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contract
client
12302346
37611373
10042334
10987097
date
name
Eno
Gotz
price
city
product
Redmond
Berkeley
Car
Redmond
update query
find client
10032112
95371001
51213123
54535545
10032112
10032423
10087823
Chen
Jones
Smith
Seattle
Washington
New York
House
lookup query
OLTP queries:
access all
columns of
just one row.
Travel
House
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8ZLek]5cm5e5glmp xye6Eb 5 9 Z6 a8czV8b8g[!ZLg;t ; ;ZL[@_cZLt{ZL[Rt@ZLn\m6b8gz -78_cni n\epb Zni8epccZ\b;a5_sb;ajY@m
t@8tuY!e6_sb 6 H~ U;f 8
45447894 10013232
EGFHEIF
/b

Doe
Boston
Car
insert query
?C K L @B? L Q9N ? D!F;N RTJ2@RNHOQL(Q
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_cbK[!Z;ZLb5Y8Z\[!Z epb8gVzU_se6b56zLY65{8_cnLepc458efYini3 m5[@_cZ\bY!ZLg[!epY@;ZL[ Y@8e6b:m6b3 s_cb;Z5 Z -7_scp[!ZKZ\[Y@m
t@8ni e6{;{;c_cnLefY!_sm5b8t"e6t#"%$1%:f4\ >_*1 %&*1$f>'&5%<?R"J! e6{;{;c_cnLefY!_sm5 b8t\I";e6x}{8sZUt/m6 ;Z\[.5E3 _cbY@ZLb8tu_c]6Z
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n\m6xD;_sb8ZLg@-7_sY@q{;[!mp`=ZLnY@_cm6bj_cbjY!;Zg_sxZLb8tu_cm6bt.;ze6b8g @{;_c]6mpY 9 _ Z6cz;e?[!Z 3 m6[!_sZLbY!efY!_sm5bympY!;Z
g;_sxZ\btu_cm6b8t ;o

contract
client
date
select those tuples

sold after march 21
claim
sum
claims
city
product
while grouping by
city and product
OLAP query:
accesses only a
few columns of
almost all rows.
- _ca68[@Z6 -w e6nLnZLt!t"{8epYuY@ZL[@b

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%%

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0

network
local
memory
local
memory
local
memory
memory
memory
memory
CPU
CPU CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU CPU
CPU
disk
disk
disk
disk
disk
disk
interconnect
shared-nothing (hybrid)
CPU
CPU
shared-memory (ccNUMA)
CPU
interconnect
memory
memory
memory
CPU
CPU
CPU
memory
memory
memory
interconnect
interconnect
disk
disk
disk
disk
disk
shared-disk
disk
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!

m-<3 n\m6bY@[!m6
vertical
parallelism
cpu1
cpu2
cpu3
cpu4
A
A
A
A
B B B B B B B B
DDDDDDDD
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
time
B
horizontal
parallelism
cpu1
cpu2
cpu3
cpu4
CCCCDDBBA
CCCCDDBBA
CCCCDDBBA
CCCCDDBBA
time
mixed
parallelism
cpu1
cpu2
cpu3
cpu4
DDDDDDDDA
CCCCCCCCA
CCCCCCCCA
BBBBBBBBA
join tree
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DBMS
new syntax
query rewriter
lock manager
query optimizer
new rules
query executor
new functions
recovery manager
buffer manager
access methods
new index
new atomic types
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X

safe extensibility through

separate address spaces
safe java extensibility
fast&unsafe extensibility
DBMS process
DBMS process
Java Virtual Machine
DBMS process
extension
module
extension
module
inter-process communication
user process
extension
module
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e6{;{;c_cnLefY!_sm5b8t\
processor
year
computer model
3/60
3/80
4/280
ss10/31
ss10/41
ss20/71
Ultra1 170
Ultra2 2200
Power Chall.
Origin 2000
Origin 2000
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1996
1997
1998
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
SGI
SGI
SGI
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1996
1997
1998
1998
1999
2000
1999
2000
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
Intel PC
AMD PC
AMD PC
year
1979
1981
1983
1984
1984
1985
1985
1986
1986
1987
1988
1988
1991
1992
1993
1996
1998
1998
2000
type
68020
68030
Sparc
superSparc I
superSparc I
superSparc II
ultraSparc I
ultraSparc II
R10000
R10000
R12000
MHz
20
20
17
33
40
75
167
200
195
250
300
80486
Pentium
Pentium
Pentium
Pentium
PentiumPro
PentiumII
PentiumII
PentiumII
PentiumIII
PentiumIII
Athlon
Athlon
66
60
90
100
133
200
300
350
400
600
733
500
800
hard disk model

Tandon
Tandon
Seagate
CMS
Mitsubishi
Quantum
Seagate
CDC
Microscienc
Rodime
Rodime
Micropolis
CDC
CDC
Tandy
Quantum
Quantum
Quantum
Quantum
TM602
TM252
ST225
LT LD20
MR522
Q540
ST251
942055
HH1050
RO3055
RO5090
1325
94221190
94171344
2504168
Empire
Fireball
Atlas II
Atlas10K II
size
(MB)
5
10
20
21.4
25.5
40
42
43
43
45
74.6
67.1
170
344
540
4500
6400
9100
18400
memory
1e+06
#par. STREAM/copy typical latency
units (bandwidth) size (MB) (ns)
6.5
16
1
4.9
16
1
9.6
16
160
1
42.9
32
3
48.0
32
3
62.5
64
870 100000
3
225.2
128
225
5
228.5
256
225
5
172.7
128
610
5
332.0
256
424
5
336.0
256
404
5
33.3
47.1
46.4
85.1
84.4
140.0
188.2
279.3
304.0
379.2
441.9
373.5
387.9
1
2
2
2
2
5
5
5
5
5
5
9
9
latency
(ms)
75
85
65
75
85
45
38
28
28
36.3
36.3
28
19
19
12
9.5
10
8
5.0
rotations
/minute
3600
3600
3600
2640
3536
3550
3600
3597
3436
3600
3600
3600
3597
3597
4498
5400
5400
7200
10000
8
8
8
8
16
16
32
32
32
64
128
64
128
161
161
161
161
203
145
145
145
135
135
217
217
bandwidth cache
(MB/s) (MB)
0
0.62
0
0.62
0
0.62
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
0.9
0
1.1
0
1.5
0
1.5
0
3.6
0.5
14
2
14
8
24
50 percent
improvement
per year
10000
CP
k
loc
ee
sp
dis
KB
(
ize
e
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contract
client
12302346
37611373
51213123
54535545
45447894
95371001
10042334
10987097
10032423
10087823
10013232
10032112
date
name
Eno
Gotz
Jones
Smith
Doe
Chen
price
city
product
Redmond
Redmond
Washington
New York
Boston
Seattle
Car
House
Travel
House
Car
House
Front-End
logical
data model
mapping rules
oid contract
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
12302346
37611373
51213123
54535545
45447894
95371001
oid
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
client
10042334
10987097
10032423
10087823
10013232
10032112
oid name
oid city
oid product
1000 Eno
1001 Gotz
1002 Jones
1003 Smith
1004 Doe
1005 Chen
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
Redmond
Redmond
Washington
New York
Boston
Seattle
Car
House
Travel
House
Car
House
physical
data model
(BATs)
Monet
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SQL front-end
ODMG front-end
relational model
object oriented model
table Order(date day; float discount);

table Item(float tax; float price;
rowid order);
OLAP Tool Data Mining Tool
class Item {
class Order {
attribute float tax;
attribute date day;
attribute float price;
attribute float discount;
relation Order order;
relation Set<Item> items;
}
}
MIL Language
full vertical
fragmentation
order_discount
order_day
item_order
item_tax
item_price
Monet
back-end
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Order Table
id
10
11
12
13
14
15
day
4/4/98
9/4/98
1/2/98
9/4/98
7/2/98
1/2/98
Item Table
order
10
10
11
11
11
12
13
13
13
14
14
discount
0.175
0.065
0.175
0.000
0.000
0.065
order_discount
order_day
tax
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
item_order item_price
order_id
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
price
04.75
11.50
10.20
75.00
02.50
92.80
37.50
14.25
17.99
22.33
42.67
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
int
10
11
12
13
14
15
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
date
4/4/98
9/4/98
1/2/98
9/4/98
7/2/98
1/2/98
float
0.175
0.065
0.175
0.000
0.000
0.065
int
10
10
11
11
11
12
13
13
13
14
14
oid
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
oid
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
item_tax
float
04.75
11.50
10.20
75.00
02.50
92.80
37.50
14.25
17.99
22.33
42.67
oid
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
float
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
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SET
SET
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order_extent
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order_day
order_discount
oid oid
100 100
101 101
102 102
103 103
104 104
105 105
oid
100
101
102
103
104
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date
4/4/98
9/4/98
1/2/98
9/4/98
7/2/98
1/2/98
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
{1002,1003,1004 }
{ 1005 }
{1006,1007,1008 }
{1009,1010 }
{}
float
0.175
0.065
0.175
0.000
0.000
0.065
item_extent
order_items
oid oid
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100 1001
101 1002
101 1003
101 1004
102 1005
103 1006
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105
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float
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75.00
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92.80
37.50
14.25
17.99
22.33
42.67
oid
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float
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0.10
0.00
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c
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c
qM
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c 7

c #7

5M
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MIL sessions
MIL interpreter
execution control
session management
client listener
job-queue
thread management
operator resolution
MIL interpreting
BAT management
MIL parsing-tables
procedure management
extension modules
algebra
module.so
ACCELERATOR interface
transaction
module.so
ATOM interface
i *BI4^+8)6 5nB4BAT
UDPJ$+kernel
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(MO2,76F1[1[8<MO806FPl>5SB\rk4;<691[1J88),7&)64,7(+^+:56qQR(+PlA+6;=^21[6F,=A2kJ&),76FPr6F8L$C:569.@$+(26(214P[,1[M $C&7SB.@(+PG6u8).96F1[Q_6gSB*y69QR&XQR\r6FP4P[QR8)M \ZPJ87876FA2\{MO6F1[8)SK$2696F>+k4$2;6F.FS-6*B,9>G:2P4&)1[$R(o$2ntQR>`<6F^C(+QR,c*-6L,<P4,8)QZ\r3+N1 *B1J3C@4.F696L.FSK,|69*B$+,),7,F69'6 ni>`7T^+UDQR69P5$T69>5&7Q_*-6F1[8)PJS $Z87QR\/.@6F^2&7QR80,c1[&7P4PJ$28)Q ,c\ x
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2

normal
BAT descriptor
head
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
tail
head
tail
BUN
descriptor
various
search
accelerator
structures
first
last
column
descriptor
column
descriptor
BUN Heap
Tail Heap
fixed
BUN atom
integer
offset
variable-size atoms
i *KIJ^+8)6
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876L.@PJ8)> n
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;PJ35*K&7&7(j*BQR,c*L\5D9,c6&769AHQrP[&)xh({I469QR$+6F6F80QR1l&)PJ6987+>\R^2,)L1[xhIJ,96: 1[1[$C$2>Z> kl&71[(+SB6L^+,c66_SB1[PG8)PA6b@G^+P[M3o&) 6F$j>56F $2,7,76R*LD9691[,=$2> 1[8)1J6,7.F.F^56F&=$2>+AG*K\Z$+ICQR-n P4,8)6*K87&)&7(2^C1[1[${.S (2#1[LSKM0x%/,
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_ NQP6R A`Xa#bc =Ad!<6>0<CeD>0<.DBXB6G!M*78<X@^f Kg =A<X@Xhijd!<6>0<XH@OH _Lk NQP6R A`Xa#bc DBXB6G!M*78<X@?lAG!@m=.n Kg A= <#o ] D=OHp8789:*78:!9qUHr=0H
iEDG!p8U>0<6FQG*78>0<OsHp8G*<X@t=AD K <T@Aij78u6uXp8<6U2H:!U2B6DM!78<6U&D:-<vHB0d HB6BX<6@A@vh Hr=jB6D:!@078U*<X>0H K p8<T<CQw =A>xHVy{z \ B6D@m=vY
UW

logical types
bit chr
sht
int
flt lng dbl str
oid
physical types
bit chr
enum1[bat]
sht
enum2[bat]
int oid void
flt lng dbl str
implementation types
chr

i*BI4^+8)6
5n \G3H6g8769QZ1[3+3+*B$+IT,|PJ$&7(+8)6F6qSB6Fk469SB,9n
sht

"!#%$&'(()+*,-
int
void
flt lng dbl str
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type=VOID
seqbase=100
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
str
married
single
married
divorced
married
widow
column
descriptor
type=enum1[x]
encoding
BAT x
BUN Heap
0
1
0
2
0
3
chr
0
1
2
3
str
married
single
divorced
widow
~ *BI4^2876
5n 2
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d<
logical BAT
4 5
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underlying data structure
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PJ143C876q698)^+1[3 &7PJ>+O81[Q2&76914>o3+:H3+148)PJ$21J>`.0(okl1[:[8)X*B^214,cA+&qSK6LAC,6FMO*BP4$`8)&76 (+7T.6 ^+7T6F^+8)\`69876@\E51[698).F6g^5&7AC*BP4PJ$ ^+f :C$2&)> (+ 6_&7(269f 6F,c$?&7*BQR1Rle 1[$+B&7696Lf ; ,0PJ7J$D^26F&78)(+\{6rPJA23514&7,7*B6bQRPJL* DL3C1l69&78)*B1[P4&7$`PJ8)*-,,
>+>+P469.@$+*-6u,7*KP4PJ${$ &7A2(+146g,76969>?$T&7P4*B87$6Qb&78)^26F.06u(&7PZQ_,7PJ6F876q6R;14(+.@&7*-.0^2(14Sv14*KSy$5&)6FMOPJ8)$287QZ1l&)1[*KkJ&7*B6P4$D*-,<&)AH(2691[,c$j&9nt$+<P4(+8)QZ*-,1[1[S 3+H 3287\ PT14&D.0(a(+6F(+$269.F$26_.@6q14SKQZSB6F1NkG@J*-1l69&),<691 ,
32,c&787*BPJSBSoA+,cSK69^RQ M 6FPJ80,$+6*B${&{69A2878)^5P4&u80,=1J,QZ*K14&>5*-6q,XAG^2\/,c&u6L,X14&)$D*KQZP41l35&)&)*KPJ*KQR$/E* MOD9^21l$2&)*K.wPJ&)$?*KPJ$2.@SB,PJ,7*B${6F8&)&7(+PZ6g&)QR(+6bP5>5QR6FS P4QRO 3+6987$JPJ&A+SBP[6FMtQ 6@E5W 6LPw.@n ^5&)*KPJ$o:C*K&
&0&0141[#h8).@&gI4&7*-*B6F.F,q&=1[*BP4SCQRMi3+3C(2PJPJ351J8c&7,c&06*BQR1[1J$T*L,7&uDL,71l^+&7&7P`QR*BP4$+69$D,P[&).9&76b1[(2$+1[&)$+&(2P41l&7&&m(26AC,76F6q,c32&7MO8014PJ1l8)87&71[Qr69&7I4*B^+$+*-SB.FIa1[14&7S+&)6L(+3+>{6(2*B1J$7T,c^+6&76F69.98)871[\DQZ$aP4,<>53+6@Pb&7E5*B6LQ_;.@*yE*^5&)D9(+&)1[*KP4&7PJ*B^5${P4&=$&)3+*KQR*K(G$\56J,c1{:2*-.F14,c14,<&7S280&)1l>5(+&)6@*-6F&0,IJ1[>5*B*B.9SB6F,91[3HnSv6F<1[$C$2(+>+> 6,
&)PJ,7(+*B$Q_6 &732$G(2SK*L^+6 aCQr.FO 1[3+AC&7(G69*B8{P4\5$R,cP4*-.F*-Mq,14*BS QZ$TPb&71N1[69@GSB87I4*KQR$2P4Iq698)*K>+&7&7*B(+(+1[QZ6&76D1J,_,7&).0,7^+(+^+3+PJQRSB,769356F,{$o&)*KI4n PJ6F$r$2 &)6F(280^21l1l,7&7&6@6LMO&7> ^+(+nsS61[AH#%SK$69&769,c&87&7$C(23+*B1lS-,{&71[*B$a.Fk4146/.F,7P464&)8)14:<87876L&)IJ,c(+6@3H6?&rP4$2*-32,_>287*-,QR.@6 &)*KPg$+3C*B&7QR1[(2*-6L*>}DL,X1l&)MO&)P48)*K1[8/PJ&7$V6FPJIJ^+P[\ 8M
&)(2<1l(+&6DIJ6F$+$+P469&78)*B1[P4&7$'69,|P[&)Mg(+,c6g&780SK1l6L&71469,cI4&*-$G.F14^+S<Qb14AH$26F>N8P4&)1JMi.w*B$T&7*-&7.F6F148)S QR7T69^+>56F*-1l8)\V&)6uPJ&735^+&73+*BQRSB69,9L* DLn 1l&7*BP4$',7(+P4^+S->}$+P[&aAH6 .@PJ$5MO^2,769>
&)&);(+(+*K6a6&7(/SB,cP4&7&7IJ(+801l*B6u.9&)1[6F.@SS-IJ14*B3+,).9(2,c1[*-1JS.F,c143+6aSC(C$2>+14P[6F,7&73H6 *B6FP4;|$2$/>+6jP[,bMo1[P4SBSB87P4$6LI414(+*-.F>56914\}^+SC8714>5*-,c$26@&7&)>a*-6F.F8)3+,bQR(G14\5*K$2$+,7>6?*B.91[&7&7(+S(+6/7T6^+3+6F69(GkJ87\G\R6F$T,7PJ*-&7.F35^21[&714S*BSQR3+6F(2*LEGDL141l6L,7&7.@6Z*B^5P4&)P4$ *K$PJ.$ u1 80P4.F1 80PJf >5,c2469&m1 8/0QR:TP[*BPGMg$/>+SB6F;P4SIJ(2n{*B*B.9.0#%1[$( S
PJP414M=SK35IJ&7kl6F*B14QRA+8780L**B1jDLP41l^2P4&),g3H*KPJU 6F$o80n1l#XW&)*KpjPJP4$23H6j,F6F:80Q_1l,7P*B&)I4P4(T&780&{(+,Fn/*-,{MOP4<8P4(235*K6a&)$2*K,cQR1[&)A214*E,cD9$2&71l.@80&)6j14*KPJ.@^2&7$*B,7P463+$8).FPGP[PJ.FM,c69&{1[,),ZSBQRSt*B3+P5$2(G>5.@\5SB6F^2,cS-,a>5*-.F6L14&),aPNSAH1[6LSKP[,X&7&7&)69(*K87QZ$CSK1l1[PJ&7&7I4*B6 k4*-.F6L&)1[, (+S6O 1[6J$2,cn IC69>'SKnK6L:i3+.wQR&7(G*B\56FkG8),7*yI4&)*B.9*K6@6L1[x0, S:
(C8)6914>+,7^2(5.wx &)1[*KPJ$2${>RP4$2M 69,c&7&7(2696m>_,cSB6LPG1[P48035.0xB({XP4,7*B32$14Pi.F*B64$J:5&)Pq(+69&7$2(+.@696m*K8=14,cSK*BSB$+6FkGIJ*-SK1l6&7SB6LP4,=IJ3+*B.9871[PJS5A+P4SB3H6FQ 6F801l&)&)(+P48)8 6F64O Xn P4*B$PHX^2,c&|.F14^2,769,1g,c&78)P4$+I

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JP ^5 &),,7*->5,c&76u80&71l(+&7696mI4,)*-.@.`PJP43C356q&)P[*KQRMi&7* 9(21[*B,<&7*BP4&)(+$ 69,7*-,/*-,Fn 1&014, NP4Mg&7(+6?MO87PJ$T&cxh6F$2> :<MO^28c&)(+6F8`>5*-,7.F^2,7,7*BP4$P[Mg*K&/M]14SKS-,

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i,76F14SBk4.@&76L*-,.F14>5Si6L.@PJ*-35>5&76b*BQR1l&*LDL871l^+&)*K$+PJx $2&)*K,qQR*KQR6m(+3+PlSB\D;"&)&)(2(+1l6F&g\`&)(+;6Z*BSKS~*KQR3+873+P5SB6F>5QR^C.@696g$J&0&)1l(+&)6F*K*BPJ8$2SB,qP4IJP[*BM|.9&71[(+So6a8)69UD,7^+#XSKW}&9nPJzG3CPJ69Q_8)1[6r&7*BUDP4$2#X,W&7P4(23H6F6FQ_87xx
1[1J&7.wPJ&)^28),1[SB.9SK\Z1[$D32876@P5E5>53+^2SBP4.F*K6q&&7&7(+(2696r*K8>56L8)69.@,7P4^+QRSK&3H;PJ,7*y69&)>(+P4$2^+1[&&7^+>58)P46g*B$+P[IZMv1[&7$G(2\Z6 8)d<69 1[S;=>+P41l`8 &0@ 1Zn ,X&)87^2.@&7^+8)6 O i*BI4^+8)"6
+n W P<1[$2>
MIRRORED COLUMN VIEW
normal
BAT descriptor
head
head
tail
normal
BAT descriptor
head
VOID COLUMN VIEW
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
head
BAT descriptor
tail
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
tail
tail
head
head
head
tail
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
normal
BAT descriptor
tail
head
tail
tail
VOID
column
descriptor
BUN
descriptor
BUN
descriptor
column
descriptor
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
normal
column
descriptor
column
descriptor
column
descriptor
ORIGINAL BAT
i*KIJ^+8)6
+n
+GabYhY OY O SK6FM&HP14$2> a (OY_*BQR3+SB6FQR6F$T&)1[&7*BP4$2, O 8)*KIJ(J&KPwn
D1B6B D1CHB
G7B &7(+6 d< j>+1l&01,X&)87^C.w&7^2876t.FP4$T&)14*K$2,H&X;=P d< >+69,).@8)*K35&)P480, O ,76F6i*BI4^+8)6.
5n W P
&7P4(+$+I_G696 *K8FJ .F[[P4P4Zw${SB^+&7QRYl(+ 6b${14$2,)>51[>_6LQR,7P4.F6$+876*B35Z`&)GP4q 8<G6n23CZH<JPJG0*K(+$T6gnt&)6F*B<80QR,=(23+69,7SK;<,7696<QR1[&X3+;|6F3H$TPm69&)>1[>5&7n 6L*B,7P4 .F$`87,*BP[35,cM~^2&)P4.0&7(80(+,6b:G>5&7U (+*{M 69#X6F\aW 8|87Y1P469_*$+3+1SB8)\b_H69Y ,7*B+O6F$R__$T&7&P4(C&X3H1l;=&6FP_80&71l(2>+&)6FP4{* M\_8<6F(2P48)1$`6Fk4$T16&
d&7< (+ *-,NPJQZ3C691A8)@41[69&7,v*BP4^C${,c6MO87P469MC6u&)d<P4(+Mi69.F,76PJ,ckG&9*Bn 6F;,9n~#h&oX^C,X&oX^2Q_3C,MO8)P4QYPJ$+6kG*B6F;N&7Pq&7(26P[&)(+6F8 QZ1A@T*B$+I
K 7 DD14D1B G7B <(+'6 a bYhYOYUD#XWaP43H6F801l&7PJ8 .@8)691[&76L,o1$+69; d= >+69,).@8)*K35&)P48 &)(21l&i(214, ACP4&7(
(+>569691J,).@>8)*B1435$2&7PJ>89n&)14<*KSt(+.F6qP48)SB^+69,7QR^+$Sy&)*K$2>+69I ,).@8)*K35"&)P41[8q3+3H3HP469*B14$J8)&),=6F80&),qPR3C(2PJ1*Kk4$T6&)*K&X$+;|IPR&)*-P`>56F&7$T(+&)6Z*B.9PJ1[87S *BI4.F*BP4$2SB^+1[SvQR(+$26L,F14n >j.@PJSK^+QR$
d<
8467 G7:B ,*B87&7^214&
.@.@PJPJSKQ_^+QR32^5$?&76L>+>b69,)X^C.@8),XS *K&35&)AGP4\{L8xh3C,,cPT&)1[1[,c*K&78)&7*B6?*B$+P4IZ*B$o$T:+&)&7(+8)&7PG(+6r>+6m.F^2P4>+.@SB1[6L^+&)>QR1R$?AG*B$\N>+&71l&)(+&0(+6 1R6 &Xa \G(O3CY6bV&7(+P4Pa693H14AH6F36 801l*- &),P4$+8LGP4:<n&&7(2SK PG1[,-VP &`@4 69.F>87#6LZ1l1l&L&)kl69:C14,/14SK^+$21V6L>{,$+.9146F1[87; $ 6
&7(+69876FMOP48)6g,c(214876&7(26 d=v
w (+69143MO87PJQ&7(+6gPJ3C69d 8)14v
$2w > d= qn
CH3:79IBG7:B C <(+6 +E,hVO_gP43H6F801l&)P48=1[SB;=1\5,t8)6@&)^+8)$2,|1bkG*K69; d= q:G;(+PT,c6
&7*B,_Pj^21 ,769(+>PJ87;E* DF(+PJ6F$J$}&01[1 S,7SB*B.F6/ P[.@M PJd SK^2v
Q_w $}(+.@PJ6L1[$J3&01[P4*B$2M,b*y&01J., ,7.FaC6F8)$2,c>+&r*K$+32I148)kl141[QRSB^+6@69&769,_891[n $2<>N(21 6d 80v,,)1[1[w $+QRIJ(+6Z6@69x &)+O1469_3a.0,H(+_^3H$+VbP4*T`*B7T$J^+P4&068,
d<
Y(UaS_OZhT`*-,g>5P4$26ZP4$j*y&LnZ#%$,7^2.0(.F1J,c6L,F: ;=6qX^2,c&m3+8)PlkT*->56R1[$1[SK&76987$C1l&7*Bk46
d v,w >56Fx
,7.F87*B35&)P48=&7(21[&3CPJ*K$T&0,1l&<&7(C1l&,7^+A2,76@& O ,76F6gi*BI4^+8)6
5n UVPwn
BDN'KMB D1;=O746NG7:B C d= ,t;*y&)(Z6F$G^+QR6F801l&)*KPJ$b&X\G3H69,3+8)PlkG*B>+6=kl1487*BP4^2,vPJ3+3HP487&7^+$+*K&7*B69,MOP48
kG*K69;P435&)*KQRE* D91l&)*KPJ$2,9n :|P4$2,7*B>+6F8m&)(+6/^2$21[8)\ hY b` PJ3C698)1[&7PJ89:~&7(21[&r8)6F3+S-14.F69,q&)(+6a&01[*BS
ORIGINAL BAT

: &z "!#!%$ D:!<TBXH: :!U2H !U 78@0B6G!@A@078D:De @0G!B0d&H @ g @m=0<6; K H@0<6U2D:&&D:!<C=vh!ij7 =Ad-=Ad!<.HU!U!7 =A78D:Hp H78;
De <6wQM!p8D7 =A78:!9q@ g :!<6>A9 g-K <C=WiE<6<6: ; !G p =A78M!p8<IFQG!<6>A78<X@('7LY <Y*;SG!p =A7 )WFQG*<X> g DM*=A78;78uvHr=A78D: Y
UVU

normal
BAT descriptor
head
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
tail
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
tail
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
normal
BAT descriptor
head
head
tail
head
BUN
descriptor
BUN
descriptor
first
first
last
column
descriptor
tail
oid
100
101
100
103
100
105
ORIGINAL
BAT
head
head
tail
tail
BUN
descriptor
type=enum1[y]
(column
descriptor)
group(bat)
BUN Heap
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
REVERSE
BAT descriptor
BAT descriptor
last
column
descriptor
1
3
10
12
14
22
24
29
37
42
68
70
72
76
99
ENUMERATION VIEW
SLICE VIEW
oid
100
101
102
103
104
105
type=enum1[x]
type=VOID
seqbase=100
str
married
single
married
divorced
married
widow
chr
0
1
2
3
oid
100
101
103
105
encoding
BAT y
(column
descriptor)
encoding
BAT x
BUN Heap
0
1
0
2
0
3
chr
0
1
2
3
str
married
single
divorced
widow
logical BAT
~ *BI4^2876
5n U+tzGSB*-.@6g1[$2>C$T^2Q_698)1[&7*BP4$ ,*B6F;,9n
.@,c^PJ]ZSK^+QR.F69$j,u&);P*y&)8)(6F32!SB1JL.@x%6_,Fn &7(+|6 14GF.0c(g?[L,7^2[I.0S( \ =#{m^+$+P4* 7TM^+&76F(2SB6Z\ 6F*->5$G6F^+$TQR&7*L6Fa2806L1l,m&)*KPJ1{$ &)1[&X\G*BS3Ckl6Z1[SB;^+*K64&7nR(#h1[&g$&)(+1[6FSK&78)696@87MO$CPJ871l6 x
&7.@*B8)k4696{1[&76F6Z$21.FPGkT>+*B*K6F$+; I ;d=*y &)(1&)(2>+1l{* &RM 6FQZ8)6F1[$T32&m,b6FP4$G$T^+&7QRP 69!8)1[D&7*BP4kl$ 1[SB^+&X\G6L3H, 6ZO ,7*K6F$j6&)i(+*K6aIJ^+.@PJ876 SK^+
5QRn UV$P@n >569p,).@6/8)*B35&7(+&7PJ698$D X&7^2(+,c*-&,
6F$G^+QR6F801l&)*KPJ$/&X\G3H6q3CPJ*K$T&),&7PRP4^+8$26F;"6F$2.FPG>+*K$+I d< qn
<.F14(+$/6uX^+^2$2,c&b1[8)AH\Z6ZQb6@^2E5Sy69&).F*yxB^5X&7P46L*B$/>jQZP4$1[3&7(+.F6Z14$/69$2^2.@,7P56u>51r*B$+,cI *BQR*KS-1[ 8<PuPJ35*yM=&7*B&7QR(2L*6ZDL1l87&76L*B,cP4^+$ SK&7*BO $+6JIDn ICnKkl: 1[d SBbj^+.6L-,gT1[( 8)86_2 ^28$+) E* 7T^+#6J3 n
kG<*K(+69;6uP4P4$+$6Fxh&).F(+P4*BSB,^+6FQR$2$/.FPGk4>+69*K8)$+,7I *BP4$ZP[Mq&7n (+6 `hZ H`^_gPJd<3C698)1[&7P48<1[S-,7Pr.F14$/8)6F3+8)69,76F$T&*K&),<8)69,7^+SK&=AG\Z1
d<
9<;CO= G7B/C 1 z
&7*KQR(+6r3+SBQb6FQR^+SK69&7$J*KxB&0X1lP4Y0&)*B $ *KPJ$gHQZY Jw&X1[\G 3 3HP56ZO .F6J.Fn14^+IC,u8)nK,:,&7(2df;R 6R(+UTh&)691[j8$j*B-StR#14P4(b$ T%MdO&7(b*K(2QRZ 6 .3+2SBVU*B.FX1*yYhK& jPq3O.@P@1JPJng, $T#hkJVUM6FXh&780Y(+,c*B6b1[P4$2$`.9> 14MO,c^2R&$2b&)T/.w14&)87*K*BPJIJ$2$6@>5&69*-69(C,u>j1432,(214&)1,)(+,ck46L6r6 > Pw,): 1[*B$T&)QR(+&7P66
Q&)b14^+87IJSK&76@*K&<xBXP4&X\G*B$a3C6JQZn 1[3/.91[$a.@8)691[&761mkT*B6F;;*K&7({1qd=&)14 *KS .@PJSK^+QR$a>56L,7.F87*B35&)P48t&)(21l&<.@PJ$J&01[*B$2,&)(+6
.0(2 PTSBPTSo,c&)*B(+$+69Ir,7&76g(+P46g3+AH&7*B69Q_,c&E* D9;<1[&71*B\aP4$21[,$14P4873H6g6F(2801l*KIJ&7(+PJSK8\/.FU61[]a$.@AH*B6g6F$T*K&QR143+$2SB6F>QR6@6FE5$T3+&)SB69P4>D*K&1l&7&(+8)6q^+MO$58)6Fx&76L*B>5QRP464Q n &7(21[&UD#XW(214,*K$
underlying data structure

P6=
> ? '
B P> *C
B P>JI ?
B P> 8 I
B P> "
*?6
NQP6R &$)N*
B P>JO F
B P>QP P
B P>JR F
B P>
B P>
P6=
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> b!DFEHG
<6:QG!;<6>0Hr=0<6U-=
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g M <
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> b!DFELK
H@0B6<6:!U!78:!9SsHp8G!<.@0<6FG!<6:!B6<
> b!DFELK
Hp8p <6FGHp sHp8G*<X@
G!:!78FG!<T78U!<6:=A7 <6>te D>E=Ad!78@jsHp8G!<T@0<6FG!<6:!B6 !DFELK :!DqU!G*M!p878BXHr=0<6@t=0d!78@tsHp8G*<T@0<6FQG*<X:*BX<
> b!DFEHG
dH@0d )L=xH p8<TD:-=Ad!78@IB6Dp8G!;:<Cw*78@m=0@
b DFEHGTS )L=0>A<6<ODK :-=Ad!78@jBXDp8G*;:-<CwQ78@A=A@
> !
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1 MIL
operator:
select()
2 overloaded
operators:
select(bat,value)
Z
lo <= tail(b) <= hi
lo < tail(b) <= hi
tail(b) >= value
tail(b) > value
lo < tail(b) < hi
lo <= tail(b) < hi
Ttree
search
binary
search
positional lookup
hash
lookup
binary
search
Ttree
search
scan
Y_scan_Z_select()
Y_Ttree_Z_select()
Y_binsearch_Z_select()
Y_Ttree_equi_select()
Y_binsearch_equi_select()
positional_equi_select()
X_hash_equi_select()
X_scan_equi_select()
173 expanded
implementations:
(6+6+1+8+8 + 6*(8+8+8))
tail(b) = value
23 operator
algorithms:
(1*5 + 6*3)

select(bat,lo,hi,l_inc,h_inc)
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!
"$#%&
'(
)*,+-+./10
elapsed time per iteration [nanoseconds]
250
Memory
CPU
200
150
100
50
0
1
year
system
CPU type
CPU speed
cache line
size (L1/L2)
16
32
64
16
1992
Sun LX
Sparc
50 MHz
16 / -
32
64 128 1
16
1995
PC
Pentium
133 MHz
32 / 32
32
64 128 256 1
1996
Sun Ultra
UltraSparc
200 MHz
16 / 64
16
32
64 128 1
1997
PC
PentiumPro
200 MHz
32 / 32
16
32
64 128 256 1
1997
SunUltra
UltraSparcII
296 MHz
16 / 64
16
32
64 128 256 1
16
1998
DEC Alpha
Alpha
500 MHz
32 / 64
32
64 128 256 512 1
1998
Origin2000
R10000
250 MHz
32 / 128
16
32
64 128 bytes
1999
PC
PentiumIII
450 MHz
32 / 32
(stride)
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1-Pass Cluster
57
57 (001)
17
47
57
92
81
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H different cluster buffers
17
03
00
57 (001)
96 (000)
57 (001)
17 (001)
17 (001)
03 (011)
81 (001)
17 (001)
47 (111)
96 (000)
81 (001)
92 (100)
75 (001)
81 (001)
01
20 (100)
06 (110)
10
75 (001)
2
66 (010)
66 (010)
03 (011)
92 (100)
92 (100)
03 (011)
92
96 (000)
20 (100)
37 (101)
37 (101)
66 (010)
11
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47 (111)
37 (101)
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TLB
L1

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L2
TLB L1
L2
5.0
24
22
22
20
4.0
18
14
12
18
8.0
16
10
clocks (in billions)
16
3.0
20
18
seconds
4.0
22
20
16
3.0
14
12
2.0
10
5.0
24
10.0
14
6.0
12
seconds
24
seconds
6.0
10
4.0
2.0
8
6
1.0
1.0
0.0
0
0
10
15
0.0
20
10
15
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L1 data
L2 data
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TLB (model)
STALL_LOAD
CPU (the rest)
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8
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2
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3.0
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6.0
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L1
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18.0
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16.0
60
12.0
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25.0
50
10.0
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8.0
40
6.0
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20
4.0
20
10
2.0
10
0.0
50
30
6.0
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8.0
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40
10.0
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12.0
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10.0
20
4.0
5.0
10
2.0
0.0
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10
15
20
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0
10
15
0.0
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L1 data
L2 data
CPU (the rest)
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BAT[integer3,integer2]
phash_join(H=2)
reverse
partitioned hashjoin
(materializes complete
result table)
BAT[integer1,integer3] BAT[integer1,integer2]
radix bits
00
01
10
11
radix_cluster(P=2,H=2) radix_cluster(P=2,H=2)
A
C
D
D
D
D
A
B
E
G
H
H
H
H
E
F
z
z
z
y
y
y
x
z
4
0
1
5
2
6
3
7
0
3
5
2
2
3
e
e
f
g
h
f
i
i
j
k
l
j
BAT[integer1,integer3] BAT[integer1,integer2]
[integer](3)
[integer](2)
(this step is free:
viewimplemented)
BAT[integer1,integerX] BAT[integer1,integerY]
radixcluster, pass 2
(copies the key columns as
well as the projection columns)
radix bits
0x
1x
A
C
D
D
A
B
D
D
E
G
H
H
E
F
H
H
z
z
z
y
x
z
y
y
4
0
1
5
3
7
2
6
5
5
0
3
2
2
e
f
e
f
g
h
i
j
i
j
k
l
radixcluster, pass 1
(scans the whole relations)
larger table
A
A
B
D
C
D
D
D
E
E
F
H
G
H
H
H
3
4
7
2
0
1
6
5
x
z
z
y
z
z
y
y
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smaller table
5
5
3
2
0
2
e
f
f
g
e
h
i
j
j
k
i
l
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head
result table
0
1
2
3
4
5
D
D
C
A
D
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
H
H
G
E
H
H
0
1
2
3
4
5
y
y
z
x
y
y
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
g
h
e
f
e
f
void (zerospace)
column (dashed)
k
l
i
j
i
j
tail
0
1
2
3
4
5
arrowhead indicates
a sorted column
e
f
f
g
e
h
BAT
positional joins (efficiently implemented by using array lookup)
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
3
4
0
7
7
3
3
4
0
7
7
3
5
4
2
0
1
mark.reverse
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
5
4
2
0
1
reverse.mark.reverse
phash_join(H=1)
(partitioned hashjoin; produces join index)
1
3
4
6
0
2
5
7
4
2
0
6
3
7
1
5
2
0
2
5
5
3
3
4 0
5
0
1 1
2
radix bits
radix_cluster(P=1,H=1)
less passes (1) needed as an appropriate
sized hash partition contains more tuples
than in the relational case (where tuples
get wider due to projection attributes)
larger table
smaller table
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
A
B
D
C
D
D
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
E
E
F
H
G
H
H
H
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
x
z
z
y
z
z
y
y
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
4
7
2
0
1
6
5
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1
2
3
4
5
5
5
3
2
0
2
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
f
g
e
h
0
1
2
3
4
5
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8 8 A7
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M 58 8 A 4(
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8 (<0
! ("#<#$D*37(
M8

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8 <9

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2? 65@ 4 65:97
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%%
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. 8,/
*

+-+./10
8
)4I'8/F+
|
result table
0
1
2
3
4
5
A
D
D
C
D
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
E
H
H
G
H
H
0
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
y
x
z
y
positional joins with sequential access

3
3
4
0
7
7
0
3
3
4
7
7
3
5
4
2
0
1
2
3
5
4
0
1
reverse
.order
.reverse
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
3
3
4
7
7
mark
.reverse
source table
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
prior computation
of join index
6>4g;^-:G6%$-e
A
A
B
D
C
D
D
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
E
E
F
H
G
H
H
H
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
x
z
z
y
z
z
y
y
68279;:Gc ~khH8>L6\3AB1b: 9 6\HnAG>L9I3dKI9;>43WU'U >43-g .9;: A >43-g

FG9EAFG< X=E t K < 9 &1

K GF K

4K#FTy{{H>HK !zkFTK>

< KLH
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!
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'
)
,+-+./10
recursion
sequential
cache misses
until depth=
log2(N)
(log2(C)1)
last
log2(C)1
recursion
levels in
cache.
bidirectional cursor with repeated element swapping
8 40 93 32 11 43 86 21 17 44 88
31 18
8 17 21 32 11 43 86 93 44 40 88 87 99
depth 2
11 17
8 21 32 18 31 43 86 40 44 88 93 87 99
depth 3
6 17 11 21 18 32 31 43 40 86 44 88 87 93 99
depth 4
swapped elements
cache size (C=8)
result (N=16)
6 99
depth 1
31 18 87
6>LgI^-:G6 $We $
cache size (C=8)
8 11 17 18 21 31 32 40 43 44 86 87 88 93 99
P-656\2%9I: c
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10

4

result table
prior computation
of join index
0
1
2
3
4
5
D
D
A
D
D
C
0
1
2
3
4
5
H
H
E
H
H
G
0
1
2
3
4
5
y
y
x
y
y
z
positional joins with clustered access

3
3
4
0
7
7
3
5
4
2
0
1
3
0xx 3
0
4
1xx 7
7
radix_cluster(P=1,H=1,I=2)
(Partial RadixCluster)
3
5
2
4
0
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
3
0
4
7
7
mark.reverse
source table
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
spanned cluster size in source

column is chosen such that it fits
the cache, as the positional joins
access them randomly
6>LgI^-:G6 $We G
1k:G9
A
A
B
D
C
D
D
D
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
E
E
F
H
G
H
H
H
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
x
z
z
y
z
z
y
y
CACHE
SIZE
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$.e P-6%RE6\3-56 4-A)9@CbA P->?U%+VXW<;:VAG>4<;SHJS4^WUVA 68:- 9;>43UVA :Q<TAG68gIc 9a[_68X->?HnAG6\[>L3 6&>4g;^W:
6 $-e 0:'>4UA PE<TA
>LAhPW<;U1AGP-6]XE9;A 683AG>4<;SA 99;X_AG>L27v> y86]2768279;:GcXE6\:VCo9I: 2h<;3WHJ69@CA P-6HJ9ISL^W2%3(Co6JAQHQP->43-gÊUV>43-g
19UV>LA >49;3E<@S&~KI9;>43WU ^WUVA<IUkO,68S4S<IU
<5Co^-S4S!U 9;: A\MR-^_A<TA'<5HJS4^WUVA 6\: >43-g1H89IUVAbAGPW<TA,>4U,S46\UGUA PE<@3iAGP-6
H89IUVA'9@C<1Co^-S4S&U 9;: A\e
P-6%[_6JAQ<@>4SL6l[XE6\:VCo9I: 2h<;3WHJ656 j <@S4^W<TAG>L9I3]Co9;:ÊUV>43-g ^->?H - _9;: A9;: 9oCo^-S4S : "<;[->Zm$ &
SL^WUVA 6\:>?U
Co9I^-3W[d>L3 .6lHnAG>L9I3 $We -e }We

prior computation
of join index
used for fetching
column values from
other source table
(see figure 6.27)
radix_cluster(P=1,H=1,I=2)
3
3
4
0
7
7
3
5
4
2
0
1
3
0xx 3
0
4
1xx 7
7
3
5
2
4
0
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
3
0
4
7
7
result table
0
1
2
3
4
5
.
.
.
.
.
.
0
1
2
3
4
5
.
.
.
.
.
.
(CLUST_BORDERS)
0
1
2
3
4
5
g
h
f
e
e
f
0
1
2
3
4
5
k
l
j
i
i
j
RADIX DECLUSTER
0 2
1 2
2 2
mark.reverse
3 0
reverse.mark.reverse
radix_count(H=2,I=1) 0 4
0 i
0 e
1 5
1 j
1 f
(PIVOT)
2 0
2 k
2 g
3 2
3 j
3 f
mark.reverse
0 3
00x 4 0
4 1
4 l
4 h
1 5
5 1
3
5
5 i
5
e
2 2
0 3 reverse.mark.reverse
01x
(CLUST_OUTPUTIDS) (CLUST_VALUES)
3 4
2 2
4 0
1 5
10x 3 4
5 1
0 0
positional joins with clustered access
1 1
11x
2 3
reverse.radix_cluster(P=1,H=2,I=1).reverse
3 2
4 5
5 4
(CLUST_INPUTIDS)
source table
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
f
g
e
h
0
1
2
3
4
5
i
j
j
k
i
l
(COLUMNS)
6LgI^ $We C D
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>hF

G
borders BAT
MEMORY ACCESS PATTERN:
cluster end positions

single multicursor sequential
scan over idBAT and valueBAT
cluster start positions

0
1
2
3
current element
under consideration
2
2
2
0
id BAT
value BAT
0
1
2
3
4
5
2 0
4 2
6 4
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
put g at 0; advance in cluster
2 0
4 3
6 4
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
repeated sequential scan over cluster

start/end array (which generally is small enough to be cacheable)
insertion window
next cluster (3 is outside window)
2 0
4 2
6 4
cacheable random access in resultBAT

(clustered in insertion window)
result BAT
0 g
1
2
3
4
5
6"%$ &)(,0T
0
1
2
3
4
5
2 1
6 5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0
1
2
3
4
5
g
h
f
e
put f at 4; delete empty cluster
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0
1
2
3
4
5
g
h
f
e
f
put e at 5; delete empty cluster

advance window; ready
2 0
4 3
6 4
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0 g
1
2
3
4
5
put h at 1; advance window; reset
-/*%6
['! . E1
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
2 1
4 3
6 5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0 g
1 h
2
3 e
4
5
put f at 2; delete empty cluster;

advance window; reset
2 1
4 3
6 5
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0 g
1 h
2
3 e
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
2 0
4 3
6 5
3
4
0
2
1
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
e
f
g
f
h
e
0 g
1 h
2
3
4
5
put e at 3; advance in cluster
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basic relational table storage

H_ORDERS
oid
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
void oid
100 1000000
101 1000001
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
void
inverted list index storage (per column)

S_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE I_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE D_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
dbl
17,500.00
850.75
25,300.00
0.00
825.00
12,371.62
void
100
101
102
103
104
105
" %
oid
103
104
101
105
100
102
dbl
0.00
825.00
850.75
12,371.62
17,500.00
25,300.00
oid
dbl
oid
dbl
delete from ORDERS where ORDERKEY = 1000001

H_ORDERS
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
oid void
101 nil
void oid
100 1000000
nil
101
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
dbl
17,500.00
nil
25,300.00
0.00
825.00
12,371.62
void
100
101
102
103
104
105
oid
103
104
101
105
100
102
dbl
0.00
825.00
850.75
12,371.62
17,500.00
25,300.00
oid
dbl
oid
101
dbl
850.75
update ORDERS set TOTALPRICE = 15,000.00 where ORDERKEY = 1000003

H_ORDERS
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
void oid
100 1000000
nil
101
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
oid void
101 nil
dbl
17,500.00
nil
25,300.00
15,000.00
825.00
12,371.62
void
100
101
102
103
104
105
oid
103
104
101
105
100
102
dbl
0.00
825.00
850.75
12,371.62
17,500.00
25,300.00
oid
103
dbl
15,000.00
oid
101
103
dbl
850.75
0.00
insert into ORDERS (ORDERKEY,TOTALPRICE) values (1000006,965.25)

H_ORDERS
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
oid void
void oid
100 1000000
101 1000006
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
dbl
17,500.00
965.25
25,300.00
15,000.00
825.00
12,371.62
void
100
101
102
103
104
105
oid
103
104
101
105
100
102
dbl
0.00
825.00
850.75
12,371.62
17,500.00
25,300.00
oid
103
101
dbl
15,000.00
965.25
oid
101
103
dbl
850.75
0.00
insert into ORDERS (ORDERKEY,TOTALPRICE) values (1000007,100.00)

H_ORDERS
oid
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
void
C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
void oid
100 1000000
101 1000006
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
106 1000007
dbl
17,500.00
965.25
25,300.00
15,000.00
825.00
12,371.62
100.00
void
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
oid
103
104
101
105
100
102
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0.00
825.00
850.75
12,371.62
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25,300.00
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101
106
dbl
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965.25
100.00
oid
101
103
dbl
850.75
0.00
(automatic synchronize of inverted list on ORDERS.TOTALPRICE)

H_ORDERS
oid
C_ORDERS_ORDERKEY
void
n Iiqb
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C_ORDERS_TOTALPRICE
void oid
100 1000000
101 1000006
102 1000002
103 1000003
104 1000004
105 1000005
106 1000007
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825.00
12,371.62
100.00
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100
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104
105
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106
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list (
2000
selectproject with a 7ms, 20MB/s disk
(TPCH SF=100 table=LINEITEM)
0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.00001
0.01
0.1
selectivity (fraction of tuples selected)
1/185
1/2958
1/2
RDBMS: projection with random access
100000
RDBMS: full query in 1 sequential scan

Monet: random acccess to 1 CBAT
10000
Monet: sequential scan of 1 CBAT
seconds
1000
100
10
tial
1
list
rted
inve
0.1
0.00001
n|K('*) ^PN
1990
ess)
acc
selectproject with a 14ms, 1MB/s disk
(s
(TPCH SF=100 table=LINEITEM)
0.0001
B @;F$
,+
en
equ
0.001
0.01
0.1
selectivity (fraction of tuples selected)
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source table
0
1
2
3
4
5
10
12
12
12
9
11
0
1
2
3
4
5
a
b
b
a
b
a
0
1
2
3
4
5
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
....
0
1
2
3
4
5
.
.
.
.
.
.
order
GLOBAL 4 9
ORDERING 0 10
BAT 5 11
2 12
3 12
1 12
4
0
5
3
1
2
order(*)
0 GLOBAL
1 ORDERING
order(*)
2 BAT
3
4
4
MILproc
order(b,a)
mark.
reverse
reverse.
mark.
reverse
GROUPING PIVOT.join(COL)
PIVOT
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
4
0
5
2
3
1
9
10
11
12
12
12
0
1
2
3
4
5
b
a
a
b
a
b
CTorder(p,g,c)
[4,b] renumbers tail
[0,a] for each unique
[5,a] combination.
[3,a]
[1,b]
12 [2,b]
9
10
11
qsort
see order implementation (chapter 5)

MILproc
join(pivot,col)
radixcluster(P=1,H=1,I=1)
radix_count(H=1,I=1)
borders
0 3
1 3
0x 1
3
5
1x 0
2
4
0
2
1
4
5
3
mark.
reverse
reverse.
mark.
reverse
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
2
1
4
5
3
radix
decluster
0
1
2
3
4
5
1
3
5
0
2
4
0
1
2
3
4
5
a
b
b
b
a
a
join(*)
see radixaccelerator (chapter 6)
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table
oid
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oid
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oid
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oid
value
oid
value
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