOA. Tel: 01-6912031-3 SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE
60ft TELESCOPIC MAST

& VAN FOR HIRE
Three of the best
in cest The vehicle to meet hundreds of uses,
some of which are high level photography
and observation, radio receiving
Model 467
The 3'/, digit hand portable True RMS and transmitting, field study,
DMM with LCD digital and analogue
display -another Simpson first in the UK.
floodlighting, meteorology, wind
Ì measurement and many, many
The world famous 260" other uses.
The Simpson analogue multimete r that world's
is the
largest selling AMM.27 ranges cover AC and DC volts
DC current, resistance and dB.
Clamp -on
Testers
The new 296-2 for
faster testing of motors,
transformers and circuits.
All models measure up
to 300 Amps AC RMS.
now see the rest

Write now for technical information on
our full range of precision instruments
/ LJ
BachSimpson
Bach -Simpson (U.K Limited,I
Trenant Estate. Wadebridge, Cornwall, PL27 6HD.

FOR HELPFUL SERVICE AND RATES
Telephone: (020881) 2031 Telex: 45451
RING A.V.E.C. LTD. 061-881 2292
89
IL IIP Modular
Amplifiers
the third generation
Due to continous improvements in components and design I LP
now launch the largest and most advanced generation of
modules ever.
WE'RE INSTRUMENTAL
IN MAKING A LOT
OF POWER
In keeping with LP's tradition of entirely self-contained modules
I
featuring, integral heatsinks, no external components and only 5

connections required, the range has been optimized for efficiency,
flexibility, reliability, easy usage, outstanding performance, value
for money.
With over 10 years experience in audio amplifier technology LP I
are recognised as world leaders.
BIPOLAR MODULES MOSFET MODULES
Module DISTORTION Supply Size WT Price Module Output Load DISTORTION Supply Sue WT Pnce
Output Loed
Number Power
W.
rms
ss
Inlped nca
n T.H.D,
Typ at
1KHz
I.M.D.
60Hz/
7KHz4:1
Voltage
Typ
mm gnat inc.
VAT
Number Power
Watts
rms
n
Impedance T.H.D.
TYP at
1KHz
I.M.D.
60Hz/
7KHz 4:1
Voltage
TYp
mm gins
VAT
i i. fil 1 4.8 11.015% <0.006% 0 18 76 It 68 x 40 240 C8.40 MUS 128 60 4-8 <0.005% <0.006% z 45 120 , 78.40 120 L3041
Al 4.8 1,715`%, <0.006% t 25 76 x 68 x 40 240 19.55 MOS 248 120 4.8 <0.005% <0.006% 2 55 120 78.80 850 130.86
lirikaìtl 311r.111 4-8 0.015% <0.006% 225 120x78s40 420 118.69 MUS 364 180 4 <0.005% <0.006% 2 55 120.78 , íU0 1025 Lá5.54
+ J4 6t 4 ll 111'%. <0.006% 2 26 120 x 78 x 40 410 120.75
Able to cope with emole% loads without he need for very special
1
110128 6l <0.006% 2 35 120 78 40 410 120.75 Protection'

H 0.01'u. x x
I2244 121 4 0.1)1%, <0006% 2 35 120 x 78 x 50 520 125.47 protection circuitry (fuses will soft ice/.
Slew rate 20v/ps. Rise time. 3ps. S/N ratio. 100d0
I t. 248 121 8 0211% <0.006% 2 50 120 x 78 x 50 520 125.47
Frequency response -3d81 15Hz -
100KHz. Input sensitivity 500m J .ms
. v 464 HI 4 0.01% <0.006% 2 45 120 . 78 x 100 1030 138.41 I
I.
I
Input impedance 100K71 Damping factor-. 100Hz>400.
168 181 H 0.111-3. <0.006% 2 60 120, 78 x 100 1030 138.41
Protection Full load line. Slew Rate 15v/p+. Rlsetime 50. SIN r tio 100db. 'NEW to ILP' In Car Entertainments
Frequency response -3dB1 15H - 50KHz. Input sensitivity 500mV rms.
Input Impedance 100K fl
Damping factor 100H,>400. .
C15
Mono Power Booster Amplifier to increase the output of your existing car radio
or cassette player to a nominal 15 watts rms.
PRE.AMp SYSTEMS
Very easy to use.
Module Nodule Functions Current Price Mc.
Number Required VAT Robust construction. £9.14 (inc. VAT)
I1v6 MI)n.i pm.rmp M',/Mao. Carl,dge/Tuner.Tape l0rnA £7.60 Mounts anywhere in car.
Au. Vu,/Hass' Treble Automatic switch on.
1,66 Mern,, pre air'o M't /Meg. Cailrddge/Tuner/l ape, 21/mA (14.32
Output power maximum 22w peak into 911
Au. n Vo,:Bass/T'eble/Naiante Frequency response 1-3dB) 15Hz to 30KHz, T.H.D.0.1%at 10w 1K Hz
H073 1;0, par p e amp Tw,, Cu rar ,Bass Lead and Mir 211mA 115.36
S/N ratio (DIN AUDIO' 80dB, Load Impedance 311
separate Volume Bass Treble r M Input Sensitivity and impedance Iselectablel 700mV rms into15Kf13V rms into 811
Hy 78 Sle,eu pre amp As 0066 less lone controls 20n,A f 14.20
Size 95 x 48 x 50mm. Weight 256 gins.
MOst pre amp modules can be driven by the PSU driving the male power
A sepa PSU 30 is available purely for pre amp modules if required for amp. C1515
E5.47 (inc. VATI. Pre -amp and mixing modules in 18 dilterent vanatrons. Stereo version of C15. £17.19 (inc. VATI
Please send for details. Size 95 x 40 x 80. Weight 410 gms.
Mounting Boards
For ease of construction we recommend the 86 for modules HY6-HV 13 £1.05
line. VATI and the 1366 for modules HY66-HY78 £1.29 (inc. VAT/.
POWER SUPPLY UNITS IncorPoraling our own 101014aí nanslorme
Prim inc. Model For Use With Price inc. Model For Use With Prim inc.
Model For UM With
VAT Number VAT Number VAT
Number
111.93 PSU52% 2.00124 [17.07 PSU 72% 2 o 00248 122.54
P0132)6 of 2 Hy30 122.54
I
P5Ú53% 2x MOS128 [17.86 PSU 73X x Hv364

PSU 415 or 2 H V 60, 1 x H V6060 1 x 0V124 13.83 1
[24.20
0v368
1
PSU 42% x 00128 [15.90 PSU54% Ix 00248 [17.86 PSU 74X 1 s

I
MOS248 £19.52 POU 750 2 x MOS248. x MOS368 [24.20

PSU43% 1 xMOS128 16.70 PSU 55% 1 x
1
HV128,1 HV244 C17.07 PSU 71% 2 x H V244 121.75

PSU 515 2 s
Plume note' X in part no. indicates primary collage Please insert in piece of "0'
X for 110V, "1" in place of X for 220V. and "2" n place of X for 240V.
90
WITH A LOT OF
HELP FROM S1. ELEC ICS LTD
PROFESSIONAL HIFI THAT EVERY ENTHUSIAST
CAN HANDLE...
Unicase
Over the years I LP has been aware of the need for a complete
packaging system for it's products, it has now developed a
unique system which meets all the requirements for ease of
assembly, adaptability, ruggedness, modern styling and above
Q- I
/r '444141\lt,rplllllllllll
all price.
Each Unicase kit contains all the hardware required down to
the last nut and bolt to build a complete unit without the
need for any special tools.
Because of LP's modular approach, "open plan" construction
I
is used and final assembly of the unit parts forms a compact

aesthetic unit. By this method construction can be achieved in
under two hours with little experience of electronic wiring
and mechanical assembly.
Hi Fi Separates
UC1 PRE AMP UNIT: Incorporates the HY78 to provide a
"no frills", low distortion, (<0.01%), stereo control unit,
providing inputs for magnetic cartridge, tuner, and tape/
monitor facilities. This unit provides the heart of the hi fi
system and can be used in conjunction with any of the UP
Unicase series of power amps. For ultimate hum rejection the
UC1 draws its power from the power amp unit.
POWER AMPS: The UP series feature a clean line front panel
incorporating on/off switch and concealed indicator. They are
designed to compliment the style of the UC1 pre -amp.
Performance for each unit which includes the appropriate
power supply, is as specified on the facing page.
Power Slaves
Our power slaves, which have numerous uses i.e.
TO ORDER USING OUR FREEPOST FACILITY
Fill in the coupon as shown, or write details on a separate sheet of paper,
quoting the name and date of this journal. By sending your order to our
address as shown at the bottom of the page opposite, with FREEPOST
instrument, discotheque, sound reinforcement, feature in clearly shown on the envelope, you need not stamp it. We pay postage for
you. Cheques and money orders must be crossed and made payable to I.L.P.
addition to the hi fi series, front panel input jack, level Electronics Ltd. if sending cash, it must be by registered post. To pay C.O.D.
control, and a carrying handle. Providing the smallest, please add £1 to TOTAL value of order.
lowest cost, slave on the market in this format.
PAYMENT MAY BE MADE BY ACCESS OR BARCLAYCARD IF
REQUIRED
UNICASES
Price inc.
Post to LP Electronics Ltd., Freepost, 5
VAT
I
HIFI Separates
UC1 Prearnp £29.95 I / Graham Bell House, Roper Close.
Canterbury. CT2 7EP. Kent. England.
1
UPI X 30 + 30W/4 -8n Bipolar Stereo HIE £54.95 Telephone. 10227) 54778.
I
UP2X 60W/411 Bipolar Mono HiFi £54,95 I ELECTRONICS LTO Technical 102271 64723.
60W/8n Mono HiFi £54.95 Telex 965780.
UP3X
UP4X 120W/41).
Bipolar
Bipolar Mono HiFi £74.95 I I
120W/8n Bipolar Mono HiFi £74.95 Please send me the following
UP5X
UP6X 60W/4-811 MOS Mono HiFi £64.95 I I
Total purchase price
UP7X 120W14 -8n MOS Mono HiF, £84.95
I
Power Slaves I I enclose Cheque Postal Orders Int. Money Order
US1X 60W/411
120W/4n
Bipolar
Bipolar
Power
Power
Slave
Slave
£59.95
E79.95 I Please debit my Access/Barclaycard No. I
US2X
US3X 60W/4 -8n MOS Power Slave £69.96 Name I
US4X 120W/4 -8n MOS Power Slave £89.95 I
Address
Please note X in part number denotes mains voltage. Please insert 'O' in place of I I
X for 110V, '1' in place of X for 220V (Europe). and '2' in place of X for 240V
lu.K.) All urnts except UC1 Incorporate our own toroidal transformers.
WW - 056
JSignature
FOR FURTHER DETAILS

r I

Meet some of the
best brains in Britain
at Al
BELLE VUE,
MANCHESTER
CompuzerPersons/
NOVEMBERZS-Z7,198Z
Opening Times
Small c business systems 10a m _ 6pm each da y
The brains we're talking about are the printed
circuit, silicon -chip variety and you'll find them
(thinking hard) in the vast range of exhibits at The
Northern Computer Fair. The show covers the fields of
personal computing, home computing, small business systems and
associated software, through computer books to video games, with
a special attraction being the ZX 81 Sinclair Village. So whether
you're a businessman (or woman) who needs to keep up to date
with the latest developments in this fascinating field, a die-hard
computer enthusiast, or simply interested in the subject, you'll find
what you're looking for at the Northern Computer Fair.
Ticket prices at the door are £2.00 for adults and £1.00 for children
under 16, but special party rates are available for 20 people or more
with the organiser admitted free. For more information contact IPC
Exhibitions, Surrey House, 1 Throwley Way, Sutton, Surrey SM1 4QQ.
Tel: 01-643 8040.

92
ELECTRONICS AND Professional quality electronic components, brand new and fully guaranteed. Mail order by
HEMMINGS MICROCOMPUTERS ayr.qA®
return of post. Cash/Cheque/POs or Banker's Draft with order, payable to Hemmings Electron-
ics Ltd.
Official orders from schools, colleges and universities welcome. Trade and export enquiry
16 BRAND ST
Tel: 10462) 33031 welcome.
HITCHIN P.&P. add 60p to all orders under £10. Telephone your Access orders, using our 24-hr.
Shop open Mon. -Sat. 9 a.m.-5.30 p.m. Ansaphone service. Please send SAE for full price list.
HERTS Closed all dey Wednesday
SG5 1JE VAT - All prices exclusive of VAT - Please add 15% to total cost including PAP.
No VAT on export orders or books.
Tri 136 LS366A 4025U 120p LINEAR ICs COMPUTER IG TAN 130678 /0p 11P35A 2N3771 1109 PRINTERS
LS00 11p LS137 4ép LS387A 3Óp 4027 4516 709 36p BC107 80679A 100p se Ì1P358 17Óp 2N3772 EPSON MX80F/T
LS01 le
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14pin
21141.
2114 /Óp BC1078 14 80680AX 869 T1P35C 2143773 280p Type I E320
L502 L5139 Np 73 10p 4029 10p 4518 741 o BC108 BFY50 249 11P36 17Óp 2143819 ióp Type II
LS35368A 2532 360p
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Np
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210p BFY51 24p T1P36A 2/43821 1209 As Type I but including High
2716 711r!ó8 116p 2N3822 120p
LSO4 12lÓ L5151 389 LS375 4033 160p 4520 747 66p '2732 BC109
3709 BFY90 00p Resolution Bit Image Printing
7408
LS153
2e LS154
LS377
16Óp LS378
BOP 4034
4035
130p 4521
4522
1Óp
1109
748
CANNE
3e
70p
.4116
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.pBC109B
500p BC109C
1p
1 BF244A
BSX19
30p
2!p
T1P36C
T1P41
2143823
2N3824
169
top
960 dots/line
Type III
tl30
LS08 Np LS379 669 4038 1g16p 4528 CA3130E 75p 6116 600p BC147 BSX20 20p TIP41A 2143866 94 As Type II but includes Super
LS09 15mp LS158
LS157
36p LS385
301) LS386
280p 4040
46p 4042
60p 4043
Ile
se
4527
)4528
60p 4529
70p LA4422
120p
LF35F
LF35E
296p 502
60p .68800
3130p BC157
210p BC158
464 BC177
Sp
25p
MJ2955
MJE241
MJE251
1169
0gp
sop
T1P41B
TIP41C
T1P42
le
511p
2N3903
2143904
2N3906
1óp
16p
15p
& Subscripts Auto Undenimng
and Italia E
LS101
LS12
ió5ple
LS160A
30p LS390
Itip LS393 469 4044 60p 4530 LF357
=Op :68800
100p 6802 346p BC178 26p MJE340 600 71P42Á se 2143906 le Securicor Carriage
on all Printers fS
LS13 26p LS161A 36p LS395 ellp 4046 66p 4531 36p LM301A 28p .6809 N6p BC179 Np MJE350 Np T1P426 15p 2144123 25p 38W Connector IDC £4.10
LS14 369 LS182A 369 LS398 130p 4049U 24p 4532 90p LM30/ IiOp BC182 10p MJE370 1óp T1P42C 2N4125 26p
LS15 159 LS183A 380 LS399 120p 4050 24p 4534 450p LM303A 96p i6809E 1296p BC182A MJE520 10p T1P47 50p 2N4391 70p OPTO ELECTRONICS
LS20 le LS184 LS490 1209 4051 46p 4536 290p LM311N 18p 16810 120p BC182B MJE2965 Np
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11P48
se
2N4392 70p
20p
LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
LS21 LS185 bp 4062 4538 90p LM324 369 6821
se 100p BC183A 1OpOp MJE3055
MPF/02 469
71P49 2144400
2N4401 24 (LED)
50p 4539 LM339 Ì1P50
1
LS22 16p LS166 84p LS541 4053 516840 8C183C 3mm Red TIL209 lop
LS26 20p
15p LS 169
LS168 LS588 345p 4060 @Op 4541
4543
11Óp LM348
86P LM35a
71p
60p 68840
231 pBC184
lop
MRF4S0
12lOp
TIP110
Ì1P111
2144402
2144403
269
26p 3mm Green LD37C 15p
LS27 LS569 3469 4066 36p 6110p BC184C
LS28 20p LS170
le LS640 4068 le 4544
4547 13
LM380
LM393
959 6844
Np 6845
BC212 MRF475 Slop Ì1P112
Ì1P115
50p 2144410
2144416
46p
14
Panel Clip
5mm Red COY4OL
4p
lop
LS30 LS173 LS641 4069U 7189 BC212A
121169 6mm Green, Yellow 15p
LS32 116p LS174 se LS642 150p 4070 16p 4549 LM39e9 86p 6850 140p BC2128 10p0p MPS3640 3Op T1P116 739 2/44856 1409
Panel Clip 4p
LS175 se LS643 4071 116p 4551 1069 MC1310P 2169 6852 2130p BC213A MPS3646 TIP117 2/44857 80p
5mm Square Red 26p
LS37 LS181 flóp LS644 16Óp 4072 4553 MC1435 Np 6854 SSOp BC213C 10p0p MPSA08 26p Ì1P120 38p 2144918 Shp
Green, Yellow 30p
i
743M 46p LS182 LS645 4073 4554 166p MC1456 1359 6875 4114 C214 MPSA12 Np 71P121 2/44919 120p
Tri -colour V518P
LS38 LS183 19 LS870 Óp 4075
1Ise lelp 4555
4556
469 MC1468
MC3242A
36p 75451
830p 75452
70p C214C
C237A
10p0p MPSA13
MPSA14
20p
20p
TIP122
TIPI 26
2144920
2914921
130p
1069 Red Flashing COX21
70p
LS40 20p LS190 LS796 4076 70p 3Hz at 5V 46p
LS42 Np LS191 44p LS797 210p 4077 >e 4557 280p MC3302 16p 75491 74 C237C 12p MPSA18 2e TIPI26 @ Op 2144922 94
LS47
LS48
50p LS192
LS193
444. LS798
44p
210p 4078
4081
le
le
4558
4559
MC3340P
MC34a1
120p 75492
86p 8T26A
70p C238
C238A
MPSA27
MPSA42
TIP140
ÌP141
2144923
2145190
96p
759
IC SOCKETS
1209 Low Wire Turned
LS49 189 LS194A lip 4560 MC34a3 70p 8128 C238B MPSA56 21113 Ì1P142 10Op 2145191 759
LS51 le
LS195A 40p
4082
4093 4561 100p MC3458 107p 8795 11gp C238C 12
MPS se
Ì1P145 Ise 2145192 769
Np
Profile
8in
Wrap Pin
LS54 LS196 5013
CMOS 40008 4094 lep 4562
8796 90p C239 15p TIP146 2145193 99 30P -
LS65 i5p LS197 569 4099 lep 4566 166p MC34001 ósp 8797 Np C307A MPSA77 ó0p T1P147 17Óp 2145194 fop 14pin 10p 38p 369
LS73A LS221 4000 tip 4160 4568 NE555 lipNp C307C p
16p Np 11P2955 2145195 fop 16 pin 11p 45p 38p
LS74A 2Opp LS240 4569 1709 555CMOS fop 8080A C308 ñPp82 11P3055 2N5400 40p lep -
LS75 LS241
104p
1149
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4001U
112p29. 44116261
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@Op
4572U
4580
le NE556 66p
8T98 200p
4154 C308A 16p T1P29A 36p 71543 2145401
2N5415
40p
18 pin
20 pin lep 60p -
LS76A 30p LS242 M9 4002 129'4163 80p SN76Q3 180p 81558085 A 374 11588A p 1169 22 pin 24p
LS77 LS243 lie 4002U 12p 4174 4581 24Op TA7205A 126p 8212 1389 c3oec 16p ñP29CB 4Op 115151 2145416 fop 24 pin 249 70p 53p
LS78A 329 LS244 Ep 4008 4175 10Op 4582 859 TBA4a00 174 8216 104 C309 2N1613 259 2145457 314 28 in 28p 95p -
LS83A 40p 759 4007 "P
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LS85 LS251 369 4008 4433 820P 4584 50p TBA8m sop 8226 100p 2N1893 2N5459 36p Zero Insertion Force
lep LS253 4011 14p 4443 4585 TCA69) 310p 8229 264 óp
114 TnIP30C Ó9 2N2218Á elp 2N5480 36p Socket 24 pin 550p
LS80 mp LS256 Np 4011U 14p 4447 190p 4597 2969 TCA910 1889 8243 2189 C337 T1P31A 40p 2N2219 259 2145551 40p 40 pin 75O9
LS91
LS92
LS257A
LS258A
369
36p
4012
4012U
le 4493
189 4494
3209 4598
320p 4599 290p
TDA1004 211114 8251A
TL061 40p 8253
294 C338
C477
lóp 11P318
T1P31C
42p 2N2221
46p 2N2221A 30P
2SC495 tbp
2SC1306 95p CONNECTORS
LS93 21p. LS269 4013 759 4495 40102 118409Dp 71062 Np 8255A
420p
270p CY70 le 2N2222
bp 2N2222A
2SC1678 106p "D" TYPE
LS958 LS280 22p 4014 Sop 4499 330p 40103 TL064 sep 8257 CY71 20p Tn3P32A 2SC1969 2S0p (Solder Bucket)
LS107A 31p LS268 4015 FOP
40106 TL071 34 8259A 420p420p CY72 11P326 80p 2N2369A 20p 2SC2028 76p Male Female Hoods
LS109A LS273 5Op 4016 2SP44502U @Op 40160 759 TL072 60p 8279 440p D135 429 2N2904A 25C2078 1069 (Top Entry)
L3112A LS279 17 44 4503 40161 759 TL074 100p MC1408 2%p D136 469 ñP33C eóp 2N2906 VN1OKM 86p 9 way 95p 120p 60p
LS113A LS283 40p 4018 459 4604 40162 759 TL081 26p MC1488 644 D139 40p P33A 2N2906A 25p 40673 96p 15 way 135p 156p 64p
LS114A 269 LS290 4020 509 4506 40163 TL082 46p MC14139 56p 0140 409 n1P338
T 7Óp 2N2906A 26p ZENER 01130E5 25 way 205p 235p 67p
40174 75p 2e
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LS123 36p LS296A 4022 SOp 4510 40193 859 UPC575 149p Z80ACPU 330p ebi66 top n1P34
1 76p 2N3063 Np 400mW (Wire Wrap)
LS125A ap 869 4023 le 4511 44100 826p UPC1157 164p Z80AP10 300p eD189 459 T1P34A 714 2N3054 70p Series
E24
fp 37 way Female 270p
LS132
Zip LS352
LS353
76p 4023U
4024
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44111 4609
UPC2032 2114 Z80ACTC 300p
UPD7002 460p ZSOADART
80170
130538 Sip
Np 2N3055
2N3439
46p
5gp
175ÁC8 UDC Type)
66p, 25 way Male
Tn1P34C8
T1C2060
LS133 30p LS366A 30p 4026 íS914514
3 44115 421p ZN414 100p 760p BD677 10p 11P35 le0p 2N3440 se 725000 le 25 way Female

Ì
ARON
I
ÌÌÌÌ
I I I 1 I I 1 1 1 1 i t I i I t i j I I
I 1 I 1 f
I I L BS -635. 1
BS -601.
BS -310S.
Super Value 35 MHz dual -trace with o,d-off_ Built in component tester plus full 20 MHz 15 MHz dual -trace, lightweight, portable with
facility and adjustable trigger delay dual -trace professional specit cation interval battery and automatic recharging.
I I
I Martroili I
PARK STREET, PRINCES RISBOROUGH, BUCKS. (08444) 4321
35 MHz 20 MHz 15 MHz

1mV-10V div variable 5mV- 20 div variable
V 2mV-10V'div variable
0 02os-0.5s/dw variable O 04us- 0 5s div variable 0 lus -05s/div variable
Delay trig 1us-100ms Compor ent Tester Rechargeable batteries
' 10X trig hold -off A B Ext Une tng Weighs only 5 5 kgs
Alt trigger TV SYNC TV SYNC HF REJ TV SYNC ALTCHOP
.
ADD/INVERT.X - Y Zmod ADD!INVERT X - Y Zmod ADD'INVERT X - Y
8 x 10cm display 6 kV ' 8 x 10cm display 2 kV ' 5 x 6 25cm display 1 5 kV.
£350 + £52 50 V A T ' £250 + £37 50 V A T £300 + £45 00 V A T
_To: MARTRON LTD., Park Street, Princes Risborough, Bucks. Please send me Qty Type
a sie sMa ra, a1a> aa.
Oscilloscopes
Tel. (08444) 4321 I
plus Qty
'
Switched X1 X10 probes at£12(+60pVATI )
enclose cheque/postal order payable to

I
Martron Ltd for £

or' My Access/ Barclaycard No is
43 (Phone your credit No to prompt attention)
I NAME
ADDRESS

CATALOGUE 82, 70p POST FREE INC. 70p REFUND VOUCHER
METE S probes,
acnge°o'riesp.ee° stock; '
lLeaarge,
PANEL MOUNTING
500mÁ; lA either model.
ci.n also
50, too, 500017 1, 5, 10, 50. 1o0 ELECTR0ALUERESI,WTO RS U3, 1R, watt il all each, 1000 value 15p.
2% Mollard metal film 5.1.1 ohms - 300KK S p each, 10 of one value 400.
'
5% wire wound 3W or 7W. most E12 values 1.2 ohms to 8K2 9p each.
FOR SERVICE YOU CAN TRUST 10 for 70p.
°n UN
x IX.%
1 CMOS SUPER SAVERS! 1 POTENTIOMETERS
ROTARY (P20)100 ohms -4047 lin, 220 ohms -2042 log
CARBON uP
or with switch - /7p; Dual gang (JP20) 4507-2M2 lin. or log 980 or
4000 10p 4015 40p 4027 20p 4068 140 with switch £1.50.
MULTIMETERS 4001 top 4016 20p 4028 39p 4070 top SLIDERS 58mm, low cost 10K -1M log only 29p; Std 58mm mono
yg 781/I11 4002 12p 4017 35p 4029 45p 4071 14p 467-1M lin or log 74p, stereo matched [125; Graduated bezels 389.
NEW
NINA
20K1W.--_ AC/DC/R/_
20103/V:O M1 4008
4007
50p
149
4018
4019
45p
25p
4030
4041
161p
44p
4072
4081
14p
14p
PRESET min. 10mm dis. Horizontal or vert. 100 ohms -1M ea. 24p.
Cermet 10mm dia. Horiz. or Vert. 1000-1M ea. 24p. Cermet rectilinear
A C
RESIdB
/ D C / -
^ jAC/13C/R/
dB/Danzig-
tar Test
n
LC1!)71)12 di-
9a0969)
Push button
4008
4009
4010
40p
249
24p
4020
4021
4022
42p
400
35p
4042
4043
4044
40p
40p
40p
4082
4093
4510
14p
20p
460
type 89p; 1000.1M ea. 51.08. PLESSEY MPW moulded carbon 470-
2M2 ea. 59p,
R6ß51Above
n 2 3 i 2 I
26 ranges 4011
i
12p 4Oî3 149 4046 489 4611 48p

130
ranges:
x M e
''Ir ranges:
145 z 96 x
170 s 80 ;How 4012 15p 4024 32p 4049 23p 4516 53p SIEMENS Touch dimmer I.C.
Data 30p or FREE on request with I.C.
52.14.
-
39mm 4013 20p 4025 149 4050 23p 4616 40p
3128 146mm
E1,bN
L]t176R 4014 4025 `°°° 4520 60p
prices are nette SIEMENS LED Bar Driver UAA180 61.05.
SOLDERING IRONS CAPACITORS
Also large stocks of bits, desoldering devices. accessories,etc.
ANTEX C -240V 54.5051; X.25 -240V £5.30N; CSBP EE.45N; XSBP POLYSTYRENE, 5% Tolerance. 160V
SIEMENS NICAD
For PP3
CHARGERS
NC75G 5.4.%N; forA,
AA, or - NC7230 H30N; Power
C
39pF 15p; 47, 56, 68, 82, 100. 120, 150,
5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 27, 33, - Dp
55.55N; ST4 Stand 51.70N. Units M W88 3/4.5/6/7,5/9/12V,G54.N;
F f'ioi 300mÁ out 31.20 .Power
401
ORYX 50 watt temp controlled 513.75N; Stand 54.00N. 180, 220. 270, 330, 390, 470, 560, 680, 820pF; 1n, 1n2, 1n5, 1n8, 2n2,
DC Stabilised /4 /7sV 9 mÁ out 5621.
SOLDER 500orn/16SWG 57.8051; Desoldar braid 1.5m 54p. 2n7, 3n3, 3n9, 4n7 10p; 5n8, 6n8, 8n2, 10n 13p.
CERAMIC Very small. 1.8, 2.2, 2.7, etc. up to 1n Sp each. 1n5, 2n2,
PROFESSIONAL KEYBOARD 3n3,4n7,6nO5p;1On,22n6p.33n,47n7p;100n8p. SWITCHES- W°vechanga
TMIÑ K 4tp
LAYER-TYPE rap
$PECIA tl r
FOR USE POLYESTER,2,
FOR QUANTITY BUYERS 3n3. 8p; 4 6n8, 8n, i On, 12n, 15ns, 8n. 22n,27n, 33n, TOGG PLE82 W 57101, SPOTP/4WS7p;;5200DPDT 87p; 57301 3PDT
1
61.64; 57401 4PDT 62.75; 7211 1P3W 51.40; Centre off S7103 SPOT
39n, 47n 7p; 56n, 68n 7p; 82n, 100n Sp; 120n, 150n, 11p; 183n, 220n,
12p; 270n, 330n, 390n, 470n 15p; 560n, 680n 240; 10mm spacing 1µF 71p; S7203 DPDT 910.
plastic qyuality Black ABS or die- 51.34-
BOXESHigh
cast plaie or stove goy 259; 15mm spacing 2µ2 35p; 22.5mm spacing 19F 400V 56p; 3.39E Push button mfn 8531 make/8533 break 620.8225 DPDT
INAL UNE ERG colour g
100V 69P: In-depth stocks. P
L W D AIM PLAIN STOVE GR Ú6r w SDS2 54p; 4P SDS4 95p SDS6 51.36;t SP SDSO 51.87;
50 50 25 - SOOIP %p 5001 127P
ELECTROLYTIC5 NON -polar (for LS Xovers) 50V peak 2µF 289; 4µF 1OP SOSO 62.10.
IM 60 25 2102 96p 5002P 111P 5002 154p 280; 6, 8, 10, 16µF320; 259F 379; 40, 609E 590; 700µF680. LOW COST D -I -L 4P DNSO4 66p; 8P DNS08 51.
113 63 31 2003 109p 5003P 143p 5003 1840
auidiacuo ORDERS BE
121
152
192 113
66
82
40
50
61
2004 115p
2005 134p
200lì Zñp
5004P
5005E
5006P
162p
2180
314p
5004 2í8p
5005
5006
üy
M1p
POLARISED, SIEMENS OR MULLARD FOR QUALITY
(µF/V) /63, 2.2/63, 4.7/63, 6.8/40, 10/25, 22/10,100 10/40, 22/25, 10/40,
1
47/10 11p; 47/25 12p; 100/10 1 10/63, 22/40, 100/16 1 22/63,

19 OR TELEPHONE
MAIL
ACCEPTEDODERSCANBY
01R0 A/C NO. 38/871/4002

RC
; ;
100/25, 100/4015p; 220/10, 220/161 ; 220/251 220/40 20p; MENTIONWW W HEN ORDERINGOR WRNV
VERO RANGE Dlasuc boxes G RANGE professional Instrument
,
PLEASE MENTION
470/10,470/18, 470/25, 1000/10 19p; 470/ 1000/16 227;D: 1000/25
L D W Cases
26p; 1000/40, 2200/16 44p; 1000/63 7sp; 2200/40, 4700/16 73p. VAT - additional et
15% en M U.K. orders
72 41 25 21024 51p 134 90 44 21089 [71814
FREE POSTAGE and packing on U.K. C.W.O. orders 65.75 inc.
120 50 35 21390 up 224 140 64 21090 51117711
PLUGGABLE SIEMENS single ended VAT. and upwards. Under sod 400 inc. V.A.T.
7\
IM 110 55 21391 1510 382 170 84 21091 E143611
1/63, 2.2/63, 4.7/6310p; 10/63, 22/63 8p; 22/40,47/16 10p; 47/40 12p; D NTS on orders over £23.00 - S%
to give a completely protes- 47/6310p;100/16,100/2510p;100/4010p; 100/83200220/1013p on orders over087,SO-fox
220/1Q í20/2513 470/ó.315p 470/10160. 470/16180; 470/25220;
VEROBOX CASES sionel finish to a much
valued project 470/40 259; 1000/1022p; 1000/16249; 1000/2540p.
Discounts do not apply to 'Net' items (shown by N after the price, or
to orders paid for by credit card)
ABS, light grey top; dark grey bottom + 2 anodised panels
LARGE CANS -SIEMENS
30p.600
L D H TYPE PRICE
205 140 40 21034 £4.52 2200/63 51.77; 4700/40 51.78; 4700/63 52.96; 4700/100 65.54; Headquarters for mail orders and shop
205 140 75 21035 55.62 '°°°°"66'.93; 10000/25122.78; 22°00/16fí20;22000/255'.".
205
180
140
120
110
39
21036
21037
56.54
£4.11
/ TANTALUM ELECTROVALUE LTDEghem, Surrey TWO OH8.
2he SL Jude's Road, Englefield Green,
0.1/35, 0.22/35, 0.47/35, 1/35, 2.2/16 13p; 2.2/35, 4.7/16 18p; 10/6.3
190
180
155
120
120
85
65
90
39
21038
21039
2104
5.4.69
6331
53.31
1 / 18p; 4.7/35, 10/16, 22/8.3,10/2518p; 22 16, 22/25, 33/10, 47/6.3, 100/3 Telephone
D Eghem (STD 0784; London 87`33603; Telex 264475.
Bern Breach (personal onlyl
155 85 80 21041 53.31
I
11 LOW LEAKAGE 17.47n8í.

660 Bornage,Manchester M191NA.
155 85 80 21042 5435 2/16,11p; 1/50476, 47/10, 10/16, Computing
P 9 at:
0.1/50, 0.22/50, 22/10, 4.7/357ded 5047 16, 1
125
125
65
65
30
39
21047
21048
52.99
52.99 22/8,110; 10/35, 22/10, 22/16, 22/35,47/6, 47/10120; 47/16, 100í812p. 700 Surnage Lane, Manchester (061-4374866) or1N
125 65 50 21049 53.37 DELIVERY BY RETURN ALL REMS EX STOCK - '0
by MArfiAA
Unravel the mysteries of rado and electronics with a copy of
Foundations of Wireless and Electronics by M.G. Scroggie.
250,000 enthusiasts and students have already used this
remarkable book to master the elementary principles of
electronics. In fact, many of today's radio and electronic engineers
were weaned on Scroggie.
The book is written clearly and concisely in Mr. Scroggie's
well-known and often humorous style. He assumes no previous
technical knowledge and only uses mathematics
where essential.
Order your copy now
Postage and packing is £1.10 each copy in the
-
UK, £1.30 overseás (surface mail).
Please send me copy/copies of Foundations of Wireless and

Electronics by M.G. Scroggie at £5.25 per copy plus postage and
packing as above. 1
Ienclose my cheque/postal order for £ made payable to
IPC Business Press Ltd. 1
Name
Address 1
Registered Office
1
-
Quadrant House,
Return to: General Sales Manager, IPC Electrical -Electronic Press Ltd.,
----IWO------s J
The Quadrant, Sutton.
Surrey SM2 SAS Quadrant House, The Quadrant, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5AS England.
nil BSI

PUBLIC ADDRESS AND * TRANSFORM RS CONTINUOUS RA . S
12 or 24 -VOLT RANGE
INDUSTRIAL SOUND SYSTEMS Pri
MAINS ISOLATORS
a120:4100-1zoV. Sec aCT-11aVx2.
,Separate 12V wind:ngs Pri 220-240V
' Amps
Se' 112v300mA 24v £ P&P
Ref. VA (Watts) £ P&P 15omA 2.11 90
07*
"FROM THE SPECIALISTS" 149
150
20
60
100
5.32
8.84
10.06
1.50
1.60
1.84
i
'
z41s
71
1 0.5
2
3.19 1.20
1.0 4.25
4.91
1.20
1.60
4 2.0
HERE ARE FOUR SUGGESTIONS FROM OUR EXTENSIVE RANGE 151 200 13.89 2.12 6.5 2.5 6.78 1.50
(send
152 250 16.31 2.64 70 g 3.0 7.89 1.40
Cheque/P.O.), U.K. only. 2.12
i
153 350 20.34 108 4.0 8.98 1.64

154 500 25.02 2.90 72 5.0 9.82 1.80
* Operates from
12v. car battery
155
156
750
1000
36.91
45.89
0A
OA '
116
17
10
12
16
6.0
8.0
10.89
12.97
1.90
2.12
* 9 -10 -watt (RMS)

Amplifier
157
158
1500
2000
60.52
72.43
OA
OA
OA
.115
1B7
20
30
10.0
15.0
17.48
21.69
2.44
2.64
** 1 x 10 -watt Hom
x Microphone
159
161
3000
6000
101.12
203.65 OA
226 60 30.0 44.45 OA
30 VOLT RANGE
* 1
1 x Special Roof -
*115 or 240v sec only State volta required
Pri 0-220-240V. Sec. Volta available 3, 4. 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12,
15,18, 20, 24,30V or 12V-0-12V or 15V-0,15V
* rack
Ideal small fetes,
gymkhanas, etc.
50 VOLT RANGE2x25v
secs. Volts available 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20,
tapped
Ref.
Amps
30v 15v P&P
25, 30, 33,40 or 20V -0-20V or 25V.0 -25V 112 0.5 1 3.19 1.20
Amps 79 1 2 4.32 1.40
Ref. 50v 25v £ P&P 3 2 4 699 1.60
0.5 4.13 140 20 3 A 6 8.10 1.85
* Operates from
12v.
102
103
104
1
2
1
2
4
5.03
8.69
1.40
1.84
21
51
4
5
M
p
8
10
9.87
11.95
1.90
2.00
* 20-25 watts
(RMS) Amplifier
105
106
3
4
6
8
10.38
14.10
1.90
2.12
117
88
6
8
12
16
13.52
18.10
2.02
2.26
** 1 x Microphone
2 x 10 -watt
107
118
119
6
8
10
12
16
20
18.01
24.52
30.23
1.84
2.70
OA
89
90
91
10
12
15
20
24
30
20.88
23.20
26.60
2.24
OA
3.00
Horns 109 12 24 36.18 OA 92 20 40 35.64 4.83
* 1 x Special
Roofrack
TN 1r
SCREENED MINIATURES Pri 240V
Pri 0-120V x 2 Sec Volts P&P
2x30V tapped secs volts available
Ref. mA E
* School fetes, athletic meetings, horse shows

6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 44,
48.60V, or 24V-0-24V or 30V -0-30V
Amps
238
212
13
200
1A,1A
100
3-0-3
0-6, 0-6
9-0-9
3.45
2.59
3.11 90
1.20
.80
Ref. 80v 30e £ P&P 235 330,330 0-9, 0-9 2.41 .90
124 0.5 1 4.70 1.50 207 500,500 0-8-9, 0-8-9 3.38 1.20
126 1 2 7.15 1.50 20E 1A,1A 0-8-9, 0-8-9 4.27 1.40
127 2 A 4 9.20 1.90 236 200,200 0-15, 0-15 2.41 .90
125 3 M 6 13.31 2.02 239 50MA 12-0-12 3.11 90
123 4 p 8 15.15 2.2E 214 300,300 0-20, 0-20 3.39 1.20
40 5 10 19.16 2.24 221 700 (DC) 20-12-0-12-20 4.13 1.20
120 6
S 12 21.86 206 1A,1A 0-15-20, 0-15-20 5.60 1.60
2.64
121 8 16 30.72 OA 203 500,500 0-15-27, 0-15-27 4.63 1.50
***
122 10 20 35.76 OA 204 1A,1A 0-15-27, 0-15-27 7.30 1.60
Pistol Grip 189 12 24 41.22 OA
10 watts (RMS( AUTO TRANSFORMERS
Robust 400/440V ISOLATORS Voltages available 105, 115, 190, 200, 210, 220,
* Range up to
400m. still day VA
400/440 to 200/240V
Ref. f P&P
230, 240. For step up or step down.
Ref. VA (Watts) TAPS £ P&P
60 243 8.11 1.50 113 15 0-10-115-210-240V 2.39 1.20
250 246 16.07 OA 64 80 0-10-115-210-240V 4.84 1.40
350 247 19.88 OA 4 150 0-10-115-200-220-240V 6.48 1.60
500 248 24.77 OA 67 500 0-10-115-200-220-240V 13.30 2.24
1000 250 50.53 OA 84 -000 0-10-115-200-220-240V 22.70 2.80
2000 252 74.79 OA 93 '500 0-10-115-200-220-240V 28.17 OA
3000 253 104.88 OA 95 2000 0-10-115-200-220-240V 42.14 OA
** All in a case 6000 254 207.92 OA 73 3000 0-10-115-200-220-240V 71.64 OA

80 A000 0-10-115-200-220-240V 93.01 OA
Mains 12v. dry
battery operation
CASED AUTOS 57 5000 0-10-115-200-220-240V 108.30 OA
**
240V cable input USA 115V outlets
12 watts (RMS)
CONSTANT VOLTAGE
VA ' Price P&P Ref TRANSFORMERS STABILISER
Weight with 20 £7.21 1.25 56W For clean' mains to lc Tape Chang-
carrying case CA 130 80 £9.35 1.50 64W computers, peripherals.. ing
150 £12.10 1.84 4W
* 14.5kg. (321b.)
C/w Microphone,
floor stand and
£275 250
500
£14.73
£22.14
1.60 69W
2.24 67W
250VA £137.36
500VA £159.43
1kVA £213.12
I+ VAT
400VA, £97.50
+£2 p&p + VAT
1000 £33.74 2.80 84W
tripod stand inc. V.A.T.
* Tone and volume
2000 £60.47
INVERTERS
OA 95W
COTSWOLD TOROIDALS
* controls
Ideal for
conferences,
(Cased) 12V input 240V a.c.,
13 amp socket outlet. 100W
OFF THE SHELF
30VA, 60VA, 100VA, 160VA, 230VA, 330VA, 530VA
continuous (tool rating
schools, political, 150W). £46 p&p £2 + VAT. Send for list
j
halls and 24V input and 250W, 500W, PLEASE ADD 15% VAT AFTER P&P
speakers 1000W available. Overseas post extra
OTHER PRODUCTS
AVO TEST METERS MAINS BATTERY ELIMINATORS
Model £122.10
8 Mk. 5 Latest No wiring, ready to plug into 13A socket. 3, 4.5V,
71 (Handy £49.30 6, 7.5V 9, 12V DC (Ur 300mA £5.10 + £1.20 p&p
73 portable size) £88.90 + VAT 15%
MM5 Minor £43.60
OUR RANGE INCLUDES MAINS AND MAINS/BATTERY AMPLIFIERS; HORN, DA211 LCD Digital £58.50 ANTEX SOLDERING IRONS 15W CCN240 or C £5.'
COLUMN, LINE SOURCE, AND BOX SPEAKERS; CABLE DRUMS; BACKGROUND DA212 LCD Digital £81.90 Safety stand £1.75 25W X25 £5.30
MUSIC MACHINES; MICROPHONES AND STANDS DA116 LCD Digital £131.30 12V 25W car soldering kit £5.30,
Megger 70143 500v £101.50 P&P 50p + VAT
Please send f1 for full catalogue with hints for installations Megger Battery BM7 £71 60
DA117 Autorange LCD
(GOVERNMENT, COMPANIES, SCHOOLS PLEASE WRITE) £157.00 CABLE AND WIRE
Avo Cases and Accessories Instrument wire, coax cable, screened singles
P&P £1.60 + VAT 15% etc.
Precision De -Solder Pumps Spring loaded
ORDER FORM BRIDGE RECTIFIERS muck echon button release for one hand
200v 2A 45p working. Large £5.86 P&P 35p -VAT. Small £5.17
400v 2A 55p P&P 30p - VAT Replacement tips'
enclose Cheque/Postal Ordrer for 100v 25A+ Small
I
£2.10 65p - VAT. Large 86p - VAT.
100v 35A £2.60
200v 4A 65p Telephones: Trimphone £28 + £1.20 p&p + VAT.
My Access Number is (expiry date) 400v 4A 85p Desk phones 746 £11.50 + £1.20 p&p + VAT.
400V 6A £1.40 Wall phones £14.50 + £1.20 p&p + VAT.
NAME 500v 12A £2.85 METAL OXIDE RESISTORS f1/100 + VAT
P&P 20p. VAT 15% Special Offer TR4 5% Electrosil 1100s only). Use irr place
of c.film. 4711 - 7511- 1800 -36011. 3900 - 43011 4700 - -
ADDRESS Sand 20p for catalogue.

510n-540!1-820£1. 1K. 1K2 -1K3- 1K6. 1K8 -2K -2K4 -
Prices correct et 27/8/61 3K -16K. 20K -22K -24K -27K -47K -82K- 100K -110K -
120K - 130K 180K - 220K - 270K 300K. P&P 30p + VAT
.
Barrie Electronics Ltd.

AMDIO LIMITED - TELEPHONE FLEET (02514( 20567
26-28 READING ROAD SOUTH, FLEET, HANTS
3,THE MINORIES,LONDON EC 3N 1BJ
TELEPHONE: 01-488 3316/7/8
NEAREST TUBE STATIONS: ALDGATE & LIVERPOOL ST
WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982 WW - 025 FOR FURTHER DETAILS 95
* COMMUNICATIONS
** MARCONI TEST EQUIPMENT * P. F. RALFE ELECTRONICS
DC POWER SUPPUES *
1. APT .10459/8. Stabilised Regulated supplies. New
TF2002. AM Signal Generators. 10 CHAPEL TEL: 01-723 8753 stock arrival hence LOWER PRICES. Available in
10KHz-72MHz. Also 2002A/S available AM/FM
EL STREET LONDON, NW1
preset output voltages between 6 and 30V DC (state
** MARCONI
10KHz-72MHz.
TF995A. 2-216MHz. AM/FM £200
requirements) ±4V approx. Three sizes available,
5A, 7/A & 10A. Prices £20, £25 & £30 respectively
* MARCONI TF1066B/1. AM/FM Signal Genera- (+f2 p&p & VAT).
* viations up to ±100KHz from 30Hz-15KHz £550
tor. 10-470MHz 0.2uV-200mV output. FM De- 2. Mullard Dual supplies. Pos/Neg 12V @ 1A &
0.4A. Dimensions 9 x4 x 5". £10 ea. (+f 1 p&p).
** MARCONI TF995A/5.modelAM/FM Signal Generator. * 3. Farnell Current limited. 13-17V DC @ 2A. £15. 27-
deviation 995 covering *
1.5-
* Narrow
220mHz `_450
MARCONI TF10608/5. FM Signal Generator
á1111111111111Whealif 32V DC @ 1A. £151+C1 p&pl.
4. Lambda LXS Series supplied 110V AC Input. 5V
@ 14A. £20 (+£2.50 p&p). Various other voltages
* *
.4.
fixed deviations *
covering in three ranges 68-108, 118-185 and available from stock in small quantity.
* 450-470MHz. Modulation
** ofMARCONI
3.5and 10KHz.
TF791D.
AM fixed
FM
FM
30% £225
Deviation meter £185
t* SOLARTRON
DC-50MHz Sweep Delay
CD1740
OSCILLOSCOPES
System. DYNAMCO D7200. Mains/battery
portable. DC-15MHz £250
5. Coutant 5/6V @ 5A. Small size (7x5x3"). £20
(+£1).
6. Variable 0-30V @ 1A. Volt-metered. £30.
Timebase £375 COSSOR CDU150. DC-35MHz
* 'DOLBY' NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS * TRIO CS1577A. 35MHz, new £375 £200
7. Farnell 5V Switching. 60A. £85.
*
Cat. No. 98A. Noise weighting filters for CCIR/ARM
signal-to-noise ratio measurements. As new units.
TEKTRONIX 565. Twin Timebase
c/w two 2A63 Y -Amps (DC-
300KHz. 1mV).
TELEQUIPMENT D63 £150
TEKTRONIX 454. DC-150MHz
* RF SIGNAL GENERATORS
ADVANCE Type E2. 100KHz-100MHz. Internal
£40 each (+£1 p&p). £750 AM & Audio 0/P. 1uV-100mV output. Price
each £50 inc. VAT.
BECKMAN TURNS COUNTER DIALS SPECIAL PURCHASE OF TEKTRONIX TAYLOR Type 68A/M. 100KHz-240MHz. In-
Miniature type (22mm diam.). Counting up 454 PORTABLE OSCILLOSCOPES ternal Modulation. £80 inc. VAT.
to 15 turn "Helipots". Brand new with Tektronix 454 DC-150MHz dual -beam
All of these units are in full working condition
mounting instructions. Only £2.50 each. and carry our usual 90 -Day Warranty. In both
oscilloscopes in stock now. 5mV/cm Y -am- cases please add £2 each for carriage.
plifier (1mV cascaded). 2.4ns risetime.
KAY SONA -GRAPH Calibrated sweep delay. We can offer
Model 7029A Audio frequency spectro-
graph. 5-16000Hz. C/w type 6076C Scale
these units in first-class operational condi-
tion complete with three months' guar-
antee, for a once only price of £750.
*MIW-VOLT MEASUREMENT, ANALOGUE *
Magnifier plug-in unit. In good working con- MARCONI TF2600. Twelve ranges 1mV-300V FSD.
dition MARCONI Component Bridges. Models 1
Wide -band to 10MHz.
MARCONI TF2603. Frequency range 50KHz-1.5GHz.
* AUDIO WATTMETERS
Switchable 1W & 10W FSD. Internal 3.5 & 8 Ohm
* TF1313 and TF2700 in stock.
ADVANCE VM77D Millivoltmeters. 15Hz-4.5MHz. 1mV Full scale -300V
AC £55
High Sensitivity from 300uV.
MARCONI TF2604. Electronic Multi -meter. AC/DC
300mV Full scale to 300V (1kV DC). Resistance
WOELKE ME104C. Wow & Flutter Meter £95
load impedances. Housed in grey enamelled case AVO Type 1 LCR Component Bridge. ranged. AC Frequency range 20Hz-1500MHz.
6x6x3". Large easy to read 3" sq. meter. Scope
output provision. £10 (+C1).
HEATHKIT Model AW-IU. Internal load switchable
WAYNE KERR AF Signal Generator Type S121 £75
AIRMEC Wave Analysers Models 853 and 248A.
CENTRONICS P1 Printer, one only. AND Type 663 Printer.
* BRUEL a KJOER
Model 2006 Heterodyne Voltmeter. AM/FM/Voltage
*
3, 8, 15 & 600 Ohm. Meter scaled 0-50W (+dB measurements to 240MHz.
ROHDE& SCHWARZ SDR Signal Generator. 300MHz-1GHz.
scale). 5 Ranges from 5mW-50W FSD. Mains HEWLETT PACKARD 608C Signal Generator. 10-480MHz AM.
powered. £25 )+£1).
MARCONI TF893A. 1mW-10W Full scale in 5 HELL & HOWELL EHT POWER SUPPLIES
ranges. Impedances 2.5-20K Ohm in 48 steps. CABLE & WIRELESS MICROFICHE VIEWERS
HUNTING HIVOLT. 0-15KV @ 2mA. Volt and
Direct calibration in Watts and dBm. £85 )+f2). Telegraph Signalling Twin DC Type SR5. Screen size 9x5". Re- Current metered. £125.
Power supply units. 240V AC cent small quantity now avail. £55 BRANDENBURG ALPHA -SERIES. Regulated
GPO JACK SOCKET STRIPS. 20 -WAY Type 320 (3 -
input. DC output 80-0-80V. Di- *TexscanTUSCAN SWEEPERS *
Model VS40 Sweep Gen
0-30KV. Volt -metered output. £125.
mensions 8x7x19". Model
pole) £2.50 ea. Type 520 13 -pole with switching erators. 0-300MHz. Internal
contacts) £4 ea. Please include 35p each for No. DD30. Price ea. £12.50.
Markers. Also available Texscan
postage
).plugs for Carriage £1.50. DU -88 X -Y Monitor. * ROTRON INSTRUMENT
above20p ea. (10+ post free). Plus VAT PLEASE NOTE. All the pre -owned equipment shown has been carefully
tested in our workshop and reconditioned where necessary. It is sold in
* COOLING FANS
Supplied in excellent condition, fully
tested.
PHILIPS Model PM6456/01 FM STEREO GENERA- first-class operational condition and most items carry a three months 115V, 4.5x4.5x1.5" £4.50. 230V £5.
: TOR. RF Outout frequency 1MHz Standardised guarantee. For our mail order customers we have a money -back scheme. 115V. 3 x 3 x 1.5" £4 + postage ea. 35p.
Stereo multiplex output signal. As new with Repairs and servicing to all equipment at very reasonable rates. PLEASE
handbook. £195. ADD 15% VAT TO ALL PRICES. *,
CHILTERN ELECTRONICS NOVEMBER ISSUE

HIGH STREET, CHALFONT ST. GILES, BUCKS. - Telephone 02407 71234
VIDEO MONITOR
AND PRINTER BARGAINS TEIBII510
SERVICING VIDEO' CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENTS
Motorola 9 -Inch Monitors
Once again we are able to offer these beautiful little monitors at a fraction of usual
price. Ideal for a micro -composite video input, mains operation, and a wide band-
width that will display a crisp 80 characters per line or more.
FREE Bonus -5 -volt 2 -amp reg. ONLY £34 plus V.A.T.
power supply with every monitor! Carriage £7.50 FOCUS ON PORTABLES
looking at circuit techniques used in B & W small
screen TVs, starting with the i.f. strip and a.g.c.
High Resolution 14 -inch Graphics Displays arrangements.
We have a few of these superb monitors, ideal for microsystem, available for callers
only. Look at these features:
* Wide 14 -inch screen. Attractive case. SERVICING THYRISTOR
** Bandwidth better than 18 Mhz.
Standard 230-v. mains operation. LINE TIMEBASES
* Extra 5-v. 7 -amp. psu, and space inside case for logic or your micro card. Advances in colour c.r.t. scan coil design have
While stocks last Only £50 plus V.A.T. made thyristor LOP stages obsolete: however,
large numbers of sets are still in use, so we've
Professional ASCII Keyboards published a practical guide to fault-finding and
84 -Key Keyboards as used on large mainframes: servicing.
* Inductive/Hall Effect Switches.
** Parallel TTL ASCII out.
Numeric and cursor control keypads. VCR SERVICING
* Full ASCII set -ideal for home system. Full data. Tape path faults and adjustments
Only £30 plus V.A.T. Postage £4
PRINTER BARGAIN
For callers only, we have a few of the famous Decwriters LA35 available. These
beautiful printers are almost new, ex -demo models. Standard RS232 interface,
max print speed 60 ch/sec. Complete with attractive stand. Originally these cost PLUS!
over £1,000 each.
Our price £220 plus V.A.T. Quick checks on PYE Hybrid CTVs
*The Spirit of '51 -for VINTAGE TV enthusiasts.
Our new retail shop is now open six days a week, with thousands of items
available at a fraction of original cost. Monitors, Printers, Power Supplies, Proto-
type Cards, Computer Desks and much more. ON SALE NOW...WELL WORTH A CLOSER LOOK

96
77/07 pIZZ MTUN/44:\MG3
f1MTZ ITAn773737 meren
TYPE 3030
DC-15MHz Triggered and
Bandwidth automatic sweep
5mV/div sensitivity Triggering to 20MHz
3030 and 3131 just two
-
200ns 200ms/div Fully regulated high models in the range, reflect the
sweep speeds and low voltage
supplies Crotech philosophy of building -
Rectangular CRT
200mV Calibration in extra performance. Both
Compact and
lightweight signal scopes offer the full specification
you expect and demand. But
BUILT-IN
COMPONENT TESTER i1S0* now the extra: both feature a
Component Tester which dis-
plays the characteristics of active
TYPE 3131 and passive components either in
DC-15MHz 200ns/div to 0.2s/div or out of circuit. This benefit
Bandwidth timebase extends both instruments bey-
5mV/div sensitivity 5" CRT ond the limits of a normal
j
on both channels Triggering to 35MHz scope. The price?, well that
Algebraic addition Z Modulation speaks for itself.
and subtraction
10 x 8 div display For details telephone Reading
`_
`* X-Y Operation
TV Frame trigger
(0734) 866945 and ask for our
BUILT-IN full catalogue.
COMPONENT TESTER i240* *U.K. LIST EXC VAT
Crotech instruments Limited 5 Nimrod Way, Elgar Road, Reading, Berks. RG2 OEB.
19" Rack Mounting Cabinet - Or Free Standing

£2-3:-'95-
FIRST IN THE WORLD
f19.50 The ICM-12, synthesized, marine
hand -portable radio
OFFER FEATURES:
12 channels -6 arid 16 fitted as standard.
ENDS No waiting for crystals, can be diode pro-
.-- ä. SOON grammed between 156-164MHz.
Automatic semi -duplex for private and
Front Panel 480x150 mm. Rear Case 425x250x140 mm link calls.
*Top bottom and rear cover removable for access * *
Plates have heavy duty grey paint finish Front
panel is heavy gauge - 3mm aluminium
included * * * Strong, screwed, construction throughout - screws
Heavy gauge chassis mounting plate is pre -drilled and has four mounting positions to
Slide -on nicad pack recharges from mains
choose from Front panel is of brushed aluminium finish enhanced with haeavily chromed handles * or 12V.
Lots of options, speaker mics, alternative
Many sold to TANGERINE' users and INDUSTRY battery packs, 12V leads, and desk charg-
ers.
ADD VAT AT STD. RATE & ORDERS UNDER £5. P&P 50p ABOVE ITEMS £1 P&P
Complete with nicad battery pack, mains
Ask for our FREE Catalogue SLIDE charger, belt clip, earphone, rubber
SWITCHES
1P2T 10pit antenna.
Home Office type approved. RTD HP 105.
}
'metal 2P2Tpcb 12p PRICE £199.13 + VAT. Free carriage.
etil
cabinets' 2P2T 12p
20pCt
Ob. Trade enquiries very welcome - Ask for Phil
,
2P3T Hadler
a £1.70 1P4Tpcb 26p <r./Q We can also supply
1
b £2.55 4P2T pcb 28p the ICOM IC100E and
c £3.04 4P3T pcb 35p IC410A VHF & UHF.
d £4.08 6P3T pcb 42p PMR Base and Mobile
4P4T pcb 45p transceivers. Fully ap-
proved, very compact,
Bridge WO -005 16p built-in CTCSS and at
very competitive
These are beautifully manufactured cabinets with an aluminium a - 102(d) x 56(h) x 83IwImm
prices.
base and 18 gauge steel covers. They come fitted with rubber b - 150(d) x 61(h) x 103IwImm
feet Ito please the wife), louvred for ventilation and finished in c -
d-
150(d) x 76(h) x 134(w)mm
Also the first synthesized hand portable -
=
an attractive two tone finish. They make excellent cabinets for
power supplies, remote control units and many more projects.
184Id) x 7O(h) x 160(w)mm
ICH2. Two channels, high band, Simplex or
Á 411. Ei DIO
1 N4DES148
1N4001
- 2p
- 3p 1
003
1N41N4003
N4004
-- 3p
- 5p
4p
AD
Duplex. Dealers, forget your crystal problems)
Dealer outlets
Stockley.
required, ask for Dave
REAÁ QU,P Moat Lodge, Stock Chase

M
MALDON, Essex, UK
PRO AE Thanet Electronics
Herne Bay, Kent
CND ICOM
'SEIKO' 143 Reculver Road,
PRODUCTS Tel: 0621 57242 10am-8pm Mon. -Sat. Sow Iron
12.95
Tel: 02273 63859. Telex 965179

ambims® INTERNATIONAL t
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF COMPONENTS, KITS
AND MODULES IN THE WORLD & THERE'S ONLY ROOM FOR A
FRACTION HERE, GET THE CATALOGUE AND FIND THE REST.
CMOS-TTL :
4001 0.11 4515 1 25 74L51Ü 012 7455138 0.30
4007 0.13 4516 0.60 745511 0.12 74L5139 0.30
4009UB 0.25 4518 0.35 74L512 012 7455145 1.20
4010 0.30 4520 0.60 74LS13 0.20 7455151 0.30
4011 0.11 4521 1.30 745514 0.30 7455153 0 27
BEE 4012 0.14 4522 0.89 74L520 0.12 7455154 099
4013 0.25 4526 060 74L521 0.12 7450155 0.35
4016 0.22 4527 0.80 74LS22 0.12 7455156 0.37
4017 0.40 4528 0.65 74LS26 0.14 7455157 0.30
4019 0.38 4529 0.70 74L527 012 74L5158 0.30
4020 0.55 4531 0.65 741528 0.15 '4LS160 0 37
4021 0.55 4532 0.80 74LS30 0.12 74L5161 J.37
4022 0.55 4534 4.00 74LS32 0.12 7455162 0.37
4023 0.15 4536 2.50 74LS33 0.15 7455163 0.37
4024 0.33 4538 0.85 74L538 0.14 7455164 0.40
4025 0.15 4539 080 74LS40 0.13 7450165 0.60
4027 74LS42
o 0.26 4543 0.80 0.30 7450168 0.70
Visual monitoring of anything,

4030 0.35 4549 3.50 74L547 0.35 7455169 0.85
4043 0.50 4553 2.70 745548 0.45 7455170 0.90
4044 0.60 4554 74LS49 7455173 060
M 1.20 0.55
4046
anywhere, by phone, in seconds,
0.60 4555 0.35 74LS51 0.13 7455174 040
Nt
4049UB 0.24 4556 0.40 74LS54 0.14 7455175 040
4050 0.24 4557 2.30 74LS55 0.14 7455181 1 05
4051
4060
4066
0.55
0.75
0.30
4558
4559
4560
0.80
3.50
2.50
74L573
74LS74
745575
745076
0.21
0.16
0.22
7455190
7455191
7450192
060
0.60
0.45
with Robot Phoneline TV.
4068
Cn
O 4069UB
0.16
0.14
4561
4562
1
2.50
00
74L578
0.20
0.19
74L5193
7455194
0.42
0.35
Robot's Phoneline TV systems provide a low-cost, efficient solution to
4070 0.16 4566 1.20 745083 0.40 7455195 0.35 the problem of visually monitoring remote installations, meters, gauges,
traffic, weather. water levels, or any subject, large or small] The
L4 4071 0.16 4568 1 45 745085 0.60 74LS196 0.55
4i 4072 0.16 4569 1.70 745586 0.14 7455221 0.50
4073 0.16 4581 0.18 74L590 0.28 7455240 0.80 Phoneline TV equipment works well with standard CCTV equipment and
4075
4076
0.16 4572UB 0.22 745092
745093
0.31 7455241
7450242
0.80 converts the broadband video signal from the camera to narrow band
it) 4077
0.55 4580 3.25
74L595
0.31
74L5243
0.70
audio tones for transmission via the dial telephone network or voice
rl 0.18 4581 1.40 0.40 0.70
4078 0.18 4582 0.70 745696 1.20 7455244 0.60 grade radio, then to a video signal again for display on a monitor at the
N 4081 0.12 4583 0.80 7455107 0.25 7455245 080 receiving end. The entire process takes as little as 4 seconds and costs
W 4093 0.30 4584 0.27 7455109 0.20 7450257 0.40
4175 0.80 4585 0.45 74LS112 0.20 7450258 0.37 only the amount of the phone call. Since one or more cameras can be
7455113
R
4502
4503
0.60
0.50
40174
40195
1.05
1.08 7455114
0.20
0.19
7455260
7456266
0.50
0.22
fed to one or more monitoring stations for viewing sequentially or
O 4506 0.70 745000 0.10 7455122 0.35 74LS273 0.70 simultaneously, and since the system can be fully automated, there is an
N 4507 0.37 74LSO1 0.10 7455124 1.80 7450279 0.35 almost infinite number of PLTV system configurations possible.
4508 1.50 74LS02 0.11 74LS123 0.35 7455365 0.32
4510 0.55 74LS03 0,11 7455125 0.24 7455366 0.34 Permanent storage is available by recording the transmissions on a
cassette tapes. D For fast, uncomplicated, inexpensive visual monitor-
it)
M 4511 0.45 74LS04 0.12 7455126 0.24 7455367 0.32
ing of any subject anyplace, Robot Phoneline TV is the answer. D Write
4512 0.55 .4LSO5 0.13 7455132 0.42 7455368 0.35
ei 4514 1.25 74LS08 0.12 7455133 0.24 7455373 0 70
or call for more information
U Memory Micros Linears: and descriptive literature.
ä
O
LM10CN
L149
U237B
3.88
1.86
1.28
SL1611
SL1612
SL1613
1.60
1.60
2.06
684433
KB4413
6134436
1.52
1.95
2.53
U265
U266
LC7137
3.16
2.43
7.50
Robot (UK) Ltd., Building 33
East Midlands Airport
[ROBOT]
a U247B
U2578
1.28
1.28
SL1620
SL1621
2.17
2.17
KB4437
684445
1.75
1.29
1CM72168
ICM7216C
19.50
19.95 Castle Donington, Derby DE7 2SA ROBOT RESEARCH INC
¢ U2678 1.28 SL1623 2.44 KB4446 2.75 1CM7217A 9.50 Tel: (0332) 812446. Telex: 37522
LM324 0.45 SL1625 2.17 NE5044 2.26 SP8647 6.00 World Leaders in Mons Uns T.isrtaion and image Processing Systems
in LM339N 0.66 SL1630 1.62 MC5229 9.60 95H90 7.80
LF347
LM348
1.60
0.90
SL1640
SL1641
1.89
1.89
SL6270
SL6310
2.03
2.03
HD10551
HA12009
2.45
6.00
44
G3 LF351 0.49 TDA2002 1.25 SL6440 3.38 HD4401 5 4.45
LF353
LM380N
ZN419CE
0.76
1.00
1.98
ULN2242
ULN2283
CA3089
3.05
1.00
1.84
SL6600
SA56610
SL6640
3.75
1.48
2.75
HD44752
2804
8.00
MC145151P 6.00
3.75
ERASERS FOR
THE DEVELOPMENT LAB
QI CA3130E SL6690 3.20 2804 P10
M
ZN427E'8
NE544
6.28
1.80 CA31307
0.80
0.90 SL6700 2.35 280A CTC
3.50
4.00 UV1T
Ci NE555N 0.20 CA3140E 0.46 SAS6710 1.48 Z80A DMA 9.95 Powerful, compact unit to
SL560C 1.98 CA3189E 2.20 LS7225 3.65 2804 DART 7.50 erase up to six EPROMs
IP
NE564 4.29 CA3240E 1.27 ICM7555 0.94 280A 510/1 11.00
Ar
NE567 1.30 MC3357 2.85 ICL8038CC 4.50 2804 510/2 11.00 quickly and safely. 10 -60 -min-
Er u4741CN 0.20 ULN3859 2.95 TK10170 1.87 2804 61019 9.95 ute electronic timer.
K 154820M 0.78 LM3900 0.60 TK10321 2.75 Z8001 65.00
£59.13 + V.A.T.
M ZNA1034 2.10 LM3909N 0.68 HA11223 2.15 8255 2.58
3o LM1035
TDA1062
4,50
1.95
LM3914N
K84412
2.80
1.95
HA11225
HA12002
1.45
1.22
6800P
6809
2.90
8.75 UV1B
TDA1083 1.95 K84417 1.80 HA12402 1.95 6802 3.50 As above but without timer.
TDA1090 3.05 K844208 1.09 HA12411 1.20 68400P 4.25
M HA1197 1.00 KB4423 2.30 HA12412 1.55 68B00P 4.65 £46.95 + V.A.T.
MC1350 1.20 KB4424 1.65 LF13741 0.33 2114-L2 1.49
Ei 441370 1.90 684430 2.30 MK50375 3.85 4116-2 1.59 Carriage paid (U.K.)
N41388 2.75 684431 1.95 MM53200 3.90 2732 4.00
SL1610 1.60 KB4432 1.95 U264 2.27 2716 3.00 Send cheque or official order
IN USE IN DESIGN for prompt delivery.
O4
M AND THERE'S PLENTY MORE IN THE CATALOGUE 70p inc.
W LABS & EDUCATIONAL Also available in London from:
X Coils, Filters: Toko, Murata, NTK, Cathodeon. ESTABLISHMENTS Technomatic Ltd
AROUND THE WORLD Henrys Radio
M Ambit International
SFE6.0MA 0.80 CDA10.7MA 0.70 10M15D 14.50
f1 CFSE10.7 0.80 SFE27MA 0.94 LFB4 1.95 NORTHERN_ ELECTRONICS .11.11.1111.0
PG SFE10.7MA 0.45 SAF10.7MC-Z 3.75 LFB6/CFU455H 1.95
Arundel Street, Mossley, Lancashire
CFSB10.7 0.50 MF45510AZ12118.55 LFB8 1.95
51 Tel: Mossley (04575) 4119
SFE10.7MJ 0.50 MFL45501L 11.95 LFB10 1.95 WW - 082 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
SFA10.7MF 0.75 10M15A 1.99 LFB12/CFU455F 1.95
SFE10.7ML 0.70 21M15A 3.45 LFH6S/
SFE10.7MX 0.95 45M15A 5.95 CFW455HT 2.45
CFSH10.7M1 0.50 10M22D 17.20 LFH8S 2.45
CFSH10.7M2 0.50 10M8D 15.50 LFH1 2S1
CFSH10.7M3 0.50 CFW455FT
TOKO FIXED VALUE CHOKES (E12 Values)
2.45
ScheTronics Limited
7BA to 1000uH 16p 1ORB - to 120mH 33p
8RB
-
-
1
1 to 33mH 19p lOR6 .15 to 1.5H -

1
43p For repair and calibration of test equipment.

We also have selected pieces of second user LF/HF equipment
RETAIL SHOP OPENING HOURS NOW IN STOCK
for sale, including:
Monday to Thursday 8.30-6.30 MF10 -
National's new Dual Hewlett Packard Vector Voltmeter 8405A £1,950
Switched Capac,tor Filter. STC Sweep Set Audio/Broadcast plus recorder £300
Friday 8.30-8.30 Saturday 9.00-5.30 Price E5.05
.
STC Psophometer CCIT Telephone Filter £210

(Access + Barclaycard orders accepted) W & G EPM1 Z=75 Ohms £825
ALL PRICES SHOWN EXCLUDE VAT. P&P 50p per order. Anritsu Attenuator MN54A £425
Siemens Level Osc. 3W 231/233/234 £600
AMBIT INTERNATIONAL DEPT. WW Siemens Pegamet spares various
200 north Seruice Rood, Brentwood, Essex Unit 10, Dunstall Estate
TELEPHONE ISTD 0271) 230909 TELEX 995194 AMBIT G POSTCODE CM144SG Crabtree Manorway
Belvedere, Kent DA17 6AW
Telephone: 01-311 9657
WW -072 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

VARIABLE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS EPROM ERASURE KIT
Why waste money? Build your own EPROM ERASURE for a frac-
Superior Quality Precision Made INPUT 230/240V s.c. 50/60 OUTPUT 0-260V tioi of the price of a made-up unit. Complete kit of parts less case,
200W amp Iro, se. voltmeter £16.00 to nclude 1:" 8 watt 2537 Angst Tube. Ballast unit, pair of bi -pin
,.,10),
1
NEW POWER RHEOSTATS _ - 0.5 KVA (2V2 amp MAXI

1 KVA (5 amp MAX)
£19.00
125.00
leads. Neon indicator, safety microswitch, on/off switch and cir-
cuit.
New ceramic construction, heavy duty brush as- 2 KVA (10 amp MAXI £41.00 LE 3S CASE. Price: £13.60+75p P&P. (Total inc( VAT £16.50).
sembly, continuously rated. 3 KVA (15 amp MAXI 149.00 Warning: Tube used in this circuit is highly dangerous to the eyes.
5 KVA (25 amp MAXI 179.00 Ur it MUST to fitted in suitable case.
25 WATT 10/2550 100/150/250/50C /1 Kf) 1.5kf) 10 KVA (50 an p MAX) £174.00 REVERSIBLE MOTOR. 42 RPM 110V A.C. 1001b In. Will operate on
13.10 + 30p P&P. 1E3.91 inc. VAT). 15 KVA (75 arr p MAX) £270.00 23,1V A.C. Sneed remains at 42 rpm but torque reduces by 50%.
50 WATT 2501) £5.50 + 50p P&P. (fe.90 inc. VAT). 3 -PHASE VARIABLE VOLTAGE Pr ce £15.50 + E2.50 P&P (Total incl. VAT £21.66).
100 WATT 1/5/10/25/50/100/250/300/500/1kf1/1.5kf1/2.5kí)/ 5 rpm or 15 rpm s/pole non -reversible Motor. Either type £5.50
5k11/3.5k1) E7.25 + 75p P&P. 1E9.20 inc. VAT).
TRANSFORMERS each i 50p P&P. (Total incl. VAT E2.98). N.M.S.
Dual input 20C -240V or 380-415V. Star connected
Black Sliver Skirted Knob calibrated in Nos. 1-9. 11/2in die. brass 3 KVA 5 amp oar phase max £108.00 BFAND_ NEW CASSETTE TYPE MOTORS. Three types. 6V. 7.1/2V.
bush. Ideal for above Rheostats 24p se. +VAT. 6 KVA 10 amp per phase max £162.00 Carriage, packing 12v. Price, any three, for f2 + 50p. P&P (incl. VAT £2.88) N.M.S.
10 KVA 16 am r per phase max £329.00 & VAT extra 383 rpm GEARED MOTOR. Torque 35 lb. in. reversible 115V AC
SOLID STATE E.H.T. UNIT LT TRANSFORMERS
inc. start capacitor. Price: £10.50 + E2.00 P&P (total incl. VAT
Input 230V A.C. Fully isolated. Aprcx. 15KV. Built-in 10 sec. Timer. £14.38). Suitable Transformer 230V AC operation. Price £9.50 +
Easily modified for 20 sec. 30 sec. to continuous operation. Size 13.0 13V at 1 amp £2.80 P&P 75p 1E4.06 inc VAT).
50a P&P (total inc. VAT £8.05). N.M.S.
155x85x50mm. Price E5 + 75p P&P. (Total inc. VAT £6.61). 0.15V at 24 amp, 0-30V at 12 amp £20.40 P&P E2.3 (E28.11 inc VAT
N.E.C. Geared Motor. 152 rpm, 2001b.in. 230V
& PI.
0.6V/12V at 2C amp £76.20 P&P £2.00 (inc VAT £20.93).
COMPRESSOR
AC 50Hz. Ratio 9.2 to 1. Non -reverse. Incl. 0.12V at 20 amp or 0.24V at 10 amp £14.90 P&P 12.00 1E19.43 inc Thomas single diaphragm. Max. 20 psi. 11/s" cfm., ap-
capacitors. Fraction of maker's price. Price: VAT & P). prox. 110V A.C., £16 + £2 P&P (total inc(. VAT £20.70),
£37.50 + E4 p&p. (total incl. VAT 147.73). 0.6V/12V at amp £9.10 P&P E2.00 Zinc VAT £12.76).
1C OR, to include Transformer for 230/240V A.C. £26.45
EM.S. 0.6V/12V/17V,18V/20V at 20 amp 120.90 P&P £2.00 inc VAT incl. VAT.
240V A.C. SOLENOID VALVE & PI
Designed for Air/Gas at 0-7. Water 0-5 psi. Inlet/outlet 49". Forged
0.10V/17V/184 at 10 amp £11.55 P&P £2.00 inc P&P 1E15.58 inc
VAT).
BLOWER/VACUUM PUMP
brass body. Manuf. Dewraswitch Asco. 3 phase A C. motor 220/250V or 380/440V. 1,425 rpm, Vs
Price. £5.50 r 75p P&P. (E7.10 inc VAT). n. m.s.
.
INDUSTRIAL STROBE. Suitable for both e h.p. cont. Direct coupled to William Allday Alcosa car-
METERS (New) -
AC Amp. Type 62T2: 0, 1A,
90mm DIAMETER
0-5A, C -10A.
industriel and educational purposes. Kit. bon vane blower/vacuum pump. 0.9 cfm 8hg. £22 + £4
P&P (total incl. VAT £29.90).
Ac volt 0-150V, 0.300V. when assembled produces a variable
OC Amp. Type 65050-5A, 0-10A, 0-50A, 0-100A. DC Volt. 15V;
speed 1 to approx. 70 flash per second. HY-LYGHT STROBE KIT Mk IV
30V. All types E3.80 es + P&P 75p 1E5.00 inc. VAT) except 0-50À Approx. 4 joules. Adjustable speed. Price 127 + E2 P&P. (Total inc.
DC,0-100A DC. Price 06.00 plus 75p P&P (18.81 inc. VAT). Light output approx. 0.5 joules. Price, a' 133.38).:ase and reflector price E11 + E2 P&P (Total inc. VAT
Exapr
less case, £27 + £2 P&P (total incl. VAT £14.96). Foolscap s.a.e. for further details inc. Super Hi-Lyght
£33.36). Suitable case £11 + £2 P&P INSULATION TESTERS NEW

ULTRA VIOLET BLACK LIGHT 500 VOLTS 500 megohms £49.00 P&P E2.00
FLUORESCENT TUBES (total incl. VAT £14.95). 1E68.88 inc. VAT & P) 1000 VOLTS 100011 065.00
Oft 40 watt £8.70 inc. VAT £10.001 callers only). P&P £2.00 (-405.55 inc. VAT & PI. SAE for lade.
tri 20 watts [820. Post £7.25 (£8.57 inc. VAT& P).
(For use in standard bi pin fittings).
12in 8 watt E3 + P&P 45p 1E3.97 nc. VAT).
FROM STOCK AT PRICES TIME SWITCH VENNER TYPE ERD
Time switch 200-250V a.c. 30 amp contact 2 on/2 off
Bin 8 watt £2.50 + P&P 45p (f3.39 inc. VAT).
Mn 4 watt £2.50 + P&P 45p (f3.38 inc. VAT).
THAT DEFY COMPETITION! eery 24 hrs. at any manually pre-set time 36 hour
spread reserve and day omitting device. Boit to
Complete ballast und for either 6V, 9V or 12V tube 230V AC op AC GEARED MOTORS C.F. BLOWERS highest Electricity Board Specification. Price £11.50
£5.50 Post 55p (f8.88 inc. VAT & Pl. Also available for 12V DC £5.60 P&P 0.50.1E14.95 inc. VAT). R&T.
Post 55p (£6.96 inc. VAT & Pl. DC MOTORS AC CAPACITORS
SANGAMO WESTON TIME SWITCH
BLACK LIGHT BULBS MICROSWITCHES STROBE KITS T1pe 8251 200/250 AC 2 on/2 off every 24 hou n. 20 amps contacts
Self -ballasted Mercury U.V. 175W Bulbs. Available for either B.C. RELAYS FLASHTUBES wah override switch. Diameter 4' x 3 priced/AO P&P E7 If12.0$
or E.S. fitting Price incl. p&p & VAT 111.50. inc. VAT). A so available with solar die. R&T.
Black Light U.V. Tubes from bin to 4ft from stock. Foolscap s.a.e. REED SWITCHES CONTACTORS Also available Sangemo Weston 60 amp and AEG 80 amp. Phone
for details. fo details
400W UV LAMP AND BALLAST complete £30.00 Post £3.501E47.73
SOLENOIDS SYNCHRONOUS -
Type 5288 1 on, or 1 timed c/o every 24 hours, day omitting device.
inc. VAT & P). 400W UV LAMP only £14.00. Post £2.00(f18.40 inc. PROGRAMME TIMERS MOTORS Price 111 + _1 P&P. (f13.00 incl. VAT). N.M.S.
VAT & PI. Type 5388. As above, plus 38 hours spring reserve. Less perspex
Phone in your enquiries cover. Price £13 + E1 P&P (£18.10 incl. VAT). N.M.S.
Stockists for Finnigans Hammerite Paint and Waxoyl N.M.S. - New Manufacturers' Surplus.
products. RAT - Recondltlon.d and Tested.
Ample parking space

'SERVICE TRADING CO Personal callers only. Open Saturdays
9 Little Newport Street
Showroom open 57 BRIDGMAN ROAD, CHISWICK, LONDON W4 5BB, 01-995 1560 London WC2H 7JJ
Monday-Friday ACCOUNT CUSTOMERS MIN. ORDER £10. Tel: 01-437 0576
MARKETING Ltd.
D&R Electronica was founded over 10
7/7-33 N years ago with the aim of developing and
manufacturing high quality mixing
consoles for the studio and entertainment
SERIES 600/12 industry with a special emphasis on value
CONSOLE for rroney design engineering. The result
SERIES
-R600 is a range of five basic models with a
large number of channel configurations
and options. All models are highly flexible
in use and give the best quality possible
at todays state of technology.
The D&R SERIES 600 SERIES 200 -Asmall mixer specially
range of professional designed for four track reco -ding.
mixing consoles has found SERIES 600 -Arange of mixers for live
its way into hundreds of amplification, broadcast stt.dios and two
track recording.
(hospital) broadcast studios, SERIES 400 -'In-Line' mixing consoles for
discotheques, clubs, entertain- budget 4, 8 or 16 track recording.
ment and outdoor Public Address SERIES 1000 -A
range of comprehensive
systems and recording studios. 'In -Line' consoles for profess onal
recording studios.
Available in 6, 12, 18 or 24 channel SERIES 8000 -
Top of the range 'In -Line'
configuration with, as standard, separate consoles with integral patch boy for top
balanced mic. and line inputs, insertion points, recording studios. A large number of
gain, three band tone controls, two auxiliar lines, ano Iliary signal processing units
corrplement the D&R programme.
pan -pot and linear fader, plus pre -fade -listening and overload LED
per channel. The output section includes four master faders, echo Please complete this coupon for futher
details: -
return and phones controls and two large V.U. meters. C D&R Series 200 L. D&R Serles 600
Optional XLR-3 connectors, 48 volt phantom powering, stereo -11 D&R Series 400
F D&R Series 1000
1
channels with R.I.A.A. correction, talkback, fader controlled start I D&R Serles 8000 E D&R Ancllliary
switches, balanced outputs and 24 volt D.C. mains powering are Equipment
loudspeaker components
BULLET
available. I
EVITAVOX loudspeaker equipment

HELIOS mirror balls
NAME
ADCRESS
D.S.N. MARKETING LTD, Westmorland Road, London NW99RJ
`Telephone: 01-204 7246. Telex: 895 4243. VISA
Trade, Wholesale, O.E.M. & Export enquiries welcome. WW/11/82/
01-4521500 TFcHmmATI(: LTD 01-450 6597
B BO Micro Computer All mating Connectors with Cables in
stock.
Now available from stock Full range of ACORNSOFT, PROGRAM
POWER & BUGBYTE SOFTWARE
BBC Model B £399 AVAILABLE
(incl. VAT) Phone or send for our BBC leaflet
(Carr £8/unit) BBC FLOPPY DISC DRIVES
Model A to Model B Single Drive 51/4" SSSD £P.0.A. y
upgrade kit £60 Double Drive 51/4" SSSD £360+£8 carr. r
Fitting charge £20. Double Drive 51/4" DSDB£799+£8 carr.
MEMORY UPGRADE ANALOGUE PORT KIT PRINTER & USER PORT

8 X 4816 AP -3 100nS IC 73, SK6 £7.30 KIT
£21.60 RS423 & VDU Port Kit IC 69, 70, 71 PL9, 10 £9.50
F.D. INTERFACE KIT £10.80 Bus & Tube Port Kit £6.50
I C 77-78 £70
OFFICIAL 008 DEALER
CASSETTE RECORDER
Sanyo Computer Grade Recorder
MONITORS
BMC BM1401 14" Colour Monitor
ACORN ATOM
8K x 2K Built £135 12K + 12K
I
£24.50 + £1.50 Carr Expanded £175
Cassette Leads £3.50 RGB Input 18 MHz Bandwidth 8K + 5K + Colour Card £170
Computer Cassette £0.50 ea. 400 dots at Centre 25 x 40 Char.
(Carr £3/unit)
£4.50 for 10 £240 + £8 Carr Atom Disc Pack £299 + £6 Carr
BMC 12" Green Monitor 3A 5v Regulated £26 + £2 Carr
Composite Input Atom PSU £7 + 70p Carr
18MHz Bandwidth Full Range of Atomsoft in stock.
£99 + £6 Carr Phone/send for our ATOM LIST
PRINTERS EPSOM MX 80 and

SEIKOSHA GP 100A 100F/T3
NEC PC 8023 BE
100CPS, 80 cols
-C 80 cols 30 CPS
Single Double
MX 80 80CPS 80 cols
MX 100 100CPS
and Width
Logic Seeking, Bi- Char. 136 cols
directional, Full Graphics, 10" wide Logic Seeking, Bi-
Forward and Reverse paper directional,
Line Feed, Tractor Feed Standard Bit Image Printing,
Proportional Spacing, Friction Optional x 9 Matrix
9
Auto Underline, Now only £185+£6 carr. Auto Underline
Hi -Res and Block MX 80 F/T3 £330
Graphics, Greek Char. Parallel Printer lead for BBC/Atom £13.50 MX 100 F/T3 £430
Set. Variety of interfaces, ribbons in stock. 1£8 Carr/Printer)
Only £340 + Carr 2,000 fan fold sheets 91/2" x 11" £14 + £3 p&p
MICRODOCTOR £295 CONNECTOR SYSTEMS RIBBON

ID CONNECTORS J'MPER LEADS DIL HEADER CABLE
This is not a logic ana- IGreyl
lyser or an oscilloscope.
(Speedblock type)
No of Header Recap-
24" Ro,bon Cable with Headers
14pin 16pin24pin 40pin PLUGS 10 way p
It tests a microsystem Plug ra Edge
Conn.
1
2
end
ends
145p 165p 240p
214 230p app 544
310p Solder
Type
IDC
Type
14 way
16 way ley
and gives a printed re- 10
20
113p
145p 125p 244 24" Ribbon Cable with Sockets 14pin 5Óp11011
20 way
26 way 110p
16pin
print on RAM, ROM and 304 29pin 26pin 34pin 40pin 110pp
I/O -
it will print memory
map, search for code,
26
34
49
50
175p
204
120p
236p
150p
1pp
110p
200p
3110
554
-p
1 end
2 ends
164 214 274 3000
N4 SIN pep 544
24" Ribbon Cable with D Conn.
24pin
40pin p 154 34 way
40 way
50 way
64 way
2200
379
25 -way Male ip4. Female 550p
check dataline shorts and
operates peripherals and
even disassembles the D CONNECTORS EURO EDGE
No of ways
ROM. 9 15 25 37 CONNECTORS CONNECTORS
Microdoctor complete Solder
MALE
DIN SID
(Indirect Edge Connl
Plug Slot 2x10 way
0.1" 0.156"
144
with psu, printer probe Angled INN MN 215,
41617 21 way 174 174 1 x22 way 17 4
114
cable and two configura-
tion board Sólder
Angled
FEMALE
114 114 214 354
244 314 563p
4161731 way
41612 2x 32 way
Angled 2x32 way
110p
254
lap
324
3750
2023 way
2x25 way
I x43 way NOp
T
Hood
175p
14 re SP 1259 41612 3x 32 way 275p 3160 2 e 43 way 3>Ri
-
Angled 3x32 way - 4114 2050 way
104
MICROTIMER 36-way Centronru Type Conn.
25 -way IEEE Type Conn.
6.50
650
2x32 way IDC a
(for 2x32 way specify a+b or
525p
a+c
1 x77 way
5100 Conn
-
ó00p
6502 Based Programmable clock timer with

**224 switching times/week cycle
24-hour 7 -day timer
SOFTY II INTELLIGENT PROGRAMMER
The complete microprocessor development system for Engineers and SPECIAL
* 4thyristor/triacs
independent switch outputs directly interfacing to Hobbyists. You can develop programs, debug, verify and commit to
EPROMS or use in host computer by using softy as a romulator. Power-
OFFER
21141 54
* 4Reset
digit seg. display to indicate real time, ON/OFF and
7
times
ful editing facilities permit bytes, blocks of bytes changed, deleted or
inserted and memory contents can be observed on ordinary TV.
Accepts most +5v Eproms
27161+5y)
2532
4116-2
25ep
375,
14
*FullOutput to drive day of week switch and status LEDs.
details on request. Price for kit £57
Softy II complete with PSU, TV Lead and Romulator lead £169
4164-2 p1p
BOOKS
RUGBY ATOMIC CLOCK (No VAT p&p £1)
£7.75
UV ERASERS TRAINER KITS This Z80 micro controlled clock/calendar receives
coded time data from NPL Rugby. The clock never
CMOS Cook Book
CRT Controller H/Book £5.95
UV1B up to 6 Eproms £47.50 needs to be reset. The facilities include 8 indepen- Programming the Z80 £11.50
UV1T with Timer £60 6502 Junior Computer £85 dent alarms and for each alarm there is a choice of Z80 Microcomp handbook E6.95
UV140 up to 14 Eproms £61.50 6802 Nancomp I £80 melody or alternatively these can be used for Programming the 6502 £10.25
UV141 with Timer £78 electrical switching. A separate timer allows 6502 Assy. Lang £12.10
6809 Nancomp II £80 recording of up to 240 lap times without interrupt- 6502 Applications £10.20
(Carr £2/eraser) 1802 Micro Trainer £64 ing the count. Expansion facilities provided. 6502 Software Design £9.05
All erasers are fitted with See July/August ETI for details. Complete Kit £120 6502 Games £10.25
mains switches and safety Full details on request + £2 p&p Large selection of databooks, interfacing
1 interlocks. books, books on BBC, etc in stock. Ask for our
list.

40p
7400 1/p
74199
74221
80p
56p
741-6260
7415266
2011 4041
4042 40p LINEAR ICs COMPUTER COMPONENTS MODULATORS
4043 6MHz UHF
7401 lip 74251 45p 74LS273 p
4044 4Op ADC0808 990p 120p SL490 350p 9902A 27321350ns1 75491/2 66p
7402 lip 74259
74265
100p
459
7410275
7410279 30p 4045 AN103 ZOOp
1114387
LM389 95p SN76115N
CPUs E3
TMS4500 E11 81LS95/96 110p 8MHz UHF 3
7403 12p AY1-0212 700p 2159 TMS2716 750p
7404 74273 120p 7415280 100p 4046 150p 151391 150p 1802CE 650p TMS9918 E00 811097/98 1109 460p
12p 4047 AY1-1313 808p SN76131 125p 2650A
7405 15p 74276 90p 7415283 4bp 111439201 60p 280910 hasp CRT 8126 120p
74278 100p 741S290 45p 4048 50p AY1-1320 225p LM393 100p 5N76477 450p 6502 Z80AP10 280p 8728 120p CRYSTALS
7406 18p CONTROLLER
7407 10p 74279 40p 7410293 40p 4049 24p AY1-5050 99p LM394CH 304 SN76488 460p 6502A 500p Z80CTC 250p 8195/96 909 32.768KHz
7408 74283 50p 7415295 90p 4050 249 AV3-1270 750p 1M709 36p SN76660 120p 6800 Z8OACTC 284 CR76545 904
14p
7415297 900p 4051 45p AV3-1350 400p LM710 54 5887489 400p 6802 250p Z80ADART CRT5027 E18 9602/
1
7409 14p 74284 160p 22Op 100KHz 2Óp
74285 160p 7415298 4052 60p 8V3-8910 440p 114711 70p SN76495 400p 68B02 CRT5037 618 9637AP 1130p
7410 lop 4053 50p AY3-8912 825p LM725 304 S98515 750p 6809 660p
E70ÓO
EF9365 E48 200KHz 280p
7411 1Sp 74290 75p 7415299 Z80ADMA ZN425E-8 350p Freq In MHz
74293 80p 7415323 4054 90p AY5-3600 600p LM733 800 TA7120 150p 68809 E12 Z80S10/1/2 E9 EF9360 648 ZN426E-8 350p
7412 14p AV5d007D TA7130 160p 1.0 211139
74298 100p 7410324 1Óp 4065 90p 151741 18p 6809E E12 MC6845 850p ZN427E-8 860p
7413 lap 4046 90 LM747 70p TA7204 204 8035 MC6847 650p ZN428E-8
1.008 276p
7414 18p 74351 150p 7415348 90p MEMORIES 500p 1.5
74365A 30p 741_5352 60p 4059 460p CA3028A 120p 151748 35p TA7205 90p 8039 300p SFF96364 E0
7416 lap 4060 55p CA3019 80p 1141014 1513p TA7222 150p 8080A TMS9918 E50 1.8432 21Op
7417 1sp 74366A 30p 7415353 2101-4A 400p DISC 2.00
74367A 30p 7415356 2O0p 4063 90p CA3046 70p LM1801 300p TA7310 150p 8085A 35Op 2102-31 120p TMS9927 E18
7420 14p TBA641AX1 2.45760 2
74368A 30p 7415363 4066 27p CA3048 220p 1511830 250p INS8060 21078 500p TMS9928/9E36 CONTROL
7421 lep 4067 224 CA3059 285 1511871 460p TMS995 E12 TMS9928 E31 2.5 2509
7422 20p 74376 100p 7415364 14Op 2111A 300p ICs 2.662
74390 75p 7410365 27p 4068 14p CA3060 250p 1511872 450p TBA641BX125P TMS9980 E20 2112-A 300p
7423 lep 4069 14p 1M1886 700p Z8
INTERFACE 3.276 1509
7425 lsp 74393 90p 7410366 27p f24 2114-21 100p FD1771 E20 3.5786 1009
74490 95p 7415367 27p 4070 14p CCA.9686 1511889 360p TBA800 Z80 250p 2147 450p ICs FD1791 622
7426 lep TBA810 100p Z80Á 320p 3.886 300p
7427
7428
lep
lep EMU= 741S368
74_5373
7418374
27p
55p
4071
4072
4073
14p
1 CA-1090A0CA3089E
1142917
1513302
1513900
2018
75p TBA820 BOp
TBA920 2000
Z808
Z8088
E16
612
4027-3
4044-45
4116-15
300p
450p
100p
AD558CJ 775p
AD561J 611
F01793
FD1795
F01797
[23
1128
4.00
4.194
1509
7430 14p 74LS 144pp
90p
OOp
TBA950 225p AM25S10 350p 1138 4.43 'lop
7432 lap 741501 11p 7415375 46p 4075
4076
14p CA3130E
CA3130T 110p
L513909
1.143911
66p.
125p TC9109 900p SUPPORT 4116-20 94 AM25LS2521 FD8271 E35 4.608
7433 22p 74LS02 11p 7415377 4118-3 450p WD1691 Eil{ 4.915
741S378 60p 4077 18p CA3140E 50p LM3914 200p TCA210 350p DEVICES 4164-2 500p
E2
W02143
7437 22p 741503 12p TCA220 350p AM26LS31 5OOp 5.0 175D
741504 741_5390 4078 18p CA3140T 90p L513915 200p 4816AP-3 270p
l
7438 22p 12p 3242 8.0
7439 25p 741505 12p 7415393 45pp 4081 14p CA3160E 100p 1143916 224 TCA270 350p 5101 300p CHARACTER
Óp
8
4082 15p CA3161E 150p LM13600 110p TCA940 175p 3245 450p A14261032125p 6.144 1
7440 15p 741508 12p 741$395 6520 5516 950p GENERATORS 7.0
7415399 lÓp 4086 56p CA3162E 460p 14515131230p TCA965 120p
7441 56p 741S09 12p
7410445 4089 125p CA3189E 300p 51515181500p TDA1004A 6522 31Op 6116-3
61161P-3 750p
COM811 8 R03-2513 7.168 1 6p
7442A app 741510 12p CA32406 1 6522A 560p 07002 480p 8.00
4093 24p 5183712 200p U.C. 750p
7443
7444
74
70p
741511
741512
l3p
12p
7410490
7410487
20Op
90p 4094 CA3280G 200p M83730 400p TDA1008 32 p 6532 OOOp
6514-45 300p
6810 120p
DAC80 L.C. 7ppp 8.88
10.00
170,
179,
7445 50p 741513 15p 741_5540 90p 4095 6p 07002 4809 MC13109 160p TDA1010 200p 6551
6821 166p
7489 210p
DM8131 DM86584 E72
10.5 250p
74_5541 80p 4096 7 DAC1408-8 MC1413 7Op TDA1022 500p 745189 225p MC68760 750p
7446A 50p 741514 25p 68821 0S3691 400p
7447A 38p 741515 12p 7415624 9Op 4097 29p MC1445 2509 TDA1024 120p 745201 350p 058830
SN74S262AN 10.7
12.00
TDA1170 304 6829 140p
5
7415629 HA1366 19200p6p MC1458 90p E
745289 175p E10
7448 45p 741020 12p
7410640 10Op 4099 Op HA1388 270p MC1493 100p TDA2002V 6840 DS8831 140p 14.318 16p
7450 lap 741521 12p 104098
68840 93415 8009 KEYBOARD 14.756

7415641 CL7106 700p MC14951 350p 93425 800p
7451 16p 741522 12p
CL7660 200p TDA2003 325p 6850 í1Opp ó$8B332 Zlp 15.00
7453 741526 12p 74LS643 10p 450O2 MC1496 70p ENCODER
15p 95p TDA2020 320p 68B50 058836 150p 16.00
7454 741_027 14 7415644 C17611 MC3340P 120p ROMS
15p
7415645 10p 4504 p C18038 300p MC3401 50p 11064 100p 6852 25Op D58838 2269 AY5-2376 704 18.00 200p
7460 15p 741028 14p 754503
CM7216B E16 71071/81 25p 6854 700p PROMS 1E13201 460p 740922 500p 18.432 150160pp
7470 741030 12p 7410668 4505 MC3403 75p
30p 4506 CM7217 754 MC3480 600p T1072/82 46p 68854 MC1488 OOp 74C923N 500p 19.968
7472 24 74LS32 13p 7415669 12Óp
7410670 140p 4507 35p ICM7555 MK50938 1334 11074 100p 6875 6670pp 745188 325p MC1489 66p 20.00
7473 25p 74LS33 14p BAUD RATE
7474 10p 741037 14p 7410678 550p 4508 130p 1C17611 94 ML920 800p 71083 75p 8154
0155
950p 745287
745288 225p M0C3446 300p
26.690
27.146
150p
7415682 400p 4510 45p LC7120 300p MM57160 820p 71084 OOP GENERATORS
7475 22p 741538 15p
71094 8156 35Op 745387 325p MC3480 38.6667 >7OP
LC7130 325p MN6221A 600p
7476
7480
24 741_$40
741542
12p
30p
74LS684 404 4511
4512
46p
Sip LF347 150p NE 531 140p 71170 5p 8205 745471
745473
650p
850p
MC3486 6p MC14411 700p
COM8116 800p
48.0
55.5
1759
400p
7481 120p 741047 36p KEINME 4514
4515
120p
110p
LF351
LF353
48p
95p
NE544
NE556
150p
l6p
TL430C 70p
UA1003-3 935p
8212
8216
110p
745474
MC3487 300p
47028 75pp 116
7482 84 741048 74500 30p 4516 LF356P 914 NE556 UA2240 150p 8224 11Op 745570 í160p MC4044 323p 145.50 260p
7483A 38p 74LS51 lIp 74502 30p 4518
56p
LF357 110p NE564
4Op
420p UAA170 170p 8226 745571 OoOp MC14411 876p UARTs
7484A 80p 741054 14 74504 30p 4520 be 1F13331 100p NE565 120p ULN2003A 75p 8228 220p 745573 990p MC14412 750p AV -3-1015P
REAL TIME.
7485 80p 741555 14p 74S05 i0p 8243 CLOCK
94 LM1OC 325p NE566 155p ULN2004 75p 75107 90p
7486
7489
7490A
18p
170p
20p
74LS63
74LS73
74LS74
e
1
120p
18p
74508
74510
74511
80p
40p
50p
4521
4522
4528
120p
60p
LM301A
LM310
25p
120p
11E567
NE570
140p
414
ULN2068 290p
ULN2802 200p
8250
8251
860p EPROMs
25161«5v1
75110/12
75114/15
75121/22
160p
180p
140p
AY -5-1013P304 MM58174 700p
MSM5832
7491 35p 74LS75 18p 4527 80p LM311 70p NE571 400p ULN2804 160p 8253 38Op COM8017 3 op 704
74520 000 4528 50p LM318 75p NE592 UPC575 275p 8255 751509 120p IM6402 460p
7492A 25p 741076 17p 74522 50p 4532 70p LM319 2159 14E55349
0Op
110p UPC592H 2O4 8256 ÉÓ 2532 375p 75154 140p TR1602 300p TELETEXT
7493A 24p 74LS83 30p 74530 40p LM324 30p UPC1156F1 8257 2584 816 75182 90p
74LS85 44 4534 NE5534AP 250p
7494 35p 74532 709 8259 4OOp 2708 75324 3769
7495A 35p 741586 16p 74537 00p
4536 27p LM334Z 90p
8271 27161+5v)
ZIF SKIS DECODER
7496 741.590 22p 4538 8/3p LM335Z 140p PLL02A 5020p0p UPC1185HZ 638 75361 160p
35p 74574 750 4539 LM339 60p RC4136 80p 8279 75363 160p (TEX TOOL) SAA5020 800p
70p
7497 94 741591 66p 74585 450p LM348 8284 3500 2732 450p 75365 150p 24 pin 8009 SAA5030 900p
p
4543 76p 66p RC4151 200p XR2206 300p
74100 80p 74LS92 32p 74586 94 4553 LM368P 60p S5668 225p XR2207 376p 8288 E11 27161350ns) 75451/2 74 28 pin 800p SAA5041 E10
74104 50p 741093 22p 745112 94 4555 1.14377 175p SAA1900 XR2211 574 8755 E16 500p 75453/4 74 40 pin E10 SAA5060 !OOP
74105 560 74LS95 40p 745113 90p LM380 759 XR2216 876p
74LS96 50p 4556 36p 1
74107 22p 745114 90p LM381AN 180p XR2240 120p
4557 300p SAD1024A LOW PROFILE SOCKETS BY TI
74109 25p 741S107 20p 745124 WIRE WRAP SOCKETS BY TI
.
300p 4560 124 LM382 120p ZN414
74110 30p 741S109 27p 745132 11sp ZN419C
741S112 4566 134386 90p SFF96364 60Op 1811p
74111 20p 745133 60p 4568 2Óp ZN423E 130p 8 pin 18 pin l 24 pin
74112
74116
170p
60p
741S113
7410114
20p
22p
745138
745139
120p
120p
4569 14572
VOLTAGE REGULATORS ZN424E

2N425E
130p
350p
14 pin 1p
11p
20 in Ip 28 pin ....Zee
4 pin
16 pin
26p
36p
18 pin
20 pin 00p
24 pin
28 pin
70p
00p
16 pin 22 pin 22p 40 pin
74118 55p 741_0122 28p 745157 250p FIXE PLASTIC ZN426E 304 16 pin 40p 22 pin O6p 40 pin 100p
74119 7415123 349 4583
00p 745158 1960
74120 00p 7410124 90p 745163 300p
lA +ve -ve ZN427E 594 FR40/1 25p T1P31A 40p 2N3053 30p 38141 110p
74121 25p 7410125 24 745174 250p
4585 6p
74584 5V 7805 40p 7905 ZN428E 4114
FR79 25p TIP31C 46p 283054 OOP 38201 1109 TRIACS
40014 40p 6V 7806 40p 7906 ZN1034E 200p
74122 30p 7410126 25p 745175 320p FR80/1 259 71P32A 45p 283055 48p 38204 200p PLASTIC
74123 34 741S132 349 40085 90p BV 7808 40p 7908 459 ZN1040E 674 T1P32C 40p 283442 140p 40290 200p
745194 320p FR96 180p
74125 30p 74LS133 25p 745195 500p
40097 46p 12V 7812 40p 7912 45p ZNA234 850p FX29 40p TIP33A 70p 283553 240p 40361/2 75p
74126 30p 7410136 24 745225 510p
40102 140p 15V 7815 40p 7915 459 TRANSISTORS FX30 27p TIP33C s0p ZN3584 250p 40408 3A 400V Se
741_5138 27p 40103 170p 18V 7818 40p 7918 45p TIP34A 283643/4 49p 6A 400V 7Op
74128 36p 745241 300p 40105 110p FX84/5 40p 90p 40409 100p
88p
74132 30p 741S139 27p 24V 7824 40p 7924 AD161/2 45p T1P34C 124 283702/3 12p 40410 6A 500V
745244 300p 40106 40p FX86/7 27p 769
74136 28p 7415145 70p 5V 100mA 78105 30p 79105 46p BC107/8 13p 11935A 120p 283704/5 12p 40411 3009 8A 400V
745251 250p 40109 100p FX88 27p 96p
74141 7410147 120p 6V 100mA 78106 30p BC109C 14p 11P35C 144 283706/7 14p 40594 SA 500V
745257 250p 40110 27sp 78108 FX89 180p
74142 175p 7415148 75p 745258 40163 60p
8V 100mA
12V 100mA 78112
30p
30p 79112 60p
BC117 20p FY50 24p 11936A 144 283706/9 12p 40595 i2p 12A 400V
12A 500V 106p
74143 200p 7415151 40p 745260 70p BC147/8 91,1 FY51/2 24p T1P36C 150p 283773 225p 40673
40174 50p 15V 100mA 78115 30p 79115 00p 16A400V 110p
74144 204 7415153 40p 745261 300p 40175 76p
BC149 lOp FY56 33p T1P41A 15Op 283819 25p 40871/2 lOOp
16A 500V 130p
74145 741S154 80p 745262 850p OTHER BC157/8 lOp FY90 80p TIP41C 55p 283820 400
40193 75p 728000 130p
74147 75p 741S155 30p 745373 400p 40244 195p REGULATORS BC159 hip RV39 46p TIP42A 80p 283823 50p
74148 OOp 7410156 38p 74S374 400p 40245 195p
BC169C 12p 5X19/20 24p T1P42C 05p 283866 94 DIODES
74150 54 741S157 25p
40373 160p
LM309K lA 5V 140p 78HGKC 000p BC172 12p 0104 225p TIP54 100p 283902 704
THYRISTORS
74151A 309 741S158 30p 4000 CMOS LM317K T03 3Z5p 78H05KC 550p BC777/8 17p U105 190p 119120 75p 283903/4 l p BV127 12p
741S160 34 40374 180p BVX36300 20p
74153 98p
4000 14495 304 1143171 478GUIC 200p BC179 18p U108 260p 719121 75p 2N3905/6 114
74154 60p 741S161 38p LM337T 226p 79GUIC 224 80182/3 10p U109 224 119122 BOp 284037 86p 0A47 BP 3A 400V /00p
74155 7410162 30p 4001 10p 14500
14568
700p
200p
LM323K 3A 5V450p 79HGKC 704 BC784 ltp U126 150p T1P142 120p 284123/4 27p p 8A 600V 140p
74156 44 741_0163 36p 4002 12p
14569 250p
1M723150mAAdj ICL7660 2OOp BC187 30p D180A 120p T1P147 120p 284125/6 27p OA950A90/91 12.4 400V 180p
74157 30p 7415164 40p 4006 BC212/3 11p 7192955 70p 284401/3 27p 0A200 Op 16A 100V 180p
74159
74160
75p
40p
7410165
741S168
50p
60p
4007
4008
>
36p
14599 290p 71494
78540
37p 71497 300p
400p LM305AH250p
2259 78H12 600p
BC214
BC237
14
15p
U205
U208
0406
200p
200p
146p
1194055
T1S93
70p
30p
284427
284871
90p
60p
OA202
1N914
10p
4p
16A 400V
C1060
180p
46p
74161 40p 741S168 850 4009 78P05 900p SG3524 300p BC327 18p UX80 600p ZTX108 129 2N5087 27p 1N916 7p MCR101 Sip
74162 40p 7415169 64 4010 21p 74C925 E4 BC337 lip UV69C 350p ZTX300 13p 285089 27p 184148 49 71044 30p
74163 40p 741S170 709 4011 74C928 E6 OPTO ELECTRONICS BC338 lip 310 50p ZTX452 469 2N5172 tip 184001/2 Op 284444 130p
74164 46p 741S173 56p 4012 16p 72188 E16 BC461 25p MJ802 ZTX500 15p 2N5191 90p 1N4003/4 0p 285060 10p
74165
74166
46p
150p
74LS174
741S175
7415181
40p
40p
4013
4014
4015
lap
2N1040 870p 2N5777
OCP71
011912
11L76p1
120p 124 11131A
8
BC477/8
BC516/7
30p
40p
MJ2501
MJ2955
226p
90p
ZTX502
ZTX504
lip
lep
285194
285245
80p
40p
1N4005
184006/7
185404/5
0p
7p
14p
285064
285084
35p
3OP
74167 90p BC547B 14p ZTX552 514 2N5296
74170 120p 741S183 120p 4016 2Op 011960 i20p 11181 90p 8C548C 12p
MJ3001
MJ4502
225p
400p ZTX652 e0p 285401 00p
OOp
185404/7 le
74172 250p 74LS190 36p 4017
4018
ORP61 i20p 111100 75p BC549C lip MJE340 00p ZTX752 70p 285457/8 40p 10920 911 PCB
74173 50p 741S191 38p 46p OPTO ISOLATORS BC557B 14p MJE2955 100p VN66AF 72p 285459 40p
74174 55p 7415192 38p 4019 BC559C 18p MJE3055 70p VN10KM 60p 285460 80p MOUNTING
74175 7410193 38p 4020 48p I1074 130p TIL111 BCV70 lap MPF102 VN66 80p 285485 449
40p 4021 MCT26 100p TIL112 285875
RELAYS
74176 7410194 35p 70p BCV71 22p MPF103/4 30p 2N697 269 250p BRIDGE
74177 45p 74L0195 35p 4022 MCS2400 190p 111113 70p BD131 75p MPF105 30p 2N698 46p 286027 48p
74178 70p 7415196 45p 4023 14 I1074 240p 111116 70p BD132 50p MPSA06 30p 2N706A 30p 286052 300p RECTIFIERS 6 or 12V DC
74179 70p 7410197 45p 4024 32pp BD135/6 40p MPSA12 50p 2N708 30p 286059 325p Coil SPOT 2A
0.2" lA
74180
74181
74182
40p
115p
40p
7415221
741S240
7415241
50p
56p
56p
4025
4026
4027 20p 0.125"
711_220 Red
111222 G,
1p
122p
80139
BO140
BD189
40p
40p
60p
MPSA13
MPSA20
MPSA42
50p
50p
SOp
28918
28930
2N1131/2
e
1
46p 286107
286247
286254
65p
190p
130p
lA
lA
50V
100V
19p
20p
400V 25p
24V DC
6 or 12V DC
190p
Coil DPDT 5A
11L209 Red 711228 Ve lA
74184 90p 741_0242 54 4028 10p
12p Rectangular
15p BD232 80p MPSA43 50p 281613 25p 286290 06p 600V 30p 24V DC
94 111211 Gr
1
74185A 7415243 56p 4029 446p 80233 75p MPSA56 34 2N1711 26p 2SC1172 160p 2A 50V 30p 240V AC 200p
74186 470p 74LS244 65p 4030 15p 111_212 Ve 15p 'LEDs(R,G.Y) 30p 80235 85p 2N2102 70p 2SC1306 100p 2A 100V 369 6 or 12v DC
MPSA70 60p
74188 74LS245 70p 4031 MIZEILEM FND357 120p BD241 60p MPSA93 40p 2N2160 350p 2SC1307 154 2A 400V 469 Coil SPDT 10A
74190 45p 74LS247 50p 4032 FNSB5881
BD242 60p MPSU06 83p 2N2219A 25p 2SC1957 80p 3A 200V 00p 24V DC
74191 74LS248 56p 4033 570p F11ó5Ó7 Sop BD379 80p MPSUO7 80p 2N2222A 25p 2001969 226p 3A 600V 72p 240V AC 225p
74192 45p 7415249 56p 4034 16p OIL 711311 804 MAN3640 0380 MPSU45 90p 2N2369A 25p 2SC2028 96p 4A 100V
74193 46p 7410251 30p 4035 46p
SIMTCHES 111_312/3 110p MAN4640 204 8D677 MPSU65 78p 2N2484 30p 2$02029 264 4A 400V 100p
6A 50V ZENERS
74194 40p 741S253 30p 4036 275p
4 way
TIL321/3 130p BF244B 35p TIP29A 35p 282646 44 2SC2078 200p
254 6A 100V 100p
74195 40p 74LS257 30p 4037 110p 711330 144 DRIVERS BF256B 50p T1P29C 40p 2N2904/5 25p 2502335
74196 44 741S258 36p 4038 114 6 way 869 7750/60 200p BF257/8 32p TIP30A 36p 2N2906A 25p 2SC2612 250p 6A 400V 120p 2.7V -33V
400mW 9p
74197 40p 74LS259 55p 4039 8 way BF337 30p 119300 40p 282907A 25p 38128 120p 10A 400V200p
01704 140p 9368
74198 80p 7410261 1318 4040 40p 10 way 1 6p 01707 Red 140p 9370 3000 BFR39 26p 2N2926 38140 120p 25A 400V 400p 1W 15p
PLEASE ADD 40p p&p & 15°10 VAT

TECH\OZIATIC LTD (Export: no VAT, p&p 9t Cost)
MAIL ORDERS TO: 17 BURNLEY ROAD, LONDON NW101ED Orders from Government Depts. & Colleges etc. welcome.
SHOPS AT: 17 BURNLEY ROAD, LONDON NW10 Detailed Price List on request.
(Tel: 01-4521500, 01-450 6597. Telex: 922800) Stock items are normally by return of post. Ate
305 EDGWARE ROAD, LONDON W2

WHAT ARE YOU DRIVING?
INDUCTION LOOP TRANSMITTERS
VIBRATOR/SHAKERS
SERVOMOTORS
MAGNETS
tit *tilt
POWER AMPLIFIERS POWER AMPLIFIERS
CRIMSON ELEKTRIK POWER AMP MODULES HAVE DONE IT ALL
CHOOSE our acclaimed Bipolar Modules for the best in Hi-Fi. These modules have been
widely used by professional bodies. They are high slew, low t.h.d. devices without need
for the output fuses that spoil fidelity. They have instantly resetable 'electronic fuse' and
are L -bracket mounting for flexi installation.
CHOOSE Our Mosfet Modules for the most difficult loads. These modules are rugged and
make ideal line step-up transformer drivers. They respond down to d.c. and make excel-
lent servo -driving devices. They have low d.c. offset drift due to j fet inputs.
MAX. 0/P SUPPLY VOLTAGE PRICE INC.
TYPE POWER TYP. MAX. MD TYP. V.A.T. & POST
P CE 608 60W/80 ± 35 ± 40 < .01% £21.50
O CE 1004 100W/40 ± 35 ± 40 < .018% £25.00
PRE -AMPLIFIERS L CE 1008 120W/811 ± 45 ± 50 < .01% £28.00
A CE 1704 200W/4n ± 45 ± 63 <.015% £35.50
R CE 1708 180W/811 ± 60 ± 63 < .01% £35.50
CE 3004 320W/441 ± 60 ± 83 < .02% £49.50
O FE 908 90W/81í ± 45 ± 60 < .01% £30.00
S FE 1704 170W/40 ± 45 ± 60 <.025% (39.00
ACTIVE CROSSOVERS
Export - no problem. Please write for quotation or quote your Visa/Master Charge card
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BARCLAYCARD
HEAVY DUTY POWER AMPLIFIERS

IME Crimson Elektrik
FREEPOST, 9 Claymill Road, Leicester, LE4 7JJ, England
Electricity
Snpply
Handbook
An up-to-date copy of the Electricity Supply Ilandbook is the best reference
-Your Guide to the Industry!
111
knowing Who who and what's what in the electricity industry.

.f ì7r 1982
inon
II
The 1982 edition contains:-
* Over 2,000 names and locations of
executive personnel in the Electricity
* U.K. power stations, Area Board
statistics, electricity tariffs, electrical
°v
ed
.
Council, C.E.G.B., Area Boards and
other organisations.
associations. 'I'
r.ce
* Pull out map of C.E.G.B. regions,
* Major authorities, government
departments associated with the power stations and transmission lines. 0O
Post
free
electrical industry. * Bound in maps of Area Boards.
Famous for its total coverage, detail and accuracy, it always sells out fast
so make sure of your copy today, using the coupon below.
To: General Sales Department, 205, Quadrant House,'l'he Quadrant, Suilon, Surrey SM2 SAS.
Please send nie copylies of Electricity Supply Hand) k 19142 al £7.00 per copy, incl. p&p
1 enclose cheque/P.O. for C made payable Io Ili( Business Press I.dI.
:
Name Address
c
- -
lair n+ aisle+nd
-.r,aá.OooOPt_--.wOrM^nc- - -
in Ifnl(land No. 07712M. Rry, fifth, e: (juadranl Iloos.
. __
Ihr Quadrate S Slim rKJIY3:\M. WM)

LINSLEY-HOOD PEAK DRIVE HIGH QUALITY REPLACEMENT
INDICATOR CASSETTE HEADS
Do ycur tapes lack treble? A worn head could be the problem.

LINSLEY-HOOD Fitting one of our replacement heads could restore performance
to barter than rewl Standard mountings make fitting easy and
300 SERIES AMPLIFIERS our TC1 Test Cassette helps you set the azimuth spot-on. We are
the actual impertars which means you get the benefit of lower
prices for prime parts. Compare us with other suppliers and seal
The following is a list of our most popular heads, all are suitable
for use on Dollar machines and are ex -stock.
A very useful cevice, connected to loudspeakers piing a 4 light HC20 Psrmalloy Stereo Head. This is the standard head fitted as
readouts of peek power delivered for the protection of both the prigg rtal equippment on most deckds £425
loudspeaker and the perceived quality of sound. Gives instant HM90 High Bale Pwmalloy Hea. A hard-wearing, higher per
indication even for peaks of only five microseconds' duration. formence head with metal capability 020
Unit uses CVOS technology, is self-contained and battery HS76 $Indust Alloy Super Head. The best head we can find.
powered. Complete Kit except batteries. Longer life thar Permalloy, higher output than Ferrite, fantastic
Only E17.40 plus VAT. frequency response 020
Reprint of Article 25p. No VAT. Post free. HO56/ 4 -Track Heed for auto -reverse or quadrophonic use. Full
specification record and playback head E7.40
Please consult our list for technical data on these and other
These latest designs from the drawing board of John Linsley - Special Purpose Heads.
Hood, engineered to the very highest standard, represent the
very best that is available on the kit market today. The delicacy
VERTICAL FRONT LOADING
and transparency of the tone quality enable these amplifiers to
outperform on a side -by-side comparison, the bulk of amplifiers CASSETTE DECK VFL910
in the commercial market-place end even exceed the high stan-
dard set by his earlier 75 -watt design.
Three versions are offered, a 30 -watt with Darlington output
transistors, and a 35- and 45 -watt, both with Mostet output SPECIAL OFFER
devices. All are of identical outside appearance which is de- Replacement heads for SONY machines.
signed to match and stack with our Linsley -Hood cassette re- First Quality Stereo head with special base to fit Sony
corder 2. cocks.
As with all Hart kits the constructor's interests have been looked
These are only available while stocks last, so buy now to
after in a unique way by reducing the conventional land boring) heap in. Orly £8.95.
wiring almost to the point of extinction. Trade price available on 10 or more.
Any of these kits represents a most cost-effective route to the
very highest sound quality with the extra bonus of the en-
joyment of building a sophist cated piece of equipment.
30-watt Darlington amplifier, fully integrated with tone controls
and magnetic pick-up facility. Total cost of all parts is 01.12.
Special offer price for complete kits is E72.
35 -watt Mosfet amplifier. Total cost of parts 06.41. Special offer
for complete kits £87.40.
45-watt Mosfet amplifier. Total cost of parts £104.95. Special
HART TRIPLE-PURPOSE TEST
offer price for complete kits E94.60.
(Reprints of original Articles from Hi-Fi News 50p. Poet free. No
CASSETTE TC1
This deck is used in our Linsley-Hood Cassette Recorder 2 and One i -expensive test cassette enables you to set up VU level,
VAT. head azimuth and tape speed. Invaluable when fitting new
Reprints of MOSFET article 25p. No V.A.T. Post free. has every possible feature to ensure top notch performance.
Recently featu ed in this magazine in a "Digital Multi -Track Tape heads. Only 0.60 plus VAT and 50p postage.
Recorder" by A. J. Ewins.
12v DC Servo Feedback Motor.
Tape Hoed De-magnetiser. Handy cassette size mains operated
VF1910 Deck. Fitted with HS16 Sendust Alloy Super Head 01.99 unit prevents build up of residual head magnetisation causing
noise on playback 0.88
'P. W. WINTON' TUNER
AND AMPLIFIER FEED YOUR MICRO BYTES WITH
OUR SOLENOID CONTROLLED CASSETTE MOTORS
CASSETTE DECK Brand New Gcvemwd 12v DC Tape Drive Motor Type MMI-
6A2LK.
As used in SF925 and many other decks. 40mm Dia x 35mm
Long, Shaft 10.5mm long e 2mm Dia. 6 e 2.5etm Mounting
Holes on 26mm PCD on shaft end face. Anti -clockwise rotation
at rated speed cf 2200 RPM. Free run current 25mA. E4.65 each.
Lenco CRV/FFR
Snazzy matching slimline tuner and amplifier in beautiful We have a small quantity of spare motors for these decks at f6
wooden cabinets. These Ted Pule designs are for the enthusiast. each .omplete with drive pulley. Spare belts for FiR or CRV 90p
Tuner covers LW, MW, SW, FM and TV sound) Digital frequency (Large), 30p (small).
readout with clock and timer features. FM has 6 section front
end and switchable bandwidth for exceptional fringe area per-
formance. Amplifier has Toroidal transformer, Mosfet output
stages, 50 watts per channel and got a cracking review in Practi-
cal Wireless. Front loading deck with full solenoid control of all functions
Tuner. Complete Kit £163.00 including optional read in fast wind modes. 12 volt operation.
Amplifier. Complete Kit 009.00 Fitted 3 -digit memory counter and Hall IC Motion Sensor. Stan-
dard erase an stereo R/P Heads. Cheapest price ever for all
these features. Only 08.90 plus VAT. Full technical specification
included.
Full details of the entire range of HART products is contained in
our illustrated lists.
LINSLEY-HOOD Ask fcr your FREE copy NOW.
CASSETTE RECORDERS HIGH -QUALITY HEAVY DUTY Enquiries for lists are also welcome from overseas but please let
us have three IF Cs to cover the cost of surface post or 5 IRCs for
airmsl.
CASSETTE DECK In a hurry? A telephone order with credit card number placed
This will appeal to all lovers of elegant design combining a basic before 3 p.m. w II be despatched THAT DAY'
simplicity with sound construction. No less than three direct Please add part cost of post, packing and insurance as follows:
drive motors ere integral with the die-cast structure which gives
unparalleled stability to the whole unit. Dual capstans allow the INLAND
use of a three head system for off -tape monitoring. Function Orders up to Et) - 50p
control is by solenoid with a half -way position to read tape in the Orders El to E49 - El
fast mode. Price fitted with 3 Heads £120.36. Orders over f5E. - E1.50
OVERSEAS
Postage et cost plus £2
documentation and handling
We have done two kits to this design, one using the original car
cassette mechanism and the newer version using a very high
LINSLEY-HOOD 100 WATT
qual) front loadingdeck.o
performance and fitted
new deck has an excellent W
latest Sendust Alloy p F POWER AMPLIFIER ALL PRICES PLUS VAT
Head gives an incredible frequency range (with good tape you Our complete kit for this brilliant new design is the same size as
can see 23KHz on ours!). our Linsley-Hood Cassette Recorder 2. Kit includes all parts for
two power amplifiers with large heatsink area, huge power
Linsley -Hood Cassette Recorder 1 £5.00 supply and speaker protection circuit. Total cost of all parts is
Linsisy-Hood CassetteRecorder 2 04.90 £114.40 but our special introductory price for all parts bought
Reprints of -WW' Articles 70p. No VAT together is otsy E105.50.
Telephone: Oswestry (0691) 2894

Personal callers are always very welcome but please VA
note that we are closed all day Saturday
0',
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Display the ELECTRICAL
ACT AT ONCE - DELAY IS FATAL REVIEW shock first aid
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ELECTRIC SHOCK in thousands to destinations
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Carry the ELECTRICAL
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ACT AT ONCE DELAY IS FATAL!

To IPC Electrical -Electronic Press Ltd., Please send copy/copies as indicated
General Sales Department,
Room 205, Pocket Card @ 70p each inc VAT
Quadrant House, Paper Chart @ 70p each post free
Sutton, SM2 5AS, Card Chart @ £1.40 each post free
Surrey, Plastic Chart @ £2.10 each post free
England. Discounts: 100 + copies 10%
Company registered in England 500 + copies 15%
No 677128. Registered Office
Quadrant House, The Quadrant, (Overseas surface and air mail rates supplied
Sutton, Surrey SM2 5AS on application.)

Instrument Rentals (UK) Ltd.
WIINSTRUMENT RENTALS Lab House, Horton Road,
West Drayton, Middlesex.
The Company of Resource
Telephone: (08954) 44519
Telex: 935371
PRE -OWNED EQUIPMENT
Intoday's economic climate the opportunity to buy equipment at less than the manufacturer's list price is increasingly attractive to a
growing number of organisations. Our rental inventory, which is constantly being rotated, provides an invaluable source of supply of pre-
owned equipment. Although used, the equipment is guaranteed to meet the manufacturer's published specifications, has always been
regularly maintained and is often still in immaculate condition. A guarantee is provided for up to six months and in most cases there are
several units available of each type.
INSTRUMENT SELLING MANUF INSTRUMENT SELLING MANUF

PRICE £ PRICE £ PRICE £ PRICE £
OSCILLOSCOPES & ACCESSORIES TAPE RECORDERS
Tektronix Scope 7704A/7A26/7A26/7853A 3600 6318 Racal Store 4Ds 3000 5285
Tektronix Scope 465B/DM44 1775 2177 Racal Store 7D 4000 8281
Tektronix Scope 455 930 1945 Racal Store 14D 6000 11570
Telequipment Scope DM63 750 1776 S. E. Labs 3500/14 8000 10800
Philips Scope PM 3244 1395 2299 S. E. Labs 7000A 10500 16120
Gould Scope OS4000 1100 2095
Gould Scope 0S4002 1200 2550 DATA LOGGERS
Tektronix Stg. Scope 464 1950 3429 Solartron Compact Logger 34308 1800 3300
Tek. Stg. Scope 7313/7A18/7A18/7853A 2150 6832 Fluke 22408 System P.O.A. -
Tek. Stg. Scope 7623A/7A26/7A26/7B53A 4275 7797
Tek. St9. Scope 7633/7A26/7A26/7B53A 4975 9045 TRANSIENT RECORDERS
Tektronix CT5 Probe 350 830 Data Labs DL905 750 1519
Tektronix Camera C30 AR 350 581 Franklin 3500R Dist. Mon. 2400 4331
Shackman Camera Super 7 MK 2 300 591 Dranetz 606 3 - 2250 3689
Tektronix P6201 FET Probe 530 880
SOUND LEVEL METERS
Bruel & Kjaer (8 & K) 2209 800 1410
CURVE TRACERS
Tektronix 577/177 2300 3648 LOGIC ANALYSERS
Biomation 810 D 375 1958
Biomation 1650 D 1925 4550
Tek. 606 Display (for Biomation) 370 1908
DIGITAL MULTIMETERS 5450 7359
Datron 1051 740 1750 H. P. 1610A
510 995 Tek. 7603/7D01 F 3050 5956
Datron 1059 1800 2211
Solartron 7045 250 360 Paratronics 532
Solartron 7055 400 1390
Solartron 7065 600 1620 SPECTRUM ANALYSERS
295 433 Solartron 1510 2700 5151
Fluke 8600A 900 1376
Fluke 8920A True RMS 620 1095 H. P. Storage Normalizer 8750A
DESK -TOP COMPUTERS
H. P. 9825A 2950 5006
COUNTERS H. P. 98210A String Prog. Rom. 125 162
Racal Timer Counter 9905 225 395 H. P. 98216A I/O Rom. 235 306
Systron Donner Freq. Counter 6053 425 1460 H. P. 9835A 3775 6987
Systron Donner Freq. Counter 6153 650 3495 H. P. 98332A I/O Rom. 395 506
H. P. Timer Counter 5327A 525 1193 295 337
H. P. 98336A Ady. Prog. Rom.
H. P. Microwave Freq. Meter 536A 700 930 H. P. 98337A Plotter Graph Rom. 295 337
Fluke Timer Counter 1953A 825 1315 H. P. 98338A Assem. Exec. Rom. 295 337
DATA TERMINALS
SIGNAL SOURCES Lear Siegler V.D.U. ADM 3A+ 450 595
Marconi Sig. Gen. TF2016 1225 2195 Tektronix CT 8100 V.D.U. 325 -
Systron Donner Pulse Gen. PG100A 200 600 H. P. 2621A V.D.U. 775 1174
Racal/Adret GPIB Sig. Gen. 7100B 5500 7910 H. P. 2621P V.D.U. With Printer 1425 1946
H. P. Pulse Gen. 8013B 495 1031 Texas Silent 743 Printer 495 1090
H. P. Function Gen. 3312A 415 751
H. P. Sig. Gen. 8640B 3750 5880 POWER SUPPLIES
H. P. Synthesized Sig. Gen. 8672A 16700 23900 Aplab LVED 30/2 80 190
Farnell TSV 70 275 445
Aplab Inverter TIS 250/500 450 825
RECORDERS
Philips Recorder PM 8222 830 1576 MISCELLANEOUS
Philips Recorder PM 8236 1380 2841 Wayne Kerr B605 Bridge 1175 1350
TOA EPR 200A YY - T 750 1100 Ferrograph Test Set RTS 2 395 495
Anaspec 20 - T 450 1100 Ferrograph Aux. Test Unit ATU 1 180 275
Watanabe 6601 1800 3080 Dymar A.F. Power Meter 2085 270 355
Micro Movement M10 -120 2300 3547 Tektronix Data Comms Tester 832 840
1400
1452
1955
H. P. XY Recorder 7045 1160 2556 H. P. Transmission Test Set 3552A
H. P. XYY Recorder 7046 1550 3588 H. P. Selective Level Meas. Set 37458 6800 14700
S. E. Labs 993 Galvo Amp 400 1069 H. P. Microwave Link Analyser 3710A 11900 15300
Scottish Office: Murraygate Industrial Estate, Whitburn, West Lothian. Telephone 0501 40667
Northern Office: Crossford Court, Dane Road, Sale, Cheshire. Telephone: 061 973 6251
Registered Office: Lab House, Horton Road, West Drayton, Middlesex. Registration No. 1532492 England, V.A.T. No.
225758447

MANUFACTURERS & DISTRIBUTORS 1;o1PM COMPONENTS LTD
CROUZET reversible geared motor. 8 r.p.m. 240 volt 50Hz with universal
T drive. £35 for 10 + VAT; £162 for 50 + VAT; £300 for 100 + VAT; £1,250
VALVE & COMPONENTS SPECIALISTS
for 500 + VAT. Sample despatched for £3.75 + 75p p&p (£5.17 inc. VAT).
1.75
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS TÁ7130P 1.50 TBA720A TDA2541 2.15'
TA7203 2.95 TBA7500 1.85 TDA2560 2.15
MATSUSHITA high quality 12 volt D.C. cassette drive motors, size 30mm AN 124 2.50 ML231B 1.75 TA7204P 2.15 TBA800 0.89 TDA2581 1.15-
dia. x 20mm high, drive shaft 7mm long x 2mm dia. approx. No load AN2140 2.50 ML232B 1.75 TA7205AP 1.50 TBA810AS 1.35 TDA2590 2.96
current 40 m/a. £13.50 for 50 + VAT; £24 for 100 + VAT; £108 for 500 + AN240P 2.80 ML237B 1.95 TA7222AP 1.80 TBA8200 1.45 TDA2591 2.95
AN7150 2.96 ML2388 4.20 TA7227P 4.25 TBA890 2.50 TDA2593 2.96
VAT; £190 for 1,000 + VAT; £875 for 5,000 + VAT; £1,600 for 10,000 + BA521 3.35 ML920 4.12 TA7310P 1.80 TBA920 1.66 TDA2600 3.15
VAT. Sample 10 sent for £3 + £1 p&p (£4.60 inc. VAT). ETT6016 1.75 ML928 1.66 TA7313AP 2.96 TBA9200 1.65 TDA2610 2.60
HA1151P 2.50 MSM5807 8.75 TAA550 0.25 TBA950 2.35 TDA2611A 1.95
HA1366W 1.95 PLL02A 5.75 TAA570 1.80 TBA950/2X 2.35 TDA2640 2.60
LA4031P 2.70 SAA1025 7.25 TAA66113 1.20 TBA990 1.49 TDA2690 1.35
LA4102 2.95 SAA5000A 306 TAA700 1.70 TBA9900 1.49 TDA3560 3.96
BRITISH MADE TRANSFORMER, input 240V at 50Hz, output 12V -0-12V at LA4400 4.15 SAA5010 6.35 TBA1208 0.70 TBA1441 2.16 TDA3950 1.95
1/2 amp, with built-in thermal overload cutout. P.C. mounting. £25 for 10 + LA4422 2.50 SAS5605 1.60 TBA120S 0.70 TCA270 1.10 UPC566H 2.96
LC7120 325 SAS570S 1.60 TBA120SA 0.70 TCA270S0 1.10 UPC575C2 2.75
VAT; £115 for 50 + VAT; £210 for 100 + VAT; £950 for 500 + VAT; £1,700 '
LC7130 3.50 SASS80 2.86 118A120S0 0.70 TCA650 2.50 UPC1001H 2.50
for 1,000 + VAT. Sample sent for £3 + 75p p&p (£4.31 inc. VAT). LC7131 9.50 SL490 1.96 TBA120T 0.70 TCA800 2.16 UPC1025H 2.50
LC7137 5.60 SL901B 4.86 TBA120U 1.00 TCA830S 1.40 UPC1156H2.75.
LM324N 0.45 SL917B 6.66 TBA231 125 TCA940 1.66 UPC1182H 2.95
LM380N 0.95 SL1310 1.80 TBA395 1.50 TDA440 2.20 UPC1185H 3.95
LM383T 2.95 SL1327 1.10 TBA396 0.75 TDA1004A 2.20 UPC1350C2.95
STEREO CASSETTE FRONT LOADING REPLAY MECHANISM for in-car LM390N 1.96 SL13270 1.10 TBA440N 2.55 TDA1006A 2.50 UPC2002H 1.95
entertainment. Complete with motor and pre -amplifier. Manuf. in U.K. M51513L 2.30 SN76003N 1.66 T0A480(1 1.25 TDA1010 2.16 ZTK33B 0.50
TDA1035 2.50
under licence of STAAR S.A. £45 for 10 + VAT; £205 for 50 + VAT; £375 M51515L 2.96
M83712 2.00
SN76013N 1.66
SN76013ND
TBA510
TBA5100
1.65
1.66 TDA1037 1.95
555
723
0.35
0.50
for 100 + VAT; £1,700 for 500 + VAT. Sample sent for £5 + £1.50 p&p MC1307P 1.00 1.86 TBA520 1.10 TDA1170 1.95 741 0.35
(£7.48 inc. VAT). MC1310P 1.50 SN76023N 1.65 TBA520Q 1.10 1DA1170S 1.96 747 0.50
MC1327 0.95 . SN76033N 1.65 TBA530 1.10 TDA1190 2.15 748 0.35
MC1327Q 0.95 SN76110N 0.89 TBA5300 1.10 TDA11700 3.95 4042 0.50
MC1330P 0.76 SN76131N 1.30 TBA540 1.25 TDA1327 1.70 7805 0.60
MC1349P 1.20 SN76226DN 1.66 TBA5400 1.35 T0A13528 1.43
CHERRY E61 sub -miniature micro switches with common NO -NC MC1350P 0.76 SN76227N 1.05 TBA5500 1.45 TDA1412 0.85
contacts. Rated at 5 amps on 125-250V A.C. Internal heavy duty contact MC1351P 1.60 SN76532N 1.40 TBA560C 1.45 TDA2002 1.95
I.C. DATA
MC1352P 1.00 SN76533N 1.30 TBA560C0 1.46 T0A2020 2.45
gold plated for long life. £15 for 100 + VAT; £67.50 for 500 + VAT; £125 MC1357 2.35 SN76544N 1.30 TBA570 1.00 1DA2030 2.80 a00KB
for 1,000 + VAT; £550 for 5,000 + VAT. Sample 10 sent for £2 + 50p p&p MC1495 3.00 SN76650N 1.05 T6A641Al2 TDA2522 1.96 óN covering
(£2.88 inc. VAT). MC140118CP SN76660N 0.80 2.50 1DA2523 1.96
0.32 SN76666N 0.70 TBA641BX1 TDA2524 1.95 U 2covering
Reegq lalon
MC1723 0.50 TA7061AP 3.95 3.00 TDA2530 1.54
MC3357 2.25 TA7108P 1.00 TBA641-81 1 3.00 TDA2532 1.96 Lt.Bóeaah
SPEAKERS, CHASSIS TYPE, size 67mm x 67mm, 35 R at 0.3 Watts. £5 for

10 + VAT; £23 for 50 + VAT; £42 for 100 + VAT; £190 for 500 + VAT; £350
RCM6335 0.
SEMICONDUCTORS BD140 0.30 BF355
BF362
0.37
0.38
SKE5F0.32
for 1,000 + VAT. Sample sent for 60p + 40p p&p (£1.15 inc. VAT). BD144
00159
1.10
0.65 8F363 0.38
T1P29
TP29C
0.40
0.42
AAY12 0.25 BC172C 0.10 00166 0.46 BF371 0.20 TIP30C 0.43
AC126 0.22 BC1738 0.10 01)179 0.72 BF394 0.19 TIP31C 0.42
Terms C.W.O. Please add 5% to all orders for carriage plus 15% VAT. Export enquiries AC127 0.20 BC174 0.09 BD182 0.70 8F457 0.23 T1P32C 0.42
welcome. We find it impossible to advertise all we stock. Please telephone or write for AC128 0.20 BC174A 0.09 0D201 0.83 BF458 0.28 0p338 0.75
further enquiries. Personal callers always welcome. AC128K 0.32 BC177 0.19 BD202 0.85 BF459 0.36 TIP348 0.75
AC141 0.28 BC178 0.15 8D203 0.78 BF595 0.23 T1P41A 0.45
AC141K 0.34 BC182 0.10 8D204 0.70 13F597 0.25 TIP41C 0.45
AC142K 0.30 BC182LB 0.10 BD222 0.46 BFR39 023 TIP42C 0.47
AC176 0.22 BC183 0.12 B0223 0.48 BFR40 023 TIP47 0.66
SPRINGHELD HOUSE AC176K 0.31 BC183L 0.09 130225 0.48 BFR41 028 bpi 20 0.80
TYSSEN ST, LONDON E8 AC187 0.25 . BC184L8 0.09 BC232 0.35 BFT42 0.28 T1P142 1.75
AC187K 0.28 BC204 0.10 80233 0.35 13F143 0.28 11P146 1.75
TEL 01-249 521 7
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT CO TELEX 8953906 EECO.G
AC188
AC188K
0.22
0.37
BC2078
BC2080
0.13
0.13
80234
00236
0.35
0.45
BFW92
BFX29
0.86
0.30
TIP161
T1P2955
2.96
0.80
AD142 0.90 BC212 0.09 B0237 0.40 BFX84 0.28 TIP3055 0.55
AD143 0.92 BC212L 0.09 130238 0.40 BFX85 0.32 T9591 0.20
WW - 060 FOR FURTHER DETAILS AD149
AD161
0.70
0.39
BC212LA
BC213
0.09
0.09
130241
130242
0.40
0.50
0FX86
BFX88
0.30
0.25
TV106/2
2N2219
1.50
0.28
AD162 0.39 BC213L 0.09 B0246 0.60 BFY50 0.21 2N2905 0.40
AD161/2 0.90 BC214 0.09 00376 0.32 BFY51 0.21 2N3063 0.40
AF115 0.75 BC214C 0.09 00410 0.55 BFY52 025 2N3064 0.59
AF124 0.34 13C214L 0.09 00434 0.55 BFY90 0.77 2143055 0.52
AF125 0.32 BC237 0.09 BD437 0.50 BRIO() 026 012
PRODUCTION 2N3702
POWER UNITS AF126
AF127
0.32
0.32
BC237A
BC237A
0.09
0.09
00438
00508
0.60
0.40
BR101
BRC4443
0.30
0.85
2N3703
2N3704
0.12
0.12
TESTING Now available with AF139
AF150
0.42
0.42
BC238
BC239
0.09
0.12
BD520
00538
0.65
0.65
BT106
AT108
1.00
1.22
2N3705 0.12
0.12
2N3706
AF239 0.42 BC251A 0.12 B0597 0.75 8T116 1.20
3 OUTPUTS AU106 2.00 BC252A 0.15 130697 1.10 8U105 1.22
2N3708
2N3773
0.12
1.75
AU107 1.75 BC258 0.39 B0698 1.10 BU108 1.69 2N4427 1.50
AU710 2.00 0C258A 0.39 130707 0.75 13U124 1.00 2N5294 0.38
DEVELOPMENT AU113 1.86 BC284
BC300
0.30
0.30
BDX32 1.50 BU126 1.22 2N5296 0.48
8C107 0.10 BF115 0.35 BU204 1.66 2N5298 0.62
BC107A 0.10 BC301 0.30 BF127 0.24 BU205 1.30 2N5496 0.66
BC107B 0.10 BC303 0.26 BF154 0.12 BU208 1.39 2SA715 0.95
BC108 0.10 BC307 0.09 BF158 0.18 BU208A 1.52 2SC495 0.80
SERVICING BC108A
BC108B
0.10
0.10
BC307A
BC3078
0.09
0.09
BF160
BF167
0.27
0.24
BU326A
BU3265
1.42
1.90
2SC496
2SC1096
0.80
0.80
BC109 0.10 BC327 0.10 BF173 0.22 BU407 1.24 2SC1172Y 220
BC109B 0.10 BC328 0.10 BF177 0.38 BU500 1.75 2sC1173 1.15
BC109C 0.10 BC338 0.09 BF178 0.26 BU526 1.90 2SC1306 1.00
BC114 0.11 13C347A 0.13 BF179 0.34 BUY69B 1.70 2SC1307 1.50
BC116A 0.13 BC461 0.35 BF180 0.29 MJ3000 1.98 2SC1449 0.80
Type 250VRU/30/25 BC117
BC119
0.19
024
BC478
BC527
020
020
BF781
BF182
0.29
0.29
MJE340
MJE520
0.40
0.48
2SC1678
2SC1945
125
2.10
BC125 0.12 BC547 0.10 BF183 029 MPSA12 0.20 2SC1953 0.95
BC140 0.31 BC548 0.10 13F184 0.28 MPSA13 0.20 2SC1957 0.80
BC141 025 BC549A 0.08 BF1B5 0.28 51P5A92 0.30 2SC1969 1.95
BC142 021 BC550 0.08 BF194 0.11 MRF450A 11.50 2SC2028 1.15
OUTPUT 1 0-30v, 25A DC BC143
BC147
0.24
0.09
BC557
BC557A
0.08
0.08
BF195
BF196
0.11
0.11
MRF453
MRF454
13.50
17.50
2SC2029
2SC2078
1.95
1.45
BC1478 0.09 BC557B 0.08 BF197 0.11 MRF475 2.50 2SC2091 0.85
0.08
OUTPUT 2. 0-70v, 10A AC BC148A
BC148B
0.09
0,09
BC558
BC558A 0.08
BF198
BF199
0.10
0.14
MRF477
0C23
10.00
1.50
2SC2166
2SC2314
1.95
0.80
BC149 0.09 BC558B 0.08 BF200 0.40 0C42 0.55 2SD234 0.50
BCY33A 1.60 0C44 0.56
OUTPUT 3 0-250v, 4A AC BC157
BC158
0.10
0.09 00115 0.30
BF241
BF245
0.15
0.30 0C45
0070
0.55
3N211 1.50
BC159 0.09 130116 0.52 BF246 0.28 0.45

BC160 028 BD124P 0.59 BF256/LC 0.28 0071 0.40
8C161 0.28 BD731 0.32 BF257 028 0081 0.50 Transistor
BC170B 0.10 80132 0.35 BF258 0.28 R20088 1.70 Equivalents &
BC171 0.08 BD133 0.40 BF259 0.28 R2010B 1.70 Data Books in-
BC171A 0.10 BD135 0.30 BF271 0.28 R2322 0.58 cluding Japan-
BC171B 0.10 80136 0.30 8F273 0.13 92323 0.66 eee types. Two
BC172 0.10 130137 0.28 13F336 0.34 92540 2.48 books. £8.50
PM,
ALL BC172B 0.10 B0138 0.30 BF337 0.29 RCA16334 0.90
Continuously DIODES CRT TUBES

0.40 N4001 0.04
Variable 13V199
BY206 0.14 N4002 804
AA119 0.08 BY208-800 0.33 N4003 0.04 A selection of tubes
BA102 0.17 BV210-8000.33
BY223 0.90
N4004
N4005
0.05
0.05
available. Prices avail -
BPI 15 0.13
BA145 0.16 BY298-400 022 N4006 0.06 able on request.
BA148 0.17 0Y299-800022 N4007 0.06
3BP1 D14-260GH
BA154 0.06 BYX10 0.20 N4148 0.02
BA155 0.13 BYX36-150R N4448 0.10 5BHP11 D14-250GH
BA156 0.15 020 N5401 0.12
BAX13 0.04 BYX38-6000 915402 0.14 5BKP1 DG7-32
VctLttcJo BAX16
BB105B
BT151
BY126
BY127
0.06
0.30
0.79
0.10
0.11
BYX55-600
BVX71-600
8ZY95C30
0A47
0.60
0.30
0.80
0.35
0.09
N5403
N5404
N5405*
N5406
N5407
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.16
13BP4
1768
CV429
DH7-11
DP7-11
M17-151GVR
13Y133 0.15 0A90 0.05 N5408 0.16 D10-210GH M38-121GH/R
0V164 0.46 0A91 0.06 TT44 0.04
VALRADIO LIMITED, BROWELLS LANE, FELTHAM BY176 1.20 0A95 0.06 D13-450GH/01 SE4DP7
MIDDLESEX TW13 7EN BY779 0.63 0A202 0.10 D13-481GM XP2020
ev1e4 IN914 0.04
Telephone: 01-890 4242/4837 0.35
D14-1206GH 95449GM

BA PCI AK ARD
PHONE P. M. COMPONENTS LTD TELEX eal

0474 813225 SELECTRON HOUSE, WROTHAM ROAD 965966
3 LINES MEOPHAM GREEN, MEOPHAM, KENT DAI3OQY WEST ST G
HAA91
tJ
1.00 PCF201 1.36 OV5-500 V339 3.60 2K25 17.50 6C4 0.90 12AG8 1.50 408A 4.00
A SELECTION FROM OUR HA8C80 0.90 PCF800 0.40 115.00 VLS631 12.00 3A/147J 7.50 6C6 0.60 12AL5 1.00 425A5 8.00
HBC90 0.75 PCF801 1.35 0Z0E20 29.00 VP2B 2.50 3A/167M 10.00 6080 126 12AT6 0.59 431U 2.00
STOCK OF BRANDED VALVES HBC91
HF93
0.80 PCFBO2
PCF805
0.80 610
016
4.0o
12.00
VP4A 4.b0 W 3.00 BC11 2.60 12AT7 0.55 572B 35.00
0.75 1.48 VP48 4.50 3A3A 3.00 6C15 2.50 12AT7WA 2.50 705A 8.00
A1714 1t.60 EA50 1.00 EF783 0.65 HF94 0.110 PCFBO6 1.00 618 t.00 VP6 2.60 3A6 1.10 6C18 2.50 2AU6 1.60 708A 8.00
A1998 11.50 EA76 1.96 EFiBd 0.66 HK90 1.% PCF808 1.25 Rt9 1.20 VP41 2.60 3AL5 0.% 6CA4 0.80 12AU7 0.56 71M 6.00
A2087 11.50 EA79 1.96 0E731 1.80 HL2K 3.50 PCH2O0 1.10 620 1.20 VP733 2.00 3Al2 1.75 6CA7 4.50 12AV8 0.80 715C 16.00
A2134 17.50 EAA91 0.00 EF732 1.00 HL23D0 4.00 PCL82 O.tO RG1-125 3.50 VR37 1.50 3AW2 3.35 8CB6 1.50 12AX4GT 1.00 801A 2.00
A2293 7.20 EABC80 0.% EF800 11.00 HL41 3.50 PCL83 2.60 RG1-240A VR75/30 3.00 3B2 3.00 8CD6GA 1.00 12AX7 0.80 803 10.00
A2426 22.50 EAC91 2.50 EF8045 9.36 HL41DD 3.50 PClbd 0.76 11.75 VR91 1.60 387 4.60 BCF6 1.60 12AX7WA 2.50 807 1.50
A2521 21.00 EAF42 120 EF6056 9.36 HL42D0 3.60 PCL85 O.tO RG3-250A VR701 2.00 3824 7.60 BCH6 8.66 12AYZ 4.00 810 56.00
A2599 37.50 EAF801 1.40 EF8086 9.96 HL90 0.70 PCL86 0.06 11.75 VR105/30 1.06 3B28 12.00 8CL6 3.50 12AZ7A 1.150 813 18.60
A2900 11.50 E834 1.50 EF812 0.116 HL92 1.50 PCL200 1.00 RG3-1250A VR150/30 1.06 3C4 1.00 8CL8A 2.00 128A6 0.75 813 USA 68.60
A3042 24.00 E841 2.00 EF1200 1.50 HL133/DD 3.50 PCL800 0.00 45.00 VT52 1.50 3C45 12.50 8CM5 1.80 128E6 1.06 833A 115.00
AC/HL/DD4.00 E891 0.62 EH90 0.72 HR2 4.00 PCL805 0.90 RK2K25 82.50 VU39 1.50 3CN3A 2.60 8CS6 0.75 12BH7 0.95 886A 3.00
ACP 4.00 EBC33 2.60 EK90 0.72 HY9O 1.00 PD500 3.50 RG41000 VX6120 6.00 3CX3 2.50 BCWd 4.00 128H7A 0.% 782A 16.00
AC/PEN 4.00 EBC41 1.15 EL32 0.% HVR2 3.00 P0510 3.06 10.00 VX9133 6.00 3021A 24.00 6CY5 1.00 12816 0.70 873 80.00
4.00 EBC81 0.85 EL33 4.00 KT8C 7.00 PENODD 2.00 RK-20A 12.00 VX9181 5.00 3W4GT 2.50 8DC6 2.00 12BY7A 3.75 884 5.50
AC/THI
AC/VP1 4.00 EBC90 0.75 0134 1.% KT33C 3.50 PEN25 2.00 RL76 1.60 W77 6.00 4-250A 36.60 60K6 0.% 12CX6 120 954 0.50
AC/VP2 4.00 EBC91 0.75 EL36 1.50 KT36 2.00 PEN4ODO 2.50 RPLiB 12.00 W729 1.00 4C27 25.00 6005 2.30 12E1 18.50 955 0.90
AC2/PENDD EBF33 2.50 EL37 8.00 KT41 4.00 PEN45 3.00 RPY13 2.60 W739 1.50 4C28 25.00 60117 2.00 12E14 28.00 958A 0.80
6.00 E8F80 0.50 E138 6.00 KT44 4.00 PEN46 2.00 RPY43 2.60 X24 1.00 4CX250B 37.50 6EÁ8 1.t0 12GN7 3.96 1299A 0.80
AH221 39.00 08E83 0.50 E141 2.00 K145 4.00 PFL200 126 RPY82 2.50 X79 3.80 4CX250R 4t.60 6EB8 1.10 12HG7A 3.% 2050 9.00
AH238 39.00 EBf85 0.95 E142 2.00 KT61 3.50 PL21 2.60 RR3-250 37.00 XC12 1.60 4CX350A 61.76 BEUG 1.10 12J7GT 0.70 3545 4.00
AL60 6.00 EBF89 0.70 E131 2.75 KT63 2.00 PL33 1.25 063-1250116.00 XC15 1.50 4067 2.215 6EW8 1.t0 12K5 1.00 4212E 170.00
ARP12 0.70 EBF93 0.96 E1.82 0.68 KT66 USA 6.00 PL36 0.96 RS613 46.00 XC25 0.50 4GV7 2.25 6f1 2.00 12K7GT 0.00 43130 {.00
A6P34 125 E817 1.50 EL83 3.50 KT68GEC 8.00 pL38 0.96 f19631 00.00 XC900 1.35 4X150A 29.50 6F6G 200 12K8 7.10 5642 6.60
ARP35 2.00 EBL21 2.00 E184 0.89 KT87 15.00 PL81 0.72 RSB85 30.50 XE3P 2.50 5A752M 1.00 6F12 1.60 12Q7GT 0.60 5651 1.75
AZ31 2.00 EC52 0.75 EL85 4.50 KT77 Gold Lion PL81A 0.72 RS688 62.16 XFW47 1.50 5A163K 10.00 6F13 3.00 12SA7GT 1.00 5850 1.%
BL63 2.00 EC80 4.25 E186 0.% 9.60 PL82 0.00 S6F77 8.00 XFW50 1.60 5A170K 6.25 6F74 1.00 12SH7 0.50 5670 3.50
BS450 67.00 EC81 4.50 E190 0.82 K181 7.00 P183 0.52 S6F33 36.00 X05-500 19.60 5AN8 1.20 6F77 3.00 72SK7 1.00 5675 16.00
8T5 49.50 EC86 1.00 E191 8.00 KT88USA 7.00 p184 0.66 S11E12 38.00 X11 -5V 1.50 5AR4 2.00 6F18 1.60 72SJ7 0.110 5687 3.50
6119 32.50 EC/38 1.00 EL95 0.70 KT88 GEC PL88 1.00 630/2K 12.00 XL509 4.% 5AU4 1.50 6F79 O.M 12SN7GT 1.36 5692 3.50
8179 12.50 EC90 0.70 E1183E 3.60 11.60 PL95 1.00 5704/1K 10.00 XNp12 2.50 50.110M 10.00 6F21 2.60 12U7 1.60 5696 2.56
CIK 18.00 EC91 7.00 EL183P 3.50 KT88 Gold Lion PL302 1.00 5109/1K 16.00 XNP28 2.50 58-254M 14.50 6F22 0.70 1303 320 5718 8.50
C3JA 19.00 EC92 1.25 E1360 7.95 12.60 PL345 12.50 6130 3.00 XP1002 29.00 58-255M 14.50 6F23 0.48 1307 3.20 5725 2.50
C7108 60.00 EC93 0.80 E1500 1.40 KTW61 2.00 pL500 0.85 SC1/800 6.00 XR1-1600A 58-257M 9.00 6F24 125 13E1 116.00 5726 1.50
KTW62 2.00 PL504 0.96 SC1/1200 5.00 29.00 5C22 40.00 6F25 1.25
88.B
C1134 17.50 EC96 7.00 E1504 1.40 14S7 1.00 5727 2.00
C1148A 00.00 EC97 1.10 EL508 1.90 KTW63 1.50 PL508 1.76 SC1/140012.00 XR1-3200A 5C100A 15.60 6F28 1.25 15E 1.00 5749 2.50
C1149/1 89.00 EC8010 6.00 01509 3.75 /CTZ 4.50 2.110 6F3311.60 1.75 2.00
C1534 32.00 ECC32 3.00 E1519 4.60 L63 1.00 PL511259 1.% SP2/2000 8.6% XR1-6400A % 5RR4GY 2.50 6FG6 17JZ817 1.011 57 51 1.50
CBL31 2.00 ECC33 3.60 E1802 1.40 1102/2K 8.00 P1802 3.25 SP41 5.00 128.00 5U40 0.76 6GH8A 0.00 1803 1.60 5763 3.50
CCA 2.90 ECC35 3.50 E1827 9.60 1120/2K 12.00 P1920 2.95 SP42 3.00 XSG2-0 3.00 5U400 2.50 60K5 1.00 19A05 0.70 5814A 2.75
CL30 2.00 ECC40 2.00 E1822 9.60 LCF801 1.35 P14 0.00 ST11 1.50 V83 2.60 5V4G 3.75 6GK6 2.00 1906 9.00 5840 3.50
CL33 2.00 ECC81 0.06 EMI 1.00 LCF200 1.35 P115 0.00 STV280/409.00 Y602 12.00 5Y3GT 0.80 6GV7 2.50 20A2 10.50 5842 6.50
CMG25 9.00 ECC81 Mulford EM4 9.00 LCH200 1.36 PY31 0.00 STV280/80 VJ7080 266.00 SZ4GT 0.% 6H3N 0.70 2007 0.70 5876 t.25
CVNosPrices 1.10 EM34 6.00 LF183 1.00 PY32 0.90 30.00 :21020 29.00 6/3012 0.70 6H6 1.35 2004 1.76 5879 3.90
on request ECC82 0.56 EM80 0 . 70 LF184 1.00 PY33 0.50 SU42 3.50 YL1060 15.00 6A/203K 9.00 6H6GT 1.20 201E6 3.50 5894 39.50
D83 1.20 ECC82 Philips EM81 0.70 1FL200 1.36 PY81 0.70 TB2.5/3000 YL7070 116.00 BABG 1.50 6J4 1.10 20L7 0.% 5899 4.50
DAF91 0.45 1.10 EM84 1.10 LY500A 1.75 PV82 0.70 110.00 VL7071 10l.00 BAB7 0.80 6J5 3.00 20P1 0.66 5983 1.50
DAF% 0.% ECC83 0.% EM85 1.10 M502A 136.00 PY83 0.70 162-300 46.00 YL7370 5.50 6A88 0.1111 BJ5GT 0.75 20P3 0.00 5965 225
DC70 1.75 ECC83Philipe EM87 1.10 M537A 100.00 PY88 0.62 TD7-100A Y11371 0.60 BAC7 1.00 BJ6 0.56 20P4 1.06 5993 000
DC90 1.20 1.10 EMM803 2.50 M5143 166.00 PY500A 1.79 1f.00 277 120 BAF4A 120 8J7 1.06 20P5 1.16 6005 3.50
DCX4-1000 ECC84 0.50 ENID 8.00 M8079 8.00 PY800 0.89 TD03-10F Z300T 5.00 BAG7 120 BJ7GT 126 25LBGT 1.76 8012 6.00
12.00 ECC85 0.50 EN32 10.60 M8083 3.25 PV801 O.M 13.00 Z302C t2.00 6AH6 1.00 8JB6A 336 25806 1.75 6057 1.86
DCX4-5000 ECC86 1.45 EN91 0.86 M8091 7.50 P230 0.80 TD3-12 4.00 1303C 9.00 6A.14 2.00 6JE8C 3.50 29C1 19.50 6059 3.75
35.00 ECC88 0.86 EN911601 2.50 M8096 3.00 013-11080. TP25 1.50 151356 15.00 OPJ7 2.00 &ISBA 3.60 30 2.% BOBO 1.50
DET70 0.00 ECC88 Mullard EN92 4.50 M8100 2.86 47.50 TSp4 7.00 Z520M 4.00 6AK5 0.80 6JS6C 3.50 30C1 0.70 6062 2.60
DET22 28.00 1.86 E61500 116.00 M8136 7.00 0B3-300 30.50 TT11 1.50 2521M 8.00 BAKB 2.00 6K4N 1.00 30C15 0.40 6063 2.00
0ET24 39.00 ECC91 0.06 E11 11.00 M8137 6.50 0E03-10 3.50 TT21 14.50TT2 Z7000 3.000 BALS 0.52 BK7G 0.70 30077 0.40 60642.50 1.%
30.00
.
0E125 ECC180 0.72 EY51 0.80 4.50 200 6067 1.50

DF91
22.00
0.46 ECC189 0.70 EY81 0.50 M8162
M8783
5.505.50
0P25 1.00
TV2Z725A11.40
46.00
Z759 24.00 6AM5 6.00 BL 2.50 30F5 8 0.% 60 4.20
DF92 0.60 ECC801S 3.50 EY83 1.50 3.86 Z8000 3.00 6AM8 120 6L6GC 2.50 30F11 0.96 6080 4.50
0F96 036 ECC8036 3.50 EY84 0.00 M8190 3.86 0QE02-512.76 TY4-400 86.00 Z801U 3.00 6AN5 2.00 61807 1.00 30F12 0.85 6080WA 8.50
DH63 120 ECC804 0.80 EY84W 10.00 M8195 3.00 00E03-12 5.50 1:7-60000. Z003U 13.50 BANBA 216 617 0.66 30F112 1.10 6096 2.%
0H77 0.% ECC807 1.95 EY%/87 0.50 M8196 325 00E03-20 250.00 ZÁ7000 9.00 BAQ5 0.62 6LD20 0.110 30F113 1.10 8132 10.00
DH79 0.56 ECCBOB 2.25 EY88 0.00 M8204 2.00 27.00 TY8-600W ZA1001 1.50 BAR5 2.00 61F8 2.% 3pFL14 1.86 8136 2.60
DH749 200 ECC2000 12.00 EY91 3.50 M8223 2.00 00E06-40 250.00 ZÁ7002 1.50 BARB 2.00 6106 2.95 3011 0.46 61480. 4.98
131(91 030 ECF80 0.116 EY500A 1.50 M8224 2.00 39.60 TYS2/250 ZC1040 0.00 BASS 1.50 6N7GT 1.60 30115 0.00 81488 4.99
DK92 1.20 ECF82 0.00 EV802 0.70 M8225 2.00 00V02-812.76 375.00 ZM1001 6.00 6AS7G 0.00 6P15 0.90 30117 0.60 8201 2.50
0596 2.50 ECF86 125 E235 0.80 ME1400 4.00 00V03-106.50 U18-20 200 ZM1005 0.00 6AT8 0.75 6P25 4.00 30P4MR 1.00 6211 2.50
DL35 1.00 ECF200 1.86 0240 126 ME7401 29.60 00V03-20 U79 11.% ZM7020 0.00 BALM 2.00 6P28 2.00 30P72 1.00 6267 1.50
DL63 1.00 ECF202 1.% E241 125 ME1403 2930 17.00 U22 1.00 ZM7021 5.00 BAUB 0.66 807 120 30P18 0.60 6350 2.00
1:870 2.50 ECF801 0.36 E280 0.76 MEI501 14.00 0QV03-200. U24 2.00 ZM1023 8.00 BAVE 0.72 667 1.10 30P19 1.00 6360 4.50
01.73 2.50 ECF804 0.00 E281 0.56 MS4B 5.50 17.00 U25 0.68 ZM1041 14.00 6AW8A 2.50 6SA7GT 1.00 30PL1 2.50 6386 14.60
D191 1.50 ECF805 2.50 E190 0.98 MU14 1.50 OQV03-208 U26 0.90 ZM1050 14.00 688G 0.75 6SC7 1.20 30P113 0.60 6545 8.50
01_92 0.50 ECF806 1026 FW4/500 200 N37 13.50 32.00 037 9.00 2M1080 12.50 68A6 0.50 6507 120 30PL74 226 6550 7.00
DL93 1.10 ECH3 2.50 FW4/800 2.00 N78 16.60 0QV06dOA U47 0.70 ZM1084 10.00 68A6W 2.50 6SH7 1.20 31JS6A 2.95 6550A 7.00
DL% 2.50 ECH4 3.00 G1/371K 30.00 0A2 050 2.00 ZM1202 56.00 68A7 3.75 8S.17GT 120 35A5 4.50 6870 11.60
01.610 t.00 ECH35 125 G55/1K 9.00 0A2WA 1.50 00203-20 U54 4.50 2M1263 4.00 68A8A 3.50 6SK7 0.80 351601 2.00 68890 0.50
DLS76 10.00 E42 1.00 G180/2M 9.00 0A3
082
3.96
0.80 00206-40A
29.00 U82
U191
3.00
0.70
ZM1612
2T1011
3.00 68C8
6804
1.00
1.50
6SK7GT
6SL7GT
120
072
35W 0.70 7025 2.60
DM70 1.10 ECH81 0.58 G240/20 9.00 29.00 3523 1.86 7027A 4.96
DM160 2.75 ECH83 0.71 G400/1K 14.00 082WA 125 4625 U192 1.00 1AC6 120 68D6 1.00 6SN7GT 0.89 38HE7 4.50 7032 2.00
DY51 1.00 ECH84 0.89 GC108 11.60 0C2 2.50 0S72/20 1.50 U193 0.06 1B3GT 1.60 6BE8 0.72 6507 0.80 47 6.00 7059 250
DY80 1.20 ECH2000 1.50 GC100 11.80 0C3 1.05 0575/40 3.00 U251 1.00 105 260 BBF5 1.10 6657 1.50 5085 1.50 7189 2.50
DY86/87 0.56 ECM 0.80 GC10/4B 11.50 OD3 1.70 OS92/10 5.00 U291 0.50 1822 10.00 6BG6G 125 8U40T 1.75 5005 0.85 7199 3.20
DY802 0.80 ECL82 0.80 GC10/4E 11.60 0M4 1.00 OS95/10 4.95 0301 0.56 1824 10.00 6BF5 1.00 6U50 2.50 50006G 1.15 72d7 2.00
E1T 9.00 EC183 1.15 GC12/4B 12.00 0M58 3.00 0S708/45 {.00 U801 0.76 1C7 120 BBHB 1.110 BUB 0.50 52KU 2.00 7360 7.50
B120
E55L 21.50 ECL84 0.74 GD86W 8.00 OMS 1.75 0S150/15 6.00 UABC80 0.86 1C5GT 1.00 68918 1.00 6U8A 1.00 57 2.50 7475 6.00
EBOCC 7.00 ECL85 0.89 GDT120M 5.00 OM9 4.00 QS150/30 1.15 UAF42 1.00 105 1.00 8&18 1.06 BVBGT O.tO 61SPT 4.50 7551 1.60
E80CF 10.00 ECL88 0.74 6E70 9.00 06P43 4.00 0S150/45 7.00 U8F80 0.50 1FD1 0.90 6BK4 2.76 6X2N 1.00 7581 1.60 7558 1130
E80F 9.50 ECL805 0.09 GN4 6.00 ORP50 11.60 0S1200 336 UBC41 126 1G3GT 1.00 BBK7A 1.50 8X4 0.% 75C1 7581A 3.00X5GT
E801 9.50 E05100 3.50 GN70 15.00 P81 2.50 051202 1.% UBCBt 1.00 114 0.00 88M8 0.66 0.60 76 1.50 7586 0.00
E81CC 3.50 EF22 250 GR10G 4.00 P41 2.50 OS1203 4.15 iUBF89 0.00 116 1.60 BBN4 126 BXBA 226 63A1 7.00 7591A 3.00
E811 9.50 EF37A 2.00 GR1OJ 4.00 PABC80 0.50 0S1205 3.96 00121 125 1LA6 1.00 BBN6 1.30 7A7 2.00 84 3.00 7888 3.50
E82CC 3.50 EF39 1.00 GS10C 12.00 PC86 075 0S1206 1.06 UC92 0.% iN5GT 2.50 BBN7 3.50 7A07 1.75 85A1 5.40 8012 1.20
E83CC 3.50 EF41 3.50 GS10H 12.00 pC88 075 QS7207 0.80 UCC84 0.70 1S2 0.56 6BN8 2.00 787 1.40 85A2 2.00 8136 1.00
0%
-
083F 3.50 Ef42 2.50 GS12D 12.00 PC92 QS7208 0.90 UCC85 0.110 1Td 0.46 6805 0.60 7C5 2.50 90AV 10.00 8298A 4.%
EB6C 9.50 EF50 1.50 GT1C 17.00 PC97 100 QSt209 2.00 UCF80 1.00 tU5 1.00 6B07A 0.72 7C6 2.60 9007 2.60 8417 l.00
EBBC 0.00 EF55 2.25 GT1C S/S 13.00 p0800 1.10 OS1210 1.50 UCH21 120 1X28 1.15 61318 0.66 7917 1.60 90CG 11.% 9001 0.90
E88CC 2.110 EF77 1.60 GTE776M 0.00 PC900 076 AS7211 1.50 UCH41 1.20 2AS15A 10.00 6865 070 707 2.00 91AG 9.00 900fi 0.90
E90CC 5.00 EF72 1.20 GTR750W 1.00 PCC84 040 0S1212 320 UCH42 1.36 2C21 1.00 8867 3.76 7S7 3.00 92AG 10.00 18042 7.60
E9OF
E91H
E92CC
9.00
3.50
2.60
EF73
EF80
EF83
1.00
0.%
3.60
GU20
GU50
GXU1
70.00
1130
13.50
%
PCC85
PCC89
064
070
070
0S1213
OS7215
QS7218
5.00
2.10
6.00
UCH81
UCL82
0f41
0.110
0.76
1.15
2C39A 14.50
2C39WA 24.00
2C40 37.00
8868
8868A
6857
120
1.20
3.75
7V4
1007
10C2
1.00
6.50
0.70
92AV
95A1
108C1
10.00
6.60
1.50
18045 10.00
E1301. 13.00 EF85 0.50 GXU3 24.00 pCC189 070 0U37 16.00 0F42 1.15 2C443.1156.00 6136131.t8 1002 1.26 15082 3.00
E180CC 8.50 EF86 0.70 GXU50 12.50 pCC805 070 0V03.12 3.60 UF80 0.00 2C42 17.00 68W4 1.30 10F7 0.75 150C2 1.60
E182CC 9.00 EF89 0.86 GY501 120 PCC806 080 0V05-25 1.76 UF89 1.10 2043 17.00 88W8 4.60 ',10GK8 1.% 150C4 1.50
0180F 5.25 EF91 1.35 GV802 1.00 PCE82 00 690 QVOB-20 20.60 ÚL41 2.25 2C51 0.75 68W7 0.75 101.14 2.50 155UG 25.00
E188F 0.60 EF92 2.60 GZ30 7.00 pCFBO 066 QVOB-100 ÚL84 0.711 2053 3200 68W8 4.00 '101.18 0.711 18501 1.50
E280F if. EF93 0.86 G231 1.00 PCF82 080 110.60 005 2.50 287 1.50 68X6 0.48 101011 1.00 205F 12.00
E283CC 7.50 EF94 0.66 G232 1.00 PCF84 086 QY3-125 30.50 UU7 5.00 2D21 0.96 66X7GT 3.00 101012 0.85 257A 0.00
E288CC 13.60 EF95 2.50 0233 4.60 PCF86 120 0V4-250 65.00 UU8 800 2D21W 2.50 8026 2.00 . 11E2 16.60 307 500
E810F 10.00. EF97 0.90 0234 2.15 PCf87 040 QYdi00 66.00 0V41 226 2E28 12.00 I 8827 2.50 i11E3 66.00 329 6.00
01148 1.00 EF98 0.% G237 4.60. PCF200 1.35 UY85 0.70 '2,142 03.00 6828 0.96 . 12AE6 0.85 388A 17.50
WIREWOUND RESISTORS BASES ETC. ZENER DIODES t

PREFERRED VALUES B7G 0.16 BZX81 0.15 CALLERS WELCOME
467-1K9
2K2 -6K9
0.15
0.19
67G Skirted
080
0.30
0.70
6V2 7V5 8V2 9V1 OV 11V 12V 13V
15V 16V 18V 20V 22V 24V 27V 30V
33V 36V 35V 47V 51V 56V 68V 75V
*
ENTRANCE ON A227
Watt 10K 024 09A 020
BZY88 0.07 50 YDS SOUTH OF MEOPHAM GREEN
BM Skirted
647.41(7 0.19 0.30 2W 3V 3V3 3V6 3V9 4V3 4W 5V1
5K6 -12K 0.19 0108 0.16 5V6 6V2 6V8 7V5 8V2 9V1 10V 11V CAR PARKING AVAILABLE
9tatt
Watt 96
15K -22K 0.20 8
8138
Pin
0.50
DIL 0.10
14 Pin DIL 0.12
12V 13V 15V 18V 20V 24V 27V 30V
* HOURS:
* 24MON.-FRI. 9.00-5.30. SATURDAY 9.30-12.00
HOUR ANSWERPHONE SERVICE *
11 Watt
16.10K 0.20
14 Pin DIL/Q
0.90
TI Mt rn 1 IA ACCESS AND BARCLAYCARD ORDERS WELCOME
* MANY OTHER ITEMS AVAILABLE *
15K -22K 024
16 Pin DIL 015 VA1040 0.23 7V Power mike
11310K 0.26 OCTAL 0.36 VA1056S 0.23 batteries
00 CANS 027 VA1104 0.70 TR175 01.40.. UK ORDERS P&P 50p PLEASE ADD VAT. AT 15%
17 Watt 15K -22K 028 89A PCB 0.15 VA8650 0.46 other prices on
B5 0.75 VA1097 0.26 request EXPORT ORDERS WELCOME. CARRIAGE/POST AT COST
WW B

ANGLIA
NmhÎt
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF COMPONENTS, KITS
INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL AUCTIONS
Specialist Auctioneers to the
AND MODULES IN THE WORLD & THERE'S ONLY ROOM FOR A Radio and Electronic Industry
FRACTION HERE, GET THE CATALOGUE AND FIND THE REST.
BAND 2 TUNERHEADS (Varicap Tuning) 5 Station Road, Littleport, Cambs. CB6 10.E
E F5804
2 MOSFET of stages MOSFET mixer,
Telephone: Ely (0353) 860185
JFET IF preamp, with internally ampli-
fied PIN diode AGC. Tuning voltage
for 88-108MHz is 2.8V. Buffered LO
output. AGC Input
145 x 70 x 24mm. AUCTION SALES
Stock No. 1-24 25+
40-05804 Blt 24.95 19.65 of over 700 Lots
7255 The latest complete FM Electrical Components & Equipment
tunrhead from RF input to
stereo output. MOSFET RF Large and Small Quantities
stages, HA11225 IF and
K84437 stereo decoder. 7255 spacial offer price.
£30.00 plus VAT Forthcoming sales to be held on the following
911225A The 911225A
'edited' and shrunk into a
is the 7230
screened
dates:
metal case, 97 x 56 x 24mm. The
unit is ideally suited to with
27th October, 1982; 1st December, 1982; 12th
synthesised tuner systems.
Stock No 1,24 25+
January, 1983; 16th February, 1983; 23rd
40-91225 Built 20.82
944378 'Hyperfï series decoder module
16.25 March, 1983; 27th April, 1983; 1st June, 1983;
with the TOKO KB4437 pilot cancel 6th July, 1983; 10th August, 1983; 14th Sep-
--/ PLL IC birdy filter and the K84438 muting stereo
audio preamp with 26/38kHz pilot tone filtering. tember, 1983; 19th October, 1983; 23rd
Stock No. 1.24 25+
November, 1983.
-
40-04378 Built 19.95 1805

DFCMSOO Wide range digital frequency/
capacitance meter. Frequency ranges;
1, 0.1MHz, 1-50MHz and 80-500MHz. 8 digit
LED display, mains or Ni -Cad battery operation
Catalogues available 10 days prior to sale,
Stock No.
40-01500 Kit
1.24
95.95
25+
86.50
price 60p inc. p&p or for each sale for a year
AUTOBRIDGE
£5.
An Automatic power trecking VSW R and self
ranging power meter. Complete Kit: All PCBs,
board mounted components, meters, case
(undrilledi, transformer etc. Entry forms on application. Although entries
Stock No: 40.40400 62.86 * £1.50 P&P
for cataloguing may be received up to 17 days
FET DIP OSCILLATOR before the date of the sale, customers are
An essential piece of test equipment for the RF
constructor. GOO or WM function covering 1.6.
215MHz in five ranges. Audio and meter
advised to enter early.
indication. Kit includes; fibre glass PCB, all c
ponente, all hardware, punch, painted and screen
printed ease, wire etc. for coils and printed scale.
Stock No: 1.24 25+
40-16215 Kit 17.90 16.20
10.MHz SSB GENERATOR
PCB, All components, eight -pole crystal
filter.
Price
Stock No.
4010700 £29.65 LOW DISTORTION
R&EW PROJECT AND DATABRIEF PCBs
High quality glass fibre printed circuit boards
AUDIO SIGNAL GENERATORS
for projects and Datebriefs published in Radio
& Electronics World.
27MHz Deviation Meter £1.98
PA105 £3.39 DISTORTION .002% (1Khz)
TV Pattern Generator
MC145151
£5.70
£2.57 Model Range 10hz -
100 khz
2m Preamp £0.97 Output 1v rms (600 ohms)
KB4417 (Undrilled) 53.60 149 ba Sine/Square
0.30V PSU £3.92 Coarse/Fine Attenuation
2m PA Mk 11 £5.14
ULN3859 (Undrilled) 53.84
SSB Exciter
HA12017
£3.37
£2.16
£41.60
UP Converter £4.75 (P&P £2.25)
Based on a Linsley Hood design
2m PRE -AMP
Very compact low -noise MOSF ET 2m pre-
amp. Gain 22dB. Noise figure, less than 1.5dB, Also available in kit form and alternative versions, i.e.: battery or mains. With or without
I/p and o/p impedance; 50 ohm size: 34 x 9 frequency meter.
x 15mm. From April'82 R&EW.
Stock No. 1.24 250 Literature on these units, R.F. Sig. Gen., T.H.D. meters, MVMT, Function Generators and
40-14400 Kit 2.55 2.30
many other instruments is available on request.
70cm PRE -AMP TELERADIO ELECTRONICS, 325 FORE STREET, LONDON N9 ORE
Compact low -noise preamp. Gain at 433MHz. Telephone 01-807 3719 Closed Thursdays
13dB. I/P and O/P impedance 50ohms. Size
50 x 10 x 17mm. From March '82 R& E W
Stock No. 1.24 25+
40-07000 Kit 3.90 3.60
G1e
.
2m POWER AMP
20 wart 144MHz linear power amplifier. 10d8
gain, 2W input - 20W output. Automatic CLEF ELECTRONIC MUSIC
,
r switched relay. Bypasses power amp in
mode. Developed from original class C version
in Dec 81 R&E W. High power output relay.
Pre.drilled heatsink, Optional RX preamp. Kit
'PIANOS SPECIALISTS SINCE 1972
DOMESTIC OR STAGE -KitMfd
f:314
X
An Electronic Backing
I t,4 i _
only.
Stock No.
40-14421 Less Preamp
40-14422 With Preamp
1-24
28.50
30.40
25+
25.65
27.36
SIX OR 7Ye OCTAVES
KITS OR MANUFACTURED
The most advanced

VTNSTRU £39
TRIO. Drums, Bass &
Chord Instrument.
User Programmable
for 50-100 scores,
MENTALSOLOISTSI usine micro. roc .
form of touch sensi

AND THERE'S PLENTY MORE IN THE CATALOGUE 70p inc. tive action simulat- swim RNTINNI
ing piano key inertia User Programmable
RETAIL SHOP OPENING HOURS NOW IN STOCK
by patented tech-
nique.
DRUM MACHINE.
Twenty-four patterns.
Monday to Thursday 8.30-6.30 MF10 - National's new Dual
Four mixable voices
Eight parallel tracks.
Switched Capacitor Filter. Twelve instruments
Friday 8.30-8.30 Saturday 9.00-5.30 -
Price 15.05
for serious lone sequence yperetion. f79 KIT Ê119 BUILT
Barclaycard orders accepted) variation plus
(Access + electronic chorus Write or Phone for full details of our range et -
and Hanger effects. high quality Kit and manufactured Electronic
ALL PRICES SHOWN EXCLUDE VAT. P&P 50p per order. Musical Instruments. Prices include V.A.T., Carr.,
Component Kits in- & Ins. and we operate Telephone BARCLAY-
© Ielle
DOMESTIC PRICES
AMBIT INTERNATIONAL DEPT. WW clude Keyboard. CARD/ACCESS.
Com. -- fitine EXPORT Quotations iven.
200 north Service Road, Brentwood, ESSEN Fug Kits further con-
® 13.
Comp 234 266 tain: Cabinets, Har-
LIMITED
TELEPHONE !STD 02771 230909 TELEX 995194 AMBIT G POSTCODE CM144SG
ic3I ness,
and
Power
Speaker.
Amp
Dept. W, 44. iviceermallLane South
Bramn.,,, Ste r rt, Uhesnrre SK7 IAH
11EME
WW - 080 FOR FURTHER DETAILS 1-439 s a'

ELECTRON IC
HOßßIEt FAIR.
Alexandra Pavilion London November 18 -21 1982
The biggest and best event ever to be
staged for the
electronic hobbies enthusiast!
Walk into a whole world of electronic stations in the country direct to Alexandra
equipment. - Everything from resistors, IC's to Palace -a bus will be waiting on your arrival to
home computers, transmitting and receiving take you to the show. Ticket price also includes
units, citizens band radio and peripheral admission to the exhibition - so let the train
equipment, video games, musical instruments, take the strain to the Electronic Hobbies Fair.
radio control models.... In fact whatever your
particular electronic hobby you'll find this show Ticket prices at the door are £2 for adults, £1 for
will be the most interesting and informative children but party rates are available for 20
way to discover all the latest developments in people or more. lb find out more, contact the
your particular field. Exhibition Manager, Electronic Hobbies Fair,
IPC Exhibitions, Surrey House, 1 Throwley Way,
Other attractions will include radio and TV Sutton, Surrey SM14QQ. Tel: 01-643 8040.
transmission, electric vehicles, radio controlled
models, and demonstrations by local and Electronic Hobbies Fair is sponsored by
national organisations. Practical Electronics, Everday Electronics and
This is the age of the train- British Rail are Practical Wireless and is organised by
offering a cheap rate rail fare from all major IPC Exhibitions Ltd.
OPENING TIMES
Thursday 18 Nov. -10.00-18.00
Friday 19 Nov. -10.00-18.00
Saturday 20 Nov -10.00-18.00
Sunday 21 Nov -10.00-17.00
ti
//0
f/

PCI 1002 IEEE THERMOCOUPLE CONVERTER
The PCI 1002 is a 12 Channel IEEE compatible
thermocouple converter having two input ranges
of ± 10mV or ± 100mV F.S.D. selected by an
internal switch. It has 12 Bit resolution of the A
to D converter giving a resolution of 0.06 deg.0
on 10mV range and covers all common
thermocouple types.
Cold Junction Compensation is provided giving a

resolution of 0.2°C on 100mV range and 0.02°C
on 10mV range.
Linearising software in Basic using optimised

coefficients for ranges and thermocouple types.
Two other channels are provided via BNC input

sockets on the front panel. Input ranges are I/V
for 10 mV range and + 10V for 100mV range.
C/L
CIL MICROSYSTEMS LTD
DECOY ROAD, WORTHING, SUSSEX.
TEL: 210474.
LTD
<'MICROSYSTEMS
High resolution graphics:

We put you in
the picture
This month, we home in on the picture -making aspect
-
of computers and report on four exciting and intriguing
developments: "Bit -stick", the joystick device which brings
out the artistic streak in Apple II; Apple II graphics for
chemists -a package that draws molecular structures; the
BBC micro as a colour graphics terminal, and how to store
screen designs as graphic pages within a memory.
Also this month, we report on the Commodore 64 -a
-
powerful computer with graphics facilities and a new
letter -addressing capability of Wordpro .. .
And that's just a sample of Practical Computing -

together with advice for users of Pet, Apple, Tandy and
Sinclair ZX 80/81 Computers. Buy Britain's leading
personal computer magazine.
NOVEMBER ISSUE OUT NOW
80p AT YOUR NEWSAGENT'S - BUT HURRY

HF ANTENNAS
* operation. half wave
MODE; Full
* frequencies. spot
BANDS; Up to 4 The toroidal transformer is now accepted as
the standard in industry, overtaking the
* POWER; Receive to
obsolete laminated type. Industry has been
quick to recognise the advantages toroidals
800W (PEP).
* channel.
SWR; Better than 1.5:1
Net offer in size, weight, lower radiated field and,
thanks to I.L.P., PRICE.
Our large standard range is complemented by our SPECIAL
on DESIGN section which can offera prototype service within
7 DAYS together with a short lead time on quantity orders which
can be programmed to your requirements with no price penalty.
THE SMC TRAPPED DIPOLE ANTENNA 5ERo.IES SEC ONDARYs * 294 TYPES TO CHOOSE FROM!
has been developed to satisfy the needs of commerical and military users. It is capable of rVPE pRICE
operation between 2 and 30 MHz on as many as four spot frequencies - each capable of
accommodating many channels. Excellent matching and efficiency with a single coaxial 30V6
N
1,010
Vo6
6+6
cRNurSrem
2.50
* ORDERS DESPATCHED WITHINI
70z 30m m 9+9 DAYS OF RECEIPT FOR SINGLE OR
feed is offered by the use of SMC H I Q traps and the incorporation of a ferrite belun in a
0.4500
16011
1,012 12+12
66
1.25
1
£5.12 SMALL QUANTITY ORDERS

full half wave design. NB: Fower absorbing terminating resistors are not employed. The n,er,
antenna may be deployed using one or two support masts, installation (incorporating SMC
light duty portable masts) can be easily effected by two people in half an hour.
Regulalrot,
18%
1,013
1,014
16015
15+15
18+18
22+22
1.00
0.83
0.68
, VAT
10v,,
rora
na
* S YEAR NO QUIBBLE GUARANTEE
16016 25+25 0.60
16017 30+30 0.50
SERIES SECONDARY RN5 PRICE
1YPE
50 VA 26010 6+6 4.16 No V.A. current
80:35mm 26011 9+9 2.77
HF SSB TRANSCEIVER 09Kg
Regulation
2:012
2:013
12+12
15+15
2.08 225VA 66012
110:451111: 66013
12+12
15+15
9.38
7 50
FT180 "PIONEER" HF SSB
TRANSCEIVER. 1.8-18MHz, 6
1J%. 2,014 18+18
1
66
1.38 £5.70 2.2 Kg 6:014 18+18 625
0,º1i p 22+22 511
channels 100 watts RF output
26015
26016
22+22
25+25 1.00
1 13
.v1111 0e
Raguqlron
7%
66015
6,016
66017
25+25
30+30
4 50
3.75
£9.20
L.7
measuring only 95(H) x 240(W) 26017
2.020
30+30
110
0.83
0 15
TOTAL lln 61018 35.35 321
º.o1100
x 310(D)mm and weighing 6kg. 2.029 66026 40+40 2.81
v0111 GI
May be operated as a base or 26030

220
240
0.22
0.20 66025 45.45 2 50
101.1
..°
mobile transceiver, comple- 8000 32010 6+6 6.61
66033 50+50 2.25
66028 110 2.04
menting our trap dipole and 903,30mm 36011 9+9 4.14 66029 220 02
HW4 mobile aerials. Prins start
1
,Kg 3,012 12+12 3.33 Q 6,030 240 0.93

at E500, making this unit not Regulalron
12%
3,013
3,014
15+15
18+18
2 66
2.22
£6.08 300 VA 76013 15+15 10.00
only very attractive but highly 3601' 22+22 181
º1r11er ,10050mm 7.014 18+18 8.33
competitive. 3:016 25+25 1 60 v., c1 ie 2.6 05 7:015 22+22 6.82 í1¡t.17
36017 30+30 1 33 101..., Regulalqn 76018 25+25 6.00 á. I U
3:028 110 0 72 6% 7:017 30+30 5.00
3,029 220 0 36 7.010 35+35 4.28
36030 240 0.33 40.40 3.75 'v"1p v
SOUTH MIDLANDS COMMUNICATIONS LTD. 120 VA 4601C 6+6 10.00
7:025 45+45 3.33 10.1114 00
7:033 50+50 3.00

90.40mm 46011 9+9 6.86 76028 110 232
OSBORNE ROAD, TOTTON Telex: 477351 SMCOMM G , 2 K 46012 12+12 5.00 7,029 220 1 36
SOUTHAMPTON SO4 4DN Tel: Totton (0703) 867333 Regulation
11%
4.013
4.011
15+15
/8+18
1.00
3.33 £6.90 7.030 240 125
4.015 22.22 2.72 , 500 VA 81016 25+25 10 00
4.016 25+25 210 11E9 140:60mm 6.017 30.+30 8 33
£13. 53
VAT
46017 30.30 2.00
n a,
4 Kg 8.010 35+35 7.11 I
á.
40.40
46018
4028
46029
35+35
110
220
1
1 09
0.54
71 Regulalpn
4%
84026
8.025
8.033
45+45
50.50
6 25
5.55
5.00 '
'
"'
"'
1l Je
4,030 240 0.50 0.042 55.55 4 54 101111e 2e
81028 110 1 54
16090 5:011 9+9 8.89 86029 220 2 27
910,4015m 5:012 12+12 6.66 86030 240 2.08
1.8Kg 5.013 15+15 5.33
0
£791
8
Regulation 56014 18+18 4 44 625 VA 9,017 30+30 10.41
8% 56015 22+22 363 ,.DS Ñe^'
o;;ó
PVEL £16.13
5,016 25+25 3 20 v1o11 11 º a;
5:017 30+30 2.66 , .T 11 u Regulatwn 9:025 45+45 6 94
35+35
o a x
9.033 50.50
,
56018 2 28 TO., r11 or 4% 6 25

5.026
5,029
40+40 2.00 96042 55+55 5 68 -'.1..
TO., 11'
1n0 1.45 9.028 110 5.68 0
5.029 220 0.72 96029 220 2.81
56030 240 0.66 96030 240 2 60
TRANSDUCER and RECORDER

IMPORTANT: Regulation -All voltages quoted are FULL LOAD. Please add regulation figure to
AMPLIFIERS and SYSTEMS secondary voltage to obtain off load voltage.
The benefits of ILP toroidal transformers

ILP toroidal transformers are only half the weight and height of their laminated
equivalents, and are available with 110V, 220V or 240V primaries coded as follows:
For 110V primary insert "X" in type number.
"0" in place of
For 220V primary (Europe) insert "X" in type number.
"1" in place of
For 240V primary (UK) insert "2" in place of "X" in type number.
How to order Freepost:
Use this coupon, or a separate sheet of paper, to order these products, or any
products from other ILP Electronics advertisements. No stamp is needed it you address to
Freepost. Cheques and postal orders must be crossed and payable to iOLP Electronics Ltd.
Access and Barclaycard welcome. All UK orders sent within 7 days of receipt of order for
reliable high single and small quantity orders.
performance & Also available at Electrovalue. Maplin and Technomatic.
N MI
practical controls.
individually
powered modules - Please send
mains or dc option Total purchase price

single cases and up I enclose Cheque Postal Orders Int. Money Orders I
to 17 modules in
Debit my Access/Barclaycard No.
standard 19" crates
small size -low Name
weight -realistic Address
prices.
Fylde Signature I
P.W.L
1
Post to: ILP Electronics Ltd., Freepost 5, Graham Bell House, Roper Close
J Electronic Canterbury CT2 7EP, Kent. England.
49/51 Fylde Road Preston

Laboratories Telephone Sales (0227) 54778: Technical (0227) 64723: Telex 965780 i
PR1 2XQ Limited. (a division of

Telephone 0772 57560 ILP Electronics Ltd)
WW - 017 FOR FURTHER DETAILS TRANSFORMERS

eve BULK BUYERS LIS
That will save you money...
FANS - BLOWERS PROJECT BOXES - RELAYS & RELAY BASES
-
CASES CABINETS Standard open relays 3 x 8 amp c/o contacts
6 volt dc coil . .. .90 110 volt ac coil .
24 volt dc coil . .50 230 volt ac coil . .
1 x 8 amp changeover, 230 volt AC coil
Enclosed plug in round base relays -3

changeover contacts
50 volt coil (ex fruit machine)
110 volt coil 2 changeover
12 volt coil 3 changeover
8 pin bases. Basses for 2 changeover relay
Black plastic boxes, 7/8 x 4 1/8 x 3 deep
2 . . .50 11 pin basses. Basses for 3 changeover relay
Ditto 3 5/8 x 23/4 x 1 3/4 deep . . .40 Miniature Relays: 12 volt 2 changeover
Ditto 3 7/8 x 33/8 x 1 deep . . . .30 12 volt 4 changeover
Plated metal box, 7% x 4% x 1 Y, deep . £1.00 24 volt
Snail type blower with inset mains motor. Smiths £2.50 48 volt
.
Dark grey half boxes. May be joined to make three
Extractor fan. 5" Woods, ex computer . £3.75 different depth boxes, 4 5/8 x 2 5/8 x 3/4 deep .
Tangential blower. 10 x 3" air outlet. Dual speed, . .20
£ 2.90 45/8x25/8 x1 deep
Ducting blower -
Large 1/8 H.P £1250 White plastic box ideal for touch switch, transmetter, etc.
.25
Medium 1/10 H.P. £10.00 Through top is square hole, 3'h x 3% x 3%
. .
. .50
. .
Loudspeaker cabinet for 6%" speaker . . .95

. .
LIGHTING & POWER CABLES

PORTABLE RADIO CASE -5" speaker, size
approx 64" x 3%" x 2" deep £1 00 a
COUNTERS
Copper Clad. PVC sheathed. Made by Volex to BSS.
1.5mm single
1.5mm flat twin
per 100 metres . £2.00 SWITCHES - ROCKER, TOGGLE, ETC.
per 100 metres . £3.50 . . .
Rocker switches white push into hole 1" x 7/16". All rate
1.5mm flat 3 core & E per 100 metres £5 50 10 amp, AC 250 volt. on/off
. . . .
6 mm single per 100 metres . . £3.00

6mm flat 3 core per 100 metres
. .
changeover centre off
. .£27.50 . .
on/off with neon
.
16mm flat twin & E per 100 metres £47.50

Telephone and multiway cables. Reliance as used by GPO push to make spring return
15 core push to break spring return
per 200 metres . £60.00
10 core
. . .
Larger two circuit one on one off with mounting plate . .
per 200 metres - £40.00
. . .
6 digit counter. Mains operated. Not resettable . 60 13 amp rocker switch. Car Fastener (DoT)
3 core and screened power flex cable: Ditto, But even numbers only Pistol Grip Switch: with lock -on as in electric drills
50
3 cores each 50.025 (equiv. 2.5mm) per metre . .40 . 6 digit counter. 48v DC, 115v AC. Resettable . . £1 00 Interlocking Switch: blow heater, 3 rockers, 10 amp
3 cores each 30.025 (equiv. 1.5mm) per metre .30 Tape counter resettable Micro switches. V3 types, 10 amp c/o contacts
3 cores each 24.02 (equiv..1mm) per metre
.
30p. .
.20 mains button operated: 15 amp c/o contacts .
Armoured Cable 1,5mm, 3 core .40 10 amp off/on

- BATTERY &
.
Extension lead. 3 cores..5mm pvc covered /100 M SOLENOIDS

Ext. lead. twin .5mm rubber covered /1000 metres
£9.50 .
MAINS 15 amp off/on
£60.00 .
Lever operated add .
Iron Flex. Woven cotton covered, rubber insulated Mains operated with plunger. Round small 60 Lever with roller operation add
2 core 100 metre £12 50 Oblong small .75 Miniature types: Burgess V4T6 c/o
FIGURE 8 FLEX Heavy Duty .75mm.600 metre . £19.00 Oblong medium . . £1.00 Two mounted with roller opera ir
Figure 8 Flex per 100 metres . £3.00 Large push or pull £3.50 Glass reed switches: 60 watt 10p.40 watt 5p.
T .
flat multi stackable 60 watt

Operating coils for reed switch multi voltage 3,6,9 or 12
Ceramic magnets Mallard. . . . .
Mini magnet
THERMOSTATS & HEAT SWITCHES
MAINS TRANSFORMERS
Thermostat: 3 level contact type 30
10 amp appliance type thermostst. Spindle adjust . 40 6 volt 1 amp .
Contact type with changeover, 10 amp switches, 6.3 volt 2 amp . £1.1
0 - 100°C 58
12 volt % amp !
Wall mounting, metal case, c/o contacts low valtage 12 volt 4 amp £2.1
£2 30 .
12 volt 1 amp . £1.(

8.5 - 0 - 8.5 1 amp £1.1
18 volt 1 amp £1.! .
35 volt 2 amp . £2.1

38 volt 2% amp £2.!
TIMERS & CLOCKSWITCHES 26 volt 10 amp £4.!
.
.ime and Set Switches. Smiths,

MOTORS - MAINS & BATTERY 50 volt 2 amp
12-0-122amp
£2.; .
£2.!
Glass fronted 25 Amp, 230 12 0 - 12 1 amp
- £2.1
volts £2.30
3 -6 volt battery motor, very small 15 100W auto 115v o/p£2.(
3 - 12 volt battery motor, very low current 20
24 Hour time switch. 100 amp
Mains motor with gear box: 5 rev minute £2 25
Smiths with clockwork reserve. . .
Ex -Electricity Company. 80 rev minute £3 00

£5.50
Cooker clock switch. Smiths, 110 rev minute £2 00 FLUORESCENT LIGHTING
12 hour 200 rev minute £1 50
£1 00
Mains motor, double ended fan motor £1 20
Clockwork operated switches: . . . .
15 amp, 230 volt. On time up to:

Ditto single ended fan motor £1.00 12 volt inverter for 21", 13w tube with lamp leads . £1 -
Fan blade for the above 50 Chokes for: 8' 125 watt tube E3
10 minutes £1.37 Mains motor, double ended, very powerful 1%" stack
.
6' 85 watt tube
. . .
30 minutes . £1.37 £1.50 £1'

. . .
Mains instrument motors t rev 24 hours £1.50 5' 65 watt tube £1.
120 minutes £1.37
.
. . .
with gear box: 1 rev 1 hour . £1.50 4' 40 watt tube £1.i
360 minutes . £1.37
. .
16 rev minute 2' 15/20 watt tube

. .
OMRON mini timer, . . £1.50 £1r

4 rev minute £1.50 12" 8 watt
ref STP NH £3.50
.....
.
2 rev minute Capacitor for 8' 125 watt choke

. .
. . . £1.50
1 rev minute . £1.50 ditto for 6' 85 watt choke
12" 8 watt miniature tube
2' 40 watt bi pin end tube 1%" diameter
BLEEPERS -SIRENS BELLS - 3' 30 watt bi pin end tube 1" diameter
-ALARMS BUZZERS - 1m 40 watt bi pin ends tube 1%" diameter
1m 25 watt bi pin ends tube 1%" diameter
5' 80 watt be ends tube 1%" diameter £1.1
6' 85 watt bi pin ends tube 114" diameter
8' 120 watt be ends tube 1%" diameter . £1.1
8' 120 watt bi pin ends tube 1%" diameter £1.;
Sign tube Philips 25 watt. '-W" shape £1.5
Motor, clockwork, set up to 1 hour 38

Motor, clockwork, set up to 1 hour with ringer 75
AMPLIFIERS
.
Mains motor % h.p. 1425 revs, ex computer . . . £4 25

Vent opening motor with end stop switches . . £12 50
12 volt motors, Smiths. single ended ''/." spindle £1 50 h watt, Japanese made with C.C. £1 5
-
Siren/Hooter Delta 6 or 12v DC or 24v AC . .37 12 volt motors, Smiths. double ended V.." spindle
.
. £2 00 1 watt, Mallard module 1172 £1 a

Open type buzzer, ex GPO, 10 - 20v 30 12 volt motors, P Magnet type, single ended . . £1 75 4 watt, Mini -amp with v c. £1 O
Fire alarm bell, 12" gong, heavy cast iron tonst. £12 00 1% h.p. motor 3450 rpm 100 volt. 50Hz. New . . £5 00 Pre -amp, Mallard Ref. 9001 module . 81

Approximately 100 tons of stock has to be cleared right away from our big We have listed mostof the items in our stores All goods are offered subject to
store, hence these very low price offers. Prices quoted are for bulk orders, min- being unsold and conditions of sale are as stated, but should you want more in-
imum order £100, minimum any item £12. VAT and carriage are extra, although formation contact Mr. Bull or Mr. Stepney between 12 - 4pm on (0444) 454563.
large orders not too far away will be delivered free. Contact us on this point.
Should you want a small quantity of any of the items as samples, for instance, J. BULL (Electrical) Ltd.
(DEPT. WW), 34 - 36 AMERICA LANE,
then send the listed price x 2, which will cover the VAT and postage on letter Established
post items. For heavy items, add the amount you think, bearing in mind that 30 YEARS
the smallest parcel now costs £1.35 and a 10 kilo parcel £3.25. HAYWARDS HEATH, SUSEX RH16 3QU.
ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS SWITCHES

IEM WHITE ACCESSORIES Miniature Make before freak
.ngle 1 way 5 amp switch 40 Wafer Switch:
wo -way & intermediate 5 amp switch 50
1 pole 12 way/ 2 pole 6 way 20p
win 2 way 5 amp switch 80
3 pole 4 way/ 4 pole 3 way 20p
riple 2 way 5 amp switch Et 20
6 pole 2 way/4 pole 2 way 20p
ouble pole 20 amp switch 75
2 pole 2 way/ 1pole 2 way 20p
,ouble pole 20 amp with neon 60
2 pole 12 way/4 pole 6 way 45p
attress shallow 20 Neon Mains indicators. Star dard 15 45p
6 pole 4 way/ 8 pole 3 way
itto - double deep 40 Extra small 25
12 pole 2 way 45p
letal Box 30 Bench isolation mains in 230/240v output. 250W . £4 50
.
15 6 pole 5 way/6 pole 6 way 70p

ee Junction box Mains input. Porcelain removable fuse 20 70p
50 9 pole 4 way/12 pole 2 way
3 amp spur with switch Light operated switch 12 volt. Encapsulated £1 25
18 pole 2 way 70p
3 amp spur 20 Insulating board. srbp etc. P.pprox 10 tons. Sheet size
3 amp fuses 10 for 50 4' x 4' or larger. Various thizknesses, price per Ib. .50
urface Switches brown way 5 amp1 15 Ditto, Tufnol, price per lb. £2 00
brown 2 way 5 amp 20 Aerosol can ICI Fluon lubricant 35
white 2 way 5 amp 25 Varicap P.B. TV tuner 50
locket 3 pin 5 amp brown 20 Battery Holder takes 6 U2 tatteries, snap connector 25
locket 3 pin 5 amp brown switched 30 Car Battery clips, as for cha'ger, + and - per pair
. 10
;witch push/push table lamp 20
Ilanket switch with neon 55
_ampholder, porcelain 30 BUY TIME SLOT METER,
,mpholder, screwed 1/ brass thread 20 10p gives 1 hour, boxed
=lexible conduits, plastic egotu be 20mm - 50 metres £4.00 with lock and coin Push/push table lamp ty3e, better than average quality .15
25mm - 50 metres £5.00 tray £2 00 10 digit switch pad for telephone £1.00 . .
Computer key switches, bank of 6 with knobs £1.25 .
Lever type, as used by PDst Office 60 . .
DIMMERS & CONTROLLERS Push button sw tch bank, 9 push (6 interlocking,

TOROIDAL COIL 1250W dimmer, Ultra 40
3 independent locking)
ref. SF 20.'5 £2.00. knobs 40
3 push switches, with integral
. . .
transformer lamination alloy, two sizes; 100mm outside dia PCB Mounting 2cm diameter 1 pole 4 watt .
meter 50mm internal diameter 25mm wide - 75p each; 58mm Low pressure switch, sensitive could be mouth operated:
outside diameter 30mm internal dia.20mm wide - 45p each. TOOLS:
button dies 15 Single 10 amp changeover £1 15
8 ba
Ditto, with spindle for adjustment £1 50
Screw driver, miniature for grub screw 10 . . . .
08 Ditto, 3 10 ama changeover £1 64

Small size', general purpose
INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSORS Solenoid mains operated AIR VALVE
Suppressor .1 mfd 250v
50Hz side tag metal
cased . ..10p
200/230 volt model
100 volt model ..........£1,15
ULTRA SONIC Transmitte-s and receivers . . .
£2 30
.25
MOTORISED &
AUTOMATIC
SWITCHES
Condensers .1 mfd +2 x VALVE HOLDERS: B9A with skirt ceramic . . . .15
.0005 mfd side tag metal 67G- PTFE 25
cased ..10p INSERT speaker/mike, balanced armature, 600 ohm 30
Rewireatle fuse and carrier MEM 20 amp 250 volt .
. . .
28
.2mfd+ 2x.0005 mfd metal cased 10p .
90
Choke/condensor combination, stops mains interference from Magnetic Clutch. Zerox 1215494 PN 866 - 10 .
or to equipment. up to 15 amps, stud or clip mount. .95p. .

Uniselectors: 3 pole 25 watt 50 volt coil . £4.75
. . .
POWER SUPPLY UNITS 4 pole 25 watt 50 volt coil . £6.00

. . .
In car, 12 volt for using 6 volt equipment £1 25 2 pole miniature 25 watt £2.30
. . .
£1 so Adjustable sw cams mains

PANEL METERS & INSTRUMENTS Mains to 24 volt Mallard. S:ereo Motorised c/o Micro sw tches.
£2 00
Mains to 12v - 600 mA £1 50 capacitor run motor: 4 switch
200 ohm ear piece, screen Had 35 6 switch £2 50
Volt meter0 -- 200 volts 2S'." round £1 50
-9 £3 00
- amp meter, hot wire scaled 0 amps £1.20
INDUSTRIAL TIMER
8 switch
12 switch £3 50
Micro ammeter 2%", round, centre zero lma f.s.d. £1.00
Hot wire meter 6" panel mounting £4.50 Omron reference STP NH, -or 50
0 - 60 seconds Price £3.50. HUMIDITY SWITCH, spindle adjustable .
DELAY SWITCH, A delay switch which can give delays of a

.
Charger panel meters, 1 %" few seconds to a few m nutes, depending upon the voltage
dia. scaled 3 amp ..35p applied to its heater coil
Panel meter 1 5/8" square, 50
scaled VU . 60p
WIRE WOUND POT, 25 watt 1K
and 8 ohm 50
Panel meter, Amstrad,
40mm sq. centre zero, 100K Multi turn pots 15
scaled 1,2,3, ..Sop Wire wound pct, with integral knob, available in values
Edgeways panel, 3"0- 25 - 15 ohms, 33 ohms, 5) ohms, 100 ohms
each
15
05
ma, ex GPO . . £1.00. Miniature PRE-SETS
WASHING MACHINE PUMP

Fan cooled, mains driven,
CAPACITORS
Price £3.50.
AC 50 HZ Woking or ror DC voltages up to three times AC.
FERRITE RODS FOR AERIALS, ETC. .tuf 250v .18 3.5uf 275v .41
.1 +2x .005 250v 23 4uf 375v .58
Dia V ' -
4" long 15p 5" long 20p 8" long 30p RESISTORS
.2uf 440v .23 5uf 300v .58
Dia 5/16" - 5" long 20p 6" long 25p 8" long 30p -
1/4 1/3 watt: carbon filn, tolerance normal ends .2uf 1500v .38 5uf 370v .70
Dia 3/8" - 4" long 20p
5% 440v
5" long 25p 8" long 30p .2uf 275v .20 5uf .76
Price per 100 £1 00
Dia %" -6"long 35p tuf 440v .23 5uf 570v .82
-
Ferrite slab 3" long x 3/4' x 1/8" . 20
CATHODE RAY TUBES
1.25uf 360v .25 6uf 440v .80
L & M coils for above, per set 20
Short neck, 9 x 7 screen. Brimar, two models - F28 130 LD 1.5uf
1.5 +1.5uf
440v
440e
33
.58
6uf
6.25uf
660v
260v
.90
.58
and F21 130 SR £7 50 each.
1.5 +1.5uí 450v .58 6.3uf 400v .85
1.7uf 440v 35 7.4 of 275v .63
14 KV RECTIFIED EHT UNITS 1.7uf 550v .47 8uf 250v .68
By Advance..SmA mains input. . Price . . £7.50 400v .95
.
2uf 440v .44 8uf
2uf 660v £2.00 Buf 600v £1.00
STEREO CAR SPEAKERS 2 + 05uf 350v 44 7MFD 440v .80
TELESCOPIC AERIAL In plastic cases, 8ohms -
E watt.
2.2uf 250v .37 8.4uf 250v .70
£1.50. 2.5uf 250v .38 lluf 275v .83
2.5uf 440v .46 12uf 250v .80
1
2.7uf 250v .40 13uf 275v .85
3MF 100v .29 15uf 250v .93
3MF 400e .50 15uf 325v £1.20
Nickel plated: Collapsed 8%" extended 4' .50 3.4uf 440v .58 20uf 275v .93
Collapsed 4%" extended 2' .
. 40 3.5uf 250v .38 32uf 250v £1.44
120uf 275v £2.38 62.5uf 260v £2.38
TELEPHONE RINGING MAINS UNIT
Recuces mains to 50 volts and 20Hz.
BULBS & LAMPS Price £200 TRANSISTORS
Torch bulbs, 3.5v MES Box of 25 35 Photo transistors. Mul ands seconds 75% working, 100 for £5
Pilot light bulbs 6.2v .3A 11mm Box of 50 £1 00 ULTRA SMALL 12v RELAYS Full wave rectifier, 440v 2 amp 20
Single pole 12 volt coil. Size 17mm long 10mm diameter,
. .
6.2v .3A 14mm Box of 10 . . 30 g.p. 50e Silicon diodes 02

price £1 00 Silicon transistor 107, 109, etc 03
12v .5A 16mm Box of 10 . . 50
Germanium transistors. 05
Car Bulbs: 18 watt SBC 12
SBC Lamp holders 15 LOCKING MECHANISM Dne fixing, with 2 keys . 60p. Surface Barrier transis:ors 25
113
WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982 WW - 083 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
BRITAIN'S BETTER
BARGAIN STILL IN
WORLD-WIDE DEMAND
WIRELESS WORLD CIRCARDS at 1976 prices 10% discount for 10 sets!
Most sets are still available even though the companion volumes
CIRCUIT DESIGNS 1, 2 and 3 are out of print. (CIRCARDS SETS 1 to 30).
Fill gaps in your circuit

files with these sets of
127 x 204 mm cards
in plastic wallets.
These unique circuit
cards normally
contain descriptions
and performance
wireless world circard data of 10 tested
Bank harry cotters codent-.
Stn. bauble
J.15,1, Ins.. . Set 14: Digital counters -1
anode of D, ,s approturtytely
and beaux
Th V uu pu of
connected
a
10
prcriuu, fnPflop
th Irrger
.r T -1 input of 1h neat
circuits, together
TT, 2V o netted toah{h
with ideas for

thole n s Rrp-flop. This pses a netural
o BCIpI potentat ru R, il n reverse. . of 2' whereh n Ih
R,'. 11.26g 10'
bused. TMerore Tr, collecta um ber of sta{n, nd 2
rs Ih
rtd,ced, own{ umber of sues through
R R,:6{bD l0', ra in ...Da
IS
seta., n.n th roumer progresse,
modifying them
C,.C,-9UUpF n{ hsedrix currant Io
Du D, P5101
Ont.. 1001.114 typidly
t,. This causes Tr, T,,bctaf,
sdtage Io drop and Tf, tome Cir<a11.o4'llotb
Tri¡ger input z aV
currere decreases tauon{ angeof le, R, a]htoa]lf2
inlper ,npue rgm lys
to suit special
..
funhr IThese in Tr, pulsar rmneyr.r,ah,m 150 Io
cdbnor<m,ner rdtage u use sn lathe ahl,er stable su,,e T,, Range of C,. C, 1101011p1pr
The notada clrsvit
1s a T-typr depend,.{ on R, and R. and
cotan. and Te, off. e fr<yu<rcy verutian Ib Io
.solove suri,.. for Tr, tanxd. Th rest nMllse- 90hHa
"R,oRon. u rnen the output
needs.
11,e
Imper pub ¢seas Ih
..
changes sate
trigr.input
n
fora oplix-
u.nulwn at she
If,L. tex
ed n Tr,,
Roen though R, end R,.
Hence the terminals
larborardy/ as Q and O arc
Io*and bon Iespaorely
idea, o I+erious sou. II
prod turn one output pulse for
esery two ses
lrnexor.aracross ssped with
and
nouas R,
R,tYph'allydtol0 ,.f
Th intercom note. of these
thatcontent
and fo easy curling.

10
Ircmased freYu<ncy of
v oltage.11 h en. 0.2V
s cdlator 1
When the voger input is dg,.

debt oyats .0 pre a ntury pefanon prnshk unh
Thnh loo Ion
the
to
bafe<mnp junction of
fan... Who, the toper
When
s
table one
is
rope count¢ demands dut tle aJJnunld,odea cnnmcred
Tr about 07V, and htce Tr, mar ground .h rxpnxgoi.

rdl h off rois mens in pulse<dge n same Io Tt, hase
Basic Active filters 2 Switching Circuits, comparators and Schmitts (But these gaps cannot be filled)
1
6 Constant current circuits 7 Power amplifiers 8 Astable circuits 9 Optoelectronics 10 Micro power circuits 11 Basic logic
gates 12 Wideband amplifiers 13 Alarm circuits 14 Digital Counters 15 Pulse modulators 16 Current differencing
amplifiers - signal processing 17 Current differencing amplifiers - signal generation 18 Current differencing
amplifiers - measurement and detection 19 Monostable circuits 20 Transistor pairs 21 Voltage -to-frequency converters
22 Amplitude modulation and detection 23 Reference circuits 24 Voltage regulators 25 RC oscillators- 1 26 RC
oscillators -2 27 Linear cmos - 28 Linear cmos -2 29 Analogue multipliers 30 Rms/log/power laws 31 Digital
1
multipliers 32 Transistor arrays 33 Differential and bridge amplifiers 34 Analogue gate applications - 1 35 Analogue gate
applications -2.
To IPC Electrical Electronics Press Ltd. - Please send me the following sets of
General Sales Department, Circards: £2 each,
Room 205,
Quadrant House, £18 for 10 post free.
Sutton, Remittance enclosed payable
Surrey SM2 5AS to IPC BUSINESS PRESS LTD.
Name (Please print)
Company registration in England
Quadrant Flouse, The Quadrant, Address (Please print)
Sutton, Surrey SM2 5AS
Reg. No 677128

LANGREX SUPPLIES LTD Climax House, Fallsbrook Rd., Streatham, London SW16 6ED
RST
M119
MY30
Tel: 01-677 2424 Telex: 946708
SEMICONDUCTORS
1.20 BC172
0.10
0.17
ASZ1S
ASZI6
)Un RST
1.10 BC173
0.11
0.11
BD131
BD135
BD136
0.44
0.48
0.40
0.40
BF257
BF258
BF259
BF336
O.I7
0.27
0.28
0.34
GEX541
GJ3M
5.00
1.50
GM0378A 1.75
KS100A 0.45
VALLI)/
0016
OC20
0C22
1.59
2.50
2.50
2.50
' lX-[U 5
(3.;206
OC207
00P71
L./J
2.75
2.50
2.00
L1
ZTX531
Z1'X550
IN914
U{ 0.01
0.24
0.25
0.85
2N1893
2N2147
2N2148
032
4.00
375
2N3820
2N3823
2N3866
0.39
0.68
1.00
017
MY30 0.17 ASZ17 1.00 BC177 0.28 80137 0.40 BF337 0.33 MJE340 0.60 0C23 4.00 08P12 I.06 1N916 0.09 2N2218 032 2N3904
ASZ20 2.30 BC178 0.28 813138 0.48 BF338 0.36 M 370 0.73 0C24 3.00 0.20085 2.00 IN4001 0.06 2N2219 0 32 2N3905 0.17
AAZI3 0.15 0.17
ASZ21 2.50 BC179 0.28 BD139 0.48 BF521 4.00 M E371 0.71 0C25 1.00 82009 2.25 1N4002 0.06 2N2220 0 20 2N3906
AAZ15
M Z17
0.15
0.15 AU113 2.50 8C182 0.11 BD140 0.50 BFS28 2.25 M E520 0.47 0C26 1.50 020100 2.00 1N4003 0.06 2N2221 00 2N4058 0.20
AC107 0.55 AUYIO 3.00 BC183 0.11 B13144 2.00 BFS61 0.20 M E521 0.73 0C28 2.00 T1C44 8.27 1544004 0.07 2N2222 0.0 2N4059 0.28
AUYIO 3.00 BC184 0.11 80181 1.20 8F098 0.20 MJE2955 1.30 0C29 2.00 T1C226D 1.20 1N4005 0.89 2N2223 4-25 2N4060 0.16
AC125 0.25 0.16
BA145 0.13 BC212 0.11 50183 0.80 BFWIO 0.97 MMIhE3055 1.10 0C35 1.50 T1L209 0.16 1544006 0.11 2N2368 0.25 2N4061
AC126
AC127
0.25
0.25 5A148 0.15 5C213 0.11 802137 0.54 BFWI1 0.96F102
0.30
0.35
0.35
0C36
0C41
1.50
0.90
TIP29A
TIP30A
0.43
0.45
IN4007
IN4009
012
0.07
2N2369A
2N2484
0.25
0.25
2N4062
2N4124
0.16
0.16
AC128 0.30 BAIS4 0.10 BC214 0.11 BD238 0.54 6F7(84 MPFI03
BA155 0.11 5C237 0.11 1313X10 0.91 BFX85 0.30 MPF104 0.35 0C42 0.90 TIP3IA 0.33 IN4148 6.04 2N2646 0.50 2544126 0.16
AC141 0.28 0.15
0.35 BA156 0.10 BC238 0.11 BDX32 2.00 BFX87 0.30 MPFI05 0.35 0C43 1.50 TIP32A 6.36 1N5400 0.13 2N2904 0.32 2N4286
AC141K 2N2905 0.32 12N4288 0.18
AC142 0.28 BAW62 0.05 BC301 0.33 BDY20 1.50 BF1(88 0.30 MPSA06 0.26 0C44 0.85 TIP33A 0.54 IN5401 0.13
BAXI3 0.06 BC303 0.34 BDY60 2.75 BFY50 0.25 MPSA56 0.28 OCAS 0.65 TIP34A 0.67 I044 0.04 2N2906 0.21 2N4289 0.18
AC142K 0.35 0.21 0.32
AC176 0.30 BAXI6 0.06 BC307 0.11 BF115 0.35 BFY51 0.25 MPSUOI 0.53 °C71 0.55 TIP4IA 0.44 15920 0.08 2N2907 2N5457
BC107 0.16 BC308 0.11 BF152 0.16 BF152 0.25 MPSUO6 0.65 0072 1.00 T1P42A 0.42 15921 0.89 2N2924 0.26 2N5458 0.32
AC187 0.28 0.22 0.32
AC188 0.28 OCIOS 0.16 BC327 0.12 6F153 0.16 8F164 0.30 MPSU56 0.69 0073 1.00 T1P2955 0.70 2G301 ISO 2N2925 2N5459
BC109 0.16 BC328 0.12 BF154 0.17 BFY90 0.95 NE555 0.45 0074 0.70 1103055 0.56 2G302 1.00 2N2926 0.15 2S017 10.00
ACYI7 1.30 11.06
M.'YI8 1.15 13013 0.15 BC337 0.12 BF159 0.17 BSX19 0.27 NKT401 3.50 0075 0.65 TIS43 0.43 2G306 1.06 2N3053 0.26 25019
BC114 0.15 BC338 0.12 13F160 0.17 BSX20 0.27 NKT403 2.50 0076 1.00 ZS140 0.25 2N404 1.30 2N3054 0.55 25026 25.06
ACYI9 1.10 8.65 1.50
ACY20 1.10 11015 0.18 BCY30 1.25 8E167 0.24 0SX21 0.29 NKT404 2.20 0077 1.00 ZS170 0.21 2N696 0.32 2N3055 25103
BCI16 0.19 BCY3I 1.50 8F173 0.30 BT106 1.20 0A5 1.20 0081 0.65 ZS178 0.54 2N697 0.32 2N3440 0.70 25302 2.60
ACY21 1.15 1.50
5C117 0.23 BCY32 1.50 BF177 0.35 5TY79/4)65 0A7 0.60 OCBIZ 1.20 Z0271 0.23 2N698 0.32 1N3441 0.85 25303
ACY39 2.50 1.25 2S322 3.50
AD149 0.75 BC118 0.18 330133 1.10 01178 8.35 2.00 0A10 0.55 0082 0.90 ZS278 0.57 2N705 1.25 2N3442
A0161 0.35 BCI25 0.18 BCY34 1.00 8F179 0.35 BU205 1.30 0A47 0.12 0083 0.80 ZTX107 0.12 2N706 0.25 2N3614 2.0 2S324 3.50
BC126 0.18 BCY39 3.40 BF180 0.0 BU206 1.50 OA70 0.25 0084 0.80 ZTX108 0.12 2N708 0.25 IN3702 0.11 25701 2.00
ADI62 0.35 0.95
AF106 0.35 BC135 0.15 BCY40 2.00 8F181 0.0 BU208 2.00 0A79 0.12 0C122 2.75 ZTX109 0.12 2N930 0.25 2543703 0.11 25745A
0.95
0.75 BC136 0.19 BCY42 0.30 BF182 0.30 BY100 0.40 0A81 0.17 0C123 2.00 ZTX300 0.13 2N1131 0.30 2N3704 4.11 25746A
AF114
AF115 0.75 BC137 0.19 BCY43 0.30 8F183 0.0 BY126 0.13 0A85 0.17 0C139 3.00 ZTX301 0.14 2N1132 0.34 2N3705 4.11
Apt 16 0.75 5C147 0.12 BCY58 0.19 BF184 0.0 5Y127 0.14 OA90 0.08 0C140 4.00 ZTX302 0.18 2N1302 1.20 2N3706 4.11
0.75 BC148 0.12 BCY70 0.17 BF185 0.30 BZX61 0.17 0A91 8.06 0C141 4.25 Z1X303 0.18 2N1303 0.80 2N3707 0.11
AF117
AF139 0.33 BC149 0.13 BCY71 0.18 BF194 0.14 Series 0A95 0.08 0C170 1.25 ZTX304 0.0 2N)304 /.20 2N3708 0.10
1.00 BCI57 0.13 BCY72 0.17 8F195 0.12 BZY88 0.10 0A200 0.15 0C171 1.25 ZTX31I 0.13 2N1305 1.00 2N3709 L11
AF186 0.10
AF239 0.39 BC158 0.13 BCZII 1.75 BF196 0.13 Seriea OA202 0.15 0C200 1.50 ZTX3I4 0.25 2N1306 1.50 2N3710
BC159 0.13 00115 0.42 BF197 0.14 CRSI/40 0.60 0A211 130 0C201 2.50 ZTX500 0.14 2N1307 1.10 2N3711 0.10
AFZII 4.00
0.14 1.75 2N3771 1.40
AFZI2 4.00 BC167 0.11 80121 1.70 BF200 0.40 CRS3/40 0.75 OAZ200 1.50 0C202 2.75 ZTX501 2N1308
ASY26 1.40 BCI70 0.11 00123 2.80 BF224 0.25 CRS3/60 0.90 OAZ201 1.50 OC203 3.00 ZTX502 0.18 2N1309 1.20 2N3772 L60
ASY27 0.90 BC171 0.11 130124 2.00 BF244 0.0 GEX66 3.00 0AZ206 1.50 0C204 3.00 ZTX503 0.19 2N1613 0.32 2N3773 L80
18.50 1.75 GU5I pC86 2.50 73.15 UF85 1.75 4C35 78.00 8.00 12I3A6 2.50 5670 4.54
VALVES Ei30cC 10.50
9.90
EF86S
EF89
1.75
2.50
GXUI
GXU2
15. 35
30.00
PC88
PC95
2.50
1.75
QYL400 76.80
QY5-500 175.00
UF89
UL4I
2.00
3.50
4CX2505 40.80
40X350A 73.06
602250
6DK6
1 1.51
3.08
12)3E6
I2BH7
I.50
1.56
5675
5687
26.06
6.00
A1834 9.00 EIBOF
13.25 EF9I 2.95 GXU3 25.00 pC97 1.75 QY5-3000A UL84 1.75 4X150A 64.00 6DQ6B 4.75 120Y7 3.06 5696 4.58
A2087 13.50 E182CC
A2134 17.50 E186F 11.50 EF92 6.37 GXU4 44.50 pC900 1.75 335.00 UM80 2.00 4X1500 56.00 6EA8 3.06 12E1 010 5718 7.50
8.25 EF93 1.50 GXU50 20.00 PCC84 1.50 QZ06-20 32.70 UY41 1.25 511254M 35.00 6EB8 2.54 12E11TT 170.88 5725 5.50
A2293 16.06 E188CC 11.37
A2426 18.75 E280F 22.51 EF94 2.50 GY501 3.00 PCC85 1.50 RIO 6.06 UY85 2.25 5B255M 35.06 6EW6 2.25 12E14 35.66 5726
A2521 22.50 E283CC 12.00 EF95 5.99 GZ32 2.50 PCC88 2.00 0.17 3.00 VLS63I 15.00 5C22 160.00 6F6 3.00 13E1 0.06 5727 7.15
EF98 2.00 GZ33 4.75 PCC89 1.75 R18 3.06 XGI-2500 45.80 51180E 1658.06 6F23 1.60 19H4 27.50 5749 2.50
A2900 22.50 E288CC 17.50
32.25 EF183 2.00 GZ34 3.06 PCC189 2.50 0.19 9.24 XG26400 5 40Y 3.50 6028 1.60 19H5 47.50 5751 4.06
A3343 45.00 EA52
A231 2.75 EA76 2.50 EFI84 2.00 GZ37 4.75 PC0805 1.64 0.20 2.50 141.06 SU4G l.06 6F33 33.56 24)39 67.25 5763 4.50
EABC80 1.25 EF804S 12.06 KT6I 5.00 pCC806 1.60 RG3-250 32.68 XG5-500 26.60 5U4G8 2.50 6H1 14.00 30CI5 I.06 5814A 4.80
AZ41 2.60 5840 4.06
114.90 EAC9I 3.50 EF8050 9.80 KT66 8.00 PCE82 2.00 RG3-250A 32.68 XG2-6400 SV4G 2.50 6H2N 2.75 30C17 1.06
131K448 12.06
EAF42 2.50 EH90 1.75 KT88 11.06 PCF80 2.00 RG3-1250 59.50 162.00 5Y3GT 2.50 6H3N 2.75 30C18 1.06 5842
BK484 155.35 4.06 3.06 5876A 31.50
EAF801 2.00 EK9O 1.50 KTW61 2.50 PCF82 1.50 RG4-1250 61.60 XRI-1600A 5Z3 6H6 30F5 1.64
BS90 58.00 2.50 5.50 1.38 5879 5.06
BS452 64.06 EB4I 4.00 EL32 2.50 KTW62 2.50 PCF86 2.50 RG43000 99.45 53.75 524G 6J4 30FL1/1
EB91 1.50 EL33 4.00 KTW63 2.50 PCF87 2.00 RR3-250 40.00 XR1-3200 81.97 5Z4GT 2.50 6J6 8.93 30FL12 1.06 5886 12.50
BS810 60.00 1.06 5963 2.50
BT5 58.95 EBC33 2.50 EL34MU1 3.00 M8079 12.34 PCF200 3.25 RR3-1250 45.75 XR1-3200A 6-30L2 1.75 6J7 4.75 30FL14
2.50 EL36 2.50 M8080 8.25 PCF201 3.25 511E12 65.00 XXI _6400 6AB4 1.75 61(4N 2.54 SOLI 1.50 5965 3.50
5117 151.00 EBC41
9.82 6AB7 2.75 30L15 2.06 6005 2.25
BTl9 44.05 EBC81 1.50 EL41 2.80 M8081 PCF801 2.50 S130 6.00 102.06 3.00 6K6GT
EBC90 1.25 EL42 2.50 M8082 9.69 PC0802 2.50 S13OP 6.00 YD1120 395.06 6AC7 3.00 6K7 3.80 30L17 2.00 6021 4.50
B129 349.15
4.25 2.50 6057 10.23
BT69 354.80 EBF80 1.50 EL81 5.25 M8083 8.58 PCF805 1.70 STV280-40 YD1240 351.00 6AF4A 6K8 3.00 3004
EBF83 1.75 EL83 6.00 M8091 10.43 PCF806 1.70 14.00 Z759 25.00 6AG7 3.00 6KD6 7.00 30019 2.50 6058 12.34
13195 129.00 6.06
4.00 EBF89 1.50 E1,84 2.25 M8096 6.80 PCF808 170 S1V280-80 ZMI000 8.00 6AH6 5.06 6L6G 3.00 300L1 3.06 6059
CBL3I 8.10 6AK5 7.10 30PL14 1.06 6061 6.00
CL33 4.00 EBL31 4.06 EL86 2.75 M8097 pCL82 2.00 21.00 ZM1001 8.06 6L6GA 2.25
EL9O 2.25 M8098 6.15 PCL83 3.00 SU4I 5.00 ZMI020 9.00 6AK6 2.50 6L6GT 2.25 30PLI5 1.06 6063 3.75
CY31 3.00 EC90 1.25
8.06 EL91 9.69 M8099 8.00 PCL84 2.06 SU42 10.00 1511021 9.00 6AL5 1.50 6L6GC 2.25 35W4 1.06 6064 8.58
CIK 20.00 EC9I
9.52 4.00 6067 10.23
C3A 22.00 EC92 1.75 EL95 2.00 M8100 PCL85 2.50 TD03-10 35.00 ZM1022 9.00 6AM4 6L7 2.56 5005 1.50
325.40 ELIS6 25.00 M8136 10.23 pCL86 2.50 T003 -10F 35.00 ZM1023 9.06 6AM5 9.69 6N2P 2.54 75B1 6.05 6072 6.06
C3JA 22.00 ECI57 14.00
25.00 ECC33 4.50 ELMO 8.50 M8137 10.23 PCL80585 2.50 TTIS 35.00 ZM1040 1936 6AM6 6.06 6N3P 2.50 75C1 3.50 6080
DAM 4.75 7.50 6097A 235.06
DA42 18.70 ECC35 4.50 EL500/504 3.00 M8140 6.00 PD500 6.00 1121 23.00 ZM1041 16.66 6AN5 6N7 3.00 85A1
ECC40 4.50 EL509 7.06 M8141 6.50 PE06-40V 30.00 TT22 23.00 ZM1042 17.77 6AN8A 3.50 6025 4.00 85A2 4.45 609713 100.06
DAF9I 1.75 2.25 6Q7 6146A 8.25
DAF96 1.75 ECCBI 1.75 EL821 13.00 M8142 8.75 PFL200 2.50 TT100 60.00 81330T 3.061 6AQ5 3.75 90AG 11.96
ECC82 1.75 EL822 13.97 M8144 7.50 PL36 2.50 TY2-125 60.00 11324 25.00 6AS6 8.64 6R7 3.25 90AV 12.96 6146B 8.25
DET22 35.00
DET24 49.00 ECC83 1.75 EM34 5.00 M8149 6.50 PL81 1.75 TW4-400 71.40 11335A 48.06 6AS7G 8.75 6SA7 3.00 900 3.0 6159B 19.06
EM80 2.50 M8161 9.35 PL81A 2.00 TY4-500 90.35 1B63 64.00 6AT6 1.25 6SC7 2.75 90CG 14.54 6189 9.55
0091 1.75 ECC84 1.75
5.00 601 11.40
DF96 1.75 ECC85 1.75 EMS! 2.50 M8162 10.40 PL82 1.50 TY5-500 175.06 1125 1.75 6AU5GT 6SF7 2.50 90CV 15.45
DK91 1.75 ECC86 2.50 EM84 2.00 M8163 8.25 PL83 2.50 116-800 188.00 1S5 1.75 6AÚ6 1.50 6SH7 3.00 92AG 12.96 6442 0.06
EM85 2.75 M8190 5.00 01.84 2.00 TY65000A 1T4 1.75 6AVSGA 4.50 6817 3.25 92AV 12.96 6883B 17.54
DK92 2.00 ECC88 2.10
EM87 2.50 M8195 10.85 PL504/5 2.50 375.00 2AS15 11.50 6AV6 1.50 6SK7 3.50 95A1 0.45 6973 4.00
00.96 1.75 ECC89 2.00
3.00 7025 3.00
DL92 2.00 ECC9I 8.93 EN32 17.46 508196 7.50 PL508 2.50 116-50008 2C39A 60.00 6AX5GT 6SK7GT 3.00 15002 6.50
2.10 EN91 7.50 M8204 7.05 P1,509 6.00 395.06 2C43 70.00 687 3.25 6SN7GT 3.00 150133 8.35 7551 6.25
DL94 1.75 ECC189 3.25 65Q7 7586 12.00
DL% 1.75 ECC807 1.75 EN92 6.96 M8212 11.37 PL519 6.00 116-5000W 2021 3.25 688 3.40 150C2 3.25
3.50 EYSI 2.75 M8223 6.00 01.801 1.50 325.00 2E26 8.25 6BA6 1.50 6SR7 4.00 150C4 4.05 7587 18.50
DLS10 14.00 ECC808 7609 56.00
DLS15 12.50 EC080 1.55 EY81 2.50 M8224 6.30 P1.802 6.00 TY7.6000A 2J42 98.00 6BA7 5.00 6SS7 2.75 211 35.06
1.50 EY83 2.50 M8225 4.50 PPV03-80 14.00 37400 2155 175.00 6BA8A 4.00 6U5G 3.50 723AB 125.06 7868 6.00
DLS16 12.50 ECF82
25.00 7895 12.00
DLS19 12.50 ECF86 2.50 EY84 9.24 M8248 14.03 pY33 2.50 TY7-6000W 2 70A 383.06 68C4 4.00 6U8A 2.25 803
E186 1.75 3002901 60.00 PY81 1.75 303.60 7013 336.00 6BE6 1.50 6V6GT 2.25 805 45.00 8005 110.41
DM70 2.06 ECH35 3.00 2
3.50 EY88 1.752 M1.114 2.50 pY82 1.50 1240 25.00 25 125.00 6BH6 2.50 6X4 2.00 807 3.75 8068 14.00
DM71 2.00 ECH42 2
90.06
DM160 4.75 ECH81 3.06 EY500A 3.00 MXII9 55.06 PY83 2.50 U18-20 3.50 3-4032 85.00 6816 2.25 6X5GT 1.75 811.4 28.33 8122
DY87 1.50 ECH83 2.50 EY802 1.75 MX123 72.00 pY88 2.00 019 13.75 3-500Z 85.06 68K4 4.50 7B7 2.50 812A 0.33 8136 2.50
EZ35 1.75 MX145 56.70 PY500A 3.00 2.50 3A5 3.06 681.6 85.06 7C5 4.08 813 125.86 8417 6.06
DY802 1.50 ECH84 2.50 U25
11.53
E55L 22.00 ECL80 1.50 E240 230 MX151 17.25 PY800 1.50 U26 2.50 3B24 11.00 6BL7GT 4.50 7C6 2.50 833A 193.16 18042
F8001- 8.81 ECI.81 1.75 EZ41 2.50 MX152 131.25 01801 1.50 U37 12.00 3828 15.35 6BM6 115.00 7H7 4.06 866A 0.03 18045 10.49
EBOCF 11.27 ECL82 1.50 E280 1.50 MX161 152.25 QQV02-5 16.50 UABC80 1.25 31329 20.00 6BN6 2.06 7R7 4.25 872A 0.06
EZ81 1.50 MX163 20.25 QQV03-20A UAF42 2.50 313240M 17.50 6BQ7A 3.50 7S7 3.50 922 6.00 Tested
E80F 13.58 ECL83 3.00
13.37 ECL84 1.50 0290 2.00 MX164 25.52 48.38 U841 3.06 3B241M 17.50 6BR7 6.06 714 2.25 931A 10.52 Ex -Equipment
ESOL 3.50 4CX25011 6.50
E81CC 8.00 ECL85 1.50 FW4-500 3.50 MX166 147.00 QQV06.40A U5C41 2.25 3C23 25.06 6BR8A 714 2.06 1624 4.06
ECL86 1.75 FW4-800 3.50 MX168 48.00 40.38 U13F89 1.50 3C45 24.50 6507 6.00 11E3 55.00 1625 3.50
EBIL 12.57
6.00 1'.46
E82CC 8.10 EF37A 5.00 01.371K 35.00 N78 15.00 QQV07-3066.90 UCC84 1.75 3CX100A5 6BW6 12AH8 5.00 2050
E83CC 8.40 EF39 2.75 G551K 12.00 0A2 3.25 QQZ06.40A UCC85 1.85 47.00 68W7 1.50 12AT6 1.50 4212E 3.00
EF40 5.00 0180.2M 17.50 0A3 2.50 62.0 UCF80 2.00 3E29 45.00 6BX7GT 5.00 12AT7 1.75 4212H 300.00
E86C 8.25 2.75
E88C 8.25 EF41 3.50 G240.2D 12.00 0A4 6.00 QU37 12.50 UCH42 2.50 304 2.00 6BZ6 12AU6 2.50 5544 87.97
G400.IK 17.50 OB2 4.35 QV03-1: 6.80 UCH81 1.50 3V4 1.75 6C4 1.25 12AU7 1.75 5545 102.00
E88CC 8.00 EF42 4.50
2.50 GN4 9.00 0133 2.50 QV04-7 3.50 UCL82 1.75 465A 60.00 CB6A 2.50 12AV6 2.50 555IA 114.90
E90CC 8.61 EF50
E90F 9.90 EF54 5.00 GN4A 9.00 0C2 4.35 QV08-1(0 UCL83 2.75 4-125A 60.00 6CD6GA 5.06 12AV7 3.50 5552A 155.35
3.50 GS16 16.00 0C3 2.50 136.85 UF41 2.00 4-250A 80.00 6CG7 2.50 12AX7 1.75 5642 9.00
E9IH 6.25 EF55
3.00
E92CC 8.75 EF80 1.75 GT IC 15.00 OD3 2.50 QY3-65 54.26 UF42 2.10 4-400A 87.00 6C116 13.00 12AY7A 4.00 5654
20.00 0Z4 3.50 60.40 UF80 1.75 4832 20.00 6CL6 3.75 1214A 3.50 5651 4.45
E99F 9.10 - EF83 4.00 GUSS 013-12'
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 7495 0.73 74136 0.51. 741754
1.16 TBA520Q 2.30
018 7497 3.15 74142 2.30 74178 1.36 0 1.98
7423 0.33 1.36 TBA54(1Q
5AD 35.00 VCR5I7A WM 74143 2.60 74179
BASES CRTs SBPIPI 10.40 VCR517B 10.00 77404(1?
7102
0.17
0.17
7425
7427
0.30
0.30 0.33 74)07741 0.45 74144 2.60 74180 1. 0 TBA5 350Q 3. 23
87G usakined 0.22 2AP1 8.50 SCPI 10.06 VCR517C 10.00
7428 0.43
70.16
0.38 74109 0.73 74145 1.00 74190 1.90 TBA56000

7403 0.17 7473
74191 1.90 3.21
57Gskirted 0.30 25P1 9.00 5CP1A 40.00 7404 0.18 7430 0.17 7474 0.38 74110 0.51 74147 2.00
B9Aunskined 0.22 313P1 10.00 SFPISA 15.00 74111 0.71 74148 1.76 74192 1.90 TBA673 2.20
7405 0.08 7432 0.30 7475 0.54
B9A1kined 0.30 3DP1 5.00 5UP7 25.00 0.40 0.42 74116 1.85 74150 1.80 71193 1.90 TSA700 1.52
7406 0.43 7433 7476 1.25 TBA720Q 2.30
1st Octal 0.35 3EG1 10.00 007.5 63.32 Tube Bases 7407 0.43 7437 0.32 7480 0.56 74118 1.00 74151 0.94 74194
Local 0.55 3FP7 6.00 DG7-31 58.07 Prices on 74119 1.54 74154 1.80 74195 1.20 TBA750Q 2.07
7408 0.20 7438 0.32 7482 0.75 1.20
Nuvislor base 0.75 3001 6.00 DG7-32 58.07 application 1.00 74120 0.83 74155 0.90 74196 1.35 TBA800
7409 0.20 7440 0.32 7483 2.90
8 pin DIL 3JP1 8.00 74156 0.9e 74197 1.35 TBA920
14
16
p OIL
DIL
0.15
0.15
0.17
31P2
3JP7
8.00
10.00
0543-91
0547-11
VCR97
56.83
113.12
12.00
7410
7412
7413
0.17
0.29
0.32
7441
7442
7447AN
0.90
0.72
1.17
7484
7486
7490
1.05
0.39
0.60
74121
74122
74123
0.43
0.62
1.18
74157
74159
0.75
2.0
74198
74199
2.70
2.30
113,19200
TBA990Q
2.90
2.90
Valve screening 3KPI 15.00 VCRi38 12.00 74125 0.58 74170 2.40 76013N 1.76 TCA270Q 2.90
7416 0.32 7450 0.18 7491 0.82
cans all sizes 0.30 30.01 35.00 VCR138A 12.50 0.60 74126 0.58 74172 4.40 TAA570 2.30 TCA760A 1.38
7417 0.32 7451 0.18 7492
3WP1 20.00 VCRI39A 8.00 7420 0.18 7453 0.18 7493 0.60 74128 0.63 74173 1.42 TM630S 3.50
0.18 7494 0.82 74132 0.72 74174 1.60 TAA700 3.90
7422 0.20 7454
Terms of business: CWO. Postage and packing valves and semiconductors 50p per order. CRTs £1.50. Prices excluding VAT, add 15%. Telephone 01-677 2424/7
Price ruling at time of despatch. Telex 946708
In some cases prices of Mullard and USA valves will be higher than those advertised. Prices correct when going to press. E. & O.E.
Account facilities available to approved companies with minimum order charge £10. Carriage end packing £1.50 on credit orders. Open to callers Monday -Friday 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Over 10,000 types of valves, tubes and semiconductors in stock. Quotations for any types not listed. S.A.E.

e RECHARGEABLE
THE RELAY RACE BATTERIES
IS ON! PRIVATE & TRADE ENQUIRIES WELCOME
Full range available to replace 1.5volt dry cells and 9 volt
PPtype batteries, SAE for lists and prices. £1.45 for
We have relays of all types, to cater for most booklet, "Nickel Cadmium Power," plus catalogue.
of your requirements. Listed is a selection. * New sealed lead range now available *
Write or call at:
PLUG-IN (BPO 3000), BPO 1000 MINIATURE SANDWELL PLANT LTD.
LEVER KEYS, CRADLE TYPE DIL REED, PC 2 Union Drive, Boldmere
SERIES 65 POWER RELAY MR16 SERIES, PCB Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, 021-354 9764
MOUNTING RP SERIES, SR26 TYPE, B15 After Hours 0977 84093
TYPE, 07 + 12 SERIES, KL SERIES, 5G SERIES, WW - 076 FOR FURTHER DETAILS
35 SERIES CRADLE TYPE, 29 SERIES.
SAFEBLOC 250V. A.C. (single phase mains)

ELECTRONIC POWER UNITS
FOR XENON ARC AND MERCURY ARC LAMPS
ONLY £5.45 -
NO EXTRAS! UNITS AVAILABLE FOR LAMPS RANGING FROM 75 TO 6500 WATTS.
Lamp housings and lens systems manufactured as standard off the shelf models or to
specific design.
Contact us for detailed stocklist
Trade and Export enquiries welcome
BARCLAYCARD
Access and Barclaycard
Accepted
VISA
7 William Street
BAYDIS Herne Bay, Kent

Tel: 02273 64586
K. T. Manners Design Ltd.
P.O. Box 936, London, W4 4NW Telephone: 01-994 7155.
WW - 070 FOR FURTHER DETAILS Telex: 28604
Beginners start here!

How do I take the next step, beyond computer games and program
listings? The November issue of Your Computer tells you in two articles
'
written with the beginner in mind: 1
Getting started in graphics
description of graphics techniques,
-a Writing machines code games for 1
the ZX81. First in a new series in which
based on the BBC micro, but with each part will include a game 1
explanations as to how they can be illustrating the techniques described.
applied on the Sinclair Spectrum and Get a copy from your newsagent now
Vic 20 too. or take out a subscription by completing the coupon.
r 1
To: Marketing Department, Room L214, IPC Electrical -Electronic
Also in this issue: Press Ltd., Quadrant House, The Quadrant, Sutton, Surrey
Clive answers his critics
Clive Sinclair
-
interview with SM2 5AS.
Please send me 12 issues of Your Computer. enclose a cheque/PO
I
Survey of the latest ZX81 cassettes for £8 UK/£14 Overseas, payable to IPC Business Press Ltd.
Reviews of the new Jupiter Ace and Lynx Name
computers
Address
PLUS our regular advice column and program
listings
leis mu mi mu am au ma I_
wwo
a
Appointments
Advertisements DISPLAYED APPOINTMENTS VACANT: £15.50 per single col. centimetre (min. 3cm).
accepted up to 12 noon LINE advertisements (run on): £3 per line, minimum £20 (prepayable).
Tuesday, November 2nd, BOX NUMBERS: £3 extra. (Replies should be addressed to the Box Number in the advertise-
for December issue, ment, do Quadrant House, The Quadrant, Sutton, Surrey SM2 SAS).
subject to space being PHONE: IAN FAUX, 01-6613033 (DIRECT LINE)
available. Cheques and Postal Orders payable to IPC Business Press Ltd.
kt`á SaRx
s..,,:. a .. .. .
:: m 4. g9y3 Yé,
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ALWAYS AHEAD WITH

THE BEST!
£5,000-£18,000
* Analogue
Experienced in: Mini/Microprocessor hardware or Software; Digital and
circuitry; and Microwave techniques?
* Where RF
does your interest lie: Image processing; Automation;
Datacomms; Radar; Nay -Aids; Video; Medical; Telemetry; Simulation;
Satcom; Local Area Nets; Teletext; Viewdata?
* There are opportunities in: Design; Test; Service; Sales; Systems;
Production; Quality and Research at engineer and management level.
* First call: Contact MIKE GERNAT on 076 384 676/7 (usually until p.m.) 8
ELECTRONIC COMPUTER AND MANAGEMENT APPOINTMENTS LIMITED

148-150 High St Barkway, Royston. Herts SG8 8EG.
,
7.`°;.á;k:.j:"L`.í.:`:@.'£<eJ.:. :
,a..:..'.. ' 9 ä.. <'+ :.,. .'à.' {:G: "''.: : - <:
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(1842)
:.3.....i.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
COMPATIBILITY
SPECIALIST ENGINEERS
Marconi Underwater Systems Ltd., a new company at
SENIOR ELECTRONIC Portsmouth, within the Marconi Company, need
Professional Electronics Engineers or Physicists with
DESIGN ENGINEER experience in at least one of the following disciplines
to join the Company for work on an important new
Rees Instruments specialise in the design and manufacture of re- weapon.
mote viewing instruments and associated handling equipment for
use in hazardous environments. RADHAZ ELECTRONIC SYSTEM COMPATIBILITY
RFI FILTER DESIGN
Current catalogue equipment includes radiation hardened CCTV EMP SHIELDING DESIGN
cameras with diameters down to 17.3mm, specialised systems for
use in flammable atmospheres and systems for use in mining and LIGHTNING EMC PREDICTION & ANALYSIS
geological applications. The specialist group in which you would work supplies
the co-mpanÿ is currently seeking the services of a senior electronic an EMC design, analysis and test service to the whole
design engineer to head a team of electronic engineers working on Company. As a member of the group you would work
internal and external design projects. with a large project team and have the opportunity of
The person in question should be educated to professional making a significant contribution to the successful
electronic engineer status with a good knowledge of both digital attainment of required weapon performance. We will
and analogue techniques. Experience in video and solid state imag- also need Engineers with circuit design experience for
ing together with a general knowledge of colour TV principles these positions.
would be desirable. The applicant should be capable of leading and We can offer you a salary that reflects the true
controlling others of a similar discipline within his/her charge. value of your qualifications and experience and an
Other qualities such as accountability and responsibility together
extensive and worthwhile benefits package. Please
with a basic ability to solve day-to-day problems will be required to
telephone or write to C.A. Ormonde-Dobbin,
fulfil the role. The person will report to the acting head of design. Marconi Underwater Systems Limited, Browns Lane,
The Airport, Portsmouth, Hants, P03 5PH.
The company offers an excellent starting salary. Benefits include a Telephone: Portsmouth (0705) 664966 Ext. 305.
non-contributory pension scheme and a company car will be
supplied for business and private use.
Please write for an application form to Mr. A. K. Sefton, Managing
Director, Rees Instruments Ltd., Westminster House, Old Woking,
Surrey GU22 9LF.
Marconi
Underwater Systems
Appointments
Hardware/Software
D and D Engineers
SOMETHING A LITTLE DIFFERENT Age 25-30 with MSc
Electronics, Computer
in
Science, Artificial Intelli-'

Rural S. Yorkshire c£12.000 gence or related subject to
join lively team working:
Our client needs an RF Engineer with more than just RF experience. They must have that (A) Worldwide in Indust-
unique quality, flair. rial Automation field,
at £12,000; or
The company design and manufacture communication and alarm systems for the protection (B) Word Processor/Com-
of people and of people's property. Much of their work is for the disadvantaged sectors of the
community, particularly the elderly. They have been established since the late '50s and have puter field. Good pack-
a reputation second to none in this unusual market sector. age
If you have a strong RF (low power) background, a taste for rustic living and the ability to view
Progressive jobs. Surrey.
communications through inventive and ambitious eyes then the company offer the following Ring Anne McMillan
benefits: RIDGEWAY EXECUTIVE
* Brand new development facilities in a Georgian country house. SELECTION
* Excellent salary and prospects. Epsom 24951
* Full relocation expenses.
118261
* The freedom and responsibility to make a personal mark in the industry.

DIGITAL EXPERIENCE?
Telephone PAUL HECQUET to discuss this or other possibilities on 044-46 47301 or write FIELD SUPPORT
with brief details to the address below. R & D AND SALES
(1629) VACANCIES IN COMPUTERS
NC, COMMS., MEDICAL
VIDEO, ETC.
For free registration ring
The Electronics Recruitment Company 0453 883264
01-290 0267
18 Station Road, Burgess Hill, West
04446 47301/2/3/4
Sussex Rí-115 9DE
L X
ELECTRONICS RECRUITMENT SERVICE
LOGEX HOUSE, BURLEIGH, STROUD
GLOUCESTERSHIRE GL5 2PW
TEL. 0453 883264, 01-290 0267
13211
1011 II OM Mil II MI Ill RIP

UNIQUE APPOINTMENTS
OPPORTUNITY TRAINEE IN
The manufacturer of a Hong Kong -based

market leader minicomputer system is RADIO OFFICERS ELECTRONICS
seeking an energetic and technically
competent designer to head the R and D
to £15,000
department currently looking at the next First-class, secure career opportunities. MICROPROCESSORS
generation machines. The successful ap-
plicant will have proven ability in de- A number of vacancies will be available in 1983/84 for COMPUTERS - MEDICAL
sign/manufacturing/marketing areas,
and will be rewarded by an attractive suitable qualified candidates to be appointed as DATA COMMS - RADIO
salary plus package on a minimum two Trainee Radio Officers. Design, test, field and
year renewable contract. This is a first-
class opportunity to head an energetic support engineers- -for
design team. Ifyour trade or training involves Radio Operating, you .rnmediate action on
qualify to be considered for a Radio Officer post with salary and career advance-
Applications should be sent, in the first the Composite Signals Organisation. ment, please contact
instance, to:
Mr Mark Sim, General Manager Candidates must have had at least 2 years' radio
`Technomar&
i
EACA INTERNATIONAL LTD.
Block "B" 11 El. operating experience or hold a PMG, MPT or MRGC
Watson Building certificate, or expect to obtain this shortly.
13 Chong Yip St 11. Westbourne G rove
Kwun Tong, Kowloon London W2 01-2 29 9239
Hong Kong On successful completion of between 36 and 42 weeks
(1844)
specialist training, promotion will occur to the Radio
Officer grade.
SENIOR
PROJECT
ENGINEER
Registered disabled people may be considered.
SALARY & PROSPECTS

TRAINEE RADIO OFFICER: £4,357 at 19 to £5,203 at 25
and over. On promotion to Radio Officer: £5,968 at 19
i KENT EDUCATION
COMMITTEE
WEST KENT COLLEGE OF
FURTHER EDUCATION
Brook Street, Tonbridge, Kent
to £7,814 at 25 and over. Then by four annual incre- ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
If you have at least two years' ments to £10,662 inclusive of shift working and Satur-
experience in designing day and Sunday elements.
equipment using Z80/80 LECTURER II
80/CP/M and would like to to teach on Radio, Television
work in Chester, taking res- For full details please contact our Recruitment Officer and Electronic servicing
ponsibility for project design on Cheltenham (0242) 21491 Ext. 2269. courses.
and implementation in return
for an attractive salary, please
send a current CV to:
Recruitment Officer, Government Communications
Headquarters, Oakley, Priors Road, Cheltenham,
3 Experience with TEC courses
and recent industrial employ-
Sheila Drury
Kemitron Industrial and
Gloucestershire
GL52 5AJ
4. Ms
po 1 ment will be an advantage.
Further details and application
form available from:
Scientific Computers
21-23 Charles Street, Hoole Chief Administrative Officer
Chester CH2 3AY
Tel: Chester (0244) 21817 (is3u I till (Illman 41
ass
West Kent College of Further
Education, Brook Street
(1697) 4z gm 0 "" Tonbridge, Kent
118341

Appointments
TELEVISION ENGINEERS
NOW WHAT
ARE YOU
GETTING UP TO?
Breakfast -time television is the latest or Applied Physics are acceptable for
important development in the long -running consideration as a Direct Entry Engineer.
story ofBBC innovation, both technical and Normal hearing and colour vision are essential,
professional. together with the personality and commitment
This is why our continuing expansion is to become a valued member 000ur team.
such good news for ambitious young Electrical So, ifyou're ready for a real career
or Electronic Engineers looking for real career challenge at the forefront of development,
prospects in lively surroundings. have a thorough knowledge of traditional
In Breakfast TV you will be sharing the electronics, and would like further details of
sense of achievement that's so important in any what working at the BBC entails, please
new venture. Remember the BBC sets the complete the coupon and send it to
standards for the rest of the broadcasting world, The Engineering Recruitment Officer, BBC,
always pioneering new applications for the Broadcasting House, London W1A 1AA,
most advanced technology. quoting reference number 82E.4067/WW
Joining us in the Television Service,
London, as a Direct Entry Engineer you will We are an equal opportunities employer.
have a starting salary ofbetween £7314 and
The Engineering Recruitment Officer, BBC, Broadcasting
£7892 plus shift working allowances of£800 - House, London W1A 1AA. Ref no. 82E.4067/WW.
£1000 pa. I Name I
Qualifications such as an HND/HNC or I Address

TEC Higher Diploma in Electronics or a Tel No
BB of
C&G Full Technological Certificate in Qualifications/Date obtained:
Telecommunications (Course 271) or a UK
degree in Electrical or Electronic Engineering L I

Appointments
£25,000?
Technical Author 1. RADIO SYSTEMS ENGS
Planning and design of line -of-sight, tro-
poscatter and satellite communications
Hampshire systems. Several companies. To £14,000
- Essex/London/Hants/Dorset/Berks.
The IBA, responsible for Independent Television and Independent Local Radio, 2. DESIGN ENGINEER (+25)
With working knowledge of optics and
requires a Technical Author/Production Supervisor to be based at its Engineering fibre optics for microprocessor -based
Headquarters near Winchester. (Z80) defence system. Small company.
, To £12,000 - Surrey.
This post is in the Documentation Unit, which has responsibility for descriptive 3, DESIGN ENGINEERS 1+251
maintenance manuals covering a wide range of electronics, with a growing For AM, FM and TV broadcast transmit-
ters using a wide range of technologies
emphasis on digital techniques. from MF to UHF, To £12,000 - Essex.
Those applying should be experienced technical authors with the ability to 4. SOFTWARE ENGINEER
For graphics and imaging display
produce original work centred around good diagrams. Applicants (male or female) systems using LSI 11 and 8086
should be qualified to HNC standard (or equivalent) in microprocessors. To £12,000 - Berks.
Electronics/Telecommunications and should have a minimum of 5 years' relevant - 5. INSTALLATION AND
experience. Other duties include the supervision of 5 support staff within the unit COMMISSIONING ENGS
For radio and TV broadcast transmitters
and the monitoring of work loads. and computer systems. To £15,000 over-
seas, to £9,000 UK.
The commencing salary will be on a range rising to £11,283 per annum. Re-
location expenses will be paid, where appropriate. 6. CONTRACT DESIGN ENGS
Long, lucrative contracts for RF, Anal-
ogue, Digital, Microwave and software
engineers. Up to £400 per week - many
INDEPENDENT areas.
IBA BROADCASTI NG
AUTHORITY
Hundreds of other electronic and com-
puter vacancies to £25,000.
Phone or write: Roger Howard
C.Eng., M.I.E., R.E., M.I.E.E.
CLIVEDEN CONSULTANTS
Please write or telephone for an application form quoting reference number 87 St. Leonard's Road Windsor, Berks.
WW/753cc to Glynis Powell, Personnel Officer, IBA, Crawley Court, Winchester, Windsor (07535157818/58022 -
24-hour service (1640)
Hampshire S021 2QA. Telephone 822270.
CLIVEDEN
Directorate of LASER -SCAN

Radio Technology LABORATORIES LTD
Telecommunications We are among the World Leaders in the
manufacture of Computer Controlled Laser
Deflection Systems and have won the 1982
officers Laser -Scan

Queen's Award for Technology.
There are currently a number of opportunities (two at We invite applications for the following post:
Kenley, Nr Croydon; one at Baldock, Herts and possibly two
in the London area) to be involved in the technical aspects of
planning, monitoring, regulation and use of frequency bands
allocated to radio communication services. Work includes IN-HOUSE
the operation, development and testing of specialised
equipment; the preparation of specifications, and type COMMISSIONING ENGINEER
approval. Required to work in a team testing and aligning the Company's precision
Candidates must have at least four years' experience and laser plotters and digitisers. A working knowledge of TTL is essential, and
must possess either ONC in Engineering including a pass in knowledge of microprocessors an advantage. Industrial experience of both
Electrical Engineering "A" or City and Guilds digital and analogue circuitry is necessary and experience in the use of lasers
and associated optics would be useful. Education qualification to a minimum
Telecommunications Technicians Certificate No 271 or the of HNC in Electrical and Electronic Engineering is required.
Intermediate Certificate plus Mathematics B, To the successful applicant we can offer pleasant working conditions, com-
Telecommunications Principles B, and either Radio and Line petitive salaries, non-contributory sickness scheme and other fringe benefits.
Transmission B or Telephony B or Telegraphy B or City and
Guilds Radio, Television and Electronics Technicians
Certificate No 272 or a pass in the Council of Engineering Application forms obtainable from:
Institutions Part examination or TEC/SCOTEC Certificate in a
I Personnel Officer, Laser -Scan Laboratories Ltd, Cambridge
relevant discipline or an equivalent qualification. Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 4BH. Telephone:
(02231 69872.
Ex-Service personnel with formal approved Service 118001
technical training and at least three years' appropriate
service in a senior technical capacity will also be considered.
Applicants should be familiar with the operation,
maintenance and testing of radio communication equipment
and should have a knowledge of current radio systems. TRINITY HOUSE LIGHTHOUSE SERVICE, LONDON
Salary: £5980-£8180; Kenley £454 more, London up to
£1087 more. Starting salary may be above the minimum for ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
those with additional relevant experience. Good promotion GRADE PTO Il SALARY £9,021-£10,328 p.a.
experience. Applicants must have had a sound training in radio and light current work asso-
ciated with UHF, VHF and MF communications, remote monitoring and control systems.
RELOCATION ASSISTANCE MAY BE AVAILABLE.
Experience in detailed planning, preparation of procurement specifications and
For further details and an application form (to be returned drawings, manufacturers' acceptance testing, field trials and commissioning is essen-
by 11 November 1982) write to Civil Service Commission, tial.
Alencon Link, Basingstoke, Hants RG21 1JB, or telephone Some knowledge of landline signalling techniques, simple computer programming
Basingstoke (0256) 68551 (answering service operates and micro -technology would be an advantage.
outside office hours). Please quote ref: T/5845. Possession of a degree in electronics/radio engineering or equivalent is required.
Generous leave allowance, pension scheme and flexible working hours.
Home Office (1823)

Apply to The Establishment Officer, Trinity House Lighthouse Service, Tower Hill,
London EC3N 4DH or Telephone 01-480 6601 Ext. 289.
118121

Appointments
Are you flying high like

the Sony Broadcast bird?
The silver bird is the symbol of Sony Broadcast Ltd, a Company which in just over 4 years has
become one of the world leaders in professional broadcast television equipment. Our exciting range
of products includes video cameras, VTR's/VCR's, editing control systems and a range of digital
audio equipment. We are about to commence a significant planned expansion programme and
applications are invited for the following new career positions.
Lecturer Proposals Engineer
Two vacancies exist within our Technical Training Ideal for engineers experienced in the Broadcast TV
Department. A Lecturer is required to conduct theoretical industry who now wish to utilize their knowledge in a
and practical courses on our range of cameras and a dynamic commercial environment. Duties will include the
second opening exists for a person to concentrate on preparation of detailed and concise customer proposals,
editors. Applicants should have experience of complete with pricing information and extensive customer
professional broadcast television equipment and possess and inter Company liaison will be necessary.
the ability to present ideas clearly. Scope exists for Field Service Engineer
occasional overseas travel and training on our range of To be engaged in the service and repair of a wide range
products and in lecturing skills will be given where of sophisticated equipment, including video cameras,
appropriate. VTR's and editing control systems. A high level of self
motivation and initiative is required in order to successfully
Product Engineer (Editing Systems) undertake customer visits throughout Europe, Africa and
To provide technical support to the Marketing and the Middle East.
Engineering divisions of the Company on our range of
professional video tape editors. The position combines Field Service Engineer (London Based)
in-depth technical involvement with inter departmental Reporting to the Service Manager, who is based in
and customer liaison and there will be an opportunity for Basingstoke, the successful applicant will be responsible
for the service and repair of the full range of our
overseas travel.
Applicants should be graduate electronic engineers who equipment. Candidates should live in the London area,
have some experience in video technology gained either possess a relevant qualification in electronics and have
in operational television or its allied manufacturing
several years experience in operational television or its
industry. allied manufacturing industry.
Sales Engineer (UK)
Commissioning/QA Support Engineer An engineer with experience in operational television or its
To join a small team responsible for the evaluation of allied manufacturing industry is required to join our UK
product performance. Key activities will include sales team. Applicants should be aged 25-35, highly
commissioning, assistance in product customisation and motivated and able to work on their own initiative. Previous
the establishment and maintenance of ATE. Full product sales experience would be advantageous although this is
training w II be given and there will be an opportunity for not essential.
overseas travel. Senior Engineer - Measurement and Maintenance
To be responsible for a wide range of equipment in our
Systems Project Engineer Technical Training Department. Applicants should have
To join a young and enthusiastic team involved in the extensive experience in practical maintenance and
design, manufacture and commissioning of complex measurement techniques on VTR's, editing systems and
static and mobile television systems. Candidates for this Cameras. Many of our products are micro processor
challenging and responsible position should have direct controlled, and a knowledge of micro processors, logical
experience of sound and television principles gained in analysers and signature analysis techniques is desirable.
operational television or its allied manufacturing industry. Extensive product training will be given where necessary.
We offer an excellent remuneration package with first-class conditions of employment and fringe benefits.
The prospects for personal development within the Company are considerable, and if you are interested, please
write with brief details of career and present salary to: Mike Jones, Senior Personnel Officer, Sony Broadcast Limited,
City Wall House, Basing View, Basingstoke,
Hampshire RG21 2LA. Telephone (0256) 55011
Sony Broadcast Ltd.
SONY® City Wall House

Basing View, Basingstoke
Hampshire RG21 2LA
3roaccast United Kingdom
11835)

Appointments
CAMBRIDGE HEALTH AUTHORITY UNITED NATIONS
Medical Physics Department v invites applications from
ADDENBROOKE'S HOSPITAL Ntu
Hills Road, Cambridge RADIO OPERATORS
Medical Physics and RADIO TECHNICIANS
Technicians To serve in Field Service missions. Must be available for assignment
(Electronics) any part of the world.
Grades Ill and IV RADIO OPERATORS must hold 1st or 2nd Radio Operator's licence
from Telecommunications Authority. Minimum international Morse
code speed 30 wpm on semi -automatic key (Vibroplex), teletype
Two electronics technicians are required to provide a minimum 50 wpm - must be able to operate and maintain telegraph
wide range of support services within the Cambridge and voice radio transmitters, receivers and ancillary equipment such
as trailer power units, TTY, TD, etc. and be familiar with erection of
area. Duties include maintenance, repair, development
mobile radio stations' antennae and emergency repairs. Salary
and construction of a wide range of equipment. The MPT US$17,742 (net after Staff Assessment $14,850 with dependents,
Ill will also provide support to the CT Head Scanner in $14,011 at single rate).
conjunction with other staff.
RADIO TECHNICIANS must have a diploma from a Radio Technical
Minimum qualification OTEC or equivalent but HTEC/HNC School and be able to install, maintain and operate fixed transmitters
preferred. MPT Ill applicants must have three years' rele- up to 40 kW, mobile and portable transmitting equipment, commu-
vant experience. Applicants should hold a valid driving nications receivers, diversity systems and ancillary equipment asso-
licence. ciated with above, FSK, Teletype equipment and power generators.
Must also be able devise and erect omni-directional antennae and
feeder lines. Climbing antennae masts may be required as field
Salaries: missions do not normally employ riggers for this purpose. Mainten-
MPT III £5,536 (starting) rising to £7,155 per annum. ance and repair teletype equipment of Teletype Corp. and Siemens
MPT IV £4,668 (starting) rising to £6,137 per make may be required. If candidates not experienced in these opera-
annum. tions at recruitment time, they should be willing to acquire profi-
(NB Pay award pending) ciency on teletype within a reasonable time. Salary US$20,715 (net
after Assessment $16,880 with dependents, $15,891 at single rate).
For further details contact Mr. P. E. Ward, Principal Medi- All candidates must have a valid driver's licence and must have a very
cal Physics Technician, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills good knowledge of English. Appointments are for six months to one
year, with possibility of renewal and are subject to medical examina-
Road, Cambridge. Tel. (0223) 245151, Ext. 471. tion. In addition to salary a monthly mission allowance will be paid in
local currency. This allowance varies according to duty station. Good
Application form and job description from: Personnel additional benefits.
Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cam-
bridge. Tel. (0223) 245151, Ext. 7350. Candidates may apply in writing to:
(1805)
Miss Faith Metcalf, Office of Personnel

UNITED NATIONS Room UNDC 200-
New York, NY 10017 USA 18061
NOVEMBER! FAT BEARS HIBERNATE -

KEEN ENGINEERS START AFRESH!
DEVELOPMENT ENGINEER
To design mobile (on water or in the air) transmitters and receivers in the low to
very high frequency range. Up to (10,000 p.a. for an experienced graduate. Also
CHUBB ELECTRONICS
required, a qualified and experienced technician to test and provide fast design
services on process and quality control. Industrial systems based on
8080/8085/8088/8048 Micros at up to £9,000 p.a. in North Bucks.
DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERS AND
SENIOR PROGRAMMER
To write high speed Real -Time multi -task software, largely in assembler but also DESIGN DRAUGHTSPERSONS
high level languages on D.E.C. Processors running under RSX-11 for data collec-
tion and processing. Experience essential and a good (Engineering) degree.
Salary up to £11,000 p.a. in West Hants.
ENFIELD - UP TO £11,000 P.A.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT ENGINEER Chubb Electronics is a forward -looking company,
To back up Ethernet networks of Intel Microprocessors (some with a PDP 11 specialising in electronic security systems. Our Enfield
Host). Must be very good at software and know protocols and communications in division is currently developing a range of electronic
a business automation environment for up to E13,000 p.a. in Bucks.
equipment and devices to meet our UK and overseas
market requirements.
Charles AirEg Associates
Tempo House, 15 Falcon Road, Battersea, London SW11 2PJ
We have vacancies for electronic design engineers and
draughtspersons with proven design experience in a
Tel: 01-223 7882 or 228 6294
commercial environment, keen to deal with projects
1357 from specification stage through to production.
Development Engineers
We are looking for young electronics design engineers to
N
support existing teams working on microprocessor -
CAPITAL HOUSE based systems, and/or analogue circuit design covering
29-30 WINDMILL a variety of interesting tasks of a multi -disciplinary
C4PffAL
APPOINTMENTS LTD.
STREET
LONDON W 1 P 1HG
TEL: 01-637 5551
nature.
Design Draughtspersons
We are looking for draughtspersons to be responsible for
THE UK's No. 1 ELECTRONICS AGENCY mechanical and printed circuit board design for complete
Design, Development and Test to E14,000
projects from initial concepts through to issue of produc-
Ask for Brian Cornwell tion drawings.
SALES to £15,000 plus car
Formal qualifications are desirable. Promotion opportu-
Ask for Maurice Wayne
nities within the company are good.
FIELD SERVICE to £12,000 plus car Please send C.V. to:
c
Ask for Paul Wallis
The Development Manager
We have vacancies in ALL AREAS of the U.K. GUARDALL LIMITED
Ask for a Free Jobs List Alexandra Road, Enfield
Middlesex EN3 7ER
Telephone: 01-637 5551 (3 lines) Tel: 01-805 7222 (18571

122
Appointments
The Royal Marsden Hospital
Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey
MEDICAL PHYSICS
TECHNICIAN
ENGINEERS
GRADE III
Required to work in a techni-
cal group in the busy
Radiotherapy Department of
this hospital. The person ap-
pointed will be chiefly res- FOR TOP BRITISH MICRO MANUFACTURER
ponsible for maintenance
work on a Linear Accelerator.
Applicants should possess an
ONC, HNC, HND or similar
£8.2 TO 12.7K. OXFORD -BASED
qualification in electrical engi-
neering or electronics and
have at last 3 years' technical
experience.
Salary scale £6,093 to £7,712
Research Machines is a leading In addition, he/she will be
p.a. UK manufacturer of concerned with the introduction
For an application form and
further details please contact microcomputers for scientific, of new products, following
the Personnel Department - through from design
Tel: 01-352 8171 ext: 446. engineering and educational
(1817)
applications. Our systems have specification to in-house or sub-
earned a particular reputation contract volume manufacture.
for performance, reliability and This will involve working
quality of manufacture -a closely with Development
UNIVERSITY OF YORK
Department of Electronics reputation which is due to the Engineering, Purchasing,
Applications are invited for the
post of strength of our engineering Production, Finance and Sales
SENIOR TECHNICIAN team. Departments.
(GRADE 51
workshop of the new
in the central
Department of Electronics. The
The continuing development of
It is likely that the successful
workshop staff are responsible for
the maintenance of electronic in-
our product range and the applicants will be educated to
struments and for the de-
velopment and cpnstruction of
expansion of our manufacturing HNC or degree level and have
electronic equipment for teaching
and research purposes.
capacity has led to a demand for worked for a minimum of 3
Applicants are expected to have an
appropriate qualification and con-
additional engineers to work in years in the Design, Production
siderable experience of electronics
engineering, preferably including
our Production Engineering or Production Engineering
computers. The salary scale is cur-
rently £5,695-£6,650 (under re-
Department. departments of an electronics
view).
Applications giving full details of company. A knowledge of
age, education and experience to-
gether with the names and electronics could be a distinct
addresses of two referees, should
be sent to: Mrs. E. D. Heavens,
The successful applicants will be advantage.
Senior Administrative Assistant, responsible for ensuring we
University of York, York Y01 5DD,
by Friday, 12th November.
(1836)
make efficient use of our We offer a particularly attractive
manufacturing resources by range of benefits, including
identifying areas for good salary; 25 days paid
improvement and holiday; free BUPA, life and
recommending and disability insurance, pension
The Royal Marsden Hospital
Fulham Road, SW3
implementing changes. These scheme and help with relocation
Medical Physics changes might be to the expenses.
Technician Grade II/III production or workstation
Required in the Radiotherapy and Phy- layouts, to the assembly If you are interested in these
sics Electronics Workshop of the above
hospital. The person appointed will work techniques, to the testing vacancies please contact Pat
in a small group responsible for the
maintenance of radiotherapy equipment
including three Cobalt units, a Philips 10
procedures or to the product Kember by 'phone or letter for
MeV Linear Accelerator and Drthovol-
tage X -Ray equipment. design. an application form.
Applicants should have expe-ience in
electronics and electrical and mechani-
cal servicing.
Applicants for MPT III should hold ONC,
HNC or similar qualification in electrical,
engineering or electronics with at least
three years' relevant technical exper-
ience. Entry to MPT II grade is open to a
technician who has served at east two
years as a Technician Ill.
MPT Ill Salary on scale: £6468-f8087
(pay award pending)
MPT II Salary on scale: £7600-f9248 Wind ( )\2 (08(-C,) 2h ti,
(pay award pending)
RESEARCH MACHINES LTD Mill `,tri t t, ( t)8MV', 1eI I
For application form and further details

please contact: The Personnel Depart-
ment, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham
Road, London, SW3. Tel: 01-352 8171
Ext446. 11824)

Classified
FIELD ENGINEER
Quality Controller
The Spares and Service Unit of both civil and military customers.
For independent AV ser-
vice company to work
on language laborato-
ries and other educa-
Marconi Avionics Limited is responsible
tional equipment in the
Applicants should have had previous London area. Requires
for the maintenance of a complete experience and knowledge of the
range of Airborne Electronics
practical knowledge of
airborne electronics industry and must Audio and Control
equipments for customers throughout be familiar with CAA and MOD
the world. The equipments are not
Electronics, with some
Quality requirements. mechanical aptitude.
only of Marconi manufacture but We offer a competitive salary,
include all the leading American and
Salary to £8,000 + car
together with a wide range of fringe according to exper-
European makes. benefits including canteen, pension
We now require a Quality
ience.
scheme and subsidised private medical
Controller to be responsible for the insurance. Please write to:
operation of a small quality department, Pleasewrite with brief personal and
overseeing the activities of a workshop career details to Mr R Shead, Airadio Bellnorgis Ltd.
of some thirty people repairingand Spares and Service Unit, 9-11 Kensington High St.
overhauling a wide range of communi- 22-26 Dalston Gardens, Stanmore, London W8 5NP
cation and navigation equipment for Middlesex HA71BZ. (179e)
118141
MARCONI R & D OPPORTUNITIES. Senior level vacan

cies for Communications Hardware and Software
:c
Engineers, based in West Sussex. Competitive
AVK salaries offered. Please ring David Bird at Redif-

fusion Radio Systems on 01-874 7281. (1162
WESSEX REGIONAL DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL PHYSICS
ELECTRONICS ENGINEER/
PHYSICIST
requires an
Senior Test
(Basic grade) to join a small team providing electronics support to clinical
and scientific groups in Southampton hospitals.
The post is based in the electronics section of the medical physics depart-
ment at the large and modern Southampton District General Hospital.
The work involves the application of the latest electronic techniques to a
Technicians
Ultra are leaders in the manufacture of
wide variety of problems in many different areas of medicine and the sophisticated communication equipment. The Test
successful candidate will be expected to design and construct equipment
to a high standard under the supervision of a senior electronics engineer. Department now seeks Senior Test Technicians to
A good Honours degree in electronics or physics is essential and relevant carry out a wide range of test work associated with
practical experience is desirable. The starting salary will be in the range the company's products and equipment. You will
of £5,667-£6,745 per annum (under review) according to postgraduate
experience. also provide a versatile capacity in fault finding,
calibration and final product testing with the
For further information or to make an application please contact: minimum of supervision.
Professor T. Shelley, Dept. of Medical Physics, Level D, Centre Block, Aged 21 plus, you will have a Technician's
Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, S09 4XY.
Tel: Southampton 777222 ext. 4205. certificate or equivalent in electronics and/or at
(1799) least five years practical test experience.
A highly competitive salary is offered together
with a good benefits package that includes 24 days
holiday, sports and social club, subsidised canteen
HULL HEALTH AUTHORITY and contributory pension scheme.
Please telephone Diana Palmer on 01-578 0081
ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN Extn. 249.
GRADE II
DOWìrl'( Ultra ElectronicCommunications Ltd.
Applications are invited from persons with an HNC in
Electronics or an equivalent qualification, to join a small UEL: 419 Bridport Road, Greenford 1Fading Estate
Greenford, Middlesex.
team of technicians working in the Hull and East Electronic Communications Ltd.
Yorkshire Health Authorities. Duties involve maintaining
a wide range of X-ray, biochemistry and electronics
equipment, including SMA Analysers and CT scanner.
Applicants must have experience of X-ray equipment and
be car owner/drivers.
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ARTICLES FOR SALE
Salary: £6,668 per annum rising by annual increments to
£8,316 per annum.
Further details may be obtained from Mr P. Hall, Assistant BUSINESS 6
MULTIPLE RIVETING M/Cs
off Multiple SO1000 Riveting mica manufactured in 1976
;
Area Engineer, Tel. (0482) 223191 ext. 108. by Kocher K.G. Swluedand. Stroke 30mm, Riveting
OPPORTUNITY power 1003 Kg. 24V Voltage. Motor OA kW 1500 rpm. M/c
dw pneumatic sliding table and controls moaned on
bench with bowl feeder.
Application forms and job description available from the Electronic test equipment sale Price: £1,000 each o.n.o.
District Personnel Office, Hull Health Authority, Victoria and distribution. Well estab-
House, Park Street, Hull, tel. (0482) 223191, ext. 99. lished company. Tri TAVISHELM
HYDRAUtx,S INTERNATIONAL UMfED
HYPraaa Houes, Station Cbea
Closing date: 3rd November 1982. Ring (0925) 68339 Poltava Bar, Hera ENS 171.
(1841) (18181 Telephon: 0707 43434

Classified
SITUATIONS VACANT
At HM Government Communications Centre,

we're applying the very latest ideas on electronics and
Engineers & other technologies to the problems of sophisticated

communications systems, designed to enable and protect
the flow of essential information.
The work is of the highest technical challenge,
Scientists offering full and worthwhile careers to men and women of

high ability, on projects covering the following areas of
interest: -
RADIO - from HF to microwave, including
advanced modulation systems, propagation
£9,126 studies, applications of Microcircuitry.
MAGNETICS SIGNAL ANALYSIS
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
Applicants, under 30 years of age, should have a
good honcurs degree or equivalent qualification in a
relevant subject, but candidates about to graduate may
also apply.
Appointments are as Higher Scientific Officer
(£6,840-£9,126) or Scientific Officer (£5,422-£7,399)
Communications R & D... according to qualifications and experience. Promotion
prospects.
...the leading edge For an application form, please write to the
Recruitment Officer, (Dept. W/W 11), HM Government
Communications Centre, Hanslope Park,
(1589)
Milton Keynes, MK19 7BH.
SCOTTISH OFFICE
DIRECTORATE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Technical Writer/ WIRELESS TECHNICIAN

Reporter Applications are invited for 1post of Wireless Technician in the Central Services Depart-
ment of the Scottish Office. The post is based in East Kiibride.
Candidates must hold an Ordinary National Certificate in Electronic or Electrical Engi-
neering or a City and Guilds of London Institute Certificate in an appropriate subject or a
Enthusiastic journalist, ideally with technical qualifications qualification of a higher or equivalent standard and have 3 years' appropriate experience.
(HNC) or degree) and experience, to work on MIDDLE EAST Some assistance may be given with relocation expenses.
ELECTRONICS. A valid UK driving licence is essential.
Application forms and further information are obtainable from Scottish Office Personnel
This successful, monthly magazine is read by senior Division, Room 110, 16 Waterloo Place, Edinburgh EH1 3DN (quote ref PM/PTS) 2/3/82
(031-556 8400, ext. 4317 or 5028).
electronics engineers in the Middle East, and the Editor is Closing date for receipt of completed application forms is 12 November, 1982.
looking for a responsible number two to develop the jour- (1808)
nal's potential.
Usual writing and subbing skills essential plus knowledge of ARTICLES FOR SALE
the industry and preferably experience of developing
countries and their technology problems. Computer Sc ence
TELEVISION
background an advantage. SERVICE THE SCIENTIFIC
WIRE COMPANY
Our UK office is located in Morden, Surrey, but we offer ENGINEER P.O. Box 30, London, E.4
opportunities for travel and a salary of £8,400 per annum. We are an expanding Television ENAMELLED COPPER WIRE
Rental and Retail company with a
Terms and conditions are in accordance with the IPC,NUJ vacancy for an additional Televi-
SWG 11b fbz 4oz 2oz
agreemert. 8 to 29 2.76 1.50 /0 .ë0

sion Service Engineer. 30 to 34 310 110 .90 .70
35 to 40 3.40 2.00 1.10 .60
Suitable applicant will pre- 41 to 43 4.75 260 2.00 1.42
ferably hold an R.T.E.B. certificate 47 6.37 5.32 3.19 2.50
Write or (phone for an application form to the Editor, Ray or be training towards this Qualifi- 48 to 49 15.96 9.56 6.36 3.69
Ashmore, Middle East Electronics, Crown House, 14th Floor, cation. SILVER PLATED COPPER WIRE
London Road, Morden, Surrey SM4 5DX. Tel: 01-543 3051. The post is directly responsible 14 to 30 6.50 3.75 220 1.40
to the Service Manager. TINNED COPPER WIRE
IPC Business Press is an equal opportunity employer A clean driving licence is essen- 14 to 30 3.36 2.36 1.34 .90
tial. Prices include P&P, VAt and Wire Data. SAE

(1839) for list Dealer enquiries welcome.
A spacious flat is available if re- Reg Office: 22 Coningsby Gardens
190631
quired.
I I-71BUSMIESSPRESS Hydes of Chertsey Ltd., 56/60

Guildford Street, Chertsey, Sur-
rey. KT16 9BE. Chertsey 63243.
THE LARGEST COMPLEX OF BUSINESS
Cry tal
AND SPECIALIST PUBLICATIONS IN THE WORLD.
ARTICLES FOR SALE

(1434)
ACCURATE
RELIABLE
[ 4i,
lIF'
G.W.M. RADIO LTD., 40/42 Portland Road, COMPONENT CLEARANCE: resistors, capa- XWD RADIO EQUIPMENT over 500 sets in
Worthing, Sussex. Tel. 34897. Many one-off sur- citors, relays, transistors, ICs, hardware, etc., etc. stock from £8. Send 50p for illustrated catalogue
plus bargains for callers. Marconi Marine Atlanta 5 Kgs. £5.75. 10 Kgs £9.50. 20 Kgs £15.50. Post (including £1 voucher). Weirmede Ltd, 129 St
receivers from £65. Hazeltine 3000 VDU and free. Transformers: 12V 4 amp twice £6. P&P £2. Albans Road, Watford, Herts. Tel. Watford
keyboard £200. Offers for quantity. Five Access, Barclaycard. Weirmede Ltd, 129 St Al- (0923)49456. (1831) Private enquises send 13p in stamps lot D'achure
weatherproof loudspeakers, bin. x gin. £10 inc. bans Road, Watford, Herts. Tel. Watford (0923)
P&P. Ex-Home Office standby PSU 24 volts, 49456. (1832 PARAPHYSICS JOURNAL: Russian transla-
Nife cells mains charger £20. R!f in small and tions about psychotronic generators, Kirlianogra- THE QUARTZ CRYSTAL CO. LTD:
large quantities, bought and sold. All surplus OSCILLOSCOPE DC to 100 MHz DB dual TB phy, gravity lasers, telekinesis, contacting Q.C.C. WORKS, WELLINGTON CRESCENT
wanted. Ex -Navy brass clocks, large secondhand Japanese copy Techtronics 485, new and unused, extraterrestrial civilisations, UFOs, bioelectric NEW MALDEN, SURREY 01-9410334 & 2989
and small inner dial for hours and minutes, £85 complete with manual, probes, coven £695 ex- auras, dowsing in USSR, etc. Details sae 4"x9":
inc. P&P. (1821) cluding. Tel: 01-991 0070. (1819) Paraphysical Laboratory, Dowton, Wilts. (1828) (8493)

Classified
ARTICLES FOR SALE
TO MANUFACTURERS, WHOLESALERS
BULK BUYERS, ETC.
BANKRUPT STOCK LARGE QUANTITIES OF RADIO. TV AND
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS FOR DISPOSAL
'SEMICONDUCTORS, all types, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, TRANSISTORS,
Approximately 150 19 inch XY black and white DIODES, RECTIFIERS, THYRISTORS, etc. RESISTORS, C/F, M/F, W/W, etc.
monitors, manufactured by Electroholme of CAPACITORS, SILVER MICA, POLYSTYRENE, C280, C296, DISC CERA-
MICS, PLATE CERAMICS, etc.
Canada. ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSERS, SPEAKERS, CONNECTING WIRE,
Brand new, in their original cartons. New cost CABLES, SCREENED WIRE, SCREWS, NUTS, CHOKES, TRANSFOR-
over £150 each. Open to any sensible offer for MERS, etc.
the lot. ALL AT KNOCKOUT PRICES -
Come and pay us a visit ALADDIN'S CAVE
TELEPHONE: 445 0749/445 2713
Telephone: 0604 858075 21
BROADFIELDS & MAYCO DISPOSALS
Lodge Lane, North Finchley, London, N.12
(1827) 15 minutesfrom Tally Ho Corner) (1613)
TEST EQUIPMENT
... E46E675 INSTRUMENT BARGAINS RACAL COMMUNICATIONS
TeL 463 C75 MHz ....
Tel 5111 + 5A2ON +5610N. Storage ..... .....Er6 RECEIVERS
Tek. 5648 Storage complete.... .. ..1375 New, Bankrupt Stock. SAE for details.
DEW -POINT HYGROMETER, non -opti-
500 Kc/s -
30Mc/s 1Mhz wide. RA17L £175. -
Tek. 301, 303, 3.487 Plug ins, each LIS
only £295
RAVIE -
£225. A few sets available as new at
TeL 611 Storage Monitor -...... ._ _1785 cal. Originally over £1,000 £75 extra. All receivers are air tested and cali-
Tek. 45350 MIN Scope (excellent cond.) .... ..ISIS PLAT. RES. THERMOMETER, Hand-held,
TeL 545545A Mamfremea..__.. ..._ _.. í$ LCD, 3 wire. Half-price at £55
brated in our workshop, supplied with full
Telequipmant 06350 MHz 61/2 inch tube .._. .....1525 manual, dust cover, in fair used condition. New
H.P. 140* Scope, complete __. _.-.-....... _.......-_......SIG
H.P. 1400 Sanas Plug -ins. each__. _._........._. _...__...... fE
DPM P.R. THERMOMETER with integral
lineariser, PSU, case. 3 wire £50 Perforated Metals - black metal louvred cases for above seta £25
each. 4/900 ISO -
SS8 - -
£75. RA210 -
M.P. 680M Chan Recorder_..._._ .............._..._..._..__.....1158 31/2 dig. LED DPM. 2V. with PSU, case Screens, Plastics, Wire SSB -
ISB and fine tune for RA117 £50. -
Marconi TF 2600WM ____ _....., -.........115
and temp. option £35
9 dig. 7-seg. mux-ed LED displays. Com.
Meshes, Sifting Media, TRANSMITTER DRIVE UNIT RAN. 1.5mc/s -
Merton TF 2700LCR Bridge. .. __. ....116
each £1.50 Cable Tray, Gratings, direct 30mc/s-SSO- ISO -oSB-FSM-CW-
Marconi TP 241525 MHz Counter ....... .-. 191 Cath. £150. AERIAL TUNING UNIT and protection unit
Bryan 20170 KY Plotter_. _. _. _. _... _.. _..... _.._._. _-_....116
_.ha
ALSO: from Manufacturer's Stock. MA19713 -
£25 to £50. DECADE FREQUENCY
GEC Mmitest Meters Scalamp Multi -range Galvo £15
We can cut to size. GENERATOR MA3508 Solid state synthesiser
ASR 33 es 175
.....16
Micrometer DIELECTRIC MEA- for MAN or RAM - -
RA217 -
RA1217 £150
KSR 33 Teletypes
Oetadynemka Teletypes
_..
....
_..
_. ....175 SUREMENT jig, Teak case. Marconi
£75 We specialise in one -offs or
to £200. MA250 - -
1.6mc/s to 31.6mc/s £150
H.P.4200A Universal Bndge ......_...._ ....................._.. 11189 TJ2238 INewl. MAt50G - precision frequency stan-
Hedin himece -27 to 150' Canagrade, 3.7 cu. It MM Quartz marine CHRONOMETER (ex large quantities. dard - 5mc/s Imc/s 100khz - £100 to £250.
Transatlantic voyage) £35 RACAL MA152 - Standing wave ratio indica-
All working and calibrated. All prices exclusive of VAT.
7-seg. LEDs. C.C. 21.43" HP DL7653. All tor. FX2mc/s - 25mc/s Power up to 1000watts
Carriage eddinonal
TIMEBASE tested each 85p GRAEPEL PERFORATORS - 50 ohms - Auto trip switch - Transistor
94 AHriston Gardens Please add 5% P&P mains 100 - 250AC, new and boxed - £40.
Sholing, Southampton, 9FU 'Instruments', Old Hall, Thriplow RACAL COUNTER 83619036) 32mc/s TTL circuit
TEL: 431323 Unit 1-B, CHARLES STREET Dept WS, -
tested with manual -
Royston, Herts. SG8 7QY design £50 to £75.
Callers welcome
Access, Barclaycard -
telephone your order Tel. Fowlmere (078-382)440 (1830)
WALSALL STAFFS WS2 911
Tel. 0922 611644/611414. Telex 335291
OSCILLOSCOPES COSSOR COU150 35mc/s - -
118451 Twin Beam -
Solid State -
£175 with manual.
TEXTRONIC OSCILLOSCOPE 647 end 647A Solid
State -
50mc/s and 100mc/s bandwidth £250 -
POWER V MOS-FET and £350. Tested, circuit and instructions.
HYDROKIT RACAL COUNTER 801 M-125 Mc-S £50.
Calcomp Head Alignment Meter 045. TECHNOLOGY Hydraulic Flypress Conversion IMAGE INTENSIFIERS Mallard- G.E.C. or -
Sweep Generators, 4-900MHz, £40-£135.
New Xuron Tools Set, £55. Avo 9 Mk. 5, We specialise in all aspects of this important E.E. Type XX 1060 very high gain self -focusing
£69. 24 -channel UV Recorder, £75. Pneu- subject A comprehensive service is offered to Complete Hydraulic Kits
image intensifier assembly for night vision
matic Shears - fast trimming assem- individual or OEM users, including: comprising: Power Pack, systems. Minimum luminance gain 35,000.
bled PC Boards, etc., £25. Contaflex SLR * Hitachi Supertax and RCA V MOS-FET from
stock.
Control Valve, Rem,
Hoses and Fittings. Suit-
Supplied as received from Government
supplies in original box (used) with data sheets
(Sinusoidal shutter), ideal video, TV
stills, £49. Oxygen Analyser, £59. De- ** V MOS-FET power modules from stock.
Competitive prices (120 watt modules
able for many applica-
tions including Flypress
- £12 ea. (P&P+ VAT =fá.25).
All items are bought direct from H.M. Govern-
cade Box (mhos), Sullivan Standard Conversions. Working
Cap, £25; another, £35. Fenlow SA4 £15.45, 1 off). pressure 2,000 p.s.i. 2-10 ment, being surplus equipment Price is ex -
Spectrum Analyser, £98. Phase meter, ** Printed circuits and kits.
Data books and application notes.
tons. Stroke 4in. Adjusta-
ble relief valve. Power
works. SAE for all enquiries. Phone for appoint-
ment for demonstration of any item. John's
£65. 30KV EHT Meter, £29. Marconi TF
2600, £65. TF 1064, £75. Various RF, AFI * Design, evaluation and advice service.
Catalogue/sample data sent free (50p stamp
pressure and return. Radio, Whitehall Works, 84 Whitehall Road
East, Birkenshaw, Bradford BD11 2ER. Tel.
rig -gens. HP clip-on DC Milliameter, £65. PRICE FROM E425
Tektronix Transistor Curve Tracer, £95. appreciated towards post and packing). 10274)684007. V.A.T. and Carriage extra. 18491
Centrifuge, 049. EEL Universal Densi - Phone 02514 22303 and ask Richard Welsh
about your application requirement or write:
motor, £25. Headphones, stereo, mono,
binaural, suit school, etc., £4.50 ea.
"HYDROKFTS" ARE COMPLETE
Just remove arm of press and operate screw 80x24 VDU
Laser, £49. Melting Point Apparatus,
AUDIO TECHNOLOGY shaft, fit hydraulic ram assembly with manual All the electronics for a 24 lines by 80
£25. Cryogenic (refrigeration) Tester,
Freepost, Church Crookham valve (all supplied), fill with hydraulic oil and characters visual display unit on one as-
£25. Watson Microscope, £89. Office
Aldershot, Hants- ßU13 OBR connect to power source, 13 amp or 3-phase. sembled and tested printed circuit board
Send details of press or ask for questionnaire. measuring 8.75 inch x 6.50 inch.
photocopiers £75-£115. You provide: power supply +5v at 1.2
040-376 236
11771)
Printer
Stand Pss
PSL
Ta
TAVISHELM HYDRA1JUCS INTERNATIONALLIMITED
Hypress House, Station Close, Potters
amps +12v/ -12v at 25mA, ASCII en-
coded keyboard, video monitor.
The VDU -1 will talk to the R.S.232 serial
port on your computer, at up to 19,200
Baud 56 features including cursor (X, Y)
*Handsomely Bar, Herts. EN8 1TL. Tel. Potters Bar addressing.
crafted in
(0707)43434
6mm tinted (1735) VDU -1 Assembled and tested PCB £135
INVERTERS Perspex PSU -1 VDU -1 power supply £32
High quality DC -AC. Also "no * PSS model for Microline 6002413, Epson MX -60, Shai-
koshe GP 140, etc. £15.6+VAT
BUY BULK - SAYE MONEY All prices subject to £2.50 registered de-
livery, plus VAT.
break" (2ms) static switch, * PSI for Microline M, Epson MX62, etc. f17.95+VAT
All goods new full spec devices, sent by return.
Post £1 any qty. No VAT. SAE List SIRIUS CYBERNETICS
19'r rack. Auto Charger. 1N4148 £10/k 74LS93 £18/100 16DIL skt £6/100 Comyn Lodge, 66 Holly Walk
1N4003 £16/k 74LS112 £12/100 5mm Red LED Leamington Spa, Warwickshire
APPLE PADDLE
1N4007 £22/k 74LS132 £22/100 £32/k (5/100 Tel. 10926) 316110 (19451.
*Male connector to Apple slot with 12" colour coded BC107 £6/100 TBA120C £15/100 BC182L£4/100
cables for prolo boards, external unie, etc. £5.95 inc. BC108 £6/100 2114 £10/10 2N3904 £4/100
7805 07/100 8085A £27/10 555 03/100 tt70RlD't B18BEfT
ter CAMBRIDGE MICROELECTRONICS LTD.
One Milton Road, Cambridge CB41 UY
7905 £21/100 14011 skt 05/100
PC Electronics, 3 Thornhill,
LM380 £40/100
Romney Road,
NFeRR1AT10M fElO10E
(BEDI 314 014

Whiteparish, Salisbury, Wilts. SP5 2SD. Mail By rebore pees -
service/workshop manuals. Over 2800
eximsze only. (1811) Sony - over 333 different CTV plus huge stocks VCRAV/
Audio/foreign and UK.
COMPUTER POWER SYSTEMS Any single service sheet f1 + ace. Repair date canted
CREED 75 KSR, £30 o.n.o. Creed 8B/RP £45 ORGAN GENERATOR 2 x 44 note keyboards
TV f6.50 (with circ. 08.501. SAE brings Me -50p mag-
o.n.o. Can be seen working on 2x80! Antique and 13 note pedal board design with sustain and -
Interport Mains -Store Ltd. buffered outputs, etc. High quality double sided I
azine/price lists/bargain offers/quotetslns unique TV
valve collection Nombrex 31 signal generator £10 ppuubhcetioes.
POB 51, London W11 3BZ o.n.o. Phone Sheffield 334370, evenings. (1816) PTH board £15, pcb only. 11fMIW. 7a awe Snot, laraasll 1816 9133310,
Rythm unit, integrated circuit 12 rythma, 6 out- IaeaAtliss M lalHE (18 37)71
Tel: 01-127 7042 or OM 310916 (9101)
LINSLEY-HOOD new 80-100 watt amplifier, puts £10. Full schematic and parts list supplied.
components and PC board available now. Other Prices include P&P. Access, Barclaycard. Send
modules to follow. Sae for literature. Teleradio, SAE for list of organ and music parts available.
325 Fore Street, Edmonton, London N9 OPE.
(1822) Leighton Electronic Services, 17 Bridge St,
807 3719. RIBBON CABLE, PLUGS AND
TELERADIO STYLI ALL TYPES supplied,
price list. Watts Radio, 8
send SAE for
The Apple Market,
Leighton Buzzard, Beds. Tel: 0525 382504.
BRIDGES, waveform/transistor analysers. Cali- CONNECTORS
For low cost instruments. Freq meters,
(1709) brators, Standards. Millivoltmeters. Dynamome- The very best quality. Proven manufac-
Kingston, Surrey. turer. Plugs and connectors soid singly
audio & RF generators. Distortion ana- ters. KW meters. Oscilloscopes. Recorders. Sig-
lysers, etc. Assembled & kits. Illus- nal generators - sweep, low distortion, true or in quantities. Cable sold by the metre
ENCAPSULATING EQUIPMENT FOR coils, or by the roll
trated lists sent on request. transformers, components, degassing silicone RMS, audio, FM, deviation. Tel. 040 376236. (1627
Ring or write:
325 Fore Street, Edmonton
rubber, resin, epoxy. Lost wax casting for brass, T.A.D. SUPPLIES
bronze, silver, etc. Impregnating coils, transfor- LAMPS AND CABLE. Large amount of lamps 5-10 Eastman Road
London N9 OPE mers, components. Vacuum equipment, low coat, and cable for sale -all types and sizes, domestic
London W3
used and new. Also for CRT regunning metallis- and industrial. Telephone MIRAGE LIGHTING
Tel: 01-807 3719 (1782 ing. Research & Development. Barratts, Mayo on HITCHIN (0462) 733388 between 10am-7pm.
(1809)
Tel: 740 0058
(1640)
Road, Croydon CRO 2QP. 01-684 9917. (9678),

126
Classified
SERVICES COURSES
Micro Processor Design UMIST

Our team of experts offer the complete service from Design Engineers
Design to Manufacture
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DICI -TEL
micro
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Artwork Prototype Development
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ELECTRONICS
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20-21 December
Microprocessor program design is
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Prototype & small batch explained using a problem
THE COMPLETE ELECTRONIC SERVICE production capacity
orientated, Pascal -like design
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Prototypes, Final Assembly.
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Quality workmanship by professionals at economic prices. Crowborough, Sussex. for any microprocessor and are
Please telephone 01-767 1233 for advice or further details. Tel. (08926) 5069 largely self -documenting.
1 FRANCISCAN ROAD
The course will be of interest to
TOOTING, LONDON SW17
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FOR THE BEST PCB SERVICE design methods and project man-
BOARDRAVEN LTD. AVAILABLE agers requiring an insight into the
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MIMED CIRCUIT BOARDS Digital and Analogue
LAYOUT DESIGN Further information from The
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Artwork Layout
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QUALITY ARTWORK Registrar, The University of Man-
ble sided. Very speedy deliveries on prototypes draughtsmen. No minimum charge.
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FAST DELIVERY REASONABLE RATES
Contact: *Board Manufacture
Prototype to semi -production, excellent rates,
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lington, North Humberside V015 30v. Tekr 24-hour prototype service from filmwork. chester M60 1OD. Telephone 061-
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qualified staff. December.
DESIGN SERVICES. Electronic design de-.
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Full test facilities available.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT. ANAL-
OGUE, DIGITAL, RF AND MICROWAVE
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velopment and production service available for One or all services avail- CIRCUIT AND SYSTEM DESIGN. Also PCB
digital and analogue instruments. RF Transmit- able, no order too small. design, mechanical design and prototype/small
ters and receivers, telemetery and control
systems. 20 years' experience. R.C.S. Electronics,
Please telephone Chelms-
ford (0245) 357935, or write
batch production. - Adenmore Limited, Unit
103 Liscombe, Bracknell, Berks. Tel: Bracknell
BOX NOs.
Wolsey Road, Ashford, Middlesex. Phone Mr to HCR Electronics, The In-
52023. (656 Box number replies should be
Falkner 53661. (8341
dustrial Unit, Parker Road,
Chelmsford. 11169) addressed to
TURN YOUR SURPLUS Capacitors, tran- DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT SERVICES. Box No
sistors, etc, into cash. Contact COLES-HAR- SMALL BATCH PCBs produced from your art- We offer a comprehensive service covering c o Wireless World
DING & Co., 103 South Brink, Wisbech, Cambs. work. Also DIALS, PANELS, LABELS. Cam-, electronic and mechanical design of systems,
0945-4188. Immediate settlement. We also wel- era work undertaken. FAST TURNAROUND. equipment or PCBs, Analogue, Digital, Quadrant House
come the opportunity to quote for complete fac- Details: Winston Promotions, 9 Hatton Place, Microprocessors. RF and Sensor techniques. The Quadrant
tory clearance. _ (9509 London ECIN 8RU. Tel. 01-405 4123/0960. ADH SYSTEMS LTD, 209 Mackie Avenue, Sutton
(9794) Brighton, Sussex. Tel. 0273 557429. (1813)
Surrey SM2 5AS
CAPACITY AVAILABLE ARTICLES WANTED
TW ELECTRONICS LTD
THE PCB ASSEMBLERS
BUSINESS
ENGINEERS LTD.
WANTED WANTED
More and more companies are investi- Secondhand standard of re- Test equipment, receivers,
gating the advantages of using a profes- THE COMPLETE sistors, capacitors and induc- valves, transmitters, compo-
sional subcontractor. Such an undertak- tors. AC and standard cells.
ing requires certain assurances. SERVICE nents, cable and electronic
Fine limit sheet metal work. Very high accuracy precision scrap, and quantity. Prompt
TW are able to satisfy all of them - measuring instruments.
quality, competitive pricing, firm delivey C&C Weideman NC Break service and cash. Member of
and close co-operation with the cus-
Presses. All types of welding. Manufacturers: Tinsley, A.R.R.A.
tomer. Guildline, Fluke, JRL, etc.
Stove enamel painting and Phone Tonbridge (07 32)
Assembled boards at 100% inspected
before flow soldering and reinspected
after automatic cropping and cleaning.
silk screen printing. 355993 M&B RADIO
Every batch of completed boards is is- Site 12, Cranborne Industrial (1807) 86 Bishopsgate Street
sued with a signed certificate of confor- Estate, Cranborne Road, Leeds LS1 4BB
-
mity and quality our final assurance. Potters Bar, Hens 0532 35649
For further details, contact us at our new Tel: Potters Bar 43356
works: (18431
Blenheim Industrial Park
Bury St. Edmunds ELECTRONIC DESIGN SERVICE. Immedi-
WANTED WANTED: Redundant test equipment - re-
ceiving and transmitting equipment -valves -
Suffolk 1P33 31.IT ate capacity available for circuit design and de-
Scrap and re -usable mainframe plugs and sockets -
syncros, etc. Phone: John's
velopment work, PC artwork, etc. Small batch Radio, 0274 684007, 84 Whitehall Road East,
Telephone: 0284 3931 (1466) and prototype production welcome. E.P.D.S. - computer and industrial electronic Birkenshaw, Bradford BDII 2ER. (1723)
Ltd., IA Eva Road, Gillingham, Kent. Tel: Med- equipment.
way (0634) 577854. (9667.
E.M.A. Telecommunications Engi- WANTED FOR CASH: 7F7, 7N7, 53, 6L6
BATCH PRODUCTION PC ASSEMBLY to BATCH PRODUCTION wiring and assembly neers, Orford, Woodbridge, Suf- metal, 304TL, 4CXI000A, all transmitting,
sample or drawings any quantity. S.C. (Electron- to sample or drawings. McDeane Electricals L.3, special purpose valves of Eimac/Varian. DCO,
ics) Ltd., Unit 7, Carew St. Ind. Estate, Cam-
folk. Tel. 039-45 328.
19b Station Parade, Ealing Common, London (1720) INC, 10 Schuyler Avenue, North Arlington, New
berwell SE5 9DF. 01-737 1422. (1815) W5. Tel: 01-992 8976. (169 Jersey 07032, USA. (1625
PHONE YOUR CLASSIFIEDS TO

IAN FAUX
ON 01-661 3033
Hitachi Oscilloscopes performance, reliability, exceptional value
and immediate delivery!
Hitachi Oscilloscopes provide the quality and performance that you'd expect from
such a famous name, in a newly -extended range that represents the best value for
money available anywhere.
V -152F 15MHz Dual Trace V -353F 35MHz Sweep Delay.
V -202F 20MHz Dual Trace V -650F 60MHz Dual Timebase, Trigger View
(illustrated) V -1050F 100MHz Quad Trace, Dual Timebase
V -203F 20MHz Sweep Delay V-209 20MHz Dual Trace, Mini -Portable
V -302F 30MHz Dual Trace V-509 50MHz Dual Timebase, Mini -Portable
V -352F 35MHz Dual Trace V-134 10MHz Tube Storage Oscilloscope
Prices start from under £250 (ex. V.A.T.) including 2 high -quality probes and a
2 -year warranty. We hold the range in stock for immediate delivery.
For colour brochure giving detailed specifications and prices ring (0480) 63570.
Reltech Instruments, 46 High Street, Solihull, W. Midlands, B91 3TB
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
Appointments Vacant Advertisements appear 117-127
PAGE PAGE PAGE
Acoustical Mfg. Co. Ltd. 9 Faircrest Engineering Ltd 14 Pantechnic 88

Ambit International 98, 108 Farrell Instruments Ltd. Cover ii PM Components 106, 107
Amdio Ltd. 95 Fieldtech Heathrow Ltd. 24 Practical Computing 110
Analogue Associates 23 Flight Electronics Ltd. 2 P&R Computer Shop 8
Anglia Components 20 Foundations of Wireless and Electronics 94
Armon Electronics Ltd 14 Futronics Technology (UK) Ltd. 28
Radford Audio Ltd 20
Audio Electronics 17 Fylde Electronic laboratories Ltd. 111
Radio Component Specialists 87
Audio Visual Electronic Contractors Ltd 89 Ralfe, P. F. Electronics 96
Autotype 88 Relay -A -Quip 97
Avel Lindberg (Cotswold Electronics) 22 GAS Electronics 7 Robot (UK) Ltd 98
Global Specialities Corp. (UK) Ltd. 13 RST Valves 115
Gould Instruments Division 22
GP Industrial Electronics Ltd 26, 27
Bach -Simpson (UK) Ltd 8, 89
Greenwood Electronics Ltd. Cover iv Sagin, M. R. 21
Bamber, B. Electronics 108 Sandwell Plant Ltd. 116
Barrie Electronics Ltd. 95 Sche Tronics Ltd. 98
116 Hameg Ltd 88
Baydis Happy Memories 6 Service Trading Co. Ltd. 99
Black Star Ltd. 6 Sescom Inc. 88
Broadfields & Mayco Disposals 14 Harris Electronics (London) 21
Hart Electronic Kits Ltd 103 Sinclair Research Ltd 18, 19
Bull, J. (Electrical) Ltd 112, 113 South Midlands Communications Ltd. 111
Hemmings Electronics and Microcomputers 93
Henry's Radio 4, 12 Sowter, E. A. Ltd. 2
Special Products (Distributors) Ltd. 14
Stotron (Bournemouth) 24
Cambridge Kits 20 ILP Electronics Ltd 90,91,111 Stotron Ltd. 89
Caracal Power Products Ltd 5 Instrument Rentals (UK) 105 Surrey Electronics Ltd. 22
Chiltern Electronics 96 Interface Quartz Devices Ltd. 2
Chiltmead Ltd 28 Intergrex Ltd. 16 Technomatic Ltd. 100, 101
CIL Microsystems Ltd. 110 Teleradio Electronics Ltd 108
Circuit Services 12
Keithley Instruments Ltd. 21 Television Magazine 96
Clark Masts Ltd 15 Teloman Products Ltd. 28
Clef Products (Electronics) Ltd 108 Thandar Electronics Ltd. Cover iii
Comprocsys Ltd. 23 Langrex Supplies Ltd 115 Thanet Electronics 97
Crimson Elektrik 102 Thorn EMI Instruments Ltd. (AVO) 30
Crotech Instruments Ltd. 97 Thurlby Electronics (Reltech Instruments) 128
Manners, K.T. Design Ltd. 116 Time Electronics 6
Martron Ltd. 93
Melkuist 16 Valradio Ltd. 106
Display Electronics 25 Midwich Computer Co. Ltd 15
DSN Marketing Ltd. 99 Vigilant Communications Ltd. 20
Modern Book Co., The 8
Monolith Electronics Co. Ltd 28 Watford Electronics 10, 11
West Hyde Developments Ltd. 8
Electrical Review Shock Cards 104 Northern Computer Fair 92 White House Electronics 22
Electricity Supply Hand Book 102 Northern Electronics 98 Wilmslow Audio 4, 16
Electronic Brokers Ltd. 3, 5, 58, 59 Wireless World Circards 114
Electronic Equipment Co. 106 Olson Electronics Ltd. 4 WKR Ltd. 12
Electronic Hobbies Fair 109 Opus Supplies 29
Electrovalue 94 Orion Scientific Products Ltd 4 Your Computer 116
OVERSEAS ADVERTISEMENT Japan: Mr. Inatsuki. Trade Media - IBPA (Japan), B.212. Mr Jack Mentel, The Farley Co., Suite 650,. Ranna. B5i
AGENTS: Azabu Heights, 1-5-10 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106. ing, Cleveland, Ohio 4415 - Telephone: (216) 621 1919.
France & Belgium: Norbert Hellin, 50 Rue de Chemin Telephone: (03) 585 0581. Mr Ray Rickles, Ray Rickles & Co., P.O. Box 2028, Miami
Veat, F-9100, Boulogne, Paris. Beach, Florida 33140 - Telephone (3051 532 7301.
United States of America: Ray Barnes, IPC Business Mr Tim Parks, Ray Rickles & Co., 3116 Maple Drive N.E.,
Hungary: Mrs Edit, Bajusz, Hungexpo Advertising Press, 205 East 42nd Street, New York. NY 10017 -
Tele- Atlanta, Georgia 30305. Telephone: (404) 237 7432.
Agency, Budapest XIV, Varosliget. phone: (212) 867-2080. Telex: 238327. Mike Loughlin, IPC Business Press, 15055, Memorial Ste
Telephone: 225 008 - Telex: Budapest 22-4525 Mr Jack Farley Jnr., The Farley Co., Suite 1584, 35 East 119, Houston, Texas 77079 - Telephone (713) 783 8673.
INTFOIRE Walker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601 -Telephone: (312)
63074. Canada: Mr Colin H. MacCulloch, International Advertis-
Italy: Sig C. Epis, Etas -Kompass, S.p.a. - Servizio Estero, Mr Victor A. Jauch, Elmatex International, P.O. Box 34607, ing Consultants Ltd.; 915 Carlton Tower, 2 Carlton Street,
Via Mantegna 6, 20154 Milan. Los Angeles, Calif. 90034, USA - Telephone (213) 821-. Toronto 2 - Telephone (416) 364 2269.
Telephone: 347051 - Telex: 37342 Kompass. 8581 - Telex: 18-1059. Also subscription agents.
Surrey
Printed in Great Britain by QB Ltd., Sheepen Place, Colchester, and Published by the Proprietors IPC ELECTRICAL -ELECTRONIC PRESS LTD., Quadrant House, The Quadrant, Sutton,
SM2 5AS, telephone 01.661 3500. Wireless World can be obtained abroad from the following: AUSTRALIA and NEW ZEALAND: Gordon & Gotch Ltd. INDIA: A. H. Wheeler &
Co, CANADA:
News
The Wm. Dawson Subscription Service Ltd, Gordon & Gotch Ltd. SOUTH AFRICA: Central News Agency Ltd: William Dawson & Sons (S.A.) Ltd. UNITED STATES: Eastern
Distribution Inc., 14th floor, III Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10011.

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instruments pace
Whan you select an nstrument
frcm the Leader range, you get
more tiar just sound enginee--ing.
That's guaranteed - by rigoòus
quality assurance at manufactu-e,
® ,.. w, ....... ,._c_. and a one year wa-ranty.
A croad range that covers n-ost
areas of test, meaccrement and
cal bration, with advanced fea-ures
and high specification as
standara. Prices teat are lower
than you'd expect are the bonus
Probes, covers, ,cads and
Colour Bar Patterr 3ene-ators pouches are all available _o ér-
Sweep and Marker Generator 4 to 50-n Hz
hance the application potential and =ingle, Daa and Qcad trace
ZRT Tester ensur= ti -at Leacer instrurren*.s set Delayed s.n.eep
Field Level Checker the pace for others to folio. Wide r ndwidh
Signa Level Meter
High :voltage Vletered Probe High sensitiv'it%
Signal Generators High acc.iracy
Audio Test --ikreth

ELK'
ndar
ONICSL 4I -EC
Batter; cperated
General Test
.CR Bricge
Semiaond ictar
Curve Tracer
Transistor
Taste's
Logic Probe
Generators
Attenuators
Systerr Analyser
Aud o -ester
-
1.A11,0 POWIS.
Distorton Meer
Equaliser Amp
\Novi anc Flutter Meter Power Supplies
Frecuency Fesponse Recorders
Mill voltmeters Laboratory tench type
Log Àmplifier 5 models
Speaker Analyser 500rrA. to 5A
Dvcioad Protected
Tharda- Electronics _d.
Lcndon Road, St. Ives,
F-untingdon,
Carr b-icgeshire
PE1: 4HJ England.
Tal (0480) 64E46.
Telex: 32250.
Wireless World, November 1982
the new name in quality solder

Now there is another choice in high quality solder. The new Oryx resin cored solder. Try it and you will find it spreads
easier than the solder you are using.
Specially formulated for fast precision solder work, it is 60% tin, 40% lead alloy with quality flux construction and melts at 183 C.
Two gauges are available -18 SWG (1.2mm) and 22 SWG (0.71mm) in 2.5 Kg, 500g, 250g an 3100g reels. Pocket size
dispenser with 10 feet of Oryx 1 mm solder is also available at only 68p ( VAT).
Oryx is competitively priced - write now for details and technical information.
Greenwood Electronics
Greenwood Electronics Limited, Portman Road, Reading, Berkshire RG31NE. Telephone: (0734) 595844. Telex: 848659
The TC82- a significant

development in
temperature
controlled
soldering
The new Oryx TC 82 has features unique to any
temperature controlled precision soldering iron.
Available in 24 V, 50 V, 115 V and 210/240 V models,
the TC 82 has a facility allowing the user to accurately
dial any tip temperature between 260 C and 420 C
by setting a dial in the handle without changing tips.
This eliminates the need for temperature
measuring equipment. You get faster and better soldering.
For 24 V models a special Oryx power unit connects directly to the iron and contains fully isolated transformer to BS3535, a
safety stand, tip clean facility and illuminated mains socket switch.
The Oryx TC 82 is also extra -safe. Removing the handle automatically disconnects the iron from power source.
Other TC 82 features include: Power -on Neon indicator in handle; burn proof cable; choice of 13 tip styles.
And more good news
The Oryx TC 82 iron costs only £13.00 ( +VAT) and the power unit for 24 V operation £23.00 (+VAT).
The TC82 240 volt is also available as a 30 watt general purpose iron at only £4.95 (+VAT).
Greenwood Electronics
Greenwood Electronics Limited, Portman Road, Reading, Berkshire RG31 NE. Telephone: (0734) 595844. Telex: 848659
WW -003 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

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ECTRONICS COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS BROADCASTING AUDIO AND VIDEO

etter headphone stereo

True r.m.s. or average responding Hold r .. ility

Autoranging or manual Small size

LED range indication Operates from a.c. mains or

details from ... Parnell

WW--0Ot FOR FURTHER DETAILS

NOVEMBER 1982 VOL 88 NO 1562

31 WIRING TECHNOLOGY OF THE PAST

INTERFACING THE NANOCOMP

Front cover is the microprocessor - 35 TWO -METRE TRANSCEIVER

the history of methods for

Student rates: 1 year £9.35 UK and , PROGRAMMABLE GPIB TO SERIAL INTERFACE

WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982 1

E. A. Sowter Ltd. Manufacturers and Designers

434 Option 01 Storage Oscilloscope

TF2008 AM/FM 10KHz-510MHz built n

Telephone: 01-278 3461

VERTICAL RANGE FROM 3-10 SOCKETS

OLSON ELECTRONICS LIMITED 5TEL001G 39823 3LEILEX 296797)

WW - 050 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

BUILD A PAIR OF MICRO MONITORS!

High Quality High Stability,

Monitor will stand comparison 1608 146

4 WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982

- FROM CARACAL 200-1000 VA

POP8A13008KWCore E1,500 £750

9816 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE VOICE

9815 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE SCREWDRIVER

standard 19" rack mounting width.

9811 IEEE PROGRAMMABLE RESISTANCE

sabtronics 4118 250ns

WW - 015 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

Only 5mW dissipation -200 hours continuous use by Welsh

Zero adjust key to correct for test leads by Stewart

West Hyde Developments Limited

Unit 9, Park Street Industrial Estate

Address COME AND LOOK AROUND

Credit card dr account customers may telephone orders.

WW - 053 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

WW - 067 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

4t t (b-3 "Zit` ¢`3

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gt eaJ rjW ti` 34 h'

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QUAD for the closest approach

WW - 020 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

15 FX29 a 0076/77 50 2TX503 10 243824 N 2602078 170

10 WIRELESS WORLD NOVEMBER 1982

14 Combe 8p 40kHz 325 8.0B333M 305

Push to Break 25p Mounting Cheeks (per pair) 76p 18 pin

WW - 041 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

METER Comparator £1.00

MONSANTO , STEREO CASSETTE TAPE _ HEWLETT-PACKARD EX -MOTOROLA

Per 10 SOp each per 100; 3

1 events and stores pulse or level

LP -2 Logic Probe The New Pulser DP -1

GLOBAL SPECIALTIES CORPORATION rMIB --

G.S.C. (UK) Limited, Dept. zii, Unit

Unit 1, Shire Hill Industrial Estate, exp date

Please add 15% to your order for VAT

£35.95 ARMON ELECTRONICS LTD.

WW - 038 FOR FURTHER DETAILS

BBC MICRO UPGRADE KITS NEW LOWER PRICES