Joint Publication 1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms 8 November 2010 (As Amended Through 15 November 2011) PREFACE 1. Scope The Joint Publication 1-02, Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms sets forth standard US military and associated terminology to encompass the joint activity of the Armed Forces of the United States. These military and associated terms, together with their definitions, constitute approved Department of Defense (DOD) terminology for general use by all DOD components. 2. Purpose This publication supplements standard English-language dictionaries and standardizes military and associated terminology to improve communication and mutual understanding within DOD, with other federal agencies, and among the United States and its allies. 3. Application This publication applies to the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Services, the Joint Staff, combatant commands, DOD agencies, and all other DOD components. It is the primary terminology source when preparing correspondence, to include policy, strategy, doctrine, and planning documents. Criteria for inclusion of terminology in JP 1-02 is enumerated in Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 5025.12, Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction (CJCSI) 5705.01, Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology. 4. Publication Format This edition of JP 1-02 has been published in two basic parts: a. Terms and definitions. These are annotated with the source publication. b. Abbreviations and acronyms. The source publication establishes the authoritative context for proper understanding and management of the associated term. i Preface 5. JP 1-02 Online Availability and Update Schedule JP 1-02 is accessible online as a searchable database and in PDF format at the following Internet address: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/dod_dictionary and at the following NIPRNET address: https://jdeis.js.mil. The contents of JP 1-02 are updated on a monthly basis to include any terminology additions, modifications, or deletions made within the previous calendar month in accordance with CJCSI 5705.01. For the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: WILLIAM E. GORTNEY Vice Admiral, USN Director, Joint Staff ii JP 1-02 TABLE OF CONTENTS MAIN BODY . ........................................................................................................................................ 1 APPENDIX A Abbreviations and Acronyms ...........................................................................................A-1 B Administrative Instructions............................................................................................... B-1 iii Table of Contents Intentionally Blank iv JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 A abort — (*) 1. To terminate a mission for any reason other than enemy action. It may occur at any point after the beginning of the mission and prior to its completion. 2. To discontinue aircraft takeoff or missile launch. acceptability — The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the contemplated course of action is proportional, worth the cost, consistent with the law of war; and is militarily and politically supportable. See also adequacy; feasibility. (JP 5-0) access — In counterintelligence and intelligence use, a. a way or means of approach to identify a target; or b. exploitable proximity to or ability to approach an individual, facility, or information that enables target to carry out the intended mission. (JP 2-01.2) access to classified information — The ability and opportunity to obtain knowledge of classified information. Persons have access to classified information if they are permitted to gain knowledge of the information or if they are in a place where they would be expected to gain such knowledge. Persons do not have access to classified information by being in a place where classified information is kept if security measures prevent them from gaining knowledge of the information. accompanying supplies — Unit supplies that deploy with forces. accountability — The obligation imposed by law or lawful order or regulation on an officer or other person for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The person having this obligation may or may not have actual possession of the property, documents, or funds. Accountability is concerned primarily with records, while responsibility is concerned primarily with custody, care, and safekeeping. See also responsibility. acoustical surveillance — Employment of electronic devices, including sound-recording, -receiving, or -transmitting equipment, for the collection of information. acoustic intelligence — Intelligence derived from the collection and processing of acoustic phenomena. Also called ACINT. (JP 2-0) acoustic jamming — The deliberate radiation or reradiation of mechanical or electroacoustic signals with the objectives of obliterating or obscuring signals that the enemy is attempting to receive and of disrupting enemy weapons systems. See also barrage jamming; electronic warfare; jamming. (JP 3-13.1) acquisition and cross-servicing agreement — Agreements negotiated on a bilateral basis with US allies or coalition partners that allow US forces to exchange most common types of support, including food, fuel, transportation, ammunition, and equipment. Authority to negotiate these agreements is usually delegated to the combatant JP 1-02 1 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 commander by the Secretary of Defense. Authority to execute these agreements lies with the Secretary of Defense, and may or may not be delegated. Governed by legal guidelines, these agreements are used for contingencies, peacekeeping operations, unforeseen emergencies, or exercises to correct logistic deficiencies that cannot be adequately corrected by national means. The support received or given is reimbursed under the conditions of the acquisition and cross-servicing agreement. Also called ACSA. See also cross-servicing; servicing. (JP 4-08) actionable intelligence — Intelligence information that is directly useful to customers for immediate exploitation without having to go through the full intelligence production process. (JP 2-01.2) action information center — See air defense control center; combat information center. action phase — In amphibious operations, the period of time between the arrival of the landing forces of the amphibious force in the operational area and the accomplishment of their mission. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation; landing force; mission. (JP 3-02) activation — Order to active duty (other than for training) in the federal service. See also active duty; federal service. (JP 4-05) active air defense — Direct defensive action taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets. It includes the use of aircraft, air defense weapons, electronic warfare, and other available weapons. See also air defense. (JP 3-01) active communications satellite — See communications satellite. active defense — The employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny a contested area or position to the enemy. See also passive defense. active duty — Full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. This includes members of the Reserve Component serving on active duty or full-time training duty, but does not include full-time National Guard duty. Also called AD. See also active duty for training; inactive duty training. (JP 4-05) active duty for special work — A tour of active duty for reserve personnel authorized from military and reserve personnel appropriations for work on active or reserve component programs. Also called ADSW. (JP 1-0) active duty for training — A tour of active duty which is used for training members of the Reserve Components to provide trained units and qualified persons to fill the needs of the Armed Forces in time of war or national emergency and such other times as the national security requires. The member is under orders that provide for return to 2 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 non-active status when the period of active duty for training is completed. This includes annual training, special tours of active duty for training, school tours, and the initial duty for training performed by nonprior service enlistees. Also called ADT. Active Guard and Reserve — National Guard and Reserve members who are on voluntary active duty providing full-time support to National Guard, Reserve, and Active Component organizations for the purpose of organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the Reserve Components. Also called AGR. (CJCSM 3150.13) active material — (*) Material, such as plutonium and certain isotopes of uranium, which is capable of supporting a fission chain reaction. active sealift forces — Military Sealift Command active, common-user sealift and the afloat pre-positioning force, including the required cargo handling and delivery systems as well as necessary operating personnel. See also afloat pre-positioning force; common-user sealift; Military Sealift Command. (JP 4-01.2) active status — Status of all Reserves except those on an inactive status list or in the Retired Reserve. Reservists in an active status may train for points and/or pay and may be considered for promotion. activity — 1. A unit, organization, or installation performing a function or mission. 2. A function, mission, action, or collection of actions. Also called ACT. (JP 3-0) act of mercy — In personnel recovery, assistance rendered to evaders by an individual or elements of the local population who sympathize or empathize with the evaders’ cause or plight. See also evader; evasion; recovery; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) actual ground zero — (*) The point on the surface of the Earth at, or vertically below or above, the center of an actual nuclear detonation. See also ground zero. acute care services — Medical services provided for patients with conditions that generally have a rapid onset and follow a short course or require immediate attention. Most battlefield care rendered after wounding, illness, or injury onset is acute care service. Acute care service is delivered after the onset of symptoms, which differentiates it from preventive care that is delivered before symptoms appear. (JP 4-02) acute radiation dose — Total ionizing radiation dose received at one time and over a period so short that biological recovery cannot occur. (JP 3-11) acute radiation syndrome — An acute illness caused by irradiation of the body by a high dose of penetrating radiation in a very short period of time. Also called ARS. (JP 3-11) Adaptive Planning and Execution system — A Department of Defense system of joint policies, processes, procedures, and reporting structures, supported by communications and information technology, that is used by the joint planning and execution JP 1-02 3 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 community to monitor, plan, and execute mobilization, deployment, employment, sustainment, redeployment, and demobilization activities associated with joint operations. Also called APEX system. (JP 5-0) adequacy — The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the scope and concept of planned operations can accomplish the assigned mission and comply with the planning guidance provided. See also acceptability; feasibility. (JP 5-0) adjust — An order to the observer or spotter to initiate an adjustment on a designated target. administrative contracting officer — Contracting officer whose primary duties involve contract administration. Also called ACO. See also contracting officer; procuring contracting officer. (JP 4-10) administrative control — Direction or exercise of authority over subordinate or other organizations in respect to administration and support, including organization of Service forces, control of resources and equipment, personnel management, unit logistics, individual and unit training, readiness, mobilization, demobilization, discipline, and other matters not included in the operational missions of the subordinate or other organizations. Also called ADCON. (JP 1) administrative landing — An unopposed landing involving debarkation from vessels that have been administratively loaded. See also administrative loading; logistics overthe-shore operations. administrative loading — A loading method that gives primary consideration to achieving maximum utilization of troop and cargo space without regard to tactical considerations. Equipment and supplies must be unloaded and sorted before they can be used. Also called commercial loading. (JP 3-02.1) advanced base — A base located in or near an operational area whose primary mission is to support military operations. (JP 3-34) advanced geospatial intelligence — Refers to the technical, geospatial, and intelligence information derived through interpretation or analysis using advanced processing of all data collected by imagery or imagery-related collection systems. Also known as imagery-derived measurement and signature intelligence. Also called AGI. (JP 2-03) advanced operations base — In special operations, a small temporary base established near or within a joint special operations area to command, control, and/or support training or tactical operations. Facilities are normally austere. The base may be ashore or afloat. If ashore, it may include an airfield or unimproved airstrip, a pier, or an anchorage. An advanced operations base is normally controlled and/or supported by a main operations base or a forward operations base. Also called AOB. See also forward operations base; main operations base. (JP 3-05.1) 4 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 advance force — A temporary organization within the amphibious task force which precedes the main body to the objective area, for preparing the objective for the main assault by conducting such operations as reconnaissance, seizure of supporting positions, mine countermeasures, preliminary bombardment, underwater demolitions, and air support. (JP 3-02) advance guard — Detachment sent ahead of the main force to ensure its uninterrupted advance; to protect the main body against surprise; to facilitate the advance by removing obstacles and repairing roads and bridges; and to cover the deployment of the main body if it is committed to action. (JP 3-07.2) adversary — A party acknowledged as potentially hostile to a friendly party and against which the use of force may be envisaged. (JP 3-0) adversary template — A model based on an adversary’s known or postulated preferred methods of operation illustrating the disposition and activity of adversary forces and assets conducting a particular operation unconstrained by the impact of the operational environment. (JP 2-01.3) aerial port — An airfield that has been designated for the sustained air movement of personnel and materiel as well as an authorized port for entrance into or departure from the country where located. Also called APORT. See also port of debarkation; port of embarkation. (JP 3-17) aerial port squadron — An Air Force organization that operates and provides the functions assigned to aerial ports, including processing personnel and cargo, rigging for airdrop, packing parachutes, loading equipment, preparing air cargo and load plans, loading and securing aircraft, ejecting cargo for inflight delivery, and supervising units engaged in aircraft loading and unloading operations. aeromedical evacuation — The movement of patients under medical supervision to and between medical treatment facilities by air transportation. Also called AE. (JP 4-02) aeromedical evacuation control team — A core team assigned to a component-numbered air force, Air Force air and space operations center, or air mobility division that provides command and control of assigned aeromedical evacuation forces. Also called AECT. See also aeromedical evacuation; air mobility division. (JP 3-17) aeromedical evacuation coordination center — A coordination center within the joint air operations center’s airlift coordination cell that monitors all activities related to aeromedical evacuation (AE) operations execution. It manages the medical aspects of the AE mission and serves as the net control station for AE communications. It coordinates medical requirements with airlift capability, assigns medical missions to the appropriate AE elements, and monitors patient movement activities. Also called AECC. See also aeromedical evacuation; aeromedical evacuation system; aeromedical evacuation unit. (JP 4-02.2) JP 1-02 5 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 aeromedical evacuation system — A system that provides: a. control of patient movement by air transport; b. specialized medical aircrew, medical crew augmentees, and specialty medical attendants and equipment for inflight medical care; c. facilities on or in the vicinity of air strips and air bases for the limited medical care of intransit patients entering, en route via, or leaving the system; and d. communication with originating, destination, and en route medical facilities concerning patient transportation. Also called AES. See also aeromedical evacuation. (JP 4-02.2) aeromedical evacuation unit — An operational medical organization concerned primarily with the management and control of patients being transported via an aeromedical evacuation system or system echelon. See also forward aeromedical evacuation. aeronautical chart — A specialized representation of mapped features of the Earth, or some part of it, produced to show selected terrain, cultural and hydrographic features, and supplemental information required for air navigation, pilotage, or for planning air operations. aerospace — Of, or pertaining to, Earth’s envelope of atmosphere and the space above it; two separate entities considered as a single realm for activity in launching, guidance, and control of vehicles that will travel in both entities. aerospace defense — 1. All defensive measures designed to destroy or nullify attacking enemy aircraft and missiles and also negate hostile space systems. 2. An inclusive term encompassing air defense, ballistic missile defense, and space defense. See also air defense; space defense. (JP 3-27) afloat pre-positioning force — Shipping maintained in full operational status to afloat preposition military equipment and supplies in support of combatant commanders’ operation plans. The afloat pre-positioning force consists of the three maritime prepositioning ships squadrons, the Army’s afloat pre-positioning stocks-3 ships, and the Navy, Defense Logistics Agency, and Air Force ships. Also called APF. See also maritime pre-positioning ships. (JP 4-01.2) afloat pre-positioning operations — Pre-positioning of ships, preloaded with equipment and supplies (including ammunition and petroleum) that provides for an alternative to land-based programs. This concept provides for ships and onboard force support equipment and supplies positioned near potential crisis areas that can be delivered rapidly to joint airlifted forces in the operational area. Afloat pre-positioning in forward areas enhances a force’s capability to respond to a crisis, resulting in faster reaction time. See also operation. (JP 4-01.6) afloat pre-positioning ships — Forward deployed merchant ships loaded with tactical equipment and supplies to support the initial deployment of military forces. Also called APS. (JP 4-01.2) 6 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 afloat support — (*) A form of logistic support outside the confines of a harbor in which fuel, ammunition, and supplies are provided for operating forces either underway or at anchor. agency — In intelligence usage, an organization or individual engaged in collecting and/or processing information. Also called collection agency. See also agent; intelligence process; source. (JP 2-01) agent — In intelligence usage, one who is authorized or instructed to obtain or to assist in obtaining information for intelligence or counterintelligence purposes. (JP 2-01.2) aimpoint — 1. A point associated with a target and assigned for a specific weapon impact. May be defined descriptively (e.g., vent in center of roof), by grid reference, or geolocation. More specific classifications of aimpoint include desired point of impact, joint desired point of impact, and desired mean point of impact. 2. A prominent radarsignificant feature, for example a tip of land or bridge, used to assist an aircrew in navigating and delivering their weapons (usually in bad weather and/or at night). See also desired mean point of impact; desired point of impact. (JP 3-60) air alert — See airborne alert; air defense warning conditions; ground alert. air and space expeditionary task force — A deployed numbered air force or command echelon immediately subordinate to a numbered air force provided as the United States Air Force component command committed to a joint operation. Also called AETF. See also air expeditionary force; air expeditionary wing. (JP 3-30) air and space operations center — The senior agency of the Air Force component commander that provides command and control of Air Force air and space operations and coordinates with other components and Services. Also called AOC. (JP 3-30) air apportionment — The determination and assignment of the total expected effort by percentage and/or by priority that should be devoted to the various air operations for a given period of time. (JP 3-0) air assault — The movement of friendly assault forces (combat, combat support, and combat service support) by rotary-wing aircraft to engage and destroy enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain. See also assault. (JP 3-18) air assault force — A force composed primarily of ground and rotary-wing air units organized, equipped, and trained for air assault operations. (JP 3-18) air assault operation — An operation in which assault forces (combat, combat support, and combat service support), using the mobility of rotary-wing assets and the total integration of available firepower, maneuver under the control of a ground or air maneuver commander to engage enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain. (JP 3-18) JP 1-02 7 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 airborne — 1. In relation to personnel, troops especially trained to effect, following transport by air, an assault debarkation, either by parachuting or touchdown. 2. In relation to equipment, pieces of equipment that have been especially designed for use by airborne troops during or after an assault debarkation. It also designates some aeronautical equipment used to accomplish a particular mission. 3. When applied to materiel, items that form an integral part of the aircraft. 4. The state of an aircraft, from the instant it becomes entirely sustained by air until it ceases to be so sustained. A lighter-than-air aircraft is not considered to be airborne when it is attached to the ground, except that moored balloons are airborne whenever sent aloft. Also called ABN. (JP 3-17) airborne alert — (*) A state of aircraft readiness wherein combat-equipped aircraft are airborne and ready for immediate action. (DOD only) It is designed to reduce reaction time and to increase survivability. See also combat air patrol; ground alert. airborne assault — See assault phase. airborne early warning — The detection of enemy air or surface units by radar or other equipment carried in an airborne vehicle, and the transmitting of a warning to friendly units. Also called AEW. (JP 3-52) airborne early warning and control — (*) Air surveillance and control provided by airborne early warning aircraft which are equipped with search and height-finding radar and communications equipment for controlling weapon systems. Also called AEW & C. airborne lift — The total capacities expressed in terms of personnel and cargo that are, or can be, carried by available aircraft in one trip. airborne mission coordinator — The designated individual that serves as an airborne extension of the component commander or supported commander responsible for the personnel recovery mission, through the designated personnel recovery task force to manage requirements for the rescue force by monitoring the status of all its elements, requesting additional assets when needed, and ensuring the recovery and supporting forces arrive at their designated areas to accomplish the mission. Also called AMC. See also combat search and rescue; combat search and rescue task force; personnel recovery coordination cell. (JP 3-50) airborne operation — An operation involving the air movement into an objective area of combat forces and their logistic support for execution of a tactical, operational, or strategic mission. The means employed may be any combination of airborne units, air transportable units, and types of transport aircraft, depending on the mission and the overall situation. See also assault; assault phase. (JP 3-18) airborne troops — Those ground units whose primary mission is to make assault landings from the air. 8 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 air-breathing missile — A missile with an engine requiring the intake of air for combustion of its fuel, as in a ramjet or turbojet. To be contrasted with the rocket missile, which carries its own oxidizer and can operate beyond the atmosphere. air-capable ship — A ship other than aircraft carrier; aircraft carrier, nuclear; amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter; general purpose amphibious assault ship; or general purpose amphibious assault ship (with internal dock) from which aircraft can take off, be recovered, or routinely receive and transfer logistic support. See also aviation ship. (JP 3-04) air component coordination element — An Air Force component element that interfaces and provides liaison with the joint force land component commander, or commander Army forces. The air component coordination element is the senior Air Force element assisting the joint force land component commander, or commander Army forces in planning air component supporting and supported requirements. Also called ACCE. (JP 3-30) air corridor — A restricted air route of travel specified for use by friendly aircraft and established for the purpose of preventing friendly aircraft from being fired on by friendly forces. (JP 3-52) aircraft carrier — A warship designed to support and operate aircraft, engage in attacks on targets afloat or ashore, and engage in sustained operations in support of other forces. Designated as CV or CVN. CVN is nuclear powered. aircraft cross-servicing — (*) Services performed on an aircraft by an organization other than that to which the aircraft is assigned, according to an established operational aircraft cross-servicing requirement, and for which there may be a charge. Aircraft cross-servicing has been divided into two categories: a. Stage A cross-servicing: The servicing of an aircraft on an airfield/ship which enables the aircraft to be flown to another airfield/ship. b. Stage B cross-servicing: The servicing of an aircraft on an airfield/ship which enables the aircraft to be flown on an operational mission. aircraft loading table — A data sheet used by the airlift commander containing information as to the load that actually goes into each aircraft. aircraft tiedown — Securing aircraft when parked in the open to restrain movement due to the weather or condition of the parking area. air defense — Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles in the atmosphere, or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack. Also called AD. See also active air defense; aerospace defense; passive air defense. (JP 3-01) air defense area — 1. overseas — A specifically defined airspace for which air defense must be planned and provided. 2. United States — Airspace of defined dimensions designated by the appropriate agency within which the ready control of airborne JP 1-02 9 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 vehicles is required in the interest of national security during an air defense emergency. (JP 3-01) air defense artillery — Weapons and equipment for actively combating air targets from the ground. Also called ADA. air defense control center — The principal information, communications, and operations center from which all aircraft, antiaircraft operations, air defense artillery, guided missiles, and air warning functions of a specific area of air defense responsibility are supervised and coordinated. Also called air defense operations center. See also combat information center. (JP 3-01) air defense direction center — An installation having the capability of performing air surveillance, interception, control, and direction of allocated air defense weapons within an assigned sector of responsibility. It may also have an identification capability. (JP 3-01) air defense early warning — See early warning. air defense identification zone — Airspace of defined dimensions within which the ready identification, location, and control of airborne vehicles are required. Also called ADIZ. (JP 3-52) air defense operations center — See air defense control center. air defense region — A geographical subdivision of an air defense area. (JP 3-01) air defense sector — A geographical subdivision of an air defense region. (JP 3-01) air defense warning conditions — A degree of air raid probability according to the following code. The term air defense region/sector referred to herein may include forces and units afloat and/or deployed to forward areas, as applicable. Air defense warning yellow — attack by hostile aircraft and/or missiles is probable. This means that hostile aircraft and/or missiles are en route toward an air defense region/sector, or unknown aircraft and/or missiles suspected to be hostile are en route toward or are within an air defense region/sector. Air defense warning red — attack by hostile aircraft and/or missiles is imminent or is in progress. This means that hostile aircraft and/or missiles are within an air defense region/sector or are in the immediate vicinity of an air defense region/sector with high probability of entering the region/sector. Air defense warning white — attack by hostile aircraft and/or missiles is improbable. May be called either before or after air defense warning yellow or red. The initial declaration of air defense emergency will automatically establish a condition of air defense warning other than white for purposes of security control of air traffic. Also called ADWCs. (JP 3-01) air delivery — See airdrop; airland; air movement. (JP 3-17) 10 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 air domain — The atmosphere, beginning at the Earth’s surface, extending to the altitude where its effects upon operations become negligible. (JP 3-30) airdrop — The unloading of personnel or materiel from aircraft in flight. See also air movement; free drop; free fall; high velocity drop; low velocity drop. (JP 3-17) air expeditionary force — Deployed US Air Force wings, groups, and squadrons committed to a joint operation. Also called AEF. See also air and space expeditionary task force. (JP 3-33) air expeditionary wing — A wing or wing slice placed under the administrative control of an air and space expeditionary task force or air and space task force by Department of the Air Force orders for a joint operation. Also called AEW. See also air and space expeditionary task force. (JP 3-33) air facility — An installation from which air operations may be or are being conducted. See also facility. airfield — An area prepared for the accommodation (including any buildings, installations, and equipment), landing, and takeoff of aircraft. See also departure airfield; landing area; landing site. (JP 3-17) Air Force special operations component — The Air Force component of a joint force special operations component. Also called AFSOC. See also Army special operations component; Navy special operations component. (JP 3-05.1) Air Force special operations detachment — A squadron-size headquarters that could be a composite organization composed of different Air Force special operations assets, normally subordinate to an Air Force special operations component. Also called AFSOD. (JP 3-05) Air Force special operations forces — Those Active and Reserve Component Air Force forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called AFSOF. (JP 3-05) airhead — 1. A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile operational area that, when seized and held, ensures the continuous air landing of troops and materiel and provides the maneuver space necessary for projected operations. Normally it is the area seized in the assault phase of an airborne operation. (JP 3-18) 2. A designated location in an operational area used as a base for supply and evacuation by air. See also beachhead. (JP 3-17) airhead line — A line denoting the limits of the objective area for an airborne assault. The airhead line is bounded by assault objectives that are operationally located to ensure that enemy fires cannot be brought to bear on the main objective and for friendly forces JP 1-02 11 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 to conduct defensive operations in depth. See also airhead; assault phase; objective area. (JP 3-18) air intercept control common — A tactical air-to-ground radio frequency, monitored by all air intercept control facilities within an area, that is used as a backup for other discrete tactical control frequencies. air interception — To effect visual or electronic contact by a friendly aircraft with another aircraft. Normally, the air intercept is conducted in the following five phases: a. climb phase — Airborne to cruising altitude. b. maneuver phase — Receipt of initial vector to target until beginning transition to attack speed and altitude. c. transition phase — Increase or decrease of speed and altitude required for the attack. d. attack phase — Turn to attack heading, acquire target, complete attack, and turn to breakaway heading. e. recovery phase — Breakaway to landing. See also close-controlled air interception. air interdiction — Air operations conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemy’s military surface capabilities before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives that are conducted at such distances from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required. (JP 3-03) airland — Move by air and disembark, or unload, after the aircraft has landed or while an aircraft is hovering. See also air movement. (JP 3-17) air land operation — An operation involving movement by air with a designated destination for further ground deployment of units and personnel and/or further ground distribution of supplies. See also airland. (JP 3-17) air-launched ballistic missile — A ballistic missile launched from an airborne vehicle. air liaison officer — The senior tactical air control party member attached to a ground unit who functions as the primary advisor to the ground commander on air power. An air liaison officer is usually an aeronautically rated officer. Also called ALO. See also liaison. (JP 3-09.3) airlift capability — The total capacity expressed in terms of number of passengers and/or weight/cubic displacement of cargo that can be carried at any one time to a given destination by available airlift. See also airlift requirement. (JP 3-17) airlift control team — A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. The airlift control team brings intratheater airlift functional expertise from the theater organizations to plan, coordinate, manage, and execute intratheater airlift operations in the area of responsibility and joint operations area for the joint force air component commander. United States Transportation Command and Air Mobility Command may augment the airlift control team with intratheater airlift 12 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 expertise. These two sources of airlift expertise integrate into a single airlift control team within the air mobility division. Also called ALCT. See also air and space operations center; air mobility division; intratheater airlift. (JP 3-17) airlift mission commander — A commander designated when airlift aircraft are participating in airlift operations specified in the implementing directive. The airlift mission commander is usually designated by the commander of the deployed airlift unit, but may be selected by the Air Force component commander or joint force air component commander depending on the nature of the mission. See also joint force air component commander. (JP 3-17) airlift requirement — The total number of passengers and/or weight/cubic displacement of cargo required to be carried by air for a specific task. See also airlift capability. (JP 3-17) airmiss — See near miss. air mobility — The rapid movement of personnel, materiel and forces to and from or within a theater by air. This includes both airlift and air refueling. See also air refueling. (JP 3-17) Air Mobility Command — The Air Force component command of the US Transportation Command. Also called AMC. (JP 3-17) air mobility control team — A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. The air mobility control team is the centralized source of air mobility command, control, and communications for the director of mobility forces during mission execution. The director of mobility forces uses the air mobility control team to direct (or redirect as required) air mobility forces in concert with other air and space forces to respond to requirement changes, higher priorities, or immediate execution limitations. The air mobility control team deconflicts all air mobility operations into, out of, and within the area of responsibility or joint operations area. The air mobility control team maintains execution process and communications connectivity for tasking, coordination, and flight with the joint air operations center’s combat operations division, subordinate air mobility units, and mission forces. Also called AMCT. See also air and space operations center; air mobility; air mobility division. (JP 3-17) air mobility division — Located in the joint air operations center to plan, coordinate, task, and execute the air mobility mission. Consists of the air mobility control team, airlift control team, air refueling control team, and aeromedical evacuation control team. Coordinates with the joint force commander’s movement requirements and control authority, the theater air mobility operations control center, if established, and the Air Mobility Command’s tanker/airlift control center, as required. Also called AMD. See also air mobility; joint air operations center. (JP 3-17) air mobility liaison officer — An officer specially trained to implement the theater air control system and to advise on control of airlift assets. Also called AMLO. (JP 3-17) JP 1-02 13 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 air movement — Air transport of units, personnel, supplies, and equipment including airdrops and air landings. See also airdrop; airland. (JP 3-17) airport — See airfield. air refueling — The refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft. Also called AR. (JP 3-17) air refueling control point — During refueling operations, the geographic point where the receiver arrives in the observation or precontact position with respect to the tanker. Also called ARCP. air refueling control team — A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. Part of the air operations center that coordinates aerial refueling planning, tasking, and scheduling to support combat air operations or to support a strategic airbridge within the area of responsibility or joint area of operations. Also called ARCT. See also air and space operations center; air mobility division; air refueling. (JP 3-17) air refueling control time — During refueling operations, the time the receiver and tanker arrive at the air refueling control point. Also called ARCT. air refueling initiation point — During refueling operations, a point located upstream from the air refueling control point (inbound to the air refueling control point) where the receiver aircraft initiates the rendezvous. Also called ARIP. air request net — A high frequency, single sideband, nonsecure net monitored by all tactical air control parties (TACPs) and the air support operations center (ASOC) that allows immediate requests to be transmitted from a TACP at any Army echelon directly to the ASOC for rapid response. (JP 3-01) air route — The navigable airspace between two points, identified to the extent necessary for the application of flight rules. (JP 3-52) air route traffic control center — The principal facility exercising en route control of aircraft operating under instrument flight rules within its area of jurisdiction. Approximately 26 such centers cover the United States and its possessions. Each has a communication capability to adjacent centers. air smuggling event — In counterdrug operations, the departure of a suspected drug smuggling aircraft, an airdrop of drugs, or the arrival of a suspected drug smuggling aircraft. (JP 3-07.4) air sovereignty — A nation’s inherent right to exercise absolute control and authority over the airspace above its territory. See also air sovereignty mission. 14 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 air sovereignty mission — The integrated tasks of surveillance and control, the execution of which enforces a nation’s authority over its territorial airspace. See also air sovereignty. airspace control — A process used to increase operational effectiveness by promoting the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace. (JP 3-52) airspace control area — Airspace that is laterally defined by the boundaries of the operational area, and may be subdivided into airspace control sectors. (JP 3-01) airspace control authority — The commander designated to assume overall responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the airspace control area. Also called ACA. See also airspace control; airspace control area; airspace control system; control; operation. (JP 3-52) airspace control order — An order implementing the airspace control plan that provides the details of the approved requests for airspace coordinating measures. It is published either as part of the air tasking order or as a separate document. Also called ACO. (JP 3-52) airspace control plan — The document approved by the joint force commander that provides specific planning guidance and procedures for the airspace control system for the joint force operational area. Also called ACP. See also airspace control system; joint force commander. (JP 3-52) airspace control procedures — Rules, mechanisms, and directions that facilitate the control and use of airspace of specified dimensions. See also airspace control authority; airspace control order; airspace control plan. (JP 3-52) airspace control sector — A subelement of the airspace control area, established to facilitate the control of the overall area. Airspace control sector boundaries normally coincide with air defense organization subdivision boundaries. Airspace control sectors are designated in accordance with procedures and guidance contained in the airspace control plan in consideration of Service component, host nation, and multinational airspace control capabilities and requirements. See also airspace control area. (JP 3-52) airspace control system — An arrangement of those organizations, personnel, policies, procedures, and facilities required to perform airspace control functions. Also called ACS. (JP 3-52) airspace coordinating measures — Measures employed to facilitate the efficient use of airspace to accomplish missions and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces. Also called ACMs. See also airspace control area; airspace control sector; airspace coordination area; high-density airspace control zone; weapons engagement zone. (JP 3-52) JP 1-02 15 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 airspace coordination area — A three-dimensional block of airspace in a target area, established by the appropriate ground commander, in which friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires. The airspace coordination area may be formal or informal. Also called ACA. (JP 3-09.3) airspace management — The coordination, integration, and regulation of the use of airspace of defined dimensions. (JP 3-52) airspace reservation — The airspace located above an area on the surface of the land or water, designated and set apart by Executive Order of the President or by a state, commonwealth, or territory, over which the flight of aircraft is prohibited or restricted for the purpose of national defense or for other governmental purposes. air strike — An attack on specific objectives by fighter, bomber, or attack aircraft on an offensive mission. May consist of several air organizations under a single command in the air. air superiority — That degree of dominance in the air battle of one force over another that permits the conduct of operations by the former and its related land, maritime, and air forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force. (JP 3-30) air support coordination section — In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designated to coordinate, control, and integrate all direct support aircraft (i.e., close air support) and assault support operations. Also called ASCS. (JP 3-02) air support operations center — The principal air control agency of the theater air control system responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the ground combat element. It coordinates air missions requiring integration with other supporting arms and ground forces. It normally collocates with the Army tactical headquarters senior fire support coordination center within the ground combat element. Also called ASOC. See also close air support; operation; tactical air control center. (JP 3-09.3) air support request — A means to request preplanned and immediate close air support, air interdiction, air reconnaissance, surveillance, escort, helicopter airlift, and other aircraft missions. Also called AIRSUPREQ. (JP 3-30) air supremacy — That degree of air superiority wherein the opposing air force is incapable of effective interference. (JP 3-30) air surveillance — (*) The systematic observation of airspace by electronic, visual or other means, primarily for the purpose of identifying and determining the movements of aircraft and missiles, friendly and enemy, in the airspace under observation. See also satellite and missile surveillance; surveillance. 16 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 air tasking order — A method used to task and disseminate to components, subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected sorties, capabilities and/or forces to targets and specific missions. Normally provides specific instructions to include call signs, targets, controlling agencies, etc., as well as general instructions. Also called ATO. (JP 3-30) air terminal — A facility on an airfield that functions as an air transportation hub and accommodates the loading and unloading of airlift aircraft and the intransit processing of traffic. The airfield may or may not be designated an aerial port. (JP 3-17) air-to-air guided missile — (*) An air-launched guided missile for use against air targets. See also guided missile. air traffic controller — An air controller specially trained and certified for civilian air traffic control. (JP 3-52) air traffic control section — In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designed to provide initial safe passage, radar control, and surveillance for close air support aircraft in the operational area. Also called ATCS. (JP 3-02) airways station — A ground communication installation established, manned, and equipped to communicate with aircraft in flight, as well as with other designated airways installations, for the purpose of expeditious and safe movements of aircraft. These stations may or may not be located on designated airways. alert force — Specified forces maintained in a special degree of readiness. (JP 3-10) alerting service — A service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assist such organizations as required. (JP 3-52) alert order — 1. A crisis action planning directive from the Secretary of Defense, issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that provides essential guidance for planning and directs the initiation of execution planning for the selected course of action authorized by the Secretary of Defense. 2. A planning directive that provides essential planning guidance, directs the initiation of execution planning after the directing authority approves a military course of action, but does not authorize execution. Also called ALERTORD. See also course of action; execution planning. (JP 5-0) all appropriate action — Action taken in self-defense that is reasonable in intensity, duration, and magnitude, based on all the facts known to the commander at the time. (JP 3-68) alliance — The relationship that results from a formal agreement between two or more nations for broad, long-term objectives that further the common interests of the members. See also coalition; multinational. (JP 3-0) JP 1-02 17 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 allocation —Distribution of limited forces and resources for employment among competing requirements. See also apportionment. (JP 5-0) allocation request — A message used to provide an estimate of the total air effort, to identify any excess and joint force general support aircraft sorties, and to identify unfilled air requirements. This message is used only for preplanned missions and is transmitted on a daily basis, normally 24 hours prior to the start of the next air tasking day. Also called ALLOREQ. (JP 3-30) allotment — The temporary change of assignment of tactical air forces between subordinate commands. The authority to allot is vested in the commander having combatant command (command authority). See also combatant command (command authority). allowable cabin load — The maximum payload that can be carried on an individual sortie. Also called ACL. (JP 3-17) all-source intelligence — 1. Intelligence products and/or organizations and activities that incorporate all sources of information, most frequently including human intelligence, imagery intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, signals intelligence, and open-source data in the production of finished intelligence. 2. In intelligence collection, a phrase that indicates that in the satisfaction of intelligence requirements, all collection, processing, exploitation, and reporting systems and resources are identified for possible use and those most capable are tasked. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) ambulance exchange point — A location where a patient is transferred from one ambulance to another en route to a medical treatment facility. This may be an established point in an ambulance shuttle or it may be designated independently. Also called AXP. See also medical treatment facility. (JP 4-02.2) American Forces Radio and Television Service — A worldwide radio and television broadcasting organization that provides United States military commanders overseas and at sea with sufficient electronic media resources to effectively communicate theater, local, Department of Defense, and Service-unique command information to their personnel and family members. Also called AFRTS. (JP 3-61) ammunition controlled supply rate — In Army usage, the amount of ammunition estimated to be available to sustain operations of a designated force for a specified time if expenditures are controlled at that rate. It is expressed in terms of rounds per weapon per day for ammunition items fired by weapons, and in terms of units of measure per organization per day for bulk allotment ammunition items. Tactical commanders use this rate to control expenditures of ammunition during tactical operations at planned intervals. It is issued through command channels at each level. It is determined based 18 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 on consideration of the required supply rates submitted by subordinate commanders and ammunition assets available. ammunition lot — A quantity of homogeneous ammunition, identified by a unique lot number, which is manufactured, assembled, or renovated by one producer under uniform conditions and which is expected to function in a uniform manner. (JP 3-04) ammunition supply point — See distribution point. amphibian — A small craft, propelled by propellers and wheels or by air cushions for the purpose of moving on both land and water. (JP 4-01.6) amphibious assault — The principal type of amphibious operation that involves establishing a force on a hostile or potentially hostile shore. See also assault; assault phase. (JP 3-02) amphibious assault ship (general purpose) — A naval ship designed to embark, deploy, and land elements of a landing force in an assault by helicopters, landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and by combinations of these methods. Also called LHA. (JP 3-04) amphibious assault ship (multipurpose) — A naval ship designed to embark, deploy, and land elements of a landing force in an assault by helicopters, landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and by combinations of these methods. Also called LHD. (JP 3-02) amphibious aviation assault ship — An amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter; general purpose amphibious assault ship; or general purpose amphibious assault ship (with internal dock). (JP 3-04) amphibious breaching — The conduct of a deliberate breaching operation specifically designed to overcome antilanding defenses in order to conduct an amphibious assault. (JP 3-02) amphibious bulk liquid transfer system — Hosereel system providing capability to deliver fuel and/or water from ship to shore. System includes 10,000 feet of 6" buoyant hose for fuel, and 10,000 ft of 4" buoyant hose for water. System are deployed on Maritime Pre-positioning Ships Squadrons, and are normally used in direct support of maritime pre-positioning force operations. Also called ABLTS. (JP 4-01.6) amphibious construction battalion — A permanently commissioned naval unit, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, designed to provide an administrative unit from which personnel and equipment are formed in tactical elements and made available to appropriate commanders to operate pontoon causeways, transfer barges, warping tugs, and assault bulk fuel systems, and to meet salvage requirements of the naval beach party. Also called PHIBCB. (JP 3-02) JP 1-02 19 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 amphibious defense zone — The area encompassing the amphibious objective area and the adjoining airspace required by accompanying naval forces for the purpose of air defense. Also called an ADZ. (JP 3-02) amphibious demonstration — A type of amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy by a show of force with the expectation of deluding the enemy into a course of action unfavorable to him. (JP 3-02) amphibious force — An amphibious task force and a landing force together with other forces that are trained, organized, and equipped for amphibious operations. Also called AF. See also amphibious operation; amphibious task force; landing force. (JP 3-02) amphibious lift — The total capacity of assault shipping utilized in an amphibious operation, expressed in terms of personnel, vehicles, and measurement or weight tons of supplies. (JP 3-02) amphibious objective area — A geographical area (delineated for command and control purposes in the initiating directive) within which is located the objective(s) to be secured by the amphibious force. This area must be of sufficient size to ensure accomplishment of the amphibious force’s mission and must provide sufficient area for conducting necessary sea, air, and land operations. Also called AOA. See also amphibious force; mission. (JP 3-02) amphibious operation — A military operation launched from the sea by an amphibious force, embarked in ships or craft with the primary purpose of introducing a landing force ashore to accomplish the assigned mission. See also amphibious force; landing force; mission; operation. (JP 3-02) amphibious planning — The process of planning for an amphibious operation, distinguished by the necessity for concurrent, parallel, and detailed planning by all participating forces. The planning pattern is cyclical in nature, composed of a series of analyses and judgments of operational situations, each stemming from those that have preceded. (JP 3-02) amphibious raid — A type of amphibious operation involving swift incursion into or temporary occupation of an objective followed by a planned withdrawal. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) amphibious shipping — Organic Navy ships specifically designed to transport, land, and support landing forces in amphibious assault operations and capable of being loaded or unloaded by naval personnel without external assistance in the amphibious objective area. (JP 3-02) amphibious squadron — A tactical and administrative organization composed of amphibious assault shipping to transport troops and their equipment for an amphibious assault operation. Also called PHIBRON. (JP 3-02) 20 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 amphibious task force — A Navy task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. The amphibious task force, together with the landing force and other forces, constitutes the amphibious force. Also called ATF. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation; landing force. (JP 3-02) amphibious tractor — See amphibious vehicle. amphibious transport dock — A ship designed to transport and land troops, equipment, and supplies by means of embarked landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and helicopters. Designated as LPD. (JP 3-02) amphibious transport group — A subdivision of an amphibious task force composed primarily of transport ships. The size of the transport group will depend upon the scope of the operation. Ships of the transport group will be combat-loaded to support the landing force scheme of maneuver ashore. A transport unit will usually be formed to embark troops and equipment to be landed over a designated beach or to embark all helicopter-borne troops and equipment. (JP 3-02) amphibious vehicle — A wheeled or tracked vehicle capable of operating on both land and water. See also landing craft. (JP 3-02) amphibious vehicle availability table — A tabulation of the type and number of amphibious vehicles available primarily for assault landings and for support of other elements of the operation. (JP 3-02) amphibious vehicle employment plan — A plan showing in tabular form the planned employment of amphibious vehicles in landing operations, including their employment after the initial movement to the beach. (JP 3-02) amphibious vehicle launching area — An area, in the vicinity of and to seaward of the line of departure, to which landing ships proceed and launch amphibious vehicles. (JP 3-02) amphibious withdrawal — A type of amphibious operation involving the extraction of forces by sea in ships or craft from a hostile or potentially hostile shore. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) analysis and production — In intelligence usage, the conversion of processed information into intelligence through the integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of all source data and the preparation of intelligence products in support of known or anticipated user requirements. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) anchorage — A specified location for anchoring or mooring a vessel in-stream or offshore. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 21 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 annotation — (*) A marking placed on imagery or drawings for explanatory purposes or to indicate items or areas of special importance. annual screening — One day of active duty for training required each year for Individual Ready Reserve members so the Services can keep current on each member’s physical condition, dependency status, military qualifications, civilian occupational skills, availability for service, and other information. annual training — The minimal period of training reserve members must perform each year to satisfy the training requirements associated with their Reserve Component assignment. Also called AT. antemortem data — Medical records, samples, and photographs taken prior to death. These include (but are not limited to) fingerprints, dental x-rays, body tissue samples, photographs of tattoos, or other identifying marks. These “pre-death” records would be compared against records completed after death to help establish a positive identification of human remains. See also mortuary affairs. (JP 4-06) antideficiency violations — The incurring of obligations or the making of expenditure (outlays) in violation of appropriation law as to purpose, time, and amounts as specified in the defense appropriation or appropriations of funds. (JP 1-06) antiradiation missile — (*) A missile which homes passively on a radiation source. Also called ARM. See also guided missile. antisubmarine warfare — (*) Operations conducted with the intention of denying the enemy the effective use of submarines. Also called ASW. antisubmarine warfare forces — Forces organized primarily for antisubmarine action. May be composed of surface ships, aircraft, submarines, or any combination of these, and their supporting systems. (JP 3-32) antiterrorism — Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and property to terrorist acts, to include rapid containment by local military and civilian forces. Also called AT. See also counterterrorism; terrorism. (JP 3-07.2) anti-vehicle land mine — A mine designed to immobilize or destroy a vehicle. Also called AVL. (JP 3-15) apogee — The point at which a missile trajectory or a satellite orbit is farthest from the center of the gravitational field of the controlling body or bodies. application — 1. The system or problem to which a computer is applied. Reference is often made to an application as being either of the computational type (arithmetic computations predominate) or of the data processing type (data handling operations predominate). 2. In the intelligence context, the direct extraction and tailoring of 22 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 information from an existing foundation of intelligence and near real time reporting. It is focused on and meets specific, narrow requirements, normally on demand. (JP 2-0) apportionment — In the general sense, distribution of forces and capabilities as the starting point for planning, etc. See also allocation. (JP 5-0) approach schedule — In amphibious operations, this schedule indicates, for each scheduled wave, the time of departure from the rendezvous area, from the line of departure, and from other control points and the time of arrival at the beach. (JP 3-02) approach time — The time at which an aircraft is expected to commence approach procedure. apron — A defined area on an airfield intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refueling, parking, or maintenance. JP 3-34) area air defense commander — Within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force, the commander will assign overall responsibility for air defense to a single commander. Normally, this will be the component commander with the preponderance of air defense capability and the command, control, and communications capability to plan and execute integrated air defense operations. Representation from the other components involved will be provided, as appropriate, to the area air defense commander’s headquarters. Also called AADC. (JP 3-52) area command — A command which is composed of those organized elements of one or more of the Armed Services, designated to operate in a specific geographical area, which are placed under a single commander. See also command. (JP 3-10) area damage control — Measures taken before, during, or after hostile action or natural or manmade disasters, to reduce the probability of damage and minimize its effects. Also called ADC. See also disaster control. (JP 3-10) area of influence — A geographical area wherein a commander is directly capable of influencing operations by maneuver or fire support systems normally under the commander’s command or control. (JP 3-0) area of interest — That area of concern to the commander, including the area of influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory. This area also includes areas occupied by enemy forces who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission. Also called AOI. See also area of influence. (JP 3-0) area of limitation — A defined area where specific limitations apply to the strength and fortifications of disputing or belligerent forces. Normally, upper limits are established for the number and type of formations, tanks, antiaircraft weapons, artillery, and other weapons systems in the area of limitation. Also called AOL. See also line of demarcation; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) JP 1-02 23 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 area of operations — An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and maritime forces that should be large enough to accomplish their missions and protect their forces. Also called AO. See also area of responsibility; joint operations area; joint special operations area. (JP 3-0) area of responsibility — The geographical area associated with a combatant command within which a geographic combatant commander has authority to plan and conduct operations. Also called AOR. See also combatant command. (JP 1) area of separation — See buffer zone. Also called AOS. See also peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) area operations — (*) In maritime usage, operations conducted in a geographical area and not related to the protection of a specific force. area search — Visual reconnaissance of limited or defined areas. area target — (*) A target consisting of an area rather than a single point. armament delivery recording — Motion picture, still photography, and video recordings showing the delivery and impact of ordnance. This differs from reconnaissance imagery in that it records the act of delivery and impact and normally is done by the weapon system delivering the ordnance. Armament delivery recording is used primarily for evaluating strike effectiveness and for combat crew training. It is also one of the principal sources of over-the-target documentation in force employments, and may be used for public affairs purposes. Also called ADR. Armed Forces of the United States — A term used to denote collectively all components of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard (when mobilized under Title 10, United States Code to augment the Navy). See also United States Armed Forces. (JP 1) arming — As applied to explosives, weapons, and ammunition, the changing from a safe condition to a state of readiness for initiation. (JP 3-15) armistice — In international law, a suspension or temporary cessation of hostilities by agreement between belligerent powers. (JP 3-07.3) armistice demarcation line — A geographically defined line from which disputing or belligerent forces disengage and withdraw to their respective sides following a truce or cease fire agreement. Also called cease fire line in some United Nations operations. Also called ADL. See also armistice; cease fire line; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) arm or de-arm — Applies to those procedures in the arming or de-arming section of the applicable aircraft loading manual or checklist that places the ordnance or explosive 24 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 device in a ready or safe condition i.e., rocket launchers, guided missiles, guns — internal and pods, paraflares — (external and SUU-44/25 dispenser). (NOTE: The removal or installation of pylon or bomb rack safety pins from a nonordnance-loaded station is considered a function requiring certification within the purview of this publication.) See also arming; de-arming; ordnance. (JP 3-04) arms control agreement — The written or unwritten embodiment of the acceptance of one or more arms control measures by two or more nations. Army air-ground system — The Army system which provides for interface between Army and tactical air support agencies of other Services in the planning, evaluating, processing, and coordinating of air support requirements and operations. It is composed of appropriate staff members, including G-2 air and G-3 air personnel, and necessary communication equipment. Also called AAGS. (JP 3-09) Army corps — An intermediate headquarters between divisions and the theater army. A corps may consist of two or more divisions together with supporting brigades. Corps headquarters are capable of serving as either a joint task force or joint force land component command headquarters. (JP 3-31) Army Service component command — Command responsible for recommendations to the joint force commander on the allocation and employment of Army forces within a combatant command. Also called ASCC. (JP 3-31) Army space support team — A team of space operations experts provided by the Commander, US Army Forces Strategic Command upon request of an Army component commander or a geographic combatant commander to assist the supported commander in integrating space power into the terrestrial operation or campaign. Also called ARSST. See also space; space power; space support. (JP 3-14) Army special operations component — The Army component of a joint force special operations component. Also called ARSOC. See also Air Force special operations component; Navy special operations component. (JP 3-05.1) Army special operations forces — Those Active and Reserve Component Army forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called ARSOF. (JP 3-05) Army support area — The specific support area for a theater Army that is outside of a division or corps’s operational area established primarily for the positioning, employment, and protection of theater support units; and where the majority of the sustaining operations occur. (JP 3-31) Army tactical data link 1 — See tactical digital information link. JP 1-02 25 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 arrival zone — In counterdrug operations, the area in or adjacent to the United States where smuggling concludes and domestic distribution begins (by air, an airstrip; by sea, an offload point on land, or transfer to small boats). See also transit zone. (JP 3-07.4) assault — 1. The climax of an attack, closing with the enemy in hand-to-hand fighting. 2. In an amphibious operation, the period of time between the arrival of the major assault forces of the amphibious task force in the objective area and the accomplishment of the amphibious task force mission. (JP 3-02) 3. To make a short, violent, but well-ordered attack against a local objective, such as a gun emplacement, a fort, or a machine gun nest. 4. A phase of an airborne operation beginning with delivery by air of the assault echelon of the force into the objective area and extending through attack of assault objectives and consolidation of the initial airhead. See also assault phase. (JP 3-18) assault breaching — A part of amphibious breaching in support of an amphibious assault involving a fire support mission using precision guided munitions to neutralize mines and obstacles in the surf zone and on the beach. (JP 3-02) assault craft — A landing craft or amphibious vehicle primarily employed for landing troops and equipment in the assault waves of an amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) assault craft unit — A permanently commissioned naval organization, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, that contains landing craft and crews necessary to provide lighterage required in an amphibious operation. Also called ACU. (JP 3-02) assault echelon — In amphibious operations, the element of a force comprised of tailored units and aircraft assigned to conduct the initial assault on the operational area. Also called AE. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) assault fire — 1. That fire delivered by attacking troops as they close with the enemy. 2. In artillery, extremely accurate, short-range destruction fire at point targets. assault follow-on echelon — In amphibious operations, that echelon of the assault troops, vehicles, aircraft, equipment, and supplies that, though not needed to initiate the assault, is required to support and sustain the assault. In order to accomplish its purpose, it is normally required in the objective area no later than five days after commencement of the assault landing. Also called AFOE. (JP 3-02) assault phase — In an airborne operation, a phase beginning with delivery by air of the assault echelon of the force into the objective area and extending through attack of assault objectives and consolidation of the initial airhead. See also assault. (JP 3-18) assault schedule — In amphibious operations, this schedule provides the formation, composition, and timing of waves landing over the beach. (JP 3-02) 26 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 assault shipping — Shipping assigned to the amphibious task force and utilized for transporting assault troops, vehicles, equipment, and supplies to the objective area. (JP 3-02) assault wave — See wave. assembly area — 1. An area in which a command is assembled preparatory to further action. 2. In a supply installation, the gross area used for collecting and combining components into complete units, kits, or assemblies. (JP 4-09) assessment — 1. A continuous process that measures the overall effectiveness of employing joint force capabilities during military operations. 2. Determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating a condition, or achieving an objective. 3. Analysis of the security, effectiveness, and potential of an existing or planned intelligence activity. 4. Judgment of the motives, qualifications, and characteristics of present or prospective employees or “agents.” (JP 3-0) assessment agent — The organization responsible for conducting an assessment of an approved joint publication. The assessment agent is assigned by the Director, J-7, Joint Staff; normally US Joint Forces Command. Also called AA. (CJCSI 5120.02) asset (intelligence) — Any resource — person, group, relationship, instrument, installation, or supply — at the disposition of an intelligence organization for use in an operational or support role. Often used with a qualifying term such as agent asset or propaganda asset. (JP 2-0) asset validation — In intelligence use, the process used to determine the asset authenticity, reliability, utility, suitability, and degree of control the case officer or others have. (JP 2-01.2) asset visibility — Provides users with information on the location, movement, status, and identity of units, personnel, equipment, and supplies. It facilitates the capability to act upon that information to improve overall performance of the Department of Defense’s logistics practices. Also called AV. (JP 3-35) assign — 1. To place units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively permanent, and/or where such organization controls and administers the units or personnel for the primary function, or greater portion of the functions, of the unit or personnel. 2. To detail individuals to specific duties or functions where such duties or functions are primary and/or relatively permanent. See also attach. (JP 3-0) assistance in kind — The provision of material and services for a logistic exchange of materials and services of equal value between the governments of eligible countries. Also called AIK. (JP 1-06) assumption — A supposition on the current situation or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, JP 1-02 27 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 necessary to enable the commander in the process of planning to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action. (JP 5-0) atmospheric environment — The envelope of air surrounding the Earth, including its interfaces and interactions with the Earth’s solid or liquid surface. (JP 3-59) atomic weapon — See nuclear weapon. at sea — Includes the following maritime areas: foreign internal waters, archipelagic waters, and territorial seas; foreign contiguous zones; foreign exclusive economic zones; the high seas; and US-exclusive economic zone, territorial sea, and internal waters. (JP 3-32) attach — 1. The placement of units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively temporary. 2. The detailing of individuals to specific functions where such functions are secondary or relatively temporary. See also assign. (JP 3-0) attack assessment — An evaluation of information to determine the potential or actual nature and objectives of an attack for the purpose of providing information for timely decisions. See also damage estimation. (JP 3-14) attack group — A subordinate task organization of the Navy forces of an amphibious task force. It is composed of assault shipping and supporting naval units designated to transport, protect, land, and initially support a landing group. (JP 3-02) attack heading — 1. The interceptor heading during the attack phase that will achieve the desired track-crossing angle. 2. The assigned magnetic compass heading to be flown by aircraft during the delivery phase of an air strike. (JP 3-09.3) attack pattern — The type and distribution of targets under attack. See also attack assessment. attack position — The last position occupied by the assault echelon before crossing the line of departure. attack timing — The predicted or actual time of bursts, impacts, or arrival of weapons at their intended targets. augmentation forces — Forces to be transferred from a supporting combatant commander to the combatant command (command authority) or operational control of a supported combatant commander during the execution of an operation order approved by the President and Secretary of Defense. (JP 5-0) authenticate — A challenge given by voice or electrical means to attest to the authenticity of a message or transmission. 28 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 authentication — 1. A security measure designed to protect a communications system against acceptance of a fraudulent transmission or simulation by establishing the validity of a transmission, message, or originator. 2. A means of identifying individuals and verifying their eligibility to receive specific categories of information. 3. Evidence by proper signature or seal that a document is genuine and official. 4. In personnel recovery missions, the process whereby the identity of an isolated person is confirmed. See also evader; evasion; recovery operations; security. (JP 3-50) authenticator — A symbol or group of symbols, or a series of bits, selected or derived in a prearranged manner and usually inserted at a predetermined point within a message or transmission for the purpose of attesting to the validity of the message or transmission. authorized departure — A procedure, short of ordered departure, by which mission employees or dependents or both, are permitted to leave post in advance of normal rotation when the national interests or imminent threat to life require it. (JP 3-68) automated identification technology — A suite of tools for facilitating total asset visibility source data capture and transfer. Automated identification technology includes a variety of devices, such as bar codes, magnetic strips, optical memory cards, and radio frequency tags for marking or “tagging” individual items, multi-packs, equipment, air pallets, or containers, along with the hardware and software required to create the devices, read the information on them, and integrate that information with other logistic information. Also called AIT. (JP 3-35) Automated Repatriation Reporting System — The Defense Manpower Data Center uses this system to track the status of noncombatant evacuees after they have arrived in an initial safe haven in the United States. (JP 3-68) automatic approach and landing — A control mode in which the aircraft’s speed and flight path are automatically controlled for approach, flare-out, and landing. (JP 3-52) automatic resupply — A resupply mission fully planned before insertion of a special operations team into the operations area that occurs at a prearranged time and location, unless changed by the operating team after insertion. See also emergency resupply; on-call resupply. (JP 3-50) automation network — The automation network combines all of the information collection devices, automatic identification technologies, and the automated information systems that either support or facilitate the joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration process. See also automated identification technology; joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration. (JP 3-35) autonomous operation — In air defense, the mode of operation assumed by a unit after it has lost all communications with higher echelons. The unit commander assumes full responsibility for control of weapons and engagement of hostile targets. JP 1-02 29 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 available-to-load date — A date specified for each unit in a time-phased force and deployment data indicating when that unit will be ready to load at the point of embarkation. Also called ALD. (JP 5-0) avenue of approach — An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path. Also called AA. (JP 2-01.3) aviation medicine — (*) The special field of medicine which is related to the biological and psychological problems of flight. aviation ship — An aircraft carrier. See also air-capable ship; amphibious aviation assault ship. (JP 3-04) axis of advance — A line of advance assigned for purposes of control; often a road or a group of roads, or a designated series of locations, extending in the direction of the enemy. (JP 3-03) azimuth — Quantities may be expressed in positive quantities increasing in a clockwise direction, or in X, Y coordinates where south and west are negative. They may be referenced to true north or magnetic north depending on the particular weapon system used. 30 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 B backfill — Reserve Component units and individuals recalled to replace deploying active units and/or individuals in the continental United States and outside the continental United States. See also Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) background count — The evidence or effect on a detector of radiation caused by background radiation. In connection with health protection, the background count includes but is not limited to radiations produced by naturally occurring radioactivity and cosmic rays. backshore — The area of a beach extending from the limit of high water foam lines to dunes or extreme inland limit of the beach. (JP 4-01.6) backwash — An even layer of water that moves along the sea floor from the beach through the surf zone and caused by the pile-up of water on the beach from incoming breakers. (JP 4-01.6) bale cubic capacity — (*) The space available for cargo measured in cubic feet to the inside of the cargo battens, on the frames, and to the underside of the beams. In a general cargo of mixed commodities, the bale cubic applies. The stowage of the mixed cargo comes in contact with the cargo battens and as a general rule does not extend to the skin of the ship. ballistic missile — Any missile which does not rely upon aerodynamic surfaces to produce lift and consequently follows a ballistic trajectory when thrust is terminated. See also guided missile. (JP 3-01) ballistic missile early warning system — An electronic system for providing detection and early warning of attack by enemy intercontinental ballistic missiles. Also called BMEWS. (JP 3-14) ballistic wind — That constant wind that would have the same effect upon the trajectory of a bomb or projectile as the wind encountered in flight. bandwidth — The difference between the limiting frequencies of a continuous frequency band expressed in hertz (cycles per second). The term bandwidth is also loosely used to refer to the rate at which data can be transmitted over a given communications circuit. In the latter usage, bandwidth is usually expressed in either kilobits per second or megabits per second. bar — A submerged or emerged embankment of sand, gravel, or mud created on the sea floor in shallow water by waves and currents. A bar may be composed of mollusk shells. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 31 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 bare base — A base having minimum essential facilities to house, sustain, and support operations to include, if required, a stabilized runway, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas. A bare base must have a source of water that can be made potable. Other requirements to operate under bare base conditions form a necessary part of the force package deployed to the bare base. See also base. (JP 3-05.1) barge — A flat-bed, shallow-draft vessel with no superstructure that is used for the transport of cargo and ships’ stores or for general utility purposes. See also watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) barrage — 1. A prearranged barrier of fires, except that delivered by small arms, designed to protect friendly troops and installations by impeding enemy movements across defensive lines or areas. 2. A type of electronic attack intended for simultaneous jamming over a wide area of frequency spectrum. See also barrage jamming; electronic warfare; fires. barrage jamming — Simultaneous electromagnetic jamming over a broad band of frequencies. See also jamming. barrier — A coordinated series of natural or man-made obstacles designed or employed to channel, direct, restrict, delay, or stop the movement of an opposing force and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and equipment on the opposing force. (JP 3-15) barrier combat air patrol — One or more divisions or elements of fighter aircraft employed between a force and an objective area as a barrier across the probable direction of enemy attack. It is used as far from the force as control conditions permit, giving added protection against raids that use the most direct routes of approach. See also combat air patrol. barrier, obstacle, and mine warfare plan — A comprehensive, coordinated plan that includes responsibilities; general location of unspecified and specific barriers, obstacles, and minefields; special instructions; limitations; coordination; and completion times; and may designate locations of obstacle zones or belts. (JP 3-15) base — 1. A locality from which operations are projected or supported. 2. An area or locality containing installations which provide logistic or other support. 3. Home airfield or home carrier. See also facility. (JP 4-0) base boundary — A line that delineates the surface area of a base for the purpose of facilitating coordination and deconfliction of operations between adjacent units, formations, or areas. (JP 3-10) base cluster — In base defense operations, a collection of bases, geographically grouped for mutual protection and ease of command and control. (JP 3-10) 32 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 base cluster commander — In base defense operations, a senior base commander designated by the joint force commander responsible for coordinating the defense of bases within the base cluster and for integrating defense plans of bases into a base cluster defense plan. (JP 3-10) base cluster operations center — A command and control facility that serves as the base cluster commander’s focal point for defense and security of the base cluster. Also called BCOC. (JP 3-10) base commander — In base defense operations, the officer assigned to command a base. (JP 3-10) base defense — The local military measures, both normal and emergency, required to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of enemy attacks on, or sabotage of, a base, to ensure that the maximum capacity of its facilities is available to US forces. (JP 3-10) base defense forces — Troops assigned or attached to a base for the primary purpose of base defense and security as well as augmentees and selectively armed personnel available to the base commander for base defense from units performing primary missions other than base defense. (JP 3-10) base defense operations center — A command and control facility, with responsibilities similar to a base cluster operations center, established by the base commander to serve as the focal point for base security and defense. It plans, directs, integrates, coordinates, and controls all base defense efforts. Also called BDOC. (JP 3-10) base defense zone — An air defense zone established around an air base and limited to the engagement envelope of short-range air defense weapons systems defending that base. Base defense zones have specific entry, exit, and identification, friend or foe procedures established. Also called BDZ. (JP 3-52) base development (less force beddown) — The acquisition, development, expansion, improvement, construction and/or replacement of the facilities and resources of a location to support forces. (JP 3-34) base line — 1. (surveying) A surveyed line established with more than usual care, to which surveys are referred for coordination and correlation. 2. (photogrammetry) The line between the principal points of two consecutive vertical air photographs. It is usually measured on one photograph after the principal point of the other has been transferred. 3. (radio navigation systems) The shorter arc of the great circle joining two radio transmitting stations of a navigation system. 4. (triangulation) The side of one of a series of coordinated triangles the length of which is measured with prescribed accuracy and precision and from which lengths of the other triangle sides are obtained by computation. JP 1-02 33 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 baseline costs — The continuing annual costs of military operations funded by the operations and maintenance and military personnel appropriations. (JP 1-06) base plan — A type of operation plan that describes the concept of operations, major forces, sustainment concept, and anticipated timelines for completing the mission without annexes or time-phased force and deployment data. Also called BPLAN. (JP 5-0) base support installation — A Department of Defense Service or agency installation within the United States and its possessions and territories tasked to serve as a base for military forces engaged in either homeland defense or civil support operations. Also called BSI. (JP 3-28) base surge — (*) A cloud which rolls out from the bottom of the column produced by a subsurface burst of a nuclear weapon. For underwater bursts the surge is, in effect, a cloud of liquid droplets which has the property of flowing almost as if it were a homogeneous fluid. For subsurface land bursts the surge is made up of small solid particles but still behaves like a fluid. basic encyclopedia — A compilation of identified installations and physical areas of potential significance as objectives for attack. Also called BE. basic intelligence — Fundamental intelligence concerning the general situation, resources, capabilities, and vulnerabilities of foreign countries or areas which may be used as reference material in the planning of operations at any level and in evaluating subsequent information relating to the same subject. basic load — The quantity of supplies required to be on hand within, and which can be moved by, a unit or formation. It is expressed according to the wartime organization of the unit or formation and maintained at the prescribed levels. (JP 4-09) basic tactical organization — The conventional organization of landing force units for combat, involving combinations of infantry, supporting ground arms, and aviation for accomplishment of missions ashore. This organizational form is employed as soon as possible following the landing of the various assault components of the landing force. battalion landing team — In an amphibious operation, an infantry battalion normally reinforced by necessary combat and service elements; the basic unit for planning an assault landing. Also called BLT. (JP 3-02) battle damage assessment — The estimate of damage composed of physical and functional damage assessment, as well as target system assessment, resulting from the application of lethal or nonlethal military force. Also called BDA. See also combat assessment. (JP 3-0) 34 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 battle damage repair — Essential repair, which may be improvised, carried out rapidly in a battle environment in order to return damaged or disabled equipment to temporary service. Also called BDR. (JP 4-09) battlefield coordination detachment — An Army liaison located in the air operations center that provides selected operational functions between the Army forces and the air component commander. Also called BCD. See also air and space operations center; liaison. (JP 3-03) battle force — A standing operational naval task force organization of carriers, surface combatants, and submarines assigned to numbered fleets. A battle force is subdivided into battle groups. battle injury — Damage or harm sustained by personnel during or as a result of battle conditions. Also called BI. (JP 4-02) battle management — The management of activities within the operational environment based on the commands, direction, and guidance given by appropriate authority. Also called BM. (JP 3-01) battle rhythm — A deliberate daily cycle of command, staff, and unit activities intended to synchronize current and future operations. (JP 3-33) battlespace awareness — Knowledge and understanding of the operational area’s environment, factors, and conditions, to include the status of friendly and adversary forces, neutrals and noncombatants, weather and terrain, that enables timely, relevant, comprehensive, and accurate assessments, in order to successfully apply combat power, protect the force, and/or complete the mission. (JP 2-01) beach — 1. The area extending from the shoreline inland to a marked change in physiographic form or material, or to the line of permanent vegetation (coastline). 2. In amphibious operations, that portion of the shoreline designated for landing of a tactical organization. (JP 3-02) beach group — See naval beach group; shore party. beachhead — A designated area on a hostile or potentially hostile shore that, when seized and held, ensures the continuous landing of troops and materiel, and provides maneuver space requisite for subsequent projected operations ashore. (JP 3-02) beach marker — A sign or device used to identify a beach or certain activities thereon for incoming waterborne traffic. Markers may be panels, lights, buoys, or electronic devices. beachmaster — The naval officer in command of the beachmaster unit of the naval beach group. Also called BM. JP 1-02 35 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 beachmaster unit — A commissioned naval unit of the naval beach group designed to provide to the shore party a Navy component known as a beach party, which is capable of supporting the amphibious landing of one division (reinforced). Also called BMU. See also beach party; naval beach group; shore party. (JP 4-01.6) beach party — The Navy component of the landing force support party under the tactical control of the landing force support party commander. See also beachmaster unit; shore party. (JP 3-02) beach party commander — The naval officer in command of the naval component of the shore party. beach photography — Vertical, oblique, ground, and periscope coverage at varying scales to provide information of offshore, shore, and inland areas. It covers terrain that provides observation of the beaches and is primarily concerned with the geological and tactical aspects of the beach. beach support area — In amphibious operations, the area to the rear of a landing force or elements thereof, established and operated by shore party units, which contains the facilities for the unloading of troops and materiel and the support of the forces ashore; it includes facilities for the evacuation of wounded, enemy prisoners of war, and captured materiel. Also called BSA. (JP 3-02) beach survey — The collection of data describing the physical characteristics of a beach; that is, an area whose boundaries are a shoreline, a coastline, and two natural or arbitrary assigned flanks. beach width — The horizontal dimensions of the beach measured at right angles to the shoreline from the line of extreme low water inland to the landward limit of the beach (the coastline). bearing — The horizontal angle at a given point measured clockwise from a specific datum point to a second point. See also grid bearing. begin morning civil twilight — The period of time at which the sun is halfway between beginning morning and nautical twilight and sunrise, when there is enough light to see objects clearly with the unaided eye. At this time, light intensification devices are no longer effective, and the sun is six degrees below the eastern horizon. Also called BMCT. begin morning nautical twilight — The start of that period where, in good conditions and in the absence of other illumination, enough light is available to identify the general outlines of ground objects and conduct limited military operations. Light intensification devices are still effective and may have enhanced capabilities. At this time, the sun is 12 degrees below the eastern horizon. Also called BMNT. 36 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 believed-to-be — In mortuary affairs, the status of any human remains until a positive identification has been determined. Used interchangeably with tentative identification. Also called BTB. (JP 4-06) berm, natural — The nearly horizontal portion of a beach or backshore having an abrupt fall and formed by deposition of material by wave action. A berm marks the limit of ordinary high tide. For air cushion vehicles, berms (constructed) are required to protect materials handling equipment operations. See also backshore. (JP 4-01.6) bight — A bend in a coast forming an open bay or an open bay formed by such a bend. (JP 4-01.6) bill — A ship’s publication listing operational or administrative procedures. (JP 3-04) biographical intelligence — That component of intelligence that deals with individual foreign personalities of actual or potential importance. biological agent — A microorganism that causes disease in personnel, plants, or animals or causes the deterioration of materiel. See also biological weapon; chemical agent. (JP 3-11) biological half-time — See half-life. biological hazard — An organism, or substance derived from an organism, that poses a threat to human or animal health. This can include medical waste, samples of a microorganism, virus, or toxin (from a biological source) that can impact human health. (JP 3-11) biological warfare — Employment of biological agents to produce casualties in personnel or animals, or damage to plants or materiel; or defense against such employment. (JP 3-11) biological weapon — An item of materiel which projects, disperses, or disseminates a biological agent including arthropod vectors. (JP 3-11) biometric — Measurable physical characteristic or personal behavior trait used to recognize the identity or verify the claimed identity of an individual. (JP 2-0) biometrics — The process of recognizing an individual based on measurable anatomical, physiological, and behavioral characteristics. (JP 2-0) blast effect — Destruction of or damage to structures and personnel by the force of an explosion on or above the surface of the ground. Blast effect may be contrasted with the cratering and ground-shock effects of a projectile or charge that goes off beneath the surface. blast wave — A sharply defined wave of increased pressure rapidly propagated through a surrounding medium from a center of detonation or similar disturbance. JP 1-02 37 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 blister agent — A chemical agent which injures the eyes and lungs, and burns or blisters the skin. Also called vesicant agent. (JP 3-11) blood agent — A chemical compound, including the cyanide group, that affects bodily functions by preventing the normal utilization of oxygen by body tissues. (JP 3-11) blood chit — A small sheet of material depicting an American flag and a statement in several languages to the effect that anyone assisting the bearer to safety will be rewarded. See also evasion aid. (JP 3-50) Blue Bark — US military personnel, US citizen civilian employees of the Department of Defense, and the dependents of both categories who travel in connection with the death of an immediate family member. It also applies to designated escorts for dependents of deceased military members. Furthermore, the term is used to designate the personal property shipment of a deceased member. (JP 4-06) blue force tracking — Employment of techniques to actively or passively identify or track US, allied, or coalition forces for the purpose of providing the combatant commander enhanced situational awareness and reducing fratricide. Also called BFT. (JP 3-14) board — An organized group of individuals within a joint force commander’s headquarters, appointed by the commander (or other authority) that meets with the purpose of gaining guidance or decision. Its responsibilities and authority are governed by the authority which established the board. (JP 3-33) boat group — The basic organization of landing craft. One boat group is organized for each battalion landing team (or equivalent) to be landed in the first trip of landing craft or amphibious vehicles. (JP 3-02) boat lane — A lane for amphibious assault landing craft, which extends from the line of departure to the beach. (JP 3-02) boat space — The space and weight factor used to determine the capacity of boats, landing craft, and amphibious vehicles. With respect to landing craft and amphibious vehicles, it is based on the requirements of one person with individual equipment. The person is assumed to weigh 224 pounds and to occupy 13.5 cubic feet of space. (JP 3-02) boat wave — See wave. bomb impact plot — A graphic representation of the target area, usually a pre-strike air photograph, on which prominent dots are plotted to mark the impact or detonation points of bombs dropped on a specific bombing attack. bona fides — 1. Good faith. In personnel recovery, the use of verbal or visual communication by individuals who are unknown to one another, to establish their authenticity, sincerity, honesty, and truthfulness. See also evasion; recovery; 38 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 recovery operations. (JP 3-50) 2. The lack of fraud or deceit: a determination that a person is who he/she says he/she is. (JP 2-01.2) boost phase — That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile or space vehicle during which the booster and sustainer engines operate. See also midcourse phase; terminal phase. (JP 3-01) bottom mine — A mine with negative buoyancy which remains on the seabed. See also mine. (JP 3-15) boundary — A line that delineates surface areas for the purpose of facilitating coordination and deconfliction of operations between adjacent units, formations, or areas. (JP 3-0) branch — 1. A subdivision of any organization. 2. A geographically separate unit of an activity, which performs all or part of the primary functions of the parent activity on a smaller scale. 3. An arm or service of the Army. 4. The contingency options built into the base plan used for changing the mission, orientation, or direction of movement of a force to aid success of the operation based on anticipated events, opportunities, or disruptions caused by enemy actions and reactions. See also sequel. (JP 5-0) breakbulk cargo — Any commodity that, because of its weight, dimensions, or incompatibility with other cargo, must be shipped by mode other than military van or military container moved via the sea. See also breakbulk ship. (JP 4-09) breakbulk ship — A ship with conventional holds for stowage of breakbulk cargo, below or above deck, and equipped with cargo-handling gear. Ships also may be capable of carrying a limited number of containers, above or below deck. See also breakbulk cargo. (JP 4-09) breaker — A wave in the process of losing energy where offshore energy loss is caused by wind action and nearshore energy loss is caused by the impact of the sea floor as the wave enters shallow (shoaling) water. Breakers either plunge, spill, or surge. See also breaker angle. (JP 4-01.6) breaker angle — The angle a breaker makes with the beach. See also breaker. (JP 4-01.6) brevity code — A code which provides no security but which has as its sole purpose the shortening of messages rather than the concealment of their content. (JP 3-04) brigade combat team — As combined arms teams, brigade combat teams form the basic building block of the Army’s tactical formations. They are the principal means of executing engagements. Three standardized brigade combat teams designs exist; heavy, infantry, and Stryker. Battalion-sized maneuver, fires, reconnaissance, and sustainment units are organic to a brigade combat team. Also called BCT. (JP 3-31) JP 1-02 39 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 broach — When a water craft is thrown broadside to the wind and waves, against a bar, or against the shoreline. (JP 4-01.6) broken stowage — The space lost in the holds of a vessel because of the contour of the ship and the shape of the cargo. Dunnage, ladders, and stanchions are included in broken stowage. (JP 3-02.1) broken stowage factor — A factor applied to the available space for embarkation due to the loss between boxes, between vehicles, around stanchions, and over cargo. The factor will vary, depending on the type and size of vehicles, type and size of general cargo, training and experience of loading personnel, type of loading, method of stowage, and configuration of compartments. (JP 3-02.1) buddy-aid — Acute medical care (first aid) provided by a non-medical Service member to another person. (JP 4-02) buffer zone — 1. A defined area controlled by a peace operations force from which disputing or belligerent forces have been excluded. A buffer zone is formed to create an area of separation between disputing or belligerent forces and reduce the risk of renewed conflict. Also called area of separation in some United Nations operations. Also called BZ. See also area of separation; line of demarcation; peace operations. 2. A conical volume centered on the laser’s line of sight with its apex at the aperture of the laser, within which the beam will be contained with a high degree of certainty. It is determined by the buffer angle. (JP 3-07.3) building systems — Structures assembled from manufactured components designed to provide specific building configurations. (JP 3-34) bulk cargo — That which is generally shipped in volume where the transportation conveyance is the only external container; such as liquids, ore, or grain. bulk petroleum product — A liquid petroleum product transported by various means and stored in tanks or containers having an individual fill capacity greater than 250 liters. (JP 4-03) bulk storage — 1. Storage in a warehouse of supplies and equipment in large quantities, usually in original containers, as distinguished from bin storage. 2. Storage of liquids, such as petroleum products in tanks, as distinguished from drum or packaged storage. (JP 4-03) bullseye — An established reference point from which the position of an object can be referenced. (JP 3-60) bureau — A long-standing functional organization, with a supporting staff designed to perform a specific function or activity within a joint force commander’s headquarters. (JP 3-33) 40 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 burn notice — An official statement by one intelligence agency to other agencies, domestic or foreign, that an individual or group is unreliable for any of a variety of reasons. burn-through range — The distance at which a specific radar can discern targets through the external interference being received. JP 1-02 41 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 42 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 C cache — A source of subsistence and supplies, typically containing items such as food, water, medical items, and/or communications equipment, packaged to prevent damage from exposure and hidden in isolated locations by such methods as burial, concealment, and/or submersion, to support isolated personnel. See also evader; evasion; recovery; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) call sign — (*) Any combination of characters or pronounceable words, which identifies a communication facility, a command, an authority, an activity, or a unit; used primarily for establishing and maintaining communications. Also called CS. See also tactical call sign. campaign — A series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic and operational objectives within a given time and space. See also campaign plan. (JP 5-0) campaign plan — A joint operation plan for a series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic or operational objectives within a given time and space. See also campaign; campaign planning. (JP 5-0) campaign planning — The process whereby combatant commanders and subordinate joint force commanders translate national or theater strategy into operational concepts through the development of an operation plan for a campaign. See also campaign; campaign plan. (JP 5-0) canalize — To restrict operations to a narrow zone by use of existing or reinforcing obstacles or by fire or bombing. (JP 3-15) candidate target list — A list of objects or entities submitted by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for further development and inclusion on the joint target list and/or restricted target list, or moved to the no-strike list. Also called CTL. See also joint integrated prioritized target list; target, target nomination list. (JP 3-60) cantilever lifting frame — Used to move Navy lighterage causeway systems on to and off of lighter aboard ship (LASH) vessels. This device is suspended from the Morgan LASH barge crane and can lift one causeway section at a time. It is designed to allow the long sections to clear the rear of the ship as they are lowered into the water. Also called CLF. See also causeway; lighterage. (JP 4-01.6) capacity load (Navy) — The maximum quantity of all supplies (ammunition; petroleum, oils, and lubricants; rations; general stores; maintenance stores; etc.) which each vessel can carry in proportions prescribed by proper authority. See also wartime load. capstone publication — The top joint doctrine publication in the hierarchy of joint publications. The capstone publication links joint doctrine to national strategy and the JP 1-02 43 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 contributions of other government agencies, alliances, and coalitions, and reinforces policy for command and control. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff signs this publication, and it is intended to be used by combatant commanders, subunified commanders, joint task force commanders, Service Chiefs, and Joint Staff directors. See also joint publication; keystone publications. (CJCSI 5120.02) capstone requirements document — A document that contains performance-based requirements to facilitate development of individual operational requirements documents by providing a common framework and operational concept to guide their development. Also called CRD. cargo increment number — A seven-character alphanumeric field that uniquely describes a non-unit-cargo entry (line) in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data. carrier air wing — Two or more aircraft squadrons formed under one commander for administrative and tactical control of operations from a carrier. carrier control zone — The airspace within a circular limit defined by 5 miles horizontal radius from the carrier, extending upward from the surface to and including 2,500 feet unless otherwise designated for special operations, and is under the cognizance of the air officer during visual meteorological conditions. (JP 3-52) carrier strike group — A standing naval task group consisting of a carrier, embarked airwing, surface combatants, and submarines as assigned in direct support, operating in mutual support with the task of destroying hostile submarine, surface, and air forces within the group’s assigned operational area and striking at targets along hostile shore lines or projecting power inland. Also called CSG. (JP 3-02) cartridge actuated device — Small explosive devices used to eject stores from launched devices, actuate other explosive systems, or provide initiation for aircrew escape devices. Also called CAD. (JP 3-04) CARVER — A special operations forces acronym used throughout the targeting and mission planning cycle to assess mission validity and requirements. The acronym stands for criticality, accessibility, recuperability, vulnerability, effect, and recognizability. (JP 3-05.1) case — 1. An intelligence operation in its entirety. 2. Record of the development of an intelligence operation, including personnel, modus operandi, and objectives. case officer — A professional employee of an intelligence or counterintelligence organization, who is responsible for providing directions for an agent operation and/or handling intelligence assets. (JP 2-01.2) casual — See transient. 44 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 casualty — Any person who is lost to the organization by having been declared dead, duty status – whereabouts unknown, missing, ill, or injured. See also casualty category; casualty status; casualty type; duty status – whereabouts unknown; hostile casualty; nonhostile casualty. (JP 4-02) casualty category — A term used to specifically classify a casualty for reporting purposes based upon the casualty type and the casualty status. Casualty categories include killed in action, died of wounds received in action, and wounded in action. See also casualty; casualty status; casualty type; duty status - whereabouts unknown. (JP 4-02) casualty evacuation — The unregulated movement of casualties that can include movement both to and between medical treatment facilities. Also called CASEVAC. See also casualty; evacuation; medical treatment facility. (JP 4-02) casualty receiving and treatment ship — In amphibious operations, a ship designated to receive, provide treatment for, and transfer casualties. (JP 3-02) casualty status — A term used to classify a casualty for reporting purposes. There are seven casualty statuses: (1) deceased; (2) duty status - whereabouts unknown; (3) missing; (4) very seriously ill or injured; (5) seriously ill or injured; (6) incapacitating illness or injury; and (7) not seriously injured. See also casualty; casualty category; casualty type; deceased; duty status - whereabouts unknown; not seriously injured; seriously ill or injured; very seriously ill or injured. (JP 4-02) casualty type — A term used to identify a casualty for reporting purposes as either a hostile casualty or a nonhostile casualty. See also casualty; casualty category; casualty status; hostile casualty; nonhostile casualty. (JP 4-02) catastrophic event — Any natural or man-made incident, including terrorism, which results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or disruption severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale, and/or government functions. (JP 3-28) causeway — A craft similar in design to a barge, but longer and narrower, designed to assist in the discharge and transport of cargo from vessels. See also barge; watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) causeway launching area — An area located near the line of departure but clear of the approach lanes to an area located in the inner transport area. (JP 3-02) caveat — A designator used with a classification to further limit the dissemination of restricted information. (JP 3-07.4) C-day — The unnamed day on which a deployment operation commences or is to commence. (JP 5-0) JP 1-02 45 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 cease fire line — See armistice demarcation line. See also armistice. (JP 3-07.3) cell — A subordinate organization formed around a specific process, capability, or activity within a designated larger organization of a joint force commander’s headquarters. A cell usually is part of both a functional and traditional staff structures. (JP 3-33) center — An enduring functional organization, with a supporting staff, designed to perform a joint function within a joint force commander’s headquarters. (JP 3-33) center of burst — See mean point of impact. center of gravity — The source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act. Also called COG. See also decisive point. (JP 5-0) centigray — A unit of absorbed dose of radiation (one centigray equals one rad). (JP 3-11) central control officer — The officer designated by the amphibious task force commander for the overall coordination of the waterborne ship-to-shore movement. The central control officer is embarked in the central control ship. Also called CCO. (JP 3-02) centralized control — 1. In air defense, the control mode whereby a higher echelon makes direct target assignments to fire units. 2. In joint air operations, placing within one commander the responsibility and authority for planning, directing, and coordinating a military operation or group/category of operations. See also decentralized control. (JP 3-30) chaff — Radar confusion reflectors, consisting of thin, narrow metallic strips of various lengths and frequency responses, which are used to reflect echoes for confusion purposes. Causes enemy radar guided missiles to lock on to it instead of the real aircraft, ship, or other platform. See also deception. chain of command — The succession of commanding officers from a superior to a subordinate through which command is exercised. (JP 3-0) Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction — A replacement document for all types of correspondence containing Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff policy and guidance that does not involve the employment of forces. An instruction is of indefinite duration and is applicable to external agencies, or both the Joint Staff and external agencies. It remains in effect until superseded, rescinded, or otherwise canceled. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instructions, unlike joint publications, will not contain joint doctrine. Terminology used in these publications will be consistent with JP 1-02. Also called CJCSI. See also Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual. (CJCSI 5120.02) 46 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual — A document containing detailed procedures for performing specific tasks that do not involve the employment of forces. A manual is of indefinite duration and is applicable to external agencies or both the Joint Staff and external agencies. It may supplement a Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction or stand alone and remains in effect until superseded, rescinded, or otherwise canceled. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manuals, unlike joint publications, will not contain joint doctrine. Terminology used in these publications will be consistent with JP 1-02. Also called CJCSM. See also Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction. (CJCSI 5120.02) chalk number — The number given to a complete load and to the transporting carrier. (JP 3-17) change detection — An image enhancement technique that compares two images of the same area from different time periods. Identical picture elements are eliminated, leaving signatures that have undergone change. (JP 2-03) channel airlift — Provides regularly scheduled airlift for movement of sustainment cargo, depending upon volume of workload, between designated aerial ports of embarkation and seaports of debarkation over validated contingency or distribution channel routes. (JP 3-17) chart sheet — See map sheet. chemical agent — A chemical substance which is intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate mainly through its physiological effects. The term excludes riot control agents when used for law enforcement purposes, herbicides, smoke, and flames. See also chemical dose; chemical warfare; riot control agent. (JP 3-11) chemical agent cumulative action — The building up, within the human body, of small ineffective doses of certain chemical agents to a point where eventual effect is similar to one large dose. chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense — Measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerabilities and/or effects of a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident. Also called CBRN defense. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environment — Conditions found in an area resulting from immediate or persisting effects of chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attacks or unintentional releases. Also called CBRN environment. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazard — Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear elements that could cause an adverse affect through their accidental or deliberate release, dissemination, or impacts. Also called CBRN hazard. (JP 3-11) JP 1-02 47 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear passive defense — Passive measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerability to, and effects of, chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attacks. This mission area focuses on maintaining the joint force’s ability to continue military operations in a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear environment. Also called CBRN passive defense. (JP 3-40) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection — Measures that are taken to keep chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats and hazards from having an adverse effect on personnel, equipment, or critical assets and facilities. Also called CBRN protection. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sense — Activities that continually provide chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threat and hazard information and intelligence in a timely manner to support the common operational picture. Also called CBRN sense. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shape — The command and control activity that integrates the sense, shield, and sustain operational elements to characterize chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards and threats and employ necessary capabilities to counter their effects. Also called CBRN shape. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shield — Individual and collective protection measures essential to mitigating the effects of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards. Also called CBRN shield. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sustain — The decontamination and medical activities to restore combat power and continue operations. Also called CBRN sustain. (JP 3-11) chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives consequence management — The consequence management activities for all deliberate and inadvertent releases of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives that are undertaken when directed or authorized by the President. Also called CBRNE CM. (JP 3-41) chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives incident — An emergency resulting from the deliberate or unintentional release of nuclear, biological, radiological, or toxic or poisonous chemical materials, or the detonation of a high-yield explosive. Also called CBRNE incident. (JP 3-28) chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident — Any occurrence, resulting from the use of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons and devices; the emergence of secondary hazards arising from counterforce targeting; or the release of toxic industrial materials into the environment, involving the emergence of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear hazards. (JP 3-11) 48 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapon — A fully engineered assembly designed for employment to cause the release of a chemical or biological agent or radiological material onto a chosen target or to generate a nuclear detonation. Also called CBRN weapon. (JP 3-11) chemical dose — (*) The amount of chemical agent, expressed in milligrams, that is taken or absorbed by the body. chemical hazard — Any chemical manufactured, used, transported, or stored which can cause death or other harm through toxic properties of those materials. This includes chemical agents and chemical weapons (prohibited under the Chemical Weapons Convention), as well as toxic industrial chemicals and toxic industrial materials. (JP 3-11) chemical monitoring — (*) The continued or periodic process of determining whether or not a chemical agent is present. See also chemical survey. chemical survey — (*) The directed effort to determine the nature and degree of chemical hazard in an area and to delineate the perimeter of the hazard area. chemical warfare — All aspects of military operations involving the employment of lethal and incapacitating munitions/agents and the warning and protective measures associated with such offensive operations. Since riot control agents and herbicides are not considered to be chemical warfare agents, those two items will be referred to separately or under the broader term “chemical,” which will be used to include all types of chemical munitions/agents collectively. Also called CW. See also chemical agent; chemical dose; chemical weapon; riot control agent. (JP 3-11) chemical weapon — Together or separately, (a) a toxic chemical and its precursors, except when intended for a purpose not prohibited under the Chemical Weapons Convention; (b) a munition or device, specifically designed to cause death or other harm through toxic properties of those chemicals specified in (a), above, which would be released as a result of the employment of such munition or device; (c) any equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of munitions or devices specified in (b), above. See also chemical agent; chemical dose; chemical warfare; riot control agent. (JP 3-11) chief of mission — The principal officer (the ambassador) in charge of a diplomatic facility of the United States, including any individual assigned to be temporarily in charge of such a facility. The chief of mission is the personal representative of the President to the country of accreditation. The chief of mission is responsible for the direction, coordination, and supervision of all US Government executive branch employees in that country (except those under the command of a US area military commander). The security of the diplomatic post is the chief of mission’s direct responsibility. Also called COM. (JP 3-08) JP 1-02 49 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 chief of staff — The senior or principal member or head of a staff, or the principal assistant in a staff capacity to a person in a command capacity; the head or controlling member of a staff, for purposes of the coordination of its work; a position that in itself is without inherent power of command by reason of assignment, except that which is invested in such a position by delegation to exercise command in another’s name. chief of station — The senior United States intelligence officer in a foreign country and the direct representative of the Director National Intelligence, to whom the officer reports through the Director Central Intelligence Agency. Usually the senior representative of the Central Intelligence Agency assigned to a US mission. Also called COS. (JP 2-01.2) chronic radiation dose — A dose of ionizing radiation received either continuously or intermittently over a prolonged period of time. A chronic radiation dose may be high enough to cause radiation sickness and death but, if received at a low dose rate, a significant portion of the acute cellular damage may be repaired. See also acute radiation dose; radiation dose; radiation dose rate. cipher — Any cryptographic system in which arbitrary symbols (or groups of symbols) represent units of plain text of regular length, usually single letters; units of plain text are rearranged; or both, in accordance with certain predetermined rules. See also cryptosystem. circular error probable — An indicator of the delivery accuracy of a weapon system, used as a factor in determining probable damage to a target. It is the radius of a circle within which half of a missile’s projectiles are expected to fall. Also called CEP. (JP 3-60) civic action — See military civic action. civil administration — An administration established by a foreign government in (1) friendly territory, under an agreement with the government of the area concerned, to exercise certain authority normally the function of the local government; or (2) hostile territory, occupied by United States forces, where a foreign government exercises executive, legislative, and judicial authority until an indigenous civil government can be established. Also called CA. (JP 3-05) civil affairs — Designated Active and Reserve Component forces and units organized, trained, and equipped specifically to conduct civil affairs operations and to support civil-military operations. Also called CA. See also civil-military operations. (JP 3-57) civil affairs agreement — An agreement that governs the relationship between allied armed forces located in a friendly country and the civil authorities and people of that country. See also civil affairs. civil affairs operations — Those military operations conducted by civil affairs forces that (1) enhance the relationship between military forces and civil authorities in localities where military forces are present; (2) require coordination with other interagency organizations, 50 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, indigenous populations and institutions, and the private sector; and (3) involve application of functional specialty skills that normally are the responsibility of civil government to enhance the conduct of civil-military operations. Also called CAO. (JP 3-57) civil augmentation program — Standing, long-term external support contacts designed to augment Service logistic capabilities with contracted support in both preplanned and short notice contingencies. Examples include US Army Logistics Civil Augmentation Program, Air Force Contract Augmentation Program, and US Navy Global Contingency Capabilities Contracts. Also called CAP. See also contingency; contingency contract; external support contract. (JP 4-10) civil authorities — Those elected and appointed officers and employees who constitute the government of the United States, the governments of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, United States possessions and territories, and political subdivisions thereof. (JP 3-28) civil defense — All those activities and measures designed or undertaken to: a. minimize the effects upon the civilian population caused or which would be caused by an enemy attack on the United States; b. deal with the immediate emergency conditions that would be created by any such attack; and c. effectuate emergency repairs to, or the emergency restoration of, vital utilities and facilities destroyed or damaged by any such attack. civil defense emergency — See domestic emergencies. civil disturbance — Group acts of violence and disorder prejudicial to public law and order. See also domestic emergencies. (JP 3-28) civil emergency — Any occasion or instance for which, in the determination of the President, federal assistance is needed to supplement state and local efforts and capabilities to save lives and to protect property and public health and safety, or to lessen or avert the threat of a catastrophe in any part of the United States. (JP 3-28) civilian internee — A civilian who is interned during armed conflict, occupation, or other military operation for security reasons, for protection, or because he or she committed an offense against the detaining power. Also called CI. (DODD 2310.01E) civil-military medicine — A discipline within operational medicine comprising public health and medical issues that involve a civil-military interface (foreign or domestic), including military medical support to civil authorities (domestic), medical engagement cooperation activities, and medical civil-military operations. (JP 4-02) civil-military operations — The activities of a commander that establish, maintain, influence, or exploit relations between military forces, governmental and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and the civilian populace in a friendly, neutral, or hostile JP 1-02 51 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operational area in order to facilitate military operations, to consolidate and achieve operational US objectives. Civil-military operations may include performance by military forces of activities and functions normally the responsibility of the local, regional, or national government. These activities may occur prior to, during, or subsequent to other military actions. They may also occur, if directed, in the absence of other military operations. Civil-military operations may be performed by designated civil affairs, by other military forces, or by a combination of civil affairs and other forces. Also called CMO. See also civil affairs; operation. (JP 3-57) civil-military operations center — An organization normally comprised of civil affairs, established to plan and facilitate coordination of activities of the Armed Forces of the United States with indigenous populations and institutions, the private sector, intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, multinational forces, and other governmental agencies in support of the joint force commander. Also called CMOC. See also civil-military operations; operation. (JP 3-57) civil nuclear power — A nation that has the potential to employ nuclear technology for development of nuclear weapons but has deliberately decided against doing so. civil requirements — The necessary production and distribution of all types of services, supplies, and equipment during periods of armed conflict or occupation to ensure the productive efficiency of the civilian economy and to provide to civilians the treatment and protection to which they are entitled under customary and conventional international law. Civil Reserve Air Fleet — A program in which the Department of Defense contracts for the services of specific aircraft, owned by a US entity or citizen, during national emergencies and defense-oriented situations when expanded civil augmentation of military airlift activity is required. These aircraft are allocated, in accordance with Department of Defense requirements, to segments, according to their capabilities, such as international long range and short range cargo and passenger sections, national (domestic and Alaskan sections) and aeromedical evacuation and other segments as may be mutually agreed upon by the Department of Defense and the Department of Transportation. Also called CRAF. See also reserve. (JP 3-17) civil support — Department of Defense support to US civil authorities for domestic emergencies, and for designated law enforcement and other activities. Also called CS. (JP 3-28) civil transportation — The movement of persons, property, or mail by civil facilities, and the resources (including storage, except that for agricultural and petroleum products) necessary to accomplish the movement. (Excludes transportation operated or controlled by the military as well as petroleum and gas pipelines.) clandestine — Any activity or operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies with the intent to assure secrecy and concealment. (JP 2-01.2) 52 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 clandestine intelligence collection — The acquisition of protected intelligence information in a way designed to conceal the nature of the operation and protect the source. (JP 2-01.2) clandestine operation — An operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies in such a way as to assure secrecy or concealment. A clandestine operation differs from a covert operation in that emphasis is placed on concealment of the operation rather than on concealment of the identity of the sponsor. In special operations, an activity may be both covert and clandestine and may focus equally on operational considerations and intelligence-related activities. See also covert operation; overt operation. (JP 3-05.1) classes of supply — The ten categories into which supplies are grouped in order to facilitate supply management and planning. I. Rations and gratuitous issue of health, morale, and welfare items. II. Clothing, individual equipment, tentage, tool sets, and administrative and housekeeping supplies and equipment. III. Petroleum, oils, and lubricants. IV. Construction materials. V. Ammunition. VI. Personal demand items. VII. Major end items, including tanks, helicopters, and radios. VIII. Medical. IX. Repair parts and components for equipment maintenance. X. Nonstandard items to support nonmilitary programs such as agriculture and economic development. See also petroleum, oils, and lubricants. (JP 4-09) classification — The determination that official information requires, in the interests of national security, a specific degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure, coupled with a designation signifying that such a determination has been made. See also security classification. (JP 2-01.2) classified information — Official information that has been determined to require, in the interests of national security, protection against unauthorized disclosure and which has been so designated. (JP 2-01.2) cleansing station — See decontamination station. clearance capacity — An estimate expressed in terms of measurement or weight tons per day of the cargo that may be transported inland from a beach or port over the available means of inland communication, including roads, railroads, and inland waterways. The estimate is based on an evaluation of the physical characteristics of the transportation facilities in the area. See also port capacity. clearance decontamination — The final level of decontamination that provides the decontamination of equipment and personnel to a level that allows unrestricted transportation, maintenance, employment, and disposal. (JP 3-11) clearing operation — An operation designed to clear or neutralize all mines and obstacles from a route or area. (JP 3-15) JP 1-02 53 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 close air support — Air action by fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and that require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces. Also called CAS. See also air interdiction; immediate mission request; preplanned mission request. (JP 3-0) close-controlled air interception — (*) An interception in which the interceptor is continuously controlled to a position from which the target is within visual range or radar contact. See also air interception. close support — That action of the supporting force against targets or objectives which are sufficiently near the supported force as to require detailed integration or coordination of the supporting action with the fire, movement, or other actions of the supported force. See also direct support; general support; mutual support; support. (JP 3-31) close support area — Those parts of the ocean operating areas nearest to, but not necessarily in, the objective area. They are assigned to naval support carrier strike groups, surface action groups, surface action units, and certain logistic combat service support elements. (JP 3-02) closure — In transportation, the process of a unit arriving at a specified location. It begins when the first element arrives at a designated location, e.g., port of entry and/or port of departure, intermediate stops, or final destination, and ends when the last element does likewise. For the purposes of studies and command post exercises, a unit is considered essentially closed after 95 percent of its movement requirements for personnel and equipment are completed. closure shortfall — The specified movement requirement or portion thereof that did not meet scheduling criteria and/or movement dates. coalition — An arrangement between two or more nations for common action. See also alliance; multinational. (JP 5-0) coastal sea control — The employment of forces to ensure the unimpeded use of an offshore coastal area by friendly forces and, as appropriate, to deny the use of the area to enemy forces. (JP 3-10) code word — (*) 1. A word that has been assigned a classification and a classified meaning to safeguard intentions and information regarding a classified plan or operation. 2. A cryptonym used to identify sensitive intelligence data. collate — 1. The grouping together of related items to provide a record of events and facilitate further processing. 2. To compare critically two or more items or documents concerning the same general subject; normally accomplished in the processing and exploitation portion of the intelligence process. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-0) 54 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 collateral damage — Unintentional or incidental injury or damage to persons or objects that would not be lawful military targets in the circumstances ruling at the time. Such damage is not unlawful so long as it is not excessive in light of the overall military advantage anticipated from the attack. (JP 3-60) collection — In intelligence usage, the acquisition of information and the provision of this information to processing elements. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) collection agency — Any individual, organization, or unit that has access to sources of information and the capability of collecting information from them. See also agency. collection asset — A collection system, platform, or capability that is supporting, assigned, or attached to a particular commander. See also collection. (JP 2-01) collection management — In intelligence usage, the process of converting intelligence requirements into collection requirements, establishing priorities, tasking or coordinating with appropriate collection sources or agencies, monitoring results, and retasking, as required. See also collection; collection requirement; collection requirements management; intelligence; intelligence process. (JP 2-0) collection management authority — Within the Department of Defense, collection management authority constitutes the authority to establish, prioritize, and validate theater collection requirements, establish sensor tasking guidance, and develop theaterwide collection policies. Also called CMA. See also collection manager; collection plan; collection requirement. (JP 2-01.2) collection manager — An individual with responsibility for the timely and efficient tasking of organic collection resources and the development of requirements for theater and national assets that could satisfy specific information needs in support of the mission. Also called CM. See also collection; collection management authority. (JP 2-01) collection operations management — The authoritative direction, scheduling, and control of specific collection operations and associated processing, exploitation, and reporting resources. Also called COM. See also collection management; collection requirements management. (JP 2-0) collection plan — A plan for collecting information from all available sources to meet intelligence requirements and for transforming those requirements into orders and requests to appropriate agencies. See also information; information requirements; intelligence process. (JP 2-01) collection planning — A continuous process that coordinates and integrates the efforts of all collection units and agencies. See also collection. (JP 2-0) JP 1-02 55 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 collection point — A point designated for the assembly of personnel casualties, stragglers, disabled materiel, salvage, etc., for further movement to collecting stations or rear installations. Also called CP. (JP 4-06) collection requirement — 1. An intelligence need considered in the allocation of intelligence resources. Within the Department of Defense, these collection requirements fulfill the essential elements of information and other intelligence needs of a commander, or an agency. 2. An established intelligence need, validated against the appropriate allocation of intelligence resources (as a requirement) to fulfill the essential elements of information and other intelligence needs of an intelligence consumer. (JP 2-01.2) collection requirements management — The authoritative development and control of collection, processing, exploitation, and/or reporting requirements that normally result in either the direct tasking of assets over which the collection manager has authority, or the generation of tasking requests to collection management authorities at a higher, lower, or lateral echelon to accomplish the collection mission. Also called CRM. See also collection; collection management; collection operations management. (JP 2-0) collection resource — A collection system, platform, or capability that is not assigned or attached to a specific unit or echelon which must be requested and coordinated through the chain of command. See also collection management. (JP 2-01) collective protection — The protection provided to a group of individuals which permits relaxation of individual chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection. Also called COLPRO. (JP 3-11) colored beach — That portion of usable coastline sufficient for the assault landing of a regimental landing team or similar sized unit. In the event that the landing force consists of a single battalion landing team, a colored beach will be used and no further subdivision of the beach is required. See also numbered beach. (JP 3-02) combat air patrol — An aircraft patrol provided over an objective area, the force protected, the critical area of a combat zone, or in an air defense area, for the purpose of intercepting and destroying hostile aircraft before they reach their targets. Also called CAP. See also airborne alert; barrier combat air patrol; rescue combat air patrol. (JP 3-01) combat and operational stress — The expected and predictable emotional, intellectual, physical, and/or behavioral reactions of Service members who have been exposed to stressful events in war or military operations other than war. Combat stress reactions vary in quality and severity as a function of operational conditions, such as intensity, duration, rules of engagement, leadership, effective communication, unit morale, unit cohesion, and perceived importance of the mission. (JP 4-02) 56 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combat and operational stress control — Programs developed and actions taken by military leadership to prevent, identify, and manage adverse combat and operational stress reactions in units; optimize mission performance; conserve fighting strength; prevent or minimize adverse effects of combat and operational stress on members’ physical, psychological, intellectual and social health; and to return the unit or Service member to duty expeditiously. (JP 4-02) combatant command — A unified or specified command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander established and so designated by the President, through the Secretary of Defense and with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Combatant commands typically have geographic or functional responsibilities. See also specified command; unified command. (JP 5-0) combatant command chaplain — The senior chaplain assigned to the staff of, or designated by, the combatant commander to provide advice on religion, ethics, and morale of assigned personnel and to coordinate religious ministries within the combatant commander’s area of responsibility. See also command chaplain; religious support; religious support plan; religious support team. (JP 1-05) combatant command (command authority) — Nontransferable command authority established by Title 10 (“Armed Forces”), United States Code, Section 164, exercised only by commanders of unified or specified combatant commands unless otherwise directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense. Combatant command (command authority) cannot be delegated and is the authority of a combatant commander to perform those functions of command over assigned forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations, joint training, and logistics necessary to accomplish the missions assigned to the command. Combatant command (command authority) should be exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders. Combatant command (command authority) provides full authority to organize and employ commands and forces as the combatant commander considers necessary to accomplish assigned missions. Operational control is inherent in combatant command (command authority). Also called COCOM. See also combatant command; combatant commander; operational control; tactical control. (JP 1) combatant commander — A commander of one of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the President. Also called CCDR. See also combatant command; specified combatant command; unified combatant command. (JP 3-0) combatant commander logistic procurement support board — A combatant commander-level joint board established to ensure that contracting support and other sources of support are properly synchronized across the entire area of responsibility. Also called CLPSB. See also joint acquisition review board; joint contracting support board. (JP 4-10) JP 1-02 57 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combatant command support agent — The Secretary of a Military Department to whom the Secretary of Defense or the Deputy Secretary of Defense has assigned administrative and logistical support of the headquarters of a combatant command, United States Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command, or subordinate unified command. The nature and scope of the combatant command support agent responsibilities, functions, and authorities shall be prescribed at the time of assignment or in keeping with existing agreements and practices, and they shall remain in effect until the Secretary of Defense or the Deputy Secretary of Defense revokes, supersedes, or modifies them. Also called CCSA. (DODD 5100.03) combat assessment — The determination of the overall effectiveness of force employment during military operations. Combat assessment is composed of three major components: (a) battle damage assessment; (b) munitions effectiveness assessment; and (c) reattack recommendation. Also called CA. See also battle damage assessment; munitions effectiveness assessment; reattack recommendation. (JP 3-60) combat camera — The acquisition and utilization of still and motion imagery in support of operational and planning requirements across the range of military operations and during joint exercises. Also called COMCAM. See also visual information. (JP 3-61) combat cargo officer — An embarkation officer assigned to major amphibious ships or naval staffs, functioning primarily as an adviser to and representative of the naval commander in matters pertaining to embarkation and debarkation of troops and their supplies and equipment. Also called CCO. See also embarkation officer. (JP 3-02.1) combat chart — A special naval chart, at a scale of 1:50,000, designed for naval surface fire support and close air support during coastal or amphibious operations and showing detailed hydrography and topography in the coastal belt. combat control team — A small task organized team of Air Force parachute and combat diver qualified personnel trained and equipped to rapidly establish and control drop, landing, and extraction zone air traffic in austere or hostile conditions. They survey and establish terminal airheads as well as provide guidance to aircraft for airlift operations. They provide command and control, and conduct reconnaissance, surveillance, and survey assessments of potential objective airfields or assault zones. They also can perform limited weather observations and removal of obstacles or unexploded ordinance with demolitions. Also called CCT. (JP 3-17) combat engineering — Engineering capabilities and activities that closely support the maneuver of land combat forces consisting of three types: mobility, countermobility, and survivability. (JP 3-34) combat identification — The process of attaining an accurate characterization of detected objects in the operational environment sufficient to support an engagement decision. Also called CID. (JP 3-09) 58 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combat information — Unevaluated data, gathered by or provided directly to the tactical commander which, due to its highly perishable nature or the criticality of the situation, cannot be processed into tactical intelligence in time to satisfy the user’s tactical intelligence requirements. See also information. combat information center — The agency in a ship or aircraft manned and equipped to collect, display, evaluate, and disseminate tactical information for the use of the embarked flag officer, commanding officer, and certain control agencies. Also called CIC. (JP 3-04) combating terrorism — Actions, including antiterrorism and counterterrorism, taken to oppose terrorism throughout the entire threat spectrum. Also called CbT. See also antiterrorism; counterterrorism. (JP 3-26) combat intelligence — That knowledge of the enemy, weather, and geographical features required by a commander in the planning and conduct of combat operations. (JP 2-0) combat loading — The arrangement of personnel and the stowage of equipment and supplies in a manner designed to conform to the anticipated tactical operation of the organization embarked. Each individual item is stowed so that it can be unloaded at the required time. (JP 3-02) combat organizational loading — A method of loading by which a unit with its equipment and initial supplies is loaded into a single ship, together with other units, in such a manner as to be available for unloading in a predetermined order. (JP 3-02.1) combat power — The total means of destructive and/or disruptive force which a military unit/formation can apply against the opponent at a given time. (JP 3-0) combat readiness — Synonymous with operational readiness, with respect to missions or functions performed in combat. (JP 1-0) combat search and rescue — The tactics, techniques, and procedures performed by forces to effect the recovery of isolated personnel during combat. Also called CSAR. See also search and rescue. (JP 3-50) combat search and rescue task force — All forces committed to a specific combat search and rescue operation to locate, identify, support, and recover isolated personnel during combat. This includes those elements assigned to provide command and control and to protect the recovery vehicle(s) from attack. Also called CSARTF. See also combat search and rescue; search; search and rescue. (JP 3-50) combat service support — The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war. Within the national and theater logistic systems, it includes but is not limited to that JP 1-02 59 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 support rendered by service forces in ensuring the aspects of supply, maintenance, transportation, health services, and other services required by aviation and ground combat troops to permit those units to accomplish their missions in combat. Combat service support encompasses those activities at all levels of war that produce sustainment to all operating forces on the battlefield. Also called CSS. See also combat support. (JP 4-0) combat service support area — An area ashore that is organized to contain the necessary supplies, equipment, installations, and elements to provide the landing force with combat service support throughout the operation. Also called CSSA. (JP 3-02) combat service support elements — Those elements whose primary missions are to provide service support to combat forces and which are a part, or prepared to become a part, of a theater, command, or task force formed for combat operations. See also service troops. combat spread loading — A method of combat loading by which some of the troops, equipment, and initial supplies of a unit are loaded in one ship and the remainder are loaded in one or more others. This method is commonly used for troop units with heavy equipment. (JP 3-02.1) combat support — Fire support and operational assistance provided to combat elements. Also called CS. See also combat service support. (JP 4-0) combat support agency — A Department of Defense agency so designated by Congress or the Secretary of Defense that supports military combat operations. Also called CSA. (JP 5-0) combat surveillance — A continuous, all-weather, day-and-night, systematic watch over the battle area in order to provide timely information for tactical combat operations. combat survival — (*) Those measures to be taken by Service personnel when involuntarily separated from friendly forces in combat, including procedures relating to individual survival, evasion, escape, and conduct after capture. combat unit loading — A method of loading by which all or a part of a combat unit, such as an assault battalion landing team, is completely loaded in a single ship, with essential combat equipment and supplies, in such a manner as to be immediately available to support the tactical plan upon debarkation, and to provide a maximum of flexibility to meet possible changes in the tactical plan. (JP 3-02.1) combined — Between two or more forces or agencies of two or more allies. (When all allies or services are not involved, the participating nations and services shall be identified, e.g., combined navies.) See also joint. 60 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combined arms team — The full integration and application of two or more arms or elements of one Military Service into an operation. (JP 3-18) combined force — A military force composed of elements of two or more allied nations. command — 1. The authority that a commander in the armed forces lawfully exercises over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment. Command includes the authority and responsibility for effectively using available resources and for planning the employment of, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling military forces for the accomplishment of assigned missions. It also includes responsibility for health, welfare, morale, and discipline of assigned personnel. 2. An order given by a commander; that is, the will of the commander expressed for the purpose of bringing about a particular action. 3. A unit or units, an organization, or an area under the command of one individual. Also called CMD. See also area command; combatant command; combatant command (command authority). (JP 1) command and control — The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of the mission. Also called C2. (JP 1) command and control system — The facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, and personnel essential to a commander for planning, directing, and controlling operations of assigned and attached forces pursuant to the missions assigned. (JP 6-0) command assessment element — The small team of personnel sent by the United States Northern Command or United States Pacific Command to a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives incident site to conduct a consequence management assessment and make an evaluation of potential shortfalls in federal and state capabilities, which may become requests for Department of Defense assistance. Also called CAE. (JP 3-41) command chaplain — The senior chaplain assigned to or designated by a commander of a staff, command, or unit. See also combatant command chaplain; religious support; religious support plan. (JP 1-05) command element — The core element of a Marine air-ground task force that is the headquarters. The command element is composed of the commander, general or executive and special staff sections, headquarters section, and requisite communications support, intelligence, and reconnaissance forces necessary to accomplish the mission. The command element provides command and control, intelligence, and other support essential for effective planning and execution of operations by the other elements of the Marine air-ground task force. The command element varies in size and composition. Also called CE. (JP 3-02) JP 1-02 61 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 commander, amphibious task force — The Navy officer designated in the initiating directive as the commander of the amphibious task force. Also called CATF. See also amphibious operation; amphibious task force; commander, landing force. (JP 3-02) commander, landing force — The officer designated in the initiating directive as the commander of the landing force for an amphibious operation. Also called CLF. See also amphibious operation; commander, amphibious task force; landing force. (JP 3-02) commander’s critical information requirement — An information requirement identified by the commander as being critical to facilitating timely decision making. Also called CCIR. See also information; information requirements; intelligence; priority intelligence requirement. (JP 3-0) commander’s estimate — A developed course of action designed to provide the Secretary of Defense with military options to meet a potential contingency. (JP 5-0) commander’s intent — A clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports mission command, provides focus to the staff, and helps subordinate and supporting commanders act to achieve the commander’s desired results without further orders, even when the operation does not unfold as planned. See also assessment; end state. (JP 3-0) commander’s required delivery date — The original date relative to C-day, specified by the combatant commander for arrival of forces or cargo at the destination; shown in the time-phased force and deployment data to assess the impact of later arrival. (JP 5-0) command information — Communication by a military organization directed to the internal audience that creates an awareness of the organization’s goals, informs them of significant developments affecting them and the organization, increases their effectiveness as ambassadors of the organization, and keeps them informed about what is going on in the organization. Also called internal information. See also command; information; public affairs. (JP 3-61) commanding officer of troops — On a ship that has embarked units, a designated officer (usually the senior embarking unit commander) who is responsible for the administration, discipline, and training of all embarked units. Also called COT. (JP 3-02) command net — (*) A communications network which connects an echelon of command with some or all of its subordinate echelons for the purpose of command and control. command post exercise — An exercise in which the forces are simulated, involving the commander, the staff, and communications within and between headquarters. Also called CPX. See also exercise; maneuver. (JP 3-0) 62 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 command relationships — The interrelated responsibilities between commanders, as well as the operational authority exercised by commanders in the chain of command; defined further as combatant command (command authority), operational control, tactical control, or support. See also chain of command; combatant command (command authority); command; operational control; support; tactical control. (JP 1) command-sponsored dependent — A dependent entitled to travel to overseas commands at government expense and endorsed by the appropriate military commander to be present in a dependent’s status. (JP 3-68) commercial items — Articles of supply readily available from established commercial distribution sources which the Department of Defense or inventory managers in the Military Services have designated to be obtained directly or indirectly from such sources. (JP 4-06) commercial loading — See administrative loading. commercial vehicle — A vehicle that has evolved in the commercial market to meet civilian requirements and which is selected from existing production lines for military use. (JP 4-06) commit — The process of committing one or more air interceptors or surface-to-air missiles for interception against a target track. commodity loading —A method of loading in which various types of cargoes are loaded together, such as ammunition, rations, or boxed vehicles, in order that each commodity can be discharged without disturbing the others. See also combat loading. (JP 3-02.1) commodity manager — An individual within the organization of an inventory control point or other such organization assigned management responsibility for homogeneous grouping of materiel items. commonality — A quality that applies to materiel or systems: a. possessing like and interchangeable characteristics enabling each to be utilized, or operated and maintained, by personnel trained on the others without additional specialized training; b. having interchangeable repair parts and/or components; and c. applying to consumable items interchangeably equivalent without adjustment. (JP 6-0) common item — 1. Any item of materiel that is required for use by more than one activity. 2. Sometimes loosely used to denote any consumable item except repair parts or other technical items. 3. Any item of materiel that is procured for, owned by (Service stock), or used by any Military Department of the Department of Defense and is also required to be furnished to a recipient country under the grant-aid Military Assistance Program. 4. Readily available commercial items. 5. Items used by two or more Military Services of similar manufacture or fabrication that may vary between the Services as to JP 1-02 63 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 color or shape (as vehicles or clothing). 6. Any part or component that is required in the assembly of two or more complete end-items. common operating environment — Automation services that support the development of the common reusable software modules that enable interoperability across multiple combat support applications. This includes segmentation of common software modules from existing applications, integration of commercial products, development of a common architecture, and development of common tools for application developers. Also called COE. (JP 4-01) common operational picture — A single identical display of relevant information shared by more than one command that facilitates collaborative planning and assists all echelons to achieve situational awareness. Also called COP. (JP 3-0) common servicing — Functions performed by one Service in support of another for which reimbursement is not required. See also servicing. (JP 3-34) common supplies — Those supplies common to two or more Services. common tactical picture — An accurate and complete display of relevant tactical data that integrates tactical information from the multi-tactical data link network, ground network, intelligence network, and sensor networks. Also called CTP. (JP 3-01) common use — Services, materiel, or facilities provided by a Department of Defense agency or a Military Department on a common basis for two or more Department of Defense agencies, elements, or other organizations as directed. common-use container — Any Department of Defense-owned, -leased, or -controlled 20or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container managed by US Transportation Command as an element of the Department of Defense common-use container system. See also component- owned container; Service-unique container. (JP 4-09) common-user airlift service — The airlift service provided on a common basis for all Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, for other agencies of the US Government. (JP 3-17) common-user item — An item of an interchangeable nature which is in common use by two or more nations or Services of a nation. (JP 4-07) common-user logistics — Materiel or service support shared with or provided by two or more Services, Department of Defense agencies, or multinational partners to another Service, Department of Defense agency, non-Department of Defense agency, and/or multinational partner in an operation. Common-user logistics is usually restricted to a particular type of supply and/or service and may be further restricted to specific unit(s) 64 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 or types of units, specific times, missions, and/or geographic areas. Also called CUL. See also common use. (JP 4-09) common-user military land transportation — Point-to-point land transportation service operated by a single Service for common use by two or more Services. common-user network — A system of circuits or channels allocated to furnish communication paths between switching centers to provide communication service on a common basis to all connected stations or subscribers. It is sometimes described as a general purpose network. common-user ocean terminals — A military installation, part of a military installation, or a commercial facility operated under contract or arrangement by the Surface Deployment and Distribution Command which regularly provides for two or more Services terminal functions of receipt, transit storage or staging, processing, and loading and unloading of passengers or cargo aboard ships. (JP 4-01.2) common-user sealift — The sealift services provided on a common basis for all Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, for other agencies of the US Government. The Military Sealift Command, a transportation component command of the US Transportation Command, provides common-user sealift for which users reimburse the transportation accounts of the Transportation Working Capital Fund. See also Military Sealift Command; transportation component command. (JP 3-35) common-user transportation — Transportation and transportation services provided on a common basis for two or more Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, non-Department of Defense agencies. Common-user assets are under the combatant command (command authority) of Commander, United States Transportation Command, excluding Service-organic or theater-assigned transportation assets. See also common use. (JP 4-01.2) communicate — To use any means or method to convey information of any kind from one person or place to another. (JP 6-0) communications intelligence — Technical information and intelligence derived from foreign communications by other than the intended recipients. Also called COMINT. (JP 2-0) communications network — An organization of stations capable of intercommunications, but not necessarily on the same channel. (JP 6-0) communications satellite — An orbiting vehicle, which relays signals between communications stations. There are two types: a. active communications satellite — A satellite that receives, regenerates, and retransmits signals between stations; b. passive communications satellite — A satellite which reflects communications signals between stations. Also called COMSAT. (JP 6-0) JP 1-02 65 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 communications security — The protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from the possession and study of telecommunications, or to mislead unauthorized persons in their interpretation of the results of such possession and study. Also called COMSEC. (JP 6-0) communications security equipment — Equipment designed to provide security to telecommunications by converting information to a form unintelligible to an unauthorized interceptor and by reconverting such information to its original form for authorized recipients, as well as equipment designed specifically to aid in (or as an essential element of) the conversion process. Communications security equipment is cryptoequipment, cryptoancillary equipment, cryptoproduction equipment, and authentication equipment. communications security material — All documents, devices, equipment, or apparatus, including cryptomaterial, used in establishing or maintaining secure communications. communications security monitoring — The act of listening to, copying, or recording transmissions of one’s own circuits (or when specially agreed, e.g., in allied exercises, those of friendly forces) to provide material for communications security analysis in order to determine the degree of security being provided to those transmissions. In particular, the purposes include providing a basis for advising commanders on the security risks resulting from their transmissions, improving the security of communications, and planning and conducting manipulative communications deception operations. community engagement — Those public affairs activities that support the relationship between military and civilian communities. (JP 3-61) compartmentation — 1. Establishment and management of an organization so that information about the personnel, internal organization, or activities of one component is made available to any other component only to the extent required for the performance of assigned duties. 2. Effects of relief and drainage upon avenues of approach so as to produce areas bounded on at least two sides by terrain features such as woods, ridges, or ravines that limit observation or observed fire into the area from points outside the area. (JP 3-05.1) complaint-type investigation — A counterintelligence investigation in which sabotage, espionage, treason, sedition, subversive activity, or disaffection is suspected. completeness — The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether operation plans incorporate major operations and tasks to be accomplished and to what degree they include forces required, deployment concept, employment concept, sustainment concept, time estimates for achieving objectives, description of the end state, mission success criteria, and mission termination criteria. (JP 5-0) 66 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 complete round — A term applied to an assemblage of explosive and nonexplosive components designed to perform a specific function at the time and under the conditions desired. Examples of complete rounds of ammunition are: a. separate loading, consisting of a primer, propelling charge and, except for blank ammunition, a projectile and a fuze; b. fixed or semifixed, consisting of a primer, propelling charge, cartridge case, a projectile and, except when solid projectiles are used, a fuze; c. bomb, consisting of all component parts required to drop and function the bomb once; d. missile, consisting of a complete warhead section and a missile body with its associated components and propellants; and e. rocket, consisting of all components necessary to function. component — 1. One of the subordinate organizations that constitute a joint force. Normally a joint force is organized with a combination of Service and functional components. (JP 1) 2. In logistics, a part or combination of parts having a specific function, which can be installed or replaced only as an entity. (JP 4-0) Also called COMP. See also functional component command; Service component command. component-owned container — A 20- or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container procured and owned by a single Department of Defense component. May be either on an individual unit property book or contained within a component pool (e.g., Marine Corps maritime pre-positioning force containers). May be temporarily assigned to the Department of Defense common-use container system. Also called Service-unique container. See also common-use container. (JP 4-09) composite warfare commander — An officer to whom the officer in tactical command of a naval task organization may delegate authority to conduct some or all of the offensive and defensive functions of the force. Also called CWC. (JP 3-02) compromise — The known or suspected exposure of clandestine personnel, installations, or other assets or of classified information or material, to an unauthorized person. (JP 2-01.2) compromised — A term applied to classified matter, knowledge of which has, in whole or in part, passed to an unauthorized person or persons, or which has been subject to risk of such passing. (JP 2-01.2) computer intrusion — An incident of unauthorized access to data or an automated information system. computer intrusion detection — The process of identifying that a computer intrusion has been attempted, is occurring, or has occurred. computer network attack — Actions taken through the use of computer networks to disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy information resident in computers and computer networks, or the computers and networks themselves. Also called CNA. See also computer network defense; computer network exploitation; computer network operations. (JP 3-13) JP 1-02 67 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 computer network defense — Actions taken to protect, monitor, analyze, detect, and respond to unauthorized activity within the Department of Defense information systems and computer networks. Also called CND. See also computer network attack; computer network exploitation; computer network operations. (JP 6-0) computer network exploitation — Enabling operations and intelligence collection capabilities conducted through the use of computer networks to gather data from target or adversary automated information systems or networks. Also called CNE. See also computer network attack; computer network defense; computer network operations. (JP 3-13) computer network operations — Comprised of computer network attack, computer network defense, and related computer network exploitation enabling operations. Also called CNO. See also computer network attack; computer network defense; computer network exploitation. (JP 3-13) computer security — The protection resulting from all measures to deny unauthorized access and exploitation of friendly computer systems. Also called COMPUSEC. See also communications security. (JP 6-0) computer simulation — See configuration management; validation; verification. concept of fires — A verbal or graphic statement that clearly and concisely expresses how lethal and nonlethal fires will be synchronized and integrated to support the commander’s operational objectives. (JP 3-09) concept of intelligence operations — A verbal or graphic statement, in broad outline, of an intelligence directorate’s assumptions or intent in regard to intelligence support of an operation or series of operations. The concept of intelligence operations, which supports the commander’s concept of operations, is contained in the intelligence annex of operation plans. The concept of intelligence operations is designed to give an overall picture of intelligence support for joint operations. It is included primarily for additional clarity of purpose. See also concept of operations. (JP 2-0) concept of logistic support — A verbal or graphic statement, in a broad outline, of how a commander intends to support and integrate with a concept of operations in an operation or campaign. (JP 4-0) concept of operations — A verbal or graphic statement that clearly and concisely expresses what the joint force commander intends to accomplish and how it will be done using available resources. Also called CONOPS. (JP 5-0) concept plan — In the context of joint operation planning level 3 planning detail, an operation plan in an abbreviated format that may require considerable expansion or 68 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 alteration to convert it into a complete operation plan or operation order. Also called CONPLAN. See also operation plan. (JP 5-0) condition — 1. Those variables of an operational environment or situation in which a unit, system, or individual is expected to operate and may affect performance. 2. A physical or behavioral state of a system that is required for the achievement of an objective. See also joint mission-essential tasks. (JP 3-0) configuration management — A discipline applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance to: (1) identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a configuration item; (2) control changes to those characteristics; and (3) record and report changes to processing and implementation status. (JP 6-0) confirmation of information (intelligence) — An information item is said to be confirmed when it is reported for the second time, preferably by another independent source whose reliability is considered when confirming information. (JP 2-0) conflict prevention — A peace operation employing complementary diplomatic, civil, and, when necessary, military means, to monitor and identify the causes of conflict, and take timely action to prevent the occurrence, escalation, or resumption of hostilities. Activities aimed at conflict prevention are often conducted under Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter. Conflict prevention can include fact-finding missions, consultations, warnings, inspections, and monitoring. (JP 3-07.3) consequence management — Actions taken to maintain or restore essential services and manage and mitigate problems resulting from disasters and catastrophes, including natural, man-made, or terrorist incidents. Also called CM. (JP 3-28) constellation — A number of like satellites that are part of a system. Satellites in a constellation generally have a similar orbit. For example, the Global Positioning System constellation consists of 24 satellites distributed in six orbital planes with similar eccentricities, altitudes, and inclinations. See also Global Positioning System. (JP 3-14) constraint — In the context of joint operation planning, a requirement placed on the command by a higher command that dictates an action, thus restricting freedom of action. See also operational limitation; restraint. (JP 5-0) consumer — Person or agency that uses information or intelligence produced by either its own staff or other agencies. consumer logistics — That part of logistics concerning reception of the initial product, storage, inspection, distribution, transport, maintenance (including repair and serviceability), and disposal of materiel as well as the provision of support and services. In consequence, consumer logistics includes materiel requirements determination, follow-on support, stock control, provision or construction of facilities (excluding any JP 1-02 69 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 materiel element and those facilities needed to support production logistic activities), movement control, codification, reliability and defect reporting, storage, transport and handling safety standards, and related training. consumption rate — The average quantity of an item consumed or expended during a given time interval, expressed in quantities by the most appropriate unit of measurement per applicable stated basis. (JP 4-05) contact mine — A mine detonated by physical contact. See also mine. (JP 3-15) contact point — 1. In land warfare, a point on the terrain, easily identifiable, where two or more units are required to make contact. (JP 3-50) 2. In air operations, the position at which a mission leader makes radio contact with an air control agency. (JP 3-09.3) 3. In personnel recovery, a location where isolated personnel can establish contact with recovery forces. Also called CP. See also control point; coordinating point. (JP 3-50) contact procedure — Those predesignated actions taken by isolated personnel and recovery forces that permit link-up between the two parties in hostile territory and facilitate the return of isolated personnel to friendly control. See also evader; recovery force. (JP 3-50) contact reconnaissance — Locating isolated units out of contact with the main force. contact report — (*) A report indicating any detection of the enemy. container — An article of transport equipment that meets American National Standards Institute/International Organization for Standardization standards that is designed to be transported by various modes of transportation. These containers are also designed to facilitate and optimize the carriage of goods by one or more modes of transportation without intermediate handling of the contents and equipped with features permitting ready handling and transfer from one mode to another. Containers may be fully enclosed with one or more doors, open top, refrigerated, tank, open rack, gondola, flatrack, and other designs. See also containerization. (JP 4-01) container control officer — A designated official (E6 or above or civilian equivalent) within a command, installation, or activity who is responsible for control, reporting, use, and maintenance of all Department of Defense-owned and controlled intermodal containers and equipment. This officer has custodial responsibility for containers from time received until dispatched. (JP 4-09) container-handling equipment — Items of materials-handling equipment required to specifically receive, maneuver, and dispatch International Organization for Standardization containers. Also called CHE. See also materials handling equipment. (JP 4-09) 70 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 containerization — The use of containers to unitize cargo for transportation, supply, and storage. Containerization incorporates supply, transportation, packaging, storage, and security together with visibility of container and its contents into a distribution system from source to user. See also container. (JP 4-01) containership — A ship specially constructed and equipped to carry only containers without associated equipment, in all available cargo spaces, either below or above deck. Containerships are usually non-self-sustaining, do not have built-in capability to load or off-load containers, and require port crane service. A containership with shipboardinstalled cranes capable of loading and off-loading containers without assistance of port crane service is considered self-sustaining. (JP 4-09) containership cargo stowage adapter — Serves as the bottom-most temporary deck and precludes the necessity of strengthening of tank tops or the installation of hard points on decks, thereby accelerating containership readiness. (JP 4-01.6) contaminated remains — Remains of personnel which have absorbed or upon which have been deposited radioactive material, or biological or chemical agents. See also mortuary affairs. (JP 4-06) contamination — 1. The deposit, absorption, or adsorption of radioactive material, or of biological or chemical agents on or by structures, areas, personnel, or objects. See also induced radiation; residual radiation. 2. Food and/or water made unfit for consumption by humans or animals because of the presence of environmental chemicals, radioactive elements, bacteria or organisms, the byproduct of the growth of bacteria or organisms, the decomposing material (to include the food substance itself), or waste in the food or water. (JP 3-11) contamination avoidance — Individual and/or unit measures taken to reduce the effects of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards. (JP 3-11) contamination control — A combination of preparatory and responsive measures designed to limit the vulnerability of forces to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and toxic industrial hazards and to avoid, contain, control exposure to, and, where possible, neutralize them. See also biological agent; chemical agent; contamination. (JP 3-11) contiguous zone — 1. A maritime zone adjacent to the territorial sea that may not extend beyond 24 nautical miles (nms) from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Within the contiguous zone the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial sea. In all other respects the contiguous zone is an area subject to high seas freedom of navigation, overflight, and related freedoms, such as the conduct of military exercises. 2. The zone of the ocean extending 3-12 nms from the US coastline. JP 1-02 71 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 continental United States — United States territory, including the adjacent territorial waters, located within North America between Canada and Mexico. Also called CONUS. contingency — A situation requiring military operations in response to natural disasters, terrorists, subversives, or as otherwise directed by appropriate authority to protect US interests. See also contingency contracting. (JP 5-0) contingency contract — A legally binding agreement for supplies, services, and construction let by government contracting officers in the operational area as well as other contracts that have a prescribed area of performance within a designated operational area. See also external support contract; systems support contract; theater support contract. (JP 4-10) contingency contracting — The process of obtaining goods, services, and construction via contracting means in support of contingency operations. See also contingency; contingency contract. (JP 4-10) contingency engineering management organization — An organization formed by the combatant commander, or subordinate joint force commander to augment their staffs with additional Service engineering expertise for planning and construction management. See also combat engineering; contingency; crisis action planning; geospatial engineering. (JP 3-34) contingency operation — A military operation that is either designated by the Secretary of Defense as a contingency operation or becomes a contingency operation as a matter of law (Title 10, United States Code, Section 101[a][13]). It is a military operation that: a. is designated by the Secretary of Defense as an operation in which members of the Armed Forces are or may become involved in military actions, operations, or hostilities against an enemy of the United States or against an opposing force; or b. is created by definition of law. Under Title 10, United States Code, Section 101 (a)(13)(B), a contingency operation exists if a military operation results in the (1) call-up to (or retention on) active duty of members of the uniformed Services under certain enumerated statutes (Title 10, United States Code, Sections 688, 12301[a], 12302, 12304, 12305, 12406, or 331-335); and (2) the call-up to (or retention on) active duty of members of the uniformed Services under other (non-enumerated) statutes during war or national emergency declared by the President or Congress. See also contingency; operation. (JP 1) contingency plan — A plan for major contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated in the principal geographic subareas of the command. (JP 5-0) Contingency Planning Guidance — The Contingency Planning Guidance (CPG) fulfills the statutory duty of the Secretary of Defense to furnish written policy guidance annually to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for contingency planning. The Secretary issues this guidance with the approval of the President after consultation with 72 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The CPG focuses the guidance given in the National Security Strategy and Defense Planning Guidance, and is the principal source document for the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan. Also called CPG. contingency response program — Fast reaction transportation procedures intended to provide for priority use of land transportation assets by Department of Defense when required. Also called CORE. (JP 4-01) contingency retention stock — That portion of the quantity of an item excess to the approved force retention level for which there is no predictable demand or quantifiable requirement, and which normally would be allocated as potential DOD excess stock, except for a determination that the quantity will be retained for possible contingencies for United States forces. (Category C ships, aircraft, and other items being retained as contingency reserve are included in this stratum.) contingency ZIP Code — A ZIP Code consisting of a five-digit base with a four-digit addon to assist in routing and sorting assigned by Military Postal Service Agency to a contingency post office for the tactical use of the Armed Forces on a temporary basis. (JP 1-0) continuity of command — The degree or state of being continuous in the exercise of the authority vested in an individual of the Armed Forces for the direction, coordination, and control of military forces. continuity of operations — The degree or state of being continuous in the conduct of functions, tasks, or duties necessary to accomplish a military action or mission in carrying out the national military strategy. Also called COOP. (JP 3-0) contour flight — See terrain flight. contract administration — A subset of contracting that includes efforts to ensure that supplies, services, and construction are delivered in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract. (JP 4-10) contracted logistic support — Support in which maintenance operations for a particular military system are performed exclusively by contract support personnel. Also called CLS. See also logistic support; support. (JP 4-07) contracting officer — The Service member or Department of Defense civilian with the legal authority to enter into, administer, modify, and/or terminate contracts. (JP 4-10) contracting officer representative — A Service member or Department of Defense civilian appointed in writing and trained by a contracting officer, responsible for monitoring contract performance and performing other duties specified by their appointment letter. Also called COR. (JP 4-10) JP 1-02 73 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 contractor management — The oversight and integration of contractor personnel and associated equipment providing support to the joint force in a designated operational area. (JP 4-10) contractors authorized to accompany the force — Contingency contractor employees and all tiers of subcontractor employees who are specifically authorized through their contract to accompany the force and have protected status in accordance with international conventions. Also called CAAF. (JP 4-10) contractors not authorized to accompany the force — Contingency contractor employees and all tiers of subcontractor employees who are not authorized through their contract to accompany the force and do not have protected status in accordance with international conventions. Also called non-CAAF. (JP 4-10) contract support integration — The coordination and synchronization of contracted support executed in a designated operational area in support of the joint force. (JP 4-10) contract termination — Defense procurement: the cessation or cancellation, in whole or in part, of work under a prime contract or a subcontract thereunder for the convenience of, or at the option of, the government, or due to failure of the contractor to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract (default). (JP 4-10) control — 1. Authority that may be less than full command exercised by a commander over part of the activities of subordinate or other organizations. (JP 1) 2. In mapping, charting, and photogrammetry, a collective term for a system of marks or objects on the Earth or on a map or a photograph, whose positions or elevations (or both) have been or will be determined. (JP 2-03) 3. Physical or psychological pressures exerted with the intent to assure that an agent or group will respond as directed. (JP 3-0) 4. An indicator governing the distribution and use of documents, information, or material. Such indicators are the subject of intelligence community agreement and are specifically defined in appropriate regulations. (JP 2-01) See also administrative control; operational control; tactical control. control area — A controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit above the Earth. See also controlled airspace; control zone; terminal control area. (JP 3-04) control group — Personnel, ships, and craft designated to control the waterborne ship-toshore movement. (JP 3-02) controlled airspace — An airspace of defined dimensions within which civilian air traffic control services are provided to control flights. (JP 3-52) controlled firing area — An area in which ordnance firing is conducted under controlled conditions so as to eliminate hazard to aircraft in flight. See also restricted area. 74 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 controlled information — 1. Information conveyed to an adversary in a deception operation to evoke desired appreciations. 2. Information and indicators deliberately conveyed or denied to foreign targets to evoke invalid official estimates that result in foreign official actions advantageous to US interests and objectives. (JP 2-01.2) controlled shipping — Shipping that is controlled by the Military Sealift Command. Included in this category are Military Sealift Command ships (United States Naval Ships), government-owned ships operated under a general agency agreement, and commercial ships under charter to the Military Sealift Command. See also Military Sealift Command; United States Naval Ship. (JP 3-02.1) controlled source — In counterintelligence use, a person employed by or under the control of an intelligence activity and responding to intelligence tasking. (JP 2-01.2) controlled substance — A drug or other substance, or immediate precursor included in Schedule I, II, III, IV, or V of the Controlled Substances Act. (JP 3-07.4) controlled technical services — The controlled use of technology to enhance counterintelligence and human intelligence activities. Also called CTS. (JP 2-01.2) control of electromagnetic radiation — A national operation plan to minimize the use of electromagnetic radiation in the United States and its possessions and the Panama Canal Zone in the event of attack or imminent threat thereof, as an aid to the navigation of hostile aircraft, guided missiles, or other devices. See also emission control orders. control point — 1. A position along a route of march at which men are stationed to give information and instructions for the regulation of supply or traffic. 2. A position marked by coordinates (latitude, longitude), a buoy, boat, aircraft, electronic device, conspicuous terrain feature, or other identifiable object which is given a name or number and used as an aid to navigation or control of ships, boats, or aircraft. 3. In marking mosaics, a point located by ground survey with which a corresponding point on a photograph is matched as a check. (JP 3-09.3) control zone — A controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the Earth to a specified upper limit. See also control area; controlled airspace; terminal control area. (JP 3-52) conventional forces — 1. Those forces capable of conducting operations using nonnuclear weapons. 2. Those forces other than designated special operations forces. Also called CF. (JP 3-05) conventional mines — Land mines, other than nuclear or chemical, that are not designed to self-destruct; are designed to be emplaced by hand or mechanical means; and can be buried or surface emplaced. See also mine. (JP 3-15) conventional weapon — (*) A weapon which is neither nuclear, biological, nor chemical. JP 1-02 75 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 converge — A request or command used in a call for fire to indicate that the observer or spotter desires a sheaf in which the planes of fire intersect at a point. convergence — (*) See grid convergence; grid convergence factor. convoy — 1. A number of merchant ships and/or naval auxiliaries usually escorted by warships and/or aircraft — or a single merchant ship or naval auxiliary under surface escort — assembled and organized for the purpose of passage together. 2. A group of vehicles organized for the purpose of control and orderly movement with or without escort protection that moves over the same route at the same time and under one commander. (JP 3-02.1) convoy escort — (*) 1. A naval ship(s) or aircraft in company with a convoy and responsible for its protection. 2. An escort to protect a convoy of vehicles from being scattered, destroyed, or captured. See also escort. convoy schedule — (*) Planned convoy sailings showing the shipping lanes, assembly and terminal areas, scheduled speed, and sailing interval. cooperating agency — An agency that provides technical and resource support (including planning, training, and exercising), at the request of the coordinating agency, to conduct operations using their own authorities, subject-matter experts, capabilities or resources (i.e., personnel, equipment, or other resource support). The Department of Defense is considered a cooperating agency for the majority of the National Response Plan support annexes. (JP 3-28) cooperative logistics — The logistic support provided a foreign government or agency through its participation in the US Department of Defense logistic system, with reimbursement to the United States for support provided. cooperative logistic support arrangements — The combining term for procedural arrangements (cooperative logistic arrangements) and implementing procedures (supplementary procedures) that together support, define, or implement cooperative logistic understandings between the United States and a friendly foreign government under peacetime conditions. cooperative security location — A facility located outside the United States and US territories with little or no permanent US presence, maintained with periodic Service, contractor, or host-nation support. Cooperative security locations provide contingency access, logistic support, and rotational use by operating forces and are a focal point for security cooperation activities. Also called CSL. See also forward operating site; main operating base. (CJCS CM-0007-05) coordinated fire line — A line beyond which conventional and indirect surface fire support means may fire at any time within the boundaries of the establishing headquarters 76 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 without additional coordination. The purpose of the coordinated fire line is to expedite the surface-to-surface attack of targets beyond the coordinated fire line without coordination with the ground commander in whose area the targets are located. Also called CFL. See also fire support. (JP 3-09) Coordinated Universal Time — An atomic time scale that is the basis for broadcast time signals. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) differs from International Atomic Time by an integral number of seconds; it is maintained within 0.9 seconds of UT1 (see Universal Time) by introduction of Leap Seconds. The rotational orientation of the Earth, specified by UT1, may be obtained to an accuracy of a tenth of a second by applying the UTC to the increment DUT1 (where DUT1 = UT1 - UTC) that is broadcast in code with the time signals. Also called UTC. See also Universal Time; ZULU Time. coordinates — (*) Linear or angular quantities which designate the position that a point occupies in a given reference frame or system. Also used as a general term to designate the particular kind of reference frame or system such as plane rectangular coordinates or spherical coordinates. See also geographic coordinates; grid coordinates. (JP 2-03) coordinating agency — An agency that supports the incident management mission by providing the leadership, expertise, and authorities to implement critical and specific aspects of the response. Responsible for orchestrating a coordinated response, provides staff for operations functions, notifies and tasks cooperating agencies, manages tasks with cooperating agencies, works with private-sector organizations, communicates ongoing activities to organizational elements, plans for short- and long-term incident management and maintains trained personnel to execute their appropriate support responsibilities. (JP 3-28) coordinating altitude — An airspace coordinating measure that uses altitude to separate users and as the transition between different airspace coordinating entities.. (JP 3-52) coordinating authority — A commander or individual assigned responsibility for coordinating specific functions or activities involving forces of two or more Military Departments, two or more joint force components, or two or more forces of the same Service. The commander or individual has the authority to require consultation between the agencies involved, but does not have the authority to compel agreement. In the event that essential agreement cannot be obtained, the matter shall be referred to the appointing authority. Coordinating authority is a consultation relationship, not an authority through which command may be exercised. Coordinating authority is more applicable to planning and similar activities than to operations. (JP 1) coordinating point — (*) Designated point at which, in all types of combat, adjacent units/formations must make contact for purposes of control and coordination. coordinating review authority — An agency appointed by a Service or combatant command to coordinate with and assist the primary review authority in joint doctrine JP 1-02 77 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 development and maintenance. Each Service or combatant command must assign a coordinating review authority. When authorized by the appointing Service or combatant command, coordinating review authority comments provided to designated primary review authorities will represent the position of the appointing Service or combatant command with regard to the publication under development. Also called CRA. See also joint doctrine; joint publication; lead agent; primary review authority. (CJCSI 5120.02) corps support command — Provides corps logistic support and command and control of water supply battalions. (JP 4-01.6) cost-plus award fee contract — A type of contract that provides for a payment consisting of a base amount fixed at inception of the contract along with an award amount that is based upon a judgmental evaluation by the United States Government. (JP 4-10) cost-type contract — A contract that provides for payment to the contractor of allowable cost, to the extent prescribed in the contract, incurred in performance of the contract. (JP 4-10) counterair — A mission that integrates offensive and defensive operations to attain and maintain a desired degree of air superiority. Counterair missions are designed to destroy or negate enemy aircraft and missiles, both before and after launch. See also air superiority; mission; offensive counterair. (JP 3-01) counterdeception — Efforts to negate, neutralize, diminish the effects of, or gain advantage from a foreign deception operation. Counterdeception does not include the intelligence function of identifying foreign deception operations. See also deception. (JP 3-13.4) counterdrug — Those active measures taken to detect, monitor, and counter the production, trafficking, and use of illegal drugs. Also called CD and counternarcotics (CN). (JP 3-07.4) counterdrug activities — Those measures taken to detect, interdict, disrupt, or curtail any activity that is reasonably related to illicit drug trafficking. This includes, but is not limited to, measures taken to detect, interdict, disrupt, or curtail activities related to substances, materiel, weapons, or resources used to finance, support, secure, cultivate, process, or transport illegal drugs. (JP 3-07.4) counterdrug nonoperational support — Support provided to law enforcement agencies or host nations that includes loan or lease of equipment without operators, use of facilities (such as buildings, training areas, and ranges), training conducted in formal schools, transfer of excess equipment, or other support provided by the Services from forces not assigned or made available to the combatant commanders. See also counterdrug operational support; counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) 78 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 counterdrug operational support — Support to host nations and drug law enforcement agencies involving military personnel and their associated equipment, provided by the geographic combatant commanders from forces assigned to them or made available to them by the Services for this purpose. See also counterdrug nonoperational support; counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) counterdrug operations — Civil or military actions taken to reduce or eliminate illicit drug trafficking. See also counterdrug; counterdrug nonoperational support; counterdrug operational support. (JP 3-07.4) counterespionage — That aspect of counterintelligence designed to detect, destroy, neutralize, exploit, or prevent espionage activities through identification, penetration, manipulation, deception, and repression of individuals, groups, or organizations conducting or suspected of conducting espionage activities. (JP 2-01.2) counterfire — Fire intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons. counterbattery and countermortar fire. (JP 3-09) Includes counterforce — The employment of strategic air and missile forces in an effort to destroy, or render impotent, selected military capabilities of an enemy force under any of the circumstances by which hostilities may be initiated. counterguerrilla operations — Operations and activities conducted by armed forces, paramilitary forces, or nonmilitary agencies against guerrillas. (JP 3-24) counterinsurgency — Comprehensive civilian and military efforts taken to defeat an insurgency and to address any core grievances. Also called COIN. (JP 3-24) counterintelligence — Information gathered and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons or their agents, or international terrorist organizations or activities. Also called CI. See also counterespionage; security. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence activities — One or more of the five functions of counterintelligence: operations, investigations, collection, analysis and production, and functional services. See also analysis and production; collection; counterintelligence; operation. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence collection — The systematic acquisition of information (through investigations, operations, or liaison) concerning espionage, sabotage, terrorism, other intelligence activities or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons that are directed against or threaten Department of Defense interests. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 79 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 counterintelligence investigation — An official, systematic search for facts to determine whether a person(s) is engaged in activities that may be injurious to US national security or advantageous to a foreign power. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence operational tasking authority — The levying of counterintelligence requirements specific to joint military activities and operations. Counterintelligence operational tasking authority is exercised through supporting components. Also called CIOTA. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence operations — Proactive activities designed to identify, exploit, neutralize, or deter foreign intelligence collection and terrorist activities directed against the United States. See also counterintelligence; operation. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence production — The process of analyzing all-source information concerning espionage or other multidiscipline intelligence collection threats, sabotage, terrorism, and other related threats to US military commanders, the Department of Defense, and the US Intelligence Community and developing it into a final product that is disseminated. Counterintelligence production is used in formulating security policy, plans, and operations. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) counterintelligence support — Conducting counterintelligence activities to protect against espionage and other foreign intelligence activities, sabotage, international terrorist activities, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations, or persons. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) countermeasures — That form of military science that, by the employment of devices and/or techniques, has as its objective the impairment of the operational effectiveness of enemy activity. See also electronic warfare. countermobility operations — The construction of obstacles and emplacement of minefields to delay, disrupt, and destroy the enemy by reinforcement of the terrain. See also minefield; operation; target acquisition. (JP 3-34) counternarcotics — See counterdrug. (JP 3-07.4) counterproliferation — Those actions taken to defeat the threat and/or use of weapons of mass destruction against the United States, our forces, friends, allies, and partners. Also called CP. See also nonproliferation. (JP 3-40) counterreconnaissance — All measures taken to prevent hostile observation of a force, area, or place. countersign — (*) A secret challenge and its reply. countersurveillance — All measures, active or passive, taken to counteract hostile surveillance. See also surveillance. (JP 3-07.2) 80 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 counterterrorism — Actions taken directly against terrorist networks and indirectly to influence and render global and regional environments inhospitable to terrorist networks. Also called CT. See also antiterrorism; combating terrorism; terrorism. (JP 3-26) country team — The senior, in-country, US coordinating and supervising body, headed by the chief of the US diplomatic mission, and composed of the senior member of each represented US department or agency, as desired by the chief of the US diplomatic mission. Also called CT. (JP 3-07.4) coup de main — An offensive operation that capitalizes on surprise and simultaneous execution of supporting operations to achieve success in one swift stroke. (JP 3-0) courier — A messenger (usually a commissioned or warrant officer) responsible for the secure physical transmission and delivery of documents and material. Generally referred to as a command or local courier. course of action — 1. Any sequence of activities that an individual or unit may follow. 2. A scheme developed to accomplish a mission. 3. A product of the course-of-action development step of the joint operation planning process. Also called COA. (JP 5-0) cover — In intelligence usage, those measures necessary to give protection to a person, plan, operation, formation, or installation from the enemy intelligence effort and leakage of information. (JP 2-01.2) covering fire — 1. Fire used to protect troops when they are within range of enemy small arms. 2. In amphibious usage, fire delivered prior to the landing to cover preparatory operations such as underwater demolition or mine countermeasures. (JP 3-02) covering force — 1. A force operating apart from the main force for the purpose of intercepting, engaging, delaying, disorganizing, and deceiving the enemy before the enemy can attack the force covered. 2. Any body or detachment of troops which provides security for a larger force by observation, reconnaissance, attack, or defense, or by any combination of these methods. (JP 3-18) cover (military) — Actions to conceal actual friendly intentions, capabilities, operations, and other activities by providing a plausible yet erroneous explanation of the observable. covert operation — An operation that is so planned and executed as to conceal the identity of or permit plausible denial by the sponsor. See also clandestine operation; overt operation. (JP 3-05) JP 1-02 81 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 coxswain — A person in charge of a small craft (in the Army, a Class B or smaller craft) who often functions as the helmsman. For a causeway ferry, the pilot is in charge with the coxswain performing helmsman functions. See causeway. (JP 4-01.6) crash rescue and fire suppression — Extraction of aircrew members from crashed or burning aircraft and the control of related fires. (JP 3-34) crater — The pit, depression, or cavity formed in the surface of the Earth by an explosion. It may range from saucer shaped to conical, depending largely on the depth of burst. In the case of a deep underground burst, no rupture of the surface may occur. The resulting cavity is termed a “camouflet.” crisis — An incident or situation involving a threat to the United States, its citizens, military forces, or vital interests that develops rapidly and creates a condition of such diplomatic, economic, or military importance that commitment of military forces and resources is contemplated to achieve national objectives. (JP 3-0) crisis action planning — The Adaptive Planning and Execution system process involving the time-sensitive development of joint operation plans and operation orders for the deployment, employment, and sustainment of assigned and allocated forces and resources in response to an imminent crisis. Also called CAP. See also joint operation planning; Joint Operation Planning and Execution System. (JP 5-0) crisis management — Measures to identify, acquire, and plan the use of resources needed to anticipate, prevent, and/or resolve a threat or an act of terrorism. It is predominantly a law enforcement response, normally executed under federal law. Also called CrM. (JP 3-28) critical asset — A specific entity that is of such extraordinary importance that its incapacitation or destruction would have a very serious, debilitating effect on the ability of a nation to continue to function effectively. (JP 3-07.2) critical asset list — A prioritized list of assets, normally identified by phase of the operation and approved by the joint force commander, that should be defended against air and missile threats. Also called the CAL. (JP 3-01) critical capability — A means that is considered a crucial enabler for a center of gravity to function as such and is essential to the accomplishment of the specified or assumed objective(s). (JP 5-0) critical information — Specific facts about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities vitally needed by adversaries for them to plan and act effectively so as to guarantee failure or unacceptable consequences for friendly mission accomplishment. (JP 2-0) critical infrastructure protection — Actions taken to prevent, remediate, or mitigate the risks resulting from vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure assets. Depending on the 82 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 risk, these actions could include: changes in tactics, techniques, or procedures; adding redundancy; selection of another asset; isolation or hardening; guarding, etc. Also called CIP. See also defense critical infrastructure; national critical infrastructure and key assets. (JP 3-28) critical intelligence — Intelligence that is crucial and requires the immediate attention of the commander. It is required to enable the commander to make decisions that will provide a timely and appropriate response to actions by the potential or actual enemy. It includes but is not limited to the following: a. strong indications of the imminent outbreak of hostilities of any type (warning of attack); b. aggression of any nature against a friendly country; c. indications or use of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives weapons; and d. significant events within adversary countries that may lead to modifications of nuclear strike plans. (JP 2-0) critical item — An essential item which is in short supply or expected to be in short supply for an extended period. See also critical supplies and materiel. critical item list — Prioritized list, compiled from a subordinate commander’s composite critical item lists, identifying supply items and weapon systems that assist Service and Defense Logistics Agency’s selection of supply items and systems for production surge planning. Also may be used in operational situations by the combatant commander and/or subordinate joint force commander (within combatant commander directives) to cross-level critical supply items between Service components. Also called CIL. See also critical item. (JP 4-07) criticality assessment — An assessment that identifies key assets and infrastructure that support Department of Defense missions, units, or activities and are deemed mission critical by military commanders or civilian agency managers. It addresses the impact of temporary or permanent loss of key assets or infrastructures to the installation or a unit’s ability to perform its mission. It examines costs of recovery and reconstitution including time, dollars, capability, and infrastructure support. (JP 3-07.2) critical joint duty assignment billet — A joint duty assignment position for which, considering the duties and responsibilities of the position, it is highly important that the assigned officer be particularly trained in, and oriented toward, joint matters. (JP 1-0) critical mass — The minimum amount of fissionable material capable of supporting a chain reaction under precisely specified conditions. critical occupational specialty — A military occupational specialty selected from among the combat arms in the Army or equivalent military specialties in the Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps. Equivalent military specialties are those engaged in operational art in order to attain strategic goals in an operational area through the design, organization, and conduct of campaigns and major operations. Critical occupational specialties are designated by the Secretary of Defense. Also called COS. JP 1-02 83 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 critical point — 1. A key geographical point or position important to the success of an operation. 2. In point of time, a crisis or a turning point in an operation. 3. A selected point along a line of march used for reference in giving instructions. 4. A point where there is a change of direction or change in slope in a ridge or stream. 5. Any point along a route of march where interference with a troop movement may occur. critical requirement — An essential condition, resource, and means for a critical capability to be fully operational. (JP 5-0) critical supplies and materiel — Those supplies vital to the support of operations, which owing to various causes are in short supply or are expected to be in short supply. See also critical item. (JP 4-0) critical sustainability item — Any item described at National Stock Number level of detail, by federal supply class, as part of the logistic factors file, that significantly affect the commander’s ability to execute an operation plan. Also called CSI. critical vulnerability — An aspect of a critical requirement which is deficient or vulnerable to direct or indirect attack that will create decisive or significant effects. (JP 5-0) cross-leveling — The authority and ability to shift materiel inventory from one owner to meet the requirement of another. At the theater strategic level and operational level, it is the process of diverting en route or in-theater materiel from one military element to meet the higher priority of another within the combatant commander’s directive authority for logistics. Cross-leveling plans must include specific reimbursement procedures. (JP 4-07) cross-loading (personnel) — The distribution of leaders, key weapons, personnel, and key equipment among the aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of a formation to preclude the total loss of command and control or unit effectiveness if an aircraft, vessel, or vehicle is lost. It is also an important factor in aiding rapid assembly of units at the drop zone or landing zone. (JP 3-17) cross-servicing — A subset of common-user logistics in which a function is performed by one Military Service in support of another Military Service and for which reimbursement is required from the Service receiving support. See also acquisition and cross-servicing agreement; common-user logistics; servicing. (JP 4-07) cross-targeting (nuclear) — The layering of weapons from different delivery platforms to increase the probability of target damage or destruction. cruise missile — Guided missile, the major portion of whose flight path to its target is conducted at approximately constant velocity; depends on the dynamic reaction of air for lift and upon propulsion forces to balance drag. 84 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 cryptanalysis — The steps and operations performed in converting encrypted messages into plain text without initial knowledge of the key employed in the encryption. cryptochannel — 1. A complete system of crypto-communications between two or more holders. 2. The basic unit for naval cryptographic communication. It includes: a. the cryptographic aids prescribed; b. the holders thereof; c. the indicators or other means of identification; d. the area or areas in which effective; e. the special purpose, if any, for which provided; and f. pertinent notes as to distribution, usage, etc. A cryptochannel is analogous to a radio circuit. cryptographic information — All information significantly descriptive of cryptographic techniques and processes or of cryptographic systems and equipment (or their functions and capabilities) and all cryptomaterial. cryptologic — Of or pertaining to cryptology. cryptology — The science that deals with hidden, disguised, or encrypted communications. It includes communications security and communications intelligence. cryptomaterial — All material including documents, devices, equipment, and apparatus essential to the encryption, decryption, or authentication of telecommunications. When classified, it is designated CRYPTO and subject to special safeguards. cryptosystem — The associated items of cryptomaterial that are used as a unit and provide a single means of encryption and decryption. See also cipher. culminating point — The point at which a force no longer has the capability to continue its form of operations, offense or defense. (JP 5-0) current — A body of water moving in a certain direction and caused by wind and density differences in water. The effects of a current are modified by water depth, underwater topography, basin shape, land masses, and deflection from the earth’s rotation. (JP 4-01.6) current force — The actual force structure and/or manning available to meet present contingencies. See also force. (JP 5-0) current intelligence — One of two categories of descriptive intelligence that is concerned with describing the existing situation. (JP 2-0) current, offshore — Deep water movements caused by tides or seasonal changes in ocean water level. (JP 4-01.6) current, rip — A water movement that flows from the beach through the surf zone in swiftly moving narrow channels. See also surf zone. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 85 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 cusps — Ridges of beach material extending seaward from the beach face with intervening troughs. (JP 4-01.6) custody — 1. The responsibility for the control of, transfer and movement of, and access to, weapons and components. Custody also includes the maintenance of accountability for weapons and components. 2. Temporary restraint of a person. customer direct — A materiel acquisition and distribution method that requires vendor delivery directly to the customer. Also called CD. (JP 4-09) customer wait time — The total elapsed time between issuance of a customer order and satisfaction of that order. Also called CWT. (JP 4-09) Customs Over-The-Horizon Enforcement Network — United States Customs Service long-range voice communications system. Also called COTHEN. (JP 3-07.4) cyber counterintelligence — Measures to identify, penetrate, or neutralize foreign operations that use cyber means as the primary tradecraft methodology, as well as foreign intelligence service collection efforts that use traditional methods to gauge cyber capabilities and intentions. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) cyberspace — A global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers. (CJCS CM-0363-08) cyberspace operations — The employment of cyberspace capabilities where the primary purpose is to achieve military objectives or effects in or through cyberspace. (JP 3-0) 86 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 D daily intelligence summary — A report prepared in message form at the joint force headquarters that provides higher, lateral, and subordinate headquarters with a summary of all significant intelligence produced during the previous 24-hour period. The “as of” time for information, content, and submission time for the report will be as specified by the joint force commander. Also called DISUM. damage assessment — 1. The determination of the effect of attacks on targets. 2. A determination of the effect of a compromise of classified information on national security. (JP 3-60) damage criteria — The critical levels of various effects, such as blast pressure and thermal radiation, required to achieve specified levels of damage. damage estimation — A preliminary appraisal of the potential effects of an attack. See also attack assessment. damage expectancy (nuclear) — The probability that a weapon will arrive, detonate, and achieve at least a specified level of damage (severe or moderate) against a given target. Damage expectancy is a function of both probability of arrival and probability of damage of a weapon. danger close — In close air support, artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support fires, it is the term included in the method of engagement segment of a call for fire which indicates that friendly forces are within close proximity of the target. The close proximity distance is determined by the weapon and munition fired. See also final protective fire. (JP 3-09.3) dangerous cargo — (*) Cargo which, because of its dangerous properties, is subject to special regulations for its transport. data — Representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by automatic means. Any representations such as characters or analog quantities to which meaning is or might be assigned. (JP 3-13) database — Information that is normally structured and indexed for user access and review. Databases may exist in the form of physical files (folders, documents, etc.) or formatted automated data processing system data files. (JP 2-0) data element — 1. A basic unit of information built on standard structures having a unique meaning and distinct units or values. 2. In electronic recordkeeping, a combination of characters or bytes referring to one separate item of information, such as name, address, or age. (JP 1-0) JP 1-02 87 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 data item — A subunit of descriptive information or value classified under a data element. For example, the data element “military personnel grade” contains data items such as sergeant, captain, and colonel. date-time group — The date and time, expressed as six digits followed by the time zone suffix at which the message was prepared for transmission (first pair of digits denotes the date, second pair the hours, third pair the minutes, followed by a three-letter month abbreviation and two-digit year abbreviation.). Also called DTG. (JP 5-0) datum (geodetic) — 1. A reference surface consisting of five quantities: the latitude and longitude of an initial point, the azimuth of a line from that point, and the parameters of the reference ellipsoid. 2. The mathematical model of the earth used to calculate the coordinates on any map. Different nations use different datums for printing coordinates on their maps. The datum is usually referenced in the marginal information of each map. davit — A small crane on a vessel that is used to raise and lower small boats, such as lifeboats, side loadable warping tugs, or causeway sections. (JP 4-01.6) D-day — See times. (JP 3-02) de-arming — An operation in which a weapon is changed from a state of readiness for initiation to a safe condition. Also called safing. See also arm or de-arm. (JP 3-04) debarkation — The unloading of troops, equipment, or supplies from a ship or aircraft. (JP 3-02.1) debarkation schedule —A schedule that provides for the timely and orderly debarkation of troops and equipment and emergency supplies for the waterborne ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02.1) deceased — A casualty status applicable to a person who is either known to have died, determined to have died on the basis of conclusive evidence, or declared to be dead on the basis of a presumptive finding of death. The recovery of remains is not a prerequisite to determining or declaring a person deceased. See also casualty status. decedent effects — Personal effects found on human remains. Also called DE. (JP 4-06) decentralized control — In air defense, the normal mode whereby a higher echelon monitors unit actions, making direct target assignments to units only when necessary to ensure proper fire distribution or to prevent engagement of friendly aircraft. See also centralized control. (JP 3-01) decentralized execution — Delegation of execution authority to subordinate commanders. (JP 3-30) 88 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 deception — Those measures designed to mislead the enemy by manipulation, distortion, or falsification of evidence to induce the enemy to react in a manner prejudicial to the enemy’s interests. See also counterdeception; military deception. (JP 3-13.4) deception action — A collection of related deception events that form a major component of a deception operation. (JP 3-13.4) deception concept — The deception course of action forwarded to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for review as part of the combatant commander’s strategic concept. (JP 3-13.4) deception course of action — A deception scheme developed during the estimate process in sufficient detail to permit decisionmaking. At a minimum, a deception course of action will identify the deception objective, the deception target, the desired perception, the deception story, and tentative deception means. (JP 3-13.4) deception event — A deception means executed at a specific time and location in support of a deception operation. (JP 3-13.4) deception means — Methods, resources, and techniques that can be used to convey information to the deception target. There are three categories of deception means: a. physical means. Activities and resources used to convey or deny selected information to a foreign power. b. technical means. Military material resources and their associated operating techniques used to convey or deny selected information to a foreign power. c. administrative means. Resources, methods, and techniques to convey or deny oral, pictorial, documentary, or other physical evidence to a foreign power. (JP 3-13.4) deception objective — The desired result of a deception operation expressed in terms of what the adversary is to do or not to do at the critical time and/or location. (JP 3-13.4) deception story — A scenario that outlines the friendly actions that will be portrayed to cause the deception target to adopt the desired perception. (JP 3-13.4) deception target — The adversary decision maker with the authority to make the decision that will achieve the deception objective. (JP 3-13.4) decision — In an estimate of the situation, a clear and concise statement of the line of action intended to be followed by the commander as the one most favorable to the successful accomplishment of the assigned mission. (JP 5-0) decision point — A point in space and time when the commander or staff anticipates making a key decision concerning a specific course of action. See also course of action; decision support template; target area of interest. (JP 5-0) JP 1-02 89 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 decision support template — A combined intelligence and operations graphic based on the results of wargaming. The decision support template depicts decision points, timelines associated with movement of forces and the flow of the operation, and other key items of information required to execute a specific friendly course of action. See also course of action; decision point. (JP 2-01.3) decisive point — A geographic place, specific key event, critical factor, or function that, when acted upon, allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an adversary or contribute materially to achieving success. See also center of gravity. (JP 5-0) deck alert — See ground alert. deck status light — A three-colored light (red, amber, green) controlled from the primary flight control. Navy — The light displays the status of the ship to support flight operations. United States Coast Guard — The light displays clearance for a helicopter to conduct a given evolution. (JP 3-04) declassification — The determination that, in the interests of national security, classified information no longer requires any degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure, coupled with removal or cancellation of the classification designation. decompression — In personnel recovery, the process of normalizing psychological and behavioral reactions that recovered isolated personnel experienced or are currently experiencing as a result of their isolation and recovery. (JP 3-50) decontamination — The process of making any person, object, or area safe by absorbing, destroying, neutralizing, making harmless, or removing chemical or biological agents, or by removing radioactive material clinging to or around it. (JP 3-11) decontamination station — (*) A building or location suitably equipped and organized where personnel and materiel are cleansed of chemical, biological, or radiological contaminants. decoy — An imitation in any sense of a person, object, or phenomenon which is intended to deceive enemy surveillance devices or mislead enemy evaluation. Also called dummy. defended asset list — In defensive counterair operations, a listing of those assets from the critical asset list prioritized by the joint force commander to be defended with the resources available. Also called DAL. (JP 3-01) Defense Communications System — Department of Defense long-haul voice, data, and record traffic system which includes the Defense Data Network, Defense Satellite Communications System, and Defense Switched Network. Also called DCS. See also Defense Switched Network. (JP 3-07.4) 90 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 defense coordinating element — A staff and military liaison officers who assist the defense coordinating officer in facilitating coordination and support to activated emergency support functions. Also called DCE. (JP 3-28) defense coordinating officer — Department of Defense single point of contact for domestic emergencies. Assigned to a joint field office to process requirements for military support, forward mission assignments through proper channels to the appropriate military organizations, and assign military liaisons, as appropriate, to activated emergency support functions. Also called DCO. (JP 3-28) defense critical infrastructure — Department of Defense and non-Department of Defense networked assets and essential to project, support, and sustain military forces and operations worldwide. Also called DCI. (JP 3-27) defense emergency — An emergency condition that exists when: a. a major attack is made upon US forces overseas or on allied forces in any theater and is confirmed by either the commander of a command established by the Secretary of Defense or higher authority; or b. an overt attack of any type is made upon the United States and is confirmed either by the commander of a command established by the Secretary of Defense or higher authority. defense human intelligence executor — The senior Department of Defense intelligence official as designated by the head of each of the Department of Defense components who are authorized to conduct human intelligence and related intelligence activities. Also called DHE. (JP 2-01.2) defense industrial base — The Department of Defense, government, and private sector worldwide industrial complex with capabilities to perform research and development, design, produce, and maintain military weapon systems, subsystems, components, or parts to meet military requirements. (JP 3-27) defense information infrastructure — The shared or interconnected system of computers, communications, data applications, security, people, training, and other support structures serving Department of Defense (DOD) local, national, and worldwide information needs. The defense information infrastructure connects DOD mission support, command and control, and intelligence computers through voice, telecommunications, imagery, video, and multimedia services. It provides information processing and services to subscribers over the Defense Information Systems Network and includes command and control, tactical, intelligence, and commercial communications systems used to transmit DOD information. Also called DII. See also global information infrastructure; information; infrastructure; national information infrastructure. (JP 3-13) Defense Information Systems Network — Integrated network, centrally managed and configured to provide long-haul information transfer services for all Department of Defense activities. It is an information transfer utility designed to provide dedicated JP 1-02 91 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 point-to-point, switched voice and data, imagery, and video teleconferencing services. Also called DISN. (JP 6-0) defense message system — Consists of all hardware, software, procedures, standards, facilities, and personnel used to exchange messages electronically. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program — Military weather satellite controlled by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Also called DMSP. defense readiness condition — A uniform system of progressive alert postures for use between the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the commanders of unified and specified commands and for use by the Services. Defense readiness conditions are graduated to match situations of varying military severity (status of alert). Defense readiness conditions are identified by the short title DEFCON (5), (4), (3), (2), and (1), as appropriate. Also called DEFCON. Defense Satellite Communications System — Geosynchronous military communications satellites that provide high data rate communications for military forces, diplomatic corps, and the White House. The Defense Satellite Communications System provides long-haul super-high frequency 7/8 gigahertz voice and high data rate communications for fixed and transportable terminals, and extends mobile service to a limited number of ships and aircraft. Also called DSCS. (JP 3-14) defense sexual assault incident database — A Department of Defense database that captures and serves as the reporting source for all sexual assault data collected by the Services. Also called DSAID. (JP 1-0) defense support of civil authorities — Support provided by US Federal military forces, Department of Defense civilians, Department of Defense contract personnel, Department of Defense component assets, and National Guard forces (when the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the governors of the affected states, elects and requests to use those forces in Title 32, United States Code, status) in response to requests for assistance from civil authorities for domestic emergencies, law enforcement support, and other domestic activities, or from qualifying entities for special events. Also called DSCA. Also known as civil support. (DODD 3025.18) Defense Support Program — Satellites that provide early warning of missile launches; the first line of defense against missile attack against North America. Also called DSP. (JP 3-14) defense support to public diplomacy — Those activities and measures taken by the Department of Defense components to support and facilitate public diplomacy efforts of the United States Government. Also called DSPD. (JP 3-13) 92 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Defense Switched Network — Component of the Defense Communications System that handles Department of Defense voice, data, and video communications. Also called DSN. See also Defense Communications System. (JP 6-0) Defense Transportation System — That portion of the Nation’s transportation infrastructure that supports Department of Defense common-user transportation needs across the range of military operations. It consists of those common-user military and commercial assets, services, and systems organic to, contracted for, or controlled by the Department of Defense. Also called DTS. See also common-user transportation; transportation system. (JP 4-01) defensive counterair — All defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace. Also called DCA. See also counterair; offensive counterair. (JP 3-01) defensive minefield — 1. In naval mine warfare, a minefield laid in international waters or international straits with the declared intention of controlling shipping in defense of sea communications. 2. In land mine warfare, a minefield laid in accordance with an established plan to prevent a penetration between positions and to strengthen the defense of the positions themselves. See also minefield. (JP 3-15) defensive sea area — A sea area, usually including the approaches to and the waters of important ports, harbors, bays, or sounds, for the control and protection of shipping; for the safeguarding of defense installations bordering on waters of the areas; and for provision of other security measures required within the specified areas. It does not extend seaward beyond the territorial waters. See also maritime control area. defensive space control — Operations conducted to preserve the ability to exploit space capabilities via active and passive actions, while protecting friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards. (JP 3-14) defilade — 1. Protection from hostile observation and fire provided by an obstacle such as a hill, ridge, or bank. 2. A vertical distance by which a position is concealed from enemy observation. 3. To shield from enemy fire or observation by using natural or artificial obstacles. (JP 3-09) definitive care — Care rendered to conclusively manage a patient’s condition. It includes the full range of preventive, curative acute, convalescent, restorative, and rehabilitative medical care. This normally leads to rehabilitation, return to duty, or discharge from the Service. (JP 4-02) degaussing — The process whereby a ship’s magnetic field is reduced by the use of electromagnetic coils, permanent magnets, or other means. (JP 3-15) degree of risk — As specified by the commander, the risk to which friendly forces may be subjected from the effects of the detonation of a nuclear weapon used in the attack of a JP 1-02 93 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 close-in enemy target; acceptable degrees of risk under differing tactical conditions are emergency, moderate, and negligible. See also negligible risk (nuclear). delayed entry program — A program under which an individual may enlist in a Reserve Component of a military service and specify a future reporting date for entry on active duty that would coincide with availability of training spaces and with personal plans such as high school graduation. Also called DEP. See also active duty. (JP 4-05) delaying action — See delaying operation. delaying operation — An operation in which a force under pressure trades space for time by slowing down the enemy’s momentum and inflicting maximum damage on the enemy without, in principle, becoming decisively engaged. (JP 3-04) delegation of authority — The action by which a commander assigns part of his or her authority commensurate with the assigned task to a subordinate commander. While ultimate responsibility cannot be relinquished, delegation of authority carries with it the imposition of a measure of responsibility. The extent of the authority delegated must be clearly stated. deliberate planning — 1. The Adaptive Planning and Execution system process involving the development of joint operation plans for contingencies identified in joint strategic planning documents. 2. A planning process for the deployment and employment of apportioned forces and resources that occurs in response to a hypothetical situation. (JP 5-0) demilitarized zone — A defined area in which the stationing or concentrating of military forces, or the retention or establishment of military installations of any description, is prohibited. (JP 3-07.3) demobilization — The process of transitioning a conflict or wartime military establishment and defense-based civilian economy to a peacetime configuration while maintaining national security and economic vitality. See also mobilization. (JP 4-05) demonstration — 1. An attack or show of force on a front where a decision is not sought, made with the aim of deceiving the enemy. See also amphibious demonstration; diversion. 2. In military deception, a show of force in an area where a decision is not sought that is made to deceive an adversary. It is similar to a feint but no actual contact with the adversary is intended. (JP 3-13.4) denial measure — An action to hinder or deny the enemy the use of territory, personnel, or facilities to include destruction, removal, contamination, or erection of obstructions. (JP 3-15) denied area — An area under enemy or unfriendly control in which friendly forces cannot expect to operate successfully within existing operational constraints and force capabilities. (JP 3-05) 94 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 departmental intelligence — Intelligence that any department or agency of the Federal Government requires to execute its own mission. Department of Defense civilian — A Federal civilian employee of the Department of Defense directly hired and paid from appropriated or nonappropriated funds, under permanent or temporary appointment. (JP 1-0) Department of Defense components — The Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Military Departments, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the combatant commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Department of Defense agencies, field activities, and all other organizational entities in the Department of Defense. (JP 1) Department of Defense construction agent — The Corps of Engineers, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, or other such approved Department of Defense activity, that is assigned design or execution responsibilities associated with military construction programs, facilities support, or civil engineering support to the combatant commanders in contingency operations. See also contingency operation. (JP 3-34) Department of Defense container system — All Department of Defense owned, leased, and controlled 20- or 40-foot intermodal International Organization for Standardization containers and flatracks, supporting equipment such as generator sets and chassis, container handling equipment, information systems, and other infrastructure that supports Department of Defense transportation and logistic operations, including commercially provided transportation services. This also includes 463L pallets, nets, and tie down equipment as integral components of the Department of Defense container system. See also container-handling equipment; containerization; International Organization for Standardization. (JP 4-09) Department of Defense Intelligence Information System — The combination of Department of Defense personnel, procedures, equipment, computer programs, and supporting communications that support the timely and comprehensive preparation and presentation of intelligence and information to military commanders and national-level decision makers. Also called DODIIS. (JP 2-0) Department of Defense Intelligence Information System Enterprise — The global set of resources (people, facilities, hardware, software and processes) that provide information technology and information management services to the military intelligence community through a tightly-integrated, interconnected and geographically distributed regional service center architecture. (JP 2-0) Department of Defense intelligence production — The integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of information from single or multiple sources into finished intelligence for known or anticipated military and related national security consumer requirements. (JP 2-0) JP 1-02 95 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Department of Defense support to counterdrug operations — Support provided by the Department of Defense to law enforcement agencies to detect, monitor, and counter the production, trafficking, and use of illegal drugs. See also counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) Department of the Air Force — The executive part of the Department of the Air Force at the seat of government and all field headquarters, forces, Reserve Components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Air Force. Also called DAF. See also Military Department. Department of the Army — The executive part of the Department of the Army at the seat of government and all field headquarters, forces, Reserve Components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Army. Also called DA. See also Military Department. Department of the Navy — The executive part of the Department of the Navy at the seat of government; the headquarters, US Marine Corps; the entire operating forces of the United States Navy and of the US Marine Corps, including the Reserve Components of such forces; all field activities, headquarters, forces, bases, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Navy; and the US Coast Guard when operating as a part of the Navy pursuant to law. Also called DON. See also Military Department. departure airfield — An airfield on which troops and/or materiel are enplaned for flight. See also airfield. (JP 3-17) departure point — 1. A navigational check point used by aircraft as a marker for setting course. (JP 3-17) 2. In amphibious operations, an air control point at the seaward end of the helicopter approach lane system from which helicopter waves are dispatched along the selected helicopter approach lane to the initial point. (JP 3-02) dependents/immediate family — An employee’s spouse; children who are unmarried and under age 21 years or who, regardless of age, are physically or mentally incapable of self-support; dependent parents, including step and legally adoptive parents of the employee’s spouse; and dependent brothers and sisters, including step and legally adoptive brothers and sisters of the employee’s spouse who are unmarried and under 21 years of age or who, regardless of age, are physically or mentally incapable of selfsupport. (JP 3-68) deployed nuclear weapons — 1. When used in connection with the transfer of weapons between the Department of Energy and the Department of Defense, this term describes those weapons transferred to and in the custody of the Department of Defense. 2. Those nuclear weapons specifically authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to be transferred to the custody of the storage facilities or carrying or delivery units of the Armed Forces. 96 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 deployment — 1. In naval usage, the change from a cruising approach or contact disposition to a disposition for battle. 2. The movement of forces within operational areas. 3. The positioning of forces into a formation for battle. 4. The relocation of forces and materiel to desired operational areas. Deployment encompasses all activities from origin or home station through destination, specifically including intra-continental United States, intertheater, and intratheater movement legs, staging, and holding areas. See also deployment order; deployment planning; prepare to deploy order. (JP 4-0) deployment health surveillance — The regular or repeated collection, analysis, archiving, interpretation, and distribution of health-related data used for monitoring the health of a population or of individuals, and for intervening in a timely manner to prevent, treat, or control the occurrence of disease or injury. It includes occupational and environmental health surveillance and medical surveillance subcomponents. (JP 4-02) deployment order — A planning directive from the Secretary of Defense, issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that authorizes and directs the transfer of forces between combatant commands by reassignment or attachment. Also called DEPORD. See also deployment; deployment planning; prepare to deploy order. (JP 5-0) deployment planning — Operational planning directed toward the movement of forces and sustainment resources from their original locations to a specific operational area for conducting the joint operations contemplated in a given plan. See also deployment; deployment order; prepare to deploy order. (JP 5-0) depot — 1. supply — An activity for the receipt, classification, storage, accounting, issue, maintenance, procurement, manufacture, assembly, research, salvage, or disposal of material. 2. personnel — An activity for the reception, processing, training, assignment, and forwarding of personnel replacements. (JP 4-0) depot maintenance — That maintenance performed on materiel requiring major overhaul or a complete rebuild of parts, assemblies, subassemblies, and end-items, including the manufacture of parts, modifications, testing, and reclamation as required. Depot maintenance serves to support lower categories of maintenance by providing technical assistance and performing that maintenance beyond their responsibility. Depot maintenance provides stocks of serviceable equipment by using more extensive facilities for repair than are available in lower level maintenance activities. designated planning agent — The commander responsible for planning, coordinating, and executing military taskings in civil emergencies for a particular branch or agency of the Department of Defense. (JP 3-28) design basis threat — The threat against which an asset must be protected and upon which the protective system’s design is based. It is the baseline type and size of threat that buildings or other structures are designed to withstand. The design basis threat includes JP 1-02 97 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 the tactics aggressors will use against the asset and the tools, weapons, and explosives employed in these tactics. Also called DBT. (JP 3-07.2) desired mean point of impact — A precise point, associated with a target, and assigned as the center for impact of multiple weapons or area munitions to create a desired effect. May be defined descriptively, by grid reference, or by geolocation. Also called DMPI. See also aimpoint; desired point of impact. (JP 3-60) desired perception — In military deception, what the deception target must believe for it to make the decision that will achieve the deception objective. (JP 3-13.4) desired point of impact — A precise point, associated with a target, and assigned as the impact point for a single unitary weapon to create a desired effect. May be defined descriptively, by grid preferences, or geolocation. Also called DPI. See also aimpoint; desired mean point of impact. (JP 3-60) destroyed — A condition of a target so damaged that it can neither function as intended nor be restored to a usable condition. In the case of a building, all vertical supports and spanning members are damaged to such an extent that nothing is salvageable. In the case of bridges, all spans must have dropped and all piers must require replacement. destruction fire — Fire delivered for the sole purpose of destroying material objects. detainee — A term used to refer to any person captured or otherwise detained by an armed force. (JP 3-63) detainee collecting point — A facility or other location where detainees are assembled for subsequent movement to a detainee processing station. detainee processing station — A facility or other location where detainees are administratively processed and provided custodial care pending disposition and subsequent release, transfer, or movement to a prisoner-of-war or civilian internee camp. detection — 1. In tactical operations, the perception of an object of possible military interest but unconfirmed by recognition. 2. In surveillance, the determination and transmission by a surveillance system that an event has occurred. 3. In arms control, the first step in the process of ascertaining the occurrence of a violation of an arms control agreement. 4. In chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environments, the act of locating chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards by use of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear detectors or monitoring and/or survey teams. See also hazard. (JP 3-11) deterrence — The prevention of action by the existence of a credible threat of unacceptable counteraction and/or belief that the cost of action outweighs the perceived benefits. (JP 3-0) 98 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 deterrent options — A course of action, developed on the best economic, diplomatic, and military judgment, designed to dissuade an adversary from a current course of action or contemplated operations. (JP 5-0) development assistance. Programs, projects, and activities carried out by the United States Agency for International Development that improve the lives of the citizens of developing countries while furthering United States foreign policy interests in expanding democracy and promoting free market economic growth. (JP 3-08) died of wounds received in action — A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who dies of wounds or other injuries received in action after having reached a medical treatment facility. Also called DWRIA. See also casualty category. diplomatic authorization — (*) Authority for overflight or landing obtained at government-to-government level through diplomatic channels. direct action — Short-duration strikes and other small-scale offensive actions conducted as a special operation in hostile, denied, or diplomatically sensitive environments and which employ specialized military capabilities to seize, destroy, capture, exploit, recover, or damage designated targets. Also called DA. See also special operations; special operations forces. (JP 3-05) direct air support center — The principal air control agency of the US Marine air command and control system responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the ground combat element. It processes and coordinates requests for immediate air support and coordinates air missions requiring integration with ground forces and other supporting arms. It normally collocates with the senior fire support coordination center within the ground combat element and is subordinate to the tactical air command center. Also called DASC. See also Marine air command and control system; tactical air operations center. (JP 3-09.3) direct air support center (airborne) — An airborne aircraft equipped with the necessary staff personnel, communications, and operations facilities to function as a direct air support center. Also called DASC(A). See also direct air support center. (JP 3-09.3) directed energy — An umbrella term covering technologies that relate to the production of a beam of concentrated electromagnetic energy or atomic or subatomic particles. Also called DE. See also directed-energy device; directed-energy weapon. (JP 3-09) directed-energy device — A system using directed energy primarily for a purpose other than as a weapon. Directed-energy devices may produce effects that could allow the device to be used as a weapon against certain threats; for example, laser rangefinders and designators used against sensors that are sensitive to light. See also directed energy; directed-energy weapon. JP 1-02 99 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Directed-energy protective measures — That division of directed-energy warfare involving actions taken to protect friendly equipment, facilities, and personnel to ensure friendly effective uses of the electromagnetic spectrum that are threatened by hostile directed-energy weapons and devices. directed-energy warfare — Military action involving the use of directed-energy weapons, devices, and countermeasures to either cause direct damage or destruction of enemy equipment, facilities, and personnel, or to determine, exploit, reduce, or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum through damage, destruction, and disruption. It also includes actions taken to protect friendly equipment, facilities, and personnel and retain friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also called DEW. See also directed energy; directed-energy device; directed-energy weapon; electromagnetic spectrum; electronic warfare. directed-energy weapon — A system using directed energy primarily as a direct means to damage or destroy enemy equipment, facilities, and personnel. See also directed energy; directed-energy device. direct fire — Fire delivered on a target using the target itself as a point of aim for either the weapon or the director. (JP 3-09.3) direction — In artillery and naval gunfire support, a term used by a spotter and/or observer in a call for fire to indicate the bearing of the spotting line. See also bearing; naval gunfire support; spotter. (JP 2-0) directional gyro indicator — An azimuth gyro with a direct display and means for setting the datum to a specified compass heading. direction finding — A procedure for obtaining bearings of radio frequency emitters by using a highly directional antenna and a display unit on an intercept receiver or ancillary equipment. directive authority for logistics — Combatant commander authority to issue directives to subordinate commanders, including peacetime measures, necessary to ensure the effective execution of approved operation plans. Essential measures include the optimized use or reallocation of available resources and prevention or elimination of redundant facilities and/or overlapping functions among the Service component commands. Also called DAFL. See also combatant command (command authority); logistics. (JP 1) direct laying — Laying in which the sights of weapons are aligned directly on the target. Normally used in conjunction with mortars and sometimes artillery. See also lay. direct liaison authorized — That authority granted by a commander (any level) to a subordinate to directly consult or coordinate an action with a command or agency 100 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 within or outside of the granting command. Direct liaison authorized is more applicable to planning than operations and always carries with it the requirement of keeping the commander granting direct liaison authorized informed. Direct liaison authorized is a coordination relationship, not an authority through which command may be exercised. Also called DIRLAUTH. (JP 1) director of mobility forces — Normally a senior officer who is familiar with the area of responsibility or joint operations area and possesses an extensive background in air mobility operations. When established, the director of mobility forces serves as the designated agent for all air mobility issues in the area of responsibility or joint operations area, and for other duties as directed. The director of mobility forces exercises coordinating authority between the air operations center (or appropriate theater command and control node), the tanker airlift control center, the air mobility operations control center (when established and when supporting subordinate command objectives), and the joint movement center, in order to expedite the resolution of air mobility issues. The director of mobility forces may be sourced from the theater’s organizations or US Transportation Command. Additionally, the director of mobility forces, when designated, will ensure the effective integration of intertheater and intratheater air mobility operations, and facilitate the conduct of intratheater air mobility operations. Also called DIRMOBFOR. See also air and space operations center; coordinating authority; joint movement center; 618th Tanker Airlift Control Center. (JP 3-17) direct support — A mission requiring a force to support another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly to the supported force’s request for assistance. Also called DS. See also close support; general support; mission; mutual support; support. (JP 3-09.3) disabling fire — The firing of ordnance by ships or aircraft at the steering or propulsion system of a vessel. The intent is to disable with minimum injury to personnel or damage to vessel. disaffected person — A person who is alienated or estranged from those in authority or lacks loyalty to the government; a state of mind. disarmament — The reduction of a military establishment to some level set by international agreement. See also arms control agreement. (JP 3-0) disaster assistance response team — A team of specialists, trained in a variety of disaster relief skills, rapidly deployed to assist US embassies and United States Agency for International Development missions with the management of US Government response to disasters. Also called DART. See also foreign disaster; foreign disaster relief. (JP 3-08) JP 1-02 101 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 disaster control — Measures taken before, during, or after hostile action or natural or manmade disasters to reduce the probability of damage, minimize its effects, and initiate recovery. See also area damage control. disease and nonbattle injury — All illnesses and injuries not resulting from enemy or terrorist action or caused by conflict. Indigenous disease pathogens, biological warfare agents, heat and cold, hazardous noise, altitude, environmental, occupational, and industrial exposures, and other naturally occurring disease agents may cause disease and nonbattle injury. Disease and nonbattle injuries include injuries and illnesses resulting from training or from occupational, environmental, or recreational activities, and may result in short- or long-term, acute, or delayed illness, injury, disability, or death. Also called DNBI. (JP 4-02) disease and nonbattle injury casualty — A person who is not a battle casualty but who is lost to the organization by reason of disease or injury, including persons dying of disease or injury, by reason of being missing where the absence does not appear to be voluntary, or due to enemy action or being interned. Also called DNBI casualty. (JP 4-02) disembarkation schedule — See debarkation schedule. disengagement — In arms control, a general term for proposals that would result in the geographic separation of opposing nonindigenous forces without directly affecting indigenous military forces. dislocated civilian — A broad term primarily used by the Department of Defense that includes a displaced person, an evacuee, an internally displaced person, a migrant, a refugee, or a stateless person. Also called DC. See also displaced person; evacuee; internally displaced person; migrant; refugee; stateless person. (JP 3-29) dispersal — Relocation of forces for the purpose of increasing survivability. See also dispersion. dispersal airfield — An airfield, military or civil, to which aircraft might move before H-hour on either a temporary duty or permanent change of station basis and be able to conduct operations. See also airfield. dispersion — (*) 1. A scattered pattern of hits around the mean point of impact of bombs and projectiles dropped or fired under identical conditions. 2. In antiaircraft gunnery, the scattering of shots in range and deflection about the mean point of explosion. 3. The spreading or separating of troops, materiel, establishments, or activities which are usually concentrated in limited areas to reduce vulnerability. 4. In chemical and biological operations, the dissemination of agents in liquid or aerosol form. 5. In airdrop operations, the scatter of personnel and/or cargo on the drop zone. 6. (DOD only) In naval control of shipping, the reberthing of a ship in the periphery of the port area or in the vicinity of the port for its own protection in order to minimize the risk of damage from attack. See also circular error probable. 102 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 displaced person — A broad term used to refer to internally and externally displaced persons collectively. See also evacuee; refugee. (JP 3-29) display — In military deception, a static portrayal of an activity, force, or equipment intended to deceive the adversary’s visual observation. (JP 3-13.4) dissemination and integration — In intelligence usage, the delivery of intelligence to users in a suitable form and the application of the intelligence to appropriate missions, tasks, and functions. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) distant retirement area — In amphibious operations, the sea area located to seaward of the landing area. This area is divided into a number of operating areas to which assault ships may retire and operate in the event of adverse weather or to prevent concentration of ships in the landing area. See also amphibious operation; landing area. (JP 3-02) distressed person — An individual who requires search and rescue assistance to remove he or she from life-threatening or isolating circumstances in a permissive environment. (JP 3-50) distribution — 1. The arrangement of troops for any purpose, such as a battle, march, or maneuver. 2. A planned pattern of projectiles about a point. 3. A planned spread of fire to cover a desired frontage or depth. 4. An official delivery of anything, such as orders or supplies. 5. The operational process of synchronizing all elements of the logistic system to deliver the “right things” to the “right place” at the “right time” to support the geographic combatant commander. 6. The process of assigning military personnel to activities, units, or billets. (JP 4-0) distribution manager — The executive agent for managing distribution with the combatant commander’s area of responsibility. See also area of responsibility; distribution. (JP 4-09) distribution pipeline — Continuum or channel through which the Department of Defense conducts distribution operations. The distribution pipeline represents the end-to-end flow of resources from supplier to consumer and, in some cases, back to the supplier in retrograde activities. See also distribution; pipeline. (JP 4-09) distribution plan — A reporting system comprising reports, updates, and information systems feeds that articulate the requirements of the theater distribution system to the strategic and operational resources assigned responsibility for support to the theater. It portrays the interface of the physical, financial, information and communications networks for gaining visibility of the theater distribution system and communicates control activities necessary for optimizing capacity of the system. It depicts, and is continually updated to reflect changes in, infrastructure, support relationships, and customer locations to all elements of the distribution system (strategic operational, and tactical). See also distribution; distribution system; theater distribution; theater distribution system. (JP 4-09) JP 1-02 103 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 distribution point — A point at which supplies and/or ammunition, obtained from supporting supply points by a division or other unit, are broken down for distribution to subordinate units. Distribution points usually carry no stocks; items drawn are issued completely as soon as possible. (JP 4-09) distribution system — That complex of facilities, installations, methods, and procedures designed to receive, store, maintain, distribute, and control the flow of military materiel between the point of receipt into the military system and the point of issue to using activities and units. (JP 4-09) ditching — Controlled landing of a distressed aircraft on water. diversion — 1. The act of drawing the attention and forces of an enemy from the point of the principal operation; an attack, alarm, or feint that diverts attention. 2. A change made in a prescribed route for operational or tactical reasons that does not constitute a change of destination. 3. A rerouting of cargo or passengers to a new transshipment point or destination or on a different mode of transportation prior to arrival at ultimate destination. 4. In naval mine warfare, a route or channel bypassing a dangerous area by connecting one channel to another or it may branch from a channel and rejoin it on the other side of the danger. See also demonstration. (JP 3-03) diversionary landing — An operation in which troops are actually landed for the purpose of diverting enemy reaction away from the main landing. dock landing ship — A ship designed to transport and launch loaded amphibious craft and/or amphibian vehicles with their crews and embarked personnel and/or equipment and to render limited docking and repair services to small ships and craft. Also called LSD. (JP 3-02) doctrine — Fundamental principles by which the military forces or elements thereof guide their actions in support of national objectives. It is authoritative but requires judgment in application. See also multinational doctrine; joint doctrine. domestic emergencies — Emergencies affecting the public welfare and occurring within the 50 states, District of Columbia, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, US possessions and territories, or any political subdivision thereof, as a result of enemy attack, insurrection, civil disturbance, earthquake, fire, flood, or other public disasters or equivalent emergencies that endanger life and property or disrupt the usual process of government. Domestic emergencies include civil defense emergencies, civil disturbances, major disasters, and natural disasters. See also civil defense emergency; civil disturbance; major disaster; natural disaster. (JP 3-27) domestic intelligence — Intelligence relating to activities or conditions within the United States that threaten internal security and that might require the employment of troops; 104 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 and intelligence relating to activities of individuals or agencies potentially or actually dangerous to the security of the Department of Defense. (JP 3-08) dominant user — The Service or multinational partner who is the principal consumer of a particular common-user logistic supply or service within a joint or multinational operation. The dominant user will normally act as the lead Service to provide this particular common-user logistic supply or service to other Service components, multinational partners, other governmental agencies, or nongovernmental agencies as directed by the combatant commander. See also common-user logistics; lead Service or agency for common-user logistics. (JP 4-07) dominant user concept — The concept that the Service that is the principal consumer will have the responsibility for performance of a support workload for all using Services. (JP 4-08) double agent — Agent in contact with two opposing intelligence services, only one of which is aware of the double contact or quasi-intelligence services. Also called DA. (JP 2-01.2) downgrade — To determine that classified information requires, in the interests of national security, a lower degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure than currently provided, coupled with a changing of the classification designation to reflect such a lower degree. (JP 3-08) downloading — An operation that removes airborne weapons or stores from an aircraft. (JP 3-04) draft — 1. The conscription of qualified citizens in military service. See also active duty; Military Service. (JP 4-05) 2. The depth of water that a vessel requires to float freely; the depth of a vessel from the water line to the keel. See also watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) drone — A land, sea, or air vehicle that is remotely or automatically controlled. (JP 3-52) drop altitude — The altitude above mean sea level at which airdrop is executed. See also drop height. (JP 3-17) drop height — The vertical distance between the drop zone and the aircraft. See also drop altitude. (JP 3-17) drop zone — A specific area upon which airborne troops, equipment, or supplies are airdropped. Also called DZ. (JP 3-17) drug interdiction — A continuum of events focused on interrupting illegal drugs smuggled by air, sea, or land. Normally consists of several phases – cueing, detection, sorting, monitoring, interception, handover, disruption, endgame, and apprehension – some which may occur simultaneously. See also counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) JP 1-02 105 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 dry deck shelter — A shelter module that attaches to the hull of a specially configured submarine to provide the submarine with the capability to launch and recover special operations personnel, vehicles, and equipment while submerged. The dry deck shelter provides a working environment at one atmosphere for the special operations element during transit and has structural integrity to the collapse depth of the host submarine. Also called DDS. (JP 3-05.1) dual-capable aircraft — Allied and US fighter aircraft tasked and configured to perform either conventional or theater nuclear missions. Also called DCA. dual (multi)-purpose weapons — Weapons which possess the capability for effective application in two or more basically different military functions and/or levels of conflict. dual-purpose weapon — A weapon designed for delivering effective fire against air or surface targets. dual-role tanker — Dual-role tankers carry support personnel, supplies, and equipment for the deploying force while escorting and/or refueling combat aircraft to the area of responsibility. Dual-role tankers can minimize the total lift requirement while providing critical cargo and personnel at the combat aircraft’s time of arrival. See also air refueling. (JP 3-17) due in — Quantities of materiel scheduled to be received from vendors, repair facilities, assembly operation, interdepot transfers, and other sources. dummy — See decoy. duty status - whereabouts unknown — A transitory casualty status, applicable only to military personnel, that is used when the responsible commander suspects the member may be a casualty whose absence is involuntary, but does not feel sufficient evidence currently exists to make a definite determination of missing or deceased. Also called DUSTWUN. See also casualty status. dwell time — 1. The time cargo remains in a terminal’s in-transit storage area while awaiting shipment by clearance transportation. (JP 4-01.6) 2. The length of time a target is expected to remain in one location. (JP 3-60) 3. The period of time between the release from involuntary active and the reporting date for a subsequent tour of active duty pursuant to Title 10, United States Code, Section 12302. Such time includes any voluntary active duty performed between two periods of involuntary active duty pursuant to Title 10, United States Code, Section 12302. (DODD 1235.10) dynamic targeting — Targeting that prosecutes targets identified too late, or not selected for action in time to be included in deliberate targeting. (JP 3-60) 106 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 dynamic threat assessment — An intelligence assessment developed by the Defense Intelligence Agency that details the threat, capabilities, and intentions of adversaries in each of the priority plans in the Contingency Planning Guidance. Also called DTA. (JP 2-0) JP 1-02 107 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 108 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 E earliest anticipated launch time — The earliest time expected for a special operations tactical element and its supporting platform to depart the staging or marshalling area together en route to the operations area. Also called EALT. (JP 3-05.1) earliest arrival date — A day, relative to C-day, that is specified as the earliest date when a unit, a resupply shipment, or replacement personnel can be accepted at a port of debarkation during a deployment. Also called EAD. See also latest arrival date. (JP 5-0) early warning — (*) Early notification of the launch or approach of unknown weapons or weapons carriers. Also called EW. See also attack assessment; tactical warning. echelon — (*) 1. A subdivision of a headquarters, i.e., forward echelon, rear echelon. 2. Separate level of command. As compared to a regiment, a division is a higher echelon, a battalion is a lower echelon. 3. A fraction of a command in the direction of depth to which a principal combat mission is assigned; i.e., attack echelon, support echelon, reserve echelon. 4. A formation in which its subdivisions are placed one behind another, with a lateral and even spacing to the same side. economic action — The planned use of economic measures designed to influence the policies or actions of another state, e.g., to impair the war-making potential of a hostile power or to generate economic stability within a friendly power. economy of force — The judicious employment and distribution of forces so as to expend the minimum essential combat power on secondary efforts in order to allocate the maximum possible combat power on primary efforts. (JP 3-0) E-day — See times. (JP 3-02.1) effect — 1. The physical or behavioral state of a system that results from an action, a set of actions, or another effect. 2. The result, outcome, or consequence of an action. 3. A change to a condition, behavior, or degree of freedom. (JP 3-0) effective damage — That damage necessary to render a target element inoperative, unserviceable, nonproductive, or uninhabitable. effective US controlled ships — US-owned foreign flagships that can be tasked by the Maritime Administration to support Department of Defense requirements when necessary. Also called EUSCS. (JP 4-01.2) electro-explosive device — An explosive or pyrotechnic component that initiates an explosive, burning, electrical, or mechanical train and is activated by the application of electrical energy. Also called EED. (JP 3-04) JP 1-02 109 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 electromagnetic compatibility — The ability of systems, equipment, and devices that utilize the electromagnetic spectrum to operate in their intended operational environments without suffering unacceptable degradation or causing unintentional degradation because of electromagnetic radiation or response. It involves the application of sound electromagnetic spectrum management; system, equipment, and device design configuration that ensures interference-free operation; and clear concepts and doctrines that maximize operational effectiveness. Also called EMC. See also electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic spectrum management; electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic deception — The deliberate radiation, re-radiation, alteration, suppression, absorption, denial, enhancement, or reflection of electromagnetic energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information to an enemy or to enemy electromagneticdependent weapons, thereby degrading or neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.4) electromagnetic environment — The resulting product of the power and time distribution, in various frequency ranges, of the radiated or conducted electromagnetic emission levels that may be encountered by a military force, system, or platform when performing its assigned mission in its intended operational environment. It is the sum of electromagnetic interference; electromagnetic pulse; hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel, ordnance, and volatile materials; and natural phenomena effects of lightning and precipitation static. Also called EME. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic environmental effects — The impact of the electromagnetic environment upon the operational capability of military forces, equipment, systems, and platforms. It encompasses all electromagnetic disciplines, including electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference; electromagnetic vulnerability; electromagnetic pulse; electronic protection, hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel, ordnance, and volatile materials; and natural phenomena effects of lightning and precipitation static. Also called E3. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic hardening — Action taken to protect personnel, facilities, and/or equipment by filtering, attenuating, grounding, bonding, and/or shielding against undesirable effects of electromagnetic energy. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic interference — Any electromagnetic disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of electronics and electrical equipment. It can be induced intentionally, as in some forms of electronic warfare, or unintentionally, as a result of spurious emissions and responses, intermodulation products, and the like. Also called EMI. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic intrusion — The intentional insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths in any manner, with the objective of deceiving operators or of causing confusion. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) 110 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 electromagnetic jamming — The deliberate radiation, reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy for the purpose of preventing or reducing an enemy’s effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum, and with the intent of degrading or neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability. See also electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic spectrum management; electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic pulse — The electromagnetic radiation from a strong electronic pulse, most commonly caused by a nuclear explosion that may couple with electrical or electronic systems to produce damaging current and voltage surges. Also called EMP. See also electromagnetic radiation. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic radiation — Radiation made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and propagated with the speed of light. Includes gamma radiation, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation, and radar and radio waves. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic radiation hazards — Hazards caused by transmitter or antenna installation that generates electromagnetic radiation in the vicinity of ordnance, personnel, or fueling operations in excess of established safe levels or increases the existing levels to a hazardous level; or a personnel, fueling, or ordnance installation located in an area that is illuminated by electromagnetic radiation at a level that is hazardous to the planned operations or occupancy. Also called EMR hazards or RADHAZ. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic spectrum — The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity. It is divided into 26 alphabetically designated bands. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electromagnetic spectrum management — Planning, coordinating, and managing joint use of the electromagnetic spectrum through operational, engineering, and administrative procedures. The objective of spectrum management is to enable electronic systems to perform their functions in the intended environment without causing or suffering unacceptable interference. See also electromagnetic spectrum. (JP 6-0) electromagnetic vulnerability — The characteristics of a system that cause it to suffer a definite degradation (incapability to perform the designated mission) as a result of having been subjected to a certain level of electromagnetic environmental effects. Also called EMV. (JP 3-13.1) electronic attack — Division of electronic warfare involving the use of electromagnetic energy, directed energy, or antiradiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability and is considered a form of fires. Also called EA. See also electronic protection; electronic warfare; electronic warfare support. (JP 3-13.1) JP 1-02 111 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 electronic imagery dissemination — The transmission of imagery or imagery products by any electronic means. This includes the following four categories. a. primary imagery dissemination system — The equipment and procedures used in the electronic transmission and receipt of un-exploited original or near-original quality imagery in near real time. b. primary imagery dissemination — The electronic transmission and receipt of unexploited original or near-original quality imagery in near real time through a primary imagery dissemination system. c. secondary imagery dissemination — The electronic transmission and receipt of exploited non-original quality imagery and imagery products in other than real or near real time through a secondary imagery dissemination system. electronic intelligence — Technical and geolocation intelligence derived from foreign noncommunications electromagnetic radiations emanating from other than nuclear detonations or radioactive sources. Also called ELINT. See also electronic warfare; foreign instrumentation signals intelligence; intelligence; signals intelligence. (JP 3-13.1) electronic line of sight — The path traversed by electromagnetic waves that is not subject to reflection or refraction by the atmosphere. electronic masking —The controlled radiation of electromagnetic energy on friendly frequencies in a manner to protect the emissions of friendly communications and electronic systems against enemy electronic warfare support measures/signals intelligence without significantly degrading the operation of friendly systems. (JP 3-13.1) electronic probing — Intentional radiation designed to be introduced into the devices or systems of potential enemies for the purpose of learning the functions and operational capabilities of the devices or systems. (JP 3-13.1) electronic protection — Division of electronic warfare involving actions taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy use of the electromagnetic spectrum that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability. Also called EP. See also electronic attack, electronic warfare; electronic warfare support. (JP 3-13.1) electronic reconnaissance — The detection, location, identification, and evaluation of foreign electromagnetic radiations. See also electromagnetic radiation; reconnaissance. (JP 3-13.1) electronics security — The protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from their interception and study of noncommunications electromagnetic radiations, e.g., radar. (JP 3-13.1) electronic warfare — Military action involving the use of electromagnetic and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy. Electronic warfare consists of three divisions: electronic attack, electronic protection, and electronic warfare support. Also called EW. See also directed energy; 112 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 electromagnetic spectrum; electronic attack; electronic protection; electronic warfare support. (JP 3-13.1) electronic warfare frequency deconfliction — Actions taken to integrate those frequencies used by electronic warfare systems into the overall frequency deconfliction process. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electronic warfare reprogramming — The deliberate alteration or modification of electronic warfare or target sensing systems, or the tactics and procedures that employ them, in response to validated changes in equipment, tactics, or the electromagnetic environment. These changes may be the result of deliberate actions on the part of friendly, adversary or third parties; or may be brought about by electromagnetic interference or other inadvertent phenomena. The purpose of electronic warfare reprogramming is to maintain or enhance the effectiveness of electronic warfare and target sensing system equipment. Electronic warfare reprogramming includes changes to self defense systems, offensive weapons systems, and intelligence collection systems. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electronic warfare support — Division of electronic warfare involving actions tasked by, or under direct control of, an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify, and locate or localize sources of intentional and unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition, targeting, planning and conduct of future operations. Also called ES. See also electronic attack; electronic protection; electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) electro-optical-infrared countermeasure — Any device or technique employing electrooptical-infrared materials or technology that is intended to impair the effectiveness of enemy activity, particularly with respect to precision guided weapons and sensor systems. Electro-optical-infrared is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum between the high end of the far infrared and the low end of ultraviolet. Electro-optical-infrared countermeasure may use laser and broadband jammers, smokes/aerosols, signature suppressants, decoys, pyrotechnics/pyrophorics, high-energy lasers, or directed infrared energy countermeasures. Also called EO-IR CM. (JP 3-13.1) electro-optical intelligence — Intelligence other than signals intelligence derived from the optical monitoring of the electromagnetic spectrum from ultraviolet (0.01 micrometers) through far infrared (1,000 micrometers). Also called ELECTRO-OPTINT. See also intelligence; laser intelligence. (JP 2-0) electro-optics — The technology associated with those components, devices and systems which are designed to interact between the electromagnetic (optical) and the electric (electronic) state. (JP 2-03) element — An organization formed around a specific function within a designated directorate of a joint force commander’s headquarters. The subordinate components of an element usually are functional cells. (JP 3-33) JP 1-02 113 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 elevated causeway system — An elevated causeway pier that provides a means of delivering containers, certain vehicles, and bulk cargo ashore without the lighterage contending with the surf zone. See also causeway. (JP 4-01.6) elicitation (intelligence) — Acquisition of information from a person or group in a manner that does not disclose the intent of the interview or conversation. A technique of human source intelligence collection, generally overt, unless the collector is other than he or she purports to be. (JP 2-01.2) eligible traffic — Traffic for which movement requirements are submitted and space is assigned or allocated. Such traffic must meet eligibility requirements specified in Joint Travel Regulations for the Uniformed Services and publications of the Department of Defense and Military Departments governing eligibility for land, sea, and air transportation, and be in accordance with the guidance of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. embarkation — The process of putting personnel and/or vehicles and their associated stores and equipment into ships and/or aircraft. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation and tonnage table — A consolidated table showing personnel and cargo, by troop or naval units, loaded aboard a combat-loaded ship. embarkation area — An area ashore, including a group of embarkation points, in which final preparations for embarkation are completed and through which assigned personnel and loads for craft and ships are called forward to embark. See also mounting area. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation element — A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport element. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation element normally consists of two or more embarkation teams. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation group — A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport element group. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation group normally consists of two or more embarkation units. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation officer — An officer on the staff of units of the landing force who advises the commander thereof on matters pertaining to embarkation planning and loading ships. See also combat cargo officer. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation order — An order specifying dates, times, routes, loading diagrams, and methods of movement to shipside or aircraft for troops and their equipment. (JP 3-02.1) 114 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 embarkation organization — A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard amphibious shipping. See also embarkation team. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation phase — In amphibious operations, the phase that encompasses the orderly assembly of personnel and materiel and their subsequent loading aboard ships and/or aircraft in a sequence designed to meet the requirements of the landing force concept of operations ashore. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation plans — The plans prepared by the landing force and appropriate subordinate commanders containing instructions and information concerning the organization for embarkation, assignment to shipping, supplies and equipment to be embarked, location and assignment of embarkation areas, control and communication arrangements, movement schedules and embarkation sequence, and additional pertinent instructions relating to the embarkation of the landing force. (JP 3-02) embarkation team — A temporary administrative formation of all personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard one ship. See also embarkation organization. (JP 3-02.1) embarkation unit — A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport unit. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation unit normally consists of two or more embarkation elements. JP 3-02.1) emergency action committee — An organization established at a foreign service post by the chief of mission or principal officer for the purpose of directing and coordinating the post’s response to contingencies. It consists of consular representatives and members of other local US Government agencies in a foreign country who assist in the implementation of a Department of State emergency action plan. Also called EAC. (JP 3-68) emergency authority — A Federal military commander’s authority, in extraordinary emergency circumstances where prior authorization by the President is impossible and duly constituted local authorities are unable to control the situation, to engage temporarily in activities that are necessary to quell large-scale, unexpected civil disturbances because (1) such activities are necessary to prevent significant loss of life or wanton destruction of property and are necessary to restore governmental function and public order or (2) duly constituted Federal, state, or local authorities are unable or decline to provide adequate protection for Federal property or Federal governmental functions. (DODD 3025.18) emergency-essential employee — A Department of Defense civilian employee whose assigned duties and responsibilities must be accomplished following the evacuation of non-essential personnel (including dependents) during a declared emergency or outbreak of war. See also evacuation. (JP 1-0) JP 1-02 115 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 emergency locator beacon — A generic term for all radio beacons used for emergency locating purposes. See also personal locator beacon. (JP 3-50) emergency operations center — The physical location at which the coordination of information and resources to support domestic incident management activities normally takes place. An emergency operations center may be a temporary facility or may be located in a more central or permanently established facility, perhaps at a higher level of organization within a jurisdiction. Emergency operations centers may be organized by major functional disciplines (e.g., fire, law enforcement, and medical services), by jurisdiction (e.g., Federal, state, regional, county, city, tribal), or by some combination thereof. Also called EOC. (JP 3-41) emergency preparedness — Measures taken in advance of an emergency to reduce the loss of life and property and to protect a nation’s institutions from all types of hazards through a comprehensive emergency management program of preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery. Also called EP. (JP 3-28) emergency preparedness liaison officer — A senior reserve officer who represents their Service at the appropriate joint field office conducting planning and coordination responsibilities in support of civil authorities. Also called EPLO. (JP 3-28) emergency repair — The least amount of immediate repair to damaged facilities necessary for the facilities to support the mission. See also facility substitutes. (JP 3-34) emergency resupply — A resupply mission that occurs based on a predetermined set of circumstances and time interval should radio contact not be established or, once established, is lost between a special operations tactical element and its base. See also automatic resupply; on-call resupply. (JP 3-05.1) emergency support functions — A grouping of government and certain private-sector capabilities into an organizational structure to provide the support, resources, program implementation, and services that are most likely to be needed to save lives, protect property and the environment, restore essential services and critical infrastructure, and help victims and communities return to normal, when feasible, following domestic incidents. Also called ESFs. (JP 3-28) emission control — The selective and controlled use of electromagnetic, acoustic, or other emitters to optimize command and control capabilities while minimizing, for operations security: a. detection by enemy sensors; b. mutual interference among friendly systems; and/or c. enemy interference with the ability to execute a military deception plan. Also called EMCON. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) emission control orders — Orders used to authorize, control, or prohibit the use of electronic emission equipment. Also called EMCON orders. See also control of electromagnetic radiation. 116 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 emission security — The component of communications security that results from all measures taken to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from intercept and analysis of compromising emanations from crypto-equipment and telecommunications systems. See also communications security. (JP 6-0) employment — The strategic, operational, or tactical use of forces. (JP 5-0) enabling force — Early deploying forces that establish critical capabilities to facilitate deployment and initial employment (including sustainment) of a force. See also deployment; employment; force. (JP 4-08) end evening civil twilight — The time period when the sun has dropped 6 degrees beneath the western horizon; it is the instant at which there is no longer sufficient light to see objects with the unaided eye. Light intensification devices are recommended from this time until begin morning civil twilight. Also called EECT. end item — A final combination of end products, component parts, and/or materials that is ready for its intended use, e.g., ship, tank, mobile machine shop, or aircraft. end of evening nautical twilight — Occurs when the sun has dropped 12 degrees below the western horizon, and is the instant of last available daylight for the visual control of limited ground operations. At end of evening nautical twilight there is no further sunlight available. (JP 2-01.3) end of mission — In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, an order given to terminate firing on a specific target. See also cease loading. end state — The set of required conditions that defines achievement of the commander’s objectives. (JP 3-0) end-to-end — Joint distribution operations boundaries begin at the point of origin and terminate at the combatant commander’s designated point of need within a desired operational area, including the return of forces and materiel. (JP 4-09) endurance distance — (*) Total distance that a ground vehicle or ship can be selfpropelled at any specified endurance speed. enemy capabilities — Those courses of action of which the enemy is physically capable and that, if adopted, will affect accomplishment of the friendly mission. The term “capabilities” includes not only the general courses of action open to the enemy, such as attack, defense, reinforcement, or withdrawal, but also all the particular courses of action possible under each general course of action. “Enemy capabilities” are considered in the light of all known factors affecting military operations, including time, space, weather, terrain, and the strength and disposition of enemy forces. In strategic thinking, the capabilities of a nation represent the courses of action within the JP 1-02 117 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 power of the nation for accomplishing its national objectives throughout the range of military operations. See also course of action; mission. (JP 2-01.3) enemy combatant — In general, a person engaged in hostilities against the United States or its coalition partners during an armed conflict. Also called EC. (DODD 2310.01E) engage — (*) 1. In air defense, a fire control order used to direct or authorize units and/or weapon systems to fire on a designated target. See also cease engagement; hold fire. 2. (DOD only) To bring the enemy under fire. engagement — 1. In air defense, an attack with guns or air-to-air missiles by an interceptor aircraft, or the launch of an air defense missile by air defense artillery and the missile’s subsequent travel to intercept. (JP 3-01) 2. A tactical conflict, usually between opposing lower echelons maneuver forces. (JP 3-0) See also battle; campaign. engineer support plan — An appendix to the logistics annex or separate annex of an operation plan that identifies the minimum essential engineering services and construction requirements required to support the commitment of military forces. Also called ESP. See also operation plan. (JP 3-34) en route care — Continuation of the provision of care during movement (evacuation) between the health service support capabilities in the continuum of care, without clinically compromising the patient’s condition. See also evacuation; patient. (JP 4-02) environmental baseline survey — A multi-disciplinary site survey conducted prior to or in the initial stage of a joint operational deployment. Also called EBS. See also general engineering. (JP 3-34) environmental considerations — The spectrum of environmental media, resources, or programs that may affect the planning and execution of military operations. (JP 3-34) equipment — In logistics, all nonexpendable items needed to outfit or equip an individual or organization. See also component; supplies. (JP 4-0) escapee — Any person who has been physically captured by the enemy and succeeds in getting free. See also evasion and escape. (JP 3-50) escape line — A planned route to allow personnel engaged in clandestine activity to depart from a site or area when possibility of compromise or apprehension exists. escort — A member of the Armed Forces assigned to accompany, assist, or guide an individual or group, e.g., an escort officer. (JP 4-06) escort forces — Combat forces of various types provided to protect other forces against enemy attack. 118 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 espionage — The act of obtaining, delivering, transmitting, communicating, or receiving information about the national defense with an intent, or reason to believe, that the information may be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation. Espionage is a violation of Title 18 United States Code, Sections 792798 and Article 106, Uniform Code of Military Justice. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) essential care — Medical treatment provided to manage the casualty throughout the range of care. This includes all care and treatment to either return the patient to duty (within the theater evacuation policy), or begin initial treatment required for optimization of outcome, and/or stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation. See also en route care; first responders; forward resuscitative care; patient; theater. (JP 4-02) essential chemicals — In counterdrug operations, compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, but in most cases do not become part of the drug molecule. Essential chemicals are used in the production of cocaine or heroin. (JP 3-07.4) essential elements of friendly information — Key questions likely to be asked by adversary officials and intelligence systems about specific friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities, so they can obtain answers critical to their operational effectiveness. Also called EEFI. (JP 2-01) essential elements of information — The most critical information requirements regarding the adversary and the environment needed by the commander by a particular time to relate with other available information and intelligence in order to assist in reaching a logical decision. Also called EEIs. (JP 2-0) essential task — A specified or implied task that an organization must perform to accomplish the mission that is typically included in the mission statement. See also implied task; specified task. (JP 5-0) establishing directive — An order issued to specify the purpose of the support relationship. (JP 3-02) estimate — 1. An analysis of a foreign situation, development, or trend that identifies its major elements, interprets the significance, and appraises the future possibilities and the prospective results of the various actions that might be taken. 2. An appraisal of the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and potential courses of action of a foreign nation or combination of nations in consequence of a specific national plan, policy, decision, or contemplated course of action. 3. An analysis of an actual or contemplated clandestine operation in relation to the situation in which it is or would be conducted in order to identify and appraise such factors as available as well as needed assets and potential obstacles, accomplishments, and consequences. See also intelligence estimate. (JP 50) JP 1-02 119 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 estimative intelligence — Intelligence that identifies, describes, and forecasts adversary capabilities and the implications for planning and executing military operations. (JP 2-0) evacuation — 1. Removal of a patient by any of a variety of transport means (air, ground, rail, or sea) from a theater of military operation, or between health service support capabilities, for the purpose of preventing further illness or injury, providing additional care, or providing disposition of patients from the military health care system. (JP 402) 2. The clearance of personnel, animals, or materiel from a given locality. (JP 3-68) 3. The controlled process of collecting, classifying, and shipping unserviceable or abandoned materiel, US or foreign, to appropriate reclamation, maintenance, technical intelligence, or disposal facilities. (JP 4-09) 4. The ordered or authorized departure of noncombatants from a specific area by Department of State, Department of Defense, or appropriate military commander. This refers to the movement from one area to another in the same or different countries. The evacuation is caused by unusual or emergency circumstances and applies equally to command or non-command sponsored family members. See also evacuee; noncombatant evacuation operations. (JP 3-68) evacuee — A civilian removed from a place of residence by military direction for reasons of personal security or the requirements of the military situation. See also displaced person; expellee; refugee. (JP 3-57) evader — Any person isolated in hostile or unfriendly territory who eludes capture. (JP 3-50) evaluation — In intelligence usage, appraisal of an item of information in terms of credibility, reliability, pertinence, and accuracy. evaluation agent — That command or agency designated in the evaluation directive to be responsible for the planning, coordination, and conduct of the required evaluation of a joint test publication. The evaluation agent, normally the US Joint Forces Command, identifies evaluation criteria and the media to be used, develops a proposed evaluation directive, coordinates exercise-related evaluation requirements with the sponsoring commands, and provides required evaluation reports to the Director, J-7. Also called EA. See also joint doctrine; joint test publication. (CJCSI 5120.02) evaluation and feedback — In intelligence usage, continuous assessment of intelligence operations throughout the intelligence process to ensure that the commander’s intelligence requirements are being met. See intelligence process. (JP 2-01) evasion — The process whereby isolated personnel avoid capture with the goal of successfully returning to areas under friendly control. (JP 3-50) evasion aid — In personnel recovery, any piece of information or equipment designed to assist an individual in avoiding capture. Evasion aids include, but are not limited to, blood chits, pointee-talkees, evasion charts, barter items, and equipment designed to complement issued survival equipment. See also blood chit; evasion; evasion chart; pointee-talkee; recovery; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) 120 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 evasion and escape — (*) The procedures and operations whereby military personnel and other selected individuals are enabled to emerge from an enemy-held or hostile area to areas under friendly control. Also called E&E. evasion chart — A special map or chart designed as an evasion aid. Also called EVC. See also evasion; evasion aid. (JP 3-50) evasion plan of action — A course of action, developed prior to executing a combat mission, that is intended to improve a potential isolated person’s chances of successful evasion and recovery by providing the recovery forces with an additional source of information that can increase the predictability of the evader’s action and movement. Also called EPA. See also course of action; evader; evasion; recovery force. (JP 3-50) event matrix — A description of the indicators and activity expected to occur in each named area of interest. It normally cross-references each named area of interest and indicator with the times they are expected to occur and the courses of action they will confirm or deny. There is no prescribed format. See also activity; area of interest; indicator. (JP 2-01.3) event template — A guide for collection planning. The event template depicts the named areas of interest where activity, or its lack of activity, will indicate which course of action the adversary has adopted. See also activity; area of interest; collection planning; course of action. (JP 2-01.3) exclusion zone — A zone established by a sanctioning body to prohibit specific activities in a specific geographic area in order to persuade nations or groups to modify their behavior to meet the desires of the sanctioning body or face continued imposition of sanctions, or use or threat of force. (JP 3-0) exclusive economic zone — A maritime zone adjacent to the territorial sea that may not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Also called EEZ. (JP 3-15) execute order — 1. An order issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, at the direction of the Secretary of Defense, to implement a decision by the President to initiate military operations. 2. An order to initiate military operations as directed. Also called EXORD. (JP 5-0) execution planning — The Adaptive Planning and Execution system translation of an approved course of action into an executable plan of action through the preparation of a complete operation plan or operation order. Also called EP. See also Joint Operation Planning and Execution System. (JP 5-0) executive agent — A term used to indicate a delegation of authority by the Secretary of Defense to a subordinate to act on behalf of the Secretary of Defense. Designation as JP 1-02 121 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 executive agent, in and of itself, confers no authority. The exact nature and scope of the authority delegated must be stated in the document designating the executive agent. An executive agent may be limited to providing only administration and support or coordinating common functions, or it may be delegated authority, direction, and control over specified resources for specified purposes. Also called EA. (JP 1) exercise — A military maneuver or simulated wartime operation involving planning, preparation, and execution that is carried out for the purpose of training and evaluation. See also command post exercise; maneuver. (JP 3-34) exfiltration — The removal of personnel or units from areas under enemy control by stealth, deception, surprise, or clandestine means. See also special operations; unconventional warfare. expeditionary force — An armed force organized to accomplish a specific objective in a foreign country. (JP 3-0) expellee — A civilian outside the boundaries of the country of his or her nationality or ethnic origin who is being forcibly repatriated to that country or to a third country for political or other purposes. See also displaced person; evacuee; refugee. (JP 3-57) expendable property — Property that may be consumed in use or loses its identity in use and may be dropped from stock record accounts when it is issued or used. expendable supplies and materiel — Supplies that are consumed in use, such as ammunition, paint, fuel, cleaning and preserving materials, surgical dressings, drugs, medicines, etc., or that lose their identity, such as spare parts, etc. exploitation — 1. Taking full advantage of success in military operations, following up initial gains, and making permanent the temporary effects already achieved. 2. Taking full advantage of any information that has come to hand for tactical, operational, or strategic purposes. 3. An offensive operation that usually follows a successful attack and is designed to disorganize the enemy in depth. See also attack. (JP 2-01.3) explosive hazard — Any hazard containing an explosive component to include unexploded explosive ordnance (including land mines), booby traps (some booby traps are nonexplosive), improvised explosive devices (which are an improvised type of booby trap), captured enemy ammunition, and bulk explosives. Also called EH. (JP 3-15) explosive ordnance — All munitions containing explosives, nuclear fission or fusion materials, and biological and chemical agents. (JP 3-34) explosive ordnance disposal — The detection, identification, on-site evaluation, rendering safe, recovery, and final disposal of unexploded explosive ordnance. Also called EOD. (JP 3-34) 122 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 explosive ordnance disposal incident — (*) The suspected or detected presence of unexploded or damaged explosive ordnance which constitutes a hazard to operations, installations, personnel, or material. Not included in this definition are the accidental arming or other conditions that develop during the manufacture of high explosive material, technical service assembly operations or the laying of mines and demolition charges. explosive ordnance disposal procedures — (*) Those particular courses or modes of action taken by explosive ordnance disposal personnel for access to, diagnosis, rendering safe, recovery, and final disposal of explosive ordnance or any hazardous material associated with an explosive ordnance disposal incident. a. access procedures — Those actions taken to locate exactly and gain access to unexploded explosive ordnance. b. diagnostic procedures — Those actions taken to identify and evaluate unexploded explosive ordnance. c. render safe procedures — The portion of the explosive ordnance disposal procedures involving the application of special explosive ordnance disposal methods and tools to provide for the interruption of functions or separation of essential components of unexploded explosive ordnance to prevent an unacceptable detonation. d. recovery procedures — Those actions taken to recover unexploded explosive ordnance. e. final disposal procedures — The final disposal of explosive ordnance which may include demolition or burning in place, removal to a disposal area, or other appropriate means. explosive ordnance disposal unit — Personnel with special training and equipment who render explosive ordnance safe, make intelligence reports on such ordnance, and supervise the safe removal thereof. (JP 3-34) exposure dose — (*) The exposure dose at a given point is a measurement of radiation in relation to its ability to produce ionization. The unit of measurement of the exposure dose is the roentgen. extent of damage — The visible plan area of damage to a target element, usually expressed in units of 1,000 square feet, in detailed damage analysis and in approximate percentages in immediate-type damage assessment reports; e.g., 50 percent structural damage. external audience — All people who are not US military members, Department of Defense civilian employees, and their immediate families. See also internal audience; public. (JP 3-61) external support contract — Contract awarded by contracting organizations whose contracting authority does not derive directly from the theater support contracting head(s) of contracting activity or from systems support contracting authorities. See also systems support contract; theater support contract. (JP 4-10) JP 1-02 123 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 124 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 F fabricator — An individual or group who, usually without genuine resources, invents or inflates information for personal or political gain or political purposes. (JP 2-01.2) facility — A real property entity consisting of one or more of the following: a building, a structure, a utility system, pavement, and underlying land. See also air facility. (JP 3-34) facility substitutes — Items such as tents and prepackaged structures requisitioned through the supply system that may be used to substitute for constructed facilities. (JP 3-34) fairway — A channel either from offshore, in a river, or in a harbor that has enough depth to accommodate the draft of large vessels. See also draft; watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) fallout prediction — An estimate, made before and immediately after a nuclear detonation, of the location and intensity of militarily significant quantities of radioactive fallout. fallout safe height of burst — The height of burst at or above which no militarily significant fallout will be reproduced as a result of a nuclear weapon detonation. See also types of burst. feasibility — The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the assigned mission can be accomplished using available resources within the time contemplated by the plan. See also acceptability; adequacy. (JP 5-0) feasibility assessment — A basic target analysis that provides an initial determination of the viability of a proposed target for special operations forces employment. Also called FA. (JP 3-05.1) federal coordinating officer — The federal officer who is appointed to manage Federal resource support activities related to Stafford Act disasters and emergencies. The federal coordinating officer is responsible for coordinating the timely delivery of federal disaster assistance resources and programs to the affected state and local governments, individual victims, and the private sector. Also called FCO. (JP 3-41) federal service — A term applied to National Guard members and units when called to active duty to serve the United States Government under Article I, Section 8 and Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution and the Title 10, United States Code, Sections 12401 to 12408. See also active duty; Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) federal supply class management — Those functions of materiel management that can best be accomplished by federal supply classification, such as cataloging, characteristic screening, standardization, interchangeability and substitution grouping, multi-item specification management, and engineering support of the foregoing. JP 1-02 125 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 feint — In military deception, an offensive action involving contact with the adversary conducted for the purpose of deceiving the adversary as to the location and/or time of the actual main offensive action. (JP 3-13.4) fender — An object, usually made of rope or rubber, hung over the side of a vessel to protect the sides from damage caused by impact with wharves or other craft. (JP 4-01.6) ferret — An aircraft, ship, or vehicle especially equipped for the detection, location, recording, and analyzing of electromagnetic radiation. F-hour — See times. field artillery — Equipment, supplies, ammunition, and personnel involved in the use of cannon, rocket, or surface-to-surface missile launchers. Field artillery cannons are classified according to caliber as follows. Light — 120mm and less. Medium — 121-160mm. Heavy — 161-210mm. Very heavy — greater than 210mm. Also called FA. (JP 3-09) field of view — (*) 1. In photography, the angle between two rays passing through the perspective center (rear nodal point) of a camera lens to the two opposite sides of the format. Not to be confused with “angle of view.” 2. The total solid angle available to the gunner when looking through the gunsight. Also called FOV. field ordering officer — A Service member or Department of Defense civilian, who is appointed in writing and trained by a contracting officer and authorized to execute micropurchases in support of forces and/or designated civil-military operations. Also called FOO. (JP 4-10) field training exercise — An exercise in which actual forces are used to train commanders, staffs, and individual units in basic, intermediate, and advanced-level warfare skills. Also called FTX. See also exercise; maneuver. fighter engagement zone — In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with fighter aircraft. Also called FEZ. (JP 3-52) fighter escort — An offensive counterair operation providing protection sorties by air-to-air capable fighters in support of other offensive air and air support missions over enemy territory, or in a defensive counterair role to protect high value airborne assets. (JP 3-01) fighter sweep — An offensive mission by fighter aircraft to seek out and destroy enemy aircraft or targets of opportunity in a designated area. (JP 3-01) 126 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 final disposal procedures — See explosive ordnance disposal procedures. final governing standards — A comprehensive set of country-specific substantive environmental provisions, typically technical limitations on effluent, discharges, etc., or a specific management practice. (JP 3-34) final protective fire — (*) An immediately available prearranged barrier of fire designed to impede enemy movement across defensive lines or areas. finance support — A financial management function to provide financial advice and recommendations, pay support, disbursing support, establishment of local depository accounts, essential accounting support, and support of the procurement process. See also financial management. (JP 1-06) financial management — Financial management encompasses the two core functions of resource management and finance support. Also called FM. See also finance support; resource management. (JP 1-06) fire direction center — That element of a command post, consisting of gunnery and communications personnel and equipment, by means of which the commander exercises fire direction and/or fire control. The fire direction center receives target intelligence and requests for fire, and translates them into appropriate fire direction. The fire direction center provides timely and effective tactical and technical fire control in support of current operations. Also called FDC. (JP 3-09.3) fires — The use of weapon systems to create specific lethal or nonlethal effects on a target. (JP 3-09) fire support — Fires that directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives. See also fires. (JP 3-09) fire support area — An appropriate maneuver area assigned to fire support ships by the naval force commander from which they can deliver gunfire support to an amphibious operation. Also called FSA. See also amphibious operation; fire support. (JP 3-09) fire support coordination — The planning and executing of fire so that targets are adequately covered by a suitable weapon or group of weapons. (JP 3-09) fire support coordination center — A single location in which are centralized communications facilities and personnel incident to the coordination of all forms of fire support. Also called FSCC. See also fire support; fire support coordination; support; supporting arms coordination center. (JP 3-09) fire support coordination line — A fire support coordination measure that is established and adjusted by appropriate land or amphibious force commanders within their JP 1-02 127 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 boundaries in consultation with superior, subordinate, supporting, and affected commanders. Fire support coordination lines facilitate the expeditious attack of surface targets of opportunity beyond the coordinating measure. A fire support coordination line does not divide an area of operations by defining a boundary between close and deep operations or a zone for close air support. The fire support coordination line applies to all fires of air, land, and sea-based weapon systems using any type of ammunition. Forces attacking targets beyond a fire support coordination line must inform all affected commanders in sufficient time to allow necessary reaction to avoid fratricide. Supporting elements attacking targets beyond the fire support coordination line must ensure that the attack will not produce adverse effects on, or to the rear of, the line. Short of a fire support coordination line, all air-to-ground and surface-to-surface attack operations are controlled by the appropriate land or amphibious force commander. The fire support coordination line should follow well-defined terrain features. Coordination of attacks beyond the fire support coordination line is especially critical to commanders of air, land, and special operations forces. In exceptional circumstances, the inability to conduct this coordination will not preclude the attack of targets beyond the fire support coordination line. However, failure to do so may increase the risk of fratricide and could waste limited resources. Also called FSCL. See also fires; fire support. (JP 3-09) fire support coordination measure — A measure employed by commanders to facilitate the rapid engagement of targets and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces. Also called FSCM. See also fire support coordination. (JP 3-0) fire support element — That portion of the force tactical operations center at every echelon above company or troop (to corps) that is responsible for targeting coordination and for integrating fires delivered on surface targets by fire-support means under the control, or in support, of the force. Also called FSE. See also fire support; force; support. (JP 3-09) fire support officer — Senior field artillery officer assigned to Army maneuver battalions and brigades. Advises commander on fire-support matters. Also called FSO. See also field artillery; fire support; support. (JP 3-09) fire support station — An exact location at sea within a fire support area from which a fire support ship delivers fire. Also called FSS. (JP 3-02) fire support team — A field artillery team provided for each maneuver company/troop and selected units to plan and coordinate all supporting fires available to the unit, including mortars, field artillery, naval surface fire support, and close air support integration. Also called FIST. See also close air support; field artillery; fire support; support. (JP 3-09.3) first light — The beginning of morning nautical twilight; i.e., when the center of the morning sun is 12 degrees below the horizon. 128 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 first responder care — The health care capability that provides immediate clinical care and stabilization to the patient in preparation for evacuation to the next health service support capability in the continuum of care. (JP 4-02) first responders — The primary health care providers whose responsibility is the provision of immediate clinical care and stabilization in preparation for evacuation to the next health service support capability in the continuum of care. In addition to treating injuries, they treat Service members for common acute minor illnesses. See also essential care; evacuation; patient. (JP 4-02) fission products — (*) A general term for the complex mixture of substances produced as a result of nuclear fission. fixed medical treatment facility — (*) A medical treatment facility which is designed to operate for an extended period of time at a specific site. fixed port — Water terminals with an improved network of cargo-handling facilities designed for the transfer of oceangoing freight. See also water terminal. (JP 4-01.5) fixed price type contract — A type of contract that generally provides for a firm price or, under appropriate circumstances, may provide for an adjustable price for the supplies or services being procured. Fixed price contracts are of several types so designed as to facilitate proper pricing under varying circumstances. (JP 4-10) flame field expedients — Simple, handmade devices used to produce flame or illumination. Also called FFE. (JP 3-15) flash burn — (*) A burn caused by excessive exposure (of bare skin) to thermal radiation. flash message — A category of precedence reserved for initial enemy contact messages or operational combat messages of extreme urgency. Brevity is mandatory. See also precedence. flatrack — Portable, open-topped, open-sided units that fit into existing below-deck container cell guides and provide a capability for container ships to carry oversized cargo and wheeled and tracked vehicles. (JP 4-09) flatted cargo — Cargo placed in the bottom of the holds, covered with planks and dunnage, and held for future use. Flatted cargo usually has room left above it for the loading of vehicles that may be moved without interfering with the flatted cargo. Frequently, flatted cargo serves in lieu of ballast. Sometimes called understowed cargo. fleet — An organization of ships, aircraft, Marine forces, and shore-based fleet activities all under the command of a commander who may exercise operational as well as administrative control. See also numbered fleet. (JP 3-02.1) JP 1-02 129 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 fleet ballistic missile submarine — A nuclear-powered submarine designed to deliver ballistic missile attacks against assigned targets from either a submerged or surfaced condition. Designated as SSBN. Fleet Marine Force — A balanced force of combined arms comprising land, air, and service elements of the US Marine Corps. A Fleet Marine Force is an integral part of a US fleet and has the status of a type command. Also called FMF. flexible deterrent option — A planning construct intended to facilitate early decision making by developing a wide range of interrelated responses that begin with deterrentoriented actions carefully tailored to produce a desired effect. Also called FDO. See also deterrent options. (JP 5-0) flexible response — The capability of military forces for effective reaction to any enemy threat or attack with actions appropriate and adaptable to the circumstances existing. (JP 5-0) flight — 1. In Navy and Marine Corps usage, a specified group of aircraft usually engaged in a common mission. 2. The basic tactical unit in the Air Force, consisting of four or more aircraft in two or more elements. 3. A single aircraft airborne on a nonoperational mission. (JP 3-30) flight advisory — A message dispatched to aircraft in flight or to interested stations to advise of any deviation or irregularity. flight deck — 1. In certain airplanes, an elevated compartment occupied by the crew for operating the airplane in flight. 2. The upper deck of an aircraft carrier that serves as a runway. The deck of an air-capable ship, amphibious aviation assault ship, or aviation ship used to launch and recover aircraft. (JP 3-04) flight deck officer — Officer responsible for the safe movement of aircraft on or about the flight deck of an aviation-capable ship. Also called FDO. (JP 3-04) flight following — (*) The task of maintaining contact with specified aircraft for the purpose of determining en route progress and/or flight termination. flight information region — An airspace of defined dimensions within which flight information service and alerting service are provided. Also called FIR. (JP 3-52) flight information service — A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights. Also called FIS. JP 352) flight plan correlation — A means of identifying aircraft by association with known flight plans. 130 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 flight profile — Trajectory, or its graphic representation, followed by its altitude, speed, distance flown, and maneuver. flight quarters — A ship configuration that assigns and stations personnel at critical positions to conduct safe flight operations. (JP 3-04) floating craft company — A company-sized unit made up of various watercraft teams such as tugs, barges, and barge cranes. See also watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) floating dump — Emergency supplies preloaded in landing craft, amphibious vehicles, or in landing ships. Floating dumps are located in the vicinity of the appropriate control officer, who directs their landing as requested by the troop commander concerned. (JP 3-02) fly-in echelon — Includes the balance of the initial assault force, not included in the assault echelon, and some aviation support equipment. Also called FIE. (JP 4-01.2) follow-up — In amphibious operations, the reinforcements and stores carried on transport ships and aircraft (not originally part of the amphibious force) that are offloaded after the assault and assault follow-on echelons have been landed. See also amphibious operation; assault; assault follow-on echelon. (JP 3-02) follow-up shipping — Ships not originally a part of the amphibious task force but which deliver troops and supplies to the objective area after the action phase has begun. (JP 3-02) footprint — 1. The area on the surface of the earth within a satellite’s transmitter or sensor field of view. 2. The amount of personnel, spares, resources, and capabilities physically present and occupying space at a deployed location. force — 1. An aggregation of military personnel, weapon systems, equipment, and necessary support, or combination thereof. 2. A major subdivision of a fleet. (JP 1) force/activity designator — Number used in conjunction with urgency of need designators to establish a matrix of priorities used for supply requisitions. Defines the relative importance of the unit to accomplish the objectives of the Department of Defense. Also called F/AD. See also force. (JP 4-09) force beddown — The provision of expedient facilities for troop support to provide a platform for the projection of force. See also facility substitutes. (JP 3-34) force closure — The point in time when a supported joint force commander determines that sufficient personnel and equipment resources are in the assigned operational area to carry out assigned tasks. See also closure; force. (JP 3-35) force health protection — Measures to promote, improve, or conserve the mental and physical well-being of Service members. These measures enable a healthy and fit JP 1-02 131 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 force, prevent injury and illness, and protect the force from health hazards. Also called FHP. See also force; protection. (JP 4-02) force module — A grouping of combat, combat support, and combat service support forces, with their accompanying supplies and the required nonunit resupply and personnel necessary to sustain forces for a minimum of 30 days. The elements of force modules are linked together or are uniquely identified so that they may be extracted from or adjusted as an entity in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System databases to enhance flexibility and usefulness of the operation plan during a crisis. Also called FM. force multiplier — A capability that, when added to and employed by a combat force, significantly increases the combat potential of that force and thus enhances the probability of successful mission accomplishment. (JP 3-05.1) force planning — 1. Planning associated with the creation and maintenance of military capabilities by the Military Departments, Services, and US Special Operations Command. 2. In the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System, the planning conducted by the supported combatant command and its components to determine required force capabilities to accomplish an assigned mission. (JP 5-0) force projection — The ability to project the military instrument of national power from the United States or another theater, in response to requirements for military operations. See also force. (JP 3-0) force protection — Preventive measures taken to mitigate hostile actions against Department of Defense personnel (to include family members), resources, facilities, and critical information. Also called FP. See also force; force protection condition; protection. (JP 3-0) force protection condition — A Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff-approved standard for identification of and recommended responses to terrorist threats against US personnel and facilities. Also called FPCON. See also antiterrorism; force protection. (JP 3-07.2) force protection detachment — A counterintelligence element that provides counterintelligence support to transiting and assigned ships, personnel, and aircraft in regions of elevated threat. Also called FPD. (JP 2-01.2) force protection working group — Cross-functional working group whose purpose is to conduct risk assessment and risk management and to recommend mitigating measures to the commander. Also called FPWG. (JP 3-10) force rendezvous — (*) A checkpoint at which formations of aircraft or ships join and become part of the main force. 132 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 force sequencing — The phased introduction of forces into and out of the operational area. (JP 3-68) force sourcing — The identification of the actual units, their origins, ports of embarkation, and movement characteristics to satisfy the time-phased force requirements of a supported commander. (JP 5-0) force tracking — The process of gathering and maintaining information on the location, status, and predicted movement of each element of a unit including the unit’s command element, personnel, and unit-related supplies and equipment while in transit to the specified operational area. (JP 3-35) force visibility — The current and accurate status of forces; their current mission; future missions; location; mission priority; and readiness status. Force visibility provides information on the location, operational tempo, assets, and sustainment requirements of a force as part of an overall capability for a combatant commander. (JP 3-35) forcible entry — Seizing and holding of a military lodgment in the face of armed opposition. See also lodgment. (JP 3-18) foreign assistance — Assistance to foreign nations ranging from the sale of military equipment to donations of food and medical supplies to aid survivors of natural and man-made disasters. US foreign assistance takes three forms: development assistance, humanitarian assistance, and security assistance. See also domestic emergencies; foreign disaster; foreign humanitarian assistance; security assistance. (JP 3-29) foreign consequence management — Assistance provided by the United States Government to a host nation to mitigate the effects of a deliberate or inadvertent chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives attack or event and restore essential government services. Also called FCM. (JP 3-41) foreign disaster — An act of nature (such as a flood, drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, volcanic eruption, or epidemic), or an act of man (such as a riot, violence, civil strife, explosion, fire, or epidemic), which is or threatens to be of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant United States foreign disaster relief to a foreign country, foreign persons, or to an intergovernmental organization. See also foreign disaster relief. (JP 3-29) foreign disaster relief — Prompt aid that can be used to alleviate the suffering of foreign disaster victims. Normally it includes humanitarian services and transportation; the provision of food, clothing, medicine, beds, and bedding; temporary shelter and housing; the furnishing of medical materiel and medical and technical personnel; and making repairs to essential services. See also foreign disaster. (JP 3-29) foreign humanitarian assistance — Department of Defense activities, normally in support of the United States Agency for International Development or Department of State, conducted outside the United States, its territories, and possessions to relieve or reduce JP 1-02 133 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 human suffering, disease, hunger, or privation. Also called FHA. See also foreign assistance. (JP 3-29) foreign instrumentation signals intelligence — Technical information and intelligence derived from the intercept of foreign electromagnetic emissions associated with the testing and operational deployment of non-US aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems. Foreign instrumentation signals intelligence is a subcategory of signals intelligence. Foreign instrumentation signals include but are not limited to telemetry, beaconry, electronic interrogators, and video data links. Also called FISINT. See also signals intelligence. (JP 2-01) foreign intelligence — Information relating to capabilities, intentions, and activities of foreign powers, organizations, or persons, but not including counterintelligence, except for information on international terrorist activities. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) foreign intelligence entity — Any known or suspected foreign organization, person, or group (public, private, or governmental) that conducts intelligence activities to acquire US information, block or impair US intelligence collection, influence US policy, or disrupts US systems and programs. The term includes foreign intelligence and security services and international terrorists. Also called FIE. (JP 2-01.2) foreign internal defense — Participation by civilian and military agencies of a government in any of the action programs taken by another government or other designated organization to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, insurgency, terrorism, and other threats to its security. Also called FID. (JP 3-22) foreign military intelligence collection activities — Entails the overt debriefing, by trained human intelligence personnel, of all US persons employed by the Department of Defense who have access to information of potential national security value. Also called FORMICA. (JP 2-01.2) foreign military sales — That portion of United States security assistance authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Arms Export Control Act of 1976, as amended. This assistance differs from the Military Assistance Program and the International Military Education and Training Program in that the recipient provides reimbursement for defense articles and services transferred. Also called FMS. (JP 408) foreign national — Any person other than a US citizen, US permanent or temporary legal resident alien, or person in US custody. (JP 1-0) foreign nation support — Civil and/or military assistance rendered to a nation when operating outside its national boundaries during military operations based on agreements mutually concluded between nations or on behalf of intergovernmental organizations. Support may come from the nation in which forces are operating. Foreign nation support also may be from third party nations and include support or 134 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 assistance, such as logistics, rendered outside the operational area. Also called FNS. See also host-nation support. (JP 1-06) foreign object damage — Rags, pieces of paper, line, articles of clothing, nuts, bolts, or tools that, when misplaced or caught by air currents normally found around aircraft operations (jet blast, rotor or prop wash, engine intake), cause damage to aircraft systems or weapons or injury to personnel. Also called FOD. (JP 3-04) foreign service national — Foreign nationals who provide clerical, administrative, technical, fiscal, and other support at foreign service posts abroad and are not citizens of the United States. The term includes third country nationals who are individuals employed by a United States mission abroad and are neither a citizen of the United States nor of the country to which assigned for duty. Also called FSN. (JP 3-68) foreshore — That portion of a beach extending from the low water (datum) shoreline to the limit of normal high water wave wash. (JP 4-01.6) formerly restricted data — Information removed from the restricted data category upon a joint determination by the Department of Energy (or antecedent agencies) and Department of Defense that such information relates primarily to the military utilization of atomic weapons and that such information can be adequately safeguarded as classified defense information. (Section 142d, Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended.) forward aeromedical evacuation — That phase of evacuation which provides airlift for patients between points within the battlefield, from the battlefield to the initial point of treatment, and to subsequent points of treatment within the combat zone. (JP 4-02) forward air controller — An officer (aviator/pilot) member of the tactical air control party who, from a forward ground or airborne position, controls aircraft in close air support of ground troops. Also called FAC. See also close air support. (JP 3-09.3) forward air controller (airborne) — A specifically trained and qualified aviation officer who exercises control from the air of aircraft engaged in close air support of ground troops. The forward air controller (airborne) is normally an airborne extension of the tactical air control party. A qualified and current forward air controller (airborne) will be recognized across the Department of Defense as capable and authorized to perform terminal attack control. Also called FAC(A). (JP 3-09.3) forward area — An area in proximity to combat. forward arming and refueling point — A temporary facility — organized, equipped, and deployed by an aviation commander, and normally located in the main battle area closer to the area where operations are being conducted than the aviation unit’s combat service area — to provide fuel and ammunition necessary for the employment of aviation JP 1-02 135 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 maneuver units in combat. The forward arming and refueling point permits combat aircraft to rapidly refuel and rearm simultaneously. Also called FARP. (JP 3-09.3) forward aviation combat engineering — A mobility operation in which engineers perform tasks in support of forward aviation ground facilities. Also called FACE. See also combat engineering; reconnaissance. (JP 3-34) forward edge of the battle area — The foremost limits of a series of areas in which ground combat units are deployed, excluding the areas in which the covering or screening forces are operating, designated to coordinate fire support, the positioning of forces, or the maneuver of units. Also called FEBA. (JP 3-09.3) forward line of own troops — A line that indicates the most forward positions of friendly forces in any kind of military operation at a specific time. Also called FLOT. (JP 303) forward-looking infrared — An airborne, electro-optical thermal imaging device that detects far-infrared energy, converts the energy into an electronic signal, and provides a visible image for day or night viewing. Also called FLIR. (JP 3-09.3) forward observer — An observer operating with front line troops and trained to adjust ground or naval gunfire and pass back battlefield information. In the absence of a forward air controller, the observer may control close air support strikes. Also called FO. See also forward air controller; spotter. (JP 3-09) forward operating base — An airfield used to support tactical operations without establishing full support facilities. The base may be used for an extended time period. Support by a main operating base will be required to provide backup support for a forward operating base. Also called FOB. (JP 3-09.3) forward operating location — Primarily used for counterdrug operations. Similar to a forward operating base (FOB) but without the in-place infrastructure associated with a FOB. Also called FOL. forward operating site — A scaleable location outside the United States and US territories intended for rotational use by operating forces. Such expandable “warm facilities” may be maintained with a limited US military support presence and possibly pre-positioned equipment. Forward operating sites support rotational rather than permanently stationed forces and are a focus for bilateral and regional training. Also called FOS. See also cooperative security location; main operating base. (CJCS CM-0007-05) forward operations base — In special operations, a base usually located in friendly territory or afloat that is established to extend command and control or communications or to provide support for training and tactical operations. Facilities may be established for temporary or longer duration operations and may include an airfield or an unimproved airstrip, an anchorage, or a pier. A forward operations base may be the 136 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 location of special operations component headquarters or a smaller unit that is controlled and/or supported by a main operations base. Also called FOB. See also advanced operations base; main operations base. (JP 3-05.1) forward resuscitative care — Care provided as close to the point of injury as possible based on current operational requirements to attain stabilization and achieve the most efficient use of life-and-limb saving medical treatment. Forward resuscitative care typically provides essential care for stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation. Also called FRC. See also essential care; evacuation; medical treatment facility; patient. (JP 4-02) foundation data — Specific information on essential features that change rarely or slowly, such as point positioning data, topographic features, elevation data, geodetic information, and safety of navigation data. (JP 2-03) 463L system — Aircraft pallets, nets, tie down, and coupling devices, facilities, handling equipment, procedures, and other components designed to interface with military and civilian aircraft cargo restraint systems. Though designed for airlift, system components may have to move intermodally via surface to support geographic combatant commander objectives. (JP 4-09) fragmentary order — An abbreviated form of an operation order issued as needed after an operation order to change or modify that order or to execute a branch or sequel to that order. Also called FRAGORD. (JP 5-0) freedom of navigation operations — Operations conducted to demonstrate US navigation, overflight, and related interests on, or under, and over the seas. (JP 3-0) free drop — The dropping of equipment or supplies from an aircraft without the use of parachutes. See also airdrop; air movement; free fall; high velocity drop; low velocity drop. (JP 3-17) free fall — A parachute maneuver in which the parachute is manually activated at the discretion of the jumper or automatically at a preset altitude. See also airdrop; air movement; free drop; high velocity drop; low velocity drop. (JP 3-17) free-fire area — A specific area into which any weapon system may fire without additional coordination with the establishing headquarters. Also called FFA. (JP 3-09) free mail — Correspondence of a personal nature that weighs less than 11 ounces, to include audio and video recording tapes, from a member of the Armed Forces or designated civilian, mailed postage free from a Secretary of Defense approved free mail zone. (JP 1-0) freight consolidating activity — A transportation activity that receives less than car- or truckload shipments of materiel for the purpose of assembling them into car- or JP 1-02 137 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 truckload lots for onward movement to the ultimate consignee or to a freight distributing activity or other break bulk point. frequency deconfliction — A systematic management procedure to coordinate the use of the electromagnetic spectrum for operations, communications, and intelligence functions. Frequency deconfliction is one element of electromagnetic spectrum management. See also electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic spectrum management; electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) frequency management — The requesting, recording, deconfliction of and issuance of authorization to use frequencies (operate electromagnetic spectrum dependent systems) coupled with monitoring and interference resolution processes. (JP 6-0) friendly — A contact positively identified as friendly. friendly fire — In casualty reporting, a casualty circumstance applicable to persons killed in action or wounded in action mistakenly or accidentally by friendly forces actively engaged with the enemy, who are directing fire at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force. See also casualty. friendly force information requirement — Information the commander and staff need to understand the status of friendly force and supporting capabilities. Also called FFIR. (JP 3-0) frustrated cargo — Any shipment of supplies and/or equipment which, while en route to destination, is stopped prior to receipt and for which further disposition instructions must be obtained. full mobilization — See mobilization. full-spectrum superiority — The cumulative effect of dominance in the air, land, maritime, and space domains and information environment (which includes cyberspace) that permits the conduct of joint operations without effective opposition or prohibitive interference. (JP 3-0) functional component command — A command normally, but not necessarily, composed of forces of two or more Military Departments which may be established across the range of military operations to perform particular operational missions that may be of short duration or may extend over a period of time. See also component; Service component command. (JP 1) functional damage assessment — The estimate of the effect of military force to degrade or destroy the functional or operational capability of the target to perform its intended mission and on the level of success in achieving operational objectives established against the target. This assessment is based upon all-source information, and includes 138 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 an estimation of the time required for recuperation or replacement of the target function. See also damage assessment; target. (JP 3-60) functions — The appropriate or assigned duties, responsibilities, missions, or tasks of an individual, office, or organization. As defined in the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, the term “function” includes functions, powers, and duties (5 United States Code 171n (a)). fusion — In intelligence usage, the process of examining all sources of intelligence and information to derive a complete assessment of activity. (JP 2-0) JP 1-02 139 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 140 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 G gap (imagery) — Any space where imagery fails to meet minimum coverage requirements. This might be a space not covered by imagery or a space where the minimum specified overlap was not obtained. gear — A general term for a collection of spars, ropes, blocks, and equipment used for lifting and stowing cargo and ships stores. (JP 4-01.6) general agency agreement — A contract between the Maritime Administration and a steamship company which, as general agent, exercises administrative control over a government-owned ship for employment by the Military Sealift Command. Also called GAA. See also Military Sealift Command. (JP 3-02.1) general cargo — Cargo that is susceptible for loading in general, nonspecialized stowage areas or standard shipping containers; e.g., boxes, barrels, bales, crates, packages, bundles, and pallets. (JP 4-09) general engineering — Those engineering capabilities and activities, other than combat engineering, that modify, maintain, or protect the physical environment. Also called GE. (JP 3-34) general military intelligence — Intelligence concerning the (1) military capabilities of foreign countries or organizations or (2) topics affecting potential US or multinational military operations, relating to the following subjects: armed forces capabilities, including order of battle, organization, training, tactics, doctrine, strategy, and other factors bearing on military strength and effectiveness; area and terrain intelligence, including urban areas, coasts and landing beaches, and meteorological, oceanographic, and geological intelligence; transportation in all modes; military materiel production and support industries; military and civilian communications systems; military economics, including foreign military assistance; insurgency and terrorism; militarypolitical-sociological intelligence; location, identification, and description of militaryrelated installations; government control; escape and evasion; and threats and forecasts. (Excludes scientific and technical intelligence.) Also called GMI. See also intelligence; military intelligence. (JP 2-0) general orders — 1. Permanent instructions, issued in order form, that apply to all members of a command, as compared with special orders, which affect only individuals or small groups. General orders are usually concerned with matters of policy or administration. 2. A series of permanent guard orders that govern the duties of a sentry on post. general purchasing agents — Agents who have been appointed in the principal overseas areas to supervise, control, coordinate, negotiate, and develop the local procurement of supplies, services, and facilities by Armed Forces of the United States, in order that the most effective utilization may be made of local resources and production. JP 1-02 141 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 general quarters — A condition of readiness when naval action is imminent. All battle stations are fully manned and alert; ammunition is ready for instant loading; guns and guided missile launchers may be loaded. general support — 1. That support which is given to the supported force as a whole and not to any particular subdivision thereof. See also close support; direct support; mutual support; support. 2. A tactical artillery mission. Also called GS. See also direct support; general support-reinforcing. (JP 3-09.3) general support-reinforcing — General support-reinforcing artillery has the mission of supporting the force as a whole and of providing reinforcing fires for other artillery units. Also called GSR. general unloading period — In amphibious operations, that part of the ship-to-shore movement in which unloading is primarily logistic in character, and emphasizes speed and volume of unloading operations. It encompasses the unloading of units and cargo from the ships as rapidly as facilities on the beach permit. It proceeds without regard to class, type, or priority of cargo, as permitted by cargo handling facilities ashore. See also initial unloading period. (JP 3-02) geographic coordinates — The quantities of latitude and longitude which define the position of a point on the surface of the Earth with respect to the reference spheroid. See also coordinates. (JP 2-03) geographic reference points — A means of indicating position, usually expressed either as double letters or as code words that are established in operation orders or by other means. geospatial engineering — Those engineering capabilities and activities that contribute to a clear understanding of the physical environment by providing geospatial information and services to commanders and staffs. See also geospatial information and services. (JP 3-34) geospatial information — Information that identifies the geographic location and characteristics of natural or constructed features and boundaries on the Earth, including: statistical data and information derived from, among other things, remote sensing, mapping, and surveying technologies; and mapping, charting, geodetic data and related products. (JP 2-03) geospatial information and services — The collection, information extraction, storage, dissemination, and exploitation of geodetic, geomagnetic, imagery (both commercial and national source), gravimetric, aeronautical, topographic, hydrographic, littoral, cultural, and toponymic data accurately referenced to a precise location on the Earth’s surface. Geospatial services include tools that enable users to access and manipulate data, and also include instruction, training, laboratory support, and guidance for the use of geospatial data. Also called GI&S. (JP 2-03) 142 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 geospatial intelligence — The exploitation and analysis of imagery and geospatial information to describe, assess, and visually depict physical features and geographically referenced activities on the Earth. Geospatial intelligence consists of imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information. Also called GEOINT. (JP 2-03) geospatial intelligence base for contingency operations — A mobile visualization tool available through National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the Defense Logistics Agency. Applications are broad, including the capability to become familiar with a foreign environment, develop a battle scene, plan and execute noncombatant evacuations, contingency operations, urban area missions, and provide access to geospatial data where networks or infrastructure have been damaged or do not exist. Also called GIBCO. (JP 3-68) glide bomb — A bomb fitted with airfoils to provide lift and which is carried and released in the direction of a target by an airplane. Global Air Transportation Execution System — The Air Mobility Command’s aerial port operations and management information system designed to support automated cargo and passenger processing, the reporting of in-transit visibility data to the Global Transportation Network, and billing to Air Mobility Command’s financial management directorate. Also called GATES. See also Air Mobility Command; Global Transportation Network. (JP 3-17) Global Combat Support System-Joint — The primary information technology application used to provide automation support to the joint logistician. Also called GCSS-J. (JP 4-0) Global Command and Control System — A deployable command and control system supporting forces for joint and multinational operations across the range of military operations with compatible, interoperable, and integrated communications systems. Also called GCCS. See also command and control; command and control system. (JP 6-0) Global Decision Support System — Command and control system for Air Mobility Command’s mobility airlift and air refueling assets. Provides aircraft schedules, arrival and/or departure, and aircraft status data to support in-transit visibility of aircraft and aircrews. Also called GDSS. See also Air Mobility Command; in-transit visibility. (JP 3-17) global distribution — The process that coordinates and synchronizes fulfillment of joint force requirements from point of origin to point of employment. See also distribution. (JP 4-09) global distribution of materiel — The process of providing materiel from the source of supply to its point of consumption or use on a worldwide basis. See also global distribution. (JP 4-09) JP 1-02 143 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Global Information Grid — The globally interconnected, end-to-end set of information capabilities, and associated processes for collecting, processing, storing, disseminating, and managing information on demand to warfighters, policy makers, and support personnel. The Global Information Grid includes owned and leased communications and computing systems and services, software (including applications), data, security services, other associated services and National Security Systems. Also called GIG. See also grid; information. (JP 6-0) global information infrastructure — The worldwide interconnection of communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics that make vast amounts of information available to users. The global information infrastructure encompasses a wide range of equipment, including cameras, scanners, keyboards, facsimile machines, computers, switches, compact disks, video and audio tape, cable, wire, satellites, fiberoptic transmission lines, networks of all types, televisions, monitors, printers, and much more. The friendly and adversary personnel who make decisions and handle the transmitted information constitute a critical component of the global information infrastructure. Also called GII. See also defense information infrastructure; information; information system; national information infrastructure. (JP 3-13) Global Network Operations Center — United States Strategic Command operational element responsible for providing global satellite communications system status; maintaining global situational awareness to include each combatant commander’s planned and current operations as well as contingency plans; supporting radio frequency interference resolution management; supporting satellite anomaly resolution and management; facilitating satellite communications interface to the defense information infrastructure; and managing the regional satellite communications support centers. Also called GNC. (JP 6-0) Global Patient Movement Requirements Center — A joint activity reporting directly to the Commander, US Transportation Command, the Department of Defense single manager for the strategic and continental United States regulation and movement of uniformed services and other authorized patients. The Global Patient Movement Requirements Center provides medical regulating and aeromedical evacuation scheduling for the continental United States and intertheater operations and provides support to the theater patient movement requirements centers. The Global Patient Movement Requirements Center coordinates with supporting resource providers to identify available assets and communicates transport to bed plans to the appropriate transportation agency for execution. Also called GPMRC. See also medical treatment facility. (JP 4-02) Global Positioning System — A satellite-based radio navigation system operated by the Department of Defense to provide all military, civil, and commercial users with precise positioning, navigation, and timing. Also called GPS. (JP 3-14) 144 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 global transportation management — The integrated process of satisfying transportation requirements using the Defense Transportation System to meet national security objectives. The process begins with planning, programming, and budgeting for transportation assets, services, and associated systems and continues through delivery of the users’ transportation movement requirements. Also called GTM. See also Defense Transportation System; Global Transportation Network. (JP 4-01) Global Transportation Network — The automated support necessary to enable US Transportation Command and its components to provide global transportation management. The Global Transportation Network provides the integrated transportation data and systems necessary to accomplish global transportation planning, command and control, and in-transit visibility across the range of military operations. The designated Department of Defense in-transit visibility system provides customers with the ability to track the identity, status, and location of Department of Defense units and non-unit cargo, passengers, patients, forces, and military and commercial airlift, sealift, and surface assets from origin to destination across the range of military operations. The Global Transportation Network collects, integrates, and distributes transportation information to combatant commanders, Services, and other Department of Defense customers. Global Transportation Network provides US Transportation Command with the ability to perform command and control operations, planning and analysis, and business operations in tailoring customer requirements throughout the requirements process. Also called GTN. See also global transportation management; in-transit visibility; United States Transportation Command. (JP 4-01) go no-go — The condition or state of operability of a component or system: “go,” functioning properly; or “no-go,” not functioning properly. Alternatively, a critical point at which a decision to proceed or not must be made. (JP 3-02) governance — The state’s ability to serve the citizens through the rules, processes, and behavior by which interests are articulated, resources are managed, and power is exercised in a society, including the representative participatory decision-making processes typically guaranteed under inclusive, constitutional authority. (JP 3-24) governing factors — In the context of joint operation planning, those aspects of the situation (or externally imposed factors) that the commander deems critical to the accomplishment of the mission. (JP 5-0) government-owned, contract-operated ships — Those ships to which the US Government holds title and which the Military Sealift Command operates under a contract (i.e., nongovernment-manned). These ships are designated United States Naval Ships and use the prefix “USNS” with the ship name and the letter “T” as a prefix to the ship classification (e.g., T-AKR). See also Military Sealift Command; United States Naval Ship. (JP 3-02.2) government-owned, Military Sealift Command-operated ships — Those ships to which the US Government holds title and which the Military Sealift Command operates with JP 1-02 145 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 US Government (civil service) employees. These ships are designated United States Naval Ships and use the prefix “USNS” with the ship name and the letter “T” as a prefix to the ship classification (e.g., T-AKR). See also Military Sealift Command; United States Naval Ship. (JP 3-02.2) gradient — The rate of inclination to horizontal expressed as a ratio, such as 1:25, indicating a one unit rise to 25 units of horizontal distance. (JP 4-01.6) grand strategy — See National Security Strategy. grid — 1. Two sets of parallel lines intersecting at right angles and forming squares; the grid is superimposed on maps, charts, and other similar representations of the Earth’s surface in an accurate and consistent manner in order to permit identification of ground locations with respect to other locations and the computation of direction and distance to other points. 2. A term used in giving the location of a geographic point by grid coordinates. (JP 2-03) grid bearing — Bearing measured from grid north. grid convergence — The horizontal angle at a place between true north and grid north. It is proportional to the longitude difference between the place and the central meridian. See also convergence. grid convergence factor — (*) The ratio of the grid convergence angle to the longitude difference. In the Lambert Conical Orthomorphic projection, this ratio is constant for all charts based on the same two standard parallels. See also convergence; grid convergence. grid coordinates — Coordinates of a grid coordinate system to which numbers and letters are assigned for use in designating a point on a gridded map, photograph, or chart. See also coordinates. (JP 3-09) grid coordinate system — (*) A plane-rectangular coordinate system usually based on, and mathematically adjusted to, a map projection in order that geographic positions (latitudes and longitudes) may be readily transformed into plane coordinates and the computations relating to them may be made by the ordinary method of plane surveying. See also coordinates. ground alert — (*) That status in which aircraft on the ground/deck are fully serviced and armed, with combat crews in readiness to take off within a specified short period of time (usually 15 minutes) after receipt of a mission order. See also airborne alert. ground control — (*) A system of accurate measurements used to determine the distances and directions or differences in elevation between points on the Earth. See also control point. 146 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ground fire — Small arms ground-to-air fire directed against aircraft. ground liaison officer — An officer trained in offensive air support activities. Ground liaison officers are normally organized into parties under the control of the appropriate Army commander to provide liaison to Air Force and naval units engaged in training and combat operations. Also called GLO. ground zero — (*) The point on the surface of the Earth at, or vertically below or above, the center of a planned or actual nuclear detonation. See also actual ground zero. group — 1. A flexible administrative and tactical unit composed of either two or more battalions or two or more squadrons. The term also applies to combat support and combat service support units. 2. A number of ships and/or aircraft, normally a subdivision of a force, assigned for a specific purpose. 3. A long-standing functional organization that is formed to support a broad function within a joint force commander’s headquarters. Also called GP. (JP 3-33) group of targets — (*) Two or more targets on which fire is desired simultaneously. A group of targets is designated by a letter/number combination or a nickname. guard — 1. A form of security operation whose primary task is to protect the main force by fighting to gain time while also observing and reporting information, and to prevent enemy ground observation of and direct fire against the main body by reconnoitering, attacking, defending, and delaying. A guard force normally operates within the range of the main body’s indirect fire weapons. 2. A radio frequency that is normally used for emergency transmissions and is continuously monitored. UHF band: 243.0 MHZ; VHF band: 121.5 MHZ. 3. A military or civilian individual assigned to protect personnel, equipment, or installations, or to oversee a prisoner. guarded frequencies — Enemy frequencies that are currently being exploited for combat information and intelligence. A guarded frequency is time-oriented in that the guarded frequency list changes as the enemy assumes different combat postures. These frequencies may be jammed after the commander has weighed the potential operational gain against the loss of the technical information. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) guerrilla force — A group of irregular, predominantly indigenous personnel organized along military lines to conduct military and paramilitary operations in enemy-held, hostile, or denied territory. (JP 3-05) guerrilla warfare — Military and paramilitary operations conducted in enemy-held or hostile territory by irregular, predominantly indigenous forces. Also called GW. See also unconventional warfare. (JP 3-05.1) guided missile — An unmanned vehicle moving above the surface of the Earth whose trajectory or flight path is capable of being altered by an external or internal mechanism. See also ballistic missile. JP 1-02 147 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 gun — 1. A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity. 2. A cannon with tube length 30 calibers or more. See also howitzer; mortar. gun-target line — (*) An imaginary straight line from gun to target. Also called GTL. 148 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 H half-life — The time required for the activity of a given radioactive species to decrease to half of its initial value due to radioactive decay. The half-life is a characteristic property of each radioactive species and is independent of its amount or condition. The effective half-life of a given isotope is the time in which the quantity in the body will decrease to half as a result of both radioactive decay and biological elimination. (JP 3-11) handling (ordnance) — Applies to those individuals who engage in the breakout, lifting, or repositioning of ordnance or explosive devices in order to facilitate storage or stowage, assembly or disassembly, loading or downloading, or transporting. See also downloading; ordnance. (JP 3-04) handover/crossover — In personnel recovery, the transfer of isolated personnel between two recovery forces. See also evader; evasion; recovery; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) harassment — An incident in which the primary objective is to disrupt the activities of a unit, installation, or ship, rather than to inflict serious casualties or damage. harbor — A restricted body of water, an anchorage, or other limited coastal water area and its mineable water approaches, from which shipping operations are projected or supported. Generally, a harbor is part of a base, in which case the harbor defense force forms a component element of the base defense force established for the local defense of the base and its included harbor. hardstand — 1. A paved or stabilized area where vehicles are parked. 2. Open ground with a prepared surface used for the storage of materiel. (JP 3-34) hasty breach — The creation of lanes through enemy minefields by expedient methods such as blasting with demolitions, pushing rollers or disabled vehicles through the minefields when the time factor does not permit detailed reconnaissance, deliberate breaching, or bypassing the obstacle. (JP 3-15) hatch — An opening in a ship’s deck giving access to cargo holds. (JP 4-01.6) hazard — A condition with the potential to cause injury, illness, or death of personnel; damage to or loss of equipment or property; or mission degradation. See also injury; risk. (JP 3-33) hazardous cargo — Cargo that includes not only large bulk-type categories such as explosives, pyrotechnics, petroleum, oils, and lubricants, compressed gases, corrosives and batteries, but lesser quantity materials like super-tropical bleach (oxiderizer), pesticides, poisons, medicines, specialized medical chemicals and medical waste that can be loaded as cargo. (JP 3-02.1) JP 1-02 149 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels — The potential hazard that is created when volatile combustibles, such as fuel, are exposed to electromagnetic fields of sufficient energy to cause ignition. Also called HERF. (JP 3-04) hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance — The danger of accidental actuation of electro-explosive devices or otherwise electrically activating ordnance because of radio frequency electromagnetic fields. This unintended actuation could have safety (premature firing) or reliability (dudding) consequences. Also called HERO. See also electromagnetic radiation; HERO SAFE ordnance; HERO UNSAFE ordnance; ordnance. (JP 3-04) hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel — The potential hazard that exists when personnel are exposed to an electromagnetic field of sufficient intensity to heat the human body. Also called HERP. (JP 3-04) head of contracting activity — The official who has overall responsibility for managing the contracting activity. Also called HCA. (JP 4-10) head-up display — (*) A display of flight, navigation, attack, or other information superimposed upon the pilot’s forward field of view. Also called HUD. See also flight. health care provider — Any member of the Armed Forces, civilian employee of the Department of Defense, or personal services contract employee under Title 10 United States Code Section 1091 authorized by the Department of Defense to perform health care functions. The term does not include any contract provider who is not a personal services contract employee. Also called DOD health care provider. (JP 4-02) health hazard assessment — An assessment that characterizes the possible health risks of occupational exposures of Service members during the course of their normal duties. (JP 4-02) health service logistic support — A functional area of logistic support that supports the joint force surgeon’s health service support mission. It includes supplying Class VIII medical supplies (medical materiel to include medical peculiar repair parts used to sustain the health service support system), optical fabrication, medical equipment maintenance, blood storage and distribution, and medical gases. Also called HSLS. See also health service support; joint force surgeon. (JP 4-02.1) health service support — All services performed, provided, or arranged to promote, improve, conserve, or restore the mental or physical well-being of personnel. These services include, but are not limited to, the management of health services resources, such as manpower, monies, and facilities; preventive and curative health measures; evacuation of the wounded, injured, or sick; selection of the medically fit and disposition of the medically unfit; blood management; medical supply, equipment, and maintenance thereof; 150 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combat stress control; and medical, dental, veterinary, laboratory, optometric, nutrition therapy, and medical intelligence services. Also called HSS. (JP 4-02) health surveillance — The regular or repeated collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data and the dissemination of information to monitor the health of a population and to identify potential health risks, thereby enabling timely interventions to prevent, treat, reduce, or control disease and injury. It includes occupational and environmental health surveillance and medical surveillance subcomponents. (JP 4-02) health threat — A composite of ongoing or potential enemy actions; adverse environmental, occupational, and geographic and meteorological conditions; endemic diseases; and employment of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons (to include weapons of mass destruction) that have the potential to affect the short- or long-term health (including psychological impact) of personnel. (JP 4-02) heavy drop — A system of delivery of heavy supplies and equipment by parachute. heavy-lift cargo — 1. Any single cargo lift, weighing over 5 long tons, and to be handled aboard ship. 2. In Marine Corps usage, individual units of cargo that exceed 800 pounds in weight or 100 cubic feet in volume. heavy-lift ship — (*) A ship specially designed and capable of loading and unloading heavy and bulky items. It has booms of sufficient capacity to accommodate a single lift of 100 tons. height of burst — (*) The vertical distance from the Earth’s surface or target to the point of burst. Also called HOB. See also types of burst. helicopter coordination section — The section within the Navy tactical air control center that coordinates rotary-wing air operations with all helicopter direction centers and air traffic control center(s) in the amphibious force. Also called HCS. (JP 3-02) helicopter direction center — In amphibious operations, the primary direct control agency for the helicopter group/unit commander operating under the overall control of the tactical air control center. Also called HDC. (JP 3-02) helicopter landing zone — A specified ground area for landing assault helicopters to embark or disembark troops and/or cargo. A landing zone may contain one or more landing sites. Also called HLZ. helicopter support team — (*) A task organization formed and equipped for employment in a landing zone to facilitate the landing and movement of helicopter-borne troops, equipment, and supplies, and to evacuate selected casualties and enemy prisoners of war. Also called HST. JP 1-02 151 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 helicopter transport area — Areas to the seaward and on the flanks of the outer transport and landing ship areas, but preferably inside the area screen, used for launching and/or recovering helicopters. (JP 3-02) helicopter wave — See wave. herbicide — A chemical compound that will kill or damage plants. (JP 3-11) HERO SAFE ordnance — Any ordnance item that is percussion initiated, sufficiently shielded or otherwise so protected that all electro-explosive devices contained by the item are immune to adverse effects (safety or reliability) when the item is employed in its expected radio frequency environments, provided that the general hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance requirements defined in the hazards from electromagnetic radiation manual are observed. See also electromagnetic radiation; hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance; HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance; HERO UNSAFE ordnance; ordnance. (JP 3-04) HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance — Any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices proven by test or analysis to be adversely affected by radio frequency energy to the point that the safety and/or reliability of the system is in jeopardy when the system is employed in its expected radio frequency environment. See also electromagnetic radiation; hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance; HERO SAFE ordnance; HERO UNSAFE ordnance; ordnance. (JP 3-04) HERO UNSAFE ordnance — Any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices that has not been classified as HERO SAFE or HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance as a result of a hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance (HERO) analysis or test is considered HERO UNSAFE ordnance. Additionally, any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices (including those previously classified as HERO SAFE or HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance) that has its internal wiring exposed; when tests are being conducted on that item that result in additional electrical connections to the item; when electro-explosive devices having exposed wire leads are present and handled or loaded in any but the tested condition; when the item is being assembled or disassembled; or when such ordnance items are damaged causing exposure of internal wiring or components or destroying engineered HERO protective devices. See also electromagnetic radiation; hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance; HERO SAFE ordnance; HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance; ordnance. (JP 3-04) H-hour — The specific hour on D-day at which a particular operation commences. (JP 5-0) high altitude bombing — Horizontal bombing with the height of release over 15,000 feet. (JP 3-09.3) high-altitude low-opening parachute technique — A method of delivering personnel, equipment, or supplies from airlift aircraft that must fly at altitudes above the threat umbrella. Also called HALO. (JP 3-17) 152 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 high-altitude missile engagement zone — In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with high-altitude surface-to-air missiles. Also called HIMEZ. (JP 3-52) high-density airspace control zone — Airspace designated in an airspace control plan or airspace control order, in which there is a concentrated employment of numerous and varied weapons and airspace users. A high-density airspace control zone has defined dimensions which usually coincide with geographical features or navigational aids. Access to a high-density airspace control zone is normally controlled by the maneuver commander. The maneuver commander can also direct a more restrictive weapons status within the high-density airspace control zone. Also called HIDACZ. (JP 3-52) high explosive cargo — Cargo such as artillery ammunition, bombs, depth charges, demolition material, rockets, and missiles. high-payoff target — A target whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly course of action. High-payoff targets are those high-value targets that must be acquired and successfully attacked for the success of the friendly commander’s mission. Also called HPT. See also high-value target; target. (JP 3-60) high-payoff target list — A prioritized list of high-payoff targets by phase of the joint operation. Also called HPTL. See also high-payoff target; target. (JP 3-60) high-risk personnel — Personnel who, by their grade, assignment, symbolic value, or relative isolation, are likely to be attractive or accessible terrorist targets. Also called HRP. See also antiterrorism. (JP 3-07.2) high value airborne asset protection — A defensive counterair mission that defends airborne national assets which are so important that the loss of even one could seriously impact US warfighting capabilities or provide the enemy with significant propaganda value. Examples of high value airborne assets are Airborne Warning and Control System, Rivet Joint, Joint Surveillance and Target Attack Radar System, and Compass Call. Also called HVAA protection. See also defensive counterair. (JP 3-01) high-value target — A target the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission. The loss of high-value targets would be expected to seriously degrade important enemy functions throughout the friendly commander’s area of interest. Also called HVT. See also high-payoff target; target. (JP 3-60) high velocity drop — A drop procedure in which the drop velocity is greater than 30 feet per second (low velocity drop) and lower than free drop velocity. See also airdrop. (JP 3-17) hinterland, far — That region surrounding a beach or terminal operation to the extent that it has characteristics that affect the operation — normally within 100 miles. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 153 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 hinterland, near — The area of land within an operational area of a specific beach or terminal operation — usually within 5 miles. (JP 4-01.6) holding point — (*) A geographically or electronically defined location used in stationing aircraft in flight in a predetermined pattern in accordance with air traffic control clearance. See also orbit point. homeland — The physical region that includes the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, United States possessions and territories, and surrounding territorial waters and airspace. (JP 3-28) homeland defense — The protection of United States sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and critical defense infrastructure against external threats and aggression or other threats as directed by the President. Also called HD. (JP 3-27) homeland security — A concerted national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism, major disasters, and other emergencies; and minimize the damage and recover from attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies that occur. Also called HS. (JP 3-28) home station — The permanent location of active duty units and Reserve Component units (e.g., location of armory or reserve center). See also active duty; Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) homing — The technique whereby a mobile station directs itself, or is directed, towards a source of primary or reflected energy, or to a specified point. (JP 3-50) homing guidance — A system by which a missile or torpedo steers itself towards a target by means of a self-contained mechanism which is activated by some distinguishing characteristics of the target. (JP 3-01) horizontal stowage — The lateral distribution of unit equipment or categories of supplies so that they can be unloaded simultaneously from two or more holds. (JP 3-02.1) hospital — A medical treatment facility capable of providing inpatient care. It is appropriately staffed and equipped to provide diagnostic and therapeutic services, as well as the necessary supporting services required to perform its assigned mission and functions. A hospital may, in addition, discharge the functions of a clinic. hostage rescue — A personnel recovery method used to recover isolated personnel who are specifically designated as hostages. Also called HR. (JP 3-50) host country — A nation which permits, either by written agreement or official invitation, government representatives and/or agencies of another nation to operate, under specified conditions, within its borders. (JP 2-01.2) 154 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 hostile act — An attack or other use of force against the US, US forces, or other designated persons or property. It also includes force used directly to preclude or impede the mission and/or duties of US forces, including the recovery of US personnel or vital US Government property. (JP 3-28) hostile casualty — A person who is the victim of a terrorist activity or who becomes a casualty “in action.” “In action” characterizes the casualty as having been the direct result of hostile action, sustained in combat or relating thereto, or sustained going to or returning from a combat mission provided that the occurrence was directly related to hostile action. Included are persons killed or wounded mistakenly or accidentally by friendly fire directed at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force. However, not to be considered as sustained in action and not to be interpreted as hostile casualties are injuries or death due to the elements, self-inflicted wounds, combat fatigue, and except in unusual cases, wounds or death inflicted by a friendly force while the individual is in an absent-without-leave, deserter, or dropped-from-rolls status or is voluntarily absent from a place of duty. See also casualty; casualty type; nonhostile casualty. hostile intent — The threat of imminent use of force by a foreign force, terrorist(s), or organization against the United States and US national interests, US forces and, in certain circumstances, US nationals, their property, US commercial assets, and other designated non-US forces, foreign nationals, and their property. When hostile intent is present, the right exists to use proportional force, including armed force, in self-defense by all necessary means available to deter or neutralize the potential attacker or, if necessary, to destroy the threat. A determination that hostile intent exists and requires the use of proportional force in self-defense must be based on evidence that an attack is imminent. Evidence necessary to determine hostile intent will vary depending on the state of international and regional political tension, military preparations, intelligence, and indications and warning information. host nation — A nation which receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations and/or NATO organizations to be located on, to operate in, or to transit through its territory. Also called HN. (JP 3-57) host-nation support — Civil and/or military assistance rendered by a nation to foreign forces within its territory during peacetime, crises or emergencies, or war based on agreements mutually concluded between nations. Also called HNS. See also host nation. (JP 4-0) host-nation support agreement — Basic agreement normally concluded at government-togovernment or government- to-combatant commander level. These agreements may include general agreements, umbrella agreements, and memoranda of understanding. See also host nation; host-nation support. (JP 3-35) JP 1-02 155 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 hovering — A self-sustaining maneuver whereby a fixed, or nearly fixed, position is maintained relative to a spot on the surface of the Earth or underwater. (JP 3-04) howitzer — 1. A cannon that combines certain characteristics of guns and mortars. The howitzer delivers projectiles with medium velocities, either by low or high trajectories. 2. Normally a cannon with a tube length of 20 to 30 calibers; however, the tube length can exceed 30 calibers and still be considered a howitzer when the high angle fire zoning solution permits range overlap between charges. See also gun; mortar. hub — An organization that sorts and distributes inbound cargo from wholesale supply sources (airlifted, sealifted, and ground transportable) and/or from within the theater. See also hub and spoke distribution; spoke. (JP 4-09) hub and spoke distribution — A physical distribution system developed and modeled on industry standards to provide cargo management for a theater. It is based on a “hub” moving cargo to and between several “spokes”. It is designed to increase transportation efficiencies and in-transit visibility and reduce order ship time. See also distribution; distribution system; hub; in-transit visibility; spoke. (JP 4-09) human factors — The psychological, cultural, behavioral, and other human attributes that influence decision-making, the flow of information, and the interpretation of information by individuals or groups. (JP 2-0) human intelligence — A category of intelligence derived from information collected and provided by human sources. Also called HUMINT. (JP 2-0) humanitarian and civic assistance — Assistance to the local populace provided by predominantly US forces in conjunction with military operations and exercises. This assistance is specifically authorized by Title 10, United States Code, Section 401, and funded under separate authorities. Also called HCA. See also foreign humanitarian assistance. (JP 3-29) humanitarian assistance — Programs conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain, disease, hunger, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property. Humanitarian assistance provided by US forces is limited in scope and duration. The assistance provided is designed to supplement or complement the efforts of the host nation civil authorities or agencies that may have the primary responsibility for providing humanitarian assistance. Also called HA. (JP 3-57) humanitarian assistance coordination center — A temporary center established by a geographic combatant commander to assist with interagency coordination and planning. A humanitarian assistance coordination center operates during the early planning and coordination stages of foreign humanitarian assistance operations by providing the link between the geographic combatant commander and other United States Government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and international and 156 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 regional organizations at the strategic level. Also called HACC. See also foreign humanitarian assistance; interagency coordination. (JP 3-29) humanitarian demining assistance — The activities related to the furnishing of education, training, and technical assistance with respect to the detection and clearance of land mines and other explosive remnants of war. (JP 3-29) humanitarian mine action — Activities that strive to reduce the social, economic, and environmental impact of land mines, unexploded ordnance and small arms ammunition - also characterized as explosive remnants of war. (JP 3-15) humanitarian operations center — An international and interagency body that coordinates the overall relief strategy and unity of effort among all participants in a large foreign humanitarian assistance operation. It normally is established under the direction of the government of the affected country or the United Nations, or a US Government agency during a US unilateral operation. Because the humanitarian operations center operates at the national level, it will normally consist of senior representatives from the affected country, assisting countries, the United Nations, nongovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organizations, and other major organizations involved in the operation. Also called HOC. See also operation. (JP 3-29) hung ordnance — Those weapons or stores on an aircraft that the pilot has attempted to drop or fire but could not because of a malfunction of the weapon, rack or launcher, or aircraft release and control system. (JP 3-04) hydrographic reconnaissance — Reconnaissance of an area of water to determine depths, beach gradients, the nature of the bottom, and the location of coral reefs, rocks, shoals, and man-made obstacles. (JP 3-02) hyperspectral imagery — Term used to describe the imagery derived from subdividing the electromagnetic spectrum into very narrow bandwidths. These narrow bandwidths may be combined with or subtracted from each other in various ways to form images useful in precise terrain or target analysis. Also called HSI. JP 1-02 157 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 158 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 I identification — 1. The process of determining the friendly or hostile character of an unknown detected contact. 2. In arms control, the process of determining which nation is responsible for the detected violations of any arms control measure. 3. In ground combat operations, discrimination between recognizable objects as being friendly or enemy, or the name that belongs to the object as a member of a class. Also called ID. identification, friend or foe — A device that emits a signal positively identifying it as a friendly. Also called IFF. See also air defense. (JP 3-52) identification friend or foe personal identifier — The discrete identification friend or foe code assigned to a particular aircraft, ship, or other vehicle for identification by electronic means. identification maneuver — A maneuver performed for identification purposes. (JP 3-52) imagery — A likeness or presentation of any natural or man-made feature or related object or activity, and the positional data acquired at the same time the likeness or representation was acquired, including: products produced by space-based national intelligence reconnaissance systems; and likeness and presentations produced by satellites, airborne platforms, unmanned aerial vehicles, or other similar means (except that such term does not include handheld or clandestine photography taken by or on behalf of human intelligence collection organizations). (JP 2-03) imagery exploitation — (*) The cycle of processing and printing imagery to the positive or negative state, assembly into imagery packs, identification, interpretation, mensuration, information extraction, the preparation of reports, and the dissemination of information. imagery intelligence — The technical, geographic, and intelligence information derived through the interpretation or analysis of imagery and collateral materials. Also called IMINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-03) imitative communications deception — That division of deception involving the introduction of false or misleading but plausible communications into target systems that mimics or imitates the targeted communications. See also deception; target system. (JP 3-13.1) imitative electromagnetic deception — See electromagnetic deception. immediate air support — Air support to meet specific requests which arise during the course of a battle and which by their nature cannot be planned in advance. (JP 3-09.3) immediate decontamination — Decontamination carried out by individuals immediately upon becoming contaminated to save lives, minimize casualties, and limit the spread of contamination. This may include decontamination of some personal clothing and/or JP 1-02 159 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 equipment. Also called emergency decontamination. decontamination. (JP 3-11) See also contamination; immediate message — A category of precedence reserved for messages relating to situations that gravely affect the security of national and multinational forces or populace and that require immediate delivery to the addressee(s). See also precedence. immediate mission request — A request for an air strike on a target that, by its nature, could not be identified sufficiently in advance to permit detailed mission coordination and planning. See also preplanned mission request. (JP 3-09.3) immediate response — Any form of immediate action taken to save lives, prevent human suffering, or mitigate great property damage under imminently serious conditions when time does not permit approval from a higher authority. (JP 3-28) immediate response authority — A Federal military commander’s, Department of Defense component head’s, and/or responsible Department of Defense civilian official’s authority temporarily to employ resources under their control, subject to any supplemental direction provided by higher headquarters, and provide those resources to save lives, prevent human suffering, or mitigate great property damage in response to a request for assistance from a civil authority, under imminently serious conditions when time does not permit approval from a higher authority within the United States. Immediate response authority does not permit actions that would subject civilians to the use of military power that is regulatory, prescriptive, proscriptive, or compulsory. (DODD 3025.18) impact area — An area having designated boundaries within the limits of which all ordnance will detonate or impact. implementation — Procedures governing the mobilization of the force and the deployment, employment, and sustainment of military operations in response to execution orders issued by the Secretary of Defense. Also called IMP. (JP 5-0) implied task — In the context of joint operation planning, a task derived during mission analysis that an organization must perform or prepare to perform to accomplish a specified task or the mission, but which is not stated in the higher headquarters order. See also essential task; specified task. (JP 5-0) imprest fund — A cash fund of a fixed amount established through an advance of funds, without appropriation change, to an authorized imprest fund cashier to effect immediate cash payments of relatively small amounts for authorized purchases of supplies and nonpersonal services. (JP 1-0) improvised explosive device — (*) A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and 160 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. It may incorporate military stores, but is normally devised from nonmilitary components. Also called IED. inactive duty training — Authorized training performed by a member of a Reserve Component not on active duty or active duty for training and consisting of regularly scheduled unit training assemblies, additional training assemblies, periods of appropriate duty or equivalent training, and any special additional duties authorized for Reserve Component personnel by the Secretary concerned, and performed by them in connection with the prescribed activities of the organization in which they are assigned with or without pay. Does not include work or study associated with correspondence courses. Also called IDT. See also active duty for training. Inactive National Guard — Army National Guard personnel in an inactive status not in the Selected Reserve who are attached to a specific National Guard unit but do not participate in training activities. Upon mobilization, they will mobilize with their units. In order for these personnel to remain members of the Inactive National Guard, they must muster once a year with their assigned unit. Like the Individual Ready Reserve, all members of the Inactive National Guard have legal, contractual obligations. Members of the Inactive National Guard may not train for retirement credit or pay and are not eligible for promotion. Also called ING. See also Individual Ready Reserve; Selected Reserve. (JP 4-05) inactive status — Status of reserve members on an inactive status list of a Reserve Component or assigned to the Inactive Army National Guard. Those in an inactive status may not train for points or pay, and may not be considered for promotion. incapacitating agent — A chemical agent, which produces temporary disabling conditions which (unlike those caused by riot control agents) can be physical or mental and persist for hours or days after exposure to the agent has ceased. (JP 3-11) incident — 1. In information operations, an assessed event of attempted entry, unauthorized entry, or an information attack on an automated information system. It includes unauthorized probing and browsing; disruption or denial of service; altered or destroyed input, processing, storage, or output of information; or changes to information system hardware, firmware, or software characteristics with or without the users’ knowledge, instruction, or intent. 2. An occurrence, caused by either human action or natural phenomena, that requires action to prevent or minimize loss of life or damage to property and/or natural resources. See also information operations. (JP 3-28) incident command post — The field location at which the primary tactical-level on-scene incident command functions are performed. It may be collocated with the incident base or other incident facilities and is normally identified by a green rotating or flashing light. Also called ICP. See also antiterrorism. (JP 3-28) incident command system — A standardized on-scene emergency management construct designed to aid in the management of resources during incidents. Consists of facilities, JP 1-02 161 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications established for this purpose. Also called ICS. (JP 3-28) incident management — A national comprehensive approach to preventing, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. Incident management includes measures and activities performed at the local, state, and national levels and includes both crisis and consequence management activities. (JP 3-28) incident of national significance — An actual or potential high-impact event that requires a coordinated and effective response by and appropriate combination of Federal, state, local, tribal, nongovernmental, and/or private-sector entities in order to save lives and minimize damage, and provide the basis for long-term community recovery and mitigation activities. (JP 3-41) incremental costs — Costs which are additional costs to the Service appropriations that would not have been incurred absent support of the contingency operation. See also financial management. (JP 1-06) independent government estimate — The government’s estimate of the resources and projected cost of the resources a contractor will incur in the performance of the contract. Also called IGE. (JP 4-10) indications — In intelligence usage, information in various degrees of evaluation, all of which bear on the intention of a potential enemy to adopt or reject a course of action. (JP 2-0) indications and warning — Those intelligence activities intended to detect and report timesensitive intelligence information on foreign developments that could involve a threat to the United States or allied and/or coalition military, political, or economic interests or to US citizens abroad. It includes forewarning of hostile actions or intentions against the United States, its activities, overseas forces, or allied and/or coalition nations. Also called I&W. See also information; intelligence. (JP 2-0) indicator — In intelligence usage, an item of information which reflects the intention or capability of an adversary to adopt or reject a course of action. (JP 2-0) indigenous populations and institutions — A generic term used to describe the civilian construct of an operational area to include its populations (legal citizens, legal and illegal immigrants, and all categories of dislocated civilians), governmental, tribal, commercial, and private organizations and entities. Also called IPI. (JP 3-57) indirect fire — Fire delivered on a target that is not itself used as a point of aim for the weapons or the director. 162 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 individual mobilization augmentee — An individual reservist attending drills who receives training and is preassigned to an Active Component organization, a Selective Service System, or a Federal Emergency Management Agency billet that must be filled on, or shortly after, mobilization. Individual mobilization augmentees train on a parttime basis with these organizations to prepare for mobilization. Inactive duty training for individual mobilization augmentees is decided by component policy and can vary from 0 to 48 drills a year. Also called IMA. (JP 4-05) individual protective equipment — In chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear operations, the personal clothing and equipment required to protect an individual from chemical, biological, and radiological hazards and some nuclear hazards. Also called IPE. (JP 3-11) Individual Ready Reserve — A manpower pool consisting of individuals who have had some training or who have served previously in the Active Component or in the Selected Reserve, and may have some period of their military service obligation remaining. Members may voluntarily participate in training for retirement points and promotion with or without pay. Also called IRR. See also Selected Reserve. (JP 4-05) induced radiation — (*) Radiation produced as a result of exposure to radioactive materials, particularly the capture of neutrons. See also contamination; initial radiation; residual radiation. industrial mobilization — The transformation of industry from its peacetime activity to the industrial program necessary to support the national military objectives. It includes the mobilization of materials, labor, capital, production facilities, and contributory items and services essential to the industrial program. See also mobilization. (JP 4-05) industrial preparedness — The state of preparedness of industry to produce essential materiel to support the national military objectives. (JP 4-05) industrial preparedness program — Plans, actions, or measures for the transformation of the industrial base, both government-owned and civilian-owned, from its peacetime activity to the emergency program necessary to support the national military objectives. It includes industrial preparedness measures such as modernization, expansion, and preservation of the production facilities and contributory items and services for planning with industry. Also called IPP. (JP 4-05) inertial navigation system — A self-contained navigation system using inertial detectors, which automatically provides vehicle position, heading, and velocity. Also called INS. (JP 3-09) infiltration — 1. The movement through or into an area or territory occupied by either friendly or enemy troops or organizations. The movement is made, either by small groups or by individuals, at extended or irregular intervals. When used in connection with the enemy, it implies that contact is avoided. 2. In intelligence usage, placing an agent or JP 1-02 163 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 other person in a target area in hostile territory. Usually involves crossing a frontier or other guarded line. Methods of infiltration are: black (clandestine); grey (through legal crossing point but under false documentation); and white (legal). (JP 3-05.1) inflight report — The transmission from the airborne system of information obtained both at the target and en route. influence mine — A mine actuated by the effect of a target on some physical condition in the vicinity of the mine or on radiations emanating from the mine. See also mine. (JP 3-15) influence sweep — A sweep designed to produce an influence similar to that produced by a ship and thus actuate mines. (JP 3-15) information — 1. Facts, data, or instructions in any medium or form. 2. The meaning that a human assigns to data by means of the known conventions used in their representation. (JP 3-13.1) information assurance — Measures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and nonrepudiation. This includes providing for restoration of information systems by incorporating protection, detection, and reaction capabilities. Also called IA. See also information; information operations; information system. (JP 3-13) information-based processes — Processes that collect, analyze, and disseminate information using any medium or form. These processes may be stand-alone processes or sub-processes that, taken together, comprise a larger system or systems of processes. See also information system. (JP 3-13) information environment — The aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information. See also information system. (JP 3-13) information management — The function of managing an organization’s information resources for the handling of data and information acquired by one or many different systems, individuals, and organizations in a way that optimizes access by all who have a share in that data or a right to that information. Also called IM. (JP 3-0) information operations — The integrated employment, during military operations, of information-related capabilities in concert with other lines of operation to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decision-making of adversaries and potential adversaries while protecting our own. Also called IO. See also computer network operations; electronic warfare; military deception; operations security; military information support operations. (SecDef Memo 12401-10) information report — Report used to forward raw information collected to fulfill intelligence requirements. 164 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 information requirements — In intelligence usage, those items of information regarding the adversary and other relevant aspects of the operational environment that need to be collected and processed in order to meet the intelligence requirements of a commander. See also priority intelligence requirement. (JP 2-0) information resources — Information and related resources, such as personnel, equipment, and information technology. See also information. (JP 3-35) information security — The protection of information and information systems against unauthorized access or modification of information, whether in storage, processing, or transit, and against denial of service to authorized users. Also called INFOSEC. See also information system. (JP 3-13) information superiority — The operational advantage derived from the ability to collect, process, and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information while exploiting or denying an adversary’s ability to do the same. See also information operations. (JP 3-13) information system — The entire infrastructure, organization, personnel, and components for the collection, processing, storage, transmission, display, dissemination, and disposition of information. See also information; information operations. (JP 3-13) infrared imagery — That imagery produced as a result of sensing electromagnetic radiations emitted or reflected from a given target surface in the infrared position of the electromagnetic spectrum (approximately 0.72 to 1,000 microns). infrared pointer — A low power laser device operating in the near infrared light spectrum that is visible with light amplifying night vision devices. Also called IR pointer. (JP 3-09.3) infrastructure — All building and permanent installations necessary for the support, redeployment, and military forces operations (e.g., barracks, headquarters, airfields, communications, facilities, stores, port installations, and maintenance stations). (JP 335) initial assessment — An assessment that provides a basic determination of the viability of the infiltration and exfiltration portion of a proposed special operations forces mission. Also called IA. (JP 3-05.1) initial contact report — See contact report. initial operational capability — The first attainment of the capability to employ effectively a weapon, item of equipment, or system of approved specific characteristics that is manned or operated by an adequately trained, equipped, and supported military unit or force. Also called IOC. JP 1-02 165 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 initial point — 1. The first point at which a moving target is located on a plotting board. 2. A well-defined point, easily distinguishable visually and/or electronically, used as a starting point for the bomb run to the target. 3. airborne — A point close to the landing area where serials (troop carrier air formations) make final alterations in course to pass over individual drop or landing zones. 4. helicopter — An air control point in the vicinity of the landing zone from which individual flights of helicopters are directed to their prescribed landing sites. 5. Any designated place at which a column or element thereof is formed by the successive arrival of its various subdivisions, and comes under the control of the commander ordering the move. Also called IP. (JP 3-09.1) initial radiation — The radiation, essentially neutrons and gamma rays, resulting from a nuclear burst and emitted from the fireball within one minute after burst. See also induced radiation; residual radiation. (JP 3-11) initial reception point — In personnel recovery, a secure area or facility under friendly control where initial reception of recovered isolated personnel can safely take place. This point is ideally associated with a medical treatment facility, can safeguard recovered isolated personnel for up to 48 hours, and is where the reintegration process begins. (JP 3-50) initial response force — The first unit, usually military police, on the scene of a terrorist incident. See also antiterrorism. (JP 3-07.2) initial unloading period — In amphibious operations, that part of the ship-to-shore movement in which unloading is primarily tactical in character and must be instantly responsive to landing force requirements. All elements intended to land during this period are serialized. See also general unloading period. (JP 3-02) initiating directive — An order to a subordinate commander to conduct military operations as directed. It is issued by the unified commander, subunified commander, Service component commander, or joint force commander delegated overall responsibility for the operation. (JP 3-18) injury — A term comprising such conditions as fractures, wounds, sprains, strains, dislocations, concussions, and compressions. In addition, it includes conditions resulting from extremes of temperature or prolonged exposure. Acute poisonings (except those due to contaminated food) resulting from exposure to a toxic or poisonous substance are also classed as injuries. See also casualty; wounded. inland petroleum distribution system —A multi-product system consisting of both commercially available and military standard petroleum equipment that can be assembled by military personnel and, when assembled into an integrated petroleum distribution system, provides the military with the capability required to support an operational force with bulk fuels. The inland petroleum distribution system is comprised of three primary subsystems: tactical petroleum terminal, pipeline segments, and pump stations. Also called IPDS. (JP 4-03) 166 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 inland search and rescue region — The inland areas of the continental United States, except waters under the jurisdiction of the United States. See also search and rescue region. inner transport area — In amphibious operations, an area as close to the landing beach as depth of water, navigational hazards, boat traffic, and enemy action permit, to which transports may move to expedite unloading. See also outer transport area; transport area. (JP 3-02) insider threat — A person, known or suspected, who uses their authorized access to Department of Defense facilities, systems, equipment, information or infrastructure to damage, disrupt operations, commit espionage on behalf of a foreign intelligence entity or support international terrorist organizations. (JP 2-01.2) instrument approach procedure — A series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually or the missed approach procedure is initiated. (JP 3-04) instrument meteorological conditions — Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling; less than minimums specified for visual meteorological conditions. Also called IMC. See also visual meteorological conditions. (JP 3-04) instruments of national power — All of the means available to the government in its pursuit of national objectives. They are expressed as diplomatic, economic, informational and military. (JP 1) in support of — Assisting or protecting another formation, unit, or organization while remaining under original control. (JP 1) insurgency — The organized use of subversion and violence by a group or movement that seeks to overthrow or force change of a governing authority. Insurgency can also refer to the group itself. (JP 3-24) integrated consumable item support — A decision support system that takes time-phased force and deployment data (i.e., Department of Defense deployment plans) and calculates the ability of the Defense Logistics Agency, the warehousing unit of the Department of Defense, to support those plans. Integrated consumable item support can calculate for the planned deployment supply/demand curves for over two million individual items stocked by the Defense Logistics Agency in support of deployment. Also called ICIS. (JP 4-03) JP 1-02 167 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 integrated logistic support — A composite of all the support considerations necessary to assure the effective and economical support of a system for its life cycle. It is an integral part of all other aspects of system acquisition and operation. Also called ILS. integrated materiel management — The exercise of total Department of Defense-level management responsibility for a federal supply group or class, commodity, or item for a single agency. It normally includes computation of requirements, funding, budgeting, storing, issuing, cataloging, standardizing, and procuring functions. Also called IMM. See also materiel; materiel management. (JP 4-07) integrated planning — In amphibious operations, the planning accomplished by commanders and staffs of corresponding echelons from parallel chains of command within the amphibious task force. See also amphibious operation; amphibious task force. (JP 3-02) integrated priority list — A list of a combatant commander’s highest priority requirements, prioritized across Service and functional lines, defining shortfalls in key programs that, in the judgment of the combatant commander, adversely affect the capability of the combatant commander’s forces to accomplish their assigned mission. Also called IPL. (JP 1-04) integrated staff — (*) A staff in which one officer only is appointed to each post on the establishment of the headquarters, irrespective of nationality and Service. See also multinational staff; joint staff. integration — 1. In force protection, the synchronized transfer of units into an operational commander's force prior to mission execution. 2. The arrangement of military forces and their actions to create a force that operates by engaging as a whole. 3. In photography, a process by which the average radar picture seen on several scans of the time base may be obtained on a print, or the process by which several photographic images are combined into a single image. See also force protection. (JP 1) intelligence — The product resulting from the collection, processing, integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of available information concerning foreign nations, hostile or potentially hostile forces or elements, or areas of actual or potential operations. The term is also applied to the activity which results in the product and to the organizations engaged in such activity. See also acoustic intelligence; all-source intelligence; basic intelligence; combat intelligence; communications intelligence; critical intelligence; current intelligence; departmental intelligence; domestic intelligence; electronic intelligence; electro-optical intelligence; foreign intelligence; foreign instrumentation signals intelligence; general military intelligence; imagery intelligence; joint intelligence; laser intelligence; measurement and signature intelligence; medical intelligence; military intelligence; national intelligence; nuclear intelligence; open-source intelligence; operational intelligence; political intelligence; radar intelligence; scientific and technical intelligence; strategic intelligence; tactical intelligence; target 168 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intelligence; technical intelligence; technical operational intelligence; terrain intelligence. (JP 2-0) intelligence annex — A supporting document of an operation plan or order that provides detailed information on the enemy situation, assignment of intelligence tasks, and intelligence administrative procedures. intelligence collection plan — A plan for gathering information from all available sources to meet an intelligence requirement. Specifically, a logical plan for transforming the essential elements of information into orders or requests to sources within a required time limit. See also intelligence process. intelligence community — All departments or agencies of a government that are concerned with intelligence activity, either in an oversight, managerial, support, or participatory role. Also called IC. (JP 2-01.2) intelligence contingency funds — Appropriated funds to be used for intelligence activities when the use of other funds is not applicable or would either jeopardize or impede the mission of the intelligence unit. intelligence database — The sum of holdings of intelligence data and finished intelligence products at a given organization. intelligence data handling systems — Information systems that process and manipulate raw information and intelligence data as required. They are characterized by the application of general purpose computers, peripheral equipment, and automated storage and retrieval equipment for documents and photographs. While automation is a distinguishing characteristic of intelligence data handling systems, individual system components may be either automated or manually operated. Also called IDHS. intelligence discipline — A well defined area of intelligence planning, collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and reporting using a specific category of technical or human resources. There are seven major disciplines: human intelligence, geospatial intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, signals intelligence, open-source intelligence, technical intelligence, and counterintelligence. See also counterintelligence; human intelligence; imagery intelligence; intelligence; measurement and signature intelligence; open-source intelligence; signals intelligence; technical intelligence. (JP 2-0) intelligence estimate — The appraisal, expressed in writing or orally, of available intelligence relating to a specific situation or condition with a view to determining the courses of action open to the enemy or adversary and the order of probability of their adoption. (JP 2-0) intelligence federation — A formal agreement in which a combatant command joint intelligence center receives preplanned intelligence support from other joint intelligence JP 1-02 169 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 centers, Service intelligence organizations, Reserve organizations, and national agencies during crisis or contingency operations. (JP 2-01) intelligence gathering — Collection of intelligence on other units or forces by own units or forces. intelligence information report — The primary vehicle used to provide human intelligence information to the consumer. It utilizes a message format structure that supports automated data entry into intelligence community databases. Also called IIR. (JP 2-01.2) intelligence interrogation — The systematic process of using approved interrogation approaches to question a captured or detained person to obtain reliable information to satisfy intelligence requirements, consistent with applicable law. (JP 2-01.2) intelligence journal — A chronological log of intelligence activities covering a stated period, usually 24 hours. It is an index of reports and messages that have been received and transmitted, important events that have occurred, and actions taken. The journal is a permanent and official record. intelligence operations — The variety of intelligence and counterintelligence tasks that are carried out by various intelligence organizations and activities within the intelligence process. Intelligence operations include planning and direction, collection, processing and exploitation, analysis and production, dissemination and integration, and evaluation and feedback. See also analysis and production; collection; dissemination and integration; evaluation and feedback; planning and direction; processing and exploitation. (JP 2-01) intelligence preparation of the battlespace — The analytical methodologies employed by the Services or joint force component commands to reduce uncertainties concerning the enemy, environment, time, and terrain. Intelligence preparation of the battlespace supports the individual operations of the joint force component commands. Also called IPB. See also joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment. (JP 2-01.3) intelligence process — The process by which information is converted into intelligence and made available to users. The process consists of six interrelated intelligence operations: planning and direction, collection, processing and exploitation, analysis and production, dissemination and integration, and evaluation and feedback. See also analysis and production; collection; dissemination and integration; evaluation and feedback; intelligence; planning and direction; processing and exploitation. (JP 2-01) intelligence-related activities — Those activities outside the consolidated defense intelligence program that: respond to operational commanders’ tasking for timesensitive information on foreign entities; respond to national intelligence community tasking of systems whose primary mission is support to operating forces; train personnel for intelligence duties; provide an intelligence reserve; or are devoted to research and development of intelligence or related capabilities. (Specifically excluded 170 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 are programs that are so closely integrated with a weapon system that their primary function is to provide immediate-use targeting data.) (JP 2-01) intelligence report — A specific report of information, usually on a single item, made at any level of command in tactical operations and disseminated as rapidly as possible in keeping with the timeliness of the information. Also called INTREP. intelligence reporting — The preparation and conveyance of information by any means. More commonly, the term is restricted to reports as they are prepared by the collector and as they are transmitted by the collector to the latter’s headquarters and by this component of the intelligence structure to one or more intelligence-producing components. Thus, even in this limited sense, reporting embraces both collection and dissemination. The term is applied to normal and specialist intelligence reports. (JP 2-01.2) intelligence requirement — 1. Any subject, general or specific, upon which there is a need for the collection of information, or the production of intelligence. 2. A requirement for intelligence to fill a gap in the command’s knowledge or understanding of the operational environment or threat forces. See also intelligence; priority intelligence requirement. (JP 2-0) intelligence source — The means or system that can be used to observe and record information relating to the condition, situation, or activities of a targeted location, organization, or individual. An intelligence source can be people, documents, equipment, or technical sensors. See also intelligence; source. (JP 2-0) intelligence subject code — A system of subject and area references to index the information contained in intelligence reports as required by a general intelligence document reference service. intelligence summary — A specific report providing a summary of items of intelligence at frequent intervals. Also called INTSUM. See also intelligence. intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance — An activity that synchronizes and integrates the planning and operation of sensors, assets, and processing, exploitation, and dissemination systems in direct support of current and future operations. This is an integrated intelligence and operations function. Also called ISR. See also intelligence; intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance visualization; reconnaissance; surveillance. (JP 2-01) intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance visualization — The capability to graphically display the current and future locations of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance sensors, their projected platform tracks, vulnerability to threat capabilities and meteorological and oceanographic phenomena, fields of regard, tasked collection targets, and products to provide a basis for dynamic re-tasking and time-sensitive decision making. Also called ISR visualization. See also intelligence; intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance; reconnaissance; surveillance. (JP 2-01) JP 1-02 171 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intelligence system — Any formal or informal system to manage data gathering, to obtain and process the data, to interpret the data, and to provide reasoned judgments to decision makers as a basis for action. The term is not limited to intelligence organizations or services but includes any system, in all its parts, that accomplishes the listed tasks. (JP 2-01) intention — An aim or design (as distinct from capability) to execute a specified course of action. (JP 2-01) interagency — Of or pertaining to United States Government agencies and departments, including the Department of Defense. See also interagency coordination. (JP 3-08) interagency coordination — Within the context of Department of Defense involvement, the coordination that occurs between elements of Department of Defense, and engaged US Government agencies and departments for the purpose of achieving an objective. (JP 3-0) interdepartmental or agency support — Provision of logistic and/or administrative support in services or materiel by one or more Military Services to one or more departments or agencies of the United States Government (other than military) with or without reimbursement. See also international logistic support; inter-Service support; support. interdepartmental intelligence — Integrated departmental intelligence that is required by departments and agencies of the United States Government for the execution of their missions but which transcends the exclusive competence of a single department or agency to produce. interdiction — 1. An action to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemy’s military surface capability before it can be used effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives. 2. In support of law enforcement, activities conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, intercept, board, detain, or destroy, under lawful authority, vessels, vehicles, aircraft, people, cargo, and money. See also air interdiction. (JP 3-03) intergovernmental organization — An organization created by a formal agreement between two or more governments on a global, regional, or functional basis to protect and promote national interests shared by member states. Also called IGO. (JP 3-08) intermediate maintenance (field) — Maintenance that is the responsibility of and performed by designated maintenance activities for direct support of using organizations. Its phases normally consist of: a. calibration, repair, or replacement of damaged or unserviceable parts, components, or assemblies; b. the emergency manufacture of nonavailable parts; and c. providing technical assistance to using organizations. 172 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intermediate staging base — A tailorable, temporary location used for staging forces, sustainment and/or extraction into and out of an operational area. Also called ISB. See also base; staging base. (JP 3-35) intermodal — Type of international freight system that permits transshipping among sea, highway, rail, and air modes of transportation through use of American National Standards Institute and International Organization for Standardization containers, linehaul assets, and handling equipment. See also International Organization for Standardization. (JP 4-09) intermodal systems — Specialized transportation facilities, assets, and handling procedures designed to create a seamless transportation system by combining multimodal operations and facilities during the shipment of cargo. See also intermodal; transportation system. (JP 4-01) internal audience — US military members and Department of Defense civilian employees and their immediate families. See also external audience. (JP 3-61) internal defense and development — The full range of measures taken by a nation to promote its growth and to protect itself from subversion, lawlessness, insurgency, terrorism, and other threats to its security. Also called IDAD. See also foreign internal defense. (JP 3-22) internal information — See command information. internally displaced person — Any person who has been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their home or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized state border. (JP 3-29) internal security — The state of law and order prevailing within a nation. (JP 3-08) internal waters — All waters, other than lawfully claimed archipelagic waters, landward of the baseline from which the territorial sea is measured. Archipelagic states may also delimit internal waters consistent with the 1982 convention on the law of the sea. All states have complete sovereignty over their internal waters. International Convention for Safe Containers — A convention held in Geneva, Switzerland, on 2 Dec 1972, which resulted in setting standard safety requirements for containers moving in international transport. These requirements were ratified by the United States on 3 January 1978. Also called CSC. (JP 4-09) international cooperative logistics — (*) Cooperation and mutual support in the field of logistics through the coordination of policies, plans, procedures, development activities, JP 1-02 173 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 and the common supply and exchange of goods and services arranged on the basis of bilateral and multilateral agreements with appropriate cost reimbursement provisions. international logistics — The negotiating, planning, and implementation of supporting logistic arrangements between nations, their forces, and agencies. It includes furnishing logistic support (major end items, materiel, and/or services) to, or receiving logistic support from, one or more friendly foreign governments, international organizations, or military forces, with or without reimbursement. It also includes planning and actions related to the intermeshing of a significant element, activity, or component of the military logistic systems or procedures of the United States with those of one or more foreign governments, international organizations, or military forces on a temporary or permanent basis. It includes planning and actions related to the utilization of United States logistic policies, systems, and/or procedures to meet requirements of one or more foreign governments, international organizations, or forces. (JP 4-08) international logistic support — The provision of military logistic support by one participating nation to one or more participating nations, either with or without reimbursement. See also interdepartmental or agency support; inter-Service support; support. international military education and training — Formal or informal instruction provided to foreign military students, units, and forces on a nonreimbursable (grant) basis by offices or employees of the United States, contract technicians, and contractors. Instruction may include correspondence courses; technical, educational, or informational publications; and media of all kinds. Also called IMET. See also United States Military Service funded foreign training. (JP 3-22) international narcotics activities — Those activities outside the United States which produce, transfer, or sell narcotics or other substances controlled in accordance with Title 21, “Food and Drugs” — United States Code, sections 811 and 812. (JP 3-07.4) International Organization for Standardization — A worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 100 countries, one from each country. The International Organization for Standardization is a nongovernmental organization, established to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity. Also called ISO. (JP 4-09) interoperability — 1. The ability to operate in synergy in the execution of assigned tasks. (JP 3-0) 2. The condition achieved among communications-electronics systems or items of communications-electronics equipment when information or services can be exchanged directly and satisfactorily between them and/or their users. The degree of interoperability should be defined when referring to specific cases. (JP 6-0) 174 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 interorganizational coordination — The interaction that occurs among elements of the Department of Defense; engaged United States Government agencies; state, territorial, local, and tribal agencies; foreign military forces and government agencies; intergovernmental organizations; nongovernmental organizations; and the private sector. (JP 3-08) interpretation — A part of the analysis and production phase in the intelligence process in which the significance of information is judged in relation to the current body of knowledge. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) interrogation — Systematic effort to procure information by direct questioning of a person under the control of the questioner. (JP 2-01.2) inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements — Formal long-term or operational specific support agreements between Services, Department of Defense (DOD), and/or nonDOD agencies governed by DOD Instruction 4000.19, Interservice and Intragovernmental Support. These agreements, normally developed at the Service Secretariat and governmental agency director level, document funding and reimbursement procedures as well as standards of support between the supplying and receiving Service or agencies. Inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements, while binding Service level agreements, do not connote DOD-level executive agent responsibilities. See also inter-Service support. (JP 4-07) inter-Service support — Action by one Military Service or element thereof to provide logistic and/or administrative support to another Military Service or element thereof. Such action can be recurring or nonrecurring in character on an installation, area, or worldwide basis. See also interdepartmental or agency support; international logistic support; support. (JP 4-0) intertheater — Between theaters or between the continental United States and theaters. See also intertheater traffic. (JP 3-17) intertheater airlift — The common-user airlift linking theaters to the continental United States and to other theaters as well as the airlift within the continental United States. The majority of these air mobility assets is assigned to the Commander, United States Transportation Command. Because of the intertheater ranges usually involved, intertheater airlift is normally conducted by the heavy, longer range, intercontinental airlift assets but may be augmented with shorter range aircraft when required. Formerly referred to as “strategic airlift.” See also intratheater airlift. (JP 3-17) intertheater patient movement — Moving patients between, into, and out of the different theaters of the geographic combatant commands and into the continental United States or another supporting theater. See also en route care; evacuation; intratheater patient movement; patient. (JP 4-02) JP 1-02 175 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intertheater traffic — Traffic between theaters exclusive of that between the continental United States and theaters. interview (intelligence) — To gather information from a person who is aware that information is being given although there is ignorance of the true connection and purposes of the interviewer. Generally overt unless the collector is other than purported to be. intracoastal sealift — Shipping used primarily for the carriage of personnel and/or cargo along a coast or into river ports to support operations within a given area. intransit aeromedical evacuation facility — A medical facility, on or in the vicinity of an air base, that provides limited medical care for intransit patients awaiting air transportation. This type of medical facility is provided to obtain effective utilization of transport airlift within operating schedules. It includes “remain overnight” facilities, intransit facilities at aerial ports of embarkation and debarkation, and casualty staging facilities in an overseas combat area. See also aeromedical evacuation unit. (JP 4-02) in-transit visibility — The ability to track the identity, status, and location of Department of Defense units, and non-unit cargo (excluding bulk petroleum, oils, and lubricants) and passengers; patients; and personal property from origin to consignee or destination across the range of military operations. Also called ITV. See also Global Transportation Network. (JP 4-01.2) intratheater — Within a theater. (JP 3-17) intratheater airlift — Airlift conducted within a theater. Assets assigned to a geographic combatant commander or attached to a subordinate joint force commander normally conduct intratheater airlift operations. Intratheater airlift provides air movement and delivery of personnel and equipment directly into objective areas through air landing, airdrop, extraction, or other delivery techniques as well as the air logistic support of all theater forces, including those engaged in combat operations, to meet specific theater objectives and requirements. During large-scale operations, US Transportation Command assets may be tasked to augment intratheater airlift operations, and may be temporarily attached to a joint force commander. Formerly referred to as theater airlift. See also intertheater airlift. (JP 3-17) intratheater patient movement — Moving patients within the theater of a combatant command or in the continental United States. See also en route care; evacuation; intertheater patient movement; patient. (JP 4-02) intrusion — Movement of a unit or force within another nation’s specified operational area outside of territorial seas and territorial airspace for surveillance or intelligence gathering in time of peace or tension. 176 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 inventory control — That phase of military logistics that includes managing, cataloging, requirements determinations, procurement, distribution, overhaul, and disposal of materiel. Also called inventory management; materiel control; materiel management; supply management. (JP 4-09) inventory control point — An organizational unit or activity within a Department of Defense supply system that is assigned the primary responsibility for the materiel management of a group of items either for a particular Service or for the Defense Department as a whole. Materiel inventory management includes cataloging direction, requirements computation, procurement direction, distribution management, disposal direction and, generally, rebuild direction. Also called ICP. (JP 4-09) inventory management — See inventory control. inventory managers — See inventory control point. ionizing radiation — Particulate (alpha, beta, and neutron) and electromagnetic (X-ray and gamma) radiation of sufficient energy to displace electrons from atoms, producing ions. (JP 3-11) ionosphere — That part of the atmosphere, extending from about 70 to 500 kilometers, in which ions and free electrons exist in sufficient quantities to reflect electromagnetic waves. IR pointer — See infrared pointer. (JP 3-09.3) irregular forces — Armed individuals or groups who are not members of the regular armed forces, police, or other internal security forces. (JP 3-24) irregular warfare — A violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant population(s). Irregular warfare favors indirect and asymmetric approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capacities, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence, and will. Also called IW. (JP 1) isolated personnel — US military, Department of Defense civilians and contractor personnel (and others designated by the President or Secretary of Defense) who are separated from their unit (as an individual or a group) while participating in a US sponsored military activity or mission and are, or may be, in a situation where they must survive, evade, resist, or escape. See also combat search and rescue; search and rescue. (JP 3-50) isolated personnel report — A Department of Defense Form (DD 1833) containing information designed to facilitate the identification and authentication of an isolated person by a recovery force. Also called ISOPREP. See also authentication; evader; recovery force. (JP 3-50) JP 1-02 177 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 issue control group — A detachment that operates the staging area, consisting of holding areas and loading areas, in an operation. See also staging area. (JP 4-01.6) item manager — An individual within the organization of an inventory control point or other such organization assigned management responsibility for one or more specific items of materiel. (JP 4-09) 178 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 J J-2X — The staff element of the intelligence directorate of a joint staff that combines and represents the principal authority for counterintelligence and human intelligence support. See also counterintelligence; human intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) jamming — See barrage jamming; electronic attack; electromagnetic jamming. joint — Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate. (JP 1) joint acquisition review board — A joint task force or subunified commander established board used to review and make recommendations for controlling critical common-user logistic supplies and services within the joint operational area and to recommend the proper sources of support for approved support requirements. Also called JARB. See also combatant commander logistic procurement support board; joint contracting support board. (JP 4-10) joint after action report — A report consisting of summary joint universal lessons learned. It describes a real world operation or training exercise and identifies significant lessons learned. Also called JAAR. joint air attack team — A combination of attack and/or scout rotary-wing aircraft and fixed-wing close air support aircraft operating together to locate and attack highpriority targets and other targets of opportunity. The joint air attack team normally operates as a coordinated effort supported by fire support, air defense artillery, naval surface fire support, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance systems, electronic warfare systems, and ground maneuver forces against enemy forces. Joint terminal attack controllers may perform duties as directed by the air mission commander in support of the ground commander’s scheme of maneuver. Also called JAAT. See also close air support. (JP 3-09.3) joint air component coordination element — A general term for the liaison element that serves as the direct representative of the joint force air component commander for joint air operations. Also called JACCE. (JP 3-30) joint air operations — Air operations performed with air capabilities/forces made available by components in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives, or in support of other components of the joint force. (JP 3-30) joint air operations center — A jointly staffed facility established for planning, directing, and executing joint air operations in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives. Also called JAOC. See also joint air operations. (JP 3-30) JP 1-02 179 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint air operations plan — A plan for a connected series of joint air operations to achieve the joint force commander’s objectives within a given time and joint operational area. Also called JAOP. See also joint air operations. (JP 3-30) joint base — For purposes of base defense operations, a joint base is a locality from which operations of two or more of the Military Departments are projected or supported and which is manned by significant elements of two or more Military Departments or in which significant elements of two or more Military Departments are located. See also base. (JP 3-10) joint captured materiel exploitation center — A physical location for deriving intelligence information from captured enemy materiel. It is normally subordinate to the joint force/J-2. Also called JCMEC. (JP 2-01) joint civil-military operations task force — A joint task force composed of civil-military operations units from more than one Service. It provides support to the joint force commander in humanitarian or nation assistance operations, theater campaigns, or civil-military operations concurrent with or subsequent to regional conflict. It can organize military interaction among many governmental and nongovernmental humanitarian agencies within the theater. Also called JCMOTF. See also civilmilitary operations; joint task force. (JP 3-05.1) joint combined exchange training — A program conducted overseas to fulfill US forces training requirements and at the same time exchange the sharing of skills between US forces and host nation counterparts. Also called JCET. (JP 3-05) joint communications network — The aggregation of all the joint communications systems in a theater. The joint communications network includes the joint multichannel trunking and switching system and the joint command and control communications system(s). Also called JCN. (JP 6-0) joint concept — Links strategic guidance to the development and employment of future joint force capabilities and serve as “engines for transformation” that may ultimately lead to doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel and facilities (DOTMLPF) and policy changes. (CJCSI 3010.02) joint contracting support board — A joint task force or subunified commander established board to coordinate all contracting support and to determine specific contracting mechanisms to obtain commercially procured common logistic supplies and services within the joint operational area. Also called JCSB. See also combatant commander logistic procurement support board; joint acquisition review board. (JP 4-10) joint counterintelligence unit — An organization composed of Service and Department of Defense agency counterintelligence personnel, formed under the authority of the Secretary of Defense and assigned to a combatant commander, which focuses on 180 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 combatant command strategic and operational counterintelligence missions. called JCIU. (JP 2-01.2) Also joint deployable intelligence support system — A transportable workstation and communications suite that electronically extends a joint intelligence center to a joint task force or other tactical user. Also called JDISS. (JP 2-0) Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise — The complex of equipment, procedures, doctrine, leaders, technical connectivity, information, shared knowledge, organizations, facilities, training, and materiel necessary to conduct joint distribution operations. Also called JDDE. (DODI 5851.06) joint deployment and distribution operations center — A combatant command movement control organization designed to synchronize and optimize national and theater multimodal resources for deployment, distribution, and sustainment, Also called JDDOC. (JP 4-09) joint desired point of impact — A unique, alpha-numeric coded aimpoint identified by a three dimensional (latitude, longitude, elevation) mensurated point. It represents a weapon or capabilities desired point of impact or penetration and is used as the standard for identifying aimpoints. Also called a JDPI. See also aimpoint; desired point of impact; desired mean point of impact. (JP 3-60) joint distribution — The operational process of synchronizing all elements of the joint logistic system using the Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise for end-to-end movement of forces and materiel from point of origin to the designated point of need. (JP 4-09) joint doctrine — Fundamental principles that guide the employment of US military forces in coordinated action toward a common objective. Joint doctrine contained in joint publications also includes terms, tactics, techniques, and procedures. It is authoritative but requires judgment in application. See also Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual; doctrine; joint publication; joint test publication; multinational doctrine. (CJCSI 5120.02) joint doctrine development community — The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Services, the combatant commands, the Joint Staff, the combat support agencies, and the doctrine development agencies of the Services and the joint community. Also called JDDC. (CJCSI 5120.02) Joint Doctrine Development System — The system of lead agents, Joint Staff doctrine sponsors, primary review authorities, coordinating review authorities, technical review authorities, assessment agents, evaluation agents, Joint Doctrine Planning Conference, procedures, and hierarchical framework designed to initiate, develop, approve, and maintain joint publications. Also called JDDS. (CJCSI 5120.02) JP 1-02 181 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Joint Doctrine Planning Conference — A forum that meets semiannually to address and vote on project proposals; discuss key joint doctrinal and operational issues; discuss potential changes to the joint doctrine development process; keep up to date on the status of the joint publication projects and emerging publications; and keep abreast of other initiatives of interest to the members. The Joint Doctrine Planning Conference provides recommendations that are approved by the Joint Staff/J-7, in the name of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Also called JDPC. (CJCSI 5120.02) joint document exploitation center — A physical location for deriving intelligence information from captured adversary documents including all forms of electronic data and other forms of stored textual and graphic information. It is normally subordinate to the joint force intelligence directorate. Also called JDEC. See also intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) joint duty assignment — An assignment to a designated position in a multi-Service, joint or multinational command or activity that is involved in the integrated employment or support of the land, sea, and air forces of at least two of the three Military Departments. Such involvement includes, but is not limited to, matters relating to national military strategy, joint doctrine and policy, strategic planning, contingency planning, and command and control of combat operations under a unified or specified command. Also called JDA. Joint Duty Assignment List — Positions designated as joint duty assignments are reflected in a list approved by the Secretary of Defense and maintained by the Joint Staff. The Joint Duty Assignment List is reflected in the Joint Duty Assignment Management Information System. Also called JDAL. joint engagement zone — In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which multiple air defense systems (surface-to-air missiles and aircraft) are simultaneously employed to engage air threats. Also called JEZ. (JP 3-52) joint facilities utilization board — A joint board that evaluates and reconciles component requests for real estate, use of existing facilities, inter-Service support, and construction to ensure compliance with Joint Civil-Military Engineering Board priorities. Also called JFUB. (JP 3-34) joint field office — A temporary multiagency coordination center established at the incident site to provide a central location for coordination of federal, state, local, tribal, nongovernmental, and private-sector organizations with primary responsibility for incident oversight, direction, and/or assistance to effectively coordinate protection, prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery actions. Also called JFO. (JP 3-28) joint fires — Fires delivered during the employment of forces from two or more components in coordinated action to produce desired effects in support of a common objective. See also fires. (JP 3-0) 182 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint fires element — An optional staff element that provides recommendations to the operations directorate to accomplish fires planning and synchronization. Also called JFE. See also fire support; joint fires. (JP 3-60) joint fires observer — A trained Service member who can request, adjust, and control surface-to-surface fires, provide targeting information in support of Type 2 and 3 close air support terminal attack control, and perform autonomous terminal guidance operations. Also called JFO. (JP 3-09.3) joint fire support — Joint fires that assist air, land, maritime, and special operations forces to move, maneuver, and control territory, populations, airspace, and key waters. See also fire support; joint fires. (JP 3-0) joint flow and analysis system for transportation — System that determines the transportation feasibility of a course of action or operation plan; provides daily lift assets needed to move forces and resupply; advises logistic planners of channel and port inefficiencies; and interprets shortfalls from various flow possibilities. Also called JFAST. See also course of action; operation plan; system. (JP 3-35) joint force — A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements, assigned or attached, of two or more Military Departments operating under a single joint force commander. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0) joint force air component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking air forces; planning and coordinating air operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. Also called JFACC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0) joint force chaplain — The military chaplain designated by the joint force commander to serve as the senior chaplain for the joint force. Also called the JFCH. (JP 1-05) joint force commander — A general term applied to a combatant commander, subunified commander, or joint task force commander authorized to exercise combatant command (command authority) or operational control over a joint force. Also called JFC. See also joint force. (JP 1) joint force land component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking land forces; planning and coordinating land operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. Also called JFLCC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0) JP 1-02 183 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint force maritime component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking maritime forces and assets; planning and coordinating maritime operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. Also called JFMCC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0) joint force special operations component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking special operations forces and assets; planning and coordinating special operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. Also called JFSOCC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0) joint force surgeon — A general term applied to a Department of Defense medical department officer appointed by the joint force commander to serve as the joint force special staff officer responsible for establishing, monitoring, or evaluating joint force health service support. Also called JFS. See also health service support; joint force. (JP 4-02) joint functions — Related capabilities and activities placed into six basic groups of command and control, intelligence, fires, movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment to help joint force commanders synchronize, integrate, and direct joint operations. (JP 3-0) joint information system — Integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, timely information during a crisis or incident. Also called JIS. (JP 3-28) joint integrated prioritized target list — A prioritized list of targets approved and maintained by the joint force commander. Targets and priorities are derived from the recommendations of components and other appropriate agencies, in conjunction with their proposed operations supporting the joint force commander’s objectives and guidance. Also called JIPTL. See also target. (JP 3-60) joint intelligence — Intelligence produced by elements of more than one Service of the same nation. (JP 2-0) joint intelligence architecture — A dynamic, flexible structure that consists of the Defense Joint Intelligence Operations Center, combatant command joint intelligence operations centers, and subordinate joint task force intelligence operations centers or joint intelligence support elements. This architecture encompasses automated data processing equipment capabilities, communications and information requirements, and responsibilities to provide national, theater, and tactical commanders with the full range 184 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 of intelligence required for planning and conducting operations. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) joint intelligence operations center — An interdependent, operational intelligence organization at the Department of Defense, combatant command, or joint task force (if established) level, that is integrated with national intelligence centers, and capable of accessing all sources of intelligence impacting military operations planning, execution, and assessment. Also called JIOC. (JP 2-0) joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment — The analytical process used by joint intelligence organizations to produce intelligence estimates and other intelligence products in support of the joint force commander’s decision-making process. It is a continuous process that includes defining the operational environment; describing the impact of the operational environment; evaluating the adversary; and determining adversary courses of action. Also called JIPOE. (JP 2-01.3) joint intelligence support element — A subordinate joint force element whose focus is on intelligence support for joint operations, providing the joint force commander, joint staff, and components with the complete air, space, ground, and maritime adversary situation. Also called JISE. See also intelligence; joint force; joint operations. (JP 2-01) joint interagency coordination group — A staff group that establishes regular, timely, and collaborative working relationships between civilian and military operational planners. Also called JIACG. (JP 3-08) joint interface control officer — The senior interface control officer for multi-tactical data link networks in the joint force. Responsible for development and validation of the architecture and the joint interoperability and management of the multi-tactical data link networks. Oversees operations of a joint interface control cell. Also called JICO. (JP 3-01) joint interrogation and debriefing center — Physical location for the exploitation of intelligence information from detainees and other sources. Also called JIDC. See also information; intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) joint interrogation operations — 1. Activities conducted by a joint or interagency organization to extract information for intelligence purposes from enemy prisoners of war, dislocated civilians, enemy combatants, or other uncategorized detainees. 2. Activities conducted in support of law enforcement efforts to adjudicate enemy combatants who are believed to have committed crimes against US persons or property. Also called JIO. See also enemy combatant. (JP 2-01) joint land operations — Land operations performed across the range of military operations with land forces made available by Service components in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives, or in support of other components of the joint force. (JP 3-31) JP 1-02 185 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint land operations plan — A plan for a connected series of joint land operations to achieve the joint force commander’s objectives within a given time and operational area. (JP 3-31) joint logistics — The coordinated use, synchronization, and sharing of two or more Military Departments’ logistic resources to support the joint force. See also logistics. (JP 4-0) Joint Logistics Operations Center — The Joint Logistics Operations Center is the current operations division within the Logistics Directorate of the Joint Staff. It monitors crisis, exercises, and interagency actions. It also works acquisition and cross-servicing agreements as well as international logistics. The Joint Logistics Operations Center reviews deployment orders produced by the Operations Directorate of the Joint Staff for logistic issues and ensures the correct airlift priority code is assigned. Also called JLOC. See also logistics. (JP 4-01) joint logistics over-the-shore commander — The joint logistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) commander is selected by the joint force commander (JFC) and is usually from either the Army or Navy components that are part of the JFC’s task organization. This individual then builds a joint headquarters from personnel and equipment in theater to organize the efforts of all elements participating in accomplishing the JLOTS mission having either wet or dry cargo or both. JLOTS commanders will usually integrate members from each participating organization to balance the overall knowledge base in their headquarters. See also joint logistics over-the-shore operations. (JP 4-01.6) joint logistics over-the-shore operations — Operations in which Navy and Army logistics over-the-shore forces conduct logistics over-the-shore operations together under a joint force commander. Also called JLOTS operations. See also joint logistics; logistics over-the-shore operations. (JP 4-01.2) joint manpower program — The policy, processes, and systems used in determination and prioritization within and among joint Service manpower requirements. Also called JMP. (JP 1-0) joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination cell — A subset of a joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization which is delegated the responsibility of executing the coordination of meteorological and oceanographic support operations in the operational area. Also called JMCC. (JP 3-59) joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization — A Service meteorological and oceanographic organization which is designated within the operations order as the lead organization responsible for coordinating meteorological and oceanographic operations support in the operational area. Also called JMCO. (JP 3-59) 186 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint meteorological and oceanographic officer — Officer designated to provide direct meteorological and oceanographic support to a joint force commander. Also called JMO. (JP 3-59) joint military information support operations task force — A joint special operations task force composed of headquarters and operational assets. It assists the joint force commander in developing strategic, operational, and tactical military information support operation plans for a theater campaign or other operations. Mission requirements will determine its composition and assigned or attached units to support the joint task force commander. Also called JMTF. See also joint special operations task force; military information support operations; special operations. (JP 3-13.2) joint mission-essential task — A mission task selected by a joint force commander deemed essential to mission accomplishment and defined using the common language of the universal joint task list in terms of task, condition, and standard. Also called JMET. See also condition, universal joint task list. joint mortuary affairs office — Plans and executes all mortuary affairs programs within a theater. Provides guidance to facilitate the conduct of all mortuary programs and to maintain data (as required) pertaining to recovery, identification, and disposition of all US dead and missing in the assigned theater. Serves as the central clearing point for all mortuary affairs and monitors the deceased and missing personal effects program. Also called JMAO. See also mortuary affairs; personal effects. (JP 4-06) joint movement center — The center established to coordinate the employment of all means of transportation (including that provided by allies or host nations) to support the concept of operations. This coordination is accomplished through establishment of transportation policies within the assigned operational area, consistent with relative urgency of need, port and terminal capabilities, transportation asset availability, and priorities set by a joint force commander. Also called JMC. See also concept of operations. (JP 4-0) joint network operations control center — An element of the J-6 established to support a joint force commander. The joint network operations control center serves as the single control agency for the management and direction of the joint force communications systems. The joint network operations control center may include plans and operations, administration, system control, and frequency management sections. Also called JNCC. (JP 6-0) joint nuclear accident coordinating center — A combined Defense Special Weapons Agency and Department of Energy centralized agency for exchanging and maintaining information concerned with radiological assistance capabilities and coordinating that assistance in response to an accident or incident involving radioactive materials. Also called JNACC. JP 1-02 187 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint operation planning — Planning activities associated with joint military operations by combatant commanders and their subordinate joint force commanders in response to contingencies and crises. See also execution planning; Joint Operation Planning and Execution System; joint operation planning process. (JP 5-0) Joint Operation Planning and Execution System — An Adaptive Planning and Execution system technology. Also called JOPES. See also joint operation planning; joint operations; level of detail. (JP 5-0) joint operation planning process — An orderly, analytical process that consists of a logical set of steps to analyze a mission, select the best course of action, and produce a joint operation plan or order. Also called JOPP. See also joint operation planning; Joint Operation Planning and Execution System. (JP 5-0) joint operations — A general term to describe military actions conducted by joint forces and those Service forces employed in specified command relationships with each other, which of themselves, do not establish joint forces. (JP 3-0) joint operations area — An area of land, sea, and airspace, defined by a geographic combatant commander or subordinate unified commander, in which a joint force commander (normally a joint task force commander) conducts military operations to accomplish a specific mission. Also called JOA. See also area of responsibility; joint special operations area. (JP 3-0) joint operations area forecast — The official baseline meteorological and oceanographic forecast for operational planning and mission execution within the joint operations area. Also called JOAF. (JP 3-59) joint operations center — A jointly manned facility of a joint force commander’s headquarters established for planning, monitoring, and guiding the execution of the commander’s decisions. Also called JOC. joint patient movement requirements center — A joint activity established to coordinate the joint patient movement requirements function for a joint task force operating within a unified command area of responsibility. It coordinates with the theater patient movement requirements center for intratheater patient movement and the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center for intertheater patient movement. Also called JPMRC. See also health service support; joint force surgeon; joint operations area; medical treatment facility; patient. (JP 4-02) joint patient movement team — Teams comprised of personnel trained in medical regulating and movement procedures. These teams can supplement a global, theater, or joint patient movement requirements center staff. Joint patient movement teams are under the operational control of the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center until attached to a theater/joint patient movement requirements center or forward 188 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 element supporting the respective joint operation or Federal Emergency Management Agency contingency. Also called JPMT. (JP 4-02) joint personnel accountability reconciliation and reporting — A data repository developed and implemented by the Defense Manpower Data Center that consumes and reconciles data from existing Service deployment systems. Also called JPARR. (JP 10) joint personnel reception center — A center established in an operational area by the appropriate joint force commander with the responsibility for the in-processing and outprocessing of personnel upon their arrival in and departure from the theater. Also called JPRC. (JP 1-0) joint personnel recovery center — The primary joint force organization responsible for planning and coordinating personnel recovery for military operations within the assigned operational area. Also called JPRC. See also combat search and rescue; search and rescue. (JP 3-50) joint personnel recovery support product — The basic reference document for personnel recovery-specific information on a particular country or region of interest. Also called JPRSP. (JP 3-50) joint personnel training and tracking activity — The continental United States center established to facilitate the reception, accountability, processing, training, and onward movement of individual augmentees preparing for overseas movement to support a joint military operation. Also called JPTTA. (JP 1-0) joint planning and execution community — Those headquarters, commands, and agencies involved in the training, preparation, mobilization, deployment, employment, support, sustainment, redeployment, and demobilization of military forces assigned or committed to a joint operation. Also called JPEC. (JP 5-0) joint planning group — A planning organization consisting of designated representatives of the joint force headquarters principal and special staff sections, joint force components (Service and/or functional), and other supporting organizations or agencies as deemed necessary by the joint force commander. Also called JPG. See also crisis action planning; joint operation planning. (JP 5-0) joint proponent — A Service, combatant command, or Joint Staff directorate assigned coordinating authority to lead the collaborative development and integration of joint capability with specific responsibilities designated by the Secretary of Defense. (SecDef Memo 03748-09) Joint Public Affairs Support Element — A deployable unit assigned to assist a joint force commander in developing and training public affairs forces in joint, interagency, and multinational environments. Also called JPASE. (JP 3-61) JP 1-02 189 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint publication — A publication containing joint doctrine that is prepared under the direction and authority of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and applies to all Armed Forces of the United States. Also called JP. See also Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual; joint doctrine; joint test publication. (CJCSI 5120.02) joint reception complex — The group of nodes (air and/or sea) designated by the supported combatant command, in coordination with the host nation and United States Transportation Command, that receives, processes, services, supports, and facilitates onward movement of personnel, equipment, materiel, and units deploying into, out of, or within a theater line of communications. See also group; node. (JP 3-35) joint reception coordination center — The organization, established by the Department of the Army as the designated Department of Defense executive agent for the repatriation of noncombatants, that ensures Department of Defense personnel and noncombatants receive adequate assistance and support for an orderly and expedient debarkation, movement to final destination in the United States, and appropriate follow-on assistance at the final destination. Also called JRCC. (JP 3-68) joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration — A phase of joint force projection occurring in the operational area. This phase comprises the essential processes required to transition arriving personnel, equipment, and materiel into forces capable of meeting operational requirements. Also called JRSOI. See also integration; joint force; reception; staging. (JP 3-35) joint restricted frequency list — A time and geographically-oriented listing of TABOO, PROTECTED, and GUARDED functions, nets, and frequencies. It should be limited to the minimum number of frequencies necessary for friendly forces to accomplish objectives. Also called JRFL. See also electronic warfare; guarded frequencies; protected frequencies; TABOO frequencies. (JP 3-13.1) joint security area — A specific surface area, designated by the joint force commander to facilitate protection of joint bases and their connecting lines of communications that support joint operations. Also called JSA. (JP 3-10) joint security coordination center — A joint operations center tailored to assist the joint security coordinator in meeting the security requirements in the joint operational area. Also called JSCC. (JP 3-10) joint security coordinator — The officer with responsibility for coordinating the overall security of the operational area in accordance with joint force commander directives and priorities. Also called JSC. (JP 3-10) joint servicing — That function performed by a jointly staffed and financed activity in support of two or more Services. See also servicing. (JP 3-05) 190 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint special operations air component commander — The commander within a joint force special operations command responsible for planning and executing joint special operations air activities. Also called JSOACC. (JP 3-05) joint special operations area — An area of land, sea, and airspace assigned by a joint force commander to the commander of a joint special operations force to conduct special operations activities. Also called JSOA. (JP 3-0) joint special operations task force — A joint task force composed of special operations units from more than one Service, formed to carry out a specific special operation or prosecute special operations in support of a theater campaign or other operations. Also called JSOTF. (JP 3-05) joint staff — 1. The staff of a commander of a unified or specified command, subordinate unified command, joint task force, or subordinate functional component (when a functional component command will employ forces from more than one Military Department), that includes members from the several Services comprising the force. These members should be assigned in such a manner as to ensure that the commander understands the tactics, techniques, capabilities, needs, and limitations of the component parts of the force. Positions on the staff should be divided so that Service representation and influence generally reflect the Service composition of the force. 2. (capitalized as Joint Staff) The staff under the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff as provided for in Title 10, United States Code, Section 155. The Joint Staff assists the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and, subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in carrying out their responsibilities. Also called JS. (JP 1) Joint Staff doctrine sponsor — A Joint Staff directorate assigned to coordinate a specific joint doctrine project with the Joint Staff. Joint Staff doctrine sponsors assist the lead agent and primary review authority as requested and directed and process the final coordination (and test publications if applicable) for approval. Also called JSDS. See also joint doctrine. (CJCSI 5120.02) Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan — A plan that provides guidance to the combatant commanders and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to accomplish tasks and missions based on current military capabilities. Also called JSCP. See also combatant commander; joint. (JP 5-0) joint strategic exploitation center — Theater-level physical location for an exploitation facility that functions under the direction of the joint force commander and is used to hold detainees with potential long-term strategic intelligence value, deemed to be of interest to counterintelligence or criminal investigators, or who may be a significant threat to the United States, its citizens or interests, or US allies. Also called JSEC. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 191 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Joint Strategic Planning System — One of the primary means by which the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in consultation with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the combatant commanders, carries out the statutory responsibilities to assist the President and Secretary of Defense in providing strategic direction to the Armed Forces. Also called JSPS. (JP 5-0) joint suppression of enemy air defenses — A broad term that includes all suppression of enemy air defense activities provided by one component of the joint force in support of another. Also called J-SEAD. See also suppression of enemy air defenses. (JP 3-01) joint table of distribution — A manpower document that identifies the positions and enumerates the spaces that have been approved for each organizational element of a joint activity for a specific fiscal year (authorization year), and those accepted for the four subsequent fiscal years (program years). Also called JTD. See also joint manpower program. (JP 1-0) joint targeting coordination board — A group formed by the joint force commander to accomplish broad targeting oversight functions that may include but are not limited to coordinating targeting information, providing targeting guidance and priorities, and refining the joint integrated prioritized target list. The board is normally comprised of representatives from the joint force staff, all components, and if required, component subordinate units. Also called JTCB. See also joint integrated prioritized target list; targeting. (JP 3-60) joint targeting steering group — A group formed by a combatant commander to assist in developing targeting guidance and reconciling competing requests for assets from multiple joint task forces. Also called JTSG. See also group; joint; targeting. (JP 3-60) joint target list — A consolidated list of selected targets, upon which there are no restrictions placed, considered to have military significance in the joint force commander’s operational area. Also called JTL. See also joint; target. (JP 3-60) joint task force — A joint force that is constituted and so designated by the Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a subunified commander, or an existing joint task force commander. Also called JTF. (JP 1) Joint Task Force-Civil Support — A standing joint task force established to plan and integrate Department of Defense support to the designated lead federal agency for domestic chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives consequence management operations. Also called JTF-CS. (JP 3-41) joint technical augmentation cell — A tailored team that, when directed, deploys to a supported combatant commander’s area of responsibility to provide chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear technical advice and planning assistance for executing foreign consequence management. Also called JTAC. (JP 3-41) 192 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness — A Joint Staff-level organization tasked to produce generic target vulnerability and weaponeering studies. The special operations working group is a subordinate organization specializing in studies for special operations. Also called JTCG-ME. (JP 3-05.1) joint terminal attack controller — A qualified (certified) Service member who, from a forward position, directs the action of combat aircraft engaged in close air support and other offensive air operations. A qualified and current joint terminal attack controller will be recognized across the Department of Defense as capable and authorized to perform terminal attack control. Also called JTAC. See also terminal attack control. (JP 3-09.3) joint test publication — A proposed publication produced for field-testing an emergent concept that has been validated through the Joint Experimentation Program or a similar joint process. Also called JTP. See also Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction; joint doctrine; joint publication. (CJCSI 5120.02) joint total asset visibility — The capability designed to consolidate source data from a variety of joint and Service automated information systems to provide joint force commanders with visibility over assets in-storage, in-process, and in-transit. Also called JTAV. (JP 3-35) Joint Transportation Board — Responsible to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Joint Transportation Board assures that common-user transportation resources assigned or available to the Department of Defense are allocated as to achieve maximum benefit in meeting Department of Defense objectives. Also called JTB. See also common-user transportation. (JP 4-01.2) joint urban operations — Joint operations across the range of military operations planned and conducted on, or against objectives on a topographical complex and its adjacent natural terrain, where man-made construction or the density of population are the dominant features. Also called JUOs. See also joint operations. (JP 3-06) joint warfighting capabilities assessment — A team of warfighting and functional area experts from the Joint Staff, unified commands, Services, Office of the Secretary of Defense, and Defense agencies tasked by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council with completing assessments and providing military recommendations to improve joint warfighting capabilities. Also called JWCA. Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System — The sensitive, compartmented information portion of the Defense Information Systems Network. It incorporates advanced networking technologies that permit point-to-point or multipoint information exchange involving voice, text, graphics, data, and video teleconferencing. Also called JWICS. (JP 2-0) JP 1-02 193 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 judge advocate — An officer of the Judge Advocate General’s Corps of the Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, Navy, and the United States Coast Guard who is designated as a judge advocate. Also called JA. (JP 1-04) jumpmaster — The assigned airborne qualified individual who controls paratroops from the time they enter the aircraft until they exit. See also stick commander (air transport). (JP 3-17) 194 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 K key doctrine element — A foundational core concept, principle, or idea of joint operations as established in approved joint doctrine text; other information in joint doctrine expands on or supports these foundational doctrine elements. Also called KDE. (CJCSI 5120.02) key employee — Any Reservist identified by his or her employer, private or public, as filling a key position. key facilities list — A register of selected command installations and industrial facilities of primary importance to the support of military operations or military production programs. It is prepared under the policy direction of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. key position — A civilian position, public or private (designated by the employer and approved by the Secretary concerned), that cannot be vacated during war or national emergency. (JP 1-0) keystone publications — Joint doctrine publications that establish the doctrinal foundation for a series of joint publications in the hierarchy of joint publications. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff signs these publications. Keystone publications are provided for joint personnel support, intelligence support, operations, logistic support, plans, and communications systems support. See also capstone publications; joint publication. (CJCSI 5120.02) key terrain — Any locality, or area, the seizure or retention of which affords a marked advantage to either combatant. (JP 2-01.3) kill box — A three-dimensional area used to facilitate the integration of joint fires. (JP 3-09) killed in action — A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who is killed outright or who dies as a result of wounds or other injuries before reaching a medical treatment facility. Also called KIA. See also casualty category. JP 1-02 195 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 196 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 L land control operations — The employment of land forces, supported by maritime and air forces (as appropriate) to control vital areas of the land domain. Such operations are conducted to establish local military superiority in land operational areas. See also sea control operations. (JP 3-31) land forces — Personnel, weapon systems, vehicles, and support elements operating on land to accomplish assigned missions and tasks. (JP 3-31) landing aid — Any illuminating light, radio beacon, radar device, communicating device, or any system of such devices for aiding aircraft in an approach and landing. (JP 3-04) landing area — 1. That part of the operational area within which are conducted the landing operations of an amphibious force. It includes the beach, the approaches to the beach, the transport areas, the fire support areas, the airspace above it, and the land included in the advance inland to the initial objective. 2. (Airborne) The general area used for landing troops and materiel either by airdrop or air landing. This area includes one or more drop zones or landing strips. 3. Any specially prepared or selected surface of land, water, or deck designated or used for takeoff and landing of aircraft. See also airfield; amphibious force; landing beach; landing force. (JP 3-02) landing area diagram — A graphic means of showing, for amphibious operations, the beach designations, boat lanes, organization of the line of departure, scheduled waves, landing ship area, transport areas, and the fire support areas in the immediate vicinity of the boat lanes. (JP 3-02) landing beach — That portion of a shoreline usually required for the landing of a battalion landing team. However, it may also be that portion of a shoreline constituting a tactical locality (such as the shore of a bay) over which a force larger or smaller than a battalion landing team may be landed. (JP 3-02) landing craft — A craft employed in amphibious operations, specifically designed for carrying troops and their equipment and for beaching, unloading, and retracting. It is also used for resupply operations. (JP 3-02) landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table — A table showing the assignment of personnel and materiel to each landing craft and amphibious vehicle and the assignment of the landing craft and amphibious vehicles to waves for the ship-toshore movement. (JP 3-02) landing craft availability table — A tabulation of the type and number of landing craft that will be available from each ship of the transport group. The table is the basis for the assignment of landing craft to the boat groups for the ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) JP 1-02 197 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 landing diagram — A graphic means of illustrating the plan for the ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) landing force — A Marine Corps or Army task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. The landing force, together with the amphibious task force and other forces, constitute the amphibious force. Also called LF. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation; amphibious task force; task organization. (JP 3-02) landing force operational reserve material — Package of contingency supplies prepositioned and maintained onboard selected amphibious ships to enhance reaction time and provide support for the embarked landing force in contingencies. Also called LFORM. (JP 3-02.1) landing force support party — A temporary landing force organization composed of Navy and landing force elements, that facilitates the ship-to-shore movement and provides initial combat support and combat service support to the landing force. The landing force support party is brought into existence by a formal activation order issued by the commander, landing force. Also called LFSP. See also combat service support; combat support; landing force; ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) landing group — In amphibious operations, a subordinate task organization of the landing force capable of conducting landing operations, under a single tactical command, against a position or group of positions. (JP 3-02) landing group commander — In amphibious operations, the officer designated by the commander, landing force as the single tactical commander of a subordinate task organization capable of conducting landing operations against a position or group of positions. See also amphibious operation; commander, landing force. (JP 3-02) landing plan — In amphibious operations, a collective term referring to all individually prepared naval and landing force documents that, taken together, present in detail all instructions for execution of the ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) landing sequence table — A document that incorporates the detailed plans for ship-toshore movement of nonscheduled units. (JP 3-02) landing ship — An assault ship which is designed for long sea voyages and for rapid unloading over and on to a beach. (JP 3-02) landing signalman enlisted — Enlisted man responsible for ensuring that helicopters, on signal, are safely started, engaged, launched, recovered, and shut down. Also called LSE. (JP 3-04) landing signals officer — Officer responsible for the visual control of aircraft in the terminal phase of the approach immediately prior to landing. Also called LSO. See also terminal phase. (JP 3-04) 198 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 landing site — 1. A site within a landing zone containing one or more landing points. See also airfield. 2. In amphibious operations, a continuous segment of coastline over which troops, equipment and supplies can be landed by surface means. (JP 3-02) landing zone — Any specified zone used for the landing of aircraft. Also called LZ. See also airfield. (JP 3-17) large-scale map — A map having a scale of 1:75,000 or larger. (JP 2-03) laser guided weapon — A weapon which uses a seeker to detect laser energy reflected from a laser marked/designated target and through signal processing provides guidance commands to a control system which guides the weapon to the point from which the laser energy is being reflected. Also called LGW. (JP 3-09) laser illuminator — A device for enhancing the illumination in a zone of action by irradiating with a laser beam. laser intelligence — Technical and geo-location intelligence derived from laser systems; a subcategory of electro-optical intelligence. Also called LASINT. See also electrooptical intelligence; intelligence. (JP 2-0) laser rangefinder — A device which uses laser energy for determining the distance from the device to a place or object. (JP 3-09) laser seeker — A device based on a direction sensitive receiver which detects the energy reflected from a laser designated target and defines the direction of the target relative to the receiver. See also laser guided weapon. (JP 3-09) laser spot — The area on a surface illuminated by a laser. See also spot. (JP 3-09) laser spot tracker — A device that locks on to the reflected energy from a laser-marked or designated target and defines the direction of the target relative to itself. Also called LST. (JP 3-09) laser target designator — A device that emits a beam of laser energy which is used to mark a specific place or object. Also called LTD. See also target. (JP 3-09) laser-target line — An imaginary straight line from the laser designator to the target with respect to magnetic north. See also laser target designator; target. latest arrival date — A day, relative to C-Day, that is specified by the supported combatant commander as the latest date when a unit, a resupply shipment, or replacement personnel can arrive at the port of debarkation and support the concept of operations. Also called LAD. (JP 5-0) JP 1-02 199 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 launch time — The time at which an aircraft or missile is scheduled to be airborne. launch window — The earliest and latest time a rocket may launch. laundering — In counterdrug operations, the process of transforming drug money into a more manageable form while concealing its illicit origin. Foreign bank accounts and dummy corporations are used as shelters. See also counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) law enforcement agency — Any of a number of agencies (outside the Department of Defense) chartered and empowered to enforce US laws in the following jurisdictions: The United States, a state (or political subdivision) of the United States, a territory (or political subdivision) of the United States, a federally recognized Native American tribe or Alaskan Native Village, or within the borders of a host nation. Also called LEA. (JP 3-28) law of armed conflict — See law of war. (JP 1-04) law of war — That part of international law that regulates the conduct of armed hostilities. Also called the law of armed conflict. See also rules of engagement. (JP 1-04) lay — 1. Direct or adjust the aim of a weapon. 2. Setting of a weapon for a given range, a given direction, or both. 3. To drop one or more aerial bombs or aerial mines onto the surface from an aircraft. 4. To spread a smoke screen on the ground from an aircraft. 5. To calculate or project a course. 6. To lay on: a. to execute a bomber strike; b. to set up a mission. lead — In intelligence usage, a person with potential for exploitation, warranting additional assessment, contact, and/or development. (JP 2-01.2) lead agency — The US Government agency designed to coordinate the interagency oversight of the day-to-day conduct of an ongoing operation. (JP 3-08) lead agent — 1. An individual Service, combatant command, or Joint Staff directorate assigned to develop and maintain a joint publication. 2. In medical materiel management, the designated unit or organization to coordinate or execute day-to-day conduct of an ongoing operation or function. Also called LA. (JP 4-02) lead aircraft — 1. The airborne aircraft designated to exercise command of other aircraft within the flight. 2. An aircraft in the van of two or more aircraft. lead federal agency — The federal agency that leads and coordinates the overall federal response to an emergency. Designation and responsibilities of a lead federal agency vary according to the type of emergency and the agency’s statutory authority. Also called LFA. (JP 3-41) 200 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 lead nation — One nation assumes the responsibility for procuring and providing a broad spectrum of logistic support for all or a part of the multinational force and/or headquarters. Compensation and/or reimbursement will then be subject to agreements between the parties involved. The lead nation may also assume the responsibility to coordinate logistics of the other nations within its functional and regional area of responsibility. See also logistic support; multinational force. (JP 4-0) lead Service or agency for common-user logistics — A Service component or Department of Defense agency that is responsible for execution of common-user item or service support in a specific combatant command or multinational operation as defined in the combatant or subordinate joint force commander’s operation plan, operation order, and/or directives. See also common-user logistics. (JP 4-07) left (right) bank — That bank of a stream or river on the left (right) of the observer when facing in the direction of flow or downstream. letter of assist — A contractual document issued by the United Nations to a government authorizing it to provide goods or services to a peacekeeping operation; the United Nations agrees either to purchase the goods or services or authorizes the government to supply them subject to reimbursement by the United Nations. A letter of assist typically details specifically what is to be provided by the contributing government and establishes a funding limit that cannot be exceeded. Also called LOA. See also peacekeeping. (JP 1-06) letter of authorization — A document issued by the procuring contracting officer or designee that authorizes contractor personnel authorized to accompany the force to travel to, from, and within the operational area; and, outlines government furnished support authorizations within the operational area. Also called LOA. (JP 4-10) letter of offer and acceptance — Standard Department of Defense form on which the US Government documents its offer to transfer to a foreign government or international organization US defense articles and services via foreign military sales pursuant to the Arms Export Control Act. Also called LOA. See also foreign military sales. (JP 4-08) level of detail — Within the current joint planning and execution system, movement characteristics for both personnel and cargo are described at six distinct levels of detail. Levels I, V, and VI describe personnel and Levels I through IV and VI for cargo. Levels I through IV are coded and visible in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System automated data processing. Levels V and VI are used by Joint Operation Planning and Execution System automated data processing feeder systems. a. level I - personnel: expressed as total number of passengers by unit line number. Cargo: expressed in total short tons, total measurement tons, total square feet, and total thousands of barrels by unit line number. Petroleum, oils, and lubricants is expressed by thousands of barrels by unit line number. b. level II - cargo: expressed by short tons and measurement tons of bulk, oversize, outsize, and non-air transportable cargo by unit line number. Also square feet for vehicles and non self-deployable aircraft and JP 1-02 201 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 boats by unit line number. c. level III - cargo: detail by cargo category code expressed as short tons and measurement tons as well as square feet associated to that cargo category code for an individual unit line number. d. level IV - cargo: detail for individual dimensional data expressed in length, width, and height in number of inches, and weight/volume in short tons/measurement tons, along with a cargo description. Each cargo item is associated with a cargo category code and a unit line number). e. level V - personnel: any general summarization/aggregation of level VI detail in distribution and deployment. f. level VI - personnel: detail expressed by name, Service, military occupational specialty and unique identification number. Cargo: detail expressed by association to a transportation control number or single tracking number or item of equipment to include federal stock number/national stock number and/or requisition number. Nested cargo, cargo that is contained within another equipment item, may similarly be identified. Also called JOPES level of detail. (CJCSM 3122.01A) leverage — In the context of joint operation planning, a relative advantage in combat power and/or other circumstances against the adversary across one or more domains or the information environment sufficient to exploit that advantage. See also operational art; operational design. (JP 5-0) L-hour — The specific hour on C-day at which a deployment operation commences or is to commence. (JP 5-0) liaison — That contact or intercommunication maintained between elements of military forces or other agencies to ensure mutual understanding and unity of purpose and action. (JP 3-08) life cycle — The total phases through which an item passes from the time it is initially developed until the time it is either consumed in use or disposed of as being excess to all known materiel requirements. lighterage — The process in which small craft are used to transport cargo or personnel from ship to shore. Lighterage may be performed using amphibians, landing craft, discharge lighters, causeways, and barges. (JP 4-01.6) lightweight amphibious container handler — A United States Marine Corps piece of equipment usually maneuvered by a bulldozer and used to retrieve 20-foot equivalent containers from landing craft in the surf and place them on flatbed truck trailers. See also container. (JP 4-01.6) limiting factor — A factor or condition that, either temporarily or permanently, impedes mission accomplishment. (JP 5-0) line of communications — A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an operating military force with a base of operations and along which supplies and military forces move. Also called LOC. (JP 2-01.3) 202 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 line of demarcation — A line defining the boundary of a buffer zone or area of limitation. A line of demarcation may also be used to define the forward limits of disputing or belligerent forces after each phase of disengagement or withdrawal has been completed. See also area of limitation; buffer zone; disengagement; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) line of departure — 1. In land warfare, a line designated to coordinate the departure of attack elements. Also called LD. (JP 3-31) 2. In amphibious warfare, a suitably marked offshore coordinating line to assist assault craft to land on designated beaches at scheduled times the seaward end of a boat lane. Also called LOD. (JP 3-02) line of effort — In the context of joint operation planning, using the purpose (cause and effect) to focus efforts toward establishing operational and strategic conditions by linking multiple tasks and missions. Also called LOE. (JP 5-0) line of operation — A line that defines the interior or exterior orientation of the force in relation to the enemy or that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time and space to an objective(s). Also called LOO. (JP 5-0) link — 1. A behavioral, physical, or functional relationship between nodes. 2. In communications, a general term used to indicate the existence of communications facilities between two points. 3. A maritime route, other than a coastal or transit route, which links any two or more routes. See also node. (JP 3-0) link encryption — The application of online crypto-operation to a link of a communications system so that all information passing over the link is encrypted in its entirety. listening watch — A continuous receiver watch established for the reception of traffic addressed to, or of interest to, the unit maintaining the watch, with complete log optional. litter — A basket or frame utilized for the transport of injured persons. litter patient — A patient requiring litter accommodations while in transit. littoral — The littoral comprises two segments of operational environment: 1. Seaward: the area from the open ocean to the shore, which must be controlled to support operations ashore. 2. Landward: the area inland from the shore that can be supported and defended directly from the sea. (JP 2-01.3) loading plan — All of the individually prepared documents which, taken together, present in detail all instructions for the arrangement of personnel, and the loading of equipment for one or more units or other special grouping of personnel or material moving by highway, water, rail, or air transportation. (JP 3-02.1) JP 1-02 203 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 loadmaster — An Air Force technician qualified to plan loads, to operate auxiliary materials handling equipment, and to supervise loading and unloading of aircraft. (JP 3-17) load signal — In personnel recovery, a visual signal displayed in a covert manner to indicate the presence of an individual or object at a given location. See also evasion; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) local procurement — The process of obtaining personnel, services, supplies, and equipment from local or indigenous sources. local purchase — The function of acquiring a decentralized item of supply from sources outside the Department of Defense. lock on — Signifies that a tracking or target-seeking system is continuously and automatically tracking a target in one or more coordinates (e.g., range, bearing, elevation). lodgment — A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile operational area that, when seized and held, makes the continuous landing of troops and materiel possible and provides maneuver space for subsequent operations. (JP 3-18) lodgment area — See airhead, Part 1; beachhead. loft bombing — A method of bombing in which the delivery plane approaches the target at a very low altitude, makes a definite pullup at a given point, releases the bomb at a predetermined point during the pullup, and tosses the bomb onto the target. See also toss bombing. logistic assessment — An evaluation of: a. the logistic support required to support particular military operations in a theater, country, or area; and b. the actual and/or potential logistic support available for the conduct of military operations either within the theater, country, or area, or located elsewhere. (JP 4-08) logistic estimate of the situation — An appraisal resulting from an orderly examination of the logistic factors influencing contemplated courses of action in order to provide conclusions concerning the degree and manner of that influence. (JP 4-08) logistic marking and reading symbology — A system designed to improve the flow of cargo through the seaport of embarkation and debarkation using bar code technology. See also logistics. (JP 4-01.6) logistics — Planning and executing the movement and support of forces. It includes those aspects of military operations that deal with: a. design and development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of materiel; b. movement, evacuation, and hospitalization of personnel; c. acquisition or 204 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 construction, maintenance, operation, and disposition of facilities; and d. acquisition or furnishing of services. (JP 4-0) logistics over-the-shore operation area — That geographic area required to conduct a logistics over-the-shore operation. Also called LOA. See also logistics over-theshore operations. (JP 4-01.6) logistics over-the-shore operations — The loading and unloading of ships without the benefit of deep draft-capable, fixed port facilities; or as a means of moving forces closer to tactical assembly areas dependent on threat force capabilities. Also called LOTS operations. See also joint logistics over-the-shore operations. (JP 4-01.6) logistic sourcing — The identification of the origin and determination of the availability of the time-phased force and deployment data nonunit logistic requirements. (JP 4-08) logistic support — Support that encompasses the logistic services, materiel, and transportation required to support the continental United States-based and worldwide deployed forces. (JP 4-0) logistic support (medical) — Medical care, treatment, hospitalization, and evacuation as well as the furnishing of medical services, supplies, materiel, and adjuncts thereto. lot — Specifically, a quantity of material all of which was manufactured under identical conditions and assigned an identifying lot number. low-altitude missile engagement zone — In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with low- to medium-altitude surface-to-air missiles. Also called LOMEZ. (JP 3-52) low level flight — See terrain flight. low-level transit route — A temporary corridor of defined dimensions established in the forward area to minimize the risk to friendly aircraft from friendly air defenses or surface forces. Also called LLTR. (JP 3-52) low velocity drop — A drop procedure in which the drop velocity does not exceed 30 feet per second. (JP 3-17) low visibility operations — Sensitive operations wherein the political-military restrictions inherent in covert and clandestine operations are either not necessary or not feasible; actions are taken as required to limit exposure of those involved and/or their activities. Execution of these operations is undertaken with the knowledge that the action and/or sponsorship of the operation may preclude plausible denial by the initiating power. (JP 3-05.1) JP 1-02 205 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 206 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 M magnetic bearing — See bearing. magnetic mine — A mine that responds to the magnetic field of a target. (JP 3-15) mail embargo — A temporary shutdown or redirection of mail flow to or from a specific location. (JP 1-0) main deck — The highest deck running the full length of a vessel (except for an aircraft carrier’s hanger deck). See also watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) main operating base — A facility outside the United States and US territories with permanently stationed operating forces and robust infrastructure. Main operating bases are characterized by command and control structures, enduring family support facilities, and strengthened force protection measures. Also called MOB. See also cooperative security location; forward operating site. (CJCS CM-0007-05) main operations base — In special operations, a base established by a joint force special operations component commander or a subordinate special operations component commander in friendly territory to provide sustained command and control, administration, and logistic support to special operations activities in designated areas. Also called MOB. See also advanced operations base; forward operations base. (JP 3-05.1) main supply route — The route or routes designated within an operational area upon which the bulk of traffic flows in support of military operations. Also called MSR. maintenance area — A general locality in which are grouped a number of maintenance activities for the purpose of retaining or restoring materiel to a serviceable condition. maintenance (materiel) — 1. All action taken to retain materiel in a serviceable condition or to restore it to serviceability. It includes inspection, testing, servicing, classification as to serviceability, repair, rebuilding, and reclamation. 2. All supply and repair action taken to keep a force in condition to carry out its mission. 3. The routine recurring work required to keep a facility (plant, building, structure, ground facility, utility system, or other real property) in such condition that it may be continuously used at its original or designed capacity and efficiency for its intended purpose. maintenance status — 1. A nonoperating condition, deliberately imposed, with adequate personnel to maintain and preserve installations, materiel, and facilities in such a condition that they may be readily restored to operable condition in a minimum time by the assignment of additional personnel and without extensive repair or overhaul. 2. That condition of materiel that is in fact, or is administratively classified as, unserviceable, pending completion of required servicing or repairs. 3. A condition of JP 1-02 207 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 materiel readiness that reports the level of operational readiness for a piece of equipment. major disaster — See domestic emergencies. major force — A military organization comprised of major combat elements and associated combat support, combat service support, and sustainment increments. (JP 5-0) major operation — 1. A series of tactical actions (battles, engagements, strikes) conducted by combat forces of a single or several Services, coordinated in time and place, to achieve strategic or operational objectives in an operational area. 2. For noncombat operations, a reference to the relative size and scope of a military operation. See also operation. (JP 3-0) maneuver — 1. A movement to place ships, aircraft, or land forces in a position of advantage over the enemy. 2. A tactical exercise carried out at sea, in the air, on the ground, or on a map in imitation of war. 3. The operation of a ship, aircraft, or vehicle, to cause it to perform desired movements. 4. Employment of forces in the operational area through movement in combination with fires to achieve a position of advantage in respect to the enemy. See also mission; operation. (JP 3-0) maneuverable reentry vehicle — A reentry vehicle capable of performing preplanned flight maneuvers during the reentry phase. See also multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle; multiple reentry vehicle. (JP 3-14) manifest — A document specifying in detail the passengers or items carried for a specific destination. manipulative electromagnetic deception — See electromagnetic deception. man portable — Capable of being carried by one man. Specifically, the term may be used to qualify: 1. Items designed to be carried as an integral part of individual, crew-served, or team equipment of the dismounted soldier in conjunction with assigned duties. Upper weight limit: approximately 14 kilograms (31 pounds.) 2. In land warfare, equipment which can be carried by one man over long distance without serious degradation of the performance of normal duties. manpower management — The means of manpower control to ensure the most efficient and economical use of available manpower. (JP 1-0) manpower requirements — Human resources needed to accomplish specified work loads of organizations. (JP 1-0) map chart — A representation of a land-sea area, using the characteristics of a map to represent the land area and the characteristics of a chart to represent the sea area, with 208 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 such special characteristics as to make the map-chart most useful in military operations, particularly amphibious operations. map sheet — (*) An individual map or chart either complete in itself or part of a series. Marine air command and control system — A system that provides the aviation combat element commander with the means to command, coordinate, and control all air operations within an assigned sector and to coordinate air operations with other Services. It is composed of command and control agencies with communicationselectronics equipment that incorporates a capability from manual through semiautomatic control. Also called MACCS. See also direct air support center; tactical air operations center. (JP 3-09.3) Marine Corps special operations forces — Those Active Component Marine Corps forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called MARSOF. (JP 3-05.1) marine environment — The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, and other major water bodies, including their surface interface and interaction, with the atmosphere and with the land seaward of the mean high water mark. Marine expeditionary brigade — A Marine air-ground task force that is constructed around a reinforced infantry regiment, a composite Marine aircraft group, and a combat logistics regiment. The Marine expeditionary brigade, commanded by a general officer, is task-organized to meet the requirements of a specific situation. It can function as part of a joint task force, as the lead echelon of the Marine expeditionary force, or alone. It varies in size and composition, and is larger than a Marine expeditionary unit but smaller than a Marine expeditionary force. The Marine expeditionary brigade is capable of conducting missions across the full range of military operations. Also called MEB. (JP 3-18) Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force — The Maritime Administration (MARAD) Ready Reserve Force is composed of 68 surge sealift assets owned and operated by the US Department of Transportation/MARAD and crewed by civilian mariners. In time of contingency or exercises, the ships are placed under the operational command of the Military Sealift Command. See also National Defense Reserve Fleet. (JP 4-01.6) maritime control area — An area generally similar to a defensive sea area in purpose except that it may be established any place on the high seas. Maritime control areas are normally established only in time of war. See also defensive sea area. maritime domain — The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, islands, coastal areas, and the airspace above these, including the littorals. (JP 3-32) JP 1-02 209 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 maritime domain awareness — The effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of a nation. (JP 3-32) maritime environment — The complex union and interaction between oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, and other major water bodies, with the atmosphere and land seaward of the mean high water mark. (JP 3-59) maritime forces — Forces that operate on, under, or above the sea to gain or exploit command of the sea, sea control, or sea denial and/or to project power from the sea. (JP 3-32) maritime interception operations — Efforts to monitor, query, and board merchant vessels in international waters to enforce sanctions against other nations such as those in support of United Nations Security Council Resolutions and/or prevent the transport of restricted goods. Also called MIO. (JP 3-03) maritime power projection — Power projection in and from the maritime environment, including a broad spectrum of offensive military operations to destroy enemy forces or logistic support or to prevent enemy forces from approaching within enemy weapons’ range of friendly forces. Maritime power projection may be accomplished by amphibious assault operations, attack of targets ashore, or support of sea control operations. (JP 3-32) maritime pre-positioning force operation — A rapid deployment and assembly of a Marine expeditionary force in a secure area using a combination of intertheater airlift and forward-deployed maritime pre-positioning ships. See also maritime prepositioning ships. (JP 4-01.6) maritime pre-positioning ships — Civilian-crewed, Military Sealift Command-chartered ships that are organized into three squadrons and are usually forward-deployed. These ships are loaded with pre-positioned equipment and 30 days of supplies to support three Marine expeditionary brigades. Also called MPSs. See also Navy cargo handling battalion. (JP 3-02.1) maritime search and rescue region — The waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States; the territories and possessions of the United States (except Canal Zone and the inland area of Alaska), and designated areas of the high seas. See also search and rescue region. maritime superiority — That degree of dominance of one force over another that permits the conduct of maritime operations by the former and its related land, maritime, and air forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force. (JP 3-32) 210 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 maritime supremacy — That degree of maritime superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference. (JP 3-32) marking — To maintain contact on a target from such a position that the marking unit has an immediate offensive capability. (JP 3-09.3) marshalling — 1. The process by which units participating in an amphibious or airborne operation group together or assemble when feasible or move to temporary camps in the vicinity of embarkation points, complete preparations for combat, or prepare for loading. 2. The process of assembling, holding, and organizing supplies and/or equipment, especially vehicles of transportation, for onward movement. See also staging area. (JP 3-17) marshalling area — A location in the vicinity of a reception terminal or pre-positioned equipment storage site where arriving unit personnel, equipment, materiel, and accompanying supplies are reassembled, returned to the control of the unit commander, and prepared for onward movement. The joint complex commander designating the location will coordinate the use of the facilities with other allied commands and the host nation, and will provide life support to the units while in the marshalling area. See also marshalling. (JP 3-35) mass casualty — Any large number of casualties produced in a relatively short period of time, usually as the result of a single incident such as a military aircraft accident, hurricane, flood, earthquake, or armed attack that exceeds local logistic support capabilities. See also casualty. (JP4-02) massed fire — 1. The fire of the batteries of two or more ships directed against a single target. 2. Fire from a number of weapons directed at a single point or small area. (JP 3-02) master — The commanding officer of a United States Naval Ship, a commercial ship, or a government-owned general agency agreement ship operated for the Military Sealift Command by a civilian company to transport Department of Defense cargo. Also called MA. (JP 3-02.1) master air attack plan — A plan that contains key information that forms the foundation of the joint air tasking order. Sometimes referred to as the air employment plan or joint air tasking order shell. Information that may be found in the plan includes joint force commander guidance, joint force air component commander guidance, support plans, component requests, target update requests, availability of capabilities and forces, target information from target lists, aircraft allocation, etc. Also called MAAP. See also target. (JP 3-60) materials handling equipment — Mechanical devices for handling of supplies with greater ease and economy. Also called MHE. (JP 3-35) JP 1-02 211 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 materiel — All items (including ships, tanks, self-propelled weapons, aircraft, etc., and related spares, repair parts, and support equipment, but excluding real property, installations, and utilities) necessary to equip, operate, maintain, and support military activities without distinction as to its application for administrative or combat purposes. See also equipment; personal property. (JP 4-0) materiel control — See inventory control. materiel inventory objective — The quantity of an item required to be on hand and on order on M-day in order to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain the approved US force structure (active and reserve) and those Allied forces designated for US materiel support, through the period prescribed for war materiel planning purposes. It is the quantity by which the war materiel requirement exceeds the war materiel procurement capability and the war materiel requirement adjustment. It includes the M-day force materiel requirement and the war reserve materiel requirement. (JP 4-09) materiel management — See inventory control. materiel planning — A subset of logistic planning consisting of a four-step process. a. requirements definition. Requirements for significant items must be calculated at item level detail (i.e., National Stock Number) to support sustainability planning and analysis. Requirements include unit roundout, consumption and attrition replacement, safety stock, and the needs of allies. b. apportionment. Items are apportioned to the combatant commanders based on a global scenario to avoid sourcing of items to multiple theaters. The basis for apportionment is the capability provided by unit stocks, host-nation support, theater pre-positioned war reserve stocks and industrial base, and continental United States Department of Defense stockpiles and available production. Item apportionment cannot exceed total capabilities. c. sourcing. Sourcing is the matching of available capabilities on a given date against item requirements to support sustainability analysis and the identification of locations to support transportation planning. Sourcing of any item is done within the combatant commander’s apportionment. d. documentation. Sourced item requirements and corresponding shortfalls are major inputs to the combatant commander’s sustainability analysis. Sourced item requirements are translated into movement requirements and documented in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System database for transportation feasibility analysis. Movement requirements for nonsignificant items are estimated in tonnage. materiel readiness — The availability of materiel required by a military organization to support its wartime activities or contingencies, disaster relief (flood, earthquake, etc.), or other emergencies. (JP 4-03) materiel release order — An order issued by an accountable supply system manager (usually an inventory control point or accountable depot or stock point) directing a nonaccountable activity (usually a storage site or materiel drop point) within the same supply distribution complex to release and ship materiel. Also called MRO. (JP 4-09) 212 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 materiel requirements — Those quantities of items of equipment and supplies necessary to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain a Service, formation, organization, or unit in the fulfillment of its purposes or tasks during a specified period. (JP 4-09) maximum effective range — The maximum distance at which a weapon may be expected to be accurate and achieve the desired effect. maximum ordinate — (*) In artillery and naval gunfire support, the height of the highest point in the trajectory of a projectile above the horizontal plane passing through its origin. Also called vertex height. mayday — Distress call. M-day — See times. (JP 4-06) meaconing — A system of receiving radio beacon signals and rebroadcasting them on the same frequency to confuse navigation. The meaconing stations cause inaccurate bearings to be obtained by aircraft or ground stations. (JP 3-13.1) mean point of burst — See mean point of impact. mean point of impact — (*) The point whose coordinates are the arithmetic means of the coordinates of the separate points of impact/burst of a finite number of projectiles fired or released at the same aiming point under a given set of conditions. means of transport — See mode of transport. measurement and signature intelligence — Intelligence obtained by quantitative and qualitative analysis of data (metric, angle, spatial, wavelength, time dependence, modulation, plasma, and hydromagnetic) derived from specific technical sensors for the purpose of identifying any distinctive features associated with the emitter or sender, and to facilitate subsequent identification and/or measurement of the same. The detected feature may be either reflected or emitted. Also called MASINT. See also intelligence; scientific and technical intelligence. (JP 2-0) Measurement and Signature Intelligence Requirements System — A system for the management of theater and national measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) collection requirements. It provides automated tools for users in support of submission, review, and validation of MASINT nominations of requirements to be tasked for national and Department of Defense MASINT collection, production, and exploitation resources. Also called MRS. See also measurement and signature intelligence. (JP 2-01) JP 1-02 213 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 measurement ton — The unit of volumetric measurement of equipment associated with surface-delivered cargo. Measurement tons equal total cubic feet divided by 40 (1MTON = 40 cubic feet). Also called M/T, MT, MTON. measure of effectiveness — A criterion used to assess changes in system behavior, capability, or operational environment that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, achievement of an objective, or creation of an effect. Also called MOE. See also combat assessment; mission. (JP 3-0) measure of performance — A criterion used to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment. Also called MOP. (JP 3-0) mechanical sweep — In naval mine warfare, any sweep used with the object of physically contacting the mine or its appendages. (JP 3-15) media operations center — A facility established by the joint force commander to serve as the focal point for the interface between the military and the media during the conduct of joint operations. Also called MOC. (JP 3-61) media pool — A limited number of news media who represent a larger number of news media organizations for purposes of news gathering and sharing of material during a specified activity. Pooling is typically used when news media support resources cannot accommodate a large number of journalists. See also news media representative; public affairs. (JP 3-61) medical civil-military operations — All military health-related activities in support of a joint force commander that establish, enhance, maintain or influence relations between the joint or multinational force and host nation, multinational governmental and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and the civilian populace in order to facilitate military operations, achieve US operational objectives, and positively impact the health sector. Also called MCMO. (JP 4-02) medical contingency file — A web-based database within the Defense Supply Center Philadelphia’s Readiness Management Application that identifies and manages Department of Defense medical contingency materiel requirements. (JP 4-02) medical evacuees — Personnel who are wounded, injured, or ill and must be moved to or between medical facilities. (JP 4-02) medical intelligence — That category of intelligence resulting from collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of foreign medical, bio-scientific, and environmental information that is of interest to strategic planning and to military medical planning and operations for the conservation of the fighting strength of friendly forces and the formation of assessments of foreign medical capabilities in both military and civilian sectors. Also called MEDINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-01) 214 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment — A systematic continuing process that analyzes information on medical and disease threats, enemy capabilities, terrain, weather, local medical infrastructure, potential humanitarian and refugee situations, transportation issues, and political, religious and social issues for all types of operations. Medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment is a component of the health service support mission analysis process, and the resulting statistics serves as a basis for developing health service support estimates and plans. It includes: defining the operational environment, describing the operational environment effects on health service support operations, evaluating the operational environmental threats, and determining courses of action to meet actual and potential threats. Also called MIPOE. (JP 4-02) medical protocols — Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States medical forces will initiate medical care and support to those individuals that are not Department of Defense health care beneficiaries or designated eligible for care in a military medical treatment facility by the Secretary of Defense. (JP 4-02) medical regulating — The actions and coordination necessary to arrange for the movement of patients through the levels of care. This process matches patients with a medical treatment facility that has the necessary health service support capabilities and available bed space. See also health service support; medical treatment facility. (JP 4-02) medical surveillance — The ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data derived from instances of medical care or medical evaluation, and the reporting of population-based information for characterizing and countering threats to a population’s health, well-being and performance. See also surveillance. (JP 4-02) medical treatment facility — A facility established for the purpose of furnishing medical and/or dental care to eligible individuals. Also called MTF. (JP 4-02) medium-scale map — A map having a scale larger than 1:600,000 and smaller than 1:75,000. (JP 2-03) mensuration — The process of measurement of a feature or location on the earth to determine an absolute latitude, longitude, and elevation. For targeting applications, the errors inherent in both the source for measurement as well as the measurement processes must be understood and reported. (JP 3-60) merchant ship communications system — (*) A worldwide system of communications to and from merchant ships using the peacetime commercial organization as a basis but under operational control authority, with the ability to employ the broadcast mode to ships when the situation makes radio silence necessary. Also called mercomms system. JP 1-02 215 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 merchant ship reporting and control message system — (*) A worldwide message system for reporting the movements of and information relating to the control of merchant ships. mercomms system — See merchant ship communications system. message — 1. Any thought or idea expressed briefly in a plain or secret language and prepared in a form suitable for transmission by any means of communication. (JP 6-0) 2. A narrowly focused communication directed at a specific audience to support a specific theme. (JP 3-61) meteorological and oceanographic — A term used to convey all meteorological, oceanographic, and space environmental factors as provided by Services, support agencies, and other sources. These factors include the whole range of atmospheric (weather) and oceanographic phenomena, from the sub-bottom of the earth’s oceans up to the space environment (space weather). Also called METOC. (JP 3-59) meteorological and oceanographic data — Measurements or observations of meteorological and oceanographic variables. (JP 3-59) meteorological and oceanographic environment — The surroundings, which include conditions, resources, and natural phenomena, in and through which the joint force operates. The complete environment extends from the sub-bottom of the Earth’s oceans, through maritime, land areas, airspace, ionosphere, and outward into space. (JP 3-59) meteorological and oceanographic operations support community — The collective of electronically connected, shore-based meteorological and oceanographic production facilities/centers, theater and/or regional meteorological and oceanographic production activities. Also called MOSC. See also meteorological and oceanographic. (JP 3-59) meteorology — The study dealing with the phenomena of the atmosphere including the physics, chemistry, and dynamics extending to the effects of the atmosphere on the Earth’s surface and the oceans. (JP 3-59) midcourse guidance — The guidance applied to a missile between termination of the boost phase and the start of the terminal phase of flight. midcourse phase — That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile between the boost phase and the terminal phase. See also boost phase; terminal phase. (JP 3-01) migrant — A person who (1) belongs to a normally migratory culture who may cross national boundaries, or (2) has fled his or her native country for economic reasons rather than fear of political or ethnic persecution. (JP 3-29) militarily significant fallout — Radioactive contamination capable of inflicting radiation doses on personnel which may result in a reduction of their combat effectiveness. 216 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Military Affiliate Radio System — A program conducted by the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force in which amateur radio stations and operators participate in and contribute to the mission of providing auxiliary and emergency communications on a local, national, or international basis as an adjunct to normal military communications. Also called MARS. military assistance advisory group — A joint Service group, normally under the military command of a commander of a unified command and representing the Secretary of Defense, which primarily administers the US military assistance planning and programming in the host country. Also called MAAG. (JP 3-22) Military Assistance Program — That portion of the US security assistance authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of l961, as amended, which provides defense articles and services to recipients on a nonreimbursable (grant) basis. Also called MAP. military characteristics — Those characteristics of equipment upon which depends its ability to perform desired military functions. Military characteristics include physical and operational characteristics but not technical characteristics. military civic action — The use of preponderantly indigenous military forces on projects useful to the local population at all levels in such fields as education, training, public works, agriculture, transportation, communications, health, sanitation, and others contributing to economic and social development, which would also serve to improve the standing of the military forces with the population. (US forces may at times advise or engage in military civic actions in overseas areas.) (JP 3-57) military construction — Any construction, alteration, development, conversion, or extension of any kind carried out with respect to a military installation. Also called MILCON. (JP 3-34) military deception — Actions executed to deliberately mislead adversary military decision makers as to friendly military capabilities, intentions, and operations, thereby causing the adversary to take specific actions (or inactions) that will contribute to the accomplishment of the friendly mission. Also called MILDEC. See also deception. (JP 3-13.4) Military Department — One of the departments within the Department of Defense created by the National Security Act of 1947, as amended. Also called MILDEP. See also Department of the Air Force; Department of the Army; Department of the Navy. military engagement — Routine contact and interaction between individuals or elements of the Armed Forces of the United States and those of another nation’s armed forces, or foreign and domestic civilian authorities or agencies to build trust and confidence, share information, coordinate mutual activities, and maintain influence. (JP 3-0) JP 1-02 217 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 military geography — The specialized field of geography dealing with natural and manmade physical features that may affect the planning and conduct of military operations. military government — See civil affairs. military health system — A health system that supports the military mission by fostering, protecting, sustaining, and restoring health. It also provides the direction, resources, health care providers, and other means necessary for promoting the health of the beneficiary population. These include developing and promoting health awareness issues to educate customers, discovering and resolving environmentally based health threats, providing health services, including preventive care and problem intervention, and improving the means and methods for maintaining the health of the beneficiary population, by constantly evaluating the performance of the health care services system. (JP 4-02) military information support operations — Planned operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals. The purpose of military information support operations is to induce or reinforce foreign attitudes and behavior favorable to the originator’s objectives. Also called MISO. (JP 3-13.2) military information support operations assessment team — A small, tailored team (approximately 4-12 personnel) that consists of military information support operations planners and product distribution/dissemination and logistic specialists. The team is deployed to theater at the request of the combatant commander to assess the situation, develop military information support operations objectives, and recommend the appropriate level of support to accomplish the mission. Also called MAT. (JP 3-13.2) military information support operations impact indicators — An observable event or a discernible subjectively determined behavioral change that represents an effect of a military information support operations activity on the intended foreign target audience at a particular point in time. It is measured evidence, ascertained during the analytical phase of the military information support operations development process, to evaluate the degree to which the military information support operations objective is achieved. (JP 3-13.2) military information support operations support element — A tailored element that can provide limited military information support operations support. Military information support operations support elements do not contain organic command and control capability; therefore, command relationships must be clearly defined. The size, composition and capability of the military information support operations support element are determined by the requirements of the supported commander. A military information support operations support element is not designed to provide full-scale 218 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 military information support operations capability; reachback is critical for its mission success. Also called MSE. (JP 3-13.2) military intelligence — Intelligence on any foreign military or military-related situation or activity which is significant to military policymaking or the planning and conduct of military operations and activities. Also called MI. (JP 2-01) Military Intelligence Board — A decision-making forum which formulates Department of Defense intelligence policy and programming priorities. Also called MIB. See also intelligence; military intelligence. (JP 2-0) military intervention — The deliberate act of a nation or a group of nations to introduce its military forces into the course of an existing controversy. (JP 3-0) military journalist — A US Service member or Department of Defense civilian employee providing photographic, print, radio, or television command information for military internal audiences. See also command information. (JP 3-61) military occupation — A condition in which territory is under the effective control of a foreign armed force. See also occupied territory. (JP 3-0) Military Postal Service — The command, organization, personnel, and facilities established to provide a means for the transmission of mail to and from the Department of Defense, members of the US Armed Forces, and other authorized agencies and individuals. Also called MPS. (JP 1-0) Military Postal Service Agency — The single manager operating agency established to manage the Military Postal Service. Also called MPSA. (JP 1-0) military post office — A branch of a designated US-based post office established by US Postal Service authority and operated by one of the Services. Also called MPO. (JP 10) military posture — The military disposition, strength, and condition of readiness as it affects capabilities. military resources — Military and civilian personnel, facilities, equipment, and supplies under the control of a Department of Defense component. Military Sealift Command — A major command of the US Navy reporting to Commander Fleet Forces Command, and the US Transportation Command’s component command responsible for designated common-user sealift transportation services to deploy, employ, sustain, and redeploy US forces on a global basis. Also called MSC. See also transportation component command. (JP 4-01.2) JP 1-02 219 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Military Sealift Command force — The Military Sealift Command force common-user sealift consists of three subsets: the Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force, common-user ocean transportation, and the special mission support force. These ship classes include government-owned ships (normally civilian-manned) and ships acquired by Military Sealift Command charter or allocated from other government agencies. See also common-user sealift; Military Sealift Command. (JP 4-01.2) Military Service — A branch of the Armed Forces of the United States, established by act of Congress, in which persons are appointed, enlisted, or inducted for military service, and which operates and is administered within a military or executive department. The Military Services are: the United States Army, the United States Navy, the United States Air Force, the United States Marine Corps, and the United States Coast Guard. military source operations — The collection, from, by and/or via humans, of foreign and military and military-related intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) military specification container — A container that meets specific written standards. Also called MILSPEC container. (JP 4-09) military standard requisitioning and issue procedure — A uniform procedure established by the Department of Defense for use within the Department of Defense to govern requisition and issue of materiel within standardized priorities. Also called MILSTRIP. military standard transportation and movement procedures — Uniform and standard transportation data, documentation, and control procedures applicable to all cargo movements in the Department of Defense transportation system. Also called MILSTAMP. military technician — A Federal civilian employee providing full-time support to a National Guard, Reserve, or Active Component organization for administration, training, and maintenance of the Selected Reserve. Also called MILTECH. (CJCSM 3150.13) military training — 1. The instruction of personnel to enhance their capacity to perform specific military functions and tasks. 2. The exercise of one or more military units conducted to enhance their combat readiness. military van (container) — Military-owned, demountable container, conforming to US and international standards, operated in a centrally controlled fleet for movement of military cargo. Also called MILVAN. MILSPEC container — See military specification container. (JP 4-09) MILVAN — See military van (container). 220 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 mine — 1. In land mine warfare, an explosive or other material, normally encased, designed to destroy or damage ground vehicles, boats, or aircraft, or designed to wound, kill, or otherwise incapacitate personnel and designed to be detonated by the action of its victim, by the passage of time, or by controlled means. 2. In naval mine warfare, an explosive device laid in the water with the intention of damaging or sinking ships or of deterring shipping from entering an area. See also mine warfare. (JP 3-15) mine countermeasures — All methods for preventing or reducing damage or danger from mines. Also called MCM. (JP 3-15) minefield — 1. In land warfare, an area of ground containing mines emplaced with or without a pattern. 2. In naval warfare, an area of water containing mines emplaced with or without a pattern. See also mine; mine warfare. (JP 3-15) minefield record — A complete written record of all pertinent information concerning a minefield, submitted on a standard form by the officer in charge of the emplacement operations. (JP 3-15) minefield report — An oral, electronic, or written communication concerning mining activities (friendly or enemy) submitted in a standard format by the fastest secure means available. (JP 3-15) minehunting — Employment of sensor and neutralization systems, whether air, surface, or subsurface, to locate and dispose of individual mines in a known field, or to verify the presence or absence of mines in a given area. See also minesweeping. (JP 3-15) minesweeping — The technique of clearing mines using either mechanical sweeping to remove, disturb, or otherwise neutralize the mine; explosive sweeping to cause sympathetic detonations, damage, or displace the mine; or influence sweeping to produce either the acoustic or magnetic influence required to detonate the mine. See also minehunting. (JP 3-15) mine warfare — The strategic, operational, and tactical use of mines and mine countermeasures either by emplacing mines to degrade the enemy’s capabilities to wage land, air, and maritime warfare or by countering of enemy-emplaced mines to permit friendly maneuver or use of selected land or sea areas. Also called MW. (JP 3-15) minimize — A condition wherein normal message and telephone traffic is drastically reduced in order that messages connected with an actual or simulated emergency shall not be delayed. (JP 6-0) minimum force — Those minimum actions, including the use of armed force, sufficient to bring a situation under control or to defend against hostile act or hostile intent. All actions must cease as soon as the target complies with instructions or ceases hostile action. The firing of weapons is to be considered as a means of last resort. JP 1-02 221 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 minimum obstruction clearance altitude — The specified altitude in effect between radio fixes on very high frequency omnirange airways, off-airway routes, or route segments, which meets obstruction clearance requirements for the entire route segment, and that assures acceptable navigational signal coverage only within 22 miles of a very high frequency omnirange. minimum range — 1. Least range setting of a gun at which the projectile will clear an obstacle or friendly troops between the gun and the target. 2. Shortest distance to which a gun can fire from a given position. 3. The range at which a projectile or fuse will be armed. minimum reception altitude — The lowest altitude required to receive adequate signals to determine specific very high frequency omnirange and tactical air navigation fixes. minimum-risk route — A temporary corridor of defined dimensions recommended for use by high-speed, fixed-wing aircraft that presents the minimum known hazards to lowflying aircraft transiting the combat zone. Also called MRR. (JP 3-52) missile defense — Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy missiles, or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack. (JP 3-01) mission — 1. The task, together with the purpose, that clearly indicates the action to be taken and the reason therefore. (JP 3-0) 2. In common usage, especially when applied to lower military units, a duty assigned to an individual or unit; a task. (JP 3-0) 3. The dispatching of one or more aircraft to accomplish one particular task. (JP 3-30) mission assignment — The vehicle used by the Department of Homeland Security/Emergency Preparedness and Response/Federal Emergency Management Agency to support federal operations in a Stafford Act major disaster or emergency declaration that orders immediate, short-term emergency response assistance when an applicable state or local government is overwhelmed by the event and lacks the capability to perform, or contract for, the necessary work. (JP 3-28) mission-capable — Material condition of an aircraft indicating it can perform at least one and potentially all of its designated missions. Mission-capable is further defined as the sum of full mission-capable and partial mission-capable. Also called MC. mission command — The conduct of military operations through decentralized execution based upon mission-type orders. (JP 3-31) mission needs statement — A formatted non-system-specific statement containing operational capability needs and written in broad operational terms. Also called MNS. (CJCSI 3180.01) mission-oriented protective posture — A flexible system of protection against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear contamination. This posture requires personnel to 222 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 wear only that protective clothing and equipment (mission-oriented protective posture gear) appropriate to the threat level, work rate imposed by the mission, temperature, and humidity. Also called MOPP. See also mission-oriented protective posture gear. (JP 3-11) mission-oriented protective posture gear — Military term for individual protective equipment including suit, boots, gloves, mask with hood, first aid treatments, and decontamination kits issued to military members. Also called MOPP gear. See also decontamination; mission-oriented protective posture. (JP 3-11) mission specific data sets — Further densification of global geospatial foundation data. Information created to support specific operations, operation plans, training, or system development. Information conforms to established Department of Defense data specifications. Also called MSDS. See also geospatial information and services. (JP 2-03) mission statement — A short sentence or paragraph that describes the organization’s essential task(s), purpose, and action containing the elements of who, what, when, where, and why. See also mission. (JP 5-0) mission type order — 1. An order issued to a lower unit that includes the accomplishment of the total mission assigned to the higher headquarters. 2. An order to a unit to perform a mission without specifying how it is to be accomplished. (JP 3-50) mobile inshore undersea warfare unit — A Navy surveillance unit that provides seaward security to joint logistics over-the-shore operations from either a port or harbor complex or unimproved beach sites. The mobile inshore undersea warfare unit is equipped with mobile radar, sonar, and communications equipment located within a mobile van. Also called MIUWU. See also joint logistics over-the-shore operations. (JP 4-01.6) mobile mine — A mine propelled to its laying position by propulsion equipment, such as a torpedo that sinks at the end of its run placing the mine. See also mine. (JP 3-34) mobile security force — A dedicated security force designed to defeat Level I and II threats on a base and/or base cluster. Also called MSF. (JP 3-10) mobile training team — A team consisting of one or more US military or civilian personnel sent on temporary duty, often to a foreign nation, to give instruction. The mission of the team is to train indigenous personnel to operate, maintain, and employ weapons and support systems, or to develop a self-training capability in a particular skill. The Secretary of Defense may direct a team to train either military or civilian indigenous personnel, depending upon host-nation requests. Also called MTT. mobility — A quality or capability of military forces which permits them to move from place to place while retaining the ability to fulfill their primary mission. (JP 3-17) JP 1-02 223 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 mobility air forces — The mobility air forces are comprised of those air components and Service components that are assigned air mobility forces and/or that routinely exercise command authority over their operations. Also called MAF. (JP 3-17) mobility corridor — Areas where a force will be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow military forces to capitalize on the principles of mass and speed and are therefore relatively free of obstacles. (JP 2-01.3) mobility echelon — A subordinate element of a unit that is scheduled for deployment separately from the parent unit. mobilization — 1. The act of assembling and organizing national resources to support national objectives in time of war or other emergencies. See also industrial mobilization. 2. The process by which the Armed Forces or part of them are brought to a state of readiness for war or other national emergency. This includes activating all or part of the Reserve Component as well as assembling and organizing personnel, supplies, and materiel. Mobilization of the Armed Forces includes but is not limited to the following categories: a. selective mobilization — Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and/or the President to mobilize Reserve Component units, Individual Ready Reservists, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a domestic emergency that is not the result of an enemy attack. b. partial mobilization — Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress (up to full mobilization) or by the President (not more than 1,000,000 for not more than 24 consecutive months) to mobilize Ready Reserve Component units, individual reservists, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security. c. full mobilization — Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and the President to mobilize all Reserve Component units and individuals in the existing approved force structure, as well as all retired military personnel, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security. Reserve personnel can be placed on active duty for the duration of the emergency plus six months. d. total mobilization — Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and the President to organize and/or generate additional units or personnel beyond the existing force structure, and the resources needed for their support, to meet the total requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security. Also called MOB. (JP 4-05) mobilization base — The total of all resources available, or that can be made available, to meet foreseeable wartime needs. Such resources include the manpower and materiel resources and services required for the support of essential military, civilian, and survival activities, as well as the elements affecting their state of readiness, such as (but not limited to) the following: manning levels, state of training, modernization of equipment, mobilization materiel reserves and facilities, continuity of government, civil 224 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 defense plans and preparedness measures, psychological preparedness of the people, international agreements, planning with industry, dispersion, and standby legislation and controls. (JP 4-05) mobilization exercise — An exercise involving, either completely or in part, the implementation of mobilization plans. (JP 4-05) mobilization reserves — Not to be used. See war reserves. mobilization site — The designated location where a Reserve Component unit or individual mobilizes or moves after mobilization for further processing, training, and employment. This differs from a mobilization station in that it is not necessarily a military installation. See also mobilization; mobilization station; Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) mobilization staff officer — The action officer assigned the principle responsibility or additional duties related to Reserve Component mobilization actions. See also mobilization; Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) mobilization station — The designated military installation to which a Reserve Component unit or individual is moved for further processing, organizing, equipping, training, and employment and from which the unit or individual may move to an aerial port of embarkation or seaport of embarkation. See also mobilization; mobilization site; Reserve Component. (JP 4-05) mode (identification, friend or foe) — The number or letter referring to the specific pulse spacing of the signals transmitted by an interrogator or transponder. mode of transport — One of the various modes used for a movement. For each mode, there are several means of transport. They are: a. inland surface transportation (rail, road, and inland waterway); b. sea transport (coastal and ocean); c. air transportation; and d. pipelines. (JP 4-09) Modernized Integrated Database — The national level repository for the general military intelligence available to the entire Department of Defense Intelligence Information System community and, through Global Command and Control System integrated imagery and intelligence, to tactical units. This data is maintained and updated by the Defense Intelligence Agency. Commands and Services are delegated responsibility to maintain their portion of the database. Also called MIDB. See also database. (JP 3-13.1) modified combined obstacle overlay — A joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment product used to portray the militarily significant aspects of the operational environment, such as obstacles restricting military movement, key geography, and military objectives. Also called MCOO. See also joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment. (JP 2-01.3) JP 1-02 225 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 moored — Lying with both anchors down or tied to a pier, anchor buoy, or mooring buoy. (JP 4-01.6) moored mine — A contact or influence-operated mine of positive buoyancy held below the surface by a mooring attached to a sinker or anchor on the bottom. See also mine. (JP 3-15) morale, welfare, and recreation — The merging of multiple unconnected disciplines into programs which improve unit readiness, promote fitness, build unit morale and cohesion, enhance quality of life, and provide recreational, social, and other support services. Also called MWR. (JP 1-0) mortar — A muzzle-loading, indirect fire weapon with either a rifled or smooth bore. It usually has a shorter range than a howitzer, employs a higher angle of fire, and has a tube with a length of 10 to 20 calibers. See also gun; howitzer. mortuary affairs — Provides for the search for, recovery, identification, preparation, and disposition of human remains of persons for whom the Services are responsible by status and executive order. Also called MA. See also joint mortuary affairs office. (JP 4-06) most capable Service or agency — The organization that is best suited to provide common supply commodity or logistic service support within a specific joint operation. In this context, “best suited” could mean the Service or agency that has required or readily available resources and/or expertise. The most capable Service may or may not be the dominant user in any particular operation. See also agency. (JP 4-07) mounting —1. All preparations made in areas designated for the purpose, in anticipation of an operation. It includes the assembly in the mounting area, preparation and maintenance within the mounting area, movement to loading points, and subsequent embarkation into ships, craft, or aircraft if applicable. 2. A carriage or stand upon which a weapon is placed. (JP 3-02.1) mounting area — A general locality where assigned forces of an amphibious or airborne operation, with their equipment, are assembled, prepared, and loaded in shipping and/or aircraft preparatory to an assault. See also embarkation area. (JP 3-02.1) movement control — 1. The planning, routing, scheduling, and control of personnel and cargo movements over lines of communications. 2. An organization responsible for the planning, routing, scheduling, and control of personnel and cargo movements over lines of communications. Also called movement control center or MCC. See also consumer logistics; line of communications; movement control center; movement control teams; non-unit-related cargo; non-unit-related personnel. (JP 3-10) movement control center — See movement control. 226 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 movement control team — An Army team used to decentralize the execution of movement responsibilities on an area basis or at key transportation nodes. Also called MCT. (JP 4-09) movement data — Those essential elements of information to schedule lift, obtain transportation assets, manage movement of forces, and report in-transit visibility of movements and associated forces (people, equipment, and supplies). (JP 4-09) movement group — Those ships and embarked units that load out and proceed to rendezvous in the objective area. (JP 3-02) movement order — An order issued by a commander covering the details for a move of the command. movement phase — In amphibious operations, the period during which various elements of the amphibious force move from points of embarkation to the operational area. This move may be via rehearsal, staging, or rendezvous areas. The movement phase is completed when the various elements of the amphibious force arrive at their assigned positions in the operational area. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) movement plan — In amphibious operations, the naval plan providing for the movement of the amphibious task force to the objective area. It includes information and instructions concerning departure of ships from embarkation points, the passage at sea, and the approach to and arrival in assigned positions in the objective area. See also amphibious operation; amphibious task force. (JP 3-02) movement requirement — A stated movement mode and time-phased need for the transport of units, personnel, and/or materiel from a specified origin to a specified destination. (JP 4-09) movement schedule — A schedule developed to monitor or track a separate entity, whether it is a force requirement, cargo or personnel increment, or lift asset. The schedule reflects the assignment of specific lift resources (such as an aircraft or ship) that will be used to move the personnel and cargo included in a specific movement increment. Arrival and departure times at ports of embarkation, etc., are detailed to show a flow and workload at each location. Movement schedules are detailed enough to support plan implementation. (JP 4-09) movement table — A table giving detailed instructions or data for a move. When necessary it will be qualified by the words road, rail, sea, air, etc., to signify the type of movement. Normally issued as an annex to a movement order or instruction. (JP 4-09) movement to contact — A form of the offense designed to develop the situation and to establish or regain contact. See also reconnaissance in force. JP 1-02 227 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 multichannel — Pertaining to communications, usually full duplex, on more than one channel simultaneously. Multichannel transmission may be accomplished by either time-, frequency-, code-, and phase-division multiplexing or space diversity. multinational — Between two or more forces or agencies of two or more nations or coalition partners. See also alliance; coalition. (JP 5-0) multinational doctrine — Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of two or more nations in coordinated action toward a common objective. It is ratified by participating nations. See also doctrine; joint doctrine. multinational exercise — An exercise containing one or more non-US participating force(s). See also exercise. multinational force — A force composed of military elements of nations who have formed an alliance or coalition for some specific purpose. Also called MNF. See also multinational force commander; multinational operations. (JP 1) multinational force commander — A general term applied to a commander who exercises command authority over a military force composed of elements from two or more nations. The extent of the multinational force commander’s command authority is determined by the participating nations. Also called MNFC. See also multinational force. (JP 3-16) multinational integrated logistic support — Two or more nations agree to provide logistic assets to a multinational force under operational control of a multinational force commander for the logistic support of a multinational force. See also logistic support; multinational integrated logistic support unit; multinational logistics; multinational logistic support arrangement. (JP 4-08) multinational integrated logistic support unit — An organization resulting when two or more nations agree to provide logistics assets to a multinational logistic force under the operational control of a multinational commander for the logistic support of a multinational force. Also called MILU. See also logistic support; multinational; multinational integrated logistic support. (JP 4-08) multinational logistics — Any coordinated logistic activity involving two or more nations supporting a multinational force conducting military operations under the auspices of an alliance or coalition, including those conducted under United Nations mandate. Multinational logistics includes activities involving both logistic units provided by participating nations designated for use by the multinational force commander as well as a variety of multinational logistic support arrangements that may be developed and used by participating forces. See also logistics; multinational; multinational logistic support arrangement. (JP 4-08) 228 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 multinational logistic support arrangement — Any arrangement involving two or more nations that facilitates the logistic support of a force (either the forces of the countries participating in the arrangement or other countries). See also logistic support; multinational; multinational logistics. (JP 4-08) multinational operations — A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of two or more nations, usually undertaken within the structure of a coalition or alliance. See also alliance; coalition. (JP 3-16) multinational staff — A staff composed of personnel of two or more nations within the structure of a coalition or alliance. See also integrated staff; joint staff. multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle — A reentry vehicle carried by a delivery system that can place one or more reentry vehicles over each of several separate targets. See also maneuverable reentry vehicle; multiple reentry vehicle. (JP 3-14) multiple reentry vehicle — The reentry vehicle of a delivery system that places more than one reentry vehicle over an individual target. See also maneuverable reentry vehicle; multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle. (JP 3-14) multiple warning phenomenology — Deriving warning information from two or more systems observing separate physical phenomena associated with the same events to attain high credibility while being less susceptible to false reports or spoofing. multiplexer — A device that combines (multiplexes) multiple input signals (information channels) into an aggregate signal (common channel) for transmission. multi-point refueling system — A limited number of KC-135 aircraft can be equipped with external wing-mounted pods to conduct drogue air refueling, while still maintaining boom air refueling capability on the same mission. This dual refueling capability makes KC-135s with multi-point refueling systems ideal for use as ground alert aircraft. Also called MPRS. See also air refueling. (JP 3-17) multispectral imagery — The image of an object obtained simultaneously in a number of discrete spectral bands. Also called MSI. (JP 3-14) multi-spot ship — Those ships certified to have two or more adjacent landing areas. See also spot. (JP 3-04) munitions effectiveness assessment — Conducted concurrently and interactively with battle damage assessment, the assessment of the military force applied in terms of the weapon system and munitions effectiveness to determine and recommend any required changes to the methodology, tactics, weapon system, munitions, fusing, and/or weapon delivery parameters to increase force effectiveness. Munitions effectiveness assessment is primarily the responsibility of operations with required inputs and JP 1-02 229 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 coordination from the intelligence community. assessment; battle damage assessment. (JP 2-01) Also called MEA. See also mutual support — That support which units render each other against an enemy, because of their assigned tasks, their position relative to each other and to the enemy, and their inherent capabilities. See also close support; direct support; support. (JP 3-31) 230 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 N named area of interest — The geospatial area or systems node or link against which information that will satisfy a specific information requirement can be collected. Named areas of interest are usually selected to capture indications of adversary courses of action, but also may be related to conditions of the operational environment. Also called NAI. See also area of interest. (JP 2-01.3) napalm — 1. Powdered aluminum soap or similar compound used to gelatinize oil or gasoline for use in napalm bombs or flame throwers. 2. The resultant gelatinized substance. nap-of-the-earth flight — See terrain flight. narcoterrorism — Terrorism that is linked to illicit drug trafficking. (JP 3-07.4) National Air Mobility System — A broad and comprehensive system of civilian and military capabilities and organizations that provides the President and Secretary of Defense and combatant commanders with rapid global mobility. This system effectively integrates the management of airlift, air refueling, and air mobility support assets, processes, and procedures into an integrated whole. Also called NAMS. See also airlift; air mobility; air refueling. (JP 3-17) national capital region — A geographic area encompassing the District of Columbia and eleven local jurisdictions in the State of Maryland and the Commonwealth of Virginia. Also called NCR. (JP 3-28) National Communications System — The telecommunications system that results from the technical and operational integration of the separate telecommunications systems of the several executive branch departments and agencies having a significant telecommunications capability. Also called NCS. (JP 6-0) national critical infrastructure and key assets — The infrastructure and assets vital to a nation’s security, governance, public health and safety, economy, and public confidence. They include telecommunications, electrical power systems, gas and oil distribution and storage, water supply systems, banking and finance, transportation, emergency services, industrial assets, information systems, and continuity of government operations. Also called NCI&KA. (JP 3-28) national defense area — An area established on non-Federal lands located within the United States or its possessions or territories for the purpose of safeguarding classified defense information or protecting Department of Defense (DOD) equipment and/or materiel. Establishment of a national defense area temporarily places such non-Federal lands under the effective control of the Department of Defense and results only from an emergency event. The senior DOD representative at the scene will define the boundary, mark it with a physical barrier, and post warning signs. The landowner’s JP 1-02 231 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 consent and cooperation will be obtained whenever possible; however, military necessity will dictate the final decision regarding location, shape, and size of the national defense area. Also called NDA. National Defense Reserve Fleet — 1. Including the Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of ships acquired and maintained by the Maritime Administration for use in mobilization or emergency. 2. Less the Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of the older dry cargo ships, tankers, troop transports, and other assets in Maritime Administration’s custody that are maintained at a relatively low level of readiness. They are acquired by Maritime Administration from commercial ship operators under the provisions of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936 and are available only on mobilization or congressional declaration of an emergency. Because the ships are maintained in a state of minimum preservation, activation requires 30 to 90 days and extensive shipyard work, for many. Also called NDRF. See also Ready Reserve Force. (JP 4-01.2) national defense strategy — A document approved by the Secretary of Defense for applying the Armed Forces of the United States in coordination with Department of Defense agencies and other instruments of national power to achieve national security strategy objectives. Also called NDS. (JP 3-0) national detainee reporting center — National-level center that obtains and stores information concerning enemy prisoners of war, civilian internees, and retained personnel and their confiscated personal property. May be established upon the outbreak of an armed conflict or when persons are captured or detained by U.S. military forces in the course of the full range of military operations. Accounts for all persons who pass through the care, custody, and control of the U.S. Department of Defense. Also called NDRC. (JP 3-63) National Disaster Medical System — A coordinated partnership between Departments of Homeland Security, Health and Human Services, Defense, and Veterans Affairs established for the purpose of responding to the needs of victims of a public health emergency. Also called NDMS. (JP 3-41) national emergency — A condition declared by the President or the Congress by virtue of powers previously vested in them that authorize certain emergency actions to be undertaken in the national interest. Action to be taken may include partial, full, or total mobilization of national resources. See also mobilization. (JP 3-28) National Incident Management System — A national crisis response system that provides a consistent, nationwide approach for Federal, state, local, and tribal governments; the private sector; and nongovernmental organizations to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity. Also called NIMS. (JP 3-41) 232 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 national information infrastructure — The nationwide interconnection of communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics that make vast amounts of information available to users. The national information infrastructure encompasses a wide range of equipment, including cameras, scanners, keyboards, facsimile machines, computers, switches, compact disks, video and audio tape, cable, wire, satellites, fiber-optic transmission lines, networks of all types, televisions, monitors, printers, and much more. The friendly and adversary personnel who make decisions and handle the transmitted information constitute a critical component of the national information infrastructure. Also called NII. See also defense information infrastructure; global information infrastructure; information. (JP 3-13) national intelligence — All intelligence, regardless of the source from which derived, and including that which is gathered within or outside of the United States, that pertains to more than one agency, and involves (1) threats to the United States, its people, property, or interests; (2) the development, proliferation, or use of weapons of mass destruction; or (3) any other matter bearing on United States national or homeland security. (JP 2-01) national intelligence estimate — A strategic estimate of the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and probable courses of action of foreign nations produced at the national level as a composite of the views of the intelligence community. Also called NIE. (JP 2-01) national intelligence support team — A nationally sourced team composed of intelligence and communications experts from Defense Intelligence Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency, or other intelligence community agencies as required. Also called NIST. See also intelligence; national intelligence. (JP 2-0) national intelligence surveys — Basic intelligence studies produced on a coordinated interdepartmental basis and concerned with characteristics, basic resources, and relatively unchanging natural features of a foreign country or other area. national interagency fire center — A facility located in Boise, Idaho, that is jointly operated by several federal agencies and is dedicated to coordination, logistic support, and improved weather services in support of fire management operations throughout the United States. Also called NIFC. (JP 3-28) National Military Command System — The priority component of the Global Command and Control System designed to support the President, Secretary of Defense and Joint Chiefs of Staff in the exercise of their responsibilities. Also called NMCS. (JP 6-0) National Military Strategy — A document approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for distributing and applying military power to attain national security strategy and national defense strategy objectives. Also called NMS. See also National Security Strategy; strategy; theater strategy. (JP 3-0) JP 1-02 233 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 national operations center — The primary national hub for domestic incident management operational coordination and situational awareness. A standing 24 hours a day, 7 days a week interagency organization fusing law enforcement, national intelligence, emergency response, and private-sector reporting. Also called NOC. (JP 3-28) national policy — A broad course of action or statements of guidance adopted by the government at the national level in pursuit of national objectives. National Reconnaissance Office — A Department of Defense agency tasked to ensure that the United States has the technology and spaceborne and airborne assets needed to acquire intelligence worldwide, including support to such functions as monitoring of arms control agreements, indications and warning, and the planning and conducting of military operations. This mission is accomplished through research and development, acquisition, and operation of spaceborne and airborne intelligence data collection systems. Also called NRO. (JP 2-0) national response coordination center — A multiagency center that provides overall federal response and recovery coordination for incidents of national significance and emergency management program implementation. This center is a functional component of the national operations center. Also called NRCC. (JP 3-28) national security — A collective term encompassing both national defense and foreign relations of the United States. Specifically, the condition provided by: a. a military or defense advantage over any foreign nation or group of nations; b. a favorable foreign relations position; or c. a defense posture capable of successfully resisting hostile or destructive action from within or without, overt or covert. See also security. (JP 1) National Security Agency/Central Security Service Representative — The senior theater or military command representative of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service in a specific country or military command headquarters who provides the Director, National Security Agency, with information on command plans requiring cryptologic support. The National Security Agency/Central Security Service representative serves as a special advisor to the combatant commander for cryptologic matters, to include signals intelligence, communications security, and computer security. Also called NCR. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) National Security Council — A governmental body specifically designed to assist the President in integrating all spheres of national security policy. The President, Vice President, Secretary of State, and Secretary of Defense are statutory members. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; Director, Central Intelligence Agency; and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs serve as advisers. Also called NSC. national security interests — The foundation for the development of valid national objectives that define US goals or purposes. National security interests include preserving US political identity, framework, and institutions; fostering economic 234 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 well-being; and bolstering international order supporting the vital interests of the United States and its allies. National Security Strategy — A document approved by the President of the United States for developing, applying, and coordinating the instruments of national power to achieve objectives that contribute to national security. Also called NSS. See also National Military Strategy; strategy; theater strategy. (JP 3-0) national shipping authority — The organization within each Allied government responsible in time of war for the direction of its own merchant shipping. Also called NSA. (JP 4-01.2) national special security event — A designated event that, by virtue of its political, economic, social, or religious significance, may be the target of terrorism or other criminal activity. Also called NSSE. (JP 3-28) national stock number — The 13-digit stock number replacing the 11-digit federal stock number. It consists of the 4-digit federal supply classification code and the 9-digit national item identification number. The national item identification number consists of a 2-digit National Codification Bureau number designating the central cataloging office (whether North Atlantic Treaty Organization or other friendly country) that assigned the number and a 7-digit (xxx-xxxx) nonsignificant number. The number shall be arranged as follows: 9999-00-999-9999. Also called NSN. (JP 4-09) national support element — Any national organization or activity that supports national forces that are a part of a multinational force. Their mission is nation-specific support to units and common support that is retained by the nation. Also called NSE. See also multinational force; support. (JP 1) National System for Geospatial Intelligence — The combination of technology, policies, capabilities, doctrine, activities, people, data, and communities necessary to produce geospatial intelligence in an integrated, multi-intelligence environment. Also called NSG. (JP 2-03) nation assistance — Assistance rendered to a nation by foreign forces within that nation’s territory based on agreements mutually concluded between nations. (JP 3-0) natural disaster — An emergency situation posing significant danger to life and property that results from a natural cause. See also domestic emergencies. (JP 3-29) nautical mile — A measure of distance equal to one minute of arc on the Earth’s surface. The United States has adopted the international nautical mile equal to 1,852 meters or 6,076.11549 feet. Also called nm. naval advanced logistic support site — An overseas location used as the primary transshipment point in the theater of operations for logistic support. A naval advanced JP 1-02 235 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 logistic support site possesses full capabilities for storage, consolidation, and transfer of supplies and for support of forward-deployed units (including replacements units) during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval advanced logistic support sites, with port and airfield facilities in close proximity, are located within the theater of operations but not near the main battle areas, and must possess the throughput capacity required to accommodate incoming and outgoing intertheater airlift and sealift. When fully activated, the naval advanced logistic support site should consist of facilities and services provided by the host nation, augmented by support personnel located in the theater of operations, or both. Also called NALSS or Naval ALSS. See also logistic support; naval forward logistic site; support; theater of operations. (JP 3-35) Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization manual — Series of general and specific aircraft procedural manuals that govern the operations of naval aircraft. Also called NATOPS manual. (JP 3-04) naval base — A naval base primarily for support of the forces afloat, contiguous to a port or anchorage, consisting of activities or facilities for which the Navy has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communications and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security. (Normally, not greater than an area of 40 square miles.) naval beach group — A permanently organized naval command within an amphibious force composed of a commander and staff, a beachmaster unit, an amphibious construction battalion, and assault craft units, designed to provide an administrative group from which required naval tactical components may be made available to the attack force commander and to the amphibious landing force commander. Also called NBG. See also shore party. (JP 3-02) naval construction force — The combined construction units of the Navy that are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy’s capability for advanced base construction. Also called NCF. (JP 3-34) naval coordination and protection of shipping — Control exercised by naval authorities of movement, routing, reporting, convoy organization, and tactical diversion of allied merchant shipping. It does not include the employment or active protection of such shipping. Also called NCAPS. (JP 4-01.2) naval coordination and protection of shipping officer — A naval officer appointed to form merchant convoys and control and coordinate the routing and movements of such convoys, independently sailed merchant ships, and hospital ships in and out of a port or base. (JP 4-01.2) naval coordination and protection of shipping organization — The organization within the Navy which carries out the specific responsibilities of the Chief of Naval Operations to provide for the control and protection of movements of merchant ships in time of war. Also called NCAPS organization. (JP 4-01.2) 236 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 naval expeditionary warfare — Military operations mounted from the sea, usually on short notice, consisting of forward deployed, or rapidly deployable, self-sustaining naval forces tailored to achieve a clearly stated objective. Also called NEW. (JP 3-33) naval forward logistic site — An overseas location, with port and airfield facilities nearby, which provides logistic support to naval forces within the theater of operations during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval forward logistic sites may be located in close proximity to main battle areas to permit forward staging of services, throughput of high priority cargo, advanced maintenance, and battle damage repair. Naval forward logistic sites are linked to in-theater naval advanced logistic support sites by intratheater airlift and sealift, but may also serve as transshipment points for intertheater movement of high-priority cargo into areas of direct combat. In providing fleet logistic support, naval forward logistic site capabilities may range from very austere to near those of a naval advanced logistic support site. Also called NFLS or Naval FLS. See also logistic support; naval advanced logistic support site; staging. (JP 3-35) naval gunfire spotting team — The unit of a shore fire control party that designates targets; controls commencement, cessation, rate, and types of fire; and spots fire on the target. See also spotter. naval gunfire support — Fire provided by Navy surface gun systems in support of a unit or units tasked with achieving the commander’s objectives. A subset of naval surface fire support. Also called NGFS. See also naval surface fire support. (JP 3-09) naval operation — 1. A naval action (or the performance of a naval mission) that may be strategic, operational, tactical, logistic, or training. 2. The process of carrying on or training for naval combat in order to gain the objectives of any battle or campaign. (JP 3-32) naval port control office — The authority established at a port or port complex to coordinate arrangements for logistic support and harbor services to ships under naval control and to otherwise support the naval control of shipping organization. naval special warfare — A naval warfare specialty that conducts special operations with an emphasis on maritime, coastal, and riverine environments using small, flexible, mobile units operating under, on, and from the sea. Also called NSW. (JP 3-05) naval special warfare forces — Those Active and Reserve Component Navy forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called NSW forces or NAVSOF. (JP 3-05.1) naval special warfare group — A permanent Navy echelon III major command to which most naval special warfare forces are assigned for some operational and all administrative purposes. It consists of a group headquarters with command and JP 1-02 237 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 control, communications, and support staff; sea-air-land teams; and sea-air-land team delivery vehicle teams. Also called NSWG. (JP 3-05.1) naval special warfare task element — A provisional subordinate element of a naval special warfare task unit, employed to extend the command and control and support capabilities of its parent task unit. Also called NSWTE. See also naval special warfare task unit. (JP 3-05.1) naval special warfare task group — A provisional naval special warfare organization that plans, conducts, and supports special operations in support of fleet commanders and joint force special operations component commanders. Also called NSWTG. (JP 3-05.1) naval special warfare task unit — A provisional subordinate unit of a naval special warfare task group. Also called NSWTU. See also naval special warfare task group. (JP 3-05.1) naval special warfare unit — A permanent Navy organization forward based to control and support attached naval special warfare forces. Also called NSWU. (JP 3-05.1) naval surface fire support — Fire provided by Navy surface gun and missile systems in support of a unit or units. Also called NSFS. See also fire support. (JP 3-09.3) naval tactical data system — A complex of data inputs, user consoles, converters, adapters, and radio terminals interconnected with high-speed, general-purpose computers and its stored programs. Combat data is collected, processed, and composed into a picture of the overall tactical situation that enables the force commander to make rapid, accurate evaluations and decisions. Navy cargo-handling battalion — A mobile logistic support unit capable of worldwide deployment in its entirety or in specialized detachments. It is organized, trained, and equipped to: a. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in maritime prepositioning ships and merchant breakbulk or container ships in all environments; b. operate an associated temporary ocean cargo terminal; c. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in military-controlled aircraft; and d. operate an associated expeditionary air cargo terminal. Also called NCHB or Navy CHB. See also maritime pre-positioning ships. (JP 3-02.1) Navy cargo handling force — The combined cargo handling units of the Navy, including primarily the Navy cargo handling and port group, the Naval Reserve cargo handling training battalion, and the Naval Reserve cargo handling battalion. These units are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy’s capability for open ocean cargo handling. Also called NCHF. See also Navy cargo handling battalion. (JP 4-01.6) Navy special operations component — The Navy component of a joint force special operations component. Also called NAVSOC. See also Air Force special operations component; Army special operations component. (JP 3-05.1) 238 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Navy support element — The maritime pre-positioning force element that is composed of naval beach group staff and subordinate unit personnel, a detachment of Navy cargo handling force personnel, and other Navy components, as required. It is tasked with conducting the off-load and ship-to-shore movement of maritime pre-positioned equipment and/or supplies. Also called NSE. (JP 3-02.1) Navy tactical air control center — See tactical air control center. (JP 3-09.3) Navy-unique fleet essential aircraft — Combatant commander-controlled airlift assets deemed essential for providing air transportation in support of naval operations’ transportation requirements. This capability is intended to provide a balance and supplement to other airlift assets to ensure the Navy’s ability to respond to emergency and wartime requirements. Also called NUFEA. (JP 3-17) N-day — See times. near miss (aircraft) — Any circumstance in flight where the degree of separation between two aircraft is considered by either pilot to have constituted a hazardous situation involving potential risk of collision. need to know — A criterion used in security procedures that requires the custodians of classified information to establish, prior to disclosure, that the intended recipient must have access to the information to perform his or her official duties. (JP 2-01.2) negation — Measures to deceive, disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy an adversary’s space systems and services or any other space system or service used by an adversary that is hostile to US national interests. See also space control. (JP 3-14) negligible risk (nuclear) — A degree of risk where personnel are reasonably safe, with the exceptions of dazzle or temporary loss of night vision. nerve agent — A potentially lethal chemical agent which interferes with the transmission of nerve impulses. (JP 3-11) net control station — A communications station designated to control traffic and enforce circuit discipline within a given net. Also called NCS. net explosive weight — The actual weight in pounds of explosive mixtures or compounds, including the trinitrotoluene equivalent of energetic material, that is used in determination of explosive limits and explosive quantity data arcs. Also called NEW. (JP 4-09) networked munitions. Remotely controlled, interconnected, weapons system designed to provide rapidly emplaced ground-based countermobility and protection capability through scalable application of lethal and nonlethal means. (JP 3-15) JP 1-02 239 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 network operations — Activities conducted to operate and defend the Global Information Grid. Also called NETOPS. (JP 6-0) neutral — In combat and combat support operations, an identity applied to a track whose characteristics, behavior, origin, or nationality indicate that it is neither supporting nor opposing friendly forces. See also suspect; unknown. (JP 3-0) neutrality — In international law, the attitude of impartiality during periods of war adopted by third states toward a belligerent and subsequently recognized by the belligerent, which creates rights and duties between the impartial states and the belligerent. (JP 30) neutralization fire — Fire which is delivered to render the target ineffective or unusable. neutralize — 1. As pertains to military operations, to render ineffective or unusable. 2. To render enemy personnel or materiel incapable of interfering with a particular operation. 3. To render safe mines, bombs, missiles, and booby traps. 4. To make harmless anything contaminated with a chemical agent. (JP 3-0) neutral state — In international law, a state that pursues a policy of neutrality during war. See also neutrality. news media representative — An individual employed by a civilian radio or television station, newspaper, newsmagazine, periodical, or news agency to gather and report on a newsworthy event. Also called NMR. See also public affairs. (JP 3-61) nickname — A combination of two separate unclassified words that is assigned an unclassified meaning and is employed only for unclassified administrative, morale, or public information purposes. night vision device — Any electro-optical device that is used to detect visible and infrared energy and provide a visible image. Night vision goggles, forward-looking infrared, thermal sights, and low-light level television are night vision devices. Also called NVD. See also forward-looking infrared; night vision goggles(s). (JP 3-09.3) night vision goggle(s) — An electro-optical image intensifying device that detects visible and near-infrared energy, intensifies the energy, and provides a visible image for night viewing. Night vision goggles can be either hand-held or helmet-mounted. Also called NVG. See also night vision device. (JP 3-09.3) node — 1. A location in a mobility system where a movement requirement is originated, processed for onward movement, or terminated. (JP 3-17) 2. In communications and computer systems, the physical location that provides terminating, switching, and gateway access services to support information exchange. (JP 6-0) 3. An element of a system that represents a person, place, or physical thing. (JP 3-0) 240 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 no-fire area — An area designated by the appropriate commander into which fires or their effects are prohibited. Also called NFA. See also fires. (JP 3-09.3) nonappropriated funds — Funds generated by Department of Defense personnel and their dependents used to augment funds appropriated by the Congress to provide a comprehensive, morale-building welfare, religious, educational, and recreational programs. Also called NAF. (JP 1-0) nonbattle injury — A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Also called NBI. noncombatant evacuation operations — Operations directed by the Department of State or other appropriate authority, in conjunction with the Department of Defense, whereby noncombatants are evacuated from foreign countries when their lives are endangered by war, civil unrest, or natural disaster to safe havens as designated by the Department of State. Also called NEOs. See also evacuation; noncombatant evacuees; operation; safe haven. (JP 3-68) noncombatant evacuation operations tracking system — An automated data processing hardware and software package that has the capability to provide evacuee in-transit visibility to combatant commanders and senior leadership during the conduct of a noncombatant evacuation operation. Also called NTS. (JP 3-68) noncombatant evacuees — 1. US citizens who may be ordered to evacuate by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of all agencies of the US Government and their dependents, except as noted in 2a below; b. military personnel of the Armed Forces of the United States specifically designated for evacuation as noncombatants; and c. dependents of members of the Armed Forces of the United States. 2. US (and non-US) citizens who may be authorized or assisted (but not necessarily ordered to evacuate) by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of US Government agencies and their dependents, who are residents in the country concerned on their own volition, but express the willingness to be evacuated; b. private US citizens and their dependents; c. military personnel and dependents of members of the Armed Forces of the United States outlined in 1c above, short of an ordered evacuation; and d. designated personnel, including dependents of persons listed in 1a through 1c above, as prescribed by the Department of State. See also noncombatant evacuation operations. (JP 3-68) nonconventional assisted recovery — Personnel recovery conducted by indigenous/surrogate personnel that are trained, supported, and led by special operations forces, unconventional warfare ground and maritime forces, or other government agencies’ personnel that have been specifically trained and directed to establish and operate indigenous or surrogate infrastructures. Also called NAR. (JP 3-50) JP 1-02 241 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 nondestructive electronic warfare — Those electronic warfare actions, not including employment of wartime reserve modes, that deny, disrupt, or deceive rather than damage or destroy. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) nonexpendable supplies and materiel — Supplies not consumed in use that retain their original identity during the period of use, such as weapons, machines, tools, and equipment. nongovernmental organization — A private, self-governing, not-for-profit organization dedicated to alleviating human suffering; and/or promoting education, health care, economic development, environmental protection, human rights, and conflict resolution; and/or encouraging the establishment of democratic institutions and civil society. Also called NGO. (JP 3-08) nonhostile casualty — A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Casualties due to the elements, selfinflicted wounds, and combat fatigue are nonhostile casualties. Also called NHCS. See also casualty; casualty type; hostile casualty. (JP 4-02) nonlethal weapon — A weapon that is explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or materiel, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment. Also called NLW. (JP 3-28) nonorganic transportation requirement — Unit personnel and cargo for which the transportation source must be an outside agency, normally a component of US Transportation Command. nonpersistent agent — A chemical agent that when released dissipates and/or loses its ability to cause casualties after 10 to 15 minutes. (JP 3-11) nonproliferation — Actions to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by dissuading or impeding access to, or distribution of, sensitive technologies, material, and expertise. Also called NP. See also counterproliferation. (JP 3-40) nonscheduled units — Units of the landing force held in readiness for landing during the initial unloading period, but not included in either scheduled or on-call waves. This category usually includes certain of the combat support units and most of the combat service support units with higher echelon (division and above) reserve units of the landing force. Their landing is directed when the need ashore can be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy. (JP 3-02) nonstandard item — An item of supply determined by standardization action as not authorized for procurement. 242 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 nonstrategic nuclear forces — Those nuclear-capable forces located in an operational area with a capability to employ nuclear weapons by land, sea, or air forces against opposing forces, supporting installations, or facilities. Such forces may be employed, when authorized by competent authority, to support operations that contribute to the accomplishment of the commander’s mission within the theater of operations. non-unit-related cargo — All equipment and supplies requiring transportation to an operational area, other than those identified as the equipment or accompanying supplies of a specific unit (e.g., resupply, military support for allies, and support for nonmilitary programs, such as civil relief). Also called NURC. non-unit-related personnel — All personnel requiring transportation to or from an operational area, other than those assigned to a specific unit. Also called NRP or NUP. (JP 1-0) non-US forces — Includes all armed forces of states other than US forces. US forces may act in defense of non-US forces when so designated by the President or Secretary of Defense. North American Aerospace Defense Command — A bi-national command of the US and Canada that provides aerospace surveillance, warning and assessment of aerospace attack, and maintains the sovereignty of US and Canadian airspace. Also called NORAD. no-strike list — A list of objects or entities characterized as protected from the effects of military operations under international law and/or rules of engagement. Attacking these may violate the law of armed conflict or interfere with friendly relations with indigenous personnel or governments. Also called NSL. See also law of armed conflict. (JP 3-60) notice to airmen — A notice containing information concerning the establishment, condition, or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedures, or hazard, the timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel concerned with flight operations. Also called NOTAM. not mission capable, maintenance — Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance requirements. Also called NMCM. See also not mission capable, supply. not mission capable, supply — Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance work stoppage due to a supply shortage. Also called NMCS. See also not mission capable, maintenance. JP 1-02 243 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 not seriously injured — The casualty status of a person whose injury may or may not require hospitalization; medical authority does not classify as very seriously injured, seriously injured, or incapacitating illness or injury; and the person can communicate with the next of kin. Also called NSI. See also casualty status. (JP 4-02) nuclear detonation detection and reporting system — (*) A system deployed to provide surveillance coverage of critical friendly target areas, and indicate place, height of burst, yield, and ground zero of nuclear detonations. Also called NUDETS. nuclear energy — All forms of energy released in the course of a nuclear fission or nuclear transformation. nuclear exoatmospheric burst — The explosion of a nuclear weapon above the sensible atmosphere (above 120 kilometers) where atmospheric interaction is minimal. See also types of burst. nuclear incident — An unexpected event involving a nuclear weapon, facility, or component, resulting in any of the following, but not constituting a nuclear weapon(s) accident: a. an increase in the possibility of explosion or radioactive contamination; b. errors committed in the assembly, testing, loading, or transportation of equipment, and/or the malfunctioning of equipment and materiel which could lead to an unintentional operation of all or part of the weapon arming and/or firing sequence, or which could lead to a substantial change in yield, or increased dud probability; and c. any act of God, unfavorable environment, or condition resulting in damage to the weapon, facility, or component. nuclear intelligence — Intelligence derived from the collection and analysis of radiation and other effects resulting from radioactive sources. Also called NUCINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) nuclear proximity-surface burst — An explosion of a nuclear weapon at a height less than the maximum radius of its fireball, but low enough to facilitate cratering and/or the propagation of a shock wave into the ground. nuclear radiation — Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted from atomic nuclei in various nuclear processes. The important nuclear radiations, from the weapon standpoint, are alpha and beta particles, gamma rays, and neutrons. (JP 3-11) nuclear reactor — A facility in which fissile material is used in a self-supporting chain reaction (nuclear fission) to produce heat and/or radiation for both practical application and research and development. (JP 3-40) nuclear warning message — A warning message that must be disseminated to all affected friendly forces any time a nuclear weapon is to be detonated if effects of the weapon will have impact upon those forces. 244 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 nuclear weapon — A complete assembly (i.e., implosion type, gun type, or thermonuclear type), in its intended ultimate configuration which, upon completion of the prescribed arming, fusing, and firing sequence, is capable of producing the intended nuclear reaction and release of energy. (JP 3-11) nuclear weapon(s) accident — An unexpected event involving nuclear weapons or radiological nuclear weapon components that results in any of the following; a. accidental or unauthorized launching, firing, or use by United States forces or United States supported allied forces of a nuclear-capable weapon system that could create the risk of an outbreak of war; b. nuclear detonation; c. nonnuclear detonation or burning of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component; d. radioactive contamination; e. seizure, theft, loss, or destruction of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component, including jettisoning; and f. public hazard, actual or implied. nuclear weapons surety — Materiel, personnel, and procedures that contribute to the security, safety, and reliability of nuclear weapons and to the assurance that there will be no nuclear weapon accidents, incidents, unauthorized weapon detonations, or degradation in performance at the target. nuisance minefield — A minefield laid to delay and disorganize the enemy and to hinder the use of an area or route. See also minefield. (JP 3-15) numbered beach — In amphibious operations, a subdivision of a colored beach, designated for the assault landing of a battalion landing team or similarly sized unit, when landed as part of a larger force. (JP 3-02) numbered fleet — A major tactical unit of the Navy immediately subordinate to a major fleet command and comprising various task forces, elements, groups, and units for the purpose of prosecuting specific naval operations. See also fleet. numbered wave — See wave. JP 1-02 245 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 246 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 O objective — 1. The clearly defined, decisive, and attainable goal toward which every operation is directed. 2. The specific target of the action taken which is essential to the commander’s plan. See also target. (JP 5-0) objective area — A defined geographical area within which is located an objective to be captured or reached by the military forces. This area is defined by competent authority for purposes of command and control. Also called OA. (JP 3-06) observer-target range — The distance along an imaginary straight line from the observer or spotter to the target. obstacle — Any natural or man-made obstruction designed or employed to disrupt, fix, turn, or block the movement of an opposing force, and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and equipment on the opposing force. (JP 3-15) obstacle belt — A brigade-level command and control measure, normally given graphically, to show where within an obstacle zone the ground tactical commander plans to limit friendly obstacle employment and focus the defense. See also obstacle. (JP 3-15) obstacle clearing — The total elimination or neutralization of obstacles. (JP 3-15) obstacle intelligence — Those collection efforts to detect the presence of enemy and natural obstacles, determine their types and dimensions, and provide the necessary information to plan appropriate combined arms breaching, clearance, or bypass operations to negate the impact on the friendly scheme of maneuver. Also called OBSTINT. (JP 3-15) obstacle restricted areas — A command and control measure used to limit the type or number of obstacles within an area. See also obstacle. (JP 3-15) obstacle zone — A division-level command and control measure, normally done graphically, to designate specific land areas where lower echelons are allowed to employ tactical obstacles. See also obstacle. (JP 3-15) occupational and environmental health surveillance — The regular or repeated collection, analysis, archiving, interpretation, and dissemination of occupational and environmental health-related data for monitoring the health of, or potential health hazard impact on, a population and individual personnel, and for intervening in a timely manner to prevent, treat, or control the occurrence of disease or injury when determined necessary. (JP 4-02) occupational and environmental health threats — Threats to the health of military personnel and to military readiness created by exposure to hazardous agents, environmental contamination, or toxic industrial materials. See also health threat. (JP 4-02) JP 1-02 247 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 occupied territory — Territory under the authority and effective control of a belligerent armed force. The term is not applicable to territory being administered pursuant to peace terms, treaty, or other agreement, express or implied, with the civil authority of the territory. See also civil affairs agreement. Ocean Cargo Clearance Authority — The Surface Deployment and Distribution Command activity that books Department of Defense sponsored cargo and passengers for surface movement, performs related contract administration, and accomplishes export and import surface traffic management functions for Department of Defense cargo moving within the Defense Transportation System. Also called OCCA. (JP 401.2) oceanography — The study of the sea, embracing and integrating all knowledge pertaining to the sea and its physical boundaries, the chemistry and physics of seawater, and marine biology. From a military perspective, oceanography includes basic oceanography plus the study of bathymetry, hydrography, geophysics, astrometry and precise time; supported by ocean engineering, operational supercomputing, and operations research. (JP 3-59) offensive counterair — Offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, but as close to their source as possible. Offensive counterair operations range throughout enemy territory and are generally conducted at the initiative of friendly forces. These operations include attack operations, suppression of enemy air defenses, fighter escort, and fighter sweep. Also called OCA. See also counterair; defensive counterair; operation. (JP 3-01) offensive counterair attack operations — Offensive action in support of the offensive counterair mission against surface targets which contribute to the enemy’s air power capabilities. Any part of the joint force may be tasked to conduct or support offensive counterair attack operations. Also called OCA attack ops. See also counterair; offensive counterair. (JP 3-01) offensive counterintelligence operation — A clandestine counterintelligence activity conducted for military, strategic, Department of Defense, or national counterintelligence and security purposes against a target having suspected or known affiliation with foreign intelligence entities, international terrorism, or other foreign persons or organizations, to counter terrorism, espionage, or other clandestine intelligence activities that threaten the security of the Department or the United States. The two types of offensive counterintelligence operations are double agent operation and controlled source operation. Also called OFCO. (JP 2-01.2) offensive space control — Those operations to prevent an adversary’s hostile use of US/third party space capabilities and services or negate (disrupt, deny, degrade, deceive, or destroy) an adversary’s space capabilities. (JP 3-14) 248 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 office — An enduring organization that is formed around a specific function within a joint force commander’s headquarters to coordinate and manage support requirements. (JP 3-33) officer in tactical command — In maritime usage, the senior officer present eligible to assume command, or the officer to whom the senior officer has delegated tactical command. Also called OTC. officer of the deck — The officer of the deck under way has been designated by the commanding officer to be in charge of the ship, including its safe and proper operation. The officer of the deck reports directly to the commanding officer for the safe navigation and general operation of the ship, to the executive officer (and command duty officer if appointed) for carrying out the ship’s routine, and to the navigator on sighting navigational landmarks and making course and speed changes. Also called OOD. (JP 3-04) official information — Information that is owned by, produced for or by, or is subject to the control of the United States Government. (JP 3-61) off-load preparation party — A temporary task organization of Navy and Marine maintenance, embarkation, equipment operators, and cargo-handling personnel deployed to the maritime pre-positioning ship before or during its transit to the objective area to prepare the ship’s off-load systems and embarked equipment for offload. Also called OPP. See also task organization. (JP 3-35) offset costs — Costs for which funds have been appropriated that may not be incurred as a result of a contingency operation. Those funds may then be applied to the cost of the operation. See also contingency operation. (JP 1-06) offshore bulk fuel system — The system used for transferring fuel from points offshore to reception facilities on the beach. It consists of two subsystems: amphibious bulk liquid transfer system and the offshore petroleum discharge system. See also amphibious bulk liquid transfer system; offshore petroleum discharge system. (JP 4-01.6) offshore petroleum discharge system — Provides bulk transfer of petroleum directly from an offshore tanker to a beach termination unit located immediately inland from the high watermark. Bulk petroleum then is either transported inland or stored in the beach support area. Also called OPDS. See also facility; petroleum, oils, and lubricants; single-anchor leg mooring. (JP 4-03) off-the-shelf item — An item that has been developed and produced to military or commercial standards and specifications, is readily available for delivery from an industrial source, and may be procured without change to satisfy a military requirement. JP 1-02 249 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 on berth — Said of a ship when it is properly moored to a quay, wharf, jetty, pier, or buoy or when it is at anchor and available for loading or discharging passengers and cargo. on-call — 1. A term used to signify that a prearranged concentration, air strike, or final protective fire may be called for. 2. Preplanned, identified force or materiel requirements without designated time-phase and destination information. Such requirements will be called forward upon order of competent authority. on-call resupply — A resupply mission planned before insertion of a special operations team into the operations area but not executed until requested by the operating team. See also automatic resupply; emergency resupply. (JP 3-05.1) on-call target — Planned target upon which fires or other actions are determined using deliberate targeting and triggered, when detected or located, using dynamic targeting. See also dynamic targeting; on-call; operational area; planned target; target. (JP 3-60) on-call wave — See wave. on hand — The quantity of an item that is physically available in a storage location and contained in the accountable property book records of an issuing activity. (JP 4-09) on-scene commander — 1. An individual in the immediate vicinity of an isolating event who temporarily assumes command of the incident. 2. The federal officer designated to direct federal crisis and consequence management efforts at the scene of a terrorist or weapons of mass destruction incident. Also called OSC. (JP 3-50) on-station time — The time an aircraft can remain on station. May be determined by endurance or orders. open improved storage space — Open area that has been graded and hard surfaced or prepared with topping of some suitable material so as to permit effective materials handling operations. open ocean — Ocean limit defined as greater than 12 nautical miles (nm) from shore, as compared with high seas that are over 200 nm from shore. See also contiguous zone. open-source intelligence — Information of potential intelligence value that is available to the general public. Also called OSINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) open unimproved wet space — That water area specifically allotted to and usable for storage of floating equipment. operation — 1. A series of tactical actions with a common purpose or unifying theme. (JP 1) 2. A military action or the carrying out of a strategic, operational, tactical, service, training, or administrative military mission. (JP 3-0). 250 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operational approach — A description of the broad actions the force must take to transform current conditions into those desired at end state. (JP 5-0) operational architecture — Descriptions of the tasks, operational elements, and information flows required to accomplish or support a warfighting function. operational area — An overarching term encompassing more descriptive terms (such as area of responsibility and joint operations area) for geographic areas in which military operations are conducted. Also called OA. See also amphibious objective area; area of operations; area of responsibility; joint operations area; joint special operations area; theater of operations; theater of war. (JP 3-0) operational art — The cognitive approach by commanders and staffs — supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment — to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrating ends, ways, and means. (JP 3-0) operational authority — That authority exercised by a commander in the chain of command, defined further as combatant command (command authority), operational control, tactical control, or a support relationship. See also combatant command (command authority); in support of; operational control; support; tactical control. (JP 1) operational characteristics — Those military characteristics that pertain primarily to the functions to be performed by equipment, either alone or in conjunction with other equipment; e.g., for electronic equipment, operational characteristics include such items as frequency coverage, channeling, type of modulation, and character of emission. (JP 5-0) operational contract support — The process of planning for and obtaining supplies, services, and construction from commercial sources in support of joint operations along with the associated contractor management functions. (JP 4-10) operational control — Command authority that may be exercised by commanders at any echelon at or below the level of combatant command. Operational control is inherent in combatant command (command authority) and may be delegated within the command. Operational control is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. Operational control includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the command. Operational control should be exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders. Operational control normally provides full authority to organize commands and forces and to employ those forces as the commander in operational JP 1-02 251 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 control considers necessary to accomplish assigned missions; it does not, in and of itself, include authoritative direction for logistics or matters of administration, discipline, internal organization, or unit training. Also called OPCON. See also combatant command; combatant command (command authority); tactical control. (JP 1) operational control authority — The naval commander responsible within a specified geographical area for the naval control of all merchant shipping under Allied naval control. Also called OCA. (JP 3-15) operational decontamination — Decontamination carried out by an individual and/or a unit, restricted to specific parts of operationally essential equipment, materiel and/or working areas, in order to minimize contact and transfer hazards and to sustain operations. This may include decontamination of the individual beyond the scope of immediate decontamination, as well as decontamination of mission-essential spares and limited terrain decontamination. See also decontamination; immediate decontamination; thorough decontamination. (JP 3-11) operational design — The conception and construction of the framework that underpins a campaign or major operation plan and its subsequent execution. See also campaign; major operation. (JP 5-0) operational design element — A key consideration used in operational design. (JP 5-0) operational environment — A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander. Also called OE. (JP 3-0) operational exposure guide — The maximum amount of nuclear/external ionizing radiation that the commander considers a unit may be permitted to receive while performing a particular mission or missions. Also called OEG. See also radiation exposure status. (JP 3-11) operational intelligence — Intelligence that is required for planning and conducting campaigns and major operations to accomplish strategic objectives within theaters or operational areas. See also intelligence; strategic intelligence; tactical intelligence. (JP 2-0) operational level of war — The level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted, and sustained to achieve strategic objectives within theaters or other operational areas. See also strategic level of war; tactical level of war. (JP 3-0) operational limitation — An action required or prohibited by higher authority, such as a constraint or a restraint, and other restrictions that limit the commander’s freedom of action, such as diplomatic agreements, rules of engagement, political and economic 252 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 conditions in affected countries, and host nation issues. See also constraint; restraint. (JP 5-0) operationally ready — 1. A unit, ship, or weapon system capable of performing the missions or functions for which organized or designed. Incorporates both equipment readiness and personnel readiness. 2. Personnel available and qualified to perform assigned missions or functions. operational necessity — A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify the risk of loss of aircraft and crew. See also mission. (JP 3-04) operational pause — A temporary halt in operations. (JP 5-0) operational reach — The distance and duration across which a joint force can successfully employ military capabilities. (JP 3-0) operational readiness — The capability of a unit/formation, ship, weapon system, or equipment to perform the missions or functions for which it is organized or designed. Also called OR. See also combat readiness. (JP 1-0) operational reserve — An emergency reserve of men and/or materiel established for the support of a specific operation. (JP 5-0) operational support airlift — Operational support airlift missions are movements of highpriority passengers and cargo with time, place, or mission-sensitive requirements. Operational support airlift aircraft are those fixed-wing aircraft acquired and/or retained exclusively for operational support airlift missions, as well as any other Department of Defense-owned or controlled aircraft, fixed- or rotary-wing, used for operational support airlift purposes. Also called OSA. (JP 3-17) operational testing — A continuing process of evaluation that may be applied to either operational personnel or situations to determine their validity or reliability. operation and maintenance — Maintenance and repair of real property, operation of utilities, and provision of other services such as refuse collection and disposal, entomology, snow removal, and ice alleviation. Also called O&M. (JP 3-34) operation order — A directive issued by a commander to subordinate commanders for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation. Also called OPORD. (JP 5-0) operation plan — 1. Any plan for the conduct of military operations prepared in response to actual and potential contingencies. 2. A complete and detailed joint plan containing a full description of the concept of operations, all annexes applicable to the plan, and a JP 1-02 253 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 time-phased force and deployment data. Also called OPLAN. See also operation order. (JP 5-0) operations center — The facility or location on an installation, base, or facility used by the commander to command, control, and coordinate all operational activities. Also called OC. See also base defense operations center. (JP 3-07.2) operations research — The analytical study of military problems undertaken to provide responsible commanders and staff agencies with a scientific basis for decision on action to improve military operations. Also called operational research; operations analysis. operations security — A process of identifying critical information and subsequently analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other activities to: a. identify those actions that can be observed by adversary intelligence systems; b. determine indicators that adversary intelligence systems might obtain that could be interpreted or pieced together to derive critical information in time to be useful to adversaries; and c. select and execute measures that eliminate or reduce to an acceptable level the vulnerabilities of friendly actions to adversary exploitation. Also called OPSEC. See also operations security indicators; operations security measures; operations security planning guidance; operations security vulnerability. (JP 3-13.3) operations security indicators — Friendly detectable actions and open-source information that can be interpreted or pieced together by an adversary to derive critical information. (JP 3-13.3) operations security measures — Methods and means to gain and maintain essential secrecy about critical information. See also operations security. (JP 3-13.3) operations security planning guidance — Guidance that serves as the blueprint for operations security planning by all functional elements throughout the organization. It defines the critical information that requires protection from adversary appreciations, taking into account friendly and adversary goals, estimated key adversary questions, probable adversary knowledge, desirable and harmful adversary appreciations, and pertinent intelligence system threats. It also should outline provisional operations security measures to ensure the requisite essential secrecy. (JP 3-13.3) operations security vulnerability — A condition in which friendly actions provide operations security indicators that may be obtained and accurately evaluated by an adversary in time to provide a basis for effective adversary decision making. (JP 3-13.3) operations support element — An element that is responsible for all administrative, operations support and services support functions within the counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element of a joint force intelligence directorate. Also called OSE. (JP 2-01.2) 254 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operations to restore order — Operations intended to halt violence and support, reinstate, or establish civil authorities. They are designed to return an unstable and lawless environment to the point where indigenous police forces can effectively enforce the law and restore civil authority. See also operation; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) opportune lift — That portion of lift capability available for use after planned requirements have been met. (JP 4-02) orbit point — (*) A geographically or electronically defined location used in stationing aircraft in flight during tactical operations when a predetermined pattern is not established. See also holding point. ordered departure — A procedure by which the number of US Government personnel, their dependents, or both are reduced at a foreign service post. Departure is directed by the Department of State (initiated by the chief of mission or the Secretary of State) to designated safe havens with implementation of the combatant commander noncombatant evacuation operations plan. (JP 3-68) order of battle — The identification, strength, command structure, and disposition of the personnel, units, and equipment of any military force. Also called OB; OOB. (JP 2-01.3) ordnance — Explosives, chemicals, pyrotechnics, and similar stores, e.g., bombs, guns and ammunition, flares, smoke, or napalm. (JP 3-15) organic — Assigned to and forming an essential part of a military organization. Organic parts of a unit are those listed in its table of organization for the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, and are assigned to the administrative organizations of the operating forces for the Navy. organizational equipment — Referring to method of use: signifies that equipment (other than individual equipment) used in furtherance of the common mission of an organization or unit. See also equipment. organizational maintenance — That maintenance that is the responsibility of and performed by a using organization on its assigned equipment. Its phases normally consist of inspecting, servicing, lubricating, and adjusting, as well as the replacing of parts, minor assemblies, and subassemblies. organization for combat — In amphibious operations, task organization of landing force units for combat, involving combinations of command, ground and aviation combat, combat support, and combat service support units for accomplishment of missions ashore. See also amphibious operation; task organization. (JP 3-02) organization for embarkation — In amphibious operations, the organization for embarkation consisting of temporary landing force task organizations established by JP 1-02 255 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 the commander, landing force and a temporary organization of Navy forces established by the commander, amphibious task force for the purpose of simplifying planning and facilitating the execution of embarkation. See also amphibious operation; embarkation; landing force; task organization. (JP 3-02) organization for landing — In amphibious operations, the specific tactical grouping of the landing force for the assault. (JP 3-02) Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force — A network of 13 regional organized crime drug enforcement task forces designed to coordinate Federal law enforcement efforts to combat the national and international organizations that cultivate, process, and distribute illicit drugs. Also called OCDETF. (JP 3-07.4) origin — Beginning point of a deployment where unit or non-unit-related cargo or personnel are located. originating medical facility — A medical facility that initially transfers a patient to another medical facility. (JP 4-02) originator — The command by whose authority a message is sent. The responsibility of the originator includes the responsibility for the functions of the drafter and the releasing officer. oscillating mine — A mine, hydrostatically controlled, which maintains a pre-set depth below the surface of the water independently of the rise and fall of the tide. See also mine. (JP 3-15) other detainee — Person in the custody of the US Armed Forces who has not been classified as an enemy prisoner of war (article 4, Geneva Convention of 1949 Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (GPW)), retained personnel (article 33, GPW), or civilian internee (article 78, Geneva Convention). Also called OD. See also civilian internee; custody; detainee; prisoner of war; retained personnel. (JP 1-0) other government agency — Within the context of interagency coordination, a non Department of Defense agency of the United States Government. Also called OGA. (JP 1) outer transport area — In amphibious operations, an area inside the antisubmarine screen to which assault transports proceed initially after arrival in the objective area. See also inner transport area; transport area. (JP 3-02) outsized cargo — Cargo that exceeds the dimensions of oversized cargo and requires the use of a C-5 or C-17 aircraft or surface transportation. A single item that exceeds 1,000 inches long by 117 inches wide by 105 inches high in any one dimension. See also oversized cargo. (JP 4-01.6) 256 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 overpressure — The pressure resulting from the blast wave of an explosion. It is referred to as “positive” when it exceeds atmospheric pressure and “negative” during the passage of the wave when resulting pressures are less than atmospheric pressure. (JP 3-11) Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document — A set of objective criteria and management practices developed by the Department of Defense to protect human health and the environment. Also called OEBGD. (JP 3-34) oversized cargo — 1. Large items of specific equipment such as a barge, side loadable warping tug, causeway section, powered, or causeway section, nonpowered. Requires transport by sea. 2. Air cargo exceeding the usable dimension of a 463L pallet loaded to the design height of 96 inches, but equal to or less than 1,000 inches in length, 117 inches in width, and 105 inches in height. This cargo is air transportable on the C-5, C-17, C-130, KC-10 and most civilian contract cargo carriers. See also outsized cargo. (JP 3-17) Over-the-horizon amphibious operations — An operational initiative launched from beyond visual and radar range of the shoreline. (JP 3-02) over-the-horizon radar — A radar system that makes use of the atmospheric reflection and refraction phenomena to extend its range of detection beyond line of sight. Over-thehorizon radars may be either forward scatter or back scatter systems. overt — Activities that are openly acknowledged by or are readily attributable to the United States Government, including those designated to acquire information through legal and open means without concealment. Overt information may be collected by observation, elicitation, or from knowledgeable human sources. (JP 2-01.2) overt operation — An operation conducted openly, without concealment. clandestine operation; covert operation. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 See also 257 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 258 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 P packaged petroleum product — A petroleum product (generally a lubricant, oil, grease, or specialty item) normally packaged by a manufacturer and procured, stored, transported, and issued in containers having a fill capacity of 55 United States gallons (or 45 Imperial gallons, or 205 liters) or less. packup kit — Service-provided maintenance gear including spare parts and consumables most commonly needed by the deployed helicopter detachment. Supplies are sufficient for a short-term deployment but do not include all material needed for every maintenance task. Also called PUK. (JP 3-04) palletized unit load — Quantity of any item, packaged or unpackaged, which is arranged on a pallet in a specified manner and securely strapped or fastened thereto so that the whole is handled as a unit. (JP 4-01.6) parallel chains of command — In amphibious operations, a parallel system of command, responding to the interrelationship of Navy, landing force, Air Force, and other major forces assigned, wherein corresponding commanders are established at each subordinate level of all components to facilitate coordinated planning for, and execution of, the amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) paramilitary forces — Forces or groups distinct from the regular armed forces of any country, but resembling them in organization, equipment, training, or mission. (JP 3-24) pararescue team — Specially trained personnel qualified to penetrate to the site of an incident by land or parachute, render medical aid, accomplish survival methods, and rescue survivors. Also called PRT. partial mobilization — See mobilization, Part 2. partisan warfare — Not to be used. See guerrilla warfare. partner nation — Those nations that the United States works with to disrupt the production, transportation, distribution, and sale of illicit drugs, as well as the money involved with this illicit activity. Also called PN. (JP 3-07.4) pass — 1. A short tactical run or dive by an aircraft at a target. 2. A single sweep through or within firing range of an enemy air formation. passage of lines — An operation in which a force moves forward or rearward through another force’s combat positions with the intention of moving into or out of contact with the enemy. A passage may be designated as a forward or rearward passage of lines. JP 1-02 259 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 passenger mile — One passenger transported one mile. For air and ocean transport, use nautical miles; for rail, highway, and inland waterway transport in the continental United States, use statute miles. passive air defense — All measures, other than active air defense, taken to minimize the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets. These measures include camouflage, concealment, deception, dispersion, reconstitution, redundancy, detection and warning systems, and the use of protective construction. See also air defense; deception; dispersion. (JP 3-01) passive defense — Measures taken to reduce the probability of and to minimize the effects of damage caused by hostile action without the intention of taking the initiative. See also active defense. passive mine — 1. A mine whose anticountermining device has been operated preventing the firing mechanism from being actuated. 2. A mine which does not emit a signal to detect the presence of a target. (JP 3-15) pathfinders — 1. Experienced aircraft crews who lead a formation to the drop zone, release point, or target. 2. Teams dropped or air landed at an objective to establish and operate navigational aids for the purpose of guiding aircraft to drop and landing zones. 3. A radar device used for navigating or homing to an objective when visibility precludes accurate visual navigation. 4. Teams air delivered into enemy territory for the purpose of determining the best approach and withdrawal lanes, landing zones, and sites for helicopterborne forces. pathogen — A disease producing microorganism that directly attacks human tissue and biological processes. (JP 3-11) patient — A sick, injured, wounded, or other person requiring medical and/or dental care or treatment. (JP 4-02) patient movement — The act or process of moving a sick, injured, wounded, or other person to obtain medical and/or dental care or treatment. Functions include medical regulating, patient evacuation, and en route medical care. See also patient; patient movement items; patient movement requirements center. (JP 4-02) patient movement items — The medical equipment and supplies required to support patients during aeromedical evacuation. Also called PMIs. patient movement policy — Command decision establishing the maximum number of days that patients may be held within the command for treatment. Patients who, in the opinion of responsible medical officers, cannot be returned to a duty status within the period prescribed are evacuated by the first available means, provided the travel involved will not aggravate their disabilities. See also evacuation; patient. (JP 4-02) 260 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 patient movement requirements center — Term used to represent any theater, joint or the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center function. A joint activity that coordinates patient movement. It is the functional merging of joint medical regulating processes, Services’ medical regulating processes, and patient movement evacuation requirements planning (transport to bed plan). Also called PMRC. See also patient. (JP 4-02) P-day — That point in time at which the rate of production of an item available for military consumption equals the rate at which the item is required by the Armed Forces. peace building — Stability actions, predominately diplomatic and economic, that strengthen and rebuild governmental infrastructure and institutions in order to avoid a relapse into conflict. Also called PB. See also peace enforcement; peacekeeping; peacemaking; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) peace enforcement — Application of military force, or the threat of its use, normally pursuant to international authorization, to compel compliance with resolutions or sanctions designed to maintain or restore peace and order. See also peace building; peacekeeping; peacemaking; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) peacekeeping — Military operations undertaken with the consent of all major parties to a dispute, designed to monitor and facilitate implementation of an agreement (cease fire, truce, or other such agreement) and support diplomatic efforts to reach a long-term political settlement. See also peace building; peace enforcement; peacemaking; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) peacemaking — The process of diplomacy, mediation, negotiation, or other forms of peaceful settlements that arranges an end to a dispute and resolves issues that led to it. See also peace building; peace enforcement; peacekeeping; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) peace operations — A broad term that encompasses multiagency and multinational crisis response and limited contingency operations involving all instruments of national power with military missions to contain conflict, redress the peace, and shape the environment to support reconciliation and rebuilding and facilitate the transition to legitimate governance. Peace operations include peacekeeping, peace enforcement, peacemaking, peace building, and conflict prevention efforts. Also called PO. See also peace building; peace enforcement; peacekeeping; and peacemaking. (JP 3-07.3) peacetime operating stocks — Logistic resources on hand or on order necessary to support day-to-day operational requirements, and which, in part, can also be used to offset sustaining requirements. Also called POS. (JP 4-03) peak overpressure — (*) The maximum value of overpressure at a given location which is generally experienced at the instant the shock (or blast) wave reaches that location. JP 1-02 261 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 penetration aids — Techniques and/or devices employed by offensive aerospace weapon systems to increase the probability of penetration of enemy defenses. penetration (air traffic control) — That portion of a published high altitude instrument approach procedure that prescribes a descent path from the fix on which the procedure is based to a fix or altitude from which an approach to the airport is made. performance work statement — A statement of work for performance based acquisitions that describe the results in clear, specific, and objective terms with measurable outcomes. Also called PWS. (JP 4-10) perils of the sea — Accidents and dangers peculiar to maritime activities, such as storms, waves, and wind; collision; grounding; fire, smoke and noxious fumes; flooding, sinking and capsizing; loss of propulsion or steering; and any other hazards resulting from the unique environment of the sea. period — The time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbit around the earth. (JP 3-14) perishable cargo — Cargo requiring refrigeration, such as meat, fruit, fresh vegetables, and medical department biologicals. permissive action link — A device included in or attached to a nuclear weapon system to preclude arming and/or launching until the insertion of a prescribed discrete code or combination. It may include equipment and cabling external to the weapon or weapon system to activate components within the weapon or weapon system. permissive environment — Operational environment in which host country military and law enforcement agencies have control as well as the intent and capability to assist operations that a unit intends to conduct. (JP 3-0) persistency — In biological or chemical warfare, the characteristic of an agent which pertains to the duration of its effectiveness under determined conditions after its dispersal. (JP 3-11) persistent agent — A chemical agent that, when released, remains able to cause casualties for more than 24 hours to several days or weeks. (JP 3-11) persistent surveillance — A collection strategy that emphasizes the ability of some collection systems to linger on demand in an area to detect, locate, characterize, identify, track, target, and possibly provide battle damage assessment and retargeting in near or real-time. Persistent surveillance facilitates the prediction of an adversary’s behavior and the formulation and execution of preemptive activities to deter or forestall anticipated adversary courses of action. See also surveillance. (JP 2-0) personal effects — All privately owned moveable, personal property of an individual. Also called PE. See also mortuary affairs; personal property. (JP 4-06) 262 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 personal locator beacon — (*) An emergency radio locator beacon with a two-way speech facility carried by crew members, either on their person or in their survival equipment, and capable of providing homing signals to assist search and rescue operations. Also called PLB. See also emergency locator beacon. personal property — Property of any kind or any interest therein, except real property, records of the United States Government, and naval vessels of the following categories: surface combatants, support ships, and submarines. (JP 4-06) personal protective equipment — The equipment provided to shield or isolate a person from the chemical, physical, and thermal hazards that can be encountered at a hazardous materials incident. Personal protective equipment includes both personal protective clothing and respiratory protection. Also called PPE. See also individual protective equipment. (JP 3-11) person authorized to direct disposition of human remains — A person, usually primary next of kin, who is authorized to direct disposition of human remains. Also called PADD. See also mortuary affairs. (JP 4-06) person eligible to receive effects — The person authorized by law to receive the personal effects of a deceased military member. Receipt of personal effects does not constitute ownership. Also called PERE. See also mortuary affairs; personal effects. (JP 4-06) personnel — Those individuals required in either a military or civilian capacity to accomplish the assigned mission. (JP 1-0) personnel accountability — The process of identifying, capturing, and recording the personal identification information of an individual usually through the use of a database. (JP 1-0) personnel effects inventory officer — An officer appointed to establish clear chain of custody for all personal effects of an individual from the time they establish control of the effects until they release the effect to mortuary affairs personnel. Also called PEIO. (JP 4-06) personnel increment number — A seven-character, alphanumeric field that uniquely describes a non-unit-related personnel entry (line) in a Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data. Also called PIN. (JP 5-0) personnel locator system — A system that provides rough range and bearing to isolated personnel by integrating the survival radio (if equipped with a transponder) with an airborne locating system, based on an encrypted communications homing system. Also called PLS. (JP 3-50) JP 1-02 263 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 personnel locator system code — A six digit number programmed into survival radios and used by recovery forces to covertly locate isolated personnel. Also called PLS code. (JP 3-50) personnel recovery — The sum of military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to prepare for and execute the recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel. Also called PR. See also combat search and rescue; evasion; evasion and escape; personnel; recovery; search and rescue. (JP 3-50) personnel recovery coordination cell — The primary joint force component organization responsible for coordinating and controlling component personnel recovery missions. Also called PRCC. (JP 3-50) personnel recovery task force — A force comprised of US or multinational military forces and/or other US agencies formed to execute a specific personnel recovery mission to locate, support, and recover isolated personnel. Also called PRTF. (JP 3-50) personnel security investigation — An inquiry into the activities of an individual, designed to develop pertinent information pertaining to trustworthiness and suitability for a position of trust as related to loyalty, character, emotional stability, and reliability. Also called PSI. personnel services support — Service-provided sustainment activities that support a Service member during both joint exercises and joint operations. Also called PSS. (JP 1-0) petroleum, oils and lubricants — A broad term that includes all petroleum and associated products used by the Armed Forces. Also called POL. (JP 4-01.6) phase — In joint operation planning, a definitive stage of an operation or campaign during which a large portion of the forces and capabilities are involved in similar or mutually supporting activities for a common purpose. (JP 5-0) phase line — A line utilized for control and coordination of military operations, usually an easily identified feature in the operational area. Also called PL. (JP 3-09) phonetic alphabet — A list of standard words used to identify letters in a message transmitted by radio or telephone. The following are the authorized words, listed in order, for each letter in the alphabet: ALFA, BRAVO, CHARLIE, DELTA, ECHO, FOXTROT, GOLF, HOTEL, INDIA, JULIETT, KILO, LIMA, MIKE, NOVEMBER, OSCAR, PAPA, QUEBEC, ROMEO, SIERRA, TANGO, UNIFORM, VICTOR, WHISKEY, X-RAY, YANKEE, and ZULU. phony minefield — An area free of live mines used to simulate a minefield, or section of a minefield, with the object of deceiving the enemy. See also minefield. (JP 3-15) 264 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 photomap — (*) A reproduction of a photograph or photomosaic upon which the grid lines, marginal data, contours, place names, boundaries, and other data may be added. physical characteristics — Those military characteristics of equipment that are primarily physical in nature, such as weight, shape, volume, water-proofing, and sturdiness. physical damage assessment — The estimate of the quantitative extent of physical damage (through munitions blast, fragmentation, and/or fire damage effects) to a target resulting from the application of military force. This assessment is based upon observed or interpreted damage. See also battle damage assessment. (JP 3-60) physical security —1. That part of security concerned with physical measures designed to safeguard personnel; to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, installations, material, and documents; and to safeguard them against espionage, sabotage, damage, and theft. (JP 3-0) 2. In communications security, the component that results from all physical measures necessary to safeguard classified equipment, material, and documents from access thereto or observation thereof by unauthorized persons. See also communications security; security. (JP 6-0) pictomap — A topographic map in which the photographic imagery of a standard mosaic has been converted into interpretable colors and symbols by means of a pictomap process. Pierson-Moskowitz scale — A scale that categorizes the force of progressively higher wind speeds. See also sea state. (JP 4-01.6) pipeline — In logistics, the channel of support or a specific portion thereof by means of which materiel or personnel flow from sources of procurement to their point of use. (JP 4-08) piracy — An illegal act of violence, depredation (e.g., plundering, robbing, or pillaging), or detention in or over international waters committed for private ends by the crew or passengers of a private ship or aircraft against another ship or aircraft or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft. placement — An individual’s proximity to information of intelligence interest. (JP 2-01.2) plan for landing — In amphibious operations, a collective term referring to all individually prepared naval and landing force documents which, taken together, present in detail all instructions for execution of the ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) plan identification number — 1. A command-unique four-digit number followed by a suffix indicating the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan year for which the plan is written. 2. A five-digit number representing the command-unique four-digit identifier, followed by a one-character, alphabetic suffix indicating the operation plan option, or a one-digit JP 1-02 265 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 number numeric value indicating the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan year for which the plan is written. Also called PID. (JP 5-0) planned target — Target that is known to exist in the operational environment, upon which actions are planned using deliberate targeting, creating effects which support commander’s objectives. There are two types of planned targets: scheduled and oncall. See also on-call target; operational area; scheduled target; target. (JP 3-60) planning and direction — In intelligence usage, the determination of intelligence requirements, development of appropriate intelligence architecture, preparation of a collection plan, and issuance of orders and requests to information collection agencies. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) planning directive — In amphibious operations, the plan issued by the designated commander, following receipt of the initiating directive, to ensure that the planning process and interdependent plans developed by the amphibious force will be coordinated, completed in the time allowed, and important aspects not overlooked. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) planning factor — A multiplier used in planning to estimate the amount and type of effort involved in a contemplated operation. (JP 5-0) planning factors database — Databases created and maintained by the Military Services for the purpose of identifying all geospatial information and services requirements for emerging and existing forces and systems. The database identifies: unit requirements, at the information content level, for geospatial data and services; system requirements for standard Department of Defense geospatial data and services; research, development, test, and evaluation requirements for developmental systems, identified by milestone; and initial operating capability and full operating capability for emerging systems. Also called PFDB. See also data; database; geospatial information and services. (JP 2-03) planning order — A planning directive that provides essential planning guidance and directs the initiation of execution planning before the directing authority approves a military course of action. Also called PLANORD. See also execution planning. (JP 5-0) planning phase — In amphibious operations, the phase normally denoted by the period extending from the issuance of the initiating directive up to the embarkation phase. The planning phase may occur during movement or at any other time upon receipt of a new mission or change in the operational situation. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) planning team — A functional element within a joint force commander’s headquarters established to solve problems related to a specific task or requirement. The planning team is not enduring and dissolves upon completion of the assigned task. (JP 3-33) 266 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 point defense — The defense or protection of special vital elements and installations; e.g., command and control facilities or air bases. (JP 3-52) pointee-talkee — A language aid containing selected phrases in English opposite a translation in a foreign language. It is used by pointing to appropriate phrases. See also evasion aid. (JP 3-50 point of employment — In distribution operations, a physical location designated by the commander at the tactical level where force employment, emplacement, or commodity consumption occurs. (JP 4-09) point of need — In distribution operations, a physical location within a desired operational area designated by the geographic combatant commander or subordinate commander as a receiving point for forces or materiel, for subsequent use or consumption. (JP 4-09) point of origin — In distribution operations, the beginning point of a deployment, redeployment, or movement where forces or materiel are located. (JP 4-09) point-to-point sealift — The movement of troops and/or cargo in Military Sealift Command nucleus or commercial shipping between established ports, in administrative landings, or during logistics over-the-shore operations. See also administrative landing; logistics over-the-shore operations. polar orbit — A satellite orbit in which the satellite passes over the North and South Poles on each orbit, and eventually passes over all points on the earth. The angle of inclination between the equator and a polar orbit is 90 degrees. (JP 3-14) political intelligence — Intelligence concerning foreign and domestic policies of governments and the activities of political movements. pool — 1. Maintenance and control of a supply of resources or personnel upon which other activities may draw. The primary purpose of a pool is to promote maximum efficiency of use of the pooled resources or personnel, e.g., a petroleum pool or a labor and equipment pool. 2. Any combination of resources which serves a common purpose. population at risk — The strength in personnel of a given force structure in terms of which casualty rates are stated. Also called PAR. (JP 4-02) port capacity — (*) The estimated capacity of a port or an anchorage to clear cargo in 24 hours usually expressed in tons. See also clearance capacity. port complex — (*) A port complex comprises one or more port areas of varying importance whose activities are geographically linked either because these areas are dependent on a common inland transport system or because they constitute a common initial destination for convoys. JP 1-02 267 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 port of debarkation — The geographic point at which cargo or personnel are discharged. This may be a seaport or aerial port of debarkation; for unit requirements; it may or may not coincide with the destination. Also called POD. See also port of embarkation. (JP 4-0) port of embarkation — The geographic point in a routing scheme from which cargo or personnel depart. This may be a seaport or aerial port from which personnel and equipment flow to a port of debarkation; for unit and non-unit requirements, it may or may not coincide with the origin. Also called POE. See also port of debarkation. (JP 4-01.2) port operations group — A task-organized unit, located at the seaport of embarkation and/or debarkation under the control of the landing force support party and/or combat service support element, that assists and provides support in the loading and/or unloading and staging of personnel, supplies, and equipment from shipping. Also called POG. See also landing force support party; task organization. (JP 3-35) port security — The safeguarding of vessels, harbors, ports, waterfront facilities, and cargo from internal threats such as destruction, loss, or injury from sabotage or other subversive acts; accidents; thefts; or other causes of similar nature. See also physical security; security. (JP 3-10) port support activity — A tailorable support organization composed of mobilization station assets that ensures the equipment of the deploying units is ready to load. The port support activity operates unique equipment in conjunction with ship loading operations. The port support activity is operationally controlled by the military port commander or terminal transfer unit commander. Also called PSA. See also support. (JP 3-35) positive control — A method of airspace control that relies on positive identification, tracking, and direction of aircraft within an airspace, conducted with electronic means by an agency having the authority and responsibility therein. (JP 3-52) positive identification and radar advisory zone — A specified area established for identification and flight following of aircraft in the vicinity of a fleet-defended area. Also called PIRAZ. Posse Comitatus Act — Prohibits search, seizure, or arrest powers to US military personnel. Amended in 1981 under Public Law 97-86 to permit increased Department of Defense support of drug interdiction and other law enforcement activities. (Title 18, “Use of Army and Air Force as Posse Comitatus” - United States Code, Section 1385) power projection — The ability of a nation to apply all or some of its elements of national power - political, economic, informational, or military - to rapidly and effectively deploy and sustain forces in and from multiple dispersed locations to respond to crises, to contribute to deterrence, and to enhance regional stability. See also elements of national power. (JP 3-35) 268 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 prearranged fire — Fire that is formally planned and executed against targets or target areas of known location. Such fire is usually planned well in advance and is executed at a predetermined time or during a predetermined period of time. See also on-call. (JP 3-09) preassault operations — Operations conducted by the amphibious force upon its arrival in the operational area and prior to H-hour and/or L-hour. See also amphibious force; times. (JP 3-02) precautionary personnel recovery — The planning and pre-positioning of aircraft, ships, or ground forces and facilities before an operation to provide personnel recovery assistance if needed. Precautionary postures include: duckbutt; lifeguard; airborne alert; and quick response posture. Also called precautionary PR. (JP 3-50) precedence — 1. communications — A designation assigned to a message by the originator to indicate to communications personnel the relative order of handling and to the addressee the order in which the message is to be noted. Examples of communication precedence from most immediate to least are flash, immediate, priority, and routine. 2. reconnaissance — A letter designation, assigned by a unit requesting several reconnaissance missions, to indicate the relative order of importance (within an established priority) of the mission requested. 3. evacuation — The assignment of a priority for medical evacuation that is based on patient condition, advice of the senior medical person at the scene, and the tactical situation. precipitation static — Charged precipitation particles that strike antennas and gradually charge the antenna, which ultimately discharges across the insulator, causing a burst of static. Also called P-STATIC. (JP 3-13.1) precise time and time interval — A reference value of time and time interval (frequency). Standards are maintained through traceable measurements referenced to a primary timing or frequency standard. The Department of Defense standard for precise time and time interval is Universal Coordinated Time as maintained by the United States Naval Observatory. (JP 3-59) precision bombing — Bombing directed at a specific point target. precision-guided munition — A guided weapon intended to destroy a point target and minimize collateral damage. Also called PGM, smart weapon, smart munition. (JP 3-03) precursor — Any chemical reactant which takes place at any stage in the production by whatever method of a toxic chemical. This includes any key component of a binary or multicomponent chemical system. (JP 3-11) JP 1-02 269 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 precursor chemical — Compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, and become incorporated into the drug molecule. Not used in the production of cocaine or heroin. (JP 307.4) preliminary communications search — In search and rescue operations, consists of contacting and checking major facilities within the areas where the craft might be or might have been seen. A preliminary communications search is normally conducted during the uncertainty phase. Also called PRECOM. See also search and rescue incident classification, Subpart a. preparation fire — Fire delivered on a target preparatory to an assault. preparation of the environment — An umbrella term for operations and activities conducted by selectively trained special operations forces to develop an environment for potential future special operations. Also called PE. (JP 3-05) prepare to deploy order — An order issued by competent authority to move forces or prepare forces for movement (e.g., increase deployability posture of units). Also called PTDO. (JP 5-0) preplanned air support — Air support in accordance with a program, planned in advance of operations. (JP 3-09.3) preplanned mission request — A request for an air strike on a target that can be anticipated sufficiently in advance to permit detailed mission coordination and planning. (JP 3-09.3) pre-position — To place military units, equipment, or supplies at or near the point of planned use or at a designated location to reduce reaction time, and to ensure timely support of a specific force during initial phases of an operation. (JP 4-0) pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, balance — That portion of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement that has not been acquired or funded. This level consists of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, less the prepositioned war reserve requirement, protectable. pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, protectable — That portion of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement that is protected for purposes of procurement, funding, and inventory management. pre-positioned war reserve requirement — That portion of the war reserve materiel requirement that the current Secretary of Defense guidance dictates be reserved and positioned at or near the point of planned use or issue to the user prior to hostilities to reduce reaction time and to assure timely support of a specific force or project until replenishment can be effected. 270 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 pre-positioned war reserve stock — The assets that are designated to satisfy the prepositioned war reserve materiel requirement. Also called PWRS. presail — The time prior to a ship getting under way used to prepare for at-sea events. (JP 3-04) preset guidance — A technique of missile control wherein a predetermined flight path is set into the control mechanism and cannot be adjusted after launching. Presidential Call-up — Procedures by which the President brings all or a part of the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard to active federal service under Title 10, United States Code, Section 12406 and Chapter 15. See also active duty; federal service; Presidential Reserve Call-up. (JP 4-05) Presidential Reserve Call-up — Provision of a public law (Title 10, United States Code, Section 12304) that provides the President a means to activate, without a declaration of national emergency, not more than 200,000 members of the Selected Reserve and the Individual Ready Reserve (of whom not more than 30,000 may be members of the Individual Ready Reserve), for not more than 365 days to meet the requirements of any operational mission. Members called under this provision may not be used for disaster relief or to suppress insurrection. This authority has particular utility when used in circumstances in which the escalatory national or international signals of partial or full mobilization would be undesirable. Forces available under this authority can provide a tailored, limited-scope, deterrent, or operational response, or may be used as a precursor to any subsequent mobilization. Also called PRC. See also Individual Ready Reserve; mobilization; Presidential Call-up; Selected Reserve. (JP 4-05) pressure mine — 1. In land mine warfare, a mine whose fuse responds to the direct pressure of a target. 2. In naval mine warfare, a mine whose circuit responds to the hydrodynamic pressure field of a target. See also mine. (JP 3-15) prestrike reconnaissance — Missions undertaken for the purpose of obtaining complete information about known targets for use by the strike force. prevention —In space usage, measures to preclude an adversary’s hostile use of United States or third-party space systems and services. Prevention can include diplomatic, economic, and political measures. See also space control. (JP 3-14) prevention of mutual interference — In submarine operations, procedures established to prevent submerged collisions between friendly submarines, between submarines and friendly surface ship towed bodies and arrays, and between submarines and any other hazards to submerged navigation (e.g., explosive detonations, research submersible operations, oil drilling rigs, etc.). (JP 3-32) preventive deployment — The deployment of military forces to deter violence at the interface or zone of potential conflict where tension is rising among parties. Forces may be employed in such a way that they are indistinguishable from a peace operations JP 1-02 271 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 force in terms of equipment, force posture, and activities. enforcement; peacekeeping; peace operations. (JP 3-07.3) See also peace preventive maintenance — The care and servicing by personnel for the purpose of maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition by providing for systematic inspection, detection, and correction of incipient failures either before they occur or before they develop into major defects. preventive medicine — The anticipation, communication, prediction, identification, prevention, education, risk assessment, and control of communicable diseases, illnesses and exposure to endemic, occupational, and environmental threats. These threats include nonbattle injuries, combat stress responses, weapons of mass destruction, and other threats to the health and readiness of military personnel. Communicable diseases include anthropod-, vector-, food-, waste-, and waterborne diseases. Preventative medicine measures include field sanitation, medical surveillance, pest and vector control, disease risk assessment, environmental and occupational health surveillance, waste (human, hazardous, and medical) disposal, food safety inspection, and potable water surveillance. Also called PVNTMED. (JP 4-02) primary agency — The federal department or agency assigned primary responsibility for managing and coordinating a specific emergency support function in the National Response Plan. (JP 3-28) primary control officer — In amphibious operations, the officer embarked in a primary control ship assigned to control the movement of landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and landing ships to and from a colored beach. Also called PCO. (JP 3-02) primary control ship — In amphibious operations, a ship of the task force designated to provide support for the primary control officer and a combat information center control team for a colored beach. Also called PCS. (JP 3-02) primary flight control — The controlling agency on aviation ships and amphibious aviation assault ships that is responsible for air traffic control of aircraft within 5 nautical miles of the ship. On most Coast Guard cutters, primary flight control duties are performed by a combat information center, and the term “PRIFLY” is not used. Also called PRIFLY. See also amphibious aviation assault ship; aviation ship. (JP 3-04) primary review authority — The organization, within the lead agent's chain of command, that is assigned by the lead agent to perform the actions and coordination necessary to develop and maintain the assigned joint publication under the cognizance of the lead agent. Also called PRA. See also joint publication; lead agent. (CJCSI 5120.02) prime contract — A contract or contractual action entered into by the United States Government for the purpose of obtaining supplies, materials, equipment, or services of any kind. (JP 4-10) 272 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 prime vendor — A contracting process that provides commercial products to regionally grouped military and federal customers from commercial distributors using electronic commerce. Customers typically receive materiel delivery through the vendor’s commercial distribution system. Also called PV. See also distribution system. (JP 4-09) principal federal official — The federal official designated by the Secretary of Homeland Security to act as his/her representative locally to oversee, coordinate, and execute the Secretary’s incident management responsibilities under Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 for incidents of national significance. Also called PFO. (JP 3-41) principal items — End items and replacement assemblies of such importance that management techniques require centralized individual item management throughout the supply system, to include depot level, base level, and items in the hands of using units. These specifically include the items where, in the judgment of the Services, there is a need for central inventory control, including centralized computation of requirements, central procurement, central direction of distribution, and central knowledge and control of all assets owned by the Services. principal officer — The officer in charge of a diplomatic mission, consular office, or other Foreign Service post, such as a United States liaison office. (JP 3-08) priority designator — A two-digit issue and priority code (01 through 15) placed in military standard requisitioning and issue procedure requisitions. It is based upon a combination of factors that relate the mission of the requisitioner and the urgency of need or the end use and is used to provide a means of assigning relative rankings to competing demands placed on the Department of Defense supply system. priority intelligence requirement — An intelligence requirement, stated as a priority for intelligence support, that the commander and staff need to understand the adversary or the operational environment. Also called PIR. See also information requirements; intelligence; intelligence process; intelligence requirement. (JP 2-0) priority national intelligence objectives — A guide for the coordination of intelligence collection and production in response to requirements relating to the formulation and execution of national security policy. They are compiled annually by the Washington Intelligence Community and flow directly from the intelligence mission as set forth by the National Security Council. They are specific enough to provide a basis for planning the allocation of collection and research resources, but not so specific as to constitute in themselves research and collection requirements. prisoner of war — A detained person as defined in Articles 4 and 5 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of August 12, 1949. In particular, one who, while engaged in combat under orders of his or her government, is captured by the armed forces of the enemy. As such, he or she is entitled to the combatant’s privilege of immunity from the municipal law of the capturing state for warlike acts which do not amount to breaches of the law of armed conflict. For JP 1-02 273 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 example, a prisoner of war may be, but is not limited to, any person belonging to one of the following categories who has fallen into the power of the enemy: a member of the armed forces, organized militia or volunteer corps; a person who accompanies the armed forces without actually being a member thereof; a member of a merchant marine or civilian aircraft crew not qualifying for more favorable treatment; or individuals who, on the approach of the enemy, spontaneously take up arms to resist the invading forces. Also called POW or PW. prisoner of war camp — An installation established for the internment and administration of prisoners of war. private sector — An umbrella term that may be applied in the United States and in foreign countries to any or all of the nonpublic or commercial individuals and businesses, specified nonprofit organizations, most of academia and other scholastic institutions, and selected nongovernmental organizations. (JP 3-57) privity of contract — The legal relationship that exists between two contracting parties, for example, between the government and the prime contractor (JP 4-10) probability of damage — (*) The probability that damage will occur to a target expressed as a percentage or as a decimal. Also called PD. probe — In information operations, any attempt to gather information about an automated information system or its on-line users. See also information; information operations; information system. (JP 3-13) procedural control — A method of airspace control which relies on a combination of previously agreed and promulgated orders and procedures. (JP 3-52) procedures — Standard, detailed steps that prescribe how to perform specific tasks. See also tactics; techniques. (CJCSI 5120.02) procedure word — A word or phrase limited to radio telephone procedure used to facilitate communication by conveying information in a condensed standard form. Also called proword. (JP 3-09.3) processing — A system of operations designed to convert raw data into useful information. (JP 2-0) processing and exploitation — In intelligence usage, the conversion of collected information into forms suitable to the production of intelligence. See also intelligence process. (JP 2-01) process owner — The head of a Department of Defense component assigned a responsibility by the Secretary of Defense when process improvement involves more than one Military Service or Department of Defense component. (JP 4-0) 274 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 procurement lead time — The interval in time between the initiation of procurement action and receipt into the supply system of the production model (excludes prototypes) purchased as the result of such actions. It is composed of two elements, production lead time and administrative lead time. See also production lead time; receipt into the supply system. (JP 4-10) procuring contracting officer — A contracting officer who initiates and signs the contract. Also called PCO. See also administrative contracting officer; contracting officer. (JP 4-10) producer countries — In counterdrug operations, countries where naturally occurring plants such as coca, cannabis, or poppies are cultivated for later refinement into illicit drugs. See also counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) production base — The total national industrial production capacity available for the manufacture of items to meet materiel requirements. (JP 4-05) production lead time — The time interval between the placement of a contract and receipt into the supply system of materiel purchased. Two entries are provided: a. initial — The time interval if the item is not under production as of the date of contract placement; and b. reorder — The time interval if the item is under production as of the date of contract placement. See also procurement lead time. (JP 4-10) production logistics — That part of logistics concerning research, design, development, manufacture, and acceptance of materiel. In consequence, production logistics includes: standardization and interoperability, contracting, quality assurance, initial provisioning, transportability, reliability and defect analysis, safety standards, specifications and production processes, trials and testing (including provision of necessary facilities), equipment documentation, configuration control, and modifications. profile — See flight profile. prohibited area — A specified area within the land areas of a state or its internal waters, archipelagic waters, or territorial sea adjacent thereto over which the flight of aircraft is prohibited. May also refer to land or sea areas to which access is prohibited. See also restricted area. (JP 3-52) proliferation — The transfer of weapons of mass destruction, related materials, technology, and expertise from suppliers to hostile state or non-state actors. (JP 3-40) proof — To verify that a breached lane is free of live mines by passing a mine roller or other mine-resistant vehicle through as the lead vehicle. (JP 3-15) JP 1-02 275 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 propaganda — Any form of adversary communication, especially of a biased or misleading nature, designed to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes, or behavior of any group in order to benefit the sponsor, either directly or indirectly. (JP 3-13.2) proper authority — An authority authorized to call an opposing force hostile; may be either the President, the Secretary of Defense, the affected combatant commander, and/or any commander so delegated by either the President, Secretary of Defense or the combatant commander. proper clearance — A clearance for entry of units into specified defense areas by civil or military authorities having responsibility for granting such clearance. property — 1. Anything that may be owned. 2. As used in the military establishment, this term is usually confined to tangible property, including real estate and materiel. For special purposes and as used in certain statutes, this term may exclude such items as the public domain, certain lands, certain categories of naval vessels, and records of the Federal Government. protected emblems — The red cross, red crescent, and other symbols that designate that persons, places, or equipment so marked have a protected status under the law of war. protected frequencies — Those friendly frequencies used for a particular operation, identified and protected to prevent them from being inadvertently jammed by friendly forces while active electronic warfare operations are directed against hostile forces. These frequencies are of such critical importance that jamming should be restricted unless absolutely necessary or until coordination with the using unit is made. They are generally time-oriented, may change with the tactical situation, and must be updated periodically. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) protected persons/places — Persons (such as enemy prisoners of war) and places (such as hospitals) that enjoy special protections under the law of war. They may or may not be marked with protected emblems. (JP 1-04) protection — 1. Preservation of the effectiveness and survivability of mission-related military and nonmilitary personnel, equipment, facilities, information, and infrastructure deployed or located within or outside the boundaries of a given operational area. (JP 3-0) 2. In space usage, active and passive defensive measures to ensure that United States and friendly space systems perform as designed by seeking to overcome an adversary’s attempts to negate them and to minimize damage if negation is attempted. See also mission-oriented protective posture; space control. (JP 3-14) protection of shipping — The use of proportionate force, when necessary for the protection of US flag vessels and aircraft, US citizens (whether embarked in US or foreign vessels), and their property against unlawful violence. (JP 3-0) 276 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 protective clothing — (*) Clothing especially designed, fabricated, or treated to protect personnel against hazards caused by extreme changes in physical environment, dangerous working conditions, or enemy action. protective mask — A protective ensemble designed to protect the wearer’s face and eyes and prevent the breathing of air contaminated with chemical and/or biological agents. See also mission-oriented protective posture. (JP 3-11) protective minefield — 1. In land mine warfare, a minefield employed to assist a unit in its local, close-in protection. 2. In naval mine warfare, a minefield emplaced in friendly territorial waters to protect ports, harbors, anchorages, coasts, and coastal routes. See also minefield. (JP 3-15) provincial reconstruction team — An interim interagency organization designed to improve stability in a given area by helping build the legitimacy and effectiveness of a host nation local or provincial government in providing security to its citizens and delivering essential government services. Also called PRT. (JP 3-57) proword — See procedure word. proximity operations — In space operations, on-orbit activities of a resident space object that deliberately and necessarily maintains a close distance from another resident space object for a specific purpose. Two objects in space that pass each other by natural orbital mechanics (e.g., routine orbital conjunctions or close approaches) or Department of Defense space systems which are designated to utilize cluster or formation flight to maintain required proximity to provide required system functionality do not fall within this definition. (JP 3-14) public affairs — Those public information, command information, and community engagement activities directed toward both the external and internal publics with interest in the Department of Defense. Also called PA. See also command information; public information. (JP 3-61) public affairs assessment — An analysis of the news media and public environments to evaluate the degree of understanding about strategic and operational objectives and military activities and to identify levels of public support. It includes judgments about the public affairs impact of pending decisions and recommendations about the structure of public affairs support for the assigned mission. See also assessment; public affairs. (JP 3-61) public affairs guidance — Constraints and restraints established by proper authority regarding public information, command information, and community relations activities. It may also address the method(s), timing, location, and other details governing the release of information to the public. Also called PAG. See also public affairs. (JP 3-61) JP 1-02 277 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 public diplomacy — 1. Those overt international public information activities of the United States Government designed to promote United States foreign policy objectives by seeking to understand, inform, and influence foreign audiences and opinion makers, and by broadening the dialogue between American citizens and institutions and their counterparts abroad. 2. In peace building, civilian agency efforts to promote an understanding of the reconstruction efforts, rule of law, and civic responsibility through public affairs and international public diplomacy operations. Its objective is to promote and sustain consent for peace building both within the host nation and externally in the region and in the larger international community. (JP 3-07.3) public information — Within public affairs, that information of a military nature, the dissemination of which is consistent with security and approved for release. (JP 3-61) public key infrastructure — An enterprise-wide service (i.e. data integrity, user identification and authentication, user non-repudiation, data confidentiality, encryption, and digital signature) that supports digital signatures and other public key-based security mechanisms for Department of Defense functional enterprise programs, including generation, production, distribution, control, and accounting of public key certificates. A public key infrastructure provides the means to bind public keys to their owners and helps in the distribution of reliable public keys in large heterogeneous networks. Public keys are bound to their owners by public key certificates. These certificates contain information such as the owner’s name and the associated public key and are issued by a reliable certification authority. Also called PKI. pulse duration — In radar, measurement of pulse transmission time in microseconds; that is, the time the radar’s transmitter is energized during each cycle. Also called pulse length and pulse width. purchasing office — Any installation or activity, or any division, office, branch, section, unit, or other organizational element of an installation or activity charged with the functions of procuring supplies or services. purposeful interference — In space operations, deliberate actions taken to deny or disrupt a space system, service, or capability. Purposeful interference threats include but are not limited to: mission uplink or downlink interference; command uplink interference; telemetry downlink jamming; positioning jamming; unauthorized access; information insertion; and signal probing. Also called PI. (JP 3-14) 278 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Q Q-route — A system of preplanned shipping lanes in mined or potentially mined waters used to minimize the area the mine countermeasures commander has to keep clear of mines in order to provide safe passage for friendly shipping. (JP 3-15) quadruple container — A quadruple container box 57.5inches x 96inches x 96inches with a metal frame, pallet base, and International Organization for Standardization corner fittings. Four of these boxes can be lashed together to form a 20-foot American National Standards Institute or International Organization for Standardization intermodal container. Also called QUADCON. (JP 4-09) qualifying entity — A non-governmental organization to which the Department of Defense may provide assistance for special events by virtue of statute, regulation, policy, or other approval by the Secretary of Defense or his or her authorized designee. (DODD 3025.18) quay — A structure of solid construction along a shore or bank that provides berthing and generally provides cargo-handling facilities. A similar facility of open construction is called a wharf. See also wharf. (JP 4-01.5) quick response force — A company-sized force providing responsive, mission-tailored, lightly armed ground units that can deploy on short notice, with minimal lift assets, and capable of providing immediate or emergency response. Also called QRF. (JP 3-27) JP 1-02 279 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 280 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 R radar advisory — The term used to indicate that the provision of advice and information is based on radar observation. (JP 3-52) radar beacon — A receiver-transmitter combination that sends out a coded signal when triggered by the proper type of pulse, enabling determination of range and bearing information by the interrogating station or aircraft. Also called RB. radar coverage — (*) The limits within which objects can be detected by one or more radar stations. radar horizon — (*) The locus of points at which the rays from a radar antenna become tangential to the Earth’s surface. On the open sea this locus is horizontal, but on land it varies according to the topographical features of the terrain. radar imagery — Imagery produced by recording radar waves reflected from a given target surface. radar intelligence — Intelligence derived from data collected by radar. RADINT. See also intelligence. (JP 2-0) Also called radar netting unit — Optional electronic equipment that converts the operations central of certain air defense fire distribution systems to a radar netting station. (JP 3-01) radar picket — Any ship, aircraft, or vehicle, stationed at a distance from the force protected, and integrated into a common operational picture for the purpose of increasing the radar detection range. (JP 3-07.4) radar spoking — Periodic flashes of the rotating time base on a radial display. Sometimes caused by mutual interference. radial — A magnetic bearing extending from a very high frequency omni-range and/or tactical air navigation station. radiant exposure — See thermal exposure. radiation dose — The total amount of ionizing radiation absorbed by material or tissues. See also exposure dose. (JP 3-11) radiation dose rate — Measurement of radiation dose per unit of time. (JP 3-11) radiation exposure state — (*) The condition of a unit, or exceptionally an individual, deduced from the cumulative whole body radiation dose(s) received. It is expressed as a symbol which indicates the potential for future operations and the degree of risk if exposed to additional nuclear radiation. JP 1-02 281 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 radiation exposure status — Criteria to assist the commander in measuring unit exposure to radiation based on total past cumulative dose, normally expressed in centigray. Also called RES. (JP 3-11) radio detection — (*) The detection of the presence of an object by radio-location without precise determination of its position. radio frequency countermeasures — Any device or technique employing radio frequency materials or technology that is intended to impair the effectiveness of enemy activity, particularly with respect to precision guided weapons and sensor systems. Also called RF CM. (JP 3-13.1) radiological accident — A loss of control over radiation or radioactive material that presents a hazard to life, health, or property or that may result in any member of the general population exceeding exposure limits for ionizing radiation. (JP 3-41) radiological defense — Defensive measures taken against the radiation hazards resulting from the employment of nuclear and radiological weapons. (JP 3-41) radiological dispersal device — An improvised assembly or process, other than a nuclear explosive device, designed to disseminate radioactive material in order to cause destruction, damage, or injury. Also called RDD. (JP 3-11) radiological environment — Conditions found in an area resulting from the presence of a radiological hazard. (JP 3-41) radiological exposure device — A radioactive source placed to cause injury or death. Also called RED. (JP 3-11) radio silence — (*) A condition in which all or certain radio equipment capable of radiation is kept inoperative. (DOD only) (Note: In combined or United States Joint or intra-Service communications the frequency bands and/or types of equipment affected will be specified.) raid — An operation to temporarily seize an area in order to secure information, confuse an adversary, capture personnel or equipment, or to destroy a capability culminating with a planned withdrawal. (JP 3-0) railhead — A point on a railway where loads are transferred between trains and other means of transport. (JP 4-09) range marker — (*) A single calibration blip fed onto the time base of a radial display. The rotation of the time base shows the single blips as a circle on the plan position indicator scope. It may be used to measure range. 282 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 range markers — Two upright markers that may be lighted at night and placed so that, when aligned, the direction indicated assists in piloting. They may be used in amphibious operations to aid in beaching landing ships or craft. Rangers — Rapidly deployable airborne light infantry organized and trained to conduct highly complex joint direct action operations in coordination with or in support of other special operations units of all Services. (JP 3-05) rapid and precise response — Rapid and precise response is the ability of the defense supply chain to meet the constantly changing needs of the joint force. (JP 4-0) Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineer. Air Force units wartime-structured to provide a heavy engineer capability that are mobile, rapidly deployable, and largely self-sufficient for limited periods of time. Also called RED HORSE. (JP 3-34) rapid global mobility — The timely movement, positioning, and sustainment of military forces and capabilities across the range of military operations. See also mobility. (JP 3-17) rapid response force — A battalion minus-sized force providing responsive, missiontailored, lightly armed ground units that can deploy on short notice, with minimal lift assets, and capable of providing immediate or emergency response. Also called RRF. (JP 3-27) ratification — 1. The declaration by which a nation formally accepts, with our without reservation, the content of a standardization agreement. 2. The process of approving an unauthorized commitment by an official who has the authority to do so. See also implementation; subscription; unauthorized commitment. (JP 4-10) rationalization — Any action that increases the effectiveness of allied forces through more efficient or effective use of defense resources committed to the alliance. Rationalization includes consolidation, reassignment of national priorities to higher alliance needs, standardization, specialization, mutual support or improved interoperability, and greater cooperation. Rationalization applies to both weapons and/or materiel resources and non-weapons military matters. (JP 4-08) R-day — See times. reachback — The process of obtaining products, services, and applications, or forces, or equipment, or material from organizations that are not forward deployed. (JP 3-30) readiness — The ability of United States military forces to fight and meet the demands of the national military strategy. Readiness is the synthesis of two distinct but interrelated levels. a. unit readiness — The ability to provide capabilities required by the combatant commanders to execute their assigned missions. This is derived from the ability of each unit to deliver the outputs for which it was designed. b. joint readiness JP 1-02 283 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 — The combatant commander’s ability to integrate and synchronize ready combat and support forces to execute his or her assigned missions. See also National Military Strategy. readiness condition — See operational readiness. Ready Reserve — The Selected Reserve, Individual Ready Reserve, and Inactive National Guard liable for active duty as prescribed by law (Title 10, United States Code, Sections 10142, 12301, and 12302). See also active duty; Inactive National Guard; Individual Ready Reserve; Selected Reserve. (JP 4-05) ready-to-load date — The date when a unit will be ready to move from the origin, i.e., mobilization station. Also called RLD. (JP 5-0) reallocation authority — (*) The authority given to NATO commanders and normally negotiated in peacetime, to reallocate in an “emergency in war” national logistic resources controlled by the combat forces under their command, and made available by nations, in order to influence the battle logistically. real property — Lands, buildings, structures, utilities systems, improvements, and appurtenances, thereto that includes equipment attached to and made part of buildings and structures, but not movable equipment. JP 3-34 rear area operations center/rear tactical operations center — A command and control facility that serves as an area and/or subarea commander’s planning, coordinating, monitoring, advising, and directing agency for area security operations. (JP 3-10) rearming — 1. An operation that replenishes the prescribed stores of ammunition, bombs, and other armament items for an aircraft, naval ship, tank, or armored vehicle (including replacement of defective ordnance equipment) in order to make it ready for combat service. 2. Resetting the fuze on a bomb or on an artillery, mortar, or rocket projectile so that it will detonate at the desired time. reattack recommendation — An assessment, derived from the results of battle damage assessment and munitions effectiveness assessment, providing the commander systematic advice on reattack of targets and further target selection to achieve objectives. The reattack recommendation considers objective achievement, target, and aimpoint selection, attack timing, tactics, and weapon system and munitions selection. The reattack recommendation is a combined operations and intelligence function. Also called RR. See also assessment; battle damage assessment; munitions effectiveness assessment; target. (JP 3-60) receipt into the supply system — That point in time when the first item or first quantity of the item of the contract has been received at or is en route to point of first delivery after inspection and acceptance. See also procurement lead time. (JP 4-10) 284 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 receiving ship — The ship in a replenishment unit that receives the rig(s). (JP 4-03) reception — 1. All ground arrangements connected with the delivery and disposition of air or sea drops. Includes selection and preparation of site, signals for warning and approach, facilitation of secure departure of agents, speedy collection of delivered articles, and their prompt removal to storage places having maximum security. When a group is involved, it may be called a reception committee. 2. Arrangements to welcome and provide secure quarters or transportation for defectors, escapees, evaders, or incoming agents. 3. The process of receiving, offloading, marshalling, and transporting of personnel, equipment, and materiel from the strategic and/or intratheater deployment phase to a sea, air, or surface transportation point of debarkation to the marshalling area. (JP 3-35) recognition — 1. The determination by any means of the individuality of persons, or of objects such as aircraft, ships, or tanks, or of phenomena such as communicationselectronics patterns. 2. In ground combat operations, the determination that an object is similar within a category of something already known; e.g., tank, truck, man. recognition signal — Any prearranged signal by which individuals or units may identify each other. reconnaissance — A mission undertaken to obtain, by visual observation or other detection methods, information about the activities and resources of an enemy or adversary, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area. Also called RECON. (JP 2-0) reconnaissance in force — (*) An offensive operation designed to discover and/or test the enemy’s strength or to obtain other information. recovery — 1. In air (aviation) operations, that phase of a mission which involves the return of an aircraft to a land base or platform afloat. 2. The retrieval of a mine from the location where emplaced. 3. In personnel recovery, actions taken to physically gain custody of isolated personnel and return them to the initial reception point. 4. Actions taken to extricate damaged or disabled equipment for return to friendly control or repair at another location. See also evader; evasion; recovery; recovery force. (JP 3-50) recovery activation signal — In personnel recovery, a precoordinated signal from an evader to a receiving or observing source that indicates, “I am here, start the recovery planning.” Also called RAS. See also evader; evasion; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) recovery and reconstitution — 1. Those actions taken by one nation prior to, during, and following an attack by an enemy nation to minimize the effects of the attack, rehabilitate the national economy, provide for the welfare of the populace, and maximize the combat potential of remaining forces and supporting activities. 2. Those actions taken by a military force during or after operational employment to restore its combat capability to full operational readiness. See also recovery. (JP 3-35) JP 1-02 285 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 recovery force — In personnel recovery, an organization consisting of personnel and equipment with a mission of locating, supporting, and recovering isolated personnel, and returning them to friendly control. See also evader; evasion; recovery operations. (JP 3-50) recovery mechanism — Designated indigenous or surrogate infrastructure that is specifically developed, trained, and directed by US forces to contact, authenticate, support, move, and exfiltrate designated isolated personnel from uncertain or hostile areas back to friendly control. Recovery mechanisms may operate with other US or multinational personnel recovery capabilities. Also called RM. (JP 3-50) recovery operations — Operations conducted to search for, locate, identify, recover, and return isolated personnel, human remains, sensitive equipment, or items critical to national security. (JP 3-50) recovery procedures — See explosive ordnance disposal procedures. recovery site — In personnel recovery, an area from which isolated personnel can be recovered. See also escapee; evader; evasion; evasion and escape. (JP 3-50) recovery team — In personnel recovery, designated US or US-directed forces, who are specifically trained to operate in conjunction with indigenous or surrogate forces, and are tasked to contact, authenticate, support, move, and exfiltrate isolated personnel. Also called RT. (JP 3-50) recovery vehicle — In personnel recovery, the vehicle on which isolated personnel are boarded and transported from the recovery site. (JP 3-50) recovery zone — A designated geographic area from which special operations forces can be extracted by air, boat, or other means. Also called RZ. (JP 3-05.1) redeployment — The transfer of forces and materiel to support another joint force commander’s operational requirements, or to return personnel, equipment, and materiel to the home and/or demobilization stations for reintegration and/or out-processing. See also deployment. (JP 3-35) redistribution — The utilization of logistic resources after Transfer of Authority necessary for the fulfillment of the commander’s combat missions. The logistic resources are designated in peacetime and will become assigned to the NATO commander in crisis and conflict. (JP 4-08) red team — An organizational element comprised of trained and educated members that provide an independent capability to fully explore alternatives in plans and operations in the context of the operational environment and from the perspective of adversaries and others. (JP 2-0) 286 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 reduced charge — 1. The smaller of the two propelling charges available for naval guns. 2. Charge employing a reduced amount of propellant to fire a gun at short ranges as compared to a normal charge. reduced operating status — Applies to the Military Sealift Command ships withdrawn from full operating status because of decreased operational requirements. A ship in reduced operating status is crewed for a level of ship maintenance and possible future operational requirements, with crew size predetermined contractually. The condition of readiness in terms of calendar days required to attain full operating status is designated by the numeral following the acronym ROS (e.g., ROS-5). Also called ROS. See also Military Sealift Command. (JP 4-01.6) reduction — The creation of lanes through a minefield or obstacle to allow passage of the attacking ground force. (JP 3-15) refraction — The process by which the direction of a wave is changed when moving into shallow water at an angle to the bathymetric contours. The crest of the wave advancing in shallower water moves more slowly than the crest still advancing in deeper water, causing the wave crest to bend toward alignment with the underwater contours. (JP 4-01.6) refugee — A person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his or her nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself or herself of the protection of that country. See also dislocated civilian; displaced person; evacuee; expellee; stateless person. (JP 3-29) regimental landing team — A task organization for landing composed of an infantry regiment reinforced by those elements that are required for initiation of its combat function ashore. (JP 3-02) regional air defense commander — Commander subordinate to the area air defense commander and responsible for air and missile defenses in the assigned region. Exercises authorities as delegated by the area air defense commander. Also called RADC. (JP 3-01) regional liaison group — A combined Department of State-Department of Defense element collocated with a combatant command for the purpose of coordinating post emergency evacuation plans. Also called RLG. (JP 3-68) regional response coordination center — A standing facility that is activated to coordinate regional response efforts, until a joint field office is established and/or the principal federal official, federal or coordinating officer can assume their National Response Plan coordination responsibilities. Also called RRCC. (JP 3-28) JP 1-02 287 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 regional satellite communications support center — United States Strategic Command operational element responsible for providing the operational communications planners with a single all-spectrum (extremely high frequency, super-high frequency, ultrahigh frequency, Ku, and Ka) point of contact for accessing and managing satellite communications (SATCOM) resources. Specific tasks include: supporting combatant commanders’ deliberate and crisis planning, assisting combatant commanders in dayto-day management of apportioned resources and allocating non-apportioned resources, assisting theater spectrum managers, and facilitating SATCOM interface to the defense information infrastructure. Also called RSSC. regional security officer — A security officer responsible to the chief of mission (ambassador), for security functions of all US embassies and consulates in a given country or group of adjacent countries. Also called RSO. (JP 3-10) regulating point — An anchorage, port, or ocean area to which assault and assault followon echelons and follow-up shipping proceed on a schedule, and at which they are normally controlled by the commander, amphibious task force, until needed in the transport area for unloading. See also assault; commander, amphibious task force. (JP 3-02) regulating station — A command agency established to control all movements of personnel and supplies into or out of a given area. rehabilitative care — Therapy that provides evaluations and treatment programs using exercises, massage, or electrical therapeutic treatment to restore, reinforce, or enhance motor performance and restores patients to functional health allowing for their return to duty or discharge from the Service. Also called restorative care. See also patient; patient movement policy; theater. (JP 4-02) rehearsal phase — In amphibious operations, the period during which the prospective operation is practiced for the purpose of: (1) testing adequacy of plans, the timing of detailed operations, and the combat readiness of participating forces; (2) ensuring that all echelons are familiar with plans; and (3) testing communications-information systems. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) reinforcing obstacles — Those obstacles specifically constructed, emplaced, or detonated through military effort and designed to strengthen existing terrain to disrupt, fix, turn, or block enemy movement. See also obstacle. (JP 3-15) reintegrate — In personnel recovery, the task of conducting appropriate debriefings and reintegrating recovered isolated personnel back to duty and their family. (JP 3-50) release altitude — Altitude of an aircraft above the ground at the time of release of bombs, rockets, missiles, tow targets, etc. 288 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 relief in place — (*) An operation in which, by direction of higher authority, all or part of a unit is replaced in an area by the incoming unit. The responsibilities of the replaced elements for the mission and the assigned zone of operations are transferred to the incoming unit. The incoming unit continues the operation as ordered. religious advisement — The practice of informing the commander on the impact of religion on joint operations to include, but not limited to: worship, rituals, customs and practices of US military personnel, international forces, and the indigenous population. (JP 1-05) religious affairs — The combination of religious support and religious advisement. (JP 1-05) religious support — Chaplain facilitated free exercise of religion through worship, religious and pastoral counseling services, ceremonial honors for the dead, crisis intervention, and advice to the commander on matters pertaining to morals, ethics, and morale as affected by religion. Also called RS. See also combatant command chaplain; command chaplain; religious support plan; religious support team. (JP 1-05) religious support plan — A plan that describes how religious support will be provided to all members of a joint force. When approved by the commander, it may be included as an annex to an operation plan. Also called RSP. See also combatant command chaplain; command chaplain; religious support; religious support team. (JP 1-05) religious support team — A team that is composed of at least one chaplain and one enlisted support person. Religious support teams assigned at Joint Staff and combatant command level may be from different Services; those assigned at joint task force and below are normally from the same Service. The team works together in designing, implementing, and executing the command religious program. Also called RST. See also combatant command chaplain; command chaplain; religious support; religious support plan. (JP 1-05) remain-behind equipment — Unit equipment left by deploying forces at their bases when they deploy. (JP 4-05) render safe procedures — See explosive ordnance disposal procedures. rendezvous area — In an amphibious operation, the area in which the landing craft and amphibious vehicles rendezvous to form waves after being loaded, and prior to movement to the line of departure. (JP 3-02) reorder point — 1. That point at which time a stock replenishment requisition would be submitted to maintain the predetermined or calculated stockage objective. 2. The sum of the safety level of supply plus the level for order and shipping time equals the reorder point. JP 1-02 289 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 repair — The restoration of an item to serviceable condition through correction of a specific failure or unserviceable condition. repairable item — An item that can be reconditioned or economically repaired for reuse when it becomes unserviceable. (JP 4-09) repair cycle — The stages through which a repairable item passes from the time of its removal or replacement until it is reinstalled or placed in stock in a serviceable condition. (JP 4-09) repatriate — A person who returns to his or her country or citizenship, having left said native country either against his or her will, or as one of a group who left for reason of politics, religion, or other pertinent reasons. repatriation — 1. The procedure whereby American citizens and their families are officially processed back into the United States subsequent to an evacuation. See also evacuation. (JP 3-68) 2. The release and return of enemy prisoners of war to their own country in accordance with the 1949 Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. (JP 1-0) replenishment at sea — (*) Those operations required to make a transfer of personnel and/or supplies when at sea. reportable incident — Any suspected or alleged violation of Department of Defense policy or of other related orders, policies, procedures or applicable law, for which there is credible information. (JP 3-63) request for assistance — A request based on mission requirements and expressed in terms of desired outcome, formally asking the Department of Defense to provide assistance to a local, state, tribal, or other federal agency. Also called RFA. (JP 3-28) request for information — 1. Any specific time-sensitive ad hoc requirement for intelligence information or products to support an ongoing crisis or operation not necessarily related to standing requirements or scheduled intelligence production. A request for information can be initiated to respond to operational requirements and will be validated in accordance with the combatant command’s procedures. 2. The National Security Agency/Central Security Service uses this term to state ad hoc signals intelligence requirements. Also called RFI. See also information; intelligence. (JP 2-0) required delivery date — The date that a force must arrive at the destination and complete unloading. Also called RDD. (JP 5-0) requirements management system — A system for the management of theater and national imagery collection requirements that provides automated tools for users in support of submission, review, and validation of imagery nominations as requirements 290 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 to be tasked on national or Department of Defense imagery collection, production, and exploitation resources. Also called RMS. See also imagery. (JP 2-01) requiring activity — A military or other designated supported organization that identifies and receives contracted support during military operations. See also supported unit. (JP 4-10) requisitioning objective — The maximum quantities of materiel to be maintained on hand and on order to sustain current operations. It will consist of the sum of stocks represented by the operating level, safety level, and the order and shipping time or procurement lead time, as appropriate. rescue combat air patrol — An aircraft patrol provided over that portion of an objective area in which recovery operations are being conducted for the purpose of intercepting and destroying hostile aircraft. Also called RESCAP. See also combat air patrol. (JP 3-50) reserve — 1. Portion of a body of troops that is kept to the rear, or withheld from action at the beginning of an engagement, in order to be available for a decisive movement. 2. Members of the Military Services who are not in active service but who are subject to call to active duty. 3. Portion of an appropriation or contract authorization held or set aside for future operations or contingencies and, in respect to which, administrative authorization to incur commitments or obligations has been withheld. See also operational reserve. Reserve Component — The Armed Forces of the United States Reserve Component consists of: a. the Army National Guard of the United States; b. the Army Reserve; c. the Navy Reserve; d. the Marine Corps Reserve; e. the Air National Guard of the United States; f. the Air Force Reserve; and g. the Coast Guard Reserve. Also called RC. See also component; reserve. (JP 4-05) Reserve Component category — The category that identifies an individual’s status in the Reserve Component. The three Reserve Component categories are Ready Reserve, Standby Reserve, and Retired Reserve. Each reservist is identified by a specific Reserve Component category designation. (JP 4-05) reserved obstacles — Those demolition obstacles that are deemed critical to the plan for which the authority to detonate is reserved by the designating commander. See also obstacle. (JP 3-15) resettled person — A refugee or an internally displaced person wishing to return somewhere other than his or her previous home or land within the country or area of original displacement. (JP 3-29) residual capabilities assessment — Provides an automated or manual crisis action capability to assess the effects of weapons of mass destruction events for operations JP 1-02 291 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 planning. Residual capabilities assessment tasks include, but are not limited to, assessment of infrastructure and facility damage, fallout prediction, weapons effect analysis, population impact assessment, and tracking strategic assets. residual contamination — (*) Contamination which remains after steps have been taken to remove it. These steps may consist of nothing more than allowing the contamination to decay normally. residual forces — Unexpended portions of the remaining United States forces that have an immediate combat potential for continued military operations, and that have been deliberately withheld from utilization. residual radiation — Nuclear radiation caused by fallout, artificial dispersion of radioactive material, or irradiation which results from a nuclear explosion and persists longer than one minute after burst. See also contamination; induced radiation; initial radiation. (JP 3-11) resistance movement — An organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to resist the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability. (JP 3-05) resource management — A financial management function which includes providing advice and guidance to the commander, developing command resource requirements, identifying sources of funding, determining cost, acquiring funds, distributing and controlling funds, tracking costs and obligations, cost capturing and reimbursement procedures, providing accounting support, and establishing a management internal control process. Also called RM. See also financial management. (JP 1-06) resources — The forces, materiel, and other assets or capabilities apportioned or allocated to the commander of a unified or specified command. response force — A mobile force with appropriate fire support designated, usually by the area commander, to deal with Level II threats in the operational area. Also called RF. (JP 3-10) responsibility — 1. The obligation to carry forward an assigned task to a successful conclusion. With responsibility goes authority to direct and take the necessary action to ensure success. 2. The obligation for the proper custody, care, and safekeeping of property or funds entrusted to the possession or supervision of an individual. See also accountability. rest and recuperation — The withdrawal of individuals from combat or duty in a combat area for short periods of rest and recuperation. Also called R&R. (JP 1-0) 292 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 restraint — In the context of joint operation planning, a requirement placed on the command by a higher command that prohibits an action, thus restricting freedom of action. See also constraint; operational limitation. (JP 5-0) restricted area — 1. An area (land, sea, or air) in which there are special restrictive measures employed to prevent or minimize interference between friendly forces. 2. An area under military jurisdiction in which special security measures are employed to prevent unauthorized entry. See also controlled firing area; restricted areas (air). restricted areas (air) — Designated areas established by appropriate authority over which flight of aircraft is restricted. They are shown on aeronautical charts, published in notices to airmen, and provided in publications of aids to air navigation. See also restricted area. (JP 3-52) restricted items list — A document listing those logistic goods and services for which nations must coordinate any contracting activity with a commander’s centralized contracting organization. (JP 4-08) restricted operations area — Airspace of defined dimensions, designated by the airspace control authority, in response to specific operational situations/requirements within which the operation of one or more airspace users is restricted. Also called ROA. (JP 3-52) restricted reporting — Reporting option that allows sexual assault victims to confidentially disclose the assault to specified individual and receive medical treatment without triggering an official investigation. (JP 1-0) restricted target list — A list of restricted targets nominated by elements of the joint force and approved by the joint force commander. This list also includes restricted targets directed by higher authorities. Also called RTL. See also restricted target; target. (JP 3-60) restricted target — A valid target that has specific restrictions placed on the actions authorized against it due to operational considerations. See also target. (JP 3-60) restrictive fire area — An area in which specific restrictions are imposed and into which fires that exceed those restrictions will not be delivered without coordination with the establishing headquarters. Also called RFA. See also fires. (JP 3-09) restrictive fire line — A line established between converging friendly surface forces that prohibits fires or their effects across that line. Also called RFL. See also fires. (JP 3-09) resupply — The act of replenishing stocks in order to maintain required levels of supply. (JP 4-09) JP 1-02 293 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 resuscitative care — Advanced emergency medical treatment required to prevent immediate loss of life or limb and to attain stabilization to ensure the patient could tolerate evacuation. (JP 4-02) retained personnel — Enemy medical personnel and medical staff administrators who are engaged in either the search for, collection, transport, or treatment of the wounded or sick, or the prevention of disease; chaplains attached to enemy armed forces; and, staff of National Red Cross Societies and that of other volunteer aid societies, duly recognized and authorized by their governments to assist medical service personnel of their own armed forces, provided they are exclusively engaged in the search for, or the collection, transport or treatment of wounded or sick, or in the prevention of disease, and provided that the staff of such societies are subject to military laws and regulations. Also called RP. See also personnel. (JP 3-63) Retired Reserve — All Reserve members who receive retirement pay on the basis of their active duty and/or Reserve service; those members who are otherwise eligible for retirement pay but have not reached age 60 and who have not elected discharge and are not voluntary members of the Ready or Standby Reserve. See also active duty; Ready Reserve; Standby Reserve. (JP 4-05) retrograde — The process for the movement of non-unit equipment and materiel from a forward location to a reset (replenishment, repair, or recapitalization) program or to another directed area of operations to replenish unit stocks, or to satisfy stock requirements. (JP 4-09) returned to military control — The status of a person whose casualty status of “duty status - whereabouts unknown” or “missing” has been changed due to the person’s return or recovery by US military authority. Also called RMC. See also casualty status; duty status - whereabouts unknown. returnee — A displaced person who has returned voluntarily to his or her former place of residence. (JP 3-29) return to base — An order to proceed to the point indicated by the displayed information or by verbal communication. This point is being used to return the aircraft to a place at which the aircraft can land. Command heading, speed, and altitude may be used, if desired. Also called RTB. revolving fund — A fund established to finance a cycle of operations to which reimbursements and collections are returned for reuse in a manner such as will maintain the principal of the fund, e.g., working capital funds, industrial funds, and loan funds. (JP 1-06) riot control agent — Any chemical, not listed in a schedule of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction which can produce rapidly in humans sensory 294 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure. Also called RCA. See also chemical warfare. (JP 3-11) rising mine — In naval mine warfare, a mine having positive buoyancy which is released from a sinker by a ship influence or by a timing device. (JP 3-15) risk — Probability and severity of loss linked to hazards. management. (JP 5-0) See also hazard; risk risk assessment — The identification and assessment of hazards (first two steps of risk management process). Also called RA. (JP 3-07.2) risk management — The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks arising from operational factors and making decisions that balance risk cost with mission benefits. Also called RM. See also risk. (JP 3-0) riverine area — An inland or coastal area comprising both land and water, characterized by limited land lines of communication, with extensive water surface and/or inland waterways that provide natural routes for surface transportation and communications. riverine operations — Operations conducted by forces organized to cope with and exploit the unique characteristics of a riverine area, to locate and destroy hostile forces, and/or to achieve or maintain control of the riverine area. Joint riverine operations combine land, naval, and air operations, as appropriate, and are suited to the nature of the specific riverine area in which operations are to be conducted. road net — The system of roads available within a particular locality or area. role specialist nation — A nation that has agreed to assume responsibility for providing a particular class of supply or service for all or part of the multinational force. Also called RSN. See also lead nation; multinational force. (JP 4-08) roll-on/roll-off discharge facility — Provides a means of disembarking vehicles from a roll-on and roll-off ship to lighterage. The roll-on/roll-off discharge facility consists of six causeway sections, nonpowered assembled into a platform that is two sections long and three sections wide. When use of landing craft, utility, as lighters, is being considered, a seventh “sea end” causeway section, non-powered, fitted with a rhino horn, is required. The roll-on/roll-off discharge facility assembly includes fendering, lighting, and a ramp for vehicle movement from ship to the platform. Also called RRDF. See also facility; lighterage. (JP 4-01.6) rough terrain container handler — A piece of materials handling equipment used to pick up and move containers. Also called RTCH. See also materials handling equipment. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 295 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 route classification — Classification assigned to a route using factors of minimum width, worst route type, least bridge, raft, or culvert military load classification, and obstructions to traffic flow. (JP 3-34) rules for the use of force — Directives issued to guide United States forces on the use of force during various operations. These directives may take the form of execute orders, deployment orders, memoranda of agreement, or plans. Also called RUF. (JP 3-28) rules of engagement — Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. Also called ROE. See also law of war. (JP 1-04) ruse — In military deception, a trick of war designed to deceive the adversary, usually involving the deliberate exposure of false information to the adversary’s intelligence collection system. (JP 3-13.4) 296 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 S sabotage — An act or acts with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the national defense of a country by willfully injuring or destroying, or attempting to injure or destroy, any national defense or war materiel, premises, or utilities, to include human and natural resources. (JP 2-01.2) safe anchorage — (*) An anchorage considered safe from enemy attack to which merchant ships may be ordered to proceed when the shipping movement policy is implemented. safe area — A designated area in hostile territory that offers the evader or escapee a reasonable chance of avoiding capture and of surviving until he or she can be evacuated. (JP 3-50) safe haven — 1. Designated area(s) to which noncombatants of the United States Government’s responsibility and commercial vehicles and materiel may be evacuated during a domestic or other valid emergency. (JP 3-68) 2. Temporary storage provided to Department of Energy classified shipment transporters at Department of Defense facilities in order to assure safety and security of nuclear material and/or nonnuclear classified material. Also includes parking for commercial vehicles containing Class A or Class B explosives. (JP 4-01.6) 3. A protected body of water or the well deck of an amphibious ship used by small craft operating offshore for refuge from storms or heavy seas. (JP 4-01.6) safe house — An innocent-appearing house or premises established by an organization for the purpose of conducting clandestine or covert activity in relative security. (JP 3-07.2) safing — As applied to weapons and ammunition, the changing from a state of readiness for initiation to a safe condition. Also called de-arming. salvage — 1. Property that has some value in excess of its basic material content but is in such condition that it has no reasonable prospect of use for any purpose as a unit and its repair or rehabilitation for use as a unit is clearly impractical. 2. The saving or rescuing of condemned, discarded, or abandoned property, and of materials contained therein for reuse, refabrication, or scrapping. salvage operation — 1. The recovery, evacuation, and reclamation of damaged, discarded, condemned, or abandoned allied or enemy materiel, ships, craft, and floating equipment for reuse, repair, refabrication, or scrapping. 2. Naval salvage operations include harbor and channel clearance, diving, hazardous towing and rescue tug services, and the recovery of materiel, ships, craft, and floating equipment sunk offshore or elsewhere stranded. salvo — 1. In naval gunfire support, a method of fire in which a number of weapons are fired at the same target simultaneously. 2. In close air support or air interdiction JP 1-02 297 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operations, a method of delivery in which the release mechanisms are operated to release or fire all ordnance of a specific type simultaneously. sanction enforcement — Operations that employ coercive measures to control the movement of certain types of designated items into or out of a nation or specified area. (JP 3-0) satellite and missile surveillance — The systematic observation of aerospace for the purpose of detecting, tracking, and characterizing objects, events, and phenomena associated with satellites and inflight missiles, friendly and enemy. See also surveillance. scan — 1. The path periodically followed by a radiation beam. 2. In electronic intelligence, the motion of an electronic beam through space looking for a target. Scanning is produced by the motion of the antenna or by lobe switching. See also electronic intelligence. scan period — The period taken by a radar, sonar, etc., to complete a scan pattern and return to a starting point. scan type — The path made in space by a point on the radar beam; for example, circular, helical, conical, spiral, or sector. scheduled target — Planned target upon which fires or other actions are scheduled for prosecution at a specified time. See also planned target; target. (JP 3-60) scheduled wave — See wave. schedule of fire — Groups of fires or series of fires fired in a definite sequence according to a definite program. The time of starting the schedule may be on call. For identification purposes, schedules may be referred to by a code name or other designation. (JP 3-09) schedule of targets — In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, individual targets, groups, or series of targets to be fired on, in a definite sequence according to a definite program. scheme of maneuver — The central expression of the commander’s concept for operations that governs the design of supporting plans or annexes of how arrayed forces will accomplish the mission. (JP 5-0) scientific and technical intelligence — The product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of foreign scientific and technical information that covers: a. foreign developments in basic and applied research and in applied engineering techniques; and b. scientific and technical characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of all foreign military systems, weapons, weapon systems, and materiel; the research and development related thereto; and the production methods employed for 298 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 their manufacture. Also called S&TI. See also intelligence; technical intelligence. (JP 2-01) screening — In intelligence, the evaluation of an individual or a group of individuals to determine their potential to answer collection requirements or to identify individuals who match a predetermined source profile coupled with the process of identifying and assessing the areas of knowledge, cooperation, and possible approach techniques for an individual who has information of intelligence value. (JP 2-01.2) S-Day — See times. sea areas — Areas in the amphibious objective area designated for the stationing of amphibious task force ships. Sea areas include inner transport area, sea echelon area, fire support area, etc. See also amphibious objective area; fire support area; inner transport area; sea echelon area. (JP 3-02) sea barge — A type of barge-ship that can carry up to 38 loaded barges. It may also carry tugs, stacked causeway sections, various watercraft, or heavy lift equipment to better support joint logistics over-the-shore operations. seabasing — The deployment, assembly, command projection, reconstitution, and reemployment of joint power from the sea without reliance on land bases within the operational area. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) sea control operations — The employment of naval forces, supported by land and air forces as appropriate, in order to achieve military objectives in vital sea areas. Such operations include destruction of enemy naval forces, suppression of enemy sea commerce, protection of vital sea lanes, and establishment of local military superiority in areas of naval operations. See also land control operations. (JP 3-32) sea echelon — A portion of the assault shipping which withdraws from or remains out of the transport area during an amphibious landing and operates in designated areas to seaward in an on-call or unscheduled status. (JP 3-02) sea echelon area — In amphibious operations, an area to seaward of a transport area from which assault shipping is phased into the transport area, and to which assault shipping withdraws from the transport area. (JP 3-02) sea echelon plan — In amphibious operations, the distribution plan for amphibious shipping in the transport area to minimize losses due to enemy attack by weapons of mass destruction and to reduce the area to be swept of mines. See also amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) SEAL delivery vehicle team — United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with SEAL delivery vehicles, dry deck shelters, and other submersible platforms. (JP 3-05) JP 1-02 299 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 sealift enhancement features — Special equipment and modifications that adapt merchanttype dry cargo ships and tankers to specific military missions. They are typically installed on Ready Reserve Force ships or ships under Military Sealift Command control. Sealift enhancements fall into three categories: productivity, survivability, and operational enhancements. Also called SEFs. See also Military Sealift Command; Ready Reserve. (JP 4-01.2) Sealift Readiness Program — A standby contractual agreement between Military Sealift Command and US ship operators for voluntary provision of private ships for defense use. Call-up of ships may be authorized by joint approval of the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Transportation. Also called SRP. See also Military Sealift Command. (JP 4-01.2) SEAL team — United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with an emphasis on maritime, coastal, and riverine environments. (JP 3-05) seaport — A land facility designated for reception of personnel or materiel moved by sea, and that serves as an authorized port of entrance into or departure from the country in which located. See also port of debarkation; port of embarkation. (JP 4-01.2) search — 1. An operation to locate an enemy force known or believed to be at sea. 2. A systematic reconnaissance of a defined area, so that all parts of the area have passed within visibility. (JP 4-06) 3. To distribute gunfire over an area in depth by successive changes in gun elevation. search and rescue — The use of aircraft, surface craft, submarines, and specialized rescue teams and equipment to search for and rescue distressed persons on land or at sea in a permissive environment. Also called SAR. See also combat search and rescue; isolated personnel; joint personnel recovery center; personnel recovery coordination cell. (JP 3-50) search and rescue alert notice — An alerting message used for United States domestic flights. It corresponds to the declaration of the alert phase. Also called ALNOT. See also search and rescue incident classification, subpart b. search and rescue incident classification — Three emergency phases into which an incident may be classified or progress, according to the seriousness of the incident and its requirement for rescue service. a. uncertainty phase — Doubt exists as to the safety of a craft or person because of knowledge of possible difficulties or because of lack of information concerning progress or position. b. alert phase — Apprehension exists for the safety of a craft or person because of definite information that serious difficulties exist that do not amount to a distress or because of a continued lack of information concerning progress or position. c. distress phase — Immediate assistance is required by a craft or person because of being threatened by grave or 300 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 imminent danger or because of continued lack of information concerning progress or position after procedures for the alert phase have been executed. search and rescue region — See inland search and rescue region; maritime search and rescue region. search mission — (*) In air operations, an air reconnaissance by one or more aircraft dispatched to locate an object or objects known or suspected to be in a specific area. search radius — In search and rescue operations, a radius centered on a datum point having a length equal to the total probable error plus an additional safety length to ensure a greater than 50 percent probability that the target is in the search area. SEASHED — A temporary deck in container ships for transport of large military vehicles and outsized breakbulk cargo that will not fit into containers. See also outsized cargo. (JP 4-01.6) sea state — A scale that categorizes the force of progressively higher seas by wave height. This scale is mathematically co-related to the Pierson-Moskowitz scale and the relationship of wind to waves. See also Pierson-Moskowitz scale. (JP 4-01.6) sea surveillance — (*) The systematic observation of surface and subsurface sea areas by all available and practicable means primarily for the purpose of locating, identifying and determining the movements of ships, submarines, and other vehicles, friendly and enemy, proceeding on or under the surface of the world’s seas and oceans. See also surveillance. seaward launch point — A designated point off the coast from which special operations forces will launch to proceed to the beach to conduct operations. Also called SLP. See also seaward recovery point. (JP 3-05.1) seaward recovery point — A designated point off the coast to which special operations forces will proceed for recovery by submarine or other means of recovery. Also called SRP. See also seaward launch point. (JP 3-05.1) secondary imagery dissemination — See electronic imagery dissemination. secondary loads — Unit equipment, supplies, and major end items that are transported in the beds of organic vehicles. secondary road — A road supplementing a main road, usually wide enough and suitable for two-way, all-weather traffic at moderate or slow speeds. secondary wave breaker system — A series of waves superimposed on another series and differing in height, period, or angle of approach to the beach. (JP 4-01.6) JP 1-02 301 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 secret — See security classification. Secretary of a Military Department — The Secretary of the Air Force, Army, or Navy. SECRET Internet Protocol Router Network — The worldwide SECRET-level packet switch network that uses high-speed internet protocol routers and high-capacity Defense Information Systems Network circuitry. Also called SIPRNET. See also Defense Information Systems Network. (JP 6-0) section — 1. As applied to ships or naval aircraft, a tactical subdivision of a division. It is normally one-half of a division in the case of ships, and two aircraft in the case of aircraft. 2. A subdivision of an office, installation, territory, works, or organization; especially a major subdivision of a staff. 3. A tactical unit of the Army and Marine Corps. A section is smaller than a platoon and larger than a squad. In some organizations the section, rather than the squad, is the basic tactical unit. 4. An area in a warehouse extending from one wall to the next; usually the largest subdivision of one floor. sector air defense commander — Commander subordinate to an area/regional air defense commander and responsible for air and missile defenses in the assigned sector. Exercises authorities delegated by the area/regional air defense commander. Also called SADC. (JP 3-01) security — 1. Measures taken by a military unit, activity, or installation to protect itself against all acts designed to, or which may, impair its effectiveness. (JP 3-10) 2. A condition that results from the establishment and maintenance of protective measures that ensure a state of inviolability from hostile acts or influences. (JP 3-10) 3. With respect to classified matter, the condition that prevents unauthorized persons from having access to official information that is safeguarded in the interests of national security. See also national security. (JP 2-0) security assistance — Group of programs authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Arms Export Control Act of 1976, as amended, or other related statutes by which the United States provides defense articles, military training, and other defense-related services by grant, loan, credit, or cash sales in furtherance of national policies and objectives. Security assistance is an element of security cooperation funded and authorized by Department of State to be administered by Department of Defense/Defense Security Cooperation Agency. Also called SA. See also security cooperation. (JP 3-22) security classification — A category to which national security information and material is assigned to denote the degree of damage that unauthorized disclosure would cause to national defense or foreign relations of the United States and to denote the degree of protection required. There are three such categories. a. top secret — National security information or material that requires the highest degree of protection and the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally 302 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 grave damage to the national security. Examples of “exceptionally grave damage” include armed hostilities against the United States or its allies; disruption of foreign relations vitally affecting the national security; the compromise of vital national defense plans or complex cryptologic and communications intelligence systems; the revelation of sensitive intelligence operations; and the disclosure of scientific or technological developments vital to national security. b. secret — National security information or material that requires a substantial degree of protection and the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security. Examples of “serious damage” include disruption of foreign relations significantly affecting the national security; significant impairment of a program or policy directly related to the national security; revelation of significant military plans or intelligence operations; and compromise of significant scientific or technological developments relating to national security. c. confidential — National security information or material that requires protection and the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause damage to the national security. See also classification; security. security clearance — An administrative determination by competent authority that an individual is eligible for access to classified information. (JP 1-0) security cooperation — All Department of Defense interactions with foreign defense establishments to build defense relationships that promote specific US security interests, develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation. Also called SC. See also security assistance. (JP 3-22) security cooperation organization — All Department of Defense elements located in a foreign country with assigned responsibilities for carrying out security assistance/cooperation management functions. It includes military assistance advisory groups, military missions and groups, offices of defense and military cooperation, liaison groups, and defense attaché personnel designated to perform security assistance/cooperation functions. Also called SCO. (JP 3-22) security countermeasures — Those protective activities required to prevent espionage, sabotage, theft, or unauthorized use of classified or controlled information, systems, or material of the Department of Defense. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) security force assistance — The Department of Defense activities that contribute to unified action by the US Government to support the development of the capacity and capability of foreign security forces and their supporting institutions. Also called SFA. (JP 3-22) security forces — Duly constituted military, paramilitary, police, and constabulary forces of a state. (JP 3-22) JP 1-02 303 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 security review — The process of reviewing information and products prior to public release to ensure the material will not jeopardize ongoing or future operations. See also security. (JP 3-61) security sector reform — A comprehensive set of programs and activities undertaken to improve the way a host nation provides safety, security, and justice. Also called SSR. (JP 3-07) security service — Entity or component of a foreign government charged with responsibility for counterespionage or internal security functions. (JP 2-01.2) sedition — Willfully advocating or teaching the duty or necessity of overthrowing the US government or any political subdivision by force or violence. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) segregation — In detainee operations, the removal of a detainee from other detainees and their environment for legitimate purposes unrelated to interrogation, such as when necessary for the movement, health, safety, and/or security of the detainee, the detention facility, or its personnel. (JP 3-63) seize — To employ combat forces to occupy physically and to control a designated area. (JP 3-18) seizures — In counterdrug operations, includes drugs and conveyances seized by law enforcement authorities and drug-related assets (monetary instruments, etc.) confiscated based on evidence that they have been derived from or used in illegal narcotics activities. See also counterdrug operations; law enforcement agency. (JP 3-07.4) Selected Reserve — Those units and individuals within the Ready Reserve designated by their respective Services and approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff as so essential to initial wartime missions that they have priority over all other Reserves. Selected Reservists actively participate in a Reserve Component training program. The Selected Reserve also includes persons performing initial active duty for training. See also Ready Reserve. (JP 4-05) selective identification feature — A capability that, when added to the basic identification friend or foe system, provides the means to transmit, receive, and display selected coded replies. (JP 3-52) selective loading — The arrangement and stowage of equipment and supplies aboard ship in a manner designed to facilitate issues to units. (JP 3-02.1) selective mobilization — See mobilization, Part 2. selective off-loading — The capability to access and off-load vehicles, supplies, and equipment without having to conduct a major reconfiguration or total off-load; 304 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 influenced by the number and types of ships allocated, and the space made available for the embarkation of the landing force. (JP 3-02.1) selective unloading — In an amphibious operation, the controlled unloading from assault shipping, and movement ashore, of specific items of cargo at the request of the landing force commander. Normally, selective unloading parallels the landing of nonscheduled units during the initial unloading period of the ship-to-shore movement. (JP 3-02) semipermanent joint task force — A joint task force that has been assigned an expanded or follow-on mission and will continue to conduct these operations in a specified area for an undetermined period of time. See also joint task force; mission; operation. (JP 3-33) senior airfield authority — An individual designated by the joint force commander to be responsible for the control, operation, and maintenance of an airfield to include the runways, associated taxiways, parking ramps, land, and facilities whose proximity directly affects airfield operations. Also called SAA. (JP 3-17) senior contracting official — The lead Service or joint command designated contracting official who has direct managerial responsibility over theater support contracting. Also called SCO. (JP 4-10) senior meteorological and oceanographic officer — Meteorological and oceanographic officer responsible for assisting the combatant commander and staff in developing and executing operational meteorological and oceanographic service concepts in support of a designated joint force. Also called SMO. See also meteorological and oceanographic. (JP 3-59) sensitive — Requiring special protection from disclosure that could cause embarrassment, compromise, or threat to the security of the sponsoring power. May be applied to an agency, installation, person, position, document, material, or activity. sensitive compartmented information — All information and materials bearing special community controls indicating restricted handling within present and future community intelligence collection programs and their end products for which community systems of compartmentation have been or will be formally established. (These controls are over and above the provisions of DOD 5200.1-R, Information Security Program Regulation.) Also called SCI. sensitive compartmented information facility — An accredited area, room, group of rooms, or installation where sensitive compartmented information (SCI) may be stored, used, discussed, and/or electronically processed. Sensitive compartmented information facility (SCIF) procedural and physical measures prevent the free access of persons unless they have been formally indoctrinated for the particular SCI authorized for use or storage within the SCIF. Also called SCIF. See also sensitive compartmented information. (JP 2-01) JP 1-02 305 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 sensitive site — A geographically limited area that contains, but is not limited to, adversary information systems, war crimes sites, critical government facilities, and areas suspected of containing high value targets. (JP 3-31) sequel — The subsequent major operation or phase based on the possible outcomes (success, stalemate, or defeat) of the current major operation or phase. See also branch. (JP 5-0) serial — 1. An element or a group of elements within a series which is given a numerical or alphabetical designation for convenience in planning, scheduling, and control. 2. A serial can be a group of people, vehicles, equipment, or supplies and is used in airborne, air assault, amphibious operations, and convoys. (JP 3-02) serial assignment table — A table that is used in amphibious operations and shows the serial number, the title of the unit, the approximate number of personnel; the material, vehicles, or equipment in the serial; the number and type of landing craft and/or amphibious vehicles required to boat the serial; and the ship on which the serial is embarked. (JP 3-02) seriously ill or injured — The casualty status of a person whose illness or injury is classified by medical authority to be of such severity that there is cause for immediate concern, but there is not imminent danger to life. Also called SII. See also casualty status. (JP 4-02) seriously wounded — A casualty whose injuries or illness are of such severity that the patient is rendered unable to walk or sit, thereby requiring a litter for movement and evacuation. See also evacuation; litter; patient. (JP 4-02) service ammunition — Ammunition intended for combat rather than for training purposes. Service-common— Equipment, material, supplies, and services adopted by a Military Service for use by its own forces and activities. These include standard military items, base operating support, and the supplies and services provided by a Military Service to support and sustain its own forces, including those assigned to the combatant commands. Items and services defined as Service-common by one Military Service are not necessarily Service-common for all other Military Services. See also special operations-peculiar. (JP 3-05) Service component command — A command consisting of the Service component commander and all those Service forces, such as individuals, units, detachments, organizations, and installations under that command, including the support forces that have been assigned to a combatant command or further assigned to a subordinate unified command or joint task force. See also component; functional component command. (JP 1) 306 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 service group — A major naval administration and/or tactical organization, consisting of the commander and the staff, designed to exercise operational and administrative control of assigned squadrons and units in executing their tasks of providing logistic support of fleet operations. Service-organic transportation assets — Transportation assets that are: a. Assigned to a Military Department for functions of the Secretaries of the Military Departments set forth in Title 10 of the United States Code, Sections 3013(b), 5013(b), and 8013(b), including administrative functions (such as motor pools), intelligence functions, training functions, and maintenance functions; b. Assigned to the Department of the Army for the execution of the missions of the Army Corps of Engineers; c. Assigned to the Department of the Navy as the special mission support force of missile range instrumentation ships, ocean survey ships, cable ships, oceanographic research ships, acoustic research ships, and naval test support ships; the naval fleet auxiliary force of fleet ammunition ships, fleet stores ships, fleet ocean tugs, and fleet oilers; hospital ships; and Navy-unique fleet essential airlift aircraft to provide delivery of passengers and/or cargo from forward Air Mobility Command channel hubs to mobile fleet units; Marine Corps intermediate maintenance activity ships, Marine Corps helicopter support to senior federal officials; and, prior to the complete discharge of cargo, maritime prepositioning ships; d. Assigned to the Department of the Air Force for search and rescue, weather reconnaissance, audiovisual services, and aeromedical evacuation functions, and transportation of senior federal officials. (JP 4-01) service squadron — An administrative and/or tactical subdivision of a naval service force or service group, consisting of the commander and the staff and organized to exercise operational and administrative control of assigned units in providing logistic support of fleet units as directed. service troops — Those units designed to render supply, maintenance, transportation, evacuation, hospitalization, and other services required by air and ground combat units to carry out effectively their mission in combat. See also combat service support elements. Service-unique container — Any 20- or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container procured or leased by a Service to meet Service-unique requirements. Also called component-owned container. See also common-use container; component-owned container. (JP 4-09) servicing — See common servicing; cross-servicing; joint servicing. See also interService support. sexual assault forensic examination kit — The medical and forensic examination kit used to ensure controlled procedures and safekeeping of any bodily specimens in a sexual assault case. Also called SAFE kit. (JP 1-0) JP 1-02 307 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 sexual assault prevention and response program — A Department of Defense program for the Military Departments and Department of Defense components that establishes sexual assault prevention and response policies to be implemented worldwide. Also called SAPR program. (JP 1-0) sexual assault response coordinator — The single point of contact at an installation or within a geographic area who overseas sexual assault awareness, prevention, and response. Also called SARC. (JP 1-0) shadowing — To observe and maintain contact (not necessarily continuously) with a unit or force. shelter — An International Organization for Standardization container outfitted with live- or work-in capability. See also International Organization for Standardization. (JP 4-09) shielding — (*) 1. Material of suitable thickness and physical characteristics used to protect personnel from radiation during the manufacture, handling, and transportation of fissionable and radioactive materials. 2. Obstructions which tend to protect personnel or materials from the effects of a nuclear explosion. shifting fire — Fire delivered at constant range at varying deflections; used to cover the width of a target that is too great to be covered by an open sheaf. shipping control — See naval control of shipping. ship-to-shore movement — That portion of the action phase of an amphibious operation which includes the deployment of the landing force from the assault shipping to designated landing areas. (JP 3-02) shoal — A sandbank or bar that makes water shoal; i.e., a sand-bank that is not rocky and on which there is a water depth of 6 fathoms or less. (JP 4-01.6) shore fire control party — A specially trained unit for control of naval gunfire in support of troops ashore. It consists of a spotting team to adjust fire and a naval gunfire liaison team to perform liaison functions for the supported battalion commander. Also called SFCP. shore party — A task organization of the landing force, formed for the purpose of facilitating the landing and movement off the beaches of troops, equipment, and supplies; for the evacuation from the beaches of casualties and enemy prisoners of war; and for facilitating the beaching, retraction, and salvaging of landing ships and craft. It comprises elements of both the naval and landing forces. Also called beach group. See also beachmaster unit; beach party; naval beach group. (JP 3-02) shortfall — The lack of forces, equipment, personnel, materiel, or capability, reflected as the difference between the resources identified as a plan requirement and those 308 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 apportioned to a combatant commander for planning, that would adversely affect the command’s ability to accomplish its mission. (JP 5-0) short-range air defense engagement zone — In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with short-range air defense weapons. It may be established within a low- or highaltitude missile engagement zone. Also called SHORADEZ. (JP 3-52) short supply — An item is in short supply when the total of stock on hand and anticipated receipts during a given period are less than the total estimated demand during that period. short takeoff and landing — (*) The ability of an aircraft to clear a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle within 1,500 feet (450 meters) of commencing takeoff or in landing, to stop within 1,500 feet (450 meters) after passing over a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle. Also called STOL. short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft — (*) Fixed-wing aircraft capable of clearing a 15-meter (50-foot) obstacle within 450 meters (1,500 feet) of commencing takeoff run, and capable of landing vertically. Also called STOVL. See also short takeoff and landing. short title — (*) A short, identifying combination of letters, and/or numbers assigned to a document or device for purposes of brevity and/or security. show of force — An operation designed to demonstrate US resolve that involves increased visibility of US deployed forces in an attempt to defuse a specific situation that, if allowed to continue, may be detrimental to US interests or national objectives. (JP 3-0) side-looking airborne radar — (*) An airborne radar, viewing at right angles to the axis of the vehicle, which produces a presentation of terrain or moving targets. Also called SLAR. sighting — Actual visual contact. Does not include other contacts, which must be reported by type, e.g., radar and sonar contacts. See also contact report. SIGINT direct service — A reporting procedure to provide signals intelligence (SIGINT) to a military commander or other authorized recipient in response to SIGINT requirements. The product may vary from recurring, serialized reports produced by the National Security Agency/Central Security Service to instantaneous aperiodic reports provided to the command or other recipient, usually from a fixed SIGINT activity engaged in collection and processing. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT direct service activity — A signals intelligence (SIGINT) activity composed of collection and associated resources that normally performs in a direct service role under JP 1-02 309 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 the SIGINT operational control of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT direct support — The provision of signals intelligence (SIGINT) information to a military commander by a SIGINT direct support unit in response to SIGINT operational tasking levied by that commander. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT direct support unit — A signals intelligence (SIGINT) unit, usually mobile, designed to perform a SIGINT direct support role for a military commander under delegated authority from the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT operational control — The authoritative direction of signals intelligence (SIGINT) activities, including tasking and allocation of effort, and the authoritative prescription of those uniform techniques and standards by which SIGINT information is collected, processed, and reported. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT operational tasking — The authoritative operational direction of and direct levying of signals intelligence (SIGINT) information needs by a military commander on designated SIGINT resources. These requirements are directive, irrespective of other priorities, and are conditioned only by the capability of those resources to produce such information. Operational tasking includes authority to deploy all or part of the SIGINT resources for which SIGINT operational tasking authority has been delegated. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT operational tasking authority — A military commander’s authority to operationally direct and levy signals intelligence (SIGINT) requirements on designated SIGINT resources; includes authority to deploy and redeploy all or part of the SIGINT resources for which SIGINT operational tasking authority has been delegated. Also called SOTA. See also signals intelligence. SIGINT resources — Personnel and equipment of any unit, activity, or organizational element engaged in signals intelligence activities. See also signals intelligence. signal operating instructions — A series of orders issued for technical control and coordination of the signal communication activities of a command. In Marine Corps usage, these instructions are designated communication operation instructions. (JP 6-0) signal security — A generic term that includes both communications security and electronics security. See also security. signals intelligence — 1. A category of intelligence comprising either individually or in combination all communications intelligence, electronic intelligence, and foreign instrumentation signals intelligence, however transmitted. 2. Intelligence derived from communications, electronic, and foreign instrumentation signals. Also called SIGINT. 310 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 See also communications intelligence; electronic intelligence; instrumentation signals intelligence; intelligence. (JP 2-0) foreign signal-to-noise ratio — The ratio of the amplitude of the desired signal to the amplitude of noise signals at a given point in time. significant wave height — The average height of the third of waves observed during a given period of time. Significant wave height is used for evaluating the impact of waves and breakers on watercraft in the open sea and surf zones. See also surf zone. (JP 4-01.6) Silver Triangle — The South American region consisting of Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia that is historically known to be a major illegal drug production area. (JP 3-07.4) simulative electromagnetic deception — See electromagnetic deception. simultaneous engagement — The concurrent engagement of hostile targets by combination of interceptor aircraft and surface-to-air missiles. single-anchor leg mooring — A mooring facility dedicated to the offshore petroleum discharge system. Once installed, it permits a tanker to remain on station and pump in much higher sea states than is possible with a spread moor. Also called SALM. See also offshore petroleum discharge system. (JP 4-01.6) single integrated theater logistic manager — Service component or agency, usually in a mature theater, that is designated by the combatant commander or subunified commander as the single in-theater manager for planning and execution of a specific common-user logistic (CUL) item or related items. Single integrated logistic managers are normally long-term in nature with responsibilities that include planning, coordination, control, and execution of a specific CUL function (or similar CUL functions) at the theater level, in both peacetime and during actual operations, within the parameters of combatant commander’s directives. Also called SITLM. See also agency. (JP 4-07) single manager— A Military Department or Agency designated by the Secretary of Defense to be responsible for management of specified commodities or common service activities on a Department of Defense-wide basis. (JP 4-01) single manager for transportation — The United States Transportation Command is the Department of Defense single manager for transportation, other than Service-organic or theater-assigned transportation assets. See also Service-organic transportation assets; theater-assigned transportation assets; United States Transportation Command. (JP 4-01) single port manager — Through its transportation component commands, the US Transportation Command is the Department of Defense-designated single port manager JP 1-02 311 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 for all common-user aerial and seaports worldwide. The single port manager performs those functions necessary to support the strategic flow of the deploying forces’ equipment and sustainment from the aerial and seaport of embarkation and hand-off to the combatant commander in the aerial and seaport of debarkation. The single port manager is responsible for providing strategic deployment status information to the combatant commander and to manage workload of the aerial port of debarkation and seaport of debarkation operator based on the commander’s priorities and guidance. The single port manager is responsible through all phases of the theater aerial and seaport operations continuum, from a unimproved airfield and bare beach deployment to a commercial contract supported deployment. Also called SPM. See also Surface Deployment and Distribution Command; transportation component command; United States Transportation Command. (JP 4-01.2) single-service manager — A Service component commander who is assigned the responsibility and delegated the authority to coordinate and/or perform specified personnel support or personnel service support functions in the theater of operations. See also component. (JP 1-0) site exploitation — A series of activities to recognize, collect, process, preserve, and analyze information, personnel, and/or materiel found during the conduct of operations. Also called SE. (JP 3-31) situation report — (*) A report giving the situation in the area of a reporting unit or formation. Also called SITREP. situation template — A depiction of assumed adversary dispositions, based on that adversary’s preferred method of operations and the impact of the operational environment if the adversary should adopt a particular course of action. See also adversary template; course of action. (JP 2-01.3) 618th Tanker Airlift Control Center — The Air Mobility Command direct reporting unit responsible for tasking and controlling operational missions for all activities involving forces supporting US Transportation Command’s global air mobility mission. The Tanker Airlift Control Center is comprised of the following functions: current operations, command and control, logistic operations, aerial port operations, aeromedical evacuation, flight planning, diplomatic clearances, and weather. Also called 618th TACC. See also Air Mobility Command. (JP 3-17) slant range — (*) The line of sight distance between two points, not at the same level relative to a specific datum. slice — An average logistic planning factor used to obtain estimates of requirements for personnel and materiel. (e.g., a personnel slice generally consists of the total strength of the stated basic combatant elements, plus its proportionate share of all supporting and higher headquarters personnel.) 312 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 slightly wounded — A casualty whose injuries or illness are relatively minor, permitting the patient to walk and/or sit. See also patient; walking patient. (JP 4-02) small arms — Man portable, individual, and crew-served weapon systems used mainly against personnel and lightly armored or unarmored equipment. small arms ammunition — Ammunition for small arms, i.e., all ammunition up to and including 20 millimeters (.787 inches). small-scale map — A map having a scale smaller than 1:600,000. (JP 2-03) sociocultural factors — The social, cultural, and behavioral factors characterizing the relationships and activities of the population of a specific region or operational environment. (JP 2-01.3) solatium — Monetary compensation given in areas where it is culturally appropriate to alleviate grief, suffering, and anxiety resulting from injuries, death, and property loss with a monetary payment. (JP 1-06) sonar — A sonic device used primarily for the detection and location of underwater objects. (This term is derived from the words “sound navigation and ranging.”) sonobuoy — A sonar device used to detect submerged submarines that, when activated, relays information by radio. It may be active directional or nondirectional, or it may be passive directional or nondirectional. sortie — In air operations, an operational flight by one aircraft. (JP 3-30) sortie allotment message — The means by which the joint force commander allots excess sorties to meet requirements of subordinate commanders that are expressed in their air employment and/or allocation plan. Also called SORTIEALOT. (JP 3-30) sorting — In counterdrug operations, the process involved in differentiating traffic which could be involved in drug trafficking from legitimate air traffic. See also counterdrug operations. (JP 3-07.4) source — 1. A person, thing, or activity from which information is obtained. 2. In clandestine activities, a person (agent), normally a foreign national, in the employ of an intelligence activity for intelligence purposes. 3. In interrogation activities, any person who furnishes information, either with or without the knowledge that the information is being used for intelligence purposes. In this context, a controlled source is in the employment or under the control of the intelligence activity and knows that the information is to be used for intelligence purposes. An uncontrolled source is a voluntary contributor of information and may or may not know that the information is to be used for intelligence purposes. See also agent; collection agency. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 313 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 source management — The process of registering and monitoring the use of sources involved in counterintelligence and human intelligence operations to protect the security of the operations and avoid conflicts among operational elements. (JP 2-01.2) source registry — A source record/catalogue of leads and sources acquired by collectors and centralized for management, coordination and deconfliction of source operations. (JP 2-01.2) space — A medium like the land, sea, and air within which military activities shall be conducted to achieve US national security objectives. (JP 3-14) space asset — Any individual part of a space system as follows. (1) Equipment that is or can be placed in space (e.g., a satellite or a launch vehicle). (2) Terrestrially-based equipment that directly supports space activity (e.g., a satellite ground station). (JP 3-14) space assignment — An assignment to the individual Departments/Services by the appropriate transportation operating agency of movement capability which completely or partially satisfies the stated requirements of the Departments/Services for the operating month and that has been accepted by them without the necessity for referral to the Joint Transportation Board for allocation. space capability — 1. The ability of a space asset to accomplish a mission. 2. The ability of a terrestrial-based asset to accomplish a mission in space (e.g., a ground-based or airborne laser capable of negating a satellite). See also space; space asset. (JP 3-14) space control — Operations to ensure freedom of action in space for the US and its allies and, when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space. The space control mission area includes: operations conducted to protect friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards (defensive space control); operations to deny an adversary’s use of space capabilities (offensive space control); supported by the requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations depend (space situational awareness). See also combat service support; combat support; negation; space; space systems. (JP 3-14) space coordinating authority — A commander responsible for coordinating joint space operations and integrating space capabilities in the operational area. Also called SCA. (JP 3-14) space environment — The environment corresponding to the space domain, where electromagnetic radiation, charged particles, and electric and magnetic fields are the dominant physical influences, and that encompasses the earth’s ionosphere and magnetosphere, interplanetary space, and the solar atmosphere. See also ionosphere. (JP 3-59) 314 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 space force application — Combat operations in, through, and from space to influence the course and outcome of conflict. The space force application mission area includes ballistic missile defense and force projection. See also ballistic missile; force protection; space. (JP 3-14) space force enhancement — Combat support operations and force-multiplying capabilities delivered from space systems to improve the effectiveness of military forces as well as support other intelligence, civil, and commercial users. The space force enhancement mission area includes: intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance; integrated tactical warning and attack assessment; command, control, and communications; positioning, navigation, and timing; and environmental monitoring. See also combat support; space. (JP 3-14) space forces — The space and terrestrial systems, equipment, facilities, organizations, and personnel necessary to access, use and, if directed, control space for national security. See also national security; space; space systems. (JP 3-14) space power — The total strength of a nation’s capabilities to conduct and influence activities to, in, through, and from space to achieve its objectives. See also space. (JP 3-14) space sensor — An instrument or mechanical device mounted on a space platform or space vehicle for collecting information or detecting activity or conditions either in space or in a terrestrial medium. See also space. (JP 3-14) space situational awareness — The requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations depend — including physical, virtual, and human domains — as well as all factors, activities, and events of friendly and adversary space forces across the spectrum of conflict. (JP 3-14) space superiority — The degree of dominance in space of one force over another that permits the conduct of operations by the former and its related land, maritime, air, space, and special operations forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force. See also space. (JP 3-14) space support — Operations to deploy and sustain military and intelligence systems in space. The space support mission area includes launching and deploying space vehicles, maintaining and sustaining spacecraft on-orbit, rendezvous and proximity operations, disposing of (including deorbiting and recovering) space capabilities, and reconstitution of space forces, if required. See also combat service support; space. (JP 3-14) space surveillance — The observation of space and of the activities occurring in space. This mission is normally accomplished with the aid of ground-based radars and electrooptical sensors. This term is separate and distinct from the intelligence collection JP 1-02 315 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 mission conducted by space-based sensors which surveil terrestrial activity. See also space; space control. (JP 3-14) space systems — All of the devices and organizations forming the space network. These consist of: spacecraft; mission packages(s); ground stations; data links among spacecraft, mission or user terminals, which may include initial reception, processing, and exploitation; launch systems; and directly related supporting infrastructure, including space surveillance and battle management and/or command and control. See also space. (JP 3-14) space weather — The conditions and phenomena in space and specifically in the near-Earth environment that may affect space assets or space operations. Space weather may impact spacecraft and ground-based systems. Space weather is influenced by phenomena such as solar flare activity, ionospheric variability, energetic particle events, and geophysical events. See also space; space asset. (JP 3-14) special access program — A sensitive program, approved in writing by a head of agency with original top secret classification authority, that imposes need-to-know and access controls beyond those normally provided for access to confidential, secret, or top secret information. The level of controls is based on the criticality of the program and the assessed hostile intelligence threat. The program may be an acquisition program, an intelligence program, or an operations and support program. Also called SAP. (JP 3-05.1) special actions — Those functions that due to particular sensitivities, compartmentation, or caveats cannot be conducted in normal staff channels and therefore require extraordinary processes and procedures and may involve the use of sensitive capabilities. (JP 3-05.1) special air operation — An air operation conducted in support of special operations and other clandestine, covert, and psychological activities. (JP 3-05.1) special assignment airlift requirements — Airlift requirements, including Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff -directed or -coordinated exercises, that require special consideration due to the number of passengers involved, weight or size of cargo, urgency of movement, sensitivity, or other valid factors that preclude the use of channel airlift. See also airlift requirement; channel airlift. special boat squadron — A permanent Navy echelon III major command to which two or more special boat units are assigned for some operational and all administrative purposes. The squadron is tasked with the training and deployment of these special boat units and may augment naval special warfare task groups and task units. Also called SBS. (JP 3-05.1) special boat team — United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct or support special operations with combatant craft and other small craft. Also called SBT. (JP 3-05) 316 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 special cargo — Cargo that requires special handling or protection, such as pyrotechnics, detonators, watches, and precision instruments. special event — An international or domestic event, contest, activity, or meeting, which by its very nature, or by specific statutory or regulatory authority, may warrant security, safety, and/or other logistical support or assistance from the Department of Defense. (DODD 3025.18) special events for homeland security — Those special events designated as having an impact on homeland security. Also called SEHS. (JP 3-28) special forces — US Army forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with an emphasis on unconventional warfare capabilities. Also called SF. (JP 3-05) special forces group — The largest Army combat element for special operations consisting of command and control, special forces battalions, and a support battalion capable of long duration missions. Also called SFG. (JP 3-05) special information operations — Information operations that by their sensitive nature and due to their potential effect or impact, security requirements, or risk to the national security of the United States, require a special review and approval process. Also called SIO. See also information; information operations; operation. (JP 3-13) specialization — An arrangement within an alliance wherein a member or group of members most suited by virtue of technical skills, location, or other qualifications assume(s) greater responsibility for a specific task or significant portion thereof for one or more other members. special mission unit — A generic term to represent a group of operations and support personnel from designated organizations that is task-organized to perform highly classified activities. Also called SMU. (JP 3-05.1) special operations — Operations requiring unique modes of employment, tactical techniques, equipment and training often conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments and characterized by one or more of the following: time sensitive, clandestine, low visibility, conducted with and/or through indigenous forces, requiring regional expertise, and/or a high degree of risk. Also called SO. (JP 3-05) special operations combat control team — A team of Air Force personnel organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Under clandestine, covert, or low-visibility conditions, these teams establish and control air assault zones; assist aircraft by verbal control, positioning, and operating navigation aids; conduct limited offensive direct action and special reconnaissance operations; and assist in the JP 1-02 317 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 insertion and extraction of special operations forces. Also called SOCCT. See also combat control team. (JP 3-05.1) special operations command — A subordinate unified or other joint command established by a joint force commander to plan, coordinate, conduct, and support joint special operations within the joint force commander’s assigned operational area. Also called SOC. See also special operations. (JP 3-05) special operations command and control element — A special operations element that is the focal point for the synchronization of special operations forces activities with conventional forces activities. Also called SOCCE. See also command and control; joint force special operations component commander; special operations; special operations forces. (JP 3-05) special operations forces — Those Active and Reserve Component forces of the Military Services designated by the Secretary of Defense and specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called SOF. See also Air Force special operations forces; Army special operations forces; naval special warfare forces. (JP 3-05.1) special operations liaison element — A special operations liaison team provided by the joint force special operations component commander to the joint force air component commander (if designated), or appropriate Service component air command and control organization, to coordinate, deconflict, and integrate special operations air, surface, and subsurface operations with conventional air operations. Also called SOLE. See also joint force air component commander; joint force special operations component commander; special operations. (JP 3-05) special operations mission planning folder — The package that contains the materials required to execute a given special operations mission. It will include the mission tasking letter, mission tasking package, original feasibility assessment (as desired), initial assessment (as desired), target intelligence package, plan of execution, infiltration and exfiltration plan of execution, and other documentation as required or desired. Also called SOMPF. (JP 3-05.1) special operations naval mobile environment team — A team of Navy personnel organized, trained, and equipped to support naval special warfare forces by providing weather, oceanographic, mapping, charting, and geodesy support. Also called SONMET. (JP 3-05.1) special operations-peculiar — Equipment, material, supplies, and services required for special operations missions for which there is no Service-common requirement. Also called SO-peculiar. See also Service-common; special operations. (JP 3-05) 318 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 special operations weather team — A task organized team of Air Force personnel organized, trained, and equipped to collect critical environmental information from data sparse areas. Also called SOWT. (JP 3-05) special operations wing — An Air Force special operations wing. Also called SOW. (JP 3-05.1) special reconnaissance — Reconnaissance and surveillance actions conducted as a special operation in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments to collect or verify information of strategic or operational significance, employing military capabilities not normally found in conventional forces. Also called SR. (JP 3-05) special staff — All staff officers having duties at a headquarters and not included in the general (coordinating) staff group or in the personal staff group. The special staff includes certain technical specialists and heads of services, e.g., quartermaster officer, antiaircraft officer, transportation officer, etc. special tactics team — An Air Force task-organized element of special tactics that may include combat control, pararescue, tactical air control party, and special operations weather personnel. Also called STT. See also combat search and rescue; special operations; special operations forces; terminal attack control. (JP 3-05) specific intelligence collection requirement — An identified gap in intelligence holdings that may be satisfied only by collection action, and that has been validated by the appropriate requirements control authority. Also called SICR. specified combatant command — See specified command. (JP 1) specified command — A command that has a broad, continuing mission, normally functional, and is established and so designated by the President through the Secretary of Defense with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It normally is composed of forces from a single Military Department. Also called specified combatant command. (JP 1) specified task — In the context of joint operation planning, a task that is specifically assigned to an organization by its higher headquarters. See also essential task; implied task. (JP 5-0) split-mission oriented protective posture — The concept of maintaining heightened protective posture only in those areas (or zones) that are contaminated, allowing personnel in uncontaminated areas to continue to operate in a reduced posture. Also called split-MOPP. (JP 3-11) spoke — The portion of the hub and spoke distribution system that refers to transportation mode operators responsible for scheduled delivery to a customer of the “hub”. See also distribution; distribution system; hub; hub and spoke distribution. (JP 4-09) JP 1-02 319 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 spot — 1. To determine by observation, deviations of ordnance from the target for the purpose of supplying necessary information for the adjustment of fire. 2. To place in a proper location. 3. An approved shipboard helicopter landing site. See also ordnance. (JP 3-04) spot net — Radio communication net used by a spotter in calling fire. spot report — A concise narrative report of essential information covering events or conditions that may have an immediate and significant effect on current planning and operations that is afforded the most expeditious means of transmission consistent with requisite security. Also called SPOTREP. (Note: In reconnaissance and surveillance usage, spot report is not to be used.) (JP 3-09.3) spotter — 1. An observer stationed for the purpose of observing and reporting results of naval gunfire to the firing agency and who also may be employed in designating targets. See also naval gunfire spotting team. (JP 3-09) 2. In intelligence, an agent or illegal assigned to locate and assess individuals in positions of value to an intelligence service. (JP 2-01.2) spotting — Parking aircraft in an approved shipboard landing site. (JP 3-04) spreader bar — A device specially designed to permit the lifting and handling of containers or vehicles and breakbulk cargo. (JP 4-01.6) squadron — 1. An organization consisting of two or more divisions of ships, or two or more divisions (Navy) or flights of aircraft. It is normally but not necessarily composed of ships or aircraft of the same type. 2. The basic administrative aviation unit of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force. 3. Battalion-sized ground or aviation units in US Army cavalry regiments. stability operations — An overarching term encompassing various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. (JP 3-0) stabilized patient — A patient whose airway is secured, hemorrhage is controlled, shock treated, and fractures are immobilized. See also patient. (JP 4-02) stable patient — A patient for whom no inflight medical intervention is expected but the potential for medical intervention exists. See also patient. (JP 4-02) staff judge advocate — A judge advocate so designated in the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps, and the principal legal advisor of a Navy, Coast Guard, or joint force command who is a judge advocate. Also called SJA. (JP 1-04) 320 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 staged crews — Aircrews specifically positioned at intermediate airfields to take over aircraft operating on air routes, thus relieving complementary crews of flying fatigue and speeding up the flow rate of the aircraft concerned. staging — Assembling, holding, and organizing arriving personnel, equipment, and sustaining materiel in preparation for onward movement. The organizing and preparation for movement of personnel, equipment, and materiel at designated areas to incrementally build forces capable of meeting the operational commander’s requirements. See also staging area. (JP 3-35) staging area — 1. Amphibious or airborne — A general locality between the mounting area and the objective of an amphibious or airborne expedition, through which the expedition or parts thereof pass after mounting, for refueling, regrouping of ships, and/or exercise, inspection, and redistribution of troops. 2. Other movements — A general locality established for the concentration of troop units and transient personnel between movements over the lines of communications. Also called SA. See also airborne; marshalling; staging. (JP 3-35) staging base — 1. An advanced naval base for the anchoring, fueling, and refitting of transports and cargo ships as well as replenishment of mobile service squadrons. 2. A landing and takeoff area with minimum servicing, supply, and shelter provided for the temporary occupancy of military aircraft during the course of movement from one location to another. standardization — The process by which the Department of Defense achieves the closest practicable cooperation among the Services and Department of Defense agencies for the most efficient use of research, development, and production resources, and agrees to adopt on the broadest possible basis the use of: a. common or compatible operational, administrative, and logistic procedures; b. common or compatible technical procedures and criteria; c. common, compatible, or interchangeable supplies, components, weapons, or equipment; and d. common or compatible tactical doctrine with corresponding organizational compatibility. (JP 4-02) standard operating procedure — A set of instructions covering those features of operations which lend themselves to a definite or standardized procedure without loss of effectiveness. The procedure is applicable unless ordered otherwise. Also called SOP. (JP 3-31) standard use Army aircraft flight route — Route established below the coordinating altitude to facilitate the movement of Army aviation assets. Route is normally located in the corps through brigade rear areas of operation and do not require approval by the airspace control authority. Also called SAAFR. (JP 3-52) Standby Reserve — Those units and members of the Reserve Component (other than those in the Ready Reserve or Retired Reserve) who are liable for active duty only, as JP 1-02 321 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 provided in Title 10, United States Code, Sections 10151, 12301, and 12306. See also active duty; Ready Reserve; Reserve Component; Retired Reserve. (JP 4-05) standing joint force headquarters — A staff organization operating under a flag or general officer providing a combatant commander with a full-time, trained joint command and control element integrated into the combatant commander’s staff whose focus is on contingency and crisis action planning. Also called SJFHQ. (JP 3-0) standing operating procedure — See standard operating procedure. (JP 3-31) standing rules for the use of force — Preapproved directives issued to guide United States forces on the use of force during various operations. These directives may take the form of execute orders, deployment orders, memoranda of agreement, or plans. Also called SRUF. (JP 3-28) stateless person — A person who is not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law. See also dislocated civilian; displaced person; evacuee; expellee; refugee. (JP 3-29) station time — In air transport operations, the time at which crews, passengers, and cargo are to be on board and ready for the flight. (JP 3-17) status-of-forces agreement — An agreement that defines the legal position of a visiting military force deployed in the territory of a friendly state. Agreements delineating the status of visiting military forces may be bilateral or multilateral. Provisions pertaining to the status of visiting forces may be set forth in a separate agreement, or they may form a part of a more comprehensive agreement. These provisions describe how the authorities of a visiting force may control members of that force and the amenability of the force or its members to the local law or to the authority of local officials. Also called SOFA. See also civil affairs agreement. (JP 3-16) sterilizer — In mine warfare, a device included in mines to render the mine permanently inoperative on expiration of a pre-determined time after laying. (JP 3-15) stick commander (air transport) — A designated individual who controls paratroops from the time they enter the aircraft until their exit. See also jumpmaster. stimulants — Controlled drugs that make the user feel stronger, more decisive, and selfpossessed; includes cocaine and amphetamines. (JP 3-07.4) stockage objective — The maximum quantities of materiel to be maintained on hand to sustain current operations. It will consist of the sum of stocks represented by the operating level and the safety level. Stock Number — See national stock number. 322 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 stockpile to target sequence — 1. The order of events involved in removing a nuclear weapon from storage and assembling, testing, transporting, and delivering it on the target. 2. A document that defines the logistic and employment concepts and related physical environments involved in the delivery of a nuclear weapon from the stockpile to the target. It may also define the logistic flow involved in moving nuclear weapons to and from the stockpile for quality assurance testing, modification and retrofit, and the recycling of limited life components. stop-loss — Presidential authority under Title 10, United States Code, Section 12305 to suspend laws relating to promotion, retirement, or separation of any member of the Armed Forces determined essential to the national security of the United States (“laws relating to promotion” broadly includes, among others, grade tables, current general or flag officer authorizations, and E8 and 9 limits). This authority may be exercised by the President only if reservists are serving on active duty under Title 10, United States Code authorities for Presidential Reserve Call-up, partial mobilization, or full mobilization. See also mobilization; partial mobilization; Presidential Reserve Call-up. (JP 4-05) stowage — The method of placing cargo into a single hold or compartment of a ship to prevent damage, shifting, etc. (JP 3-02) stowage factor — The number that expresses the space, in cubic feet, occupied by a long ton of any commodity as prepared for shipment, including all crating or packaging. stowage plan — A completed stowage diagram showing what materiel has been loaded and its stowage location in each hold, between-deck compartment, or other space in a ship, including deck space. Each port of discharge is indicated by colors or other appropriate means. Deck and between-deck cargo normally is shown in perspective, while cargo stowed in the lower hold is shown in profile, except that vehicles usually are shown in perspective regardless of stowage. strafing — The delivery of automatic weapons fire by aircraft on ground targets. strapping — 1. An operation by which supply containers, such as cartons or boxes, are reinforced by bands, metal straps, or wire, placed at specified intervals around them, drawn taut, and then sealed or clamped by a machine. 2. Measurement of storage tanks and calculation of volume to provide tables for conversion of depth of product in linear units of measurement to volume of contents. strategic air transport — The movement of personnel and materiel by air in accordance with a strategic plan. strategic communication — Focused United States Government efforts to understand and engage key audiences to create, strengthen, or preserve conditions favorable for the advancement of United States Government interests, policies, and objectives through JP 1-02 323 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 the use of coordinated programs, plans, themes, messages, and products synchronized with the actions of all instruments of national power. Also called SC. (JP 5-0) strategic concept — The course of action accepted as the result of the estimate of the strategic situation which is a statement of what is to be done in broad terms. (JP 5-0) strategic debriefing — Debriefing activity conducted to collect information or to verify previously collected information in response to national or theater level collection priorities. (JP 2-01.2) strategic direction — The processes and products by which the President, Secretary of Defense, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff provide strategic guidance to the Joint Staff, combatant commands, Services, and combat support agencies. (JP 5-0) strategic estimate — The broad range of strategic factors that influence the commander’s understanding of its operational environment and its determination of missions, objectives, and courses of action. See also estimate; logistic estimate of the situation; national intelligence estimate. (JP 5-0) strategic intelligence — Intelligence required for the formation of policy and military plans at national and international levels. Strategic intelligence and tactical intelligence differ primarily in level of application, but may also vary in terms of scope and detail. See also intelligence; operational intelligence; tactical intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) strategic level of war — The level of war at which a nation, often as a member of a group of nations, determines national or multinational (alliance or coalition) strategic security objectives and guidance, then develops and uses national resources to achieve those objectives. See also operational level of war; tactical level of war. (JP 3-0) strategic mission — A mission directed against one or more of a selected series of enemy targets with the purpose of progressive destruction and disintegration of the enemy’s warmaking capacity and will to make war. Targets include key manufacturing systems, sources of raw material, critical material, stockpiles, power systems, transportation systems, communication facilities, and other such target systems. As opposed to tactical operations, strategic operations are designed to have a long-range rather than immediate effect on the enemy and its military forces. strategic plan — A plan for the overall conduct of a war. (JP 5-0) strategic sealift — The afloat pre-positioning and ocean movement of military materiel in support of US and multinational forces. Sealift forces include organic and commercially acquired shipping and shipping services, including chartered foreign-flag vessels and associated shipping services. (JP 4-01.5) strategic sealift forces — Sealift forces composed of ships, cargo handling and delivery systems, and the necessary operating personnel. They include US Navy, US Marine 324 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Corps, and US Army elements with Active and Reserve components. Merchant marine vessels manned by civilian mariners may constitute part of this force. See also force. (JP 4-01.6) strategic sealift shipping — Common-user ships of the Military Sealift Command force, including pre-positioned ships after their pre-positioning mission has been completed and they have been returned to the operational control of the Military Sealift Command. See also Military Sealift Command; Military Sealift Command force. (JP 4-01.2) strategic vulnerability — The susceptibility of vital instruments of national power to being seriously decreased or adversely changed by the application of actions within the capability of another nation to impose. Strategic vulnerability may pertain to political, geographic, economic, informational, scientific, sociological, or military factors. strategic warning — A warning prior to the initiation of a threatening act. See also tactical warning; warning. strategy — A prudent idea or set of ideas for employing the instruments of national power in a synchronized and integrated fashion to achieve theater, national, and/or multinational objectives. (JP 3-0) stretcher — See litter. strike — An attack to damage or destroy an objective or a capability. (JP 3-0) strike coordination and reconnaissance — A mission flown for the purpose of detecting targets and coordinating or performing attack or reconnaissance on those targets. Also called SCAR. (JP 3-03) strikedown — The movement of aircraft from the flight deck to the hangar deck level. See also flight deck. (JP 3-04) stuffing — Packing of cargo into a container. See also unstuffing. (JP 4-09) submarine operating authority — The naval commander exercising operational control of submarines. Also called SUBOPAUTH. submarine patrol area — A restricted area established to allow submarine operations: a. unimpeded by the operation of, or possible attack from, friendly forces in wartime; b. without submerged mutual interference in peacetime. subordinate campaign plan — A combatant command prepared plan that satisfies the requirements under a Department of Defense campaign plan, which, depending upon the circumstances, transitions to a supported or supporting plan in execution. (JP 5-0) JP 1-02 325 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 subordinate command — A command consisting of the commander and all those individuals, units, detachments, organizations, or installations that have been placed under the command by the authority establishing the subordinate command. (JP 1) subordinate unified command — A command established by commanders of unified commands, when so authorized by the Secretary of Defense through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to conduct operations on a continuing basis in accordance with the criteria set forth for unified commands. A subordinate unified command may be established on an area or functional basis. Commanders of subordinate unified commands have functions and responsibilities similar to those of the commanders of unified commands and exercise operational control of assigned commands and forces within the assigned operational area. Also called subunified command. See also area command; functional component command; operational control; subordinate command; unified command. (JP 1) subscription — An agreement by a nation’s Military Services to agree to accept and abide by, with or without reservation, the details of a standardization agreement. See also implementation; ratification. subsidiary landing — In an amphibious operation, a landing usually made outside the designated landing area, the purpose of which is to support the main landing. (JP 3-02) subunified command — See subordinate unified command. (JP 1) subversion — Actions designed to undermine the military, economic, psychological, or political strength or morale of a governing authority. See also unconventional warfare. (JP 3-24) subversive political action — A planned series of activities designed to accomplish political objectives by influencing, dominating, or displacing individuals or groups who are so placed as to affect the decisions and actions of another government. summit — The highest altitude above mean sea level that a projectile reaches in its flight from the gun to the target; the algebraic sum of the maximum ordinate and the altitude of the gun. sun-synchronous orbit — An orbit in which the satellite’s orbital plane is at a fixed orientation to the sun, i.e., the orbit precesses about the earth at the same rate that the earth orbits the sun. It has the characteristics of maintaining similar sun angles along its ground trace for all orbits, and typically has an inclination from 96 to 98 degrees, depending on the orbit altitude and orbit shape (eccentricity). (JP 3-14) supercargo — Personnel that accompany cargo on board a ship for the purpose of accomplishing en route maintenance and security. 326 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 supplies — In logistics, all materiel and items used in the equipment, support, and maintenance of military forces. See also component; equipment. (JP 4-0) supply — The procurement, distribution, maintenance while in storage, and salvage of supplies, including the determination of kind and quantity of supplies. a. producer phase — That phase of military supply that extends from determination of procurement schedules to acceptance of finished supplies by the Military Services. b. consumer phase — That phase of military supply which extends from receipt of finished supplies by the Military Services through issue for use or consumption. (JP 4-0) supply by air — See airdrop; air movement. supply chain — The linked activities associated with providing materiel from a raw materiel stage to an end user as a finished product. See also supply; supply chain management. (JP 4-09) supply chain management — A cross-functional approach to procuring, producing, and delivering products and services to customers. The broad management scope includes subsuppliers, suppliers, internal information, and funds flow. See also supply; supply chain. (JP 4-09) supply management — See inventory control. supply support activity — Activities assigned a Department of Defense activity address code and that have a supply support mission, i.e., direct support supply units, missile support elements, and maintenance support units. Also called SSA. (JP 4-09) support — 1. The action of a force that aids, protects, complements, or sustains another force in accordance with a directive requiring such action. 2. A unit that helps another unit in battle. 3. An element of a command that assists, protects, or supplies other forces in combat. See also close support; direct support; general support; interdepartmental or agency support; international logistic support; inter-Service support; mutual support. (JP 1) support agency — A federal department or agency designated to assist a specific primary agency with available resources, capabilities, or expertise in support of emergency support response operations, as coordinated by the representative of the primary agency. See also lead federal agency. (JP 3-28) supported commander — 1. The commander having primary responsibility for all aspects of a task assigned by the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan or other joint operation planning authority. 2. In the context of joint operation planning, the commander who prepares operation plans or operation orders in response to requirements of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 3. In the context of a support command relationship, the commander who receives assistance from another commander’s force or capabilities, and who is responsible for ensuring that the supporting commander JP 1-02 327 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 understands the assistance required. See also support; supporting commander. (JP 3-0) supported unit — As related to contracted support, a supported unit is the organization that is the recipient, but not necessarily the requester of, contractor-provided support. See also requiring activity. (JP 4-10) supporting arms — Weapons and weapons systems of all types employed to support forces by indirect or direct fire. (JP 3-02) supporting arms coordination center — A single location on board an amphibious command ship in which all communication facilities incident to the coordination of fire support of the artillery, air, and naval gunfire are centralized. This is the naval counterpart to the fire support coordination center utilized by the landing force. Also called SACC. See also fire support coordination center. (JP 3-09.3) supporting attack — (*) An offensive operation carried out in conjunction with a main attack and designed to achieve one or more of the following: a. deceive the enemy; b. destroy or pin down enemy forces which could interfere with the main attack; c. control ground whose occupation by the enemy will hinder the main attack; or d. force the enemy to commit reserves prematurely or in an indecisive area. supporting commander — 1. A commander who provides augmentation forces or other support to a supported commander or who develops a supporting plan. 2. In the context of a support command relationship, the commander who aids, protects, complements, or sustains another commander’s force, and who is responsible for providing the assistance required by the supported commander. See also support; supported commander. (JP 3-0) supporting fire — Fire delivered by supporting units to assist or protect a unit in combat. (JP 3-09) supporting operations — In amphibious operations, those operations conducted by forces other than those conducted by the amphibious force. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation. (JP 3-02) supporting plan — An operation plan prepared by a supporting commander, a subordinate commander, or an agency to satisfy the requests or requirements of the supported commander’s plan. See also supported commander; supporting commander. (JP 5-0) support items — Items subordinate to or associated with an end item (i.e., spares, repair parts, tools, test equipment, and sundry materiel) and required to operate, service, repair, or overhaul an end item. 328 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 suppression — Temporary or transient degradation by an opposing force of the performance of a weapons system below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives. suppression mission — A mission to suppress an actual or suspected weapons system for the purpose of degrading its performance below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives at a specific time for a specified duration. suppression of enemy air defenses — Activity that neutralizes, destroys, or temporarily degrades surface-based enemy air defenses by destructive and/or disruptive means. Also called SEAD. See also electromagnetic spectrum; electronic warfare. (JP 3-01) suppressive fire — Fires on or about a weapons system to degrade its performance below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives, during the conduct of the fire mission. surface action group — A temporary or standing organization of combatant ships, other than carriers, tailored for a specific tactical mission. Also called SAG. See group; mission. (JP 3-02) surface combatant — A ship constructed and armed for combat use with the capability to conduct operations in multiple maritime roles against air, surface and subsurface threats, and land targets. Surface Deployment and Distribution Command — A major command of the US Army, and the US Transportation Command’s component command responsible for designated continental United States land transportation as well as common-user water terminal and traffic management service to deploy, employ, sustain, and redeploy US forces on a global basis. Also called SDDC. See also transportation component command. (JP 4-09) surface smuggling event — In counterdrug operations, the sighting of a suspected drug smuggling vessel or arrival of a suspected drug smuggling vessel. See also arrival zone; counterdrug operations; transit zone. (JP 3-07.4) surface-to-air missile site — A plot of ground prepared in such a manner that it will readily accept the hardware used in surface-to-air missile system. surface-to-air weapon — A surface-launched weapon for use against airborne targets. Examples include missiles, rockets, and air defense guns. (JP 3-09.3) surface warfare — That portion of maritime warfare in which operations are conducted to destroy or neutralize enemy naval surface forces and merchant vessels. Also called SUW. (JP 3-33) surface zero — See ground zero. JP 1-02 329 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 surf line — The point offshore where waves and swells are affected by the underwater surface and become breakers. See also breaker. (JP 4-01.6) surf zone — The area of water from the surf line to the beach. See also surf line. (JP 4-01.6) surveillance — The systematic observation of aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas, places, persons, or things, by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other means. See also air surveillance; satellite and missile surveillance; sea surveillance. (JP 3-0) surveillance approach — An instrument approach conducted in accordance with directions issued by a controller referring to the surveillance radar display. survivability — All aspects of protecting personnel, weapons, and supplies while simultaneously deceiving the enemy. (JP 3-34) survival, evasion, resistance, and escape — Actions performed by isolated personnel designed to ensure their health, mobility, safety, and honor in anticipation of or preparation for their return to friendly control. Also called SERE. (JP 3-50) suspect — 1. In counterdrug operations, a track of interest where correlating information actually ties the track of interest to alleged illegal drug operations. See also counterdrug operations; track of interest. 2. An identity applied to a track that is potentially hostile because of its characteristics, behavior, origin, or nationality. See also assumed friend; neutral; unknown. (JP 3-07.4) sustainment — The provision of logistics and personnel services required to maintain and prolong operations until successful mission accomplishment. (JP 3-0) sustainment, restoration, and modernization — The fuels asset sustainment program within Defense Energy Support Center that provides a long-term process to costeffectively sustain, restore, and modernize fuel facilities. Also called S/RM. (JP 4-03) swell — Ocean waves that have traveled out of their fetch. Swell characteristically exhibits a more regular and longer period and has flatter crests than waves within their fetch. (JP 4-01.6) synchronization — 1. The arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and time. 2. In the intelligence context, application of intelligence sources and methods in concert with the operation plan to ensure intelligence requirements are answered in time to influence the decisions they support. (JP 2-0) synchronized clock — A technique of timing the delivery of fires by placing all units on a common time. The synchronized clock uses a specific hour and minute based on either local or universal time. Local time is established using the local time zone. (JP 3-09.3) 330 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 synthesis — In intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation. system — A functionally, physically, and/or behaviorally related group of regularly interacting or interdependent elements; that group of elements forming a unified whole. (JP 3-0) systems support contract — A prearranged contract awarded by a Service acquisition program management office that provides technical support, maintenance and, in some cases, repair parts for selected military weapon and support systems. See also external support contract; theater support contract. (JP 4-10) JP 1-02 331 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 332 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 T table of allowance — An equipment allowance document that prescribes basic allowances of organizational equipment, and provides the control to develop, revise, or change equipment authorization inventory data. Also called TOA. (JP 4-09) TABOO frequencies — Any friendly frequency of such importance that it must never be deliberately jammed or interfered with by friendly forces. Normally, these frequencies include international distress, CEASE BUZZER, safety, and controller frequencies. These frequencies are generally long standing. However, they may be time-oriented in that, as the combat or exercise situation changes, the restrictions may be removed. See also electronic warfare. (JP 3-13.1) tactical aeromedical evacuation — That phase of evacuation which provides airlift for patients from the combat zone to points outside the combat zone, and between points within the communications zone. (JP 4-02) tactical air command center — The principal US Marine Corps air command and control agency from which air operations and air defense warning functions are directed. It is the senior agency of the US Marine air command and control system that serves as the operational command post of the aviation combat element commander. It provides the facility from which the aviation combat element commander and his battle staff plan, supervise, coordinate, and execute all current and future air operations in support of the Marine air-ground task force. The tactical air command center can provide integration, coordination, and direction of joint and combined air operations. Also called Marine TACC. (JP 3-09.3) tactical air control center — The principal air operations installation (ship-based) from which all aircraft and air warning functions of tactical air operations are controlled. Also called Navy TACC. (JP 3-09.3) tactical air control party — A subordinate operational component of a tactical air control system designed to provide air liaison to land forces and for the control of aircraft. Also called TACP. (JP 3-09.3) tactical air coordinator (airborne) — An officer who coordinates, from an aircraft, the actions of other aircraft engaged in air support of ground or sea forces. Also called TAC(A). See also forward observer. (JP 3-09.3) tactical air direction center — An air operations installation under the overall control of the Navy tactical air control center or the Marine Corps tactical air command center, from which aircraft and air warning service functions of tactical air operations in support of amphibious operations are directed. Also called TADC. (JP 3-09.3) JP 1-02 333 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 tactical airfield fuel dispensing system — A tactical aircraft refueling system deployed by a Marine air-ground task force in support of air operations at an expeditionary airfield or a forward arming and refueling point. Also called TAFDS. (JP 4-03) tactical air officer (afloat) — The officer (aviator) under the amphibious task force commander who coordinates planning of all phases of air participation of the amphibious operation and air operations of supporting forces en route to and in the objective area. Until control is passed ashore, this officer exercises control over all operations of the tactical air control center (afloat) and is charged with the following: a. control of all aircraft in the objective area assigned for tactical air operations, including offensive and defensive air; b. control of all other aircraft entering or passing through the objective area; and c. control of all air warning facilities in the objective area. (JP 3-02) tactical air operations center — The principal air control agency of the US Marine air command and control system responsible for airspace control and management. It provides real-time surveillance, direction, positive control, and navigational assistance for friendly aircraft. It performs real-time direction and control of all antiair warfare operations, to include manned interceptors and surface-to-air weapons. It is subordinate to the tactical air command center. Also called TAOC. (JP 3-09.3) tactical air support element — An element of a US Army division, corps, or field army tactical operations center consisting of Army component intelligence staff officer and Army component operations staff officer air personnel who coordinate and integrate tactical air support with current tactical ground operations. tactical air transport operations — The carriage of passengers and cargo within a theater by means of: a. airborne operations: (1) parachute assault, (2) helicopterborne assault, (3) air landing; b. air logistic support; c. special missions; d. aeromedical evacuation missions. (JP 4-02) tactical assembly area — An area that is generally out of the reach of light artillery and the location where units make final preparations (pre-combat checks and inspections) and rest, prior to moving to the line of departure. See also assembly area; line of departure. (JP 3-35) tactical call sign — (*) A call sign which identifies a tactical command or tactical communication facility. See also call sign. tactical combat force — A combat unit, with appropriate combat support and combat service support assets, that is assigned the mission of defeating Level III threats. Also called TCF. (JP 3-10) tactical control — Command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area necessary 334 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 to accomplish missions or tasks assigned. Tactical control is inherent in operational control. Tactical control may be delegated to, and exercised at any level at or below the level of combatant command. Tactical control provides sufficient authority for controlling and directing the application of force or tactical use of combat support assets within the assigned mission or task. Also called TACON. See also combatant command; combatant command (command authority); operational control. (JP 1) tactical data link — A Joint Staff-approved, standardized communication link suitable for transmission of digital information. Tactical digital information links interface two or more command and control or weapons systems via a single or multiple network architecture and multiple communication media for exchange of tactical information. Also called TDL. (JP 6-0) tactical exploitation of national capabilities — Congressionally mandated program to improve the combat effectiveness of the Services through more effective military use of national programs. Also called TENCAP. tactical intelligence — Intelligence required for the planning and conduct of tactical operations. See also intelligence. (JP 2-01.2) tactical intelligence and related activities — Those activities outside the National Foreign Intelligence Program that accomplish the following: a. respond to operational commanders’ tasking for time-sensitive information on foreign entities; b. respond to national intelligence community tasking of systems whose primary mission is support to operating forces; c. train personnel for intelligence duties; d. provide an intelligence reserve; or e. are devoted to research and development of intelligence or related capabilities. Specifically excluded are programs that are so closely integrated with a weapon system that their primary function is to provide immediate-use targeting data. Also called TIARA. tactical level of war — The level of war at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to achieve military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces. See also operational level of war; strategic level of war. (JP 3-0) tactical loading — See combat loading; unit loading. tactical-logistical group — Representatives designated by troop commanders to assist Navy control officers aboard control ships in the ship-to-shore movement of troops, equipment, and supplies. Also called TACLOG group. (JP 3-02) tactical map — A large-scale map used for tactical and administrative purposes. (JP 2-03) tactical minefield — A minefield that is employed to directly attack enemy maneuver as part of a formation obstacle plan and is laid to delay, channel, or break up an enemy advance, giving the defending element a positional advantage over the attacker. (JP 3-15) JP 1-02 335 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 tactical obstacles — Those obstacles employed to disrupt enemy formations, to turn them into a desired area, to fix them in position under direct and indirect fires, and to block enemy penetrations. (JP 3-15) tactical operations center — A physical groupment of those elements of a general and special staff concerned with the current tactical operations and the tactical support thereof. Also called TOC. (JP 3-33) tactical questioning — Direct questioning by any Department of Defense personnel of a captured or detained person to obtain time-sensitive tactical intelligence information, at or near the point of capture or detention and consistent with applicable law. Also called TQ. (JP 3-63) tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel — A Marine Corps mission performed by an assigned and briefed aircrew for the specific purpose of the recovery of personnel, equipment, and/or aircraft when the tactical situation precludes search and rescue assets from responding and when survivors and their location have been confirmed. Also called TRAP. (JP 3-50) tactical reserve — A part of a force held under the control of the commander as a maneuvering force to influence future action. tactical warning — 1. A warning after initiation of a threatening or hostile act based on an evaluation of information from all available sources. 2. In satellite and missile surveillance, a notification to operational command centers that a specific threat event is occurring. The component elements that describe threat events are as follows: a. country of origin — Country or countries initiating hostilities; b. event type and size — Identification of the type of event and determination of the size or number of weapons; c. country under attack — Determined by observing trajectory of an object and predicting its impact point; and d. event time — Time the hostile event occurred. See also attack assessment; strategic warning. tactical warning and attack assessment — A composite term. See separate definitions for tactical warning and for attack assessment. Also called TW/AA. tactics — The employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other. See also procedures; techniques. (CJCSI 5120.02) tagline — A line attached to a draft of cargo or container to provide control and minimize pendulation of cargo during lifting operations. See also container; draft. (JP 4-01.6) tare weight — The weight of a container deducted from gross weight to obtain net weight or the weight of an empty container. (JP 4-09) target — 1. An entity or object considered for possible engagement or other action. 2. In intelligence usage, a country, area, installation, agency, or person against which 336 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intelligence operations are directed. 3. An area designated and numbered for future firing. 4. In gunfire support usage, an impact burst that hits the target. See also objective area. (JP 3-60) target acquisition — The detection, identification, and location of a target in sufficient detail to permit the effective employment of weapons. Also called TA. See also target analysis. (JP 3-60) target analysis — An examination of potential targets to determine military importance, priority of attack, and weapons required to obtain a desired level of damage or casualties. See also target acquisition. (JP 3-60) target area of interest — The geographical area where high-value targets can be acquired and engaged by friendly forces. Not all target areas of interest will form part of the friendly course of action; only target areas of interest associated with high priority targets are of interest to the staff. These are identified during staff planning and wargaming. Target areas of interest differ from engagement areas in degree. Engagement areas plan for the use of all available weapons; target areas of interest might be engaged by a single weapon. Also called TAI. See also area of interest; high-value target; target. (JP 2-01.3) target array — A graphic representation of enemy forces, personnel, and facilities in a specific situation, accompanied by a target analysis. target audience — An individual or group selected for influence. Also called TA. (JP 3-13) target bearing — 1. true — The true compass bearing of a target from a firing ship. 2. relative — The bearing of a target measured in the horizontal from the bow of one’s own ship clockwise from 0 degrees to 360 degrees, or from the nose of one’s own aircraft in hours of the clock. target complex — A geographically integrated series of target concentrations. See also target. (JP 3-60) target component — A set of targets within a target system performing a similar function. See also target; target critical damage point. (JP 3-60) target concentration — A grouping of geographically proximate targets. See also target; target complex. (JP 3-60) target critical damage point — The part of a target component that is most vital. Also called critical node. See also target; target component. (JP 3-05.1) target development — The systematic examination of potential target systems - and their components, individual targets, and even elements of targets - to determine the JP 1-02 337 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 necessary type and duration of the action that must be exerted on each target to create an effect that is consistent with the commander’s specific objectives. (JP 3-60) target folder — A folder, hardcopy or electronic, containing target intelligence and related materials prepared for planning and executing action against a specific target. See also target. (JP 3-60) target information center — The agency or activity responsible for collecting, displaying, evaluating, and disseminating information pertaining to potential targets. Also called TIC. See also target. (JP 3-02) targeting — The process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them, considering operational requirements and capabilities. See also joint targeting coordination board; target. (JP 3-0) target intelligence — Intelligence that portrays and locates the components of a target or target complex and indicates its vulnerability and relative importance. See also target; target complex. (JP 3-60) target location error — The difference between the coordinates generated for a target and the actual location of the target. Target location error is expressed primarily in terms of circular and vertical errors or infrequently, as spherical error. Also called TLE. (JP 3-09.3) target materials — Graphic, textual, tabular, digital, video, or other presentations of target intelligence, primarily designed to support operations against designated targets by one or more weapon(s) systems. Target materials are suitable for training, planning, executing, and evaluating military operations. See also Air Target Materials Program. (JP 2-0) target nomination list — A target-consolidated list of targets made up of the multiple candidate target lists. A prioritized list of targets drawn from the joint target list and nominated by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for inclusion on the joint integrated prioritized target list. Also called TNL. See also candidate target list; joint integrated prioritized target list; target. (JP 3-60) target of opportunity — 1. A target identified too late, or not selected for action in time, to be included in deliberate targeting that, when detected or located, meets criteria specific to achieving objectives and is processed using dynamic targeting. There are two types of targets of opportunity: unplanned and unanticipated. 2. A target visible to a surface or air sensor or observer, which is within range of available weapons and against which fire has not been scheduled or requested. See also dynamic targeting; target; unplanned target; unanticipated target. (JP 3-60) target overlay — (*) A transparent sheet which, when superimposed on a particular chart, map, drawing, tracing or other representation, depicts target locations and designations. 338 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 The target overlay may also show boundaries between maneuver elements, objectives and friendly forward dispositions. target priority — A grouping of targets with the indicated sequence of attack. (JP 3-60) target signature — 1. The characteristic pattern of a target displayed by detection and identification equipment. 2. In naval mine warfare, the variation in the influence field produced by the passage of a ship or sweep. (JP 3-60) target stress point — The weakest point (most vulnerable to damage) on the critical damage point. Also called vulnerable node. See also target critical damage point. (JP 3-05.1) target system — 1. All the targets situated in a particular geographic area and functionally related. 2. A group of targets that are so related that their destruction will produce some particular effect desired by the attacker. See also target; target complex. (JP 3-60) target system analysis — An all-source examination of potential target systems to determine relevance to stated objectives, military importance, and priority of attack. It is an open-ended analytic process produced through the intelligence production process using national and theater validated requirements as a foundation. Also called TSA. (JP 3-60) target system assessment — The broad assessment of the overall impact and effectiveness of the full spectrum of military force applied against the operation of an enemy target system or total combat effectiveness (including significant subdivisions of the system) relative to the operational objectives established. See also target system. (JP 3-60) target system component — A set of targets belonging to one or more groups of industries and basic utilities required to produce component parts of an end product, or one type of a series of interrelated commodities. (JP 3-60) task component — A subdivision of a fleet, task force, task group, or task unit, organized by the respective commander or by higher authority for the accomplishment of specific tasks. task element — A component of a naval task unit organized by the commander of a task unit or higher authority. (JP 3-02) task force counterintelligence coordinating authority — An individual that affects the overall coordination of counterintelligence activities (in a joint force intelligence directorate counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element, joint task force configuration), with other supporting counterintelligence organizations, and supporting agencies to ensure full counterintelligence coverage of the task force operational area. Also called TFCICA. See also counterintelligence; counterintelligence activities; joint task force. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 339 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 task group — A component of a naval task force organized by the commander of a task force or higher authority. Also called TG. (JP 3-02) tasking order — A method used to task and to disseminate to components, subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected targets and specific missions. In addition, the tasking order provides specific instructions concerning the mission planning agent, targets, and other control agencies, as well as general instructions for accomplishment of the mission. Also called TASKORD. See also mission; target. (JP 3-05.1) task order — Order for services placed against an established contract. See also civil augmentation program; cost-plus award fee contract. (JP 4-10) task organization — 1. In the Navy, an organization which assigns to responsible commanders the means with which to accomplish their assigned tasks in any planned action. 2. An organization table pertaining to a specific naval directive. task unit — A component of a naval task group organized by the commander of a task group or higher authority. (JP 3-02) T-day — See times. tear line — A physical line on an intelligence message or document separating categories of information that have been approved for foreign disclosure and release. Normally, the intelligence below the tear line is that which has been previously cleared for disclosure or release. (JP 2-0) technical analysis — (*) In imagery interpretation, the precise description of details appearing on imagery. technical architecture — A minimal set of rules governing the arrangement, interaction, and interdependence of the parts or elements whose purpose is to ensure that a conformant system satisfies a specified set of requirements. technical assistance — The providing of advice, assistance, and training pertaining to the installation, operation, and maintenance of equipment. (JP 3-22) technical characteristics — Those characteristics of equipment that pertain primarily to the engineering principles involved in producing equipment possessing desired military characteristics; e.g., for electronic equipment, technical characteristics include such items as circuitry as well as types and arrangement of components. technical documentation — Visual information documentation (with or without sound as an integral documentation component) of an actual event made for purposes of evaluation. Typically, technical documentation contributes to the study of human or 340 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 mechanical factors, procedures, and processes in the fields of medicine, science, logistics, research, development, test and evaluation, intelligence, investigations, and armament delivery. Also called TECDOC. (JP 3-61) technical escort — An individual technically qualified and properly equipped to accompany designated material requiring a high degree of safety or security during shipment. technical evaluation — The study and investigations by a developing agency to determine the technical suitability of material, equipment, or a system for use in the Military Services. technical information — Information, including scientific information, that relates to research, development, engineering, test, evaluation, production, operation, use, and maintenance of munitions and other military supplies and equipment. technical intelligence — Intelligence derived from the collection, processing, analysis, and exploitation of data and information pertaining to foreign equipment and materiel for the purposes of preventing technological surprise, assessing foreign scientific and technical capabilities, and developing countermeasures designed to neutralize an adversary’s technological advantages. Also called TECHINT. See also exploitation; intelligence. (JP 2-0) technical operational intelligence — A Defense Intelligence Agency initiative to provide enhanced scientific and technical intelligence to the commanders of unified commands and their subordinates through a closed loop system involving all Service and Defense Intelligence Agency scientific and technical intelligence centers. Through a system manager in the National Military Joint Intelligence Center, the technical operational intelligence program provides timely collection, analysis, and dissemination of area of responsibility-specific scientific and technical intelligence to combatant commanders and their subordinates for planning, training, and executing joint operations. Also called TOPINT. (JP 2-0) technical review authority — The organization tasked to provide specialized technical or administrative expertise to the primary review authority or coordinating review authority for joint publications. Also called TRA. See also coordinating review authority; joint publication; primary review authority. (CJCSI 5120.02) technical surveillance countermeasures — Techniques and measures to detect and neutralize a wide variety of hostile penetration technologies that are used to obtain unauthorized access to classified and sensitive information. Technical penetrations include the employment of optical, electro-optical, electromagnetic, fluidic, and acoustic means as the sensor and transmission medium, or the use of various types of stimulation or modification to equipment or building components for the direct or indirect transmission of information meant to be protected. Also called TSCM. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) JP 1-02 341 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 techniques — Non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks. See also procedures; tactics. (CJCSI 5120.02) telecommunications — Any transmission, emission, or reception of signs, signals, writings, images, sounds, or information of any nature by wire, radio, visual, or other electromagnetic systems. (JP 6-0) telemedicine — Rapid access to shared and remote medical expertise by means of telecommunications and information technologies to deliver health services and exchange health information for the purpose of improving patient care. (JP 4-02) temperature gradient — At sea, a temperature gradient is the change of temperature with depth; a positive gradient is a temperature increase with an increase in depth, and a negative gradient is a temperature decrease with an increase in depth. tempest — An unclassified term referring to technical investigations for compromising emanations from electrically operated information processing equipment; these investigations are conducted in support of emanations and emissions security. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) temporary interment — A site for the purpose of: a. the interment of the remains if the circumstances permit; or b. the reburial of remains exhumed from an emergency interment. See also mortuary affairs. (JP 4-06) terminal — A facility designed to transfer cargo from one means of conveyance to another. (Conveyance is the piece of equipment used to transport cargo; i.e., railcar to truck or truck to truck. This is as opposed to mode, which is the type of equipment; i.e., ship to rail, rail to truck.) See also facility. (JP 4-01.6) terminal attack control — The authority to control the maneuver of and grant weapons release clearance to attacking aircraft. See also joint terminal attack controller. (JP 3-09.3) terminal clearance capacity — The amount of cargo or personnel that can be moved through and out of a terminal on a daily basis. terminal control — 1. The authority to direct aircraft to maneuver into a position to deliver ordnance, passengers, or cargo to a specific location or target. Terminal control is a type of air control. 2. Any electronic, mechanical, or visual control given to aircraft to facilitate target acquisition and resolution. See also terminal guidance. (JP 3-09.3) terminal control area — A control area or portion thereof normally situated at the confluence of air traffic service routes in the vicinity of one or more major airfields. See also control area; controlled airspace; control zone. (JP 3-52) 342 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 terminal guidance — 1. The guidance applied to a guided missile between midcourse guidance and arrival in the vicinity of the target. 2. Electronic, mechanical, visual, or other assistance given an aircraft pilot to facilitate arrival at, operation within or over, landing upon, or departure from an air landing or airdrop facility. See also terminal control. (JP 3-03) terminal guidance operations — Those actions that provide electronic, mechanical, voice or visual communications that provide approaching aircraft and/or weapons additional information regarding a specific target location. Also called TGO. (JP 3-09) terminal operations — The reception, processing, and staging of passengers; the receipt, transit, storage, and marshalling of cargo; the loading and unloading of modes of transport conveyances; and the manifesting and forwarding of cargo and passengers to destination. See also operation; terminal. (JP 4-01.5) terminal phase — That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile that begins when the warhead or payload reenters the atmosphere and ends when the warhead or payload detonates or impacts. For ballistic missiles that do not exit the atmosphere, terminal phase begins when the warhead or payload reaches apogee and ends when the warhead or payload detonates or impacts. See also boost phase; midcourse phase. (JP 3-01) termination criteria — The specified standards approved by the President and/or the Secretary of Defense that must be met before a joint operation can be concluded. (JP 3-0) terms of reference — 1. A mutual agreement under which a command, element, or unit exercises authority or undertakes specific missions or tasks relative to another command, element, or unit. 2. The directive providing the legitimacy and authority to undertake a mission, task, or endeavor. Also called TORs. (JP 3-0) terrain analysis — (*) The collection, analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of geographic information on the natural and manmade features of the terrain, combined with other relevant factors, to predict the effect of the terrain on military operations. terrain avoidance system — (*) A system which provides the pilot or navigator of an aircraft with a situation display of the ground or obstacles which project above either a horizontal plane through the aircraft or a plane parallel to it, so that the pilot can maneuver the aircraft to avoid the obstruction. terrain flight — (*) Flight close to the Earth’s surface during which airspeed, height, and/or altitude are adapted to the contours and cover of the ground in order to avoid enemy detection and fire. Also called TERF. terrain following system — (*) A system which provides the pilot or autopilot of an aircraft with climb or dive signals such that the aircraft will maintain as closely as JP 1-02 343 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 possible a selected height above a ground contour in a vertical plane through the flight vector. terrain intelligence — Intelligence on the military significance of natural and man-made characteristics of an area. (JP 3-15) terrestrial environment — The Earth’s land area, including its man-made and natural surface and sub-surface features, and its interfaces and interactions with the atmosphere and the oceans. (JP 3-14) territorial airspace — Airspace above land territory, internal waters, archipelagic waters, and territorial seas. territorial sea — A belt of ocean space adjacent to and measured from the coastal state’s baseline to a maximum width of 12 nm. Throughout the vertical and horizontal planes of the territorial sea, the coastal state exercises sovereign jurisdiction, subject to the right of innocent passage of vessels on the surface and the right of transit passage in, under, and over international straits. Territorial sea areas that are a continuation of sea lanes through archipelagoes are subject to archipelagic sealane passage, with the same transit rights as those that apply to international straits. terrorism — The unlawful use of violence or threat of violence to instill fear and coerce governments or societies. Terrorism is often motivated by religious, political, or other ideological beliefs and committed in the pursuit of goals that are usually political. See also antiterrorism; combating terrorism; counterterrorism; force protection condition. (JP 3-07.2) terrorist threat level — An intelligence threat assessment of the level of terrorist threat faced by US personnel and interests in a foreign country. The assessment is based on a continuous intelligence analysis of a minimum of five elements: terrorist group existence, capability, history, trends, and targeting. There are four threat levels: LOW, MODERATE, SIGNIFICANT, and HIGH. Threat levels should not be confused with force protection conditions. Threat level assessments are provided to senior leaders to assist them in determining the appropriate local force protection condition. (The Department of State also makes threat assessments, which may differ from those determined by Department of Defense.) (JP 3-07.2) theater — The geographical area for which a commander of a geographic combatant command has been assigned responsibility. (JP 1) theater antisubmarine warfare commander — A Navy commander assigned to develop plans and direct assigned and attached assets for the conduct of antisubmarine warfare within an operational area. Normally designated as a task force or task group commander and responsible to a Navy component commander or joint force maritime component commander. Also called TASWC. (JP 3-32) 344 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 theater-assigned transportation assets — Transportation assets that are assigned under the combatant command (command authority) of a geographic combatant commander. See also combatant command (command authority); single manager for transportation. (JP 4-01) theater detainee reporting center — The field operating agency of the national detainee reporting center. It is the central tracing agency within the theater, responsible for maintaining information on all detainees and their personal property within a theater of operations or assigned area of operations. Also called TDRC. (JP 3-63) theater distribution — The flow of personnel, equipment, and materiel within theater to meet the geographic combatant commander’s missions. See also distribution; theater; theater distribution system. (JP 4-09) theater distribution system — A distribution system comprised of four independent and mutually supported networks within theater to meet the geographic combatant commander’s requirements: the physical network; the financial network; the information network; and the communications network. See also distribution; distribution plan; distribution system; theater; theater distribution. (JP 4-01) theater event system — Architecture for reporting theater ballistic missile events, composed of three independent processing and reporting elements: the joint tactical ground stations, tactical detection and reporting, and the space-based infrared system mission control station. Also called TES. (JP 3-14) theater hospitalization capability — Essential care and health service support capabilities to either return the patient to duty and/or stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation to a definitive care facility outside the theater. It includes modular hospital configurations required to support the theater (emergency medical services, surgical services, primary care, veterinary services, dental services, preventive medicine, and combat and operational stress control, blood banking services, hospitalization, laboratory and pharmacy services, radiology, medical logistics and other medical specialty capabilities as required). (JP 4-02) theater missile — A missile, which may be a ballistic missile, a cruise missile, or an air-tosurface missile (not including short-range, non-nuclear, direct fire missiles, bombs, or rockets such as Maverick or wire-guided missiles), whose target is within a given theater of operation. Also called TM. (JP 3-01) theater of operations — An operational area defined by the geographic combatant commander for the conduct or support of specific military operations. Also called TO. See also theater of war. (JP 3-0) theater of war — Defined by the President, Secretary of Defense, or the geographic combatant commander as the area of air, land, and water that is, or may become, JP 1-02 345 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 directly involved in the conduct of major operations and campaigns involving combat. See also area of responsibility; theater of operations. (JP 3-0) theater patient movement requirements center — The activity responsible for intratheater patient movement management (medical regulating and aeromedical evacuation scheduling), the development of theater-level patient movement plans and schedules, the monitoring and execution in concert with the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center. Also called TPMRC. (JP 4-02) theater special operations command — A subordinate unified command established by a combatant commander to plan, coordinate, conduct, and support joint special operations. Also called TSOC. See also special operations. (JP 3-05) theater strategy — An overarching construct outlining a combatant commander’s vision for integrating and synchronizing military activities and operations with the other instruments of national power in order to achieve national strategic objectives. See also National Military Strategy; National Security Strategy; strategy. (JP 3-0) theater support contract — A type of contingency contract that is awarded by contracting officers in the operational area serving under the direct contracting authority of the Service component, special operations force command, or designated joint head of contracting activity for the designated contingency operation. See also external support contract; systems support contract. (JP 4-10) thermal crossover — The natural phenomenon that normally occurs twice daily when temperature conditions are such that there is a loss of contrast between two adjacent objects on infrared imagery. (JP 3-09.3) thermal energy — The energy emitted from the fireball as thermal radiation. The total amount of thermal energy received per unit area at a specified distance from a nuclear explosion is generally expressed in terms of calories per square centimeter. thermal exposure — The total normal component of thermal radiation striking a given surface throughout the course of a detonation; expressed in calories per square centimeter or megajoules per square meter. thermal imagery — (*) Imagery produced by sensing and recording the thermal energy emitted or reflected from the objects which are imaged. thermal radiation — (*) 1. The heat and light produced by a nuclear explosion. 2. (DOD only) Electromagnetic radiations emitted from a heat or light source as a consequence of its temperature; it consists essentially of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiations. thermal X-rays — (*) The electromagnetic radiation, mainly in the soft (low-energy) Xray region, emitted by the debris of a nuclear weapon by virtue of its extremely high temperature. 346 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 thorough decontamination — Decontamination carried out by a unit, with or without external support, to reduce contamination on personnel, equipment, materiel, and/or working areas equal to natural background or to the lowest possible levels, to permit the partial or total removal of individual protective equipment and to maintain operations with minimum degradation. This may include terrain decontamination beyond the scope of operational decontamination. See also immediate decontamination; operational decontamination. (JP 3-11) threat analysis — In antiterrorism, a continual process of compiling and examining all available information concerning potential terrorist activities by terrorist groups which could target a facility. A threat analysis will review the factors of a terrorist group’s existence, capability, intentions, history, and targeting, as well as the security environment within which friendly forces operate. Threat analysis is an essential step in identifying probability of terrorist attack and results in a threat assessment. See also antiterrorism. (JP 3-07.2) threat and vulnerability assessment — In antiterrorism, the pairing of a facility’s threat analysis and vulnerability analysis. See also antiterrorism. (JP 3-07.2) threat assessment — In antiterrorism, examining the capabilities, intentions, and activities, past and present, of terrorist organizations as well as the security environment within which friendly forces operate to determine the level of threat. Also called TA. (JP 3-07.2) threat reduction cooperation — Activities undertaken with the consent and cooperation of host nation authorities in a permissive environment to enhance physical security, and to reduce, dismantle, redirect, and/or improve protection of a state’s existing weapons of mass destruction program, stockpiles, and capabilities. Also called TRC. (JP 3-40) threat warning — The urgent communication and acknowledgement of time-critical information essential for the preservation of life and/or vital resources. (JP 2-01) throughput — 1. In transportation, the average quantity of cargo and passengers that can pass through a port on a daily basis from arrival at the port to loading onto a ship or plane, or from the discharge from a ship or plane to the exit (clearance) from the port complex. Throughput is usually expressed in measurement tons, short tons, or passengers. Reception and storage limitation may affect final throughput. 2. In patient movement and care, the maximum number of patients (stable or stabilized) by category, that can be received at the airport, staged, transported, and received at the proper hospital within any 24-hour period. (JP 4-02) time-definite delivery — The consistent delivery of requested logistic support at a time and destination specified by the receiving activity. See also logistic support. Also called TDD. (JP 4-09) JP 1-02 347 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 time of flight — In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, the time in seconds from the instant a weapon is fired, launched, or released from the delivery vehicle or weapons system to the instant it strikes or detonates. time on target — The actual time at which munitions impact the target. Also called TOT. (JP 3-09.3) time-phased force and deployment data — The time-phased force data, non-unit-related cargo and personnel data, and movement data for the operation plan or operation order or ongoing rotation of forces. Also called TPFDD. See also time-phased force and deployment list. (JP 5-0) time-phased force and deployment list — Appendix 1 to Annex A of the operation plan. It identifies types and/or actual units required to support the operation plan and indicates origin and ports of debarkation or ocean area. It may also be generated as a computer listing from the time-phased force and deployment data. Also called TPFDL. See also Joint Operation Planning and Execution System; time-phased force and deployment data. (JP 4-05) times — The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff coordinates the proposed dates and times with the commanders of the appropriate unified and specified commands, as well as any recommended changes to when specified operations are to occur (C-, D-, M-days end at 2400 hours Universal Time [Zulu time] and are assumed to be 24 hours long for planning). (JP 5-0) time-sensitive target — A joint force commander designated target requiring immediate response because it is a highly lucrative, fleeting target of opportunity or it poses (or will soon pose) a danger to friendly forces. Also called TST. (JP 3-60) time to target — The number of minutes and seconds to elapse before aircraft ordnance impacts on target. Also called TTT. (JP 3-09.3) tophandler — A device specially designed to permit the lifting and handling of containers from the top with rough terrain container handlers. See also container. (JP 4-01.6) topography — The configuration of the ground to include its relief and all features. Topography addresses both dry land and the sea floor (underwater topography). (JP 4-01.6) top secret — See security classification. torture — As defined by Title 18, US Code, Section 2340, it is any act committed by a person acting under color of law specifically intended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering (other than pain or suffering incidental to lawful sanctions) upon another person within his custody or physical control. “Severe mental pain or suffering” means the prolonged mental harm caused by or resulting from: (a) the intentional infliction or threatened infliction of severe physical pain or suffering; (b) the 348 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 administration or application, or threatened administration or application, of mindaltering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or personality; (c) the threat of imminent death; or (d) the threat that another person will imminently be subjected to death, severe physical pain or suffering, or the administration or application of mind-altering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or personality. (JP 2-01.2) toss bombing — A method of bombing where an aircraft flies on a line towards the target, pulls up in a vertical plane, releasing the bomb at an angle that will compensate for the effect of gravity drop on the bomb. Similar to loft bombing; unrestricted as to altitude. See also loft bombing. total materiel requirement — The sum of the peacetime force material requirement and the war reserve material requirement. total mobilization — See mobilization. toxic chemical, biological, or radiological attack — An attack directed at personnel, animals, or crops, using injurious agents of chemical, biological, or radiological origin. toxic industrial biological — Any biological material manufactured, used, transported, or stored by industrial, medical, or commercial processes which could pose an infectious or toxic threat. Also called TIB. (JP 3-11) toxic industrial chemical — A chemical developed or manufactured for use in industrial operations or research by industry, government, or academia. For example: pesticides, petrochemicals, fertilizers, corrosives, poisons, etc. These chemicals are not primarily manufactured for the specific purpose of producing human casualties or rendering equipment, facilities, or areas dangerous for human use. Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and chloropicrin are industrial chemicals that also can be military chemical agents. Also called TIC. (JP 3-11) toxic industrial material — A generic term for toxic or radioactive substances in solid, liquid, aerosolized, or gaseous form that may be used, or stored for use, for industrial, commercial, medical, military, or domestic purposes. Toxic industrial material may be chemical, biological, or radioactive and described as toxic industrial chemical, toxic industrial biological, or toxic industrial radiological. Also called TIM. (JP 3-11) toxic industrial radiological — Any radiological material manufactured, used, transported, or stored by industrial, medical, or commercial processes. For example: spent fuel rods, medical sources, etc. Also called TIR. (JP 3-11) toxin — Poisonous substances that may be produced naturally (by bacteria, plants, fungi, snakes, insects, and other living organisms) or synthetically. (JP 3-11) JP 1-02 349 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 track — 1. A series of related contacts displayed on a data display console or other display device. 2. To display or record the successive positions of a moving object. 3. To lock onto a point of radiation and obtain guidance therefrom. 4. To keep a gun properly aimed, or to point continuously a target-locating instrument at a moving target. 5. The actual path of an aircraft above or a ship on the surface of the Earth. The course is the path that is planned; the track is the path that is actually taken. 6. One of the two endless belts on which a full-track or half-track vehicle runs. 7. A metal part forming a path for a moving object; e.g., the track around the inside of a vehicle for moving a mounted machine gun. track correlation — Correlating track information for identification purposes using all available data. tracking — Precise and continuous position-finding of targets by radar, optical, or other means. (JP 3-07.4) track management — Defined set of procedures whereby the commander ensures accurate friendly and enemy unit and/or platform locations, and a dissemination procedure for filtering, combining, and passing that information to higher, adjacent, and subordinate commanders. track of interest — In counterdrug operations, contacts that meet the initial sorting criteria applicable in the area where the contacts are detected. Also called TOI. See also suspect. (JP 3-07.4) track production area — (*) An area in which tracks are produced by one radar station. track telling — The process of communicating air surveillance and tactical data information between command and control systems or between facilities within the systems. Telling may be classified into the following types: back tell; cross tell; forward tell; lateral tell; overlap tell; and relateral tell. tradecraft — Specialized methods and equipment used in the organization and activity of intelligence organizations, especially techniques and methods for handling communications with agents. Operational practices and skills used in the performance of intelligence related duties. (JP 2-01.2) trafficability — Capability of terrain to bear traffic. It refers to the extent to which the terrain will permit continued movement of any or all types of traffic. traffic density — (*) The average number of vehicles that occupy one mile or one kilometer of road space, expressed in vehicles per mile or per kilometer. traffic flow security — The protection resulting from features, inherent in some cryptoequipment, that conceal the presence of valid messages on a communications circuit, normally achieved by causing the circuit to appear busy at all times. 350 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 traffic management — The direction, control, and supervision of all functions incident to the procurement and use of freight and passenger transportation services. (JP 4-09) traffic pattern — The traffic flow that is prescribed for aircraft landing at, taxiing on, and taking off from an airport. The usual components of a traffic pattern are upwind leg, crosswind leg, downwind leg, base leg, and final approach. training aids — Any item developed or procured with the primary intent that it shall assist in training and the process of learning. training and readiness oversight — The authority that combatant commanders may exercise over assigned Reserve Component forces when not on active duty or when on active duty for training. As a matter of Department of Defense policy, this authority includes: a. Providing guidance to Service component commanders on operational requirements and priorities to be addressed in Military Department training and readiness programs; b. Commenting on Service component program recommendations and budget requests; c. Coordinating and approving participation by assigned Reserve Component forces in joint exercises and other joint training when on active duty for training or performing inactive duty for training; d. Obtaining and reviewing readiness and inspection reports on assigned Reserve Component forces; and e. Coordinating and reviewing mobilization plans (including post-mobilization training activities and deployability validation procedures) developed for assigned Reserve Component forces. Also called TRO. See also combatant commander. (JP 1) training pipeline — A Reserve Component category designation that identifies untrained officer and enlisted personnel who have not completed initial active duty for training of 12 weeks or its equivalent. training unit — A unit established to provide military training to individual reservists or to Reserve Component units. (JP 4-05) transient — 1. Personnel, ships, or craft stopping temporarily at a post, station, or port to which they are not assigned or attached, and having destination elsewhere. 2. An independent merchant ship calling at a port and sailing within 12 hours, and for which routing instructions to a further port have been promulgated. 3. An individual awaiting orders, transport, etc., at a post or station to which he or she is not attached or assigned. transient forces — Forces that pass or stage through, or base temporarily within, the operational area of another command but are not under its operational control. See also force; transient. (JP 1) transit area — See staging area. transit route — A sea route which crosses open waters normally joining two coastal routes. (JP 3-07.4) JP 1-02 351 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 transit zone — The path taken by either airborne or seaborne smugglers. Zone can include transfer operations to another carrier (airdrop, at-sea transfer, etc.). See also arrival zone. (JP 3-07.4) transmission security — The component of communications security that results from all measures designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than cryptanalysis. See also communications security. (JP 6-0) transnational threat — Any activity, individual, or group not tied to a particular country or region that operates across international boundaries and threatens United States national security or interests. (JP 3-26) transportability — The capability of material to be moved by towing, self-propulsion, or carrier via any means, such as railways, highways, waterways, pipelines, oceans, and airways. transport area — In amphibious operations, an area assigned to a transport organization for the purpose of debarking troops and equipment. See also inner transport area; outer transport area. (JP 3-02) transportation closure — The actual arrival date of a specified movement requirement at port of debarkation. transportation component command — The three component commands of United States Transportation Command: Air Force Air Mobility Command, Navy Military Sealift Command, and Army Surface Deployment and Distribution Command. Each transportation component command remains a major command of its parent Service and continues to organize, train, and equip its forces as specified by law. Each transportation component command also continues to perform Service-unique missions. Also called TCC. See also United States Transportation Command. (JP 4-01.6) transportation emergency — A situation created by a shortage of normal transportation capability and of a magnitude sufficient to frustrate military movement requirements, and which requires extraordinary action by the President or other designated authority to ensure continued movement of essential Department of Defense traffic. transportation feasibility — A determination that the capability exists to move forces, equipment, and supplies from the point of origin to the final destination within the time required. See also operation plan. (JP 4-09) transportation feasible — A determination made by the supported commander that a draft operation plan can be supported with the apportioned transportation assets. (JP 5-0) 352 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 transportation movement requirement — The need for transport of units, personnel, or materiel from a specified origin to a specified destination within a specified timeframe. (JP 4-01) transportation operating agencies — Those Federal agencies having responsibilities under national emergency conditions for the operational direction of one or more forms of transportation. transportation priorities — Indicators assigned to eligible traffic that establish its movement precedence. Appropriate priority systems apply to the movement of traffic by sea and air. In times of emergency, priorities may be applicable to continental United States movements by land, water, or air. (JP 4-09) transportation system — All the land, water, and air routes and transportation assets engaged in the movement of US forces and their supplies across the range of military operations, involving both mature and immature theaters and at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels of war. (JP 4-0) transport group — An element that directly deploys and supports the landing of the landing force, and is functionally designated as a transport group in the amphibious task force organization. A transport group provides for the embarkation, movement to the objective, landing, and logistic support of the landing force. Transport groups comprise all sealift and airlift in which the landing force is embarked. They are categorized as follows: a. airlifted groups; b. Navy amphibious ship transport groups; and c. strategic sealift shipping groups. (JP 3-02) transporting (ordnance) — The movement or repositioning of ordnance or explosive devices along established explosive routes (does not apply to the aircraft flight line). See also ordnance. (JP 3-04) transshipment point — (*) A location where material is transferred between vehicles. traverse level — (*) That vertical displacement above low-level air defense systems, expressed both as a height and altitude, at which aircraft can cross the area. trim — The difference in draft at the bow and stern of a vessel or the manner in which a vessel floats in the water based on the distribution of cargo, stores and ballast aboard the vessel. See also draft; watercraft. (JP 4-01.6) troop space cargo — Cargo such as sea or barracks bags, bedding rolls or hammocks, locker trunks, and office equipment, normally stowed in an accessible place. This cargo will also include normal hand-carried combat equipment and weapons to be carried ashore by the assault troops. turnaround — (*) The length of time between arriving at a point and being ready to depart from that point. It is used in this sense for the loading, unloading, re-fueling, and JP 1-02 353 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 re-arming, where appropriate, of vehicles, aircraft, and ships. See also turnaround cycle. turnaround cycle — (*) A term used in conjunction with vehicles, ships, and aircraft, and comprising the following: loading time at departure point; time to and from destination; unloading and loading time at destination; unloading time at returning point; planned maintenance time; and, where applicable, time awaiting facilities. See also turnaround. turning movement — A variation of the envelopment in which the attacking force passes around or over the enemy’s principal defensive positions to secure objectives deep in the enemy’s rear to force the enemy to abandon his position or divert major forces to meet the threat. (JP 3-06) two-person rule — A system designed to prohibit access by an individual to nuclear weapons and certain designated components by requiring the presence at all times of at least two authorized persons, each capable of detecting incorrect or unauthorized procedures with respect to the task to be performed. types of burst — (*) See fallout safe height of burst; height of burst; nuclear exoatmospheric burst; nuclear proximity-surface burst. 354 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 U unaccounted for — An inclusive term (not a casualty status) applicable to personnel whose person or remains are not recovered or otherwise accounted for following hostile action. Commonly used when referring to personnel who are killed in action and whose bodies are not recovered. See also casualty; casualty category; casualty status; casualty type. unanticipated target — A target of opportunity that was unknown or not expected to exist in the operational environment. See also target of opportunity. See also operational area; target; target of opportunity. (JP 3-60) unauthorized commitment — An agreement that is not binding solely because the United States Government representative who made it lacked the authority to enter into that agreement on behalf of the Unites States Government. See also ratification. (JP 4-10) uncertain environment — Operational environment in which host government forces, whether opposed to or receptive to operations that a unit intends to conduct, do not have totally effective control of the territory and population in the intended operational area. (JP 3-0) unconventional assisted recovery — Nonconventional assisted recovery conducted by special operations forces. Also called UAR. See also authenticate; evader; recovery. (JP 3-50) unconventional assisted recovery coordination cell — A compartmented special operations forces facility, established by the joint force special operations component commander, staffed on a continuous basis by supervisory personnel and tactical planners to coordinate, synchronize, and de-conflict nonconventional assisted recovery operations within the operational area assigned to the joint force commander. Also called UARCC. See also joint operations center; joint personnel recovery center; special operations forces; unconventional assisted recovery. (JP 3-50) unconventional assisted recovery mechanism — A recovery mechanism developed and managed by special operations forces. Also called UARM. See also recovery; unconventional assisted recovery. (JP 3-50) unconventional assisted recovery team — A designated special operations forces unconventional warfare ground or maritime force capable of conducting unconventional assisted recovery with indigenous or surrogate forces. Also called UART. (JP 3-50) unconventional warfare — Activities conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow a government or occupying power by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary, and guerrilla force in a denied area. Also called UW. (JP 3-05) undersea warfare — Operations conducted to establish and maintain control of the underwater environment by denying an opposing force the effective use of underwater JP 1-02 355 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 systems and weapons. It includes offensive and defensive submarine, antisubmarine, and mine warfare operations. Also called USW. See also antisubmarine warfare; mine warfare. (JP 3-32) underwater demolition — The destruction or neutralization of underwater obstacles that is normally accomplished by underwater demolition teams. (JP 3-34) underwater demolition team — A group of officers and enlisted specially trained and equipped to accomplish the destruction or neutralization of underwater obstacles and associated tasks. Also called UDT. (JP 3-34) underway replenishment — See replenishment at sea. underway replenishment force — (*) A task force of fleet auxiliaries (consisting of oilers, ammunition ships, stores issue ships, etc.) adequately protected by escorts furnished by the responsible operational commander. The function of this force is to provide underway logistic support for naval forces. See also force. underway replenishment group — A task group configured to provide logistic replenishment of ships underway by transfer-at-sea methods. unexploded explosive ordnance — Explosive ordnance which has been primed, fused, armed or otherwise prepared for action, and which has been fired, dropped, launched, projected, or placed in such a manner as to constitute a hazard to operations, installations, personnel, or material and remains unexploded either by malfunction or design or for any other cause. Also called UXO. See also explosive ordnance. (JP 3-15) unified action — The synchronization, coordination, and/or integration of the activities of governmental and nongovernmental entities with military operations to achieve unity of effort. (JP 1) unified combatant command — See unified command. (JP 1) unified command — A command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander and composed of significant assigned components of two or more Military Departments that is established and so designated by the President, through the Secretary of Defense with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Also called unified combatant command. See also combatant command; subordinate unified command. (JP 1) Unified Command Plan — The document, approved by the President, that sets forth basic guidance to all unified combatant commanders; establishes their missions, responsibilities, and force structure; delineates the general geographical area of responsibility for geographic combatant commanders; and specifies functional responsibilities for functional combatant commanders. Also called UCP. See also combatant command; combatant commander. (JP 1) 356 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 uniformed services — The Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Public Health Services. See also Military Department; Military Service. (JP 1-0) unit — 1. Any military element whose structure is prescribed by competent authority, such as a table of organization and equipment; specifically, part of an organization. 2. An organization title of a subdivision of a group in a task force. 3. A standard or basic quantity into which an item of supply is divided, issued, or used. In this meaning, also called unit of issue. 4. With regard to Reserve Components of the Armed Forces, denotes a Selected Reserve unit organized, equipped, and trained for mobilization to serve on active duty as a unit or to augment or be augmented by another unit. Headquarters and support functions without wartime missions are not considered units. unit aircraft — Those aircraft provided an aircraft unit for the performance of a flying mission. United States — Includes the land area, internal waters, territorial sea, and airspace of the United States, including the following: a. US territories, possessions, and commonwealths; and b. Other areas over which the US Government has complete jurisdiction and control or has exclusive authority or defense responsibility. United States Armed Forces — Used to denote collectively only the regular components of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. See also Armed Forces of the United States. United States controlled shipping — That shipping under US flag and selected ships under foreign flag considered to be under “effective US control,” i.e., that can reasonably be expected to be made available to the United States in time of national emergency. See also effective US controlled ships. United States message text format — A program designed to enhance joint and combined combat effectiveness through standardization of message formats, data elements, and information exchange procedures. Standard message formats with standard information content provides all tactical commanders at the joint interface with a common playing field and a common language. Also called USMTF. United States Naval Ship — A public vessel of the United States that is in the custody of the Navy and is: a. Operated by the Military Sealift Command and manned by a civil service crew; or b. Operated by a commercial company under contract to the Military Sealift Command and manned by a merchant marine crew. Also called USNS. See also Military Sealift Command. (JP 3-02.2) United States Signals Intelligence System — The unified organization of signals intelligence activities under the direction of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service. It consists of the National Security Agency/Central Security Service, the components of the Military Services authorized to JP 1-02 357 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 conduct signals intelligence, and such other entities (other than the Federal Bureau of Investigation) authorized by the National Security Council or the Secretary of Defense to conduct signals intelligence activities. Also called USSS. See also counterintelligence. (JP 2-01.2) United States Transportation Command — The unified command with the mission to provide strategic air, land, and sea transportation and common-user port management for the Department of Defense across the range of military operations. Also called USTRANSCOM. See also global transportation network; single port manager; transportation component command; unified command. (JP 4-01) unit identification code — A six-character, alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies each Active, Reserve, and National Guard unit of the Armed Forces. Also called UIC. (JP 1-0) unitized load — A single item or a number of items packaged, packed, or arranged in a specified manner and capable of being handled as a unit. Unitization may be accomplished by placing the item or items in a container or by banding them securely together. See also palletized unit load. (ALPHA) unit line number — A seven-character alphanumeric code that describes a unique increment of a unit deployment, i.e., advance party, main body, equipment by sea and air, reception team, or trail party, in a Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data. Also called ULN. unit loading — (*) The loading of troop units with their equipment and supplies in the same vessels, aircraft, or land vehicles. unit movement control center — A temporary organization activated by major subordinate commands and subordinate units during deployment to control and manage marshalling and movement. Also called UMCC. See also deployment; marshaling; unit. (JP 3-35) unit of issue — In its special storage meaning, refers to the quantity of an item; as each number, dozen, gallon, pair, pound, ream, set, yard. Usually termed unit of issue to distinguish from “unit price.” See also unit. unit movement data — A unit equipment and/or supply listing containing corresponding transportability data. Tailored unit movement data has been modified to reflect a specific movement requirement. Also called UMD. unit personnel and tonnage table — A table included in the loading plan of a combatloaded ship as a recapitulation of totals of personnel and cargo by type, listing cubic measurements and weight. Also called UP&TT. (3-02.1) unit type code — A Joint Chiefs of Staff developed and assigned code, consisting of five characters that uniquely identify a “type unit.” 358 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 unity of command — The operation of all forces under a single responsible commander who has the requisite authority to direct and employ those forces in pursuit of a common purpose. (JP 3-0) unity of effort — Coordination and cooperation toward common objectives, even if the participants are not necessarily part of the same command or organization - the product of successful unified action. (JP 1) Universal Joint Task List — A menu of capabilities (mission-derived tasks with associated conditions and standards, i.e., the tools) that may be selected by a joint force commander to accomplish the assigned mission. Once identified as essential to mission accomplishment, the tasks are reflected within the command joint mission essential task list. Also called UJTL. (JP 3-33) universal polar stereographic grid — A military grid prescribed for joint use in operations in limited areas and used for operations requiring precise position reporting. It covers areas between the 80 degree parallels and the poles. Universal Time — A measure of time that conforms, within a close approximation, to the mean diurnal rotation of the Earth and serves as the basis of civil timekeeping. Also called ZULU time. (Formerly called Greenwich Mean Time.) (JP 5-0) unknown — 1. A code meaning “information not available.” 2. An unidentified target. An aircraft or ship that has not been determined to be hostile, friendly, or neutral using identification friend or foe and other techniques, but that must be tracked by air defense or naval engagement systems. 3. An identity applied to an evaluated track that has not been identified. See also assumed friend; friend; neutral; suspect. unmanned aircraft — An aircraft or balloon that does not carry a human operator and is capable of flight under remote control or autonomous programming. Also called UA. (JP 3-52) unmanned aircraft system — That system whose components include the necessary equipment, network, and personnel to control an unmanned aircraft. Also called UAS. (JP 3-52) unplanned target — A target of opportunity that is known to exist in the operational environment. See also operational area; target; target of opportunity. (JP 3-60) unrestricted reporting — A process that a Service member uses to disclose, without requesting confidentiality or restricted reporting, that he or she is the victim of a sexual assault. (JP 1-0) unstable patient — A patient whose physiological status is in fluctuation. Emergent, treatment and/or surgical intervention are anticipated during the evacuation. An unstable patient’s rapidly changing status and requirements are beyond the standard en route care capability and requires medical/surgical augmentation. (JP 4-02) JP 1-02 359 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 unstuffing — The removal of cargo from a container. Also called stripping. (JP 4-09) urban triad — The three elements that compose the urban environment: complex manmade physical terrain, a population of significant size and density, and an infrastructure. See also infrastructure; joint urban operations. (JP 3-06) US commercial assets — US commercial aircraft, spacecraft, flag shipping, offshore, and land-based assets located landward of the outer limit of the continental shelf of the United States, its territories, and possessions, and excluding those privately owned oil rigs operating under foreign license in disputed offshore areas. use of force policy — Policy guidance issued by the Commandant, US Coast Guard, on the use of force and weapons. (JP 3-03) US forces — All Armed Forces (including the Coast Guard) of the United States, any person in the Armed Forces of the United States, and all equipment of any description that either belongs to the US Armed Forces or is being used (including Type I and II Military Sealift Command vessels), escorted, or conveyed by the US Armed Forces. US national — US citizen and US permanent and temporary legal resident aliens. US person — For intelligence purposes, a US person is defined as one of the following: (1) a US citizen; (2) an alien known by the intelligence agency concerned to be a permanent resident alien; (3) an unincorporated association substantially composed of US citizens or permanent resident aliens; or (4) a corporation incorporated in the United States, except for those directed and controlled by a foreign government or governments. (JP 2-01.2) US Transportation Command coordinating instructions — Instructions of the US Transportation Command that establish suspense dates for selected members of the joint planning and execution community to complete updates to the operation plan database. Instructions will ensure that the target date movement requirements will be validated and available for scheduling. 360 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 V validate — Execution procedure used by combatant command components, supporting combatant commanders, and providing organizations to confirm to the supported commander and United States Transportation Command that all the information records in a time-phased force and deployment data not only are error-free for automation purposes, but also accurately reflect the current status, attributes, and availability of units and requirements. (JP 5-0) validation — 1. A process associated with the collection and production of intelligence that confirms that an intelligence collection or production requirement is sufficiently important to justify the dedication of intelligence resources, does not duplicate an existing requirement, and has not been previously satisfied. (JP 2-01.2) 2. A part of target development that ensures all vetted targets meet the objectives and criteria outlined in the commander’s guidance and ensures compliance with the law of armed conflict and rules of engagement. (JP 3-60) 3. In computer modeling and simulation, the process of determining the degree to which a model or simulation is an accurate representation of the real world from the perspective of the intended uses of the model or simulation. (JP 3-35)_ 4. Execution procedure used by combatant command components, supporting combatant commanders, and providing organizations to confirm to the supported commander and United States Transportation Command that all the information records in a time-phased force and deployment data not only are error free for automation purposes, but also accurately reflect the current status, attributes, and availability of units and requirements. See also timephased force and deployment data; verification. (JP 3-35) variation — The angular difference between true and magnetic north. vehicle-borne improvised explosive device — A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner on a vehicle incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. Otherwise known as a car bomb. Also called VBIED. (JP 3-10) vehicle cargo — Wheeled or tracked equipment, including weapons, that require certain deck space, head room, and other definite clearance. vehicle summary and priority table — A table listing all vehicles by priority of debarkation from a combat-loaded ship. It includes the nomenclature, dimensions, square feet, cubic feet, weight, and stowage location of each vehicle; the cargo loaded in each vehicle; and the name of the unit to which the vehicle belongs. Also called VS&PT. (JP 3-02.1) verification — 1. In arms control, any action, including inspection, detection, and identification, taken to ascertain compliance with agreed measures. 2. In computer modeling and simulation, the process of determining that a model or simulation implementation accurately represents the developer’s conceptual description and specifications. See also configuration management; validation. JP 1-02 361 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 vertex height — See maximum ordinate. vertical and/or short takeoff and landing — Vertical and/or short takeoff and landing capability for aircraft. vertical envelopment — A tactical maneuver in which troops, either air-dropped or airlanded, attack the rear and flanks of a force, in effect cutting off or encircling the force. (JP 3-18) vertical landing zone — A specified ground area for landing vertical takeoff and landing aircraft to embark or disembark troops and/or cargo. A landing zone may contain one or more landing sites. Also called VLZ. See also landing zone; vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. (JP 3-02) vertical replenishment — The use of a helicopter for the transfer of materiel to or from a ship. Also called VERTREP. (JP 3-04) vertical stowage — A method of stowage in depth within a single compartment by which loaded items are continually accessible for unloading, and the unloading can be completed without corresponding changes or prior unloading of other cargo. (JP 3-02.1) vertical takeoff and landing aircraft — Fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters capable of taking off or landing vertically. Also called VTOL aircraft. See also vertical landing zone. (JP 3-02) very seriously ill or injured — The casualty status of a person whose illness or injury is classified by medical authority to be of such severity that life is imminently endangered. Also called VSII. See also casualty status. (JP 4-02) very small aperture terminal — Refers to a fixed satellite terminal whose antenna diameter typically does not exceed two meters. Also called VSAT. vesicant agent — See blister agent. (JP 3-11) vetting — A part of target development that assesses the accuracy of the supporting intelligence to targeting. (JP 3-60) visual information — Various visual media with or without sound. Generally, visual information includes still and motion photography, audio video recording, graphic arts, visual aids, models, display, and visual presentations. Also called VI. (JP 3-61) visual meteorological conditions — Weather conditions in which visual flight rules apply; expressed in terms of visibility, ceiling height, and aircraft clearance from clouds along the path of flight. When these criteria do not exist, instrument meteorological 362 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 conditions prevail and instrument flight rules must be complied with. Also called VMC. See also instrument meteorological conditions. (JP 3-04) Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement — An agreement that provides the Department of Defense with assured access to US flag assets, both vessel capacity and intermodal systems, to meet Department of Defense contingency requirements. Carriers contractually commit specified portions of their fleet to meet time-phased Department of Defense contingency requirements. Also called VISA. See also intermodal; intermodal systems. (JP 4-01.2) voluntary tanker agreement — An agreement established by the Maritime Administration to provide for US commercial tanker owners and operators to voluntarily make their vessels available to satisfy the Department of Defense needs. It is designed to meet contingency or war requirements for point-to-point petroleum, oils, and lubricants movements, and not to deal with capacity shortages in resupply operations. Also called VTA. (JP 4-01.2) vulnerability — 1. The susceptibility of a nation or military force to any action by any means through which its war potential or combat effectiveness may be reduced or its will to fight diminished. 2. The characteristics of a system that cause it to suffer a definite degradation (incapability to perform the designated mission) as a result of having been subjected to a certain level of effects in an unnatural (man-made) hostile environment. 3. In information operations, a weakness in information system security design, procedures, implementation, or internal controls that could be exploited to gain unauthorized access to information or an information system. See also information; information operations; information system. (JP 3-60) vulnerability assessment — A Department of Defense, command, or unit-level evaluation (assessment) to determine the vulnerability of a terrorist attack against an installation, unit, exercise, port, ship, residence, facility, or other site. Identifies areas of improvement to withstand, mitigate, or deter acts of violence or terrorism. Also called VA. (JP 3-07.2) vulnerable node — See target stress point. JP 1-02 363 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 364 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 W walk-in — An unsolicited contact who provides information. (JP 2-01.2) walking patient — A patient whose injuries and/or illness are relatively minor, permitting the patient to walk and not require a litter. See also litter; patient; slightly wounded. (JP 4-02) warden system — An informal method of communication used to pass information to US citizens during emergencies. See also noncombatant evacuation operations. (JP 3-68) warning — 1. A communication and acknowledgment of dangers implicit in a wide spectrum of activities by potential opponents ranging from routine defense measures to substantial increases in readiness and force preparedness and to acts of terrorism or political, economic, or military provocation. 2. Operating procedures, practices, or conditions that may result in injury or death if not carefully observed or followed. (JP 3-04) warning of attack — A warning to national policymakers that an adversary is not only preparing its armed forces for war, but intends to launch an attack in the near future. See also tactical warning; warning. warning order — 1. A preliminary notice of an order or action that is to follow. 2. A planning directive that initiates the development and evaluation of military courses of action by a supported commander and requests that the supported commander submit a commander’s estimate. 3. A planning directive that describes the situation, allocates forces and resources, establishes command relationships, provides other initial planning guidance, and initiates subordinate unit mission planning. Also called WARNORD. (JP 5-0) warning red — See air defense warning conditions. warning white — See air defense warning conditions. warning yellow — See air defense warning conditions. warp — To haul a ship ahead by line or anchor. (JP 4-01.6) war reserve materiel requirement — That portion of the war materiel requirement required to be on hand on D-day. This level consists of the war materiel requirement less the sum of the peacetime assets assumed to be available on D-day and the war materiel procurement capability. war reserves — (*) Stocks of materiel amassed in peacetime to meet the increase in military requirements consequent upon an outbreak of war. War reserves are intended to provide the interim support essential to sustain operations until resupply can be effected. JP 1-02 365 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 war reserve stock — That portion of total materiel assets designated to satisfy the war reserve materiel requirement. Also called WRS. See also reserve; war reserve materiel requirement; war reserves. (JP 2-03) wartime load — The maximum quantity of supplies of all kinds which a ship can carry. The composition of the load is prescribed by proper authority. wartime reserve modes — Characteristics and operating procedures of sensor, communications, navigation aids, threat recognition, weapons, and countermeasures systems that will contribute to military effectiveness if unknown to or misunderstood by opposing commanders before they are used, but could be exploited or neutralized if known in advance. Wartime reserve modes are deliberately held in reserve for wartime or emergency use and seldom, if ever, applied or intercepted prior to such use. Also called WARM. Washington Liaison Group — An interagency committee and/or joint monitoring body, chaired by the Department of State with representation from the Department of Defense, established to coordinate the preparation and implementation of plans for evacuation of United States citizens abroad in emergencies. Also called WLG. (JP 3-68) watercraft — Any vessel or craft designed specifically and only for movement on the surface of the water. (JP 4-01.6) waterspace management — The allocation of waterspace in terms of antisubmarine warfare attack procedures to permit the rapid and effective engagement of hostile submarines while preventing inadvertent attacks on friendly submarines. Also called WSM. (JP 3-32) water terminal — A facility for berthing ships simultaneously at piers, quays, and/or working anchorages, normally located within sheltered coastal waters adjacent to rail, highway, air, and/or inland water transportation networks. (JP 4-01.5) wave — A formation of forces, including ships, craft, amphibious vehicles or aircraft, required to beach or land about the same time. Waves can be classified by function: scheduled, on-call, or non-scheduled. Waves can also be classified by type of craft, e.g., assault, helicopter, or landing craft. (JP 3-02) wave crest — The highest part of a wave. See also wave. (JP 4-01.6) wave height — The vertical distance between trough and crest, usually expressed in feet. See also wave. (JP 4-01.6) wave length — The horizontal distance between successive wave crests measured perpendicular to the crest, usually expressed in feet. See also wave; wave crest. (JP 4-01.6) 366 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 wave period — The time it takes for two successive wave crests to pass a given point. See also wave; wave crest. (JP 4-01.6) wave trough — The lowest part of the wave between crests. See also wave. (JP 4-01.6) wave velocity — The speed at which a wave form advances across the sea, usually expressed in knots. See also wave. (JP 4-01.6) W-day — See times. weaponeering — The process of determining the quantity of a specific type of lethal or nonlethal weapons required to achieve a specific level of damage to a given target, considering target vulnerability, weapons characteristics and effects, and delivery parameters. (JP 3-60) weapon engagement zone — In air defense, airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with a particular weapon system. Also called WEZ. (JP 3-52) weapons free zone — An air defense zone established for the protection of key assets or facilities, other than air bases, where weapon systems may be fired at any target not positively recognized as friendly. (JP 3-52) weapons of mass destruction — Chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons capable of a high order of destruction or causing mass casualties and exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where such means is a separable and divisible part from the weapon. Also called WMD. See also special operations. (JP 3-40) weapons of mass destruction active defense — Active measures to defeat an attack with chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons by employing actions to divert, neutralize, or destroy those weapons or their means of delivery while en route to their target. Also called WMD active defense. (JP 3-40) weapons of mass destruction - civil support team — Joint National Guard (Army National Guard and Air National Guard) team established to deploy rapidly to assist a local incident commander in determining the nature and extent of a weapons of mass destruction attack or incident; provide expert technical advice on weapons of mass destruction response operations; and help identify and support the arrival of follow-on state and federal military response assets. Also called WMD-CST. (JP 3-28) weapons of mass destruction consequence management — Actions authorized by the Secretary of Defense to mitigate the effects of a weapon of mass destruction attack or event and, if necessary, provide temporary essential operations and services at home and abroad. Also called WMD CM. (JP 3-40) JP 1-02 367 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 weapons of mass destruction elimination — Actions undertaken in a hostile or uncertain environment to systematically locate, characterize, secure, and disable, or destroy weapons of mass destruction programs and related capabilities. Also called WMD elimination. (JP 3-40) weapons of mass destruction interdiction — Operations to track, intercept, search, divert, seize, or otherwise stop the transit of weapons of mass destruction, its delivery systems, or related materials, technologies, and expertise. Also called WMD interdiction. (JP 3-40) weapons of mass destruction offensive operations — Actions to disrupt, neutralize, or destroy a weapon of mass destruction threat before it can be used, or to deter subsequent use of such weapons. Also called WMD offensive operations. (JP 3-40) weapons of mass destruction security cooperation and partner activities — Activities to improve or promote defense relationships and capacity of allied and partner nations to execute or support the other military mission areas to combat weapons of mass destruction through military-to-military contact, burden sharing arrangements, combined military activities, and support to international activities. Also called WMD security cooperation. (JP 3-40) weapons readiness state — The degree of readiness of air defense weapons which can become airborne or be launched to carry out an assigned task. Weapons readiness states are expressed in numbers of weapons and numbers of minutes. Weapon readiness states are defined as follows: a. 2 minutes — Weapons can be launched within two minutes. b. 5 minutes — Weapons can be launched within five minutes. c. 15 minutes — Weapons can be launched within fifteen minutes. d. 30 minutes — Weapons can be launched within thirty minutes. e. 1 hour — Weapons can be launched within one hour. f. 3 hours — Weapons can be launched within three hours. g. released — Weapons are released from defense commitment for a specified period of time. weapon system — A combination of one or more weapons with all related equipment, materials, services, personnel, and means of delivery and deployment (if applicable) required for self-sufficiency. (JP 3-0) weather deck — A deck having no overhead protection; uppermost deck. (JP 4-01.6) wellness — Force health protection program that consolidates and incorporates physical and mental fitness, health promotion, and environmental and occupational health. See also force health protection. (JP 4-02) wharf — A structure built of open rather than solid construction along a shore or a bank that provides cargo-handling facilities. A similar facility of solid construction is called a quay. See also quay. (JP 4-01.5) 368 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 white cap — A small wave breaking offshore as a result of the action of strong winds. See also wave. (JP 4-01.6) winch — A hoisting machine used for loading and discharging cargo and stores or for hauling in lines. (JP 4-01.6) wing — 1. An Air Force unit composed normally of one primary mission group and the necessary supporting organizations, i.e., organizations designed to render supply, maintenance, hospitalization, and other services required by the primary mission groups. Primary mission groups may be functional, such as combat, training, transport, or service. 2. A fleet air wing is the basic organizational and administrative unit for naval-, land-, and tender-based aviation. Such wings are mobile units to which are assigned aircraft squadrons and tenders for administrative organization control. 3. A balanced Marine Corps task organization of aircraft groups and squadrons, together with appropriate command, air control, administrative, service, and maintenance units. A standard Marine Corps aircraft wing contains the aviation elements normally required for the air support of a Marine division. 4. A flank unit; that part of a military force to the right or left of the main body. wingman — An aviator subordinate to and in support of the designated section leader; also, the aircraft flown in this role. withdrawal operation — A planned retrograde operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force and moves in a direction away from the enemy. witting — A term of intelligence art that indicates that one is not only aware of a fact or piece of information but also aware of its connection to intelligence activities. (JP 2-01.2) working anchorage — An anchorage where ships lie to discharge cargoes over-side to coasters or lighters. working capital fund — A revolving fund established to finance inventories of supplies and other stores, or to provide working capital for industrial-type activities. (JP 1-06) working group — An enduring or ad hoc organization within a joint force commander’s headquarters formed around a specific function whose purpose is to provide analysis to users. The working group consists of a core functional group and other staff and component representatives. Also called WG. (JP 3-33) Worldwide Port System — Automated information system to provide cargo management and accountability to water port and regional commanders while providing in-transit visibility to the Global Transportation Network. Also called WPS. See also Global Transportation Network. (JP 4-01) wounded — See seriously wounded; slightly wounded. JP 1-02 369 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 wounded in action — A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who has incurred an injury due to an external agent or cause. The term encompasses all kinds of wounds and other injuries incurred in action, whether there is a piercing of the body, as in a penetration or perforated wound, or none, as in the contused wound. These include fractures, burns, blast concussions, all effects of biological and chemical warfare agents, and the effects of an exposure to ionizing radiation or any other destructive weapon or agent. The hostile casualty’s status may be categorized as “very seriously ill or injured,” “seriously ill or injured,” “incapacitating illness or injury,” or “not seriously injured.” Also called WIA. See also casualty category. (JP 4-02) 370 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 X JP 1-02 371 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 372 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Y JP 1-02 373 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 374 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Z zone of action — A tactical subdivision of a larger area, the responsibility for which is assigned to a tactical unit; generally applied to offensive action. (JP 3-09) zone of fire — An area into which a designated ground unit or fire support ship delivers, or is prepared to deliver, fire support. Fire may or may not be observed. Also called ZF. (JP 3-09) ZULU time — See Universal Time. JP 1-02 375 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Intentionally Blank 376 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 APPENDIX A ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS A A A&P A2C2 A-3 A-4 A-5 AA AAA AAAS AABB AABWS AAC AACG AADC AADP AA&E AAEC AAFES AAFIF AAFS AAFSF AAGS AAI AAM AAMDC AAOE AAOG AAP AAR AAST AAT AATCC AAU AAV AAW AB ABCA ABCS ABD JP 1-02 analog administrative and personnel; analysis and production Army airspace command and control Operations Directorate (COMAFFOR) Air Force logistics directorate Plans Directorate (COMAFFOR) assessment agent; avenue of approach antiaircraft artillery; arrival and assembly area; assign alternate area amphibious aviation assault ship American Association of Blood Banks amphibious assault bulk water system activity address code arrival airfield control group area air defense commander area air defense plan arms, ammunition, and explosives aeromedical evacuation control team Army and Air Force Exchange Service automated air facility information file amphibious assault fuel system amphibious assault fuel supply facility Army air-ground system air-to-air interface air-to-air missile US Army Air and Missile Defense Command arrival and assembly operations element arrival and assembly operations group Allied administrative publication; assign alternate parent after action report; after action review; air-to-air refueling area aeromedical evacuation administrative support team automatic analog test; aviation advisory team amphibious air traffic control center analog applique unit amphibious assault vehicle antiair warfare airbase American, British, Canadian, Australian Armies Program Army Battle Command System airbase defense A-1 Appendix A ABFC ABFDS ABFS ABGD ABL ABLTS ABM ABN ABNCP ABO ABP A/C AC AC2 AC-130 ACA ACAA ACAPS ACAT ACB ACC ACCE ACCON ACCS ACCSA ACDO ACE ACEOI ACF ACI ACIC ACINT ACK ACL ACLANT ACLP ACM ACMREQ ACN A-2 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 advanced base functional component aerial bulk fuel delivery system amphibious bulk fuel system air base ground defense airborne laser amphibious bulk liquid transfer system antiballistic missile airborne Airborne Command Post air base operability; blood typing system air battle plan aircraft Active Component; alternating current airspace command and control Hercules airlift clearance authority; airspace control authority; airspace coordination area automatic chemical agent alarm area communications electronics capabilities aeromedical evacuation command augmentation team amphibious construction battalion Air Combat Command; air component commander; area coordination center; Army Contracting Command air component coordination element acoustic condition air command and control system Allied Communications and Computer Security Agency assistant command duty officer airborne command element (USAF); air combat element (NATO); Allied Command Europe automated communications-electronics operating instructions air contingency force assign call inhibit Army Counterintelligence Center acoustic intelligence acknowledgement access control list; allowable cabin load Allied Command Atlantic affiliated contingency load planning advanced conventional munitions; advanced cruise missile; air combat maneuver; air contingency Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF); airspace coordinating measure airspace control means request; airspace coordination measures request assign commercial network JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ACO ACOA ACOC ACOCC ACOS ACP ACR ACS ACSA AC/S, C4I ACT ACU ACV ACW A/D AD ADA A/DACG ADAFCO ADAL ADAM ADAM/BAE ADAMS ADANS ADC ADCAP A/DCG ADCI/MS ADCON ADD ADDO ADDO(MS) ADE ADF ADIZ JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms administrative contracting officer; airspace control order adaptive course of action area communications operations center air combat operations command center assistant chief of staff access control point; air commander’s pointer; airspace control plan; Allied communications publication; assign common pool armored cavalry regiment (Army); assign channel reassignment agile combat support; air-capable ship; airspace control system; auxiliary crane ship acquisition and cross-servicing agreement; Allied Communications Security Agency Assistant Chief of Staff, Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (USMC) activity; advance civilian team; Allied Command Transformation assault craft unit aircraft cockpit video; armored combat vehicle advanced conventional weapons analog-to-digital active duty; advanced deployability; air defense; automatic distribution; priority add-on aerial damage assessment; air defense artillery arrival/departure airfield control group air defense artillery fire control officer authorized dental allowance list air defense airspace management air defense airspace management/brigade aviation element Allied Deployment and Movement System Air Mobility Command Deployment Analysis System air defense commander; area damage control advanced capability arrival/departure control group Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support administrative control assign on-line diagnostic Assistant Deputy Director for Operations Assistant Deputy Director for Operations/Military Support assign digit editing automatic direction finding air defense identification zone A-3 Appendix A ADKC/RCU ADL ADMIN ADN ADNET ADOC ADP ADPE ADPS ADR ADRA ADS ADSIA ADSW ADT ADUSD(TP) ADVON ADW ADWC ADZ A/E AE AEC AECA AECC AECM AECS AECT AEF AEG AELT AEOS AEOT AEPS AEPST AES AESC AET AETC A-4 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Automatic Key Distribution Center/Rekeying Control Unit advanced distributed learning; armistice demarcation line; assign XX (SL) routing administration Allied Command Europe desired ground zero number anti-drug network air defense operations center air defense plan; automated data processing automated data processing equipment automatic data processing system accident data recorder; aircraft damage repair; airfield damage repair; armament delivery recording Adventist Development and Relief Agency air defense section; air defense sector; amphibian discharge site Allied Data Systems Interoperability Agency active duty for special work active duty for training; assign digital transmission group; automatic digital tester Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, Transportation Policy advanced echelon air defense warnings air defense warning condition amphibious defense zone ammunition/explosives aeromedical evacuation; assault echelon; attenuation equalizer aeromedical evacuation crew Arms Export Control Act aeromedical evacuation coordination center aeromedical evacuation crew member aeromedical evacuation command squadron aeromedical evacuation control team air and space expeditionary force air expeditionary group aeromedical evacuation liaison team aeromedical evacuation operations squadron aeromedical evacuation operations team aircrew escape propulsion system aeromedical evacuation plans and strategy team aeromedical evacuation squadron; aeromedical evacuation system aeromedical evacuation support cell airport emergency team Air Education and Training Command JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 AETF A/ETF AEU AEW AEW&C AF AFAARS AFARN AFATDS AFB AFC AFCA AFCAP AFCB AFCC AFCCC AFCEE AFCENT AFCERT AFCESA AFD AFDC AFDD AFDIGS AFDIL AFDIS AF/DP AFE AFEES AFFIS AFFMA AFFOR AFH AFI AFID AF/IL AFIP AFIS AFIRB AFIWC AFJI AFJMAN AFLC AFLE AFLNO JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms air and space expeditionary task force automated/electronic target folder assign essential user bypass air and space expeditionary wing; airborne early warning airborne early warning and control Air Force; amphibious force Air Force After Action Reporting System Air Force air request net Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System Air Force base area frequency coordinator; automatic frequency control Air Force Communications Agency Air Force contract augmentation program; Armed Forces contract augmentation program Armed Forces Chaplains Board Air Force Component Commander Air Force Combat Climatology Center Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment Allied Forces Central Europe (NATO) Air Force computer emergency response team Air Force Civil Engineering Support Agency assign fixed directory Air Force Doctrine Center Air Force doctrine document Air Force digital graphics system Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory Air Force Weather Agency Dial In Subsystem Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, United States Air Force Armed Forces Entertainment Armed Forces Examining and Entrance Station Air Facilities File Information System Air Force Frequency Management Agency Air Force forces Air Force handbook Air Force instruction anti-fratricide identification device Deputy Chief of Staff for Installations and Logistics, USAF Armed Forces Institute of Pathology American Forces Information Service Armed Forces Identification Review Board Air Force Information Warfare Center Air Force joint instruction Air Force Joint Manual Air Force Logistics Command Air Force liaison element Air Force liaison officer A-5 Appendix A AFMAN AFMC AFMD AFME AFMES AFMIC AFMLO AFMS AFNORTH AFNORTHWEST AFNSEP AFOA AFOE AFOSI AFPAM AFPC AFPD AFPEO AFR AFRC AFRCC AFRL AFRRI AFRTS AFS AFSATCOM AFSB AFSC AFSCN AFSOC AFSOCC AFSOD AFSOE AFSOF AFSOUTH AFSPACE AFSPC AFSPOC AFTAC AFTH AFTN AFTO A-6 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Air Force manual Air Force Materiel Command Air Force Mission Directive Armed Forces Medical Examiner Armed Forces Medical Examiner System Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center Air Force Medical Logistics Office Air Force Medical Service Air Force North; Allied Forces Northern Europe (NATO) Allied Forces North West Europe (NATO) Air Force National Security and Emergency Preparedness Agency Air Force Operations Activity assault follow-on echelon Air Force Office of Special Investigations Air Force pamphlet Air Force Personnel Center Air Force policy directive Armed Forces Professional Entertainment Overseas Air Force Reserve; assign frequency for network reporting Air Force Reserve Command; Armed Forces Recreation Center Air Force rescue coordination center Air Force Research Laboratory Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute American Forces Radio and Television Service aeronautical fixed service Air Force satellite communications (system) Army field support brigade Armed Forces Staff College; United States Air Force specialty code Air Force Satellite Control Network Air Force Special Operations Command; Air Force special operations component Air Force special operations control center Air Force special operations detachment Air Force special operations element Air Force special operations forces Allied Forces, South (NATO) United States Space Command Air Force Air Force Space Command Air Force Space Operations Center Air Force Technical Applications Center Air Force Theater Hospital Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network Air Force technical order JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 AFTRANS AFTTP AFTTP(I) AFW AFWA AFWCF AFWIN AF/XO AF/XOI AF/XOO A/G AG AGARD AGCCS AGE AGI AGIL AGL AGM-28A AGM-65 AGM-69 AGR AGS AHA AHD AI AIA AIASA AIC AICF/USA AIDS AIF AIFA AIG AIIRS AIK AIM AIM-7 AIM-9 AIM-54A AIMD JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Air Force Transportation Component Air Force tactics, techniques, and procedures; Air Force technical training publication Air Force tactics, techniques, and procedures (instruction) Air Force Weather Air Force Weather Agency Air Force working capital fund Air Force Weather Information Network Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations, United States Air Force Air Force Director of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Director of Operations, United States Air Force air to ground adjutant general (Army) Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development Army Global Command and Control System aerospace ground equipment advanced geospatial intelligence airborne general illumination lightself above ground level Hound Dog Maverick short range attack missile Active Guard and Reserve aviation ground support alert holding area antihandling device airborne interceptor; air interdiction; area of interest Air Intelligence Agency annual integrated assessment for security assistance air intercept controller; assign individual compressed dial; Atlantic Intelligence Command Action Internationale Contre La Faim (International Action Against Hunger) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome automated installation intelligence file AAFES Imprest Fund Activity addressee indicator group automated intelligence information reporting system assistance in kind Airman’s Information Manual Sparrow Sidewinder Phoenix aircraft intermediate maintenance department A-7 Appendix A AIP AIQC AIRBAT AIRCENT AIRES AIREVACCONFIRM AIREVACREQ AIREVACRESP AIRNORTHWEST AIRREQRECON AIRSOUTH AIRSUPREQ AIS AIT AIU AJ AJBPO AJCC AJ/CM AJF AJFP AJMRO AJNPE AJP AK AKNLDG ALARA ALCC ALCE ALCF ALCG ALCM ALCOM ALCON ALCS ALCT ALD ALE ALEP ALERFA ALERT ALERTORD ALLOREQ ALLTV A-8 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 aeronautical information publication antiterrorism instructor qualification course Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Requirements-Based Allocation Tool Allied Air Forces Central Europe (NATO) advanced imagery requirements exploitation system air evacuation confirmation air evacuation request air evacuation response Allied Air Forces North West Europe (NATO) air request reconnaissance Allied Air Forces Southern Europe (NATO) air support request automated information system aeromedical isolation team; automated identification technology; automated information technology Automatic Digital Network Interface Unit anti-jam area joint blood program office alternate joint communications center anti-jam control modem allied joint force adaptive joint force packaging area joint medical regulating office airborne joint nuclear planning element allied joint publication commercial cargo ship acknowledge message as low as reasonably achievable airlift control center airlift control element airlift control flight analog line conditioning group air launched cruise missile United States Alaskan Command all concerned airlift control squadron airlift control team airborne laser designator; available-to-load date airlift liaison element amphibious lift enhancement program alert phase (ICAO) attack and launch early reporting to theater alert order air allocation request; allocation request all light level television JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ALMSNSCD ALN ALNOT ALO ALOC ALORD ALP ALSA ALSS ALT ALTD ALTRV ALTTSC A/M AM AMAL AMB AMBUS AMC AMCC AMCIT AMCM AMCT AMD AME AMEDD AMEDDCS AMedP AMEMB AMF(L) AMH AMHS AMIO AMLO AMMO AMOC AMOCC AMOG AMOPES AMOPS AMOS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms airlift mission schedule ammunition lot number alert notice; search and rescue alert notice air liaison officer air line of communications alert launch order Allied Logistic Publication Air Land Sea Application (Center) advanced logistic support site acquisition, logistics, and technology airborne laser target designator altitude reservation alternate Tomahawk strike coordinator approach and moor amplitude modulation authorized medical allowance list air mobility branch; ambassador ambulance bus airborne mission coordinator; Air Mobility Command; Army Materiel Command: midpoint compromise search area allied movement coordination center; alternate military command center American citizen airborne mine countermeasures air mobility control team air and missile defense; air mobility division antenna mounted electronics Army Medical Department U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Allied Medical Publication American Embassy ACE Mobile Force (Land) (NATO) automated message handler automated message handling system alien migrant interdiction operations air mobility liaison officer ammunition Air Marine Operations Center air mobility operations control center air mobility operations group Army Mobilization and Operations Planning and Execution System Army mobilization and operations planning system; Army mobilization operations system air mobility operations squadron A-9 Appendix A AMOSS AMOW AMP AMPE AMPN AMP-PAT AMPSSO AMRAAM AMS AMSS AMT AMVER AMW AN ANCA ANDVT ANG ANGLICO ANGUS A/NM ANMCC ANN ANR ANSI ANX ANY ANZUS AO AO&M AOA AOB AOC AOCC AOC-E AOCU AOC-W AOD AOF AOG AOI AOL A-10 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Air and Marine Operations Surveillance System air mobility operations wing amplifier; analysis of mobility platform automated message processing exchange amplification analysis of mobility platform suite of port analysis tools Automated Message Processing System Security Office (or Officer) advanced medium-range air-to-air missile aerial measuring system; air mobility squadron; Army management structure; Asset Management System air mobility support squadron aerial mail terminal automated mutual-assistance vessel rescue system air mobility wing; amphibious warfare alphanumeric; analog nonsecure Allied Naval Communications Agency advanced narrowband digital voice terminal Air National Guard air-naval gunfire liaison company Air National Guard of the United States administrative/network management Alternate National Military Command Center assign NNX routing Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense Command Region American National Standards Institute assign NNXX routing assign NYX routing Australia-New Zealand-United States Treaty action officer; administration officer; air officer; area of operations; aviation ordnance person administration, operation, and maintenance amphibious objective area advanced operations base; aviation operations branch air and space operations center (USAF); air operations center; Army operations center air operations control center Aviation Operations Center-East (USCS) analog orderwire control unit Aviation Operations Center-West (USCS) air operations directive; on-line diagnostic azimuth of fire Army Operations Group area of interest area of limitation JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 AOP AOR AOS AOSS AOTR AP APA APAN APC APCC APE APES APEX APF APG APHIS APIC APL APO APOD APOE APORT APORTSREP APP APPS APR APS APS-3 APU AR ARB ARBS ARC ARCENT ARCP ARCT ARDF AREC ARFOR ARG ARGO ARINC ARIP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms air operations plan; area of probability area of responsibility area of separation aviation ordnance safety supervisor Aviation Operational Threat Response allied publication; antipersonnel; average power Army pre-positioned afloat Asia-Pacific Area Network aerial port commander; assign preprogrammed conference list alternate processing and correlation center airfield pavement evaluation Automated Patient Evacuation System Adaptive Planning and Execution afloat pre-positioning force aimpoint graphic Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service allied press information center antipersonnel land mine afloat pre-positioning operations; Air Force post office; Army post office aerial port of debarkation aerial port of embarkation aerial port air operations bases report allied procedural publication analytical photogrammetric positioning system assign primary zone routing aerial port squadron; afloat pre-positioning ship; Army pre-positioned stocks afloat pre-positioning stocks auxiliary power unit air refueling; Army regulation; Army reserve alternate recovery base; assign receive bypass lists angle rate bombing system air Reserve Components; American Red Cross United States Army Central Command air refueling control point air refueling control team; air refueling control time automatic radio direction finding air resource element coordinator Army forces amphibious ready group automatic ranging grid overlay Aeronautical Radio Incorporated air refueling initiation point A-11 Appendix A ARL-M ARM ARNG ARNGUS ARNORTH ARP ARPERCEN ARQ ARRC ARRDATE ARS ARSOA ARSOC ARSOF ARSOTF ARSPACE ARSPOC ARSST ART ARTCC ARTS III ARTYMET AS A/S ASA ASA(ALT) ASAP ASARS ASAS ASAT ASB ASBP ASBPO ASC ASCC ASCIET ASCII ASCOPE A-12 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 airborne reconnaissance low-multifunction antiradiation missile Army National Guard Army National Guard of the United States US Army North air refueling point United States Army Reserve Personnel Center automatic request-repeat Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps (NATO) arrival date acute radiation syndrome; air rescue service Army special operations aviation Army special operations component Army special operations forces Army special operations task force Army Space Command Army space operations center Army space support team air reserve technician air route traffic control center Automated Radar Tracking System artillery meteorological analog secure; aviation ship anti-spoofing automatic spectrum analyzer Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology as soon as possible Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar System All Source Analysis System antisatellite weapon naval advanced support base Armed Services Blood Program Armed Services Blood Program Office acting service chief; Aeronautical Systems Center; Air Systems Command; Army Sustainment Command; assign switch classmark; Automatic Digital Network switching center Air Standardization Coordinating Committee; Army Service component command; Army Service component commander all Services combat identification evaluation team American Standard Code for Information Interchange areas, structures, capabilities, organizations, people, and events JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ASCS ASD ASD(A&L) ASD(C) ASD(C3I) ASD(FM&P) ASD(FMP) ASD(HA) ASD(HD) ASD(HD&ASA) ASDI ASDIA ASD(ISA) ASD(ISP) ASD(LA) ASD(NII) ASD(P&L) ASD(PA) ASD(PA&E) ASD(RA) ASD(RSA) ASD(S&R) ASD(SO/LIC) ASD(SO/LIC&IC) ASE ASF ASG ASH ASI ASIC ASIF JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms air support control section; air support coordination section Assistant Secretary of Defense Assistant Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Logistics) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Force Management and Personnel) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Force Management Policy) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Homeland Defense) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Homeland Defense and Americas’ Security Affairs) analog simple data interface All-Source Document Index Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Policy) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Legislative Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Networks and Information Integration) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Production and Logistics) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Program Analysis and Evaluation) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Reserve Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Regional Security Affairs) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Strategy and Requirements) Assistant Secretary of Defense (Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict and Interdependent Capabilities aircraft survivability equipment; automated stabilization equipment aeromedical staging facility area support group Assistant Administrator for Security and Hazardous Materials; Assistant Secretary for Health (DHHS) assign and display switch initialization Air and Space Interoperability Council Airlift Support Industrial Fund A-13 Appendix A ASL ASM ASMD ASN(RD&A) ASO ASOC ASOFDTG ASP ASPA ASPP ASPPO ASPR ASR ASSETREP AST ASTS ASW ASWBPL ASWC AT At ATA ATAC ATACC ATACMS ATACO ATACS ATAF ATBM ATC ATCA ATCAA ATCC ATCC-SSG ATCRBS ATCS ATDL1 ATDLS ATDM ATDS A-14 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 allowable supply list; archipelagic sea lane; assign switch locator (SL) routing; authorized stockage list (Army) air-to-surface missile; armored scout mission; automated scheduling message antiship missile defense Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition advanced special operations; air support operations air support operations center as of date/time group ammunition supply point American Service-Members’ Protection Act acquisition systems protection program Armed Service Production Planning Office Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (DHHS) air support request; available supply rate transportation assets report assign secondary traffic channels aeromedical staging squadron antisubmarine warfare; average surface wind Armed Services Whole Blood Processing Laboratories antisubmarine warfare commander annual training; antitank; antiterrorism total attainable search area Airlift Tanker Association antiterrorism alert center (Navy) advanced tactical air command center Army Tactical Missile System air tactical actions control officer Army Tactical Communications System Allied Tactical Air Force (NATO) antitactical ballistic missile Air Threat Conference; air traffic control; air transportable clinic (USAF) Allied Tactical Communications Agency air traffic control assigned airspace Antiterrorism Coordinating Committee Antiterrorism Coordinating Committee-Senior Steering Group Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System air traffic control section Army tactical data link 1 Advanced Tactical Data Link System adaptive time division multiplexer airborne tactical data system JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ATEP ATF AT/FP ATG ATGM ATH ATHS ATM ATMCT ATMP ATN ATO ATOC ATP ATR ATS ATSD(AE) ATSD(IO) ATSD(NCB) ATT ATTP ATTU ATWG AUEL AUF AUG AUIC AUTODIN AUX AV AV-8 AVCAL AVDTG AVGAS AVIM AVL AVOU AVOW AVS AVUM AV/VI JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Antiterrorism Enterprise Portal Advanced Targeting FLIR; amphibious task force; Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (DOJ) antiterrorism/force protection amphibious task group; assign trunk group cluster antitank guided missile; antitank guided munition air transportable hospital; assign thresholds Airborne Target Handover System advanced trauma management; air target material; assign traffic metering air terminal movement control team Air Target Materials Program assign thresholds air tasking order; antiterrorism officer air tactical operations center; air terminal operations center advance targeting pod; allied tactical publication attrition reserve air traffic service; assign terminal service Assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Atomic Energy) Assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Intelligence Oversight) Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs assign terminal type Army tactics, techniques, and procedures air transportable treatment unit antiterrorism working group automated unit equipment list airborne use of force application user group active duty unit identification code Automatic Digital Network auxiliary air vehicle; asset visibility Harrier aviation consolidated allowance list analog via digital trunk group aviation gasoline aviation intermediate maintenance anti-vehicle land mine; assign variable location analog voice orderwire unit analog voice orderwire asset validation system; asset visibility system; audiovisual squadron aviation unit maintenance audiovisual/visual information A-15 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 AW AWACS AWC AWCAP air warfare Airborne Warning and Control System air warfare commander airborne weapons corrective action program AWDS AWN AWOL AWS AWSE AWSIM AWSR AXO AXP AXX AZR automated weather distribution system Automated Weather Network absent without leave Air Weather Service armament weapons support equipment air warfare simulation model Air Weather Service regulation abandoned explosive ordnance ambulance exchange point assign XXX routing assign zone restriction lists B B B-52 B&A BAE BAF BAG BAH BAI BALO BALS BAS BATF B/B BB BBL BC BCA BCAT BCD BCI BCL BCN BCOC BCR BCT BCTP BCU A-16 cross-over barrier pattern Stratofortress boat and aircraft brigade aviation element backup alert force baggage basic allowance for housing backup aircraft inventory; battlefield air interdiction battalion air liaison officer berthing and loading schedule basic allowance for subsistence; battalion aid station Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms baseband breakbulk barrel (42 US gallons) bottom current border crossing authority beddown capability assessment tool battlefield coordination detachment bit count integrity battlefield coordination line beacon base cluster operations center baseline change request brigade combat team battle command training program beach clearance unit JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 BDA BDAREP BDC BDL BDOC BDR BDRP BDZ BE BEAR BEE BEI BEN BE number BER BES BFT BfV BGC BHR BI BIA BIAS BIDDS BIDE BIFC BIH BII BINM BIO BIS BISS BIT BITE BIU BKA BL BLCP BLDREP BLDSHIPREP BLM BLOS BLT BM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms battle damage assessment battle damage assessment report blood donor center beach discharge lighter base defense operations center battle damage repair Biological Defense Research Program base defense zone basic encyclopedia base expeditionary airfield resources bioenvironmental engineering officer biometrics enabled intelligence base encyclopedia number basic encyclopedia number bit error ratio budget estimate submission blue force tracking Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (federal office for defending the Constitution) boat group commander Bureau of Humanitarian Response battlefield injury; battle injury behavioral influences analysis; Bureau of Indian Affairs Battlefield Illumination Assistance System Base Information Digital Distribution System basic identity data element Boise Interagency Fire Center International Time Bureau (Bureau International d’l’Heure) base information infrastructure Bureau of International Narcotics Matters biological; Bureau of International Organizations Bureau of Industry and Security base installation security system built-in test built-in test equipment beach interface unit Bundeskriminalamt (federal criminal office) biocontainment level beach lighterage control point blood report blood shipment report Bureau of Land Management beyond line-of-sight battalion landing team ballistic missile; battle management; beachmaster A-17 Appendix A BMC4I BMCT BMD BMDO BMET BMEWS BMNT BMU BN BND BOA BOC BOCCA BOG BOH BORFIC BOS BOSG BOSS BOT BP BPA BPD BPG BPI BPLAN BPO BPPBS bps BPSK BPT BPWRR BPWRS BR BRAC BRACE BRC BS BSA BSB BSC BSC ro BSCT BSD BSI A-18 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Battle Management Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence begin morning civil twilight ballistic missile defense Ballistic Missile Defense Organization biomedical equipment technician ballistic missile early warning system begin morning nautical twilight beachmaster unit battalion Bundesnachrichtendienst (federal intelligence service) basic ordering agreement base operations center; bomb on coordinate Bureau of Coordination of Civil Aircraft (NATO) beach operations group bottom of hill Border Patrol Field Intelligence Center base operating support; battlefield operating system base operations support group base operating support service bomb on target battle position; block parity blanket purchase agreement blood products depot beach party group bits per inch base plan blood program office bi-annual planning, programming, and budget system bits per second biphase shift keying beach party team bulk petroleum war reserve requirement bulk petroleum war reserve stocks budget review base realignment and closure Base Resource and Capability Estimator base recovery course battle staff; broadcast source beach support area; brigade support area brigade support battalion black station clock black station clock receive out behavioral science consultation team blood supply detachment base support installation JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 BSP BSRP BSSG BSU BSZ BT BTB BTC BTG BTOC BTS BTU BULK BUMEDINST BVR BW BWC BZ Abbreviations and Acronyms base support plan bureau strategic resource plan brigade service support group blood supply unit base security zone bathythermograph believed-to-be blood transshipment center basic target graphic battalion tactical operations center Border and Transportation Security (DHS) beach termination unit bulk cargo Bureau of Medicine and Surgery instruction beyond visual range bandwidth; biological warfare; biological weapon Biological Weapons Convention buffer zone C C C&A C&E C&LAT C2 C2-attack C2E C2IP C2IPS C2P C2-protect C2S C-2X C3 C3AG C3CM C3I C3IC C3SMP C4CM JP 1-02 Celsius; centigrade; clock; compromise band; coverage factor; creeping line pattern certification and accreditation communications and electronics cargo and loading analysis table command and control an offensive form of command and control warfare command and control element Command and Control Initiatives Program Command and Control Information Processing System command and control protection a defensive form of command and control warfare command and control support coalition Intelligence Directorate counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element command, control, and communications Command, Control, and Communications Advisory Group command, control, and communications countermeasures command, control, communications, and intelligence coalition coordination, communications, and integration center Command, Control, and Communications Systems Master Plan command, control, communications, and computer countermeasures A-19 Appendix A C4I C4IFTW C4ISR C4S C4 systems C-5 C-17 C-21 C-27 C-130 C-141 CA C/A CAA CAAF CAB CAC CACOM CACTIS CAD CADRS CADS CAE CAF CAFMS CAG CAGO CAIMS CAINS CAISE CAL CALA CALCM CALICS CALMS A-20 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence for the Warrior command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance command, control, communications, and computer systems command, control, communications, and computer systems Galaxy Globemaster III Learjet Spartan Hercules Starlifter chaplain assistant; civil administration; civil affairs; combat assessment; coordinating altitude; credibility assessment; criticality assessment course acquisition civil air augmentation; combat aviation advisors; command arrangement agreement contractor personnel authorized to accompany the force combat aviation brigade common access card; current actions center Civil Affairs command community automated intelligence system Canadian Air Division; cartridge actuated device; collective address designator concern and deficiency reporting system containerized ammunition distribution system command assessment element Canadian Air Force; combat air forces; commander, airborne/air assault force computer-assisted force management system carrier air group; civil affairs group; collective address group contractor acquired government owned conventional ammunition integrated management system carrier aircraft inertial navigation system civil authority information support element caliber; critical asset list Community Airborne Library Architecture conventional air-launched cruise missile communication, authentication, location, intentions, condition, and situation computer-aided load manifesting system JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CAM CAMPS CAMT CANA CANADA COM CANR CANUS CAO CAOC CAO SOP CAP CAPT CAR CARDA CARE CARIBROC CARP CARS CARVER CAS CASEVAC CASF CASP CASPER CASREP CASREQ CAT CATCC CATF CAU CAVU CAW CAW/ESS CAX C-B JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms chemical agent monitor; crisis action module Consolidated Air Mobility Planning System countering air and missile threats convulsant antidote for nerve agent Canada Command Canadian North American Aerospace Defense Command Region Canada-United States chief administrative officer; civil affairs operations; counterair operation combat air operations center; combined air operations center standing operating procedures for coordination of atomic operations Civil Air Patrol; civil augmentation program; combat air patrol; configuration and alarm panel; Consolidated Appeals Process (UN); crisis action planning civil affairs planning team Chief of the Army Reserve continental United States airborne reconnaissance for damage assessment; continental United States area reconnaissance for damage assessment Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CAREUSA) Caribbean Regional Operations Center computed air release point; contingency alternate route plan combat arms regimental system criticality, accessibility, recuperability, vulnerability, effect, and recognizability casualty; civil aviation security; close air support casualty evacuation contingency aeromedical staging facility computer-aided search planning contact area summary position report casualty report close air support request category; crisis action team carrier air traffic control center commander, amphibious task force crypto ancillary unit; cryptographic auxiliary unit ceiling and visibility unlimited carrier air wing crisis action weather and environmental support system computer-assisted exercise chemical-biological A-21 Appendix A CB CBBLS CBD CBFS CBIRF CBLTU CBMR CBMU CBP CBPO CBPS CBR CBRN CBRN CM CBRNE CBRN hazard CBRN passive defense CBRT CBS CBT CbT CbT-RIF CBTZ CBU CBW C/C CC CC&D CCA CCAP CCAS CCAS-C CCATT CCB A-22 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 chemical-biological; construction battalion (SEABEES) hundreds of barrels chemical, biological defense cesium beam frequency standard chemical-biological incident response force common battery line terminal unit capabilities-based munitions requirements construction battalion maintenance unit capabilities-based planning; Customs and Border Protection (DHS) Consolidated Base Personnel Office chemical biological protective shelter chemical, biological, and radiological Caribbean Basin Radar Network; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear consequence management chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazard chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear passive defense chemical-biological response team common battery signaling common battery terminal combating terrorism Combating Terrorism Readiness Initiatives Fund combat zone conference bridge unit; construction battalion unit chemical and biological warfare cabin cruiser; cast off and clear component command (NATO); critical capability camouflage, concealment, and deception carrier-controlled approach; central contracting authority; circuit card assembly; combat cargo assistant; container control activity; contamination control area; contingency capabilities assessment; contract construction agent combatant command AFRTS planner contingency contract administration services contingency contract administration services commander critical care air transport team Community Counterterrorism Board; configuration control board JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CCC CCD CCDR CCE CCEB CCF CCG CCGD CCIB CCICA CCIF CCIP CCIR CCIS CCITT CCIU CCJTF CCL CCLI CCMD CCO CCOI CCP CCPDS CCR CCRD C-CS CCS CCSA CCSD CCT CCTI CCTV CCW CD JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms coalition coordination cell; coalition coordination center; crisis coordination center; critical control circuit; crosscultural communications course camouflage, concealment, and deception combatant commander container control element; continuing criminal enterprise Combined Communications-Electronics Board collection coordination facility crisis coordination group commander, Coast Guard district command center integration branch command counterintelligence coordinating authority Combatant Commander Initiative Fund continuously computed impact point commander’s critical information requirement; International Radio Consultative Committee common channel interswitch signaling International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee CEF control interface unit commander, combined joint task force communications/computer link computer control list item combatant command central control officer; combat cargo officer; command and control office; contingency contracting officer critical contact of interest casualty collection point; consolidated cryptologic program; consolidation and containerization point command center processing and display system closed circuit refueling combatant commander’s required delivery date communication and computer systems central control ship; container control site combatant command support agent; containership cargo stowage adapter command communications service designator; control communications service designator collaborative contingency targeting; combat control team Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff commended training issue closed circuit television 1980 United Nations Convention on Conventional Weapons; continuous carrier wave channel designator; compact disc; counterdrug; customer direct A-23 Appendix A C-day CDC CDE CDERA CDF CDI C di CDHAM CDIP CDIPO CDLMS CDM CDMGB CDN CDO CDOC CDOPS CDP CDR CDRAFSOF CDRARNORTH CDRCFCOM CDRESC CDREUDAC CDRFORSCOM CDRG CDRJSOTF CDRL CDRMTMC CDRNORAD CD-ROM CDRTSOC CDRUNC CDRUSAFRICOM CDRUSAINSCOM CDRUSCENTCOM CDRUSELEMNORAD CDRUSEUCOM CDRUSJFCOM CDRUSNAVEUR CDRUSNORTHCOM A-24 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 unnamed day on which a deployment operation begins Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collateral damage estimation Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency combined distribution frame cargo disposition instructions; conditioned diphase conditioned diphase Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine combined defense improvement project counterdrug intelligence preparation for operations common data link management system cable driver modem cable driver modem group buffer compressed dial number command duty officer; commander, detainee operations counterdrug operations center counterdrug operations commander’s dissemination policy; landing craft air cushion departure point commander; continuous data recording commander, Air Force special operations forces Commander, US Army North Commander, Combined Forces Command commander, electronic security command Commander, European Command Defense Analysis Center (ELINT) or European Data Analysis Center Commander, Forces Command catastrophic disaster response group (FEMA) commander, joint special operations task force contract data requirements list Commander, Military Traffic Management Command Commander, North American Aerospace Defense Command compact disc read-only memory commander, theater special operations command Commander, United Nations Command Commander, United States Africa Command Commander, United States Army Intelligence and Security Command Commander, United States Central Command Commander, United States Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command Commander, United States European Command Commander, United States Joint Forces Command Commander, United States Naval Forces, Europe Commander, United States Northern Command JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms CEXC Commander, United States Pacific Command Commander, United States Special Operations Command Commander, United States Southern Command Commander, United States Strategic Command Commander, United States Transportation Command Chief of Defence Staff (Canada); container delivery system continuity of operations plan designated successor service chief counterdrug update communications-electronics casualty estimation; circular error; command element (MAGTF); communications-electronics; core element; counterespionage captured enemy ammunition combat engineer battalion civil engineer corps communications-electronics command commercial electronic data interface communications-electronics deployment report captured enemy equipment civil engineering file; common equipment facility common equipment group critical employment indicator combined effects munition communications-electronics management center civil engineer maintenance, inspection, and repair team Combined Enterprise Regional Information Exchange System communications-electronics operating instructions cable entrance panel; circular error probable communications-electronics post-deployment report Central Emergency Revolving Fund (UN) chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives enhanced response force package Commanders’ Emergency Response Program computer emergency response team; contingency engineering response team certain submarine coast earth station civil engineering support equipment; communications equipment support element communications equipment support group civil engineer support office civil engineering support plan group; civil engineering support planning generator combined explosives exploitation cell JP 1-02 A-25 CDRUSPACOM CDRUSSOCOM CDRUSSOUTHCOM CDRUSSTRATCOM CDRUSTRANSCOM CDS CDSSC CDU C-E CE CEA CEB CEC CECOM CEDI CEDREP CEE CEF CEG CEI CEM CEMC CEMIRT CENTRIXS CEOI CEP CEPOD CERF CERFP CERP CERT CERTSUB CES CESE CESG CESO CESPG Appendix A CEW CF CFA CFACC CFB CFC CF-COP CFL CFLCC CFM CFO CFR CFS CFSO CFST CG CGAS CGAUX CGC CGCAP CGCIS CGDEFOR CGFMFLANT CGFMFPAC CGIS CGLSMP CGRS CGS CGUSAREUR CH CH-53 CHAMPUS CHARC CHB CHCS CHCSS CHE CHET CHOP CHPPM A-26 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Civilian Expeditionary Workforce Canadian forces; carrier furnished; causeway ferry; conventional forces; drift error confidence factor Committee on Food Aid Policies and Programmes (UN) combined force air component commander Canadian forces base Combined Forces Command, Korea counterfire common operational picture Contingency Planning Facilities List; coordinated fire line coalition forces land component commander cubic feet per minute chief financial officer Code of Federal Regulations CI force protection source counterintelligence force protection source operations coalition forces support team Chairman’s guidance; Coast Guard; commanding general; Comptroller General Coast Guard Air Station Coast Guard Auxiliary Coast Guard Cutter Coast Guard capabilities plan Coast Guard Counterintelligence Service Coast Guard defense force Commanding General, Fleet Marine Forces, Atlantic Commanding General, Fleet Marine Forces, Pacific US Coast Guard Investigative Service Coast Guard logistic support and mobilization plan common geographic reference system common ground station; continental United States ground station Commanding General, United States Army, Europe channel; contingency hospital Sea Stallion Civilian Health and Medical Program for the Uniformed Services counterintelligence and human intelligence analysis and requirements cell cargo-handling battalion composite health care system Chief, Central Security Service cargo-handling equipment; container-handling equipment customs high endurance tracker change of operational control US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CHRIS CHRP CHSTR CHSTREP CI CIA CIAP CIAS CIAT CIB CIC CICA CICAD CICC CICR CID CIDB CIDC CIE C-IED CIEG/CIEL CIFA CIG CIHO CIIR CI/KR CIL CILO CIM CIMIC CIN CIO CIOC CIOTA CIP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms chemical hazard response information system contaminated human remains pouch characteristics of transportation resources characteristics of transportation resources report civilian internee; counterintelligence Central Intelligence Agency Central Intelligence Agency program; central intelligence architecture plan; command, control, communications, computers, intelligence surveillance, reconnaissance (C4ISR) integrated architecture program; command intelligence architecture plan; command intelligence architecture program counterintelligence analysis section counterintelligence analytic team combined information bureau; controlled image base combat information center; combat intelligence center (Marine Corps); combined intelligence center; communications interface controller; content indicator code; counterintelligence center counterintelligence coordination authority Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission counterintelligence coordination cell counterintelligence collection requirement combat identification; combat intelligence division; criminal investigation division common intelligence database Criminal Investigation Division Command collaborative information environment counter-improvised explosive device common information exchange glossary and language counterintelligence field activity communications interface group counterintelligence/human intelligence officer counterintelligence information report critical infrastructure/key resources command information library; critical item list counterintelligence liaison officer civil information management; compartmented information management civil-military cooperation cargo increment number chief information officer; command intelligence officer counterintelligence operations cell counterintelligence operational tasking authority communications interface processor; critical infrastructure protection A-27 Appendix A CIPSU CIR CIRM CIRV CIRVIS CIS CISD CISO CITE CITP CIV CIVPOL CIWG CJ-4 CJATF CJB CJCS CJCSAN CJCSI CJCSM CJDA CJMAB CJMAO CJMTF CJSART CJTF CJTF-CS CJTF-NCR C-JWICS CKT CL CLA CLASSRON CLB CLD CLDP CLEA C-level A-28 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 communications interface processor pseudo line continuing intelligence requirement International Radio-Medical Center common interswitch rekeying variable communications instructions for reporting vital intelligence sightings common item support; Commonwealth of Independent States; communications interface shelter critical incident stress debriefing counterintelligence staff office; counterintelligence support officer computer intrusion technical exploitation counter-IED targeting program civilian civilian police communications interoperability working group combined-joint logistics officer commander, joint amphibious task force Congressional Justification Book Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Alerting Network Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual critical joint duty assignment Central Joint Mortuary Affairs Board Central Joint Mortuary Affairs Office; Chief, joint mortuary affairs office combined joint military information support operations task force Criminal Justice Sector Assessment Rating Tool combined joint task force (NATO); commander, joint task force Commander, Joint Task Force - Civil Support Commander, Joint Task Force - National Capital Region Containerized Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System circuit class landing craft air cushion launch area class squadron combat logistics battalion compact laser designator Commercial Law Development Program civilian law enforcement agency category level JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CLF CLG CLGP CLIPS CLPSB CLPT CLR CLS CLSS CLT CLZ CM Cm cm CMA CMAA CMAH CM&D CMAOC CMAT CMC Cmc CMCB CMCC CMD CMHT CMM CMMA CMO CMOC CMOS CMP CMPF CMPT CM R&A JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms cantilever lifting frame; combat logistics force; commander, landing force combat logistics group cannon-launched guided projectile communications link interface planning system combatant commander logistic procurement support board contingency load planning team combat logistics regiment contracted logistic support combat logistic support squadron civil liaison team; combat lasing team craft landing zone; cushion landing zone; landing craft air cushion landing zone Chairman’s memorandum; collection manager; configuration management; consequence management; control modem; countermine mean coverage factor centimeter collection management authority Cooperative Military Airlift Agreement commander of a combatant command’s Mobile Alternate Headquarters collection management & dissemination Casualty and Mortuary Affairs Operations Center consequence management advisory team Commandant of the Marine Corps; crew management cell midpoint compromise coverage factor civil-military coordination board combined movement coordination center command; cruise missile defense consequence management home team Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation (USAID) collection management mission application Central Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT) Organization; chief medical officer; chief military observer; civil-military operations; collection management office(r); configuration management office Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center; civil-military operations center cargo movement operations system; complementary metal-oxide semiconductor communications message processor; contractor management plan commander, maritime pre-positioned force consequence management planning team consequence management response and assessment A-29 Appendix A CMRT CMS CMST CMTS CMTU CMV CMX CN CNA CNAC C-NAF CNASP CNC CNCE CND CNE CNGB CNIC CNM CNO CNOG CNRF CNSG CNTY CNWDI CO COA COAA COAMPS COB COBOL COC CoC COCOM COD COE COEDMHA COF COFC COG A-30 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 consequence management response team cockpit management system; command management system; community management staff; community security materiel system; contingency mutual support; crisis management system consequence management support team comments cartridge magnetic tape unit commercial motor vehicle crisis management exercise counternarcotic computer network attack Customs National Aviation Center (USCS) component numbered air force chairman’s net assessment for strategic planning Crime and Narcotics Center communications nodal control element computer network defense; counternarcotics division computer network exploitation; Counter Narcotics Enforcement Chief, National Guard Bureau Commander, Navy Installations Command classified notice to mariners Chief of Naval Operations; computer network operations Chairman, Nuclear Operations Group Commander, Naval Reserve Forces Commander, Naval Security Group country critical nuclear weapons design information commanding officer course of action course-of-action analysis Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System collocated operating base; contingency operating base common business-oriented language combat operations center Code of Conduct combatant command (command authority) carrier onboard delivery; combat operations division Army Corps of Engineers; common operating environment; concept of employment Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance chief of fires; conduct of fire container on flatcar center of gravity; continuity of government JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 COGARD COI COIN COLDS COLISEUM COLPRO COLT COM COMACC COMAFFOR COMAFSOC COMAJF COMALF COMALOC COMARFOR COMCAM COMCARGRU COMCRUDESGRU COMDCAEUR COMDESRON COMDT COGARD COMDTINST COMICEDEFOR COMIDEASTFOR COMINEWARCOM COMINT COMJCSE COMJIC COMJSOTF COMLANDFOR COMLANTAREACOGARD COMLOGGRU COMM COMMARFOR COMMARFORNORTH COMMDZ COMNAV COMNAVAIRLANT COMNAVAIRPAC COMNAVAIRSYSCOM COMNAVCOMTELCOM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Coast Guard community of interest; contact of interest counterinsurgency cargo offload and discharge system community on-line intelligence system for end-users and managers collective protection combat observation and lasing team chief of mission; collection operations management; command; commander Commander, Air Combat Command commander, Air Force forces Commander, Air Force Special Operations Command commander, allied joint force commander airlift forces commercial air line of communications commander, Army forces combat camera commander, carrier group commander, cruiser destroyer group Commander, Defense Communications Agency Europe commander destroyer squadron Commandant, United States Coast Guard Commandant, United States Coast Guard instruction Commander, United States Forces, Iceland Commander, Middle East Forces Commander, Mine Warfare Command communications intelligence Commander, Joint Communications Support Element Commander, Joint Intelligence Center commander, joint special operations task force commander, land forces Commander, Coast Guard Atlantic Area combat logistics group communications commander, Marine Corps forces Commander, Marine Corps Forces North Commander, Maritime Defense Zone Committee for European Airspace Coordination Working Group on Communications and Navigation Aids Commander, Naval Air Force, Atlantic Commander, Naval Air Force, Pacific Commander, Naval Air Systems Command Commander, Naval Computer and Telecommunications Command A-31 Appendix A COMNAVELSG COMNAVFOR COMNAVMETOCCOM COMNAVSEASYSCOM COMNAVSECGRP COMNAVSURFLANT COMNAVSURFPAC COMP COMPACAF COMPACAREACOGARD COMPACFLT COMPASS COMPES COMPLAN COMPUSEC COMSAT COMSC COMSCINST COMSEC COMSOC COMSOCCENT COMSOCEUR COMSOCPAC COMSOCSOUTH COMSOF COMSTAT COMSUBLANT COMSUBPAC COMSUPNAVFOR COMTAC COMUSAFE COMUSARCENT COMUSCENTAF COMUSFLTFORCOM COMUSFORAZ COMUSJ COMUSK A-32 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Commander, Navy Expeditionary Logistics Support Group commander, Navy forces Commander, Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command Commander, United States Navy Security Group Commander, Naval Surface Force, Atlantic Commander, Naval Surface Force, Pacific component Commander, Pacific Air Forces Commander, Coast Guard Pacific Area Commander, Pacific Fleet common operational modeling, planning, and simulation strategy; Computerized Movement Planning and Status System contingency operations mobility planning and execution system communications plan computer security communications satellite Commander, Military Sealift Command Commander, Military Sealift Command instruction communications security Commander, Special Operations Command Commander, Special Operations Command, United States Central Command Commander, Special Operations Command, United States European Command Commander Special Operations Command, United States Pacific Command Commander Special Operations Command, United States Southern Command commander, special operations forces communications status Commander Submarine Force, United States Atlantic Fleet Commander Submarine Force, United States Pacific Fleet commander, supporting naval forces tactical communications Commander, United States Air Force in Europe Commander, United States Army Forces, Central Command Commander, United States Air Force, Central Command Commander, United States Fleet Forces Command Commander, United States Forces, Azores Commander, United States Forces, Japan Commander, United States Forces, Korea JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 COMUSMARCENT COMUSNAVCENT COMUSPACFLT COMUSSOCJFCOM CONCAP CONEX CONEXPLAN CONOPS CONPLAN CONR CONUS CONUSA COOP COP COP-CSE COPG COPPERHEAD COPS COR CORE COS COSCOM COSMIC COSPAS COSR COT COTHEN COTP COTS COU counter C3 COVCOM CP CP&I CPA CPD JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Commander, United States Marine Forces, Central Command Commander, United States Navy, Central Command Commander, United States Pacific Fleet Commander Special Operations Command, United States Joint Forces Command construction capabilities contract (Navy); Construction Capabilities Contract Process; construction capabilities contract program container express contingency and exercise plan concept of operations concept plan; operation plan in concept format continental United States North American Aerospace Defense Command Region continental United States Continental United States Army continuity of operations common operational picture common operational picture-combat support enabled chairman, operations planners group name for cannon-launched guided projectile communications operational planning system contracting officer representative contingency response program chief of staff; chief of station; critical occupational specialty corps support command North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) security category cosmicheskaya sistyema poiska avariynch sudov - space system for search of distressed vessels (Russian satellite system) combat and operational stress reactions commanding officer of troops; crisis operations team Customs Over-the Horizon Enforcement Network captain of the port cargo offload and transfer system; commercial off-the-shelf; container offloading and transfer system cable orderwire unit counter command, control, and communications covert communications check point; collection point; command post; contact point; control point; counterproliferation coastal patrol and interdiction closest point of approach combat plans division A-33 Appendix A CPE CPFL CPG CPI CPIC CPM CPO CPR CPRC CPS CPT CPU CPX CR CRA CRAF CRAM CRB CRC CRD CRE CREST CRF CRG CRI CRIF CRITIC CRITICOMM CRM CrM CRO CROP CRP CRRC CRS A-34 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 customer premise equipment contingency planning facilities list central processor group; Commander, Amphibious Group; Contingency Planning Guidance crash position indicator coalition press information center civilian personnel manual chief petty officer; complete provisions only cardiopulmonary resuscitation coalition personnel recovery center characters per second; collective protective shelter common procedural terminology central processing unit command post exercise critical requirement command relationships agreement; continuing resolution authority; coordinating review authority Civil Reserve Air Fleet control random access memory configuration review board circuit routing chart; Civilian Response Corps (DOS); civil response corps; control and reporting center; CONUS replacement center; COOP response cell; cyclic redundancy rate capstone requirements document; chemical reconnaissance detachment contingency response element; control reporting element casualty and resource estimation support tool channel reassignment function contingency response group collective routing indicator cargo routing information file critical information; critical intelligence communication; critical message (intelligence) critical intelligence communications system collection requirements management; comment resolution matrix; crew resource management crisis management combat rescue officer common relevant operational picture control and reporting post combat rubber raiding craft Catholic Relief Services; Chairman’s readiness system; coastal radio station; community relations service; container recovery system; Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CRSG CRT CRTS CR-UAV CRW CRYPTO CS CSA CSAAS CSADR CSAF CSAM CSAR CSAR3 CSARTE CSARTF CSB CSB (MEB) CSC CSCC CSE CSEL CSEP CSG CSGN CSH CSI CSIF CSIP CSIPG CSL CSNP CSNP(BE) CSNP(I) CSNP(SE) JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms country reconstruction and stabilization group cathode ray tube; contingency response team casualty receiving and treatment ship close-range unmanned aerial vehicle contingency response wing cryptographic call sign; Chaplain Service (Air Force); circuit switch; civil support; coastal station; combat service; combat support; content staging; controlled space; creeping line singleunit; critical source Chief of Staff, United States Army; combat support agency; container stuffing activity combat support agency assessment system combat support agency director’s report Chief of Staff, United States Air Force computer security for acquisition managers combat search and rescue combat support agency responsiveness and readiness report combat search and rescue task element combat search and rescue task force contracting support brigade combat support brigade (maneuver enhancement brigade) combat support center; community support center; convoy support center; creeping line single-unit coordinated; International Convention for Safe Containers coastal sea control commander client server environment; combat support enhanced; combat support equipment; contingency support element circuit switch select line; combat survivor evader locator; command senior enlisted leader Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff -sponsored exercise program carrier strike group; Chairman’s Staff Group; coordinating subgroup; cryptologic services group; Cryptologic Support Group coordinating subgroup for narcotics combat support hospital critical sustainability item communications service industrial fund contract support integration plan circuit switch interface planning guide combat stores list; cooperative security location causeway section, nonpowered causeway section, nonpowered (beach end) causeway section, nonpowered (intermediate) causeway section, nonpowered (sea end) A-35 Appendix A CSO CSOA CSOB CSOD CSP CSPAR CSR CSRF CSS CSSA CSSB CSSC CSST CSSU CST CSW CT CTA CTAF CTAPS CTC CTDB CTEP CTF CTFP CTG CTID CTKB CTL CTM CTOC CTP CTR CTRIF CTS A-36 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Center for Special Operations (USSOCOM); communications support organization; controlled source operation combined special operations area command systems operations branch command systems operation division call service position; career sea pay; causeway section, powered; commence search point; contracting support plan; crisis staffing procedures (JCS); cryptologic support package combatant commander’s preparedness assessment report central source registry; combatant commander’s summary report; commander’s summary report; controlled supply rate common source route file central security service; combat service support; communications subsystem; coordinator surface search combat service support area combat sustainment support battalion coded switch set controller combat service support team combat service support unit contingency support team; customer service team compartment stowage worksheet; coordinate seeking weapons control telemetry; counterterrorism; country team common table of allowance counterterrorism analytical framework contingency Theater Air Control System automated planning system cargo transfer company (USA); counterterrorist center combating terrorism database combined training and education plan combined task force; counter threat finance Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program commander, task group communications transmission identifier combating terrorism knowledge base candidate target list core target material corps tactical operations center common tactical picture cooperative threat reduction Combating Terrorism Readiness Initiative Fund commodity tracking system; Contingency Tracking System; controlled technical services JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 CTSS CTU CU CUL CULT CV CVAMP CVN CVR CVS CVSD CVT CVW CVWC CW CWC CWDE CWMD CWO CWP CWPD CWR CWT CY Abbreviations and Acronyms central targeting support staff commander, task unit cubic capacity; common unit common-user logistics common-user land transportation aircraft carrier; carrier; critical vulnerability; curriculum vitae Core Vulnerability Assessment Management Program aircraft carrier, nuclear cockpit voice recorder commercial vendor services continuous variable slope delta criticality-vulnerability-threat carrier air wing; cryptovariable weekly (GPS) carrier strike group air wing commander carrier wave; chemical warfare; continuous wave Chemical Weapons Convention; composite warfare commander chemical warfare defense equipment combating weapons of mass destruction communications watch officer causeway pier Conventional War Plans Division, Joint Staff (J-7) calm water ramp combat weather team; customer wait time calendar year D D d D&D D&F D&M D&R D-2X D3A D/A DA Da DA&M DAA JP 1-02 total drift, data surface drift denial and deception determinations and findings detection and monitoring debrief and reintegrate Department of Defense-level counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element decide, detect, deliver, and assess digital-to-analog data adapter aerospace drift; data administrator; Department of the Army; Development Assistance; direct action; Directorate for Administration (DIA); double agent aerospace drift Director of Administration and Management designated approving authority; display alternate area routing lists A-37 Appendix A DAADC(AMD) DAAS DAASO DAB DAC DACB DACG DACM DADCAP DAF DAFL DAICC DAL DALIS DALS DAMA DAMES DAN DAO DAP DAR DARO DARPA DART DAS DAS3 DASA DASC DASC(A) DASD DASD-CN DASD(H&RA) DASD(I) DASD(PK/HA) DASD(S&IO) A-38 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 deputy area air defense commander for air and missile defense defense automatic addressing system defense automatic addressing system office Defense Acquisition Board Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) counterintelligence and security activity; Department of Army civilians; Development Assistance Committee (OECD) data adapter control block departure airfield control group data adapter control mode dawn and dusk combat air patrol Department of the Air Force directive authority for logistics domestic air interdiction coordinator center defended asset list Disaster Assistance Logistics Information System downed aviator locator system demand assigned multiple access defense automatic addressing system (DAAS) automated message exchange system Diver’s Alert Network defense attaché office; defense attaché officer; department/ agency/organization designated acquisition program Defense Acquisition Regulation; distortion adaptive receiver Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency disaster assistance response team; downed aircraft recovery team; dynamic analysis and replanning tool deep air support (USMC); defense attaché system; direct access subscriber; direct air support decentralized automated service support system Department of the Army (DA) staff agencies direct air support center direct air support center (airborne) Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Counternarcotics Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Humanitarian & Refugee Affairs) Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Affairs) Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Security and Information Operations) JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DASSS DAT DATT DATU dB DBA DBDB DBG DBI DBIDS DBMS DBSS DBT D/C DC DCA DCAA DCAM DCAPES DCC DCCC DCCEP DCD DCE D-cell DCGS DCHA DCHC DCHE DCI D/CI&SP D/CIA DCID DCIIS DCIO DCIP DCIS DCJTF JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms decentralized automated service support system deployment action team defense attaché data adapter termination unit decibel database administrator digital bathymetric database database generation defense budget issue Defense Biometric Identification System database management system; Defense-Business Management System Defense Blood Standard System design basis threat downconverter Deputies Committee; direct current; Directorate of Counterintelligence (DIA); dislocated civilian Defense Communications Agency; Defense Cooperation Agreements; defensive counterair; dual-capable aircraft Defense Contract Audit Agency Defense Medical Logistics Standard Support (DMLSS) customer assistance module Deliberate and Crisis Action Planning and Execution Segments damage control center; deployment control center defense collection coordination center developing country combined exercise program data collection device defense coordinating element deployment cell distributed common ground/surface system Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance (USAID) Defense Counterintelligence and Human Intelligence Center Defense Counterintelligence and Human Intelligence Enterprise defense critical infrastructure; Director of Central Intelligence; dual channel interchange Director, Counterintelligence and Security Programs Director, Central Intelligence Agency Director of Central Intelligence directive Defense Counterintelligence Information System defense criminal investigative organization Defense Critical Infrastructure Program Defense Criminal Investigative Services deputy commander, joint task force A-39 Appendix A DCM DCMA DCMC DCMO DCNO DCO DCP DCPA DCPG DCR DCS DCSCU DC/S for RA DCSINT DCSLOG DCSOPS DCSPER DCST DCTS DD DDA D-day DDC DDCI DDCI/CM DDED DDG DDI DDL DDM DDMA DDMS DDO DDOC DDP DDR DDR&E DDRRR A-40 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 data channel multiplexer; deputy chief of mission Defense Contract Management Agency Office of Deputy Chairman, Military Committee deputy chief military observer Deputy Chief of Naval Operations debarkation control officer; Defense Connect Online; defense coordinating officer; dial central office Defense Continuity Program; detainee collection point Defense Civil Preparedness Agency digital clock pulse generator DOTMLPF change recommendation Defense Communications System; Defense Courier Service; deputy chief of staff; digital computer system dual capability servo control unit Deputy Chief of Staff for Reserve Affairs Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics, US Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, United States Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, United States Army Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) contingency support team Defense Collaboration Tool Suite Department of Defense (form); destroyer (Navy ship) Deputy Director for Administration (CIA); designated development activity unnamed day on which operations commence or are scheduled to commence data distribution center; defense distribution center Deputy Director of Central Intelligence (CIA) Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Community Management defense distribution expeditionary depot guided missile destroyer Deputy Director of Intelligence (CIA) digital data link digital data modem Defense Distribution Mapping Activity Deputy Director for Military Support Deputy Director of Operations (CIA) Deployment and Distribution Operations Center (USTRANSCOM) detailed deployment plan disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration director of defense research and engineering disarmament, demobilization, repatriation, reintegration, and resettlement JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DDS DDSM DDS&T DDWSO DE De de DEA dea DEACN DEAR DEARAS DeCA DEERS DEFCON DEFSMAC DEL DEMARC de max DEMIL de min de minimax DeMS DEMUX DEP DEP&S DEPCJTF DEPID DEPMEDS DepOpsDeps DEPORD DESC DESCOM DESIGAREA DEST DET DETRESFA DEW DF DFARS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms defense dissemination system; Deployable Disbursing System; dry deck shelter Defense Distinguished Service Medal Deputy Director for Science & Technology (CIA) Deputy Director for Wargaming, Simulation, and Operations damage expectancy; decedent effects; delay equalizer; directed energy total drift error individual drift error Drug Enforcement Administration aerospace drift error Drug Enforcement Administration Communications Network disease and environmental alert report Department of Defense (DOD) Emergency Authorities Retrieval and Analysis System Defense Commissary Agency Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System defense readiness condition Defense Special Missile and Aerospace Center deployable equipment list demarcation maximum drift error demilitarization minimum drift error minimax drift error deployment management system demultiplex Delayed Entry Program; deployed Drug Enforcement Plans and Support deputy commander, joint task force deployment indicator code deployable medical systems Service deputy operations deputies deployment order Defense Energy Support Center Depot System Command (Army) designated area message destination; domestic emergency support team detainee distress phase (ICAO) directed-energy warfare direction finding; dispersion factor; disposition form Department of Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement A-41 Appendix A DFAS DFAS-DE DFC DFE DFM DFO DFR DFR/E DFRIF DFR/ME DFSC DFSP DFT DG DGIAP DGM DH DHA DHB DHE DHHS DHM DHMO DHS DI DIA DIAC DIA/DHX DIAM DIAP DIAR DIB DIBITS DIBRS DIBTS DICO A-42 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Defense Finance and Accounting Service Defense Finance and Accounting Service-Denver deputy force commander; detention facility commander Defense Joint Intelligence Operations Center forward element; division force equivalent deterrent force module disaster field office (FEMA) Defense Fuel Region Defense Fuel Region, Europe Defense Freight Railway Interchange Fleet Defense Fuel Region, Middle East Defense Fuel Supply Center defense fuel support point deployment for training defense guidance Defense General Intelligence and Applications Program digital group multiplex death due to hostilities; Directorate for Human Intelligence (DIA) detainee holding area Defense Health Board defense human intelligence executor Department of Health and Human Services Department of Defense human intelligence manager Department of Defense human intelligence management office Defense Human Intelligence (HUMINT) Service; Department of Homeland Security; Director of Health Services Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Directorate for Analysis; DIA Directorate for Intelligence Production; discrete identifier; dynamic interface Defense Intelligence Agency Defense Intelligence Analysis Center Defense Intelligence Agency, Directorate of Human Intelligence, Office of Document and Media Operations Defense Intelligence Agency manual; Defense Intelligence Agency memorandum Defense Intelligence Analysis Program; Drug Interdiction Assistance Program Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) regulation defense industrial base digital in-band interswitch trunk signaling defense incident-based reporting system digital in-band trunk signaling Data Information Coordination Office JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DIDHS DIDO DIDS DIEB DIEPS DIG DIGO DII DII-COE DIILS DIJE DILPA DIMA DIMOC DIN DINET DINFOS DIOC DIOCC DIPC DIPFAC DIPGM DIRINT DIRJIATF DIRLAUTH DIRM DIRMOBFOR DIRNSA DIRSPACEFOR DIS DISA DISA-LO DISANMOC DisasterAWARE DISCOM DISGM DISN DISN-E DISO DISP DISUM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Deployable Intelligence Data Handling System designated intelligence disclosure official Defense Intelligence Dissemination System Defense Intelligence Executive Board Digital Imagery Exploitation Production System digital Defence Imagery and Geospatial Organisation defense information infrastructure defense information infrastructure-common operating environment Defense Institute of International Legal Studies Defense Intelligence Joint Environment diphase loop modem-A drilling individual mobilization augmentee Defense Imagery Management Operations Center defense intelligence notice Defense Industrial Net Defense Information School drug interdiction operations center Defense Intelligence Operations Coordination Center defense industrial plant equipment center diplomatic facility diphase supergroup modem Director of Intelligence (USMC) director, joint inter-agency task force direct liaison authorized Directorate for Information and Resource Management director of mobility forces Director, National Security Agency director of space forces (USAF) daily intelligence summary; defense information system; Defense Investigative Service; distributed interactive simulation Defense Information Systems Agency Defense Information Systems Agency - liaison officer Defense Information Systems Agency Network Management and Operations Center Disaster All-Hazard Warnings, Analysis, and Risk Evaluation System division support command (Army) diphase supergroup Defense Information Systems Network Defense Information Systems Network – Europe defense intelligence support office drug investigation support program (FAA) daily intelligence summary A-43 Appendix A DITDS DITSUM DJIOC DJS DJSM DJTFS DLA DLAM DLAR DLEA DLED DLD DLIS DLP DLPMA DLQ DLR DLSA DLSS DLTM DLTU DM DMA dmax DMB DMC DMD DMDC DME DMHS DMI DMIGS dmin DML DMLSS DMO DMORT DMOS DMPI DMRD DMRIS DMS A-44 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 defense information threat data system; defense intelligence threat data system defense intelligence terrorist summary Defense Joint Intelligence Operations Center Director, Joint Staff Director, Joint Staff memorandum deputy joint task force surgeon Defense Logistics Agency Defense Logistics Agency manual Defense Logistics Agency regulation drug law enforcement agency dedicated loop encryption device digital liaison detachment Defense Logistics Information Service data link processor diphase loop modem A deck landing qualification depot-level repairable Defense Legal Services Agency Defense Logistics Standard Systems digital line termination module digital line termination unit detection and monitoring Defense Media Activity maximum drift distance datum marker buoy data mode control digital message device defense management data center; defense manpower data center distance measuring equipment Defense Message Handling System director military intelligence Domestic Mobile Integrated Geospatial-Intelligence System minimum drift distance data manipulation language Defense Medical Logistics Standard Support directory maintenance official Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team duty military occupational specialty designated mean point of impact; desired mean point of impact defense management resource decision defense medical regulating information system defense message system; defense meteorological system; director of military support JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DMSB DMSM DMSO DMSP DMSSC DMT DMU DMZ DN DNA DNAT DNBI DNBI casualty DNC DND DNDO DNGA DNI DNIF DNMSP DNSO DNVT DNY DOA DOB DOC DOCC DOCDIV DOCEX DOCNET DOD DODAAC DODAAD DODAC DOD DODD DODDS DODEX DODFMR DODI DODIC DODID DODIIS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Defense Medical Standardization Board Defense Meritorious Service Medal Defense Modeling and Simulation Office; director of major staff office; Division Medical Supply Office Defense Meteorological Satellite Program defense medical systems support center disaster management team (UN) disk memory unit demilitarized zone digital nonsecure Defense Nuclear Agency; deoxyribonucleic acid defense nuclear advisory team disease and nonbattle injury disease and nonbattle injury casualty digital nautical chart Department of National Defence Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Director of National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Director of National Intelligence; Director of Naval Intelligence duty not involving flying driftnet monitoring support program Defense Network Systems Organization digital nonsecure voice terminal display area code (NYX) routing days of ammunition; dead on arrival; director of administration date of birth; dispersal operating base Department of Commerce; designed operational capability deep operations coordination cell documents division document exploitation Doctrine Networked Education and Training Department of Defense Department of Defense activity address code Department of Defense Activity Address Directory ammunition code Department of Defense directive Department of Defense Dependent Schools Department of Defense intelligence system information system extension Department of Defense Financial Management Regulation Department of Defense instruction Department of Defense identification code Department of Defense Intelligence Digest Department of Defense Intelligence Information System A-45 Appendix A DODIPC DODIPP DOD-JIC DODM DOE DOF DOI DOJ DOL DOM DOMEX DOMS DON DOPMA DOR DOS DOT DOTEO DOTMLPF DOW DOX-T DOY DP dp DPA DPAP DPAS DPC DPEC DPI dpi DPICM DPKO DPLSM DPM DPMO DPO DPP DPPDB DPQ A-46 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Department of Defense intelligence production community Department of Defense Intelligence Production Program Department of Defense Joint Intelligence Center data orderwire diphase modem Department of Energy degree of freedom Defense Special Security Communications System (DSSCS) Operating Instructions; Department of Interior Department of Justice Department of Labor day of month document and media exploitation director of military support Department of the Navy Defense Officer Personnel Management Act date of rank date of separation; days of supply; denial of service; Department of State; disk operating system Department of Transportation Department of Transportation emergency organization doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel, and facilities data orderwire; died of wounds direct operational exchange-tactical day of year Air Force component plans officer (staff); decisive point; Directorate for Policy Support (DIA); displaced person parachute drift danger pay allowance; Defense Production Act Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy Defense Priorities and Allocation System deception planning cell; Defense Planning Committee (NATO) displaced person exploitation cell desired point of impact dots per inch dual purpose improved conventional munitions Department of Peacekeeping Operations (UN) dipulse group modem dissemination program manager Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office distribution process owner data patch panel; distributed production program digital point positioning database defense planning questionnaire (NATO) JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DPR DPRB DPRE DPS DPSC DPSK DR DRB DRe DRL DRMD DRMO DRMS DRN DRO DRRS DRS DRSN DRT DRTC DS DSA DSAA DSAID DSAR DSB DSC DSCA DSCP DSCR DSCS DSCSOC DSDI DSF DSG DSI DSL DSM DSMAC DSN DSNET DSNET-2 JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms display non-nodal routing Defense Planning and Resources Board displaced persons, refugees, and evacuees data processing system Defense Personnel Support Center differential phase shift keying dead reckoning; digital receiver; disaster relief Defense Resources Board dead reckoning error Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (DOS) deployments requirements manning document Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service; distance root-mean-square Disaster Response Network departmental requirements office Defense Readiness Reporting System detainee reporting system Defense Red Switched Network dead reckoning tracer designated reporting technical control Directorate for Information Systems and Services (DIA); direct support; doctrine sponsor defense special assessment (DIA); defensive sea area Defense Security Assistance Agency defense sexual assault incident database Defense Supply Agency regulation digital in-band trunk signaling (DIBTS) signaling buffer defensive space control; digital selective calling Defense Security Cooperation Agency; defense support of civil authorities Defense Supply Center Philadelphia Defense Supply Center Richmond Defense Satellite Communications System Defense Satellite Communications System operations center digital simple data interface District Stability Framework (USAID) digital signal generator defense simulation internet display switch locator (SL) routing decision support matrix digital scene-matching area correlation Defense Switched Network Defense Secure Network Defense Secure Network-2 A-47 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DSO DSOE DSP DSPD DSPL DSPS DSR DSS DSS/ALOC DSSCS DSSM DSSO defensive systems officer deployment schedule of events Defense Satellite Program; Defense Support Program defense support to public diplomacy display system programming language Director, Security Plans and Service defense source registry Defense Security Service; Distribution Standard System direct support system/air line of communications Defense Special Security Communications System Defense Superior Service Medal data system support organization; defense sensitive support office; defense systems support organization Department of State Standardized Regulation decision support template; Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) support team; deployment support team Director of Strategic Target Planning destroy Defense Information Systems Network (DISN) Satellite Transmission Services - Global doppler sonar velocity log digital subscriber voice terminal Directorate for MASINT and Technical Collection (DIA) Defense Threat Assessment; dynamic threat assessment defense terrorism awareness message Defense Transportation Coordination Initiative detailed troop decontamination data terminal equipment; developmental test and evaluation digital terrain elevation data date-time group; digital trunk group (digital transmission group) Disruptive Technology Innovations Partnership (DIA) designator target line dual tone multi-frequency defense traffic management regulation division transportation office; drug trafficking organization division tactical operations center defense transportation regulation Defense Threat Reduction Agency Defense Transportation Reporting and Control System Defense Threat Reduction and Treaty Compliance Agency Defense Transportation System; Defense Travel System; diplomatic telecommunications service Defense Transportation Tracking System defense terrorism warning report DSSR DST DSTP DSTR DSTS-G DSVL DSVT DT DTA DTAM DTCI DTD DTE DTED DTG DTIP DTL DTMF DTMR DTO DTOC DTR DTRA DTRACS DTRATCA DTS DTTS DTWR A-48 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 DU DUSD (CI&S) DUSDL DUSD(L&MR) DUSDP DUSTWUN DV DVA DVD DVITS DVOW DVT DWAS DWMCF DWRIA DWT DWTS DX DZ DZC DZCO DZSO DZST DZSTL Abbreviations and Acronyms depleted uranium Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Counterintelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Logistics Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Logistics and Materiel Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy duty status-whereabouts unknown distinguished visitor Department of Veterans Affairs digital video device; digital video disc Digital Video Imagery Transmission System digital voice orderwire deployment visualization tool Defense Working Capital Accounting System double-wide modular causeway ferry died of wounds received in action deadweight tonnage Digital Wideband Transmission System Directorate for External Relations (DIA) drop zone drop zone controller drop zone control officer drop zone safety officer drop zone support team drop zone support team leader E E E&DCP E&E E&EE E&I E&M E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E-8C EA ea JP 1-02 total probable error evaluation and data collection plan emergency and extraordinary expense authority; evasion and escape emergency and extraordinary expense engineering and installation ear and mouth; special signaling leads Echelon 1 Echelon 2 Echelon 3; electromagnetic environmental effects Echelon 4 Echelon 5 joint surveillance, target attack radar system (JSTARS) aircraft electronic attack; emergency action; evaluation agent; executive agent; executive assistant each A-49 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 EDC EDD echelons above corps (Army); emergency action; emergency action committee expeditionary aeromedical evacuation crew member support expeditionary aeromedical evacuation coordination team earliest arrival date; echelons above division (Army); extended active duty Euro-Atlantic disaster response unit Eastern Air Defense Sector expeditionary aeromedical evacuation squadron expeditionary aerospace forces; expeditionary airfield executive agent instruction earliest anticipated launch time emergency action message emergency action plan; emergency action procedures Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council emergency action procedures of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff evasion and recovery supplemental data report en route automated radar tracking system expeditionary aeromedical staging facility expeditionary aeromedical evacuation staging team eastern Pacific Ocean extended binary coded decimal interchange code environmental baseline survey electronic combat; enemy combatant; error control; European Community Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Center echelons corps and below (Army) engineer coordination cell; evacuation control center expeditionary civil engineer squadron Executive Committee for Humanitarian Affairs (UN) European Community Humanitarian Aid Department electronic countermeasures electronic change notice; Minimum Essential Emergency Communications Network electronic combat officer Economic and Social Council (UN) emergency command precedence; engineering change proposal; entry control point expeditionary combat support environmental control unit envelope delay; evaluation directive Economic Development Administration (DOC); excess defense articles estimated date of completion earliest delivery date A-50 JP 1-02 EAC EACS EACT EAD EADRU EADS EAES EAF EAI EALT EAM EAP EAPC EAP-CJCS EARLY E-ARTS EASF EAST EASTPAC EBCDIC EBS EC ECAC ECB ECC ECES ECHA ECHO ECM ECN ECO ECOSOC ECP ECS ECU ED EDA As Amended Through 15 November 2011 EDI EDSS EE EEA EEBD EECT EED EEDAC EEE EEFI EEI EELV EEO EEPROM EER EEZ EFA EFAC EFD EFP EFST EFT EFTO EGAT EGM EGS EH EHCC EHF EHO EHRA EHSA EHT EI EIA EID EIS e-JMAPS ELBA ELCAS ELCAS(M) ELCAS(NL) ELD ELECTRO-OPTINT ELINT JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms electronic data interchange equipment deployment and storage system emergency establishment environmental executive agent emergency escape breathing device end evening civil twilight electro-explosive device; emergency-essential designation emergency essential Department of the Army civilian emergency and extraordinary expense essential elements of friendly information essential element of information evolved expendable launch vehicle equal employment opportunity electronic erasable programmable read-only memory enlisted employee review; extended echo ranging exclusive economic zone engineering field activity emergency family assistance center engineering field division explosively formed projectile essential fire support task electronic funds transfer encrypt for transmission only Bureau of Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade (USAID) Earth Gravity Model Earth ground station explosive hazard explosive hazards coordination cell extremely high frequency environmental health officer environmental health risk assessment environmental health site assessment explosive hazard team environmental information; exercise item Electronic Industries Association electrically initiated device Environmental Impact Statement Electronic Joint Manpower and Personnel System emergency locator beacon elevated causeway system elevated causeway system (modular) elevated causeway system (Navy lighterage) emitter locating data electro-optical intelligence electronic intelligence A-51 Appendix A ELIST ELOS ELPP ELR ELSEC ELT ELV ELVA EM EMAC E-mail EMALL EMC EMCON EMCON orders EMD EME EMEDS EMF EMI EMIO EMP EMR hazards EMS EMSEC EMT EMTF EMV ENCOM ENDEX ENL ENSCE ENWGS EO EOB EOC EOD EODMU-1 EOI EO-IR EO-IR CM EOL A-52 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 enhanced logistics intratheater support tool extended line of sight equal level patch panel extra-long-range aircraft electronics security emergency locator transmitter expendable launch vehicle emergency low-visibility approach electromagnetic; emergency management; executive manager emergency management assistance compact electronic mail electronic mall electromagnetic compatibility emission control emission control orders effective miss distance electromagnetic environment Expeditionary Medical Support expeditionary medical facility electromagnetic interface; electromagnetic interference expanded maritime interception operations electromagnetic pulse electromagnetic radiation hazards electromagnetic spectrum; emergency medical services emanations security emergency medical technician; emergency medical treatment expeditionary mobility task force electromagnetic vulnerability engineer command (Army) exercise termination enlisted enemy situation correlation element Enhanced Naval Warfare Gaming System electro-optical; end office; equal opportunity; executive order; eyes only electronic order of battle; enemy order of battle early operational capability; emergency operating center; emergency operations center explosive ordnance disposal explosive ordnance disposal mobile unit one electro-optic(al) imagery electro-optical-infrared electro-optical-infrared countermeasure end of link JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 EOM EOP E-O TDA EOW EP EPA EPBX EPC EPF EPH EPIC EPIRB EPLO EPROM EPW EPW/CI ERC ERDC ERGM ERO ERRO ERSD ERT ERT-A ERU ERW ES ESB ESC ESF ESG ESGN ESI ESK ESM ESO ESOC ESORTS ESP ESR JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms end of message emergency operating procedures electro-optical tactical decision aid engineering orderwire electronic protection; emergency preparedness; emergency procedures; execution planning Environmental Protection Agency; evasion plan of action electronic private branch exchange Emergency Procurement Committee enhanced palletized load system (PLS) flatrack emergency planning handbook El Paso Intelligence Center emergency position-indicating radio beacon emergency preparedness liaison officer erasable programmable read-only memory enemy prisoner of war enemy prisoner of war/civilian internee exercise related construction Engineer Research and Development Center extended range guided munitions engine running on or offload Emergency Response and Recovery Office estimated return to service date emergency response team (FEMA); engineer reconnaissance team emergency response team - advance element emergency response unit explosive remnants of war electronic warfare support engineer support battalion Electronics Systems Center; expeditionary sustainment command Economic Support Fund; emergency support function executive steering group; expeditionary strike group electrically suspended gyro navigation extremely sensitive information electronic staff weather officer kit expeditionary site mapping embarkation staff officer; environmental science officer; Expeditionary Support Organization (DFAS) Emergency Supply Operations Center Enhanced Status of Resources and Training System engineer support plan external supported recovery A-53 Appendix A EST ET ETA ETAC ETD ETF ETI ETIC ETM ETPL ETR ETS ETSS ETX EU E-UAV EUB EURV EUSA EUSC EUSCS EVC EVE EW EWC EWCC EWCS EW/GCI EWIR EWO EXCIMS ExCom EXDIR EXDIR/ICA EXECSEC EXER EXORD EXPLAN EZ EZCO EZM A-54 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 embarked security team; emergency service team; emergency support team (FEMA); en route support team electronics technician estimated time of arrival emergency tactical air control estimated time of departure electronic target folder estimated time of intercept estimated time for completion; estimated time in commission electronic transmission; essential tasks matrix endorsed TEMPEST products list export traffic release European telephone system extended training service specialist end of text European Union endurance unmanned aerial vehicle essential user bypass essential user rekeying variable Eighth US Army effective United States control/controlled effective United States-controlled ships evasion chart equal value exchange early warning; electronic warfare electronic warfare coordinator electronic warfare coordination cell electronic warfare control ship early warning/ground-controlled intercept electronic warfare integrated reprogramming electronic warfare officer Executive Council for Modeling and Simulations executive committee Executive Director (CIA) Executive Director for Intelligence Community Affairs (USG) executive secretary exercise execute order exercise plan exchange zone extraction zone control officer engagement zone manager JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms F F F2T2EA F&ES FA FAA FAAO FAAR FAC FAC(A) FACE FACSFAC FACT FAD F/AD FAE FAH FALD FALOP FAM FAMP FAO FAPES FAR FARC FARP FAS FASCAM FAST FAX FB FBI FBIS FBO FC FCA FCC JP 1-02 Fahrenheit; flare patterns; flash find, fix, track, target, engage, and assess fire and emergency services feasibility assessment; field artillery Federal Aviation Administration; Foreign Assistance Act Federal Aviation Administration order facilitated after-action review forward air controller forward air controller (airborne) forward aviation combat engineering fleet area control and surveillance facility field advance civilian team; field assessment and coordination team feasible arrival date force/activity designator fuel air explosive foreign affairs handbook Field Administration and Logistics Division Forward Area Limited Observing Program functional area manager forward area minefield planning Food and Agriculture Organization (UN); foreign area officer Force Augmentation Planning and Execution System Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Aviation Regulation Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia forward arming and refueling point Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA); frequency assignment subcommittee; fueling at sea; functional account symbol family of scatterable mines field assessment surveillance team; fleet antiterrorism security team facsimile forward boundary Federal Bureau of Investigation Foreign Broadcast Information Service faith-based organization field circular; final coordination; fires cell (Army); floating causeway; floating craft; force commander Foreign Claims Act; functional configuration audit Federal Communications Commission; Federal coordinating center; functional combatant commander A-55 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 FET FEU FEZ FF Ff FFA FFC forward command element foreign clearance guide foreign consequence management federal coordinating officer fire control party firepower control team from temporary duty Food and Drug Administration functional database manager fire direction center force description fast deployment logistics flight deck landing practice frequency division multiplexing fire direction officer; flexible deterrent option; flight deck officer; foreign disclosure officer flight data recorder/fault analyzer fault detection system fixed directory subscriber list fault detection subsystem flight deck status and signaling system forward distribution team fixed directory unit list full duplex facilities engineering front-end analysis forward edge of the battle area facilities engineering command; forward error correction fires and effects coordination cell federal standard frequency exchange keying Federal Emergency Management Agency fleet satellite (FLTSAT) extremely high frequency (EHF) package federal excess personal property; foreign excess personal property fire emergency services foreign emergency support team; forward engineer support team facility engineer team forty-foot equivalent unit fighter engagement zone navy fast frigate fatigue correction factor free-fire area force fires coordinator A-56 JP 1-02 FCE FCG FCM FCO FCP FCT FD FDA FDBM FDC FDESC FDL FDLP FDM FDO FDR/FA FDS FDSL FDSS FDSSS FDT FDUL FDX FE FEA FEBA FEC FECC FED-STD FEK FEMA FEP FEPP FES FEST As Amended Through 15 November 2011 FFCC FFD FFE FFG FFH FFH-net FFHT-net FFIR FFP FFTU FG FGMDSS FGS FH FHA FHC F-hour FHP FHWA FI FIA FIC FID FIDAF FIE FIFO FinCEN FIR FIRCAP 1st IOC FIS FISC FISINT FISS FIST FIWC FIXe FLAR FLENUMMETOCCEN FLENUMMETOCDET JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms flight ferry control center; force fires coordination center (USMC) foundation feature data field force engineering; flame field expedients guided missile frigate fast frequency hopping fast-frequency-hopping net fast-frequency-hopping training net friendly force information requirement Food for Peace; fresh frozen plasma forward freight terminal unit fighter group Future Global Maritime Distress and Safety System final governing standard fleet hospital Bureau for Food and Humanitarian Assistance; Federal Highway Administration; foreign humanitarian assistance family help center effective time of announcement by the Secretary of Defense to the Military Departments of a decision to mobilize Reserve units force health protection Federal Highway Administration foreign intelligence functional interoperability architecture force indicator code foreign internal defense foreign internal defense augmentation force fly-in echelon; foreign intelligence entity first-in-first-out Financial Crimes Enforcement Network first-impressions report; flight information region foreign intelligence requirements capabilities and priorities 1st Information Operations Command (Land) flight information service; Foreign Intelligence Service fleet and industrial supply center foreign instrumentation signals intelligence foreign intelligence and security services fire support team; fleet imagery support terminal; fleet intelligence support team fleet information warfare center navigational fix error forward-looking airborne radar Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center Fleet Numerical Meteorological and Oceanographic Detachment A-57 Appendix A FLETC FLIP FLIR FLITE FLO/FLO FLOLS FLOT FLP FLS FLSG FLTSAT FLTSATCOM FM FMA-net FMAS FMAT FMC FMCH FMCR FMCSA FMI FMF FMFP FMID FMO FMP FMS FMSC FMT-net FMV FN FNMOC FNMOD FNOC FNS FO FOB FOC FOD FOFW FOG FOI A-58 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Federal Law Enforcement Training Center flight information publication; flight instruction procedures forward-looking infrared federal legal information through electronics float-on/float-off fresnel lens optical landing system forward line of own troops force level planning forward logistic site force logistic support group fleet satellite fleet satellite communications field manual (Army); financial management; flare multiunit; force module; frequency modulation; functional manager frequency management A-net foreign media analysis subsystem financial management augmentation team force movement characteristics; full mission-capable fleet multichannel Fleet Marine Corps Reserve Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration field manual-interim Fleet Marine Force foreign military financing program force module identifier frequency management office; functional manager office foreign materiel program force module subsystem; foreign military sales frequency management sub-committee frequency management training net full motion video foreign nation Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center Fleet Numerical Meteorological and Oceanographic Detachment Fleet Numerical Oceanographic Command foreign nation support fiber optic; flash override; forward observer forward operating base; forward operations base full operational capability; future operations cell field operations division; foreign object damage fiber optic field wire Field Operations Guide for Disaster Assessment and Response fault detection isolation JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 FOIA FOIU FOL FON FOO FORCE FORMICA FORSCOM FORSTAT FOS FOT FOUO FOV FP FPA FPC FPCON FPD FPF FPM FPO FPOC FPS FPTAS FPTS FPWG FR FRA FRAG FRAGORD FRC FRD FREQ FRERP FRF FRMAC FRO FROG FRP FRRS FRTP FS fs FSA JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Freedom of Information Act fiber optic interface unit fiber optic link; forward operating location freedom of navigation (operations) field ordering officer fuels operational readiness capability equipment (Air Force) foreign military intelligence collection activities United States Army Forces Command force status and identity report forward operating site; full operational status follow-on operational test for official use only field of view force protection; frequency panel foreign policy advisor final planning conference; future plans cell force protection condition force protection detachment; foreign post differential final protective fire Federal personnel manual fleet post office focal point operations center Federal Protective Service; force protection source flight path threat analysis simulation forward propagation by tropospheric scatter force protection working group final report; frequency response Federal Railroad Administration (DOT) fragmentation code fragmentary order federal resource coordinator; forward resuscitative care formerly restricted data frequency Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan fragment retention film Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (DOE) flexible response option free rocket over ground Federal response plan (USG) frequency resource record system fleet response training plan fighter squadron; file separator; file server; flare single-unit search radius safety factor fire support area A-59 Appendix A FSB FSC FSCC FSCL FSCM FSCOORD FSE FSEM FSF FSI FSK FSN FSO FSP FSR FSRT FSS FSSG FSST FST FSU FSW ft ft3 FTC FTCA FTN FTP FTRG FTS FTU FTX FUAC FUNCPLAN F/V Fv FVT FW FWD FWDA FWF FY FYDP A-60 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 fire support base; forward staging base; forward support base; forward support battalion fire support cell; fire support coordinator (USMC) fire support coordination center (USMC) fire support coordination line fire support coordination measure fire support coordinator (Army) fire support element fire support execution matrix foreign security forces Foreign Service Institute frequency shift key foreign service national fire support officer; flight safety officer; foreign service officer functional support plan field service representative fatality search and recovery team fast sealift ship; fire support station; flight service station force service support group (USMC) forward space support to theater fleet surgical team former Soviet Union; forward support unit feet of seawater feet; foot cubic feet Federal Trade Commission Foreign Tort Claims Act force tracking number file transfer protocol fleet tactical readiness group Federal Telecommunications System; Federal telephone service; file transfer service field training unit; freight terminal unit field training exercise functional area code functional plan fishing vessel aircraft speed correction factor Force Validation Tool fighter wing; fixed-wing; weather correction factor forward friendly weapon danger area former warring factions fiscal year Future Years Defense Program JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms G G-1 G-2 G-2X G-3 G-4 G-6 G-7 G/A GA GAA GAFS GAMSS GAO GAR GARS GAT GATB GATES GB GBL GBR GBS GBU GC GC3A GC4A GCA JP 1-02 Army or Marine Corps component manpower or personnel staff officer (Army division or higher staff, Marine Corps brigade or higher staff) Army or Marine Corps component intelligence staff officer (Army division or higher staff, Marine Corps brigade or higher staff) Army counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element Army or Marine Corps component operations staff officer (Army division or higher staff, Marine Corps brigade or higher staff) Army or Marine Corps component logistics staff officer (Army division or higher staff, Marine Corps brigade or higher staff); Assistant Chief of Staff for Logistics Army or Marine Corps component command, control, communications, and computer systems staff officer; assistant chief of staff for communications information operations staff officer (ARFOR) ground to air Tabun, a nerve agent general agency agreement; geospatial intelligence assessment activity General Accounting and Finance System Global Air Mobility Support System General Accounting Office; Government Accountability Office gateway access request Global Area Reference System governmental assistance team guidance, apportionment, and targeting board Global Air Transportation Execution System group buffer; Sarin, a nerve agent government bill of lading ground-based radar Global Broadcast Service; Global Broadcast System guided bomb unit general counsel; Geneva Convention; Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War global command, control, and communications assessment global command, control, communications, and computer assessment ground controlled approach A-61 Appendix A GCC GCCC GCCS GCCS-A GCCS-I3 GCCS-J GCCS-M GCI GCM GCP GCRI GCS GCSC GCSS GCSS-J GCTN GD GDF GDIP GDIPP GDP GDSS GE GEF GEM GENADMIN GENSER GENTEXT GEO GEOCODE GEOFILE GEOINT GEOLOC GEOREF GF GFE GFI GFM GFMAP GFMB GFMIG A-62 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 geographic combatant commander; global contingency construction global contingency construction contract Global Command and Control System Global Command and Control System-Army Global Command and Control System Integrated Imagery and Intelligence Global Command and Control System-Joint Global Command and Control System-Maritime ground control intercept global container manager; Global Information Grid (GIG) Content Management ground commander’s pointer general collective routing indicator (RI) ground control station global contingency service contract Global Command Support System Global Combat Support System - Joint global combating terrorism network Soman, a nerve agent gridded data field; Guidance for Development of the Force General Defense Intelligence Program General Defense Intelligence Proposed Program General Defense Plan (SACEUR): gross domestic product Global Decision Support System general engineering Guidance for Employment of the Force Global Information Grid (GIG) Enterprise Management general admin (message) general service (message) general text geosynchronous Earth orbit geographic code geolocation code file; standard specified geographic location file geospatial intelligence geographic location; geographic location code geographic reference; world geographic reference system a nerve agent government-furnished equipment government-furnished information Global Force Management; global freight management; government-furnished material Global Force Management Allocation Plan Global Force Management Board Global Force Management Implementation Guidance JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 GFMPL GFOAR GFS GFU GHz GI GI&S GIAC GIBCO GIC GIE GIG GII GIP GIS GL GLCM GLINT GLO GLTD GM GMD GMDSS GMF GMFP GMI GMLRS GMR GMRS GMS GMTI GNA GNC GNCC GND GNSC GO GOCO GOES GOGO GOS GOSG JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Graphics Fleet Mission Program Library global family of operation plans assessment report global fleet station group framing unit gigahertz geomatics and imagery geospatial information and services graphic input aggregate control geospatial intelligence base for contingency operations (gabarit international de chargement) international loading gauge global information environment Global Information Grid global information infrastructure gridded installation photograph geographic information system; geospatial information systems government leased ground launched cruise missile gated laser intensifier ground liaison officer ground laser target designator group modem global missile defense; ground-based midcourse defense; group mux and/or demux Global Maritime Distress and Safety System ground mobile force global military force policy general military intelligence Global Positioning System Multiple Launch Rocket System graduated mobilization response; ground mobile radar global mobility readiness squadron global mobility squadron ground moving target indicator Global Information Grid (GIG) Network Assurance Global Network Operations Center global network operations (NETOPS) center Global Information Grid (GIG) Network Defense global network operations (NETOPS) support center government owned government-owned, contractor-operated geostationary operational environmental satellite government-owned, government-operated grade of service general officer steering group A-63 Appendix A GOTS GP GPC GPD GPE GPEE GPL GPM GPMDM GPMRC GPS GPW GQ GR GRASP GRCA GRG GRL GRREG GS GSA GSE GSI GSM GSO GSORTS GS-R GSR GSSA GSSC gt GTAS GTL GTM GTN GUARD GUARDS G/VLLD GW GWC GWEN GWOT A-64 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 government off-the-shelf general purpose; group government purchase card gallons per day geospatial intelligence preparation of the environment general purpose encryption equipment Geospatial Product Library gallons per minute; global pallet manager group modem Global Patient Movement Requirements Center Global Positioning System Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War general quarters graduated response general retrieval and sort processor ground reference coverage area gridded reference graphic global reach laydown graves registration general service; general support; group separator General Services Administration ground support equipment glide slope indicator ground station module general services officer Global Status of Resources and Training System general support-reinforcing general support-reinforcing; ground surveillance radar general supply support area global satellite communications (SATCOM) support center gross ton ground-to-air signals gun-target line global transportation management Global Transportation Network US National Guard and Air Guard General Unified Ammunition Reporting Data System ground/vehicle laser locator designator guerrilla warfare global weather central Ground Wave Emergency Network global war on terrorism JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 GWS GWS Sea Abbreviations and Acronyms Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded, Sick, and Shipwrecked Members of the Armed Forces at Sea H H&I H&S HA HAARS HAC HACC HAHO HALO HAP HAP-EP HARM HARP HAST HATR HAZ HAZMAT HB HBCT HCA HCAS HCL HCO HCP HCS HCT HD HDC HDCU HDM HDO HDPLX HDR HDTC HE JP 1-02 harassing and interdicting headquarters and service holding area; humanitarian assistance high-altitude airdrop resupply system helicopter aircraft commander; human intelligence analysis cell humanitarian assistance coordination center high-altitude high-opening parachute technique high-altitude low-opening parachute technique humanitarian assistance program humanitarian assistance program-excess property high-speed antiradiation missile high altitude release point humanitarian assistance survey team hazardous air traffic report hazardous cargo hazardous materials heavy boat heavy brigade combat team head of contracting activity; humanitarian and civic assistance hostile casualty hydrochloride helicopter control officer hardcopy printer helicopter combat support (Navy); helicopter coordination section human intelligence (HUMINT) collection team a mustard agent; harmonic distortion; homeland defense harbor defense commander; helicopter direction center harbor defense command unit humanitarian demining humanitarian demining operations half duplex humanitarian daily ration Humanitarian Demining Training Center heavy equipment; high explosive A-65 Appendix A HEAT HEC HEFOE HEI HEL-H HEL-L HEL-M HELO HEMP HEMTT HEO HEPA HERF HERO HERP HET HEWSweb HF HFDF HFP HFRB HH HHC HHD H-hour HHQ HHS HIC HICAP HIDACZ HIDTA HIFR HIMAD HIMARS HIMEZ HIRSS HIRTA HIU HIV HJ HLPS HLZ HM A-66 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 helicopter external air transport; high explosive antitank helicopter element coordinator hydraulic electrical fuel oxygen engine high explosives incendiary heavy helicopter light helicopter medium helicopter helicopter high-altitude electromagnetic pulse heavy expanded mobile tactical truck highly elliptical orbit high efficiency particulate air hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels electromagnetic radiation hazards; hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel heavy equipment transporter; human intelligence exploitation team Humanitarian Early Warning Service high frequency high-frequency direction finding hostile fire pay high frequency regional broadcast homing pattern headquarters and headquarters company headquarters and headquarters detachment seaborne assault landing hour; specific time an operation or exercise begins higher headquarters Department of Health and Human Services humanitarian information center high-capacity firefighting foam station high-density airspace control zone high-intensity drug trafficking area helicopter in-flight refueling high to medium altitude air defense High Mobility Artillery Rocket System high-altitude missile engagement zone hover infrared suppressor subsystem high intensity radio transmission area humanitarian information unit (DOS) human immunodeficiency virus crypto key change heavy-lift pre-position ship helicopter landing zone hazardous material JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 HMA HMH HMIRS HMIS HMLA HMM HMMWV HMOD HMW HN HNS HNSA HNSCC HOB HOC HOCC HOD HOGE HOIS HOM HOSTAC HPA HPMSK HPT HPTL HQ HQCOMDT HQDA HQFM-net HQFMT-net HQMC HR HRB HRC HRF HRJTF HRO HRP HRS HRT HS HSAC HSAS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms humanitarian mine action Marine heavy helicopter squadron Hazardous Material Information Resource System Hazardous Material Information System Marine light/attack helicopter squadron Marine medium helicopter squadron high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle harbormaster operations detachment health, morale, and welfare host nation host-nation support host-nation support agreement host-nation support coordination cell height of burst human intelligence operations cell; humanitarian operations center humanitarian operations coordination center head of delegation hover out of ground effect hostile intelligence service head of mission helicopter operations from ships other than aircraft carriers (USN publication) high power amplifier high priority mission support kit high-payoff target high-payoff target list HAVE QUICK; headquarters headquarters commandant Headquarters, Department of the Army HAVE QUICK frequency modulation net HAVE QUICK frequency modulation training net Headquarters, Marine Corps helicopter request; hostage rescue high-risk billet high-risk-of-capture; Human Resources Command homeland response force humanitarian relief joint task force humanitarian relief organizations high-risk personnel; human remains pouch horizon reference system hostage rescue team helicopter antisubmarine (Navy); homeland security; homing single-unit Homeland Security Advisory Council Homeland Security Advisory System A-67 Appendix A HSB HSC HSCDM HSC/PC HSC/PCC HSD HSE HSEP HSI HSLS HSM HSPD HSPR HSS HSSDB HST HT HTERRCAS HTG HTH HU HUD HUMINT HUMRO HUMRO OCP HUS HVA HVAA HVAC HVI HVT HW HWM HYE Hz As Amended Through 15 November 2011 high speed boat helicopter sea combat (Navy); Homeland Security Council high speed cable driver modem Homeland Security Council Principals Committee Homeland Security Council Policy Coordination Committee human intelligence support detachment headquarters support element; human intelligence support element (DIA) hospital surgical expansion package (USAF) hyperspectral imagery; Office of Homeland Security Investigations (DHS) health service logistic support humanitarian service medal homeland security Presidential directive high speed pulse restorer health service support high speed serial data buffer helicopter support team hatch team hostile terrorist casualty hard target graphic high test hypochlorite hospital unit head-up display human intelligence humanitarian relief operation humanitarian relief operation operational capability package hardened unique storage high-value asset high value airborne asset heating, ventilation, and air conditioning high-value individual high-value target hazardous waste high water mark high-yield explosives hertz I I I&A I&W IA A-68 immediate; individual Office of Intelligence and Analysis indications and warning implementing arrangement; individual augmentee; information assurance; initial assessment JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 IAC IACG IADB IADS IAEA IAF IAIP IAM IAMSAR IAP IAR IASC IATA IATACS IATO IAVM IAW I/B IBB IBCT IBES IBM IBS IBU IC IC3 ICAD ICAF ICAO ICAT ICBM ICC ICD ICDC ICDS ICE ICEDEFOR ICEPP IC/EXCOM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Interagency Advisory Council interagency coordination group Inter-American Defense Board integrated air defense system International Atomic Energy Agency (UN) initial approach fix Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection inertially aided munition International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue manual international airport interoperability assessment report Inter-Agency Standing Committee (UN); interim acting service chief International Air Transport Association Improved Army Tactical Communications System interim authority to operate information assurance vulnerability management in accordance with inboard International Broadcasting Bureau infantry brigade combat team intelligence budget estimate submission International Business Machines Integrated Booking System; integrated broadcast service; Integrated Broadcast System inshore boat unit incident commander; intelligence community; intercept integrated command, control, and communications individual concern and deficiency Interagency Conflict Assessment Framework International Civil Aviation Organization interagency conflict assessment team intercontinental ballistic missile information coordination center; Intelligence Coordination Center; International Criminal Court; Interstate Commerce Commission international classifications of diseases; International Cooperation and Development Program (USDA) Intelligence Community Deputies Committee improved container delivery system Immigration and Customs Enforcement Iceland Defense Forces Incident Communications Emergency Policy and Procedures Intelligence Community Executive Committee A-69 Appendix A ICF ICG ICIS ICITAP ICM ICN ICNIA ICOD ICODES ICON ICP ICPC ICR ICRC ICRI ICS ICSF ICSAR ICU ICVA ICW ID IDAD IDB IDCA IDDF IDEAS IDEX IDF IDHS ID/IQ IDM IDNDR IDO IDP IDRA A-70 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 intelligence contingency funds interagency core group integrated consumable item support International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program (DOJ) image city map; improved conventional munitions; integrated collection management idle channel noise; interface control net integrated communications, navigation, and identification avionics intelligence cutoff data integrated computerized deployment system imagery communications and operations node; intermediate coordination node incident command post; intertheater communications security (COMSEC) package; interface change proposal; inventory control point Intelligence Community Principals Committee Intelligence Collection Requirements International Committee of the Red Cross interswitch collective routing indicator incident command system; internal communications system; inter-Service chaplain support integrated command communications system framework interagency committee on search and rescue intensive care unit; interface control unit International Council of Voluntary Agencies in coordination with identification; identifier; initiating directive internal defense and development integrated database International Development Cooperation Agency intermediate data distribution facility Intelligence Data Elements Authorized Standards imagery data exploitation system intermediate distribution frame intelligence data handling system indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity improved data modem; information dissemination management International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (UN) installation deployment officer imagery derived product; imminent danger pay; internally displaced person infectious disease risk assessment JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 IDS IDSRS IDSS IDT IDZ IEB IED IEDD IEEE IEL IEMATS IER IES IESS IEW IF IFC IFCS IFF IFFN IFF/SIF IFO IFP IFR IFRC IFSAR IG IGE IGL IGO IGSM IHADSS IHC IHO IHS IIB IICL IICT IIM IIP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms individual deployment site; integrated deployment system; interface design standards; intrusion detection system Integrated Defense Source Registration System interoperability decision support system inactive duty training inner defense zone intelligence exploitation base improvised explosive device improvised explosive device defeat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers illustrative evaluation scenario improved emergency message automatic transmission system information exchange requirement imagery exploitation system imagery exploitation support system intelligence and electronic warfare intermediate frequency intelligence fusion center improved fire control system identification, friend or foe identification, friend, foe, or neutral identification, friend or foe/selective identification feature integrated financial operations integrated force package instrument flight rules International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies interferometric synthetic aperture radar inspector general independent government estimate intelligence gain/loss intergovernmental organization interim ground station module (JSTARS) integrated helmet and display sight system (Army) International Humanitarian Community industrial hygiene officer international health specialist interagency information bureau Institute of International Container Lessors Interagency Intelligence Committee on Counterterrorism intelligence information management Bureau of International Information Programs (DOS); interagency implementation plan; international information program; interoperability improvement program A-71 Appendix A IIR IJC3S IL ILAB ILO ILOC ILS IM IMA IMAAC IMC IMDC IMDG IMET IMETS IMF IMI IMINT IMIT IMLTU IMM IMMDELREQ IMO IMOSAR IMOSS IMP IMPP IMPT IMRL IMS IMSP IMSU IMU IN A-72 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 imagery interpretation report; imaging infrared; intelligence information report initial joint command, control, and communications system; Integrated Joint Command, Control, and Communications System intermediate location Bureau of International Labor Affairs (DOL) in lieu of; International Labor Organization (UN) integrated line of communications integrated logistic support information management individual mobilization augmentee Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment Center instrument meteorological conditions; International Medical Corps isolated, missing, detained, or captured international maritime dangerous goods (UN) international military education and training Integrated Meteorological System International Monetary Fund (UN) international military information imagery intelligence international military information team intermatrix line termination unit integrated materiel management immediate delivery required information management officer; International Maritime Organization International Maritime Organization (IMO) search and rescue manual interim mobile oceanographic support system implementation; information management plan; inventory management plan Integrated Mission Planning Process incident management planning team individual material requirements list information management system; interagency management system; Interagency Management System for Reconstruction and Stabilization; international military staff; international military standardization information management support plan installation medical support unit inertial measuring unit; intermatrix unit Air Force component intelligence officer (staff); impulse noise; instructor JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 INCERFA INCNR INCSEA INDRAC INF INFLTREP INFOCON INFOSEC ING INID INJILL INL INLS INM INMARSAT INR INREQ INRP INS INSARAG INSCOM INTAC INTACS INTELSAT INTELSITSUM InterAction INTERCO INTERPOL INTERPOL-USNCB INTREP INTSUM INU INV INVOL I/O IO IOC IOI JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms uncertainty phase (ICAO) increment number incidents at sea Interagency Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Database of Responsibilities, Authorities, and Capabilities infantry inflight report information operations condition information security Inactive National Guard intercept network in dialing injured or ill Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (DOS) Improved Navy Lighterage System international narcotics matters international maritime satellite Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State information request Initial National Response Plan Immigration and Naturalization Service; inertial navigation system; insert code International Search and Rescue Advisory Group United States Army Intelligence and Security Command individual terrorism awareness course integrated tactical communications system International Telecommunications Satellite Organization intelligence situation summary American Council for Voluntary International Action International Code of signals International Criminal Police Organization International Criminal Police Organization, United States National Central Bureau (DOJ) intelligence report intelligence summary inertial navigation unit; integration unit invalid involuntary input/output information objectives; information operations; intelligence oversight Industrial Operations Command; initial operational capability; intelligence operations center; investigations operations center injured other than hostilities or illness A-73 Appendix A IOM IOP IOSS IOT IOU IOWG IP IPA IPB IPBD IPC IPDM IPDP IPDS IPE IPG IPI IPL IPO IPOE IPOM IPP IPR IPR F IPRG IPS IPSG IPSP IPT I/R IR IRA IRAC I/R BN IRC IRCCM IRCM A-74 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 installation, operation, and maintenance; International Organization for Migration interface operating procedure Interagency Operations Security Support Staff information operations team input/output unit information operations working group initial point; initial position; instructor pilot; internet protocol intelligence production agency intelligence preparation of the battlespace intelligence program budget decision initial planning conference; integration planning cell; interagency planning cell; interagency policy committee intelligence program decision memorandum inland petroleum distribution plan imagery processing and dissemination system; inland petroleum distribution system (Army) individual protective equipment; industrial plant equipment isolated personnel guidance indigenous populations and institutions imagery product library; integrated priority list International Program Office intelligence preparation of the operational environment intelligence program objective memorandum impact point prediction; industrial preparedness program in-progress review; intelligence production requirement plan approval in-progress review intelligence program review group illustrative planning scenario; Integrated Planning System (DHS); Interim Polar System; interoperability planning system intelligence program support group intelligence priorities for strategic planning integrated planning team; integrated process team; Integrated Product Team internment/resettlement incident report; information rate; information requirement; infrared; intelligence requirement Provisional Irish Republican Army interdepartment radio advisory committee internment/resettlement battalion International Red Cross; International Rescue Committee; internet relay chat infrared counter countermeasures infrared countermeasures JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms ITAC ITALD infrared detection set Immediate Reaction Forces (NATO); incident response force infrared intelligence Intelligence Report Index Summary File international relief organization infrared pointer Individual Ready Reserve; integrated readiness report Internal Revenue Service infrared search and track infrared search and track sensor; Infrared Search and Track System Initial Response Team information superiority; information system; interswitch international standardization agreement; inter-Service agreement information sharing and analysis center International Security Assistance Force intermediate staging base integrated satellite communications (SATCOM) database Information Sharing Environment ;intelligence support element information synchronization group international station meteorological climatic summary integrated continental United States (CONUS) medical mobilization plan Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation; internment serial number International Organization for Standardization; isolation Information Security Oversight Office International Organization for Standardization package isolated personnel report internet service provider intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance division in-system select inter-Service support agreement Intelligence Senior Steering Group information system security manager information systems security organization integrated system test; interswitch trunk internal airlift or helicopter slingable container unit information system technician; information technology international telegraphic alphabet; International Trade Administration (DOC) intelligence and threat analysis center (Army) improved tactical air-launched decoy JP 1-02 A-75 IRDS IRF IRINT IRISA IRO IR pointer IRR IRS IRST IRSTS IRT IS ISA ISAC ISAF ISB ISDB ISE ISG ISMCS ISMMP ISN ISO ISOO ISOPAK ISOPREP ISP ISR ISRD ISS ISSA ISSG ISSM ISSO IST ISU IT ITA Appendix A ITAR ITF ITG ITL ITO ITRO ITU ITV ITW/AA IUWG IV IVR IVSN IW IWC IW-D IWG IWSC IWW IWWS As Amended Through 15 November 2011 international traffic in arms regulation (coassembly) intelligence task force (DIA) infrared target graphic intelligence task list installation transportation officer inter-Service training organization International Telecommunications Union in-transit visibility integrated tactical warning and attack assessment inshore undersea warfare group intravenous initial voice report Initial Voice Switched Network irregular warfare information operations warfare commander defensive information warfare intelligence working group; interagency working group Information Warfare Support Center inland waterway inland waterway system J J-1 J-2 J-2A J2-CI J-2J J-2M J-2O J-2P J-2T J-2T-1 J-2T-2 J-2X J-3 J-4 J-5 J-6 A-76 manpower and personnel directorate of a joint staff; manpower and personnel staff section intelligence directorate of a joint staff; intelligence staff section deputy directorate for administration of a joint staff Joint Counterintelligence Office deputy directorate for support of a joint staff deputy directorate for crisis management of a joint staff deputy directorate for crisis operations of a joint staff deputy directorate for assessment, doctrine, requirements, and capabilities of a joint staff Deputy Directorate for Targeting, Joint Staff Intelligence Directorate joint staff target operations division Target Plans Division joint force counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element operations directorate of a joint staff; operations staff section logistics directorate of a joint staff; logistics staff section plans directorate of a joint staff; plans staff section communications system directorate of a joint staff; command, control, communications, and computer systems staff section JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 J-7 J-7/JED J-8 J-9 J-31 J-35 JA J-A JAAR JAARS JAAT JA/ATT JAC JACC JCCA JACCC JACC/CP JACCE JACS JADO JADOCS JAFWIN JAG JAGMAN JAI JAIC JAIEG JAMMS JAMPS JANAP JAO JAOC JAOP JAPO JAR JARB JARCC JARN JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms engineering staff section; Joint Staff Directorate for Joint Force Development; operational plans and interoperability directorate of a joint staff exercises and training directorate of a joint staff Joint Staff Directorate for Force Structure, Resource, and Assessment, Joint Staff; force structure, resource, and assessment directorate of a joint staff civil-military operations directorate of a joint staff; civil-military operations staff section Joint Force Coordinator (Joint Staff) future operations judge advocate judge advocate directorate of a joint staff joint after-action report Joint After-Action Reporting System joint air attack team joint airborne and air transportability training joint analysis center joint airspace control center joint combat capability assessment joint airlift coordination and control cell joint airborne communications center/command post joint air component coordination element joint automated communication-electronics operating instructions system joint air defense operations Joint Automated Deep Operations Coordination System JWICS Air Force weather information network judge advocate general Manual of the Judge Advocate General (US Navy) joint administrative instruction; joint airdrop inspection joint air intelligence center joint atomic information exchange group Joint Asset Movement Management System Joint Interoperability of Tactical Command and Control Systems (JINTACCS) automated message preparation system Joint Army, Navy, Air Force publication joint air operations joint air operations center joint air operations plan joint area petroleum office joint activity report joint acquisition review board joint air reconnaissance control center joint air request net A-77 Appendix A JARS JASC JASSM JAT JATACS JAT Guide JAWS JBP JBPO JC2WC JCA JCASREP JCAT JCC JCCB JCCC JCCP JCE JCEOI JCET JCEWR JCEWS JCGRO JCIDO JCIOC JCISA JCISB JCIU JCLL JCMA JCMB JCMC JCMEB JCMEC JCMO JCMOTF JCMPO JCMT JCN JCS JCSAN JCSAR A-78 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint automated readiness system joint action steering committee joint air-to-surface standoff missile joint acceptance test joint advanced tactical cryptological support Joint Antiterrorism Program Manager’s Guide Joint Munitions Effectiveness Manual (JMEM)/air-tosurface weaponeering system Joint Blood Program joint blood program office joint command and control warfare center jamming control authority; Joint Capability Area joint casualty report joint crisis action team joint command center; joint contracting center; joint course catalog Joint Configuration Control Board joint combat camera center joint casualty collection point Joint Intelligence Virtual Architecture (JIVA) Collaborative Environment joint communications-electronics operating instructions joint combined exchange training; joint combined exercise for training joint coordination of electronic warfare reprogramming joint force commander’s electronic warfare staff joint central graves registration office Joint Combat Identification Office joint counterintelligence operations center Joint Command Information Systems Activity Joint Counterintelligence Support Branch joint counterintelligence unit joint center for lessons learned joint communications security monitor activity Joint Collection Management Board joint crisis management capability joint civil-military engineering board joint captured materiel exploitation center joint communications security management office joint civil-military operations task force Joint Cruise Missile Project Office joint collection management tools joint communications network Joint Chiefs of Staff Joint Chiefs of Staff Alerting Network joint combat search and rescue JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 JCSB JCSC JCSE JCSM JCSP JCSS JCTN JDA JDAAP JDAL JDAM JDAMIS JDC JDD JDDC JDDE JDDOC JDEC JDEIS JDIG JDISS JDN JDNO JDOG JDOMS JDPC JDPO JDSS JDSSC JDTC JE JEAP JECC JECE JECG JECPO JEDD JEEP JEL JEM JEMB JEMP JEPES JET JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms joint contracting support board joint communications satellite center joint communications support element Joint Chiefs of Staff memorandum joint contracting support plan joint communications support squadron joint composite track network joint duty assignment Joint Doctrine Awareness Action Plan Joint Duty Assignment List Joint Direct Attack Munition Joint Duty Assignment Management Information System joint deployment community; Joint Doctrine Center joint doctrine distribution joint doctrine development community Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise joint deployment and distribution operations center joint document exploitation center Joint Doctrine, Education, and Training Electronic Information System Joint Drug Intelligence Group joint deployable intelligence support system joint data network joint data network operations officer joint detention operations group Joint Director of Military Support Joint Doctrine Planning Conference joint deployment process owner Joint Decision Support System Joint Data Systems Support Center Joint Deployment Training Center joint experimentation Joint Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Analysis Program joint enabling capabilities command Joint Elimination Coordination Element joint exercise control group Joint Electronic Commerce Program Office Joint Education and Doctrine Division joint emergency evacuation plan Joint Electronic Library joint exercise manual joint environmental management board joint exercise management package joint engineer planning and execution system Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES) editing tool A-79 Appendix A JEWC JEZ JFA JFACC JFAST JFC JFCC JFCC-IMD JFCC-ISR JFCC NW JFCC SPACE JFCH JFE JFHQ JFHQ – NCR JFHQ – State JFIIT JFIP JFLCC JFMC JFMCC JFMO JFO JFP JFRB JFRG JFRG II JFS JFSOC JFSOCC JFTR JFUB JHMCS JI JIA JIACG JIADS JIATF JIATF-E JIATF-S JIATF-W JIC A-80 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Joint Electronic Warfare Center joint engagement zone joint field activity joint force air component commander Joint Flow and Analysis System for Transportation joint force commander joint functional component command Joint Functional Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense Joint Functional Component Command for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Joint Functional Component Command for Network Warfare Joint Functional Component Command for Space joint force chaplain joint fires element joint force headquarters Joint Force Headquarters – National Capital Region joint force headquarters – state Joint Fires Integration and Interoperability Team Japanese facilities improvement project joint force land component commander joint fleet mail center joint force maritime component commander joint frequency management office joint field office; joint fires observer joint force package (packaging); joint force provider Joint Foreign Release Board joint force requirements generator joint force requirements generator II joint force surgeon joint force special operations component joint force special operations component commander joint Federal travel regulations joint facilities utilization board joint helmet-mounted cueing system joint inspection joint individual augmentation joint interagency coordination group joint integrated air defense system joint interagency task force joint interagency task force - East joint interagency task force - South joint interagency task force - West joint information center JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 JICC JICO JICPAC JICTRANS JIDC JIEO JIEP JIES JIG JILE JIMB JIMP JIMPP JIMS JINTACCS JIO JIOC JIOCPAC JIOC-SOUTH JIOC TRANS JIOP JIOP-MTF JIOWC JIPC JIPCL JIPOE JIPTL JIS JISE JITC JITF-CT JIVA JKDDC JLCC JLE JLLIS JLLP JLNCHREP JLOC JLOTS JLRC JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms joint information coordination center; joint interface control cell joint interface control officer Joint Intelligence Center, Pacific Joint Intelligence Center for Transportation joint intelligence and debriefing center; joint interrogation and debriefing center joint interoperability engineering organization joint intelligence estimate for planning joint interoperability evaluation system joint interrogation group joint intelligence liaison element joint information management board joint implementation master plan joint industrial mobilization planning process joint information management system Joint Interoperability of Tactical Command and Control Systems joint interrogation operations joint information operations center; joint intelligence operations center Joint Intelligence Operations Center, Pacific Joint Intelligence Operations Center, South Joint Intelligence Operations Center - Transportation joint interface operational procedures joint interface operating procedures-message text formats Joint Information Operations Warfare Command joint imagery production complex joint integrated prioritized collection list joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment joint integrated prioritized target list joint information system joint intelligence support element joint interoperability test command Joint Intelligence Task Force for Combating Terrorism Joint Intelligence Virtual Architecture Joint Knowledge Development and Distribution Capability joint lighterage control center; joint logistics coordination center joint logistics environment Joint Lessons Learned Information System Joint Lessons Learned Program joint launch report joint logistics operations center joint logistics over-the-shore joint logistics readiness center A-81 Appendix A JLSB JLSE JM&S JMAARS JMAC JMAG JMAO JMAR JMAS JMAT JMB JMC JMCC JMCG JMCIS JMCO JMCOMS JMD JMeDSAF JMEM JMET JMETL JMIC JMICS JMIE JMIP JMISC JMISOTF JMITC JMLO JMMC JMMT JMNA JMO JMO(AIR) JMOC JMP JMPA JMPAB JMRC JMRO A-82 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint line of communications security board joint legal support element joint modeling and simulation joint model after-action review system Joint Mortuary Affairs Center (Army) Joint METOC Advisory Group joint mortuary affairs office; joint mortuary affairs officer joint medical asset repository joint manpower automation system joint medical analysis tool; joint mobility assistance team joint meteorology and oceanography board joint military command; joint movement center joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination cell joint movement control group Joint Maritime Command Information System joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization joint maritime communications system joint manning document joint medical semi-automated forces Joint Munitions Effectiveness Manual joint mission-essential task joint mission-essential task list Joint Military Intelligence College; joint modular intermodal container Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System (JWICS) mobile integrated communications system joint maritime information element joint military intelligence program Joint Military Information Support Command joint military information support operations task force Joint Military Intelligence Training Center joint medical logistics officer Joint Material Management Center joint military mail terminal joint military net assessment joint maritime operations; joint meteorological and oceanographic officer joint maritime operations (air) joint medical operations center joint manpower program joint military postal activity; joint military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) panel administrator Joint Materiel Priorities and Allocation Board joint mobile relay center Joint Medical Regulating Office JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms JPADS JPAG JPARR JPASE Joint Monthly Readiness Review joint modeling and simulation executive panel Joint Multi-Tactical Digital Information Link (Multi-TADIL) Standards Working Group joint military training joint munitions transportation coordinating activity Joint Maritime Tactical Communications Switching System joint military information support operations task force joint military information support operations task group Joint Meritorious Unit Award joint METOC viewer joint medical working group joint nuclear accident coordinating center joint network operations (NETOPS) control center joint network management system Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES) Network Operation Control Center joint nuclear planning element joint operations area joint operations area forecast joint operations center; joint oversight committee joint operations command center joint spectrum center ordnance E3 risk assessment database joint operations graphic joint operation graphics system Joint Operation Planning and Execution System Joint Operation Planning and Execution System Incident Reporting System Joint Operation Planning and Execution System Reporting System joint operation planning process joint operation planning process for air joint operational requirement joint operational requirements document joint operational steering group joint operational test and evaluation Joint Operational Tactical System joint publication joint planning augmentation cell; Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command joint precision airdrop system Joint Planning Advisory Group joint personnel accountability reconciliation and reporting joint public affairs support element JP 1-02 A-83 JMRR JMSEP JMSWG JMT JMTCA JMTCSS JMTF JMTG JMUA JMV JMWG JNACC JNCC JNMS JNOCC JNPE JOA JOAF JOC JOCC JOERAD JOG JOGS JOPES JOPESIR JOPESREP JOPP JOPPA JOR JORD JOSG JOT&E JOTS JP JPAC Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 JPATS JPAV JPC JPD JPEC JPED JPERSTAT JPG JPME JPMRC JPMT JPN JPO JPOC joint primary aircraft training system joint personnel asset visibility joint planning cell; joint postal cell joint planning document joint planning and execution community joint personal effects depot joint personnel status and casualty report joint planning group joint professional military education joint patient movement requirements center joint patient movement team joint planning network joint petroleum office; Joint Program Office joint personnel operations center; joint planning orientation course joint program of instruction joint preparation and onward movement Joint Program Office for Special Technology Countermeasures Joint Personnel Recovery Agency joint personnel reception center ; joint personnel recovery center joint personnel recovery support product joint processing system joint personnel training and tracking activity joint qualification requirements joint quarterly readiness review Joint Resource Assessment Data System Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) Review Board joint reconnaissance center joint reception coordination center Joint Radiological Emergency Response Plan joint restricted frequency list joint review group joint reserve intelligence center Joint Requirements and Management Board Joint Requirements Oversight Council joint reporting structure jam-resistant secure communications; joint rescue sub-center joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration joint readiness training center joint readiness exercise the Joint Staff joint security area JPOI JPOM JPO-STC JPRA JPRC JPRSP JPS JPTTA JQR JQRR JRADS JRB JRC JRCC JRERP JRFL JRG JRIC JRMB JROC JRS JRSC JRSOI JRTC JRX JS JSA A-84 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 JSAC JSAM JSAN JSAP JSAS JSC JSCAT JSCC JSCM JSCP JSDS J-SEAD JSEC JSF JSHO JSIDS JSIR JSISC JSIT JSIVA JSM JSME JSMS JSO JSOA JSOAC JSOACC JSOC JSOFI JSOTF JSOU JSOW JSPA JSPD JSPDSA JSPOC JSPS JSR JSRC JSS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms joint strike analysis cell; joint strike analysis center joint security assistance memorandum; Joint Service Achievement Medal; joint standoff surface attack missile Joint Staff automation for the nineties Joint Staff action package joint strike analysis system joint security coordinator; Joint Spectrum Center joint staff crisis action team joint security coordination center; joint Services coordination committee Joint Service Commendation Medal Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan Joint Staff doctrine sponsor joint suppression of enemy air defenses joint strategic exploitation center joint support force joint shipboard helicopter operations joint Services imagery digitizing system joint spectrum interference resolution Joint Staff Information Service Center Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES) information trace Joint Staff Integrated Vulnerability Assessment Joint Staff Manual joint spectrum management element joint spectrum management system joint security operations joint special operations area joint special operations air component; joint special operations aviation component joint special operations air component commander joint special operations command Joint Special Operations Forces Institute joint special operations task force Joint Special Operations University joint stand-off weapon joint satellite communications (SATCOM) panel administrator joint strategic planning document joint strategic planning document supporting analyses Joint Space Operations Center Joint Strategic Planning System joint strategy review joint subregional command (NATO) joint surveillance system A-85 Appendix A JSSA JSSIS JSST JSTAR JSTARS JSTE JSTO JT&E JTA JTAC JTACE JTADS JTAGS JTAO JTAR JTASC JTASG JTAV JTAV-IT JTB JTC JTCB JTCC JTCG/ME JTD JTDC JTF JTF-6 JTF-AK JTF-B JTFCEM JTF-CM JTF-CS JTF-E JTF-GNO JTF-GTMO JTF-HD JTF HQ JTF-MAO A-86 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 joint Services survival, evasion, resistance, and escape (SERE) agency joint staff support information system joint space support team joint system threat assessment report Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System joint system training exercise joint space tasking order joint test and evaluation joint technical architecture joint technical augmentation cell; joint terminal attack controller; Joint Terrorism Analysis Center joint technical advisory chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear element Joint Tactical Air Defense System (Army); Joint Tactical Display System joint tactical ground station (Army); joint tactical ground station (Army and Navy); joint tactical ground system joint tactical air operations joint tactical air strike request joint training analysis and simulation center Joint Targeting Automation Steering Group joint total asset visibility joint total asset visibility-in theater Joint Transportation Board joint technical committee; Joint Training Confederation joint targeting coordination board joint transportation coordination cell; joint transportation corporate information management center Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness joint table of distribution; joint theater distribution joint track data coordinator joint task force joint task force-6 Joint Task Force - Alaska joint task force-Bravo joint task force contingency engineering management joint task force - consequence management Joint Task Force-Civil Support joint task force - elimination Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations Joint Task Force-Guantanamo Joint Task Force-Homeland Defense joint task force headquarters joint task force - mortuary affairs office JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 JTF-N JTFP JTF-PO JTFS JTF-State JTIC JTIDS JTL JTLM JTLS JTM JTMD JTMP JTMS JTP JTR JTRB JTS JTSG JTSSCCB JTSST JTT JTTF JUH-MTF JUIC JULL JULLS JUO JUSMAG JUWTF JV JV 2020 JVB JVIDS JVSEAS JWAC JWARS JWC JWCA JWFC JWG JWICS JWID JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Joint Task Force-North Joint Tactical Fusion Program joint task force-port opening joint task force surgeon Joint Task Force-State joint transportation intelligence center Joint Tactical Information Distribution System joint target list Joint Theater Logistics Management joint theater-level simulation joint training manual joint table of mobilization and distribution; Joint Terminology Master Database joint training master plan joint theater movement staff; joint training master schedule joint test publication; joint training plan joint travel regulations joint telecommunication resources board Joint Targeting School joint targeting steering group Joint Tactical Switched Systems Configuration Control Board joint training system support team joint targeting toolbox; joint training team joint terrorism task force Joint User Handbook-Message Text Formats joint unit identification code Joint Universal Lessons Learned (report) Joint Universal Lessons Learned System joint urban operation Joint United States Military Advisory Group joint unconventional warfare task force Joint Vision Joint Vision 2020 Joint Visitors Bureau Joint Visual Integrated Display System Joint Virtual Security Environment Assessment System Joint Warfare Analysis Center Joint Warfare Analysis and Requirements System Joint Warfare Center joint warfighting capabilities assessment Joint Warfighting Center joint working group Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System joint warrior interoperability demonstration A-87 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 K k Ka KAL KAPP kb kbps KC-135 KDE KEK KG kg kHz KIA K-Kill km KMC KNP KP kph KPP KQ ID kt Ku kVA KVG kW KWOC thousand Kurtz-above band key assets list Key Assets Protection Program kilobit kilobits per second Stratotanker key doctrine element key encryption key key generator kilogram kilohertz killed in action catastrophic kill kilometer knowledge management center Korean National Police key pulse kilometers per hour key performance parameter tactical location identifier kiloton(s); knot (nautical miles per hour) Kurtz-under band kilo Volt-Amps key variable generator kilowatt keyword-out-of-context L L l LA LAADS LAAM LABS LACH LACV LAD LAMPS LAN LANDCENT LANDSAT A-88 length search subarea length lead agent; legal adviser; line amplifier; loop key generator (LKG) adapter low altitude air defense system light anti-aircraft missile laser airborne bathymetry system lightweight amphibious container handler lighter, air cushioned vehicle latest arrival date Light Airborne Multipurpose System (helicopter) local area network Allied Land Forces Central Europe (NATO) land satellite JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 LANDSOUTH LANTIRN LAO LARC LARC-V LARS LASH LASINT LAT LAV lb LBR LC LCAC LCAP LCB LCC LCCS LCE LCES LCM LCMC LCO LCP LCPL LCS LCSR LCU LCVP LD LDA LDF LDI LDO LDR LE LEA LEAP LEASAT LEAU LECIC JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Allied Land Forces Southern Europe (NATO) low-altitude navigation and targeting infrared for night limited attack option lighter, amphibious resupply, cargo lighter, amphibious resupply, cargo, 5 ton lightweight airborne recovery system lighter aboard ship laser intelligence latitude light armored vehicle pound Laser Beam Rider lake current; legal counsel landing craft, air cushion low combat air patrol line of constant bearing amphibious command ship; land component commander; launch control center; lighterage control center; link communications circuit; logistics component command landing craft control ship logistics capability estimator; logistics combat element (MAGTF); logistics combat element (Marine) line conditioning equipment scanner landing craft, mechanized; letter-class mail; life-cycle management life cycle management command landing craft air cushion control officer; lighterage control officer lighterage control point landing craft personnel (large) landing craft air cushion control ship life cycle systems readiness landing craft, utility; launch correlation unit landing craft, vehicle, personnel line of departure limited depository account lightweight digital facsimile line driver interface laser designator operator leader; low data rate law enforcement; low-order explosives law enforcement agency Light ExoAtmospheric Projectile leased satellite Law Enforcement Assistance Unit (FAA) Law Enforcement and Counterintelligence Center (DOD) A-89 Appendix A LED LEDET LEGAT LEO LEP LERSM LERTCON LES LESO LET LF LFA LFORM LFSP LfV LG LGB LGM LGM-30 LGW LHA LHD L-hour LHT LIDAR LIF LIMDIS LIMFAC LIPS LIS LIWA LKG LKP LL LLLGB LLLTV LLSO LLTR LM LMARS LMAV LMF LMSR A-90 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 law enforcement desk; light emitting diode law enforcement detachment (USCG) legal attaché law enforcement operations; low Earth orbit laser eye protection; linear error probable lower echelon reporting and surveillance module alert condition law enforcement sensitive; leave and earnings statement; Lincoln Laboratories Experimental Satellite Law Enforcement Support Office light equipment transport landing force; low frequency lead federal agency landing force operational reserve material landing force support party Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz (regional authority for constitutional protection) deputy chief of staff for logistics laser-guided bomb laser-guided missile; loop group multiplexer Minuteman laser-guided weapon amphibious assault ship (general purpose) amphibious assault ship (multipurpose) specific hour on C-day at which a deployment operation commences or is to commence line-haul tractor light detection and ranging light interference filter limited distribution limiting factor Logistics Information Processing System logistics information system land information warfare activity loop key generator last known position lessons learned low-level laser-guided bomb low-light level television low-level source operation low-level transit route loop modem Logistics Metrics Analysis Reporting System laser MAVERICK language media format large, medium speed roll-on/roll-off JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 LN LNA LNO LO LOA LOAC LOAL LOBL LOC LOC ACC LOCAP LOCE LOD LOE LOG LOGAIR LOGAIS LOGCAP LOGCAT LOGDET LOGEX LOGFAC LOGFOR LOGMARS LOGMOD LOGPLAN LOGSAFE LOI LO/LO LOMEZ LONG LOO LOP LORAN LO/RO LOROP LOS LOTS LOX LP LPD JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms lead nation low voice amplifier liaison officer low observable Lead Operational Authority; letter of assist; letter of authorization; letter of offer and acceptance; lodgment operational area; logistics over-the-shore (LOTS) operation area law of armed conflict lock-on after launch lock-on before launch line of communications; logistics operations center location accuracy low combat air patrol Linked Operational Intelligence Centers Europe; Linked Operations-Intelligence Centers Europe line of departure letter of evaluation; line of effort logistics logistics aircraft logistics automated information system logistics civil augmentation program logistics capability assessment tool logistics detail logistics exercise Logistics Feasibility Assessment Capability logistics force packaging system logistics applications of automated marking and reading symbols logistics module logistics planning system logistic sustainment analysis and feasibility estimator letter of instruction; loss of input lift-on/lift-off low-altitude missile engagement zone longitude line of operation line of position long-range aid to navigation lift-on/roll-off long range oblique photography line of sight logistics over-the-shore liquid oxygen listening post amphibious transport dock; low probability of detection A-91 Appendix A LPH LPI LPSB LPU LPV LRC LRD LRF LRF/D LRG LRM LRN LRP LRRP LRS LRST LRSU LSA LSB LSCDM LSD LSE LSO LSPR LSS LST LSU LSV LT L/T LTD LTD/R LTF LTG LTL LTON LTS LTT LTU LUT LVS LW LWR LZ LZCO A-92 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter low probability of intercept logistics procurement support board line printer unit laser-protective visor logistics readiness center laser range finder-detector laser range finder laser range finder/detector long-range aircraft low rate multiplexer Laboratory Response Network (DHHS) load and roll pallet long range reconnaissance patrol launch and recovery site long-range surveillance team long-range surveillance unit logistic support analysis; logistics supportability analysis landing support battalion; lower sideband low speed cable driver modem dock landing ship; least significant digit landing signalman enlisted; logistic support element landing safety officer; landing signals officer low speed pulse restorer laser spot search; local sensor subsystem laser spot tracker; tank landing ship logistics civil augmentation program support unit logistics support vessel large tug; local terminal; long ton long ton laser target designator laser target designator/ranger logistics task force local timing generator laser-to-target line long ton low-altitude navigation and targeting infrared for night (LANTIRN) targeting system loss to theater line termination unit local user terminal Logistics Vehicle System (USMC) leeway Lutheran World Relief landing zone landing zone control officer JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms M M&S M88A1 MA mA MAAG MAAP MAC MACB MACCS MACG MACOM MACP MACRMS MACSAT MAD MADCP MADS MAEB MAEF MAF MAFC MAG MAGTF ACE MAJCOM MANFOR MANPADS MANPER MAOC-N MAP MAR MARAD MARCORMATCOM MARCORSYSCOM MARDIV MARFOR MARFOREUR MARFORLANT MARFORNORTH JP 1-02 modeling and simulation recovery vehicle master; medical attendant; military action; mortuary affairs milliampere(s) military assistance advisory group master air attack plan mobility assault company; Mortuary Affairs Center multinational acquisition and contracting board Marine air command and control system Marine air control group major command (Army) mortuary affairs collection point mortuary affairs contaminated remains mitigation site multiple access commercial satellite Militärischer Abschirmdienst (military protection service); military air distress mortuary affairs decontamination collection point military information support operations automated data system mean area of effectiveness for blast mean area of effectiveness for fragments mobility air forces Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) all-source fusion center Marine aircraft group Marine air-ground task force aviation combat element major command (USAF) manpower force packaging system man-portable air defense system manpower and personnel module Maritime Analysis and Operations Center-Narcotics Military Assistance Program; missed approach point; missed approach procedure METOC assistance request Maritime Administration Marine Corps Materiel Command Marine Corps Systems Command Marine division Marine Corps forces Marine Corps Forces, Europe Marine Corps Forces, Atlantic Marine Corps Forces, North A-93 Appendix A MARFORPAC MARFORSOUTH MARFORSTRAT MARINCEN MARLE MARLO MAROP MARPOL MARS MARSA MARSOC MARSOF MART MARTS MAS MASCAL MASF MASH MASINT MASLO MAST MAT MATCALS MATCS M/ATMP MAW MAX MAXORD MB MBBLs MBCDM MBI Mbps Mbs MC MC-130 A-94 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Marine Corps Forces, Pacific Marine Corps Forces, South United States Marine Corps Forces, United States Strategic Command Maritime Intelligence Center Marine liaison element Marine liaison officer marine operators International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships Military Auxiliary Radio System military assumes responsibility for separation of aircraft Marine Corps special operations command Marine Corps special operations forces mobile Automatic Digital Network (AUTODIN) remote terminal Mortuary Affairs Reporting and Tracking System maritime air support; military information support operations automated system mass casualty mobile aeromedical staging facility mobile Army surgical hospital measurement and signature intelligence measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) liaison officer military assistance to safety and traffic; mobile ashore support terminal medical analysis tool; military information support operations assessment team Marine air traffic control and landing system Marine air traffic control squadron Missiles/Air Target Materials Program Marine aircraft wing maximum maximum ordinate medium boat; megabyte; military information support operations battalion thousands of barrels medical biological chemical defense materiel major budget issue megabytes per second megabits per second Military Committee (NATO); military community; mission-capable Combat Talon (I and II) JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 MCA MCAG MCAP MCAS MCAT MCB MCBAT MCC MCCC MCCDC MCCISWG MCD MCDA MCDP MCDS MCEB MCEWG MC/FI MCIA MCIO MCIOC MCIP MCJSB MCM MCMC MCMG MCMO MCMOPS M/CM/S MCMREP MCMRON MCO MCOO MCRP MCS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms mail control activity; maximum calling area; military civic action; mission concept approval; movement control agency maritime civil affairs group maximum calling area precedence Marine Corps air station maritime civil affairs team movement control battalion medical chemical biological advisory team Marine component commander; maritime component commander; master control center; military cooperation committee; military coordinating committee; military counterintelligence collections; mission control center; mobility control center; movement control center mobile consolidated command center Marine Corps Combat Development Command military command, control, and information systems working group medical crew director military and civil defense assets (UN) Marine Corps doctrine publication modular cargo delivery system Military Communications-Electronics Board Military Communications-Electronics Working Group mass casualty/fatality incident Marine Corps Intelligence Activity military criminal investigative organization Marine Corps Information Operations Center Marine Corps interim publication; military command inspection program Military Committee Joint Standardization Board Manual for Courts-Martial; military classification manual; mine countermeasures mine countermeasures commander Military Committee Meteorological Group (NATO) medical civil-military operations mine countermeasures operations mobility, countermobility, and/or survivability mine countermeasure report mine countermeasures squadron major combat operation; Mapping Customer Operations; Marine Corps order modified combined obstacle overlay Marine Corps reference publication maneuver control system; Military Capabilities Study; mine countermeasures ship; modular causeway system A-95 Appendix A MCSF MCSFB MCSFR MCT MCTC MCTFT MCU MCW MCWP MCX MDA M-DARC M-day MDCI MDCO MDDOC MDF MDITDS MDMA MDR MDRO MDS MDSS II MDSU MDU MDW MDZ MEA MEAS MEB MEBU MEC ME/C MED MEDAL MEDCAP MEDCC MEDCOM MEDEVAC A-96 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 mobile cryptologic support facility Marine Corps security force battalion Marine Corps security force regiment movement control team Midwest Counterdrug Training Center Multijurisdictional Counterdrug Task Force Training maintenance communications unit modulated carrier wave Marine Corps warfighting publication Marine Corps Exchange Magen David Adom (Israeli equivalent of the Red Cross); maritime domain awareness military direct access radar channel mobilization day; unnamed day on which mobilization of forces begins multidiscipline counterintelligence Military Department counterintelligence organization Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) deployment and distribution operations center Main Defense Forces (NATO); main distribution frame migration defense intelligence threat data system; Modernized Defense Intelligence Threat Data System methylenedioxymethamphetamine medium data rate mission disaster response officer Message Dissemination Subsystem; mission design series Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) Deployment Support System II mobile diving and salvage unit military information support operations distribution unit Military District of Washington maritime defense zone munitions effect assessment; munitions effectiveness assessment military information support operations effects analysis subsystem Marine expeditionary brigade mission essential backup medium endurance cutter medical examiner and/or coroner manipulative electronic deception Mine Warfare Environmental Decision Aids Library medical civic action program medical coordination cell medical command; US Army Medical Command medical evacuation JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 MEDINT MEDLOG MEDLOGCO MEDLOG JR MEDMOB MEDNEO MEDREG MEDREGREP MEDRETE MEDS MEDSOM MEDSTAT MEFPAKA MEL MEO MEP MEPCOM MEPES MEPRS MERCO MERSHIPS MES MESAR MESF MET METAR METARS METCON METL METMF METMR(R) METOC METSAT METT-T METT-TC MEVA MEWSG MEZ MF MFC MFDS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms medical intelligence medical logistics (USAF AIS) medical logistics company medical logistics, junior (USAF) Medical Mobilization Planning and Execution System medical noncombatant evacuation operation medical regulating medical regulating report medical readiness training exercise meteorological data system medical supply, optical, and maintenance unit medical status manpower and equipment force packaging maintenance expenditure limit; minimum equipment list medium Earth orbit; military equal opportunity mobile electric power military entrance processing command Medical Planning and Execution System Military Entrance Processing and Reporting System merchant ship reporting and control merchant ships medical equipment set minimum-essential security assistance requirements maritime expeditionary security force medium equipment transporter; mobile environmental team meteorological airfield report; meteorological aviation report routine aviation weather report (roughly translated from French; international standard code format for hourly surface weather observations) control of meteorological information (roughly translated from French); meteorological control (Navy) mission-essential task list meteorological mobile facility meteorological mobile facility (replacement) meteorological and oceanographic meteorological satellite mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available—time available mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations (Army) mission essential vulnerable area Multi-Service Electronic Warfare Support Group (NATO) missile engagement zone medium frequency; mobile facility; multi-frequency multinational force commander Modular Fuel Delivery System A-97 Appendix A MFE MFFIMS MFO MFP MFPC MFPF MFS MG MGB MGM MGS MGT MGW MHC MHE MHU MHW MHz MI MIAC MIB MIC MICAP MICON MICRO-MICS MICRO-SNAP MIDAS MIDB MIDDS-T MIF MIJI MILAIR MILALOC MILCON MILDEC MILDEP MILGP MILOB MILOC MILPERS MILSATCOM MILSPEC A-98 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 manpower force element; mobile field exchange mass fatality field information management system multinational force and observers major force program maritime future plans center minefield planning folder multifunction switch military information support operations group medium girder bridge master group multiplexer mobile ground system management maximum gross weight management headquarters ceiling materials handling equipment modular heat unit mean high water megahertz military intelligence; movement instructions maritime intelligence and analysis center Military Intelligence Board Multinational Interoperability Council mission capable/mission capability mission concept micro-medical inventory control system micro-shipboard non-tactical automated data processing system model for intertheater deployment by air and sea modernized integrated database; modernized intelligence database Meteorological and Oceanographic (METOC) Integrated Data Display System-Tactical maritime interception force meaconing, interference, jamming, and intrusion military airlift military air line of communications military construction military deception Military Department military group (assigned to American Embassy in host nation) military observer military oceanography group (NATO) military personnel military satellite communications military specification JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 MILSTAMP MILSTAR MIL-STD MILSTRAP MILSTRIP MILTECH MILU MILVAN MIM MIMP MINEOPS MIO MIO-9 MIP MIPE MIPOE MIPR MIRCS MIS MISCAP MISO MISREP MIST MITASK MITO MITT MIUW MIUWU MIWC MJCS MJLC M-Kill MLA MLAYREP MLE MLEA MLG MLI MLMC MLO MLP MLPP MLPS MLRS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms military standard transportation and movement procedures military strategic and tactical relay system military standard military standard transaction reporting and accounting procedure military standard requisitioning and issue procedure military technician multinational integrated logistic support unit military van (container) maintenance instruction manual Mobilization Information Management Plan joint minelaying operations maritime interception operations information operations threat analysis division (DIA) Military Intelligence Program mobile intelligence processing element medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment military interdepartmental purchase request mobile integrated remains collection system maritime intelligence summary mission capability military information support operations mission report military information support team mission tasking minimum interval takeoff mobile integrated tactical terminal mobile inshore undersea warfare mobile inshore undersea warfare unit mine warfare commander Joint Chiefs of Staff memorandum multinational joint logistic center mobility kill mission load allowance mine laying report maritime law enforcement Maritime Law Enforcement Academy Marine logistics group munitions list item medical logistics management center military liaison office message load plan multilevel precedence and preemption Medical Logistics Proponent Subcommittee multiple launch rocket system A-99 Appendix A MLS MLSA MLW MMA MMAC MMC MMG MMI MMIS MMLS MMS MMT MNC MNCC MNF MNFACC MNFC MNFLCC MNFMCC MNFSOCC MNJLC MNL MNLC MNP MNS MNTF MO MOA MOADS MOB MOBCON MOBREP MOC MOCC MOD MODEM MODLOC MOD T-AGOS MOE A-100 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 microwave landing system; multilevel security mutual logistics support agreement mean low water military mission area military mine action center materiel management center DOD Master Mobilization Guide man/machine interface military information support operations management information subsystem mobile microwave landing system mast-mounted sight military mail terminal multinational corporation multinational coordination center multinational force multinational force air component commander multinational force commander multinational force land component commander multinational force maritime component commander multinational force special operations component commander multinational joint logistics component multinational logistics multinational logistic center master navigation plan mine neutralization system (USN); mission needs statement multinational task force month memorandum of agreement; military operating area maneuver-oriented ammunition distribution system main operating base; main operations base; mobilization mobilization control military manpower mobilization and accession status report; mobilization report maritime operations center; media operations center measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) operations coordination center; mobile operations control center Minister (Ministry) of Defense modulator/demodulator miscellaneous operational details, local operations modified tactical auxiliary general ocean surveillance measure of effectiveness JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 MOG MOGAS MOLE MOMAT MOMSS MOP MOPP MOR MOS MOSC MOTR MOU MOUT MOVREP MOW MP MPA MPAT MPC MPE/S MPF MPG mph MPICE MPLAN MPM MPNTP MPO MPP MPR MPRS MPS MPSA MPSRON MR MRAALS MRAT MRCI MRE MRG JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms maximum (aircraft) on ground; movement on ground (aircraft); multinational observer group motor gasoline multichannel operational line evaluator mobility matting mode and message selection system measure of performance; memorandum of policy mission-oriented protective posture memorandum of record military occupational specialty meteorological and oceanographic operations support community maritime operational threat response memorandum of understanding military operations in urban terrain; military operations on urbanized terrain movement report maintenance orderwire military police (Army and Marine); multinational publication maritime patrol aircraft; mission and payload assessment; mission planning agent military patient administration team; Multinational Planning Augmentation Team mid-planning conference; military personnel center maritime pre-positioning equipment and supplies maritime pre-positioning force maritime planning group; mensurated point graphic miles per hour measuring progress in conflict environments Marine Corps Mobilization Management Plan medical planning module Master Positioning Navigation and Timing Plan military post office maritime procedural publication maritime patrol and reconnaissance multi-point refueling system maritime pre-positioning ship; message processor shelter; Military Postal Service Military Postal Service Agency maritime pre-positioning ships squadron milliradian; mobile reserve Marine remote area approach and landing system medical radiobiology advisory team maximum rescue coverage intercept meal, ready to eat movement requirements generator A-101 Appendix A MRI MRMC MRO MROC MRR MRRR MRS MRSA MRT MRU MS ms MSC MSCA MSCD MSCO MSD MS-DOS MSDS MSE MSECR MSEL MSF MSG MSGID MSHARPP MSI MSIC MSIS MSK MSL MSNAP MSO A-102 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 magnetic resonance imaging US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command mass rescue operation; materiel release order; medical regulating office; medical regulating officer multicommand required operational capability minimum-risk route mobility requirement resource roster measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) requirements system; meteorological radar subsystem; movement report system Materiel Readiness Support Agency maintenance recovery team mountain rescue unit message switch millisecond major subordinate command; maritime support center; Military Sealift Command; military staff committee; mission support confirmation military support to civilian authorities military support to civil defense Military Sealift Command Office marginal support date; mobile security division Microsoft disk operating system mission specific data set military information support operations support element; mission support element; mobile subscriber equipment HIS 6000 security module master scenario events list Medicins Sans Frontieres (“Doctors Without Borders”); mission support force; mobile security force; multiplex signal format Marine security guard; message message identification mission, symbolism, history, accessibility, recognizability, population, and proximity modified surface index; multispectral imagery Missile and Space Intelligence Center Marine safety information system mission support kit master station log merchant ship naval augmentation program map support office; marine safety office(r); maritime security operations; military satellite communications (MILSATCOM) systems organization; military source operation; military strategic objective; military support operations; mobilization staff officer JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 MSOAG MSOC MSP MSPES MSPS MSR MSRON MSRP MSRR MSRV MSS MSSG MST M/T MT MTA MTAC MTBF MT Bn MTCR MT/D MTF MTG MTI MTIC MTL MTMS MTN MTO MTOE MTON MTP MTS MTS/SOF-IRIS MTT MTTP MTW MTX JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Marine special operations advisor group Marine special operations company mission support plan; mobile sensor platform mobilization stationing, planning, and execution system military information support operations studies program subsystem; mobilization stationing and planning system main supply route; maritime support request; mission support request maritime expeditionary security squadron mission strategic resource plan modeling and simulation resource repository message switch rekeying variable medical surveillance system; meteorological satellite subsystem Marine expeditionary unit (MEU) service support group Marine expeditionary force (MEF) weather support team; meteorological and oceanographic support team; mission support team measurement ton measurement ton; military technician; ministry team military training agreement Multiple Threat Alert Center mean time between failures motor transport battalion missile technology control regime measurement tons per day medical treatment facility; message text format; military information support operations task force master timing generator; military information support operations task group moving target indicator Military Targeting Intelligence Committee mission tasking letter maritime tactical message system multi-tactical data link network message to observer; mission type order modified table of organization and equipment measurement ton Marine tactical publication; maritime task plan; mission tasking packet Movement Tracking System multifunction system magnetic tape transport; mobile training team multi-Service tactics, techniques, and procedures major theater war message text format A-103 Appendix A MU MUL MULE MUREP MUSARC MUSE MUST MUX MV mV MW MWBP MWC MWD MWDT MWF MWG MWOD MWR MWSG MWSS As Amended Through 15 November 2011 marry up master urgency list (DOD) modular universal laser equipment munitions report major United States Army reserve commands mobile utilities support equipment medical unit, self-contained, transportable multiplex merchant vessel; motor vessel millivolt mine warfare missile warning bypass Missile Warning Center (NORAD) military working dog military working dog team medical working file mobilization working group multiple word-of-day missile warning receiver; morale, welfare, and recreation Marine wing support group Marine wing support squadron N N N-1 N-2 N-3 N-4 N-5 N-6 NA NA5CRO NAAG NAC NACE NACISA NACISC A-104 number of required track spacings; number of search and rescue units (SRUs) Navy component manpower or personnel staff officer Director of Naval Intelligence; Navy component intelligence staff officer Navy component operations staff officer Navy component logistics staff officer Navy component plans staff officer Navy component communications staff officer nation assistance non-Article 5 crisis response operation (NATO) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Army Armaments Group North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Air Center; North Atlantic Council (NATO) National Military Command System (NMCS) Automated Control Executive North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Systems Agency North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Communications and Information Systems Committee JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NACSEM NACSI NACSIM NADEFCOL NADEP NAE NAEC-ENG NAF NAFAG NAI NAIC NAK NALC NALE NALSS NAMP NAMS NAMTO NAOC NAPCAP NAPMA NAPMIS NAR NARAC NARC NAS NASA NASAR NAS computer NASIC NAT NATO NATOPS NAU JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms National Communications Security/Emanations Security (COMSEC/EMSEC) Information Memorandum national communications security (COMSEC) instruction national communications security (COMSEC) information memorandum North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Defense College naval aircraft depot Navy acquisition executive Naval Air Engineering Center - Engineering naval air facility; nonappropriated funds; numbered air force North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Air Force Armaments Group named area of interest National Air Intelligence Center negative acknowledgement Navy ammunition logistics code naval and amphibious liaison element naval advanced logistic support site North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Annual Manpower Plan National Air Mobility System Navy material transportation office national airborne operations center (E-4B aircraft) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Allied Pre-Committed Civil Aircraft Program North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Airborne Early Warning and Control Program Management Agency Navy Preventive Medicine Information System nonconventional assisted recovery; notice of ammunition reclassification national atmospheric release advisory capability; National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center non-automatic relay center naval air station National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Association for Search and Rescue national airspace system computer National Air and Space Intelligence Center nonair-transportable (cargo) North Atlantic Treaty Organization Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization Narcotics Assistance Unit A-105 Appendix A NAVAID NAVAIDS NAVAIR NAVAIRSYSCOM NAVATAC NAVCHAPDET NAVCHAPGRU NAVCOMSTA NAVELSG NAVEODTECHDIV NAVEURMETOCCEN NAVFAC NAVFACENGCOM NAVFAC-X NAVFAX NAVFOR NAVICECEN NAVLANTMETOCCEN NAVMAG NAVMED NAVMEDCOMINST NAVMEDLOGCOM NAVMEDP NAVMETOCCOM NAVMTO NAVOCEANO NAVORD NAVORDSTA NAVPACMETOCCEN NAVSAFECEN NAVSAT NAVSEA NAVSEAINST NAVSEALOGCEN NAVSEASYSCOM NAVSO NAVSOC NAVSOF NAVSPACECOM NAVSPECWARCOM A-106 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 navigation aid navigational aids naval air; Naval Air Systems Command Naval Air Systems Command (Also called NAVAIR) Navy Antiterrorism Analysis Center; Navy Antiterrorist Alert Center naval cargo handling and port group detachment Navy cargo handling and port group naval communications station Navy Expeditionary Logistic Support Group Naval Explosives Ordnance Disposal Technology Division Naval Europe Meteorology and Oceanography Center Naval Facilities Engineering Command Naval Facilities Engineering Command Naval Facilities Engineering Command-expeditionary Navy facsimile Navy forces Naval Ice Center Naval Atlantic Meteorology and Oceanography Center naval magazine Navy Medical; Navy medicine Navy medical command instruction Navy Medical Logistics Command Navy medical pamphlet Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command naval military transportation office; Navy Material Transportation Office Naval Oceanographic Office naval ordnance naval ordnance station Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center naval safety center navigation satellite Naval Sea Systems Command Naval Sea Systems Command instruction naval sea logistics center Naval Sea Systems Command United States Navy Forces, Southern Command Naval Satellite Operations Center; naval special operations command; naval special operations component; Navy special operations component naval special operations forces; Navy special operations forces Naval Space Command Naval Special Warfare Command JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NAVSPOC NAVSUP NAVSUPINST NAVSUPSYSCOM NAVWAR NAWCAD NB NBC NBCCS NBDP NBG NBI NBS NBST NBVC NC3A NCAA NCAGS NCAPS NCB NCC NCCS NCD NCDC NCES NCESGR NCF NCFSU NCHB NCHF NCIC NCI&KA NCIS NCISRA NCISRO NCISRU NCIX NCMP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Naval Space Operations Center Naval Supply Systems Command Navy Support Instruction Naval Supply Systems Command navigation warfare Naval Air Warfare Center, Aircraft Division narrowband nuclear, biological, and chemical nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) contamination survivability narrow band direct printing naval beach group nonbattle injury National Bureau of Standards narrowband secure terminal Naval Base Ventura County nuclear command, control, and communications (C3) assessment North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Civil Airlift Agency naval cooperation and guidance for shipping naval coordination and protection of shipping national central bureau; naval construction brigade National Coordinating Center; naval component commander; Navy component command; Navy component commander; network control center; North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Command Center Nuclear Command and Control System net control device National Climatic Data Center Net-Centric Enterprise Services National Committee of Employer Support for the Guard and Reserve naval construction force naval construction force support unit Navy cargo-handling battalion Navy cargo handling force National Crime Information Center national critical infrastructure and key assets Naval Criminal Investigative Service Naval Criminal Investigative Service resident agent Naval Criminal Investigative Service regional office Naval Criminal Investigative Service resident unit National Counterintelligence Executive Navy Capabilities and Mobilization Plan A-107 Appendix A NCO NCOB NCOIC NCOS NCP NCPC NCR NCRCC NCRCG NCRDEF NCR-IADS NCS NCSC NCSE NCT NCTAMS NCTC NCTS NCWS NDA NDAA NDAF N-day NDB NDCS NDDOC NDHQ NDIC NDL NDMC NDMS NDOC NDP NDPB NDPC NDRC A-108 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 noncombat operations; noncommissioned officer National Counterintelligence Operations Board noncommissioned officer in charge naval control of shipping National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan National Counterprolification Center National Capital Region (US); national cryptologic representative; National Security Agency/Central Security Service representative; naval construction regiment National Capital Region Coordination Center National Cyber Response Coordination Group national cryptologic representative defense National Capital Region - Integrated Air Defense System National Clandestine Service; National Communications System; naval control of shipping; net control station National Computer Security Center national intelligence support team (NIST) communications support element network control terminal naval computer and telecommunications area master station National Counterterrorism Center; North East Counterdrug Training Center naval computer and telecommunications station naval coastal warfare squadron national defense area National Defense Authorization Act Navy, Defense Logistics Agency, Air Force day an active duty unit is notified for deployment or redeployment nondirectional beacon national drug control strategy US Northern Command Deployment and Distribution Operations Center National Defence Headquarters, Canada National Drug Intelligence Center national desired ground zero list North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Defense Manpower Committee National Disaster Medical System (DHHS) National Defense Operations Center national disclosure policy National Drug Policy Board National Disclosure Policy Committee National Detainee Reporting Center JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NDRF NDS NDSF NDU NEA NEAT NEC NECC NEIC NELR NEMT NEO NEOCC NEPA NEREP NES NESDIS NEST NETOPS NETS NETT NETWARCOM NEW NEWAC NEWCS NEXCOM NFA NFD NFELC NFESC NFI NFIB NFIP NFLIR NFLS NFN NFO NG NGA NGB NGB-OC NGF NGFS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms National Defense Reserve Fleet National Defense Strategy National Defense Sealift Fund National Defense University Northeast Asia naval embarked advisory team National Economic Council Navy Expeditionary Combat Command Navy Expeditionary Intelligence Command Navy expeditionary logistics regiment National Emergency Management Team noncombatant evacuation operation noncombatant evacuation operation coordination center National Environmental Policy Act Nuclear Execution and Reporting Plan National Exploitation System National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (DOC) nuclear emergency support team network operations Nationwide Emergency Telecommunications System new equipment training team Naval Network Warfare Command naval expeditionary warfare; net explosive weight North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Electronic Warfare Advisory Committee NATO electronic warfare core staff Navy Exchange Command no-fire area nodal fault diagnostics Naval Facilities Expeditionary Logistics Center Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center national foreign intelligence National Foreign Intelligence Board National Flood Insurance Program (FEMA); National Foreign Intelligence Program navigation forward-looking infrared naval forward logistic site national file number naval flight officer National Guard National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency National Guard Bureau National Guard Bureau - Office of the Chaplain naval gun fire naval gunfire support A-109 Appendix A NGIC NG JFHQ-State NGLO NGO NGP NGRF NHCS NI NIBRS NIC NICC NICCL NICCP NICI NID NIDMS NIDS NIE NIEX NIEXPG NIFC NII NIIB NIL NIMCAMP NIMS NIOC NIP NIPRNET NIPS NIRT NISH NISP NIST NIT NITES NITF NIU NIWA A-110 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 National Ground Intelligence Center National Guard joint force headquarters-state naval gunfire liaison officer nongovernmental organization National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Program National Guard reaction force nonhostile casualty national identification (number); noted item National Incident-Based Reporting System National Intelligence Council; naval intelligence center National Intelligence Coordination Center National Incident Communications Conference Line National Interdiction Command and Control Plan National Interagency Counternarcotics Institute naval intelligence database National Military Command System (NMCS) Information for Decision Makers System National Military Command Center (NMCC) information display system national intelligence estimate no-notice interoperability exercise No-Notice Interoperability Exercise Planning Group national interagency fire center national information infrastructure National Geospatial Intelligence Agency imagery intelligence brief National Information Library National Information Management and Communications Master Plan National Incident Management System Navy Information Operations Command National Intelligence Program Nonsecure Internet Protocol Router Network Naval Intelligence Processing System Nuclear Incident Response Team noncombatant evacuation operation (NEO) intelligence support handbook national intelligence support plan; Nuclear Weapons Intelligence Support Plan National Institute of Standards and Technology; national intelligence support team nuclear incident team Navy Integrated Tactical Environmental System national imagery transmission format North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) interface unit naval information warfare activity JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NJOIC NJTTF NL NLO .NL. NLT NLW NM nm NMAWC NMB NMC NMCB NMCC NMCM NMCS NMD NMEC NMFS NMIC NMIST NMOC NMOSW NMP NMPS NMR NMRC NMS NMSA NMS-CO NMS-CWMD NMSP-WOT NNAG NNSA NOAA NOACT NOC NOCONTRACT NODDS NOE NOEA JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms National Joint Operations Intelligence Center National Joint Terrorism Task Force Navy lighterage naval liaison officer not less than not later than nonlethal weapon network management nautical mile Naval Mine and Anti-Submarine Warfare Command North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military body Navy Munitions Command naval mobile construction battalion National Military Command Center not mission capable, maintenance National Military Command System; not mission capable, supply national missile defense National Media Exploitation Center National Marine Fisheries Services National Maritime Intelligence Center National Military Intelligence Support Team (DIA) network management operations center Naval METOC Operational Support Web national media pool Navy mobilization processing site news media representative Naval Medical Research Center National Military Strategy North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Mutual Support Act National Military Strategy for Cyberspace Operations National Military Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction National Military Strategic Plan for the War on Terrorism North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Naval Armaments Group National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Navy overseas air cargo terminal National Operations Center; network operations center not releasable to contractors or consultants Naval Oceanographic Data Distribution System nap-of-the-earth nuclear operations emergency action A-111 Appendix A NOFORN NOG NOGAPS NOHD NOIC NOK NOLSC NOMS NOMWC NOP NOPLAN NORAD NORM NORS NOSC NOSSA NOTAM NOTMAR NP NPC NPES NPG NPOESS NPS NPT NPWIC NQ NR NRAT NRC NRCC NRCHB NRCHF NRCHTB NRF NRFI NRG NRL NRO NROC NRP NRPC A-112 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 not releasable to foreign nationals Nuclear Operations Group Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System nominal ocular hazard distance Naval Operational Intelligence Center next of kin Naval Operational Logistics Support Center Nuclear Operations Monitoring System Navy Oceanographic Mine Warfare Center nuclear operations no operation plan available or prepared North American Aerospace Defense Command normal; not operationally ready, maintenance not operationally ready, supply network operations and security center Navy Ordnance Safety and Security Activity notice to airmen notice to mariners nonproliferation Nonproliferation Center Nuclear Planning and Execution System nonunit personnel generator National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System National Park Service; nonprior service; Nuclear Planning System national pipe thread; Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons National Prisoner of War Information Center nonquota North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) restricted; number nuclear/radiological advisory team National Response Center; non-unit-related cargo national response coordination center Naval Reserve cargo-handling battalion Naval Reserve cargo handling force Naval Reserve cargo handling training battalion National Response Framework not ready for issue notional requirements generator nuclear weapons (NUWEP) reconnaissance list National Reconnaissance Office Northern Regional Operations Center (CARIBROC-CBRN) National Response Plan; non-unit-related personnel Naval Reserve Personnel Center JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NRTD NRZ NS NSA NSA/CSS NSAWC NSC NSC/DC NSCID NSC/IPC NSC/IWG NSC/PC NSC/PCC NSCS NSCTI NS-CWMD NSD NSDA NSDD NSDM NSDS-E NSE NSEP NSF NSFS NSG NSGI NSHS NSI NSL NSM NSMS NSN NSNF NSO NSOC NSOOC NSP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms near-real-time dissemination non-return-to-zero nuclear survivability national security act; National Security Agency; national security area; national shipping authority; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Standardization Agency National Security Agency/Central Security Service Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center National Security Council Deputies Committee of the National Security Council National Security Council intelligence directive National Security Council/interagency policy committee National Security Council/Interagency Working Group National Security Council/Principals Committee National Security Council Policy Coordinating Committee National Security Council System Naval Special Clearance Team One National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction National Security Directive; National Security Division (FBI) non-self deployment aircraft national security decision directive national security decision memorandum Navy Satellite Display System-Enhanced national support element; Navy support element national security emergency preparedness National Science Foundation naval surface fire support National System for Geospatial Intelligence; north-seeking gyro National System for Geospatial Intelligence National Strategy for Homeland Security not seriously injured no-strike list national search and rescue (SAR) manual National Strategy for Maritime Security national stock number nonstrategic nuclear forces non-Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP) option National Security Operations Center; National Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Operations Center; Navy Satellite Operations Center North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Staff Officer Orientation Course national search and rescue plan A-113 Appendix A N-Sp/CC NSPD NSRL NSS NSSA NSSE NSST NST NSTAC NSTISSC NSTL NSTS NSW NSWCDD NSWCOM NSWG NSWTE NSWTF NSWTG NSWTU NSWU NT NTACS NTAP NTB NTBC NTC NTCS-A NTDS NTF N-TFS NTIA NTIC NTISS NTISSI NTISSP NTM A-114 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)-US Space Command/Command Center national security Presidential directive national signals intelligence (SIGINT) requirements list National Search and Rescue Supplement; National Security Strategy; national security system; non-self-sustaining National Security Space Architect national special security event naval space support team National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency support team National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee National Security Telecommunications and Information Systems Security Committee national strategic targets list National Secure Telephone System naval special warfare Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division Naval Special Warfare Command naval special warfare group naval special warfare task element naval special warfare task force naval special warfare task group naval special warfare task unit naval special warfare unit nodal terminal Navy tactical air control system National Track Analysis Program national target base National Military Joint Intelligence Center Targeting and Battle Damage Assessment Cell National Training Center Navy Tactical Command System-Afloat naval tactical data system nuclear task force New Tactical Forecast System National Telecommunications and Information Administration Navy Tactical Intelligence Center National Telecommunications and Information Security System National Telecommunications and Information Security System (NTISS) Instruction National Telecommunications and Information Security System (NTISS) Policy national or multinational technical means of verification; notice to mariners JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 NTMPDE NTMS NTPS NTRP NTS NTSB NTSS NTTP NTU NUC NUCINT NUDET NUDETS NUFEA NUP NURC NURP NUWEP NVD NVDT NVG NVS NW NWARS NWB NWBLTU NWDC NWFP NWP NWREP NWS NWT Abbreviations and Acronyms National Telecommunications Master Plan for Drug Enforcement national telecommunications management structure near-term pre-positioned ships Navy tactical reference publication night targeting system; noncombatant evacuation operations tracking system National Transportation Safety Board National Time-Sensitive System Navy tactics, techniques, and procedures new threat upgrade non-unit-related cargo; nuclear nuclear intelligence nuclear detonation nuclear detonation detection and reporting system Navy-unique fleet essential aircraft non-unit-related personnel non-unit-related cargo non-unit-related personnel policy guidance for the employment of nuclear weapons night vision device National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency voluntary deployment team night vision goggle(s) night vision system network warfare; not waiverable National Wargaming System normal wideband normal wideband line termination unit Navy Warfare Development Command Northwest Frontier Province (Pakistan) Navy warfare publication; numerical weather prediction nuclear weapons report National Weather Service normal wideband terminal O 1MC 1NCD O O&I O&M OA OADR JP 1-02 general announcing system 1st Naval Construction Division contour pattern operations and intelligence operation and maintenance objective area; operating assembly; operational area; Operations Aerology shipboard METOC division originating agency’s determination required A-115 Appendix A OAE OAF OAFME OAG OAI OAJCG OAP OAR OAS OASD OASD(PA) OASD(RA) OAU O/B OB OBA OBFS OBST OBSTINT OC OCA OCBD OCC OCCA OCD OCDEFT OCE OCEANCON OCHA OCJCS OCJCS-PA OCMI OCO OCONUS OCOP OCP OCR OCU OCU-1 OD ODA ODATE O-Day ODB A-116 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operational area evaluation Operation ALLIED FORCE Office of the Armed Forces Medical Examiner operations advisory group oceanographic area of interest Operation Alliance joint control group offset aimpoint Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff operation plans assessment report offensive air support; Organization of American States Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs) Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Reserve Affairs) Organization of African Unity outboard operating base; order of battle oxygen breathing apparatus offshore bulk fuel system obstacle obstacle intelligence oleoresin capsicum ; operations center offensive counterair; operational control authority Office of Capacity Building and Development (USDA) Operations Computer Center (USCG) Ocean Cargo Clearance Authority orderwire clock distributor organized crime drug enforcement task force officer conducting the exercise control of oceanographic information Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff-Public Affairs officer in charge, Marine inspection offload control officer outside the continental United States outline contingency operation plan operational configuration processing Office of Collateral Responsibility orderwire control unit (Types I, II, and III) orderwire control unit-1 operational detachment; other detainee operational detachment-Alpha organization date off-load day operational detachment-Bravo JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 ODC ODCSLOG ODCSOPS ODCSPER ODIN ODJS ODNI ODR ODZ OE&AS OEBGD OECD OE OEF OEG OEH OEM OER OES OET OF OFAC OFCO OFDA OFHIS OFOESA OGA OGS OH OHDACA OHDM OI OIA OI&A OIC OICC OID OIF JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Office of Defense Cooperation Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics (Army) Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans (Army) Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel (Army) Operational Digital Network Office of the Director, Joint Staff Office of the Director of National Intelligence Office of Defense representative outer defense zone organization for embarkation and assignment to shipping Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development operational environment Operation ENDURING FREEDOM operational experts group; operational exposure guide; operations security (OPSEC) executive group occupational and environmental health original equipment manufacturer officer evaluation report; operational electronic intelligence (ELINT) requirements office of emergency services Office of Emergency Transportation (DOT) officer (NATO) Office of Foreign Assets Control (TREAS) offensive counterintelligence operation Office of United States Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID) operational fleet hospital information system Office of Field Operational and External Support Activities other government agency overseas ground station overhead Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid (DSCA) Office of Humanitarian Assistance, Disaster Relief, and Mine Action Office of Intelligence (USCS); operating instruction; operational interest Office of International Affairs (TREAS) Office of Intelligence and Analysis (DHS) officer in charge officer in charge of construction; operational intelligence coordination center operation order (OPORD) identification Operation IRAQI FREEDOM A-117 Appendix A OIR OJT OL OLD OLS OM OMA OMB OMC OMF OMS OMSPH OMT OMT/OMTP ONDCP ONE ONI OOB OOD OODA OOS OP OPARS OPBAT OPC OPCEN OPCOM OPCON OPDAT OPDEC OPDS OPE OPELINT OPEO OPFOR OPG OPGEN OPLAN OPLAW OPM OPMG OPNAVINST OPORD A-118 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 operational intelligence requirements; other intelligence requirements on-the-job training operating location on-line tests and diagnostics operational linescan system; optical landing system contour multiunit Office of Military Affairs (CIA and USAID) Office of Management and Budget; operations management branch Office of Military Cooperation; optical memory card officer master file Office of Mission Support Office of Medicine, Science, and Public Health (DHHS) operations management team; orthogonal mode transducer operational maintenance test(ing)/test plan Office of National Drug Control Policy Operation NOBLE EAGLE Office of Naval Intelligence order of battle officer of the deck observe, orient, decide, act out of service operational publication (USN); ordnance publication Optimum Path Aircraft Routing System Operation Bahamas, Turks, and Caicos Ocean Prediction Center (DOC) operations center (USCG) operational command (NATO) operational control Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance, and Training (DOJ) operational deception offshore petroleum discharge system operational preparation of the environment operational electronic intelligence Office of Preparedness and Emergency Operations (DHHS) opposing force; opposition force operations planning group operation general matter operation plan operational law Office of Personnel Management; operations per minute Office of the Provost Marshal General Chief of Naval Operations instruction operation order JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 OPP OPR OPREP OPROJ OPS OPSCOM OPSDEPS OPSEC OPSTK OPSUM OPT OPTAR OPTASK OPTASKLINK OPTEMPO OPTINT OPZONE OR ORBAT ORCON ORDREF ORDTYP ORG ORIG ORM ORP ORS ORSA OS OSA OSAT OSC OSCE OSD OSE OSEI OSG OSI OSIA OSINT OSIS OSO OSOCC OSP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms off-load preparation party; orderwire patch panel office of primary responsibility operational report operational project operational project stock; operations; operations center Operations Committee Service Operations Deputies operations security operational stock operation summary operational planning team operating target operation task operations task link operating tempo optical intelligence operation zone operational readiness; other rank(s) (NATO) order of battle originator controlled order reference order type origin (GEOLOC) origin operational risk management ocean reception point operationally responsive space operations research and systems analysis operating system operational support airlift out-of-service analog test offensive space control; on-scene commander; on-site commander; operational support command; operations support center Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Office of the Secretary of Defense on scene endurance; operations support element operational significant event imagery operational support group open system interconnection; operational subsystem interface on-site inspection activity open-source intelligence open-source information system operational support office on-site operations coordination center operations support package A-119 Appendix A OSPG OSRI OSV OT OT&E OTA OTC OTG OTH OTH-B OTHT OTI OTS OUB OUSD OUSD(AT&L) OUSD(C) OUSD(P) OUT OVE OVER OVM OW OWS As Amended Through 15 November 2011 overseas security policy group originating station routing indicator ocean station vessel operational test operational test and evaluation Office of Technical Assistance (TREAS) officer in tactical command; over the counter operational target graphic other; over the horizon over-the-horizon backscatter (radar) over-the-horizon targeting Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID) Officer Training School; one-time source offshore petroleum discharge system (OPDS) utility boat Office of the Under Secretary of Defense Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics) Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy outsize cargo on-vehicle equipment oversize cargo Operation Vigilant Mariner orderwire operational weather squadron P P PA PAA PABX PACAF PAD PADD PADRU PADS PAG PAL PALCON PALS PAM A-120 parallel pattern; priority; publication parent relay; physician assistant; primary agency; probability of arrival; public affairs position area of artillery private automatic branch exchange (telephone) Pacific Air Forces patient administration director; positional adjustment; precision aircraft direction person authorized to direct disposition of human remains Pan American Disaster Response Unit position azimuth determining system public affairs guidance permissive action link; personnel allowance list; program assembler language pallet container precision approach landing system preventive and aerospace medicine; pulse amplitude modulation JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 PaM PANS PAO PAR PARC PARKHILL PARPRO PARS PAS PAT PAV PAWS PAX PB PB4T PBA PBCR PBD PBOS PC Pc P,C,&H PC&S PCA PCC PCF PCL PC-LITE PCM PCO PCRTS PCS PCT PCTC PCZ PD Pd JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms passage material procedures for air navigation services public affairs office; public affairs officer performance assessment report; population at risk; precision approach radar principal assistant for contracting high frequency cryptological device peacetime application of reconnaissance programs Personnel and Accountability System personnel accounting symbol public affairs team policy assessment visit phased array warning system passengers; public affairs plans particle beam; patrol boat; peace building; President’s budget planning board for training performance-based agreement; production base analysis portable bar code recorder program budget decision Planning Board for Ocean Shipping patrol craft; personal computer; pilot in command; preliminary coordination; Principals Committee cumulative probability of detection packing, crating, and handling post, camp, and station Posse Comitatus Act policy coordination committee; primary control center personnel control facility positive control launch processor, laptop imagery transmission equipment pulse code modulation primary control officer; procuring contracting officer primary casualty receiving and treatment ship permanent change of station; personal communications system; primary control ship; processing subsystem; processor controlled strapping personnel control team pure car and truck carrier physical control zone position description; Presidential directive; priority designator; probability of damage; probability of detection; procedures description; program definition; program directive; program director; public diplomacy drift compensated parallelogram pattern A-121 Appendix A PDA PDAI PDC PDD PDDA PDDG PDG PDM PDOP PDS PDSC PDSS PDUSD(P&R) PE PEAD PEC PECK PECP PED PEDB PEGEO PEI PEIO PEM PEO PEP PER PERE PERID PERMREP PERSCO PERSCOM PERSINS PES PFA PFD PFDB PFIAB PFID PFO PfP PGI A-122 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 preliminary damage assessment primary development/test aircraft inventory Pacific Disaster Center Presidential decision directive power driven decontamination apparatus program directive development group positional data graphic program decision memorandum position dilution of precision position determining system; primary distribution site; protected distribution system public diplomacy and strategic communication predeployment site survey Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) peace enforcement; peacetime establishment; personal effects; preparation of the environment; program element Presidential emergency action document program element code patient evacuation contingency kit precision engagement collaboration process processing, exploitation, dissemination planning and execution database personnel geographic location principal end item personnel effects inventory officer program element monitor peace enforcement operations; program executive officer personnel exchange program personnel person eligible to receive effects period permanent representative (NATO) personnel support for contingency operations personnel command (Army) personnel information system preparedness evaluation system primary federal agency personal flotation device planning factors database President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board positive friendly identification principal federal official Partnership for Peace (NATO) procedures, guidance, and information JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 PGM pH PHEO PHIBCB PHIBGRU PHIBOP PHIBRON PHO PHS PI PIC PID PIDD PIF PII PIM PIN PINS PIO PIPS PIR PIRAZ PIREP PIRT PIW PJ PK PKG-POL PKI PKO PKP PKSOI PL PLA PLAD PLANORD PLAT PLB PLC PLGR PLL PLL/ASL PLRS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms precision-guided munition potential of hydrogen public health emergency officer amphibious construction battalion amphibious group amphibious operation amphibious squadron posthostilities operations Public Health Service point of impact; probability of incapacitation; procedural item; purposeful interference parent indicator code; payment in cash; person identification code; pilot in command; press information center (NATO) plan identification number planned inactivation or discontinued date problem identification flag pre-incident indicators pretrained individual manpower personnel increment number precise integrated navigation system press information officer; public information officer plans integration partitioning system priority intelligence requirement positive identification and radar advisory zone pilot report Purposeful Interference Response Team person in water pararescue jumper peacekeeping; probability of kill packaged petroleum, oils, and lubricants public key infrastructure peacekeeping operations purple k powder Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute phase line; public law plain language address plain language address directory planning order pilot’s landing aid television personal locator beacon power line conditioner precise lightweight global positioning system (GPS) receiver phase locked loop prescribed load list/authorized stock level position location reporting system A-123 Appendix A PLS PLT PM PMA PMAA PMAI P/M/C PMC PMCF PMCT PMD PME PMEL PMESII PMGM PMI PMN PMO PMOS PMR PMRC PMS PN PNA PNID PNT PNVS P/O PO POA POAI POB POC POCD POD POE POES A-124 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 palletized load system; personal locator system; personnel locator system; pillars of logistic support; precision location system platoon; program library tape Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (DOS); parallel track multiunit; passage material; patient movement; peacemaking; political-military affairs; preventive medicine; program management; program manager; provost marshal political/military assessment Production Management Alternative Architecture primary mission aircraft inventory passengers/mail/cargo parallel multiunit circle; private military company post maintenance check flight port movement control team program management directive professional military education precision measurement equipment laboratory political, military, economic, social, information, and infrastructure program manager’s guidance memorandum patient movement item parallel track multiunit non-return production management office(r); program management office primary military occupational specialty parallel track multiunit return; patient movement request; patient movement requirement patient movement requirements center portable meteorological subsystem partner nation; pseudonoise postal net alert precedence network in dialing positioning, navigation, and timing pilot night vision system part of peace operations; petty officer plan of action primary other aircraft inventory persons on board point of contact port operations cargo detachment plan of the day; port of debarkation; probability of detection port of embarkation; port of entry polar operational environment satellite JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 POF POG POI POL POLAD POLCAP POLMIL POM POMCUS POMSO POP POPS POR PORTS PORTSIM POS POSF POSSUB POSTMOB POTUS POV POW P/P p-p PPA PPAG PPBE PPD PPDB PPE PPF Pplan PPLI ppm PPP PPR PPS PPTO PR PRA PRANG PRBS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms priority of fires port operations group program of instruction petroleum, oils, and lubricants policy advisor; political advisor bulk petroleum capabilities report political-military program objective memorandum pre-positioning of materiel configured to unit sets Plans, Operations, and Military Support Office(r) (NG) performance oriented packaging port operational performance simulator proposed operational requirement portable remote telecommunications system port simulation model peacetime operating stocks; point of sale; probability of success port of support file possible submarine post mobilization President of the United States privately owned vehicle prisoner of war patch panel peak-to-peak personnel information system (PERSINS) personnel activity proposed public affairs guidance Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Presidential policy directive; program planning document point positioning database personal protective equipment personnel processing file programming plan precise participant location and identification parts per million power projection platform; primary patch panel; priority placement program prior permission required precise positioning service petroleum pipeline and terminal operating personnel recovery; Phoenix Raven; primary zone; production requirement; program review patient reception area; primary review authority Puerto Rican Air National Guard pseudorandom binary sequence A-125 Appendix A PRC PRCC PRD PRDO PRECOM PREMOB PREPO PREREP PRF PRG PRI PRIFLY Prime BEEF PRISM PRM PRMFL PRMS PRN PRO PROBSUB PROC PROFIS PROM PROPIN PROVORG proword PRP PRRIS PRSL PRT PRTF PRU PS PSA PSB PSC PSD A-126 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 populace and resources control; Presidential Reserve Call-up personnel recovery coordination cell personnel readiness division; Presidential review directive personnel recovery duty officer preliminary communications search pre-mobilization pre-positioned force, equipment, or supplies; prepositioning pre-arrival report personnel resources file; pulse repetition frequency program review group movement priority for forces having the same latest arrival date (LAD); priority; progressive routing indicator primary flight control Prime Base Engineer Emergency Force Planning Tool for Resource, Integration, Synchronization, and Management Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (DOS); Presidential review memorandum perm file personnel recovery mission software pseudorandom noise personnel recovery officer probable submarine processor; Puerto Rican Operations Center professional officer filler information system programmable read-only memory caution - proprietary information involved providing organization procedure word personnel reliability program; Personnel Retrieval and Processing Puerto Rican radar integration system primary zone/switch location pararescue team; patient reception team; provincial reconstruction team personnel recovery task force pararescue unit; primary reporting unit parallel track single-unit; processing subsystem port support activity poststrike base port security company; principal subordinate command; private security contractor planning systems division JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 PSE PS/HD PSHDGRU PSI psi PSK PSL PSMS PSN PSO PSP PSS P-STATIC PSTN PSU PSV PTA PTAI PTC PTDO PTM PTT PTTI pub PUK PUL PV PVNTMED PVT PW pW PWB PWD PWF PWG PWIS PWR PWRMR PWRMS PWRR PWRS JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms peculiar support equipment port security/harbor defense port security and harbor defense group personnel security investigation; Proliferation Security Initiative pounds per square inch phase-shift keying parallel track single-unit long-range aid to navigation (LORAN) Personnel Status Monitoring System packet switching node; public switch network peace support operations (NATO); post security officer perforated steel planking; portable sensor platform; power support platform parallel single-unit spiral; personnel services support precipitation static public switched telephone network port security unit pseudosynthetic video position, time, altitude primary training aircraft inventory peace through confrontation; primary traffic channel prepare to deploy order personnel transport module postal telephone and telegraph; public telephone and telegraph; push-to-talk precise time and time interval publication packup kit parent unit level prime vendor preventive medicine positioning, velocity, and timing prisoner of war picowatt printed wiring board (assembly) programmed warhead detonation personnel working file protection working group Prisoner of War Information System pre-positioned wartime reserves pre-positioned war materiel requirement pre-positioned war reserve materiel stock petroleum war reserve requirements petroleum war reserve stocks; pre-positioned war reserve stock A-127 Appendix A PWS PZ As Amended Through 15 November 2011 performance work statement pickup zone Q QA QAM QAT QC QD QDR QEEM QHDA QIP QM QPSK QRA QRCT QRE QRF QRG QRP QRS QRSA QRT QS QSR QSTAG QTY QUADCON quality assurance quadrature amplitude modulation quality assurance team quality control quality distance quadrennial defense review; quality deficiency report quick erect expandable mast qualified hazardous duty area quick impact project quartermaster quadrature phase shift keying quick reaction antenna quick reaction communications terminal quick reaction element quick response force quick response graphic quick response posture quick reaction strike quick reaction satellite antenna quick reaction team quality surveillance quality surveillance representative quadripartite standardization agreement quantity quadruple container R R R&D R&R R&S R2P2 RA RAA RABFAC RAC RAC-OT RAD RADAY A-128 routine; search radius research and development rest and recuperation reconnaissance and surveillance; reconstruction and stabilization rapid response planning process response action; risk analysis; risk assessment redeployment assembly area radar beacon forward air controller responsible analytic center readiness assessment system - output tool routine aerial distribution radio day JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 RADBN RADC RADCON RADF RADHAZ RADINT RADS RAE RAF R-AFF RAM RAMCC RAOB RAOC RAP RAS RAS-OT RAST RASU RATE RATT RB RBC RBE RBECS RBI RB std RC RCA RCAT RCC RCCPDS RCD RCEM RCHB RCIED RCM RCMP RC NORTH RCO RCP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms radio battalion regional air defense commander radiological control team radarfind electromagnetic radiation hazards radar intelligence rapid area distribution support (USAF) right of assistance entry Royal Air Force (UK) regimental affiliation raised angle marker; random access memory; random antiterrorism measure regional air movement coordination center rawindsonde observation rear area operations center; regional air operations center Radiological Assistance Program (DOE); rear area protection; Remedial Action Projects Program (JCS) recovery activation signal; replenishment at sea readiness assessment system – output tool recovery assistance, securing, and traversing systems random access storage unit refine, adapt, terminate, execute radio teletype radar beacon; short-range coastal or river boat red blood cell remain-behind equipment Revised Battlefield Electronic Communications, Electronics, Intelligence, and Operations (CEIO) System RED/BLACK isolator rubidium standard receive clock; regional coordinator; Reserve Component; resident coordinator (UN); river current residual capabilities assessment; riot control agent regional counterdrug analysis team regional contracting center; relocation coordination center Reserve Component common personnel data system regional collection detachment regional contingency engineering management reserve cargo handling battalion radio-controlled improvised explosive device Rules for Courts-Martial Royal Canadian Mounted Police Regional Command North (NATO) regional contracting office resynchronization control panel A-129 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 RCS RC SOUTH RCSP RCT RCTA RCU RCVR RD RDA R-day RDCFP RDCTFP radar cross section Regional Command South (NATO) remote call service position regimental combat team; rescue coordination team (Navy) Regional Counterdrug Training Academy rate changes unit; remote control unit receiver receive data; ringdown research, development, and acquisition redeployment day Regional Defense Counterterrorism Fellowship Program Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program radiological dispersal device; required delivery date US Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command radio direction finder; rapid deployment force request for deployment order research, development, test and evaluation rapid execution and combat targeting radiation emergency assistance center/training site (DOE) resource augmentation duty program Residual Capability Assessment residual capability assessment system residual capability assessment team reconnaissance reconstitution-mobilization reconnaissance radiological exposure device Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineer reference(s) regiment relative releasable to Canada regional emergency management team remote environmental monitoring unit system bulk petroleum contingency report; petroleum damage and deficiency report; reporting emergency petroleum, oils, and lubricants report of shipment reporting unit request confirmation air mission request status tasking radiation exposure status research, evaluation, and system analysis RDD RDECOM RDF RDO RDT&E REACT REAC/TS READY RECA RECAS RECAT RECCE RECMOB RECON RED RED HORSE REF REGT REL RELCAN REMT REMUS REPOL REPSHIP REPUNIT REQCONF REQSTATASK RES RESA A-130 JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 RESCAP RESCORT RESPROD RET RF RFA RFC RF CM RFD RF/EMPINT RFF RFI RFID RFL RFP RFS RFW RG RGR RGS RH Rh RHIB RI RIB RIC RICO RIG RIK RIMS RIP RIS RISOP RISTA RIT RIVRON RJTD RLD RLE RLG RLGM RLGM/CD RLP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms rescue combat air patrol rescue escort responsible production retired radio frequency; reserve force; response force radio frequency authorization; request for assistance; restrictive fire area request for capabilities; response force commander radio frequency countermeasures revision first draft radio frequency/electromagnetic pulse intelligence request for feedback; request for forces radio frequency interference; ready for issue; request for information radio frequency identification restrictive fire line request for proposal request for service request for waiver reconstitution group Rangers remote geospatial intelligence services reentry home Rhesus factor rigid hull inflatable boat Refugees International; routing indicator rubberized inflatable boat routing indicator code regional interface control officer recognition identification group replacement in kind registrant information management system register of intelligence publications reconnaissance information system red integrated strategic offensive plan reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance, and target acquisition remote imagery transceiver riverine squadron reconstitution joint table of distribution ready-to-load date rail liaison element regional liaison group; ring laser gyro remote loop group multiplexer remote loop group multiplexer/cable driver remote line printer A-131 Appendix A RM RMC RMKS RMO RMP RMS RMU RNAV RNP R/O Ro ROA ROC ROCU ROE ROEX ROG ROICC ROK ROM RON RO/RO ROS ROTC ROTHR ROWPU ROZ RP RPG RPM RPO RPPO RPT RPTOR RPV RQMT RQT RR RRC RRCC A-132 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 recovery mechanism; resource management; risk management remote multiplexer combiner; rescue mission commander; Resource Management Committee (CSIF); returned to military control remarks regional Marine officer religious ministry professional requirements management system; root-mean-square receiver matrix unit area navigation remote network processor receive only search radius rounded to next highest whole number restricted operations area regional operations center; rehearsal of concept; required operational capability remote orderwire control unit rules of engagement rules of engagement exercise railhead operations group resident officer in charge of construction Republic of Korea read-only memory; restriction of movement; rough order of magnitude remain overnight roll-on/roll-off reduced operating status Reserve Officer Training Corps relocatable over-the-horizon backscatter radar (USN) reverse osmosis water purification unit restricted operations zone reconstitution priority; release point (road); religious program specialist; retained personnel rocket propelled grenade revolutions per minute rendezvous and proximity operations Requirements, Plans, and Policy Office report reporting organization remotely piloted vehicle requirement rapid query tool reattack recommendation regional reporting center regional response coordination center JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms RST RSTA RSTV RSU R/T RT RTA RTB RTCC RTCH RTD RTF RTFL RTG RTL RTLP RTM RTOC RTS roll-on/roll-off (RO/RO) discharge facility rapid reaction force; rapid response force; Ready Reserve Fleet; Ready Reserve Force rapid response planning process rate synthesizer; religious support; requirement submission retrograde storage area red station clock; regional service center; rescue sub-center reporting of supply discrepancy retrograde support element reference signal generator rationalization, standardization, and interoperability received signal level role specialist nation regional security officer regional signals intelligence (SIGINT) operations center reception, staging, onward movement, and integration recognized surface picture; Red Switch Project (DOD); religious support plan; religious support policy Research and Special Programs Administration radio subsystem; remote sensors subsystem; root-sum-squared regional satellite communications (SATCOM) support center; regional satellite support cell; regional signals intelligence (SIGINT) support center (NSA); regional space support center regional satellite communications support center liaison officer; regional space support center liaison officer religious support team reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition real-time synthetic video rapid support unit; rear support unit; remote switching unit receiver/transmitter recovery team; remote terminal; rough terrain residual threat assessment return to base rough terrain container crane rough terrain container handler returned to duty regional task force; return to force rough terrain forklift radar target graphic restricted target list receiver test level point real-time mode rear tactical operations center remote transfer switch JP 1-02 A-133 RRDF RRF RRPP RS RSA RSC RSD RSE RSG RSI RSL RSN RSO RSOC RSOI RSP RSPA RSS RSSC RSSC-LO Appendix A RTTY RU RUF RUIC RUSCOM RV RVR RVT RW RWCM RWR RWS RX RZ As Amended Through 15 November 2011 radio teletype release unit; rescue unit rules for the use of force Reserve unit identification number rapid ultrahigh frequency (UHF) satellite communications long-range seagoing rescue vessel; rekeying variable; rendezvous runway visibility recorder remote video terminal rotary-wing regional wartime construction manager radar warning receiver rawinsonde subsystem receive; receiver recovery zone; return-to-zero S 618th TACC S&F S&R S&T S&TI S-2 S-3 S-4 SA SAA SAAFR SAAM SAB SABER SAC SACC SACEUR SACLANT SACS SACT SADC SADL A-134 618th Tanker Airlift Control Center store-and-forward search and recovery science and technology; scientific and technical scientific and technical intelligence battalion or brigade intelligence staff officer (Army; Marine Corps battalion or regiment) battalion or brigade operations staff officer (Army; Marine Corps battalion or regiment) battalion or brigade logistics staff officer (Army; Marine Corps battalion or regiment) security assistance; selective availability (GPS); senior adviser; situational awareness; staging area; stand-alone switch senior airfield authority standard use Army aircraft flight route special assignment airlift mission scientific advisory board (USAF) situational awareness beacon with reply special actions cell; special agent in charge; supporting arms coordinator supporting arms coordination center Supreme Allied Commander, Europe (NATO) Supreme Allied Command, Atlantic secure telephone unit (STU) access control system Supreme Allied Commander Transformation sector air defense commander situation awareness data link JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 SAF SAFE SAFE-CP SAFER SAFWIN SAG SAI SAL SAL-GP SALM SALT SALTS SALUTE SAM SAMM SAMS SAO SAOC SAP SAPI SAPO SAPR SAR SARC SARDOT SARIR SARMIS SARNEG SARREQ SARSAT SARSIT SARTEL SARTF SAS SASP SASS SASSY SAT SATCOM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Secretary of the Air Force secure analyst file environment; selected area for evasion; sexual assault forensic examination selected area for evasion-contact point evasion and recovery selected area for evasion (SAFE) area activation request secure Air Force weather information network surface action group sea-to-air interface; single agency item small arms locker semiactive laser-guided projectile (USN) single-anchor leg mooring supporting arms liaison team streamlined automated logistics transfer system; streamlined automated logistics transmission system size, activity, location, unit, time, and equipment special airlift mission; surface-to-air missile security assistance management manual School of Advanced Military Studies security assistance office; security assistance officer; selected attack option sector air operations center special access program special access program for intelligence subarea petroleum office sexual assault prevention and response satellite access request; search and rescue; site access request; special access requirement; suspicious activity report; synthetic aperture radar sexual assault response coordinator; surveillance and reconnaissance center search and rescue point search and rescue incident report search and rescue management information system search and rescue numerical encryption group search and rescue request search and rescue satellite-aided tracking search and rescue situation summary report search and rescue (SAR) telephone (private hotline) search and rescue task force sealed authenticator system; special ammunition storage special ammunition supply point supporting arms special staff supported activities supply systems satellite satellite communications A-135 Appendix A SAW SB SBCT SBIRS SBL SBPO SBR SBRPT SBS SBSS SBT SBSO SBU SC SCA SCAR SCAS SCATANA SC ATLANTIC SCATMINE SCATMINEWARN SCC SCC-WMD SCDL SCE SC EUROPE SCF(UK) SCF(US) SCG SCI SCIF SCL SCM SCMP SCNE SCO SCOC SCONUM A-136 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 surface acoustic wave standby base Stryker brigade combat team space-based infrared system space-based laser Service blood program officer special boat squadron subordinate reporting organization senior battle staff; support battle staff science-based stockpile stewardship special boat team sustainment brigade special operations special boat unit sea current; search and rescue coordinator; security cooperation; station clock; strategic communication space coordinating authority; support to civil administration strike coordination and reconnaissance stability control augment system security control of air traffic and navigation aids Strategic Command, Atlantic (NATO) scatterable mine scatterable minefield warning security classification code; shipping coordination center; Standards Coordinating Committee United States Strategic Command Center for Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction surveillance control data link Service cryptologic element Strategic Command, Europe (NATO) Save the Children Fund (United Kingdom) Save the Children Federation (United States) Security Cooperation Guidance; switching controller group security and counterintelligence interviews; sensitive compartmented information sensitive compartmented information facility standard conventional load security countermeasure; Service container manager strategic command, control, and communications (C3) master plan self-contained navigation equipment secondary control officer; security cooperation organization; senior contracting official; state coordinating officer systems control and operations concept ship control number JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 SCP SCPT SCRB S/CRS SCT S/CT SCTIS SCTS SCT-UR SCUD SD SDA S-day SDB SDDC SDDCTEA SDF SDIO SDLS SDMX SDN SDNRIU SDO SDO/DATT SDP SDR SDSG SDSM SDV SE SEA Seabee SEAD SEC SECAF SECARMY SecDef SECDHS SECHS SECNAV SECNAVINST SECOMP JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms secure conferencing project; security cooperation plan; service control point; system change proposal strategic connectivity performance test software configuration review board Office of the Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (DOS) shipping coordination team; single channel transponder Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism (DOS) single channel transponder injection system single channel transponder system single channel transponder ultrahigh frequency (UHF) receiver surface-to-surface missile system strategy division Seventh-Day Adventist (ADRA) day the President authorizes selective reserve call-up Satellite Communications Database Surface Deployment and Distribution Command Surface Deployment and Distribution Command Transportation Engineering Agency self defense force Strategic Defense Initiative Organization satellite data link standards space division matrix system development notification secure digital net radio interface unit senior defense official; ship’s debarkation officer senior defense official/defense attaché strategic distribution platform system design review space division switching group space division switching matrix SEAL team delivery vehicle; submerged delivery vehicle site exploitation; spherical error Southeast Asia Navy construction engineer; sea barge suppression of enemy air defenses submarine element coordinator Secretary of the Air Force Secretary of the Army Secretary of Defense Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security Secretary of Homeland Security Secretary of the Navy Secretary of the Navy instruction secure en route communications package A-137 Appendix A SECORD SECRA SECSTATE SECTRANS SED SEDAS SEF SEHS SEI SEL SEL REL SELRES SEMA SEMS SEO/SEP SEP SEPLO SERE SERER SES SETA SEW S/EWCC SEWG S/EWOC SEWS SF SFA SFAF SFC SFCP SFG SFI SFLEO SFMS SFOD-A/B/C SFOR SFS SG SGEMP SGS SGSA SHAPE SHD A-138 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 secure cord switchboard secondary radar data only Secretary of State Secretary of Transportation signals external data spurious emission detection acquisition system sealift enhancement feature special events for homeland security specific emitter identification senior enlisted leader selective release Selected Reserve special electronic mission aircraft standard embarkation management system special enforcement operation/special enforcement program signal entrance panel; spherical error probable state emergency preparedness liaison officer survival, evasion, resistance, and escape survival, evasion, resistance, escape, recovery senior executive service system engineering and technical assistance shared early warning signals intelligence/electronic warfare coordination center Special Events Working Group signals intelligence/electronic warfare operations center satellite early warning system security force; security forces (Air Force or Navy); single frequency; special forces; standard form security force assistance standard frequency action format single-fuel concept shore fire control party security forces group; special forces group spectral composition senior federal law enforcement official special forces medical sergeant special forces operational detachment-A/B/C Stabilization Force security forces squadron strike group; supergroup; Surgeon General system-generated electromagnetic pulse strategic guidance statement squadron group systems advisor Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers, Europe special handling designator JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 SHF SHORAD SHORADEZ SI SIA SIAGL SIC SICO SICR SID SIDAC SIDL SIDO SIDS SIF SIG SIGINT SIGSEC SII SIM SIMLM SINCGARS SINS SIO SIOP SIOP-ESI SIPRNET SIR SIRADS SIRMO SIS SITLM SITREP SIV SJA SJFHQ SJFHQ(CE) SJFHQ-N SJS SKE SL SLA JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms super-high frequency short-range air defense short-range air defense engagement zone special intelligence; United States Strategic Command strategic instruction station of initial assignment survey instrument azimuth gyroscope lightweight subject identification code sector interface control officer specific intelligence collection requirement secondary imagery dissemination; standard instrument departure single integrated damage analysis capability standard intelligence documents list senior intelligence duty officer secondary imagery dissemination system selective identification feature; strategic internment facility signal signals intelligence signal security seriously ill or injured; statement of intelligence interest system impact message single integrated medical logistics management; single integrated medical logistics manager single-channel ground and airborne radio system ship’s inertial navigation system senior intelligence officer; special information operations Single Integrated Operational Plan Single Integrated Operational Plan-Extremely Sensitive Information SECRET Internet Protocol Router Network serious incident report; specific information requirement stored imagery repository and dissemination system senior information resources management official special information systems single integrated theater logistic manager situation report special interest vessel staff judge advocate standing joint force headquarters standing joint force headquarters (core element) Standing Joint Force Headquarters - North Secretary, Joint Staff station-keeping equipment sea level; switch locator service level agreement; special leave accrual A-139 Appendix A SLAM SLAR SLBM SLC SLCM SLCP SLD SLEP SLGR SLIT SLO SLOC SLP SLWT SM SMA SMART SMART-AIT SMC SMCA SMCC SMCM SMCOO SMCR SMD SMDC SMDC/ARSTRAT SME SMEB SMEO SMFT SMI SMIO SMO SMP SMPT SMRI A-140 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 stand-off land attack missile side-looking airborne radar submarine-launched ballistic missile satellite laser communications; single line concept sea-launched cruise missile ship lighterage control point; ship’s loading characteristics pamphlet system link designator service life extension program small, lightweight ground receiver (GPS) serial-lot item tracking space liaison officer sea line of communications seaward launch point side loadable warping tug Secretary, Joint Staff, memorandum; Service manager; staff memorandum; system manager special military information support operations assessment special medical augmentation response team special medical augmentation response - aeromedical isolation team midpoint compromise track spacing; search and rescue mission coordinator; system master catalog single manager for conventional ammunition strategic mobile command center surface mine countermeasures spectrum management concept of operations Selected Marine Corps Reserve strategic missile defense Space & Missile Defense Command (Army) United States Army Space and Missile Defense Command/United States Army Forces Strategic Command subject matter expert significant military exercise brief small end office semi-trailer mounted fabric tank security management infrastructure search and rescue (SAR) mission information officer senior meteorological and oceanographic officer; strategic mobility office(r); support to military operations sub-motor pool School of Military Packaging Technology service message routing indicator JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 SMS SMTP SMU S/N SN SNCO SNF SNIE SNLC SNM SNOI SO SOA SOAF SOAGS SOC SOCA SOCC SOCCE SOCCENT SOCCET SOCCT SOCEUR SOCEX SOCJFCOM SOCOORD SOCP SOCPAC SOCRATES SOCSOUTH SOD SODARS SOE SOF JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms single mobility system; special military information support operations study simple message transfer protocol special mission unit; supported activities supply system (SASSY) management unit signal to noise serial number staff noncommissioned officer strategic nuclear forces special national intelligence estimates Senior North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Logisticians Conference system notification message signal not of interest safety observer; special operations separate operating agency; special operations aviation (Army); status of action; sustained operations ashore status of action file special operations air-ground system security operations center; special operations commander; special operations component special operations communications assembly Sector Operations Control Center (NORAD) special operations command and control element Special Operations Component, United States Central Command special operations critical care evacuation team special operations combat control team Special Operations Component, United States European Command special operations capable exercise Special Operations Command, Joint Forces Command special operations coordination element special operations communication package Special Operations Component, United States Pacific Command Special Operations Command, Research, Analysis, and Threat Evaluation System Special Operations Component, United States Southern Command special operations division; strategy and options decision (Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System) special operations debrief and retrieval system special operations executive special operations forces; supervisor of flying A-141 Appendix A SOFA SOFAR SOFLAM SOFME SOFSA SOG SOI SOIC SOJTF SOLAS SOLE SOLIS SOLL SOM SOMA SOMARDS SOMARDS NT SOMPF SONMET SoO SOOP SOP SO-peculiar SOR SORTIEALOT SORTS SOS SOSB SOSC SOSCOM SOSE SOSG SOSR SOST SOTA SOTF SOTSE SOUTHAF SOUTHROC SOW A-142 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 status-of-forces agreement sound fixing and ranging special operations laser marker special operations forces medical element special operations forces support activity special operations group signal of interest; signal operating instructions; space object identification senior officer of the Intelligence Community special operations joint task force safety of life at sea special operations liaison element signals intelligence (SIGINT) On-line Information System special operations low-level satellite communications (SATCOM) operational manager; start of message; system operational manager status of mission agreement Standard Operation and Maintenance Army Research and Development System Standard Operation and Maintenance Army Research and Development System Non-Technical special operations mission planning folder special operations naval mobile environment team ship of opportunity Center for Operations, Plans, and Policy standard operating procedure; standing operating procedure special operations-peculiar statement of requirement sortie allotment message Status of Resources and Training System special operations squadron special operations support battalion special opertions support command (theater army) special operations support command special operations staff element station operations support group suppress, obscure, secure, and reduce special operations support team signals intelligence (SIGINT) operational tasking authority special operations task force special operations theater support element Southern Command Air Forces Southern Region Operational Center (USSOUTHCOM) special operations wing; standoff weapon; statement of work JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms SRCC SRF special operations weather team security police submarine patrol area Space Air Forces control of space information ships parts control center (USN) strike protection evaluation and antiair research specified special category special warfare Strategic Planning Guidance special investigative (USAF) special instructions special intelligence communications handling system spot intelligence report simplex service postal manager; single point mooring; single port manager system program office search and rescue (SAR) points of contact; space command operations center seaport of debarkation seaport of embarkation Synchronized Predeployment and Operational Tracker spot report Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America; shared production program; state partnership program software problem report special psychiatric rapid intervention team standard positioning service system planning and system control support confirmation supported command supporting command support request square feet special reconnaissance specialized-repair activity short-range air-to-surface attack missile; system replacement and modernization software release bulletin; system review board (JOPES) security risk category; service reception center; Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP) response cell; standard requirements code; survival recovery center service reserve coordination center secure Reserve force JP 1-02 A-143 SOWT SP SPA SPACEAF SPACECON SPCC SPEAR SPEC SPECAT SPECWAR SPG SPI SPINS SPINTCOMM SPIREP SPLX SPM SPO SPOC SPOD SPOE SPOT SPOTREP SPP SPR SPRINT SPS SPSC SPTCONF SPTD CMD SPTG CMD SPTREQ sqft SR SRA SRAM SRB SRC Appendix A SRG SRI SRIG S/RM SROC SROE SRP SRP/PDS SRR SRS SRSG SRT SRTD S/RTF SRU SR-UAV SRUF SRWBR S/S SS SSA SSB SSBN SSB-SC SSC SSCO SSCRA SSD SSE SSF SSI SSM SSMI SSMS A-144 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Seabee readiness group; short-range aircraft surveillance, reconnaissance, and intelligence (Marine Corps) surveillance, reconnaissance, and intelligence group (USMC) sustainment, restoration, and modernization Senior Readiness Oversight Council; Southern Region Operational Center, United States Southern Command standing rules of engagement Sealift Readiness Program; sealift reserve program; seaward recovery point; Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP) reconnaissance plan stabilization reference package/position determining system search and rescue region search and rescue sector special representative of the Secretary-General scheduled return time; special reaction team; standard remote terminal; strategic relocatable target signals research and target development search and recovery task force search and rescue unit short-range unmanned aerial vehicle standing rules for the use of force short range wide band radio steamship submarine software support activity; space situational awareness; special support activity (NSA); strapdown sensor assembly; supply support activity; supply support area single side band; support services branch; surveillance support branch fleet ballistic missile submarine single sideband-suppressed carrier small scale contingency; special security center surveillance support center shipper’s service control office Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act strategic studies detachment satellite communications (SATCOM) systems expert; space support element software support facility standing signal instruction surface-to-surface missile special sensor microwave imager single shelter message switch JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Abbreviations and Acronyms STG STICS STO STOC STOD STOL attack submarine, nuclear; Social Security number; space surveillance network sea state (number) special security office(r); spot security office signals intelligence (SIGINT) support plan single-service postal manager strategic systems program office security sector reform Selective Service System; shelter subsystem surface, subsurface search surveillance coordination special support team (National Security Agency) stability, security, transition, and reconstruction short ton; small tug; strike team short ton security test and evaluation system tape A space tactical awareness brief station clock standard Army multi-command management information system standard air munitions package (USAF) standardization agreement (NATO) Standing Naval Forces, Atlantic (NATO) scheduled theater airlift route; sensitive target approval and review; standard attribute reference; standard terminal arrival route; surface-to-air recovery; system threat assessment report state area coordinators Standard Accounting and Reporting System Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty start of exercise super tropical bleach secondary traffic channel sexually transmitted disease synchronous time division multiplexer secure telephone equipment staff augmentation team Standford telecommunications (secure telephone) software test and evaluation program; standardized tactical entry point; standard tool for employment planning seasonal target graphic scalable transportable intelligence communications system special technical operations special technical operations coordinator special technical operations division short takeoff and landing JP 1-02 A-145 SSN SS (number) SSO SSP SSPM SSPO SSR SSS SSSC SST SSTR ST S/T ST&E STA STAB STA clk STAMMIS STAMP STANAG STANAVFORLANT STAR STARC STARS START STARTEX STB STC STD STDM STE S-Team STEL STU III STEP Appendix A STOMPS STON STOVL STP STR STRAPP STRATOPS STREAM STS STT STU STU-III STW STWC STX SU SUBJ sub-JIB SUBOPAUTH sub-PIC SUBROC SUC SUIC SUMMITS SUPE SUPPO SURG SUROBS SURPIC SUST BDE SUW SUWC S/V SVC SVIP SVLTU SVR SVS Sw SWA SWAT SWBD SWC SWI SWO A-146 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 stand-alone tactical operational message processing system short ton short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft security technical procedure strength standard tanks, racks and pylons packages (USAF) strategic operations division standard tensioned replenishment alongside method special tactics squadron small tactical terminal; special tactics team secure telephone unit secure telephone unit III strike warfare strike warfare commander start of text search unit subject subordinate-joint information bureau submarine operating authority subordinate-press information center submarine rocket surf current service unit identification code scenario unrestricted mobility model of intratheater simulation supervisory commands program supply officer surgeon surf observation surface picture sustainment brigade surface warfare surface warfare commander sailboat Service secure voice improvement program service line termination unit surface vessel radar secure voice system switch Southwest Asia special weapons and tactics switchboard strike warfare commander; swell/wave current special weather intelligence staff weather officer JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 SWORD SWPC SWSOCC SWXS SYDP SYG SYNC SYS SYSCOM SYSCON SZ Abbreviations and Acronyms submarine warfare operations research division Space Weather Prediction Center Southwest Sector Operation Control Center North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Space Weather Squadron six year defense plan Secretary-General (UN) synchronization system systems command systems control surf zone T 2-D 2E 2LM 3-D T T&DE T&E T2 TA TAA TAACOM TAADS TAAMDCOORD TAB TAC TAC(A) TACAIR TACAMO TACAN TACC TAC-D TACDAR TACINTEL TACLAN TACLOG TACM TACO TACON JP 1-02 two-dimensional Role 2 enhanced Role 2 light maneuver three-dimensional search time available; short ton; trackline pattern test and diagnostic equipment test and evaluation technology transfer target acquisition; target audience; technical arrangement; theater Army; threat assessment tactical assembly area; target audience analysis theater Army area command The Army Authorization Document System theater Army air and missile defense coordinator tactical air base tactical advanced computer; terminal access controller; terminal attack control; terminal attack controller tactical air coordinator (airborne) tactical air take charge and move out (E-6A/B aircraft) tactical air navigation tactical air command center (USMC); tactical air control center (USN) tactical deception tactical detection and reporting tactical intelligence tactical local area network tactical-logistical tactical air command manual theater allied contracting office tactical control A-147 Appendix A TACOPDAT TA/CP TACP TACRON T-ACS TACS TACSAT TACSIM TACSTANS TACT TACTRAGRULANT TAD TADC TADCS TADS TAES TAF TAFDS TAFIM TAFS TAFT TAG T-AGOS TAGS T-AH TAI TAIS TAK T-AKR TALD TALON TAMCA TAMCO TAMD TAMMC TAMMIS TAMS tanalt TAO TAOC A-148 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 tactical operational data technology assessment/control plan tactical air control party tactical air control squadron auxiliary crane ship tactical air control system; theater air control system tactical satellite tactical simulation tactical standards tactical aviation control team Tactical Training Group, Atlantic tactical air direction; temporary additional duty (non-unit-related personnel); theater air defense; time available for delivery tactical air direction center tactical airborne digital camera system Tactical Air Defense System; target acquisition system and designation sight theater aeromedical evacuation system tactical air force tactical airfield fuel dispensing system technical architecture framework for information management tactical aerodrome forecasts technical assistance field team technical assessment group; technical assistance group; the adjutant general; Tomahawk land-attack missile aimpoint graphic tactical auxiliary general ocean surveillance theater air-ground system hospital ship target area of interest; total active inventory transportation automated information systems cargo ship fast logistics ship tactical air-launched decoy Threat and Local Observation Notice theater Army movement control agency theater Army movement control center theater air and missile defense theater army material management command theater Army medical management information system transportation analysis, modeling, and simulation tangent altitude tactical action officer tactical air operations center (USMC) JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 TAP TAR TARBS TARBUL TARE TAREX TARS TARWI TAS T-ASA TASCID TASCO TASIP TASKORD TASMO TASOSC TASS TASWC TAT TATC T-AVB TAW TBD TBM TBMCS TBMD TBP TBSL TBTC TC TCA TC-ACCIS TC-AIMS TC-AIMS II JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms troopship tactical air request; Training and Administration of the Reserve transportable amplitude modulation and frequency modulation radio broadcast system target bulletin tactical record evaluation target exploitation; target plans and operations tethered aerostat radar system target weather and intelligence tactical atmospheric summary; true air speed Television Audio Support Agency tactical Automatic Digital Network (AUTODIN) satellite compensation interface device tactical automatic switch control officer tailored analytic intelligence support to individual electronic warfare and command and control warfare projects tasking order tactical air support for maritime operations theater Army special operations support command tactical automated security system; tactical automated switch system theater antisubmarine warfare commander tactical analysis team; technical assistance team tactical air traffic control aviation logistics support ship tactical airlift wing to be determined tactical ballistic missile; theater ballistic missile theater battle management core system theater ballistic missile defense to be published to be supplied later transportable blood transshipment center tidal current; transmit clock and/or telemetry combiner; training circular; Transportation Corps (Army) terminal control area; time of closest approach; traditional combatant commander activity Transportation Coordinator’s Automated Command and Control Information System Transportation Coordinator’s Automated Information for Movement System Transportation Coordinator’s Automated Information for Movement System II A-149 Appendix A TCAM TCC TCCF TCEM TCF TCM TCMD TCN TCP TCS TCSEC TCSP TD TDA TDAD T-day TDBM TDBSS TDD TDF TDIC TDIG TDIM TDL TDM TDMA TDMC TDMF TDMM TDMX TDN TDP TDR TDRC TDSG TDSGM TDT TDY TE TEA A-150 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 theater Army medical management information system (TAMMIS) customer assistance module transmission control code; transportation component command tactical communications control facility theater contingency engineering management tactical combat force; technical control facility theater construction manager; theater container manager transportation control and movement document third country national; transportation control number theater campaign plan theater communications system trusted computer system evaluation criteria theater consolidation and shipping point temporary duty; theater distribution; tie down; timing distributor; total drift; transmit data Table of Distribution and Allowance Table of Distribution and Allowance (TDA) designation effective day coincident with Presidential declaration of a National Emergency and authorization of partial mobilization technical database management Theater Defense Blood Standard System target desired ground zero (DGZ) designator; time-definite delivery tactical digital facsimile time division interface controller time division interface group time division interface module tactical data link time division multiplexed time division multiple access theater distribution management cell time division matrix function time division memory module time division matrix tactical data network; target development nomination theater distribution plan transportation discrepancy report theater detainee reporting center time division switching group time division switching group modified theater display terminal temporary duty transaction editor Transportation Engineering Agency JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 TEC tech TECHCON TECHDOC TECHELINT TECHEVAL TECHINT TECHOPDAT TECS II TED TEK TEL TELEX TELINT TELNET TEMPER TENCAP TEO TEOB TEP TERCOM TERF TERPES TERPROM TERS TES TESS TET TETK TEU TEWLS TF TFA TFADS TFCICA TFE TFLIR TFMS-M TFR TFS TG TGC TGEN TGM JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms theater engineer command technical technical control technical documentation technical electronic intelligence technical evaluation technical intelligence technical operational data Treasury Enforcement Communications System trunk encryption device TeleEngineering Kit transporter-erector-launcher (missile platform) teletype telemetry intelligence telecommunication network tent extendible modular personnel tactical exploitation of national capabilities program team embarkation officer tactical electronic order of battle test and evaluation plan; theater engagement plan terrain contour matching terrain flight tactical electronic reconnaissance processing and evaluation system terrain profile matching tactical event reporting system theater event system Tactical Environmental Support System targeting effects team TeleEngineering Toolkit technical escort unit; twenty-foot equivalent unit Theater Enterprise Wide Logistics System task force toxic free area Table Formatted Aeronautic Data Set task force counterintelligence coordinating authority tactical field exchange; transportation feasibility estimator targeting forward-looking infrared Transportation Financial Management System-Military temporary flight restriction tactical fighter squadron; Tactical Forecast System task group trunk group cluster table generate trunk group multiplexer A-151 Appendix A TGMOW TGO TGT TGTINFOREP TGU TI TIAP TIARA TIB TIBS TIC TIDP TIDS TIF TIFF TII TIM TIO TIP TIPG TIPI TIPS TIR TIROS TIS TISG TISS TJAG T-JMC T-JTB TJTN TL TLAM TLAMM TLAM/N TLC TLE TLM TLP TLR TLX TM TMAO A-152 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 transmission group module and/or orderwire terminal guidance operations target target information report trunk compatibility unit threat identification; training instructor theater intelligence architecture program tactical intelligence and related activities theater intelligence brigade; toxic industrial biological tactical information broadcast service target information center; toxic industrial chemical technical interface design plan tactical imagery dissemination system theater internment facility tagged image file format total inactive inventory theater information management; toxic industrial material target intelligence officer target intelligence package; trafficking in persons telephone interface planning guide tactical information processing interpretation tactical optical surveillance system (TOSS) imagery processing system toxic industrial radiological television infrared observation satellite technical interface specification; thermal imaging system technical interoperability standards group thermal imaging sensor system the judge advocate general theater-joint movement center theater-joint transportation board theater joint tactical network team leader Tomahawk land attack missile theater lead agent for medical materiel Tomahawk land attack missile/nuclear traffic load control target location error topographic line map transmission level point trailer teletype tactical missile; target materials; team member; technical manual; theater missile; TROPO modem theater mortuary affairs office; theater mortuary affairs officer JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 TMB TMD TMEP TMG TMIP TMIS TML TMLMC TMMMC TMN TMO TMP TMR T/M/S TNAPS TNAPS+ TNC TNCC TNCO T-net TNF TNL T/O TO TO&E TOA TOC TOCU TOD TOE TOF TOFC TOH TOI TOPINT TOR TOS TOSS TOT TOW TP TPC TPC/PC JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms tactical military information support operations battalion tactical munitions dispenser; theater missile defense theater mortuary evacuation point timing theater medical information program theater medical information system terminal theater medical logistic management center theater medical materiel management center trackline multiunit non-return traffic management office; transportation management office target materials program; telecommunications management program; theater manpower forces trackline multiunit return type, model, and/or series (also as TMS) tactical network analysis and planning system tactical network analysis and planning system plus theater network operations (NETOPS) center theater network operations (NETOPS) control center transnational criminal organization training net theater nuclear force target nomination list table of organization technical order; theater of operations table of organization and equipment table of allowance tactical operations center; tanker airlift control center (TALCE) operations center tropospheric scatter (TROPO) orderwire control unit tactical ocean data; time of day table of organization and equipment time of flight trailer on flatcar top of hill track of interest technical operational intelligence term of reference; time of receipt time on station tactical optical surveillance system time on target tube launched, optically tracked, wire guided technical publication; transportation priority; turn point tactical pilotage chart tactical pilotage chart and/or pilotage chart A-153 Appendix A TPED TPERS TPFDD TPFDL TPL TPME TPMRC TPO TPRC TPT TPTRL TPU TQ TRA TRAC2ES TRACON TRADOC TRAM TRANSEC TRAP TRC TRCC TRE TREAS TREE TRIADS TRICON TRI-TAC TRK TRNG TRO TROPO TRP TRS TS TSA TSB TSBn TSC A-154 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 tasking, processing, exploitation, and dissemination; theater personal effects depot type personnel element time-phased force and deployment data time-phased force and deployment list technical publications list; telephone private line task, purpose, method, and effects theater patient movement requirements center task performance observation theater planning response cell tactical petroleum terminal time-phased transportation requirements list tank pump unit tactical questioning technical review authority transportation command regulating and command and control evacuation system terminal radar approach control facility United States Army Training and Doctrine Command target recognition attack multisensor transmission security tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel (Marine Corps); tactical related applications; tanks, racks, adapters, and pylons; terrorism research and analysis program tactical radio communication; threat reduction cooperation; transmission release code tactical record communications center tactical receive equipment Department of the Treasury transient radiation effects on electronics Tri-Wall Aerial Distribution System triple container Tri-Service Tactical Communications Program truck; trunk training training and readiness oversight troposphere; tropospheric scatter target reference point tactical reconnaissance squadron terminal service; top secret target system analysis; theater storage area; Transportation Security Administration; travel security advisory technical support branch; trunk signaling buffer transportation support battalion (USMC) theater security cooperation; theater support command; theater sustainment command (Army) JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 TSCIF TSCM TSCO TSCP TSCR TSE TSEC TSG TSGCE TSGCEE TSM TSN TSO TSOC TSP TSR TSS TSSP TSSR TST TSWA TT TT&C TTB TTD TTFACOR TTG TTL TTM TTP TTR TTT TTU TTY TUBA TUCHA TUCHAREP TUDET TV TVA JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms tactical sensitive compartmented information facility technical surveillance countermeasures target selection confusion of the operator; top secret control officer theater security cooperation plan time sensitive collection requirement tactical support element transmission security targeting support group; test signal generator tri-Service group on communications and electronics tri-Service group on communications and electronic equipment (NATO) trunk signaling message trackline single-unit non-return; track supervision net technical standard order; telecommunications service order theater special operations command telecommunications service priority telecommunications service request; theater source registry; theater support representative; trackline single-unit return tactical shelter system; target sensing system; timesharing system; time signal set; traffic service station tactical satellite signal processor tropospheric scatter (TROPO)-satellite support radio tactical support team; theater support team; time-sensitive target temporary secure working area terminal transfer telemetry, tracking, and commanding transportation terminal battalion tactical terrain data; technical task directive targets, threats, friendlies, artillery, clearance, ordnance, restrictions thermally tempered glass transistor-transistor logic threat training manual; training target material tactics, techniques, and procedures; trailer transfer point tactical training range time to target transportation terminal unit teletype transition unit box assembly type unit characteristics file type unit characteristics report type unit equipment detail file television Tennessee Valley Authority A-155 Appendix A TW/AA TWC TWCF TWCM TWD TWDS TWI TWPL TWX TX TYCOM As Amended Through 15 November 2011 tactical warning and attack assessment Office for Counterterrorism Analysis (DIA); total water current Transportation Working Capital Fund theater wartime construction manager transnational warfare counterdrug analysis tactical water distribution system Office for Information Warfare Support (DIA) teletypewriter private line teletypewriter exchange transmitter; transmit type commander U U UA UAOBS UAR UARCC UARM UART UAS UAV U/C UCFF UCMJ UCP UCT UDAC UDC UDESC UDL UDP UDT UE UFC UFO UFR UGA UGIRH UGM-84A UGM-96A UHF UHV UIC A-156 wind speed unmanned aircraft upper air observation unconventional assisted recovery unconventional assisted recovery coordination cell unconventional assisted recovery mechanism unconventional assisted recovery team unmanned aircraft system unmanned aerial vehicle unit cost; upconverter Unit Type Code Consumption Factors File Uniform Code of Military Justice Unified Command Plan underwater construction team unauthorized disclosure analysis center unit descriptor code unit description unit designation list unit deployment program underwater demolition team unit equipment Unified Facilities Criteria ultrahigh frequency follow-on unfunded requirement ungoverned area Urban Generic Information Requirements Handbook Harpoon Trident I ultrahigh frequency Upper Huallaga Valley unit identification code JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 UICIO UIRV UIS UJTL UK UK(I) ULC ULF ULLS ULN ULSD UMCC UMCM UMD UMIB UMMIPS UMO UMPR UMT UN UNAMIR UNC UNCLOS UNCTAD UND UNDAC UNDHA UN-DMT UNDP UNDPKO UNEF UNEP UNESCO UNHCHR UNHCR UNICEF UNIFIL UNIL UNITAF UNITAR UNITREP UNJLC UNLOC UNMIH JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms unit identification code information officer unique interswitch rekeying variable unit identification system Universal Joint Task List United Kingdom United Kingdom and Ireland unit level code ultra low frequency unit level logistics system unit line number ultra-low sulfur diesel unit movement control center underwater mine countermeasures unit manning document; unit movement data urgent marine information broadcast uniform material movement and issue priority system unit movement officer unit manpower personnel record unit ministry team United Nations United Nations Assistance Mission in Rwanda United Nations Command United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea United Nations Conference on Trade and Development urgency of need designator United Nations disaster assessment and coordination United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations disaster management team United Nations development programme United Nations Department for Peacekeeping Operations United Nations emergency force United Nations environment program United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees United Nations Children’s Fund United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon unclassified national information library unified task force United Nations Institute for Training and Research unit status and identity report United Nations Joint Logistic Centre United Nations logistic course United Nations Mission in Haiti A-157 Appendix A UNMILPOC UNMOC UNMOVCC UNO UNOCHA UNODC UNODIR UNOSOM UNPA UNPROFOR UNREP UNREP CONSOL UNRWA UNSC UNSCR UNSG UNSOC UNTAC UNTSO UNV UOF UP&TT URDB USA USAB USACCSA USACE USACFSC USACHPPM USACIDC USAF USAFE USAFEP USAFLANT USAFR USAFRICOM USAFSOC USAFSOF USAFSOS USAID A-158 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 United Nations military police course United Nations military observers course United Nations movement control course unit number United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime unless otherwise directed United Nations Operations in Somalia United Nations Participation Act United Nations protection force underway replenishment underway replenishment consolidation United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East United Nations Security Council United Nations Security Council resolution United Nations Secretary-General United Nations staff officers course United Nations Transition Authority in Cambodia United Nations Truce and Supervision Organization United Nations volunteer use of force unit personnel and tonnage table user requirements database United States Army United States Army barracks United States Army Command and Control Support Agency United States Army Corps of Engineers United States Army Community and Family Support Center United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine United States Army Criminal Investigation Command United States Air Force United States Air Forces in Europe United States Air Force, Europe pamphlet United States Air Force, Atlantic Command United States Air Force Reserve United States Africa Command United States Air Force, Special Operations Command United States Air Force, Special Operations Forces USAF Special Operations School United States Agency for International Development JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 USAITAC USAJFKSWC USAMC USAMMA USAMPS USAMRICD USAMRIID USAMRMC USANCA USAO USAR USARCENT USARDECOM USAREUR USARIEM USARJ USARNORTH USARPAC USARSO USASOC USB USBP USC USCENTAF USCENTCOM USCG USCGR USCIS USCS USCYBERCOM USDA USD(A&T) USDAO USD(AT&L) USD(C) USDELMC USD(I) USD(P) JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms United States Army Intelligence Threat Analysis Center United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center United States Army Materiel Command United States Army Medical Materiel Agency United States Army Military Police School US Army Medical Research Institute for Chemical Defense US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command United States Army Nuclear and Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Agency United States Attorney Office United States Army Reserve United States Army, Central Command United States Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command United States Army, European Command United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine United States Army, Japan US Army Forces North United States Army, Pacific Command United States Army, Southern Command United States Army Special Operations Command upper side band United States Border Patrol United States Code; universal service contract United States Central Command Air Forces United States Central Command United States Coast Guard United States Coast Guard Reserve United States Citizenship and Immigration Services United States Cryptologic System; United States Customs Service United States Cyber Command United States Department of Agriculture Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology United States defense attaché office Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) United States Delegation to the NATO Military Committee Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence Under Secretary of Defense for Policy A-159 Appendix A USD(P&R) USD(R&E) USELEMCMOC USELEMNORAD USERID USERRA USEUCOM USFF USFJ USFK USFORAZORES USFS USFWS USG USGS USIA USIC USIS USJFCOM USLANTFLT USLO USMARFORCENT USMARFORLANT USMARFORPAC USMARFORSOUTH USMC USMCEB USMCR USMER USMILGP USMILREP USMOG-W USMS USMTF USMTM USN USNAVCENT USNAVEUR USNAVSO USNCB USNMR A-160 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering United States Element Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center United States Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command user identification Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act United States European Command United States Fleet Forces Command United States Forces, Japan United States Forces, Korea United States Forces, Azores United States Forest Service United States Fish and Wildlife Service United States Government United States Geological Survey United States Information Agency United States interdiction coordinator United States Information Service United States Joint Forces Command United States Atlantic Fleet United States liaison officer United States Marine Component, Central Command United States Marine Component, Atlantic Command United States Marine Component, Pacific Command United States Marine Component, Southern Command United States Marine Corps United States Military Communications-Electronics Board United States Marine Corps Reserve United States merchant ship vessel locator reporting system United States military group United States military representative United States Military Observer Group - Washington United States Marshals Service United States message text format United States military training mission United States Navy United States Naval Forces, Central Command United States Naval Forces, Europe US Naval Forces Southern Command United States National Central Bureau (INTERPOL) United States National Military representative JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 USNMTG USNO USNORTHCOM USNR USNS USPACAF USPACFLT USPACOM USPFO(P&C) USPHS USPS USREPMC USSOCOM USSOUTHAF USSOUTHCOM USSS USSTRATCOM USTRANSCOM USUN USW USW/USWC USYG UT1 UTC UTM UTO UTR UUV UVEPROM UW UWOA UXO Abbreviations and Acronyms United States North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Military Terminology Group United States Naval Observatory United States Northern Command United States Navy Reserve United States Naval Ship United States Air Forces, Pacific Command United States Pacific Fleet United States Pacific Command United States Property and Fiscal Office (Purchasing and Contracting) United States Public Health Service United States Postal Service United States representative to the military committee (NATO) United States Special Operations Command United States Air Force, Southern Command United States Southern Command United States Secret Service (TREAS); United States Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) System United States Strategic Command United States Transportation Command United States Mission to the United Nations undersea warfare undersea warfare and/or undersea warfare commander Under Secretary General unit trainer; Universal Time Coordinated Universal Time; unit type code universal transverse mercator unit table of organization underwater tracking range unmanned underwater vehicle; unmanned underwater vessel ultraviolet erasable programmable read-only memory unconventional warfare unconventional warfare operating area unexploded explosive ordnance; unexploded ordnance V V v VA V&A VAAP VAC JP 1-02 search and rescue unit ground speed; sector pattern; volt velocity of target drift Veterans Administration; victim advocate; vulnerability assessment valuation and availability vulnerability assessment and assistance program volts, alternating current A-161 Appendix A VARVAL VAT B VBIED VBS VBSS VCC VCG VCJCS VCNOG VCO VCOPG VCR VCXO VDC VDJS VDL VDR VDS VDSD VDU VDUC VE VEE VEH VEO VERTREP VF VFR VFS VFTG VHF VI VICE VID VINSON VIP VIRS VIS VISA VISOBS VIXS VLA A-162 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 vessel arrival data, list of vessels available to marine safety offices and captains of the port (weather) visibility (in miles), amount (of clouds, in eighths), (height of cloud) top (in thousands of feet), (height of cloud) base (in thousands of feet) vehicle-borne improvised explosive device visit, board, search visit, board, search, and seizure voice communications circuit virtual coordination group Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Vice Chairman, Nuclear Operations Group voltage controlled oscillator Vice Chairman, Operations Planners Group violent crime report voltage controlled crystal oscillator; voltage controlled oscillator volts, direct current Vice Director, Joint Staff video downlink voice digitization rate video subsystem visual distress signaling device visual display unit visual display unit controller vertical error Venezuelan equine encephalitis vehicle; vehicular cargo violent extremist organization vertical replenishment voice frequency visual flight rules validating flight surgeon voice frequency telegraph very high frequency visual information advice visual identification information display encrypted ultrahigh frequency communications system very important person; visual information processor verbally initiated release system visual imaging system Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement visual observer video information exchange system vertical line array; visual landing aid JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 VLF VLR VLZ VMap VMAQ VMC VMF VMGR VMI VNTK VO VOCODER VOCU VOD VOL vol VOLS VOR VORTAC VOX VP VPB VPD VPV VS VS&PT VSAT VSG VSII VSP VSR V/STOL VSW VTA VTC VTOL VTOL-UAV VTS VTT VU VV&A VV&C VX JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms very low frequency very-long-range aircraft vertical landing zone vector map Marine tactical electronic warfare squadron visual meteorological conditions variable message format Marine aerial refueler and transport squadron vendor managed inventory target vulnerability indicator designating degree of hardness; susceptibility of blast; and K-factor validation office voice encoder voice orderwire control unit vertical onboard delivery volunteer volume vertical optical landing system very high frequency omnidirectional range station very high frequency omnidirectional range station and/or tactical air navigation voice actuation (keying) video processor version planning board version planning document virtual prime vendor sector single-unit vehicle summary and priority table very small aperture terminal virtual support group very seriously ill or injured voice selection panel sector single-unit radar vertical and/or short takeoff and landing aircraft very shallow water voluntary tanker agreement video teleconferencing vertical takeoff and landing vertical takeoff and landing unmanned aerial vehicle vessel traffic service video teletraining volume unit verification, validation, and accreditation verification, validation, and certification nerve agent (O-Ethyl S-Diisopropylaminomethyl Methylphosphonothiolate) A-163 Appendix A As Amended Through 15 November 2011 W W w WAAR WACBE WADS WAGB WAI WAN WANGO WARM WARNORD WARP WAS WASP WATCHCON WB WBGTI WBIED WC WCA WCCS WCDO WCO WCS W-day WDCO WDT WEAX WES WETM WEU WEZ WFE WFP WG WGS WGS-84 WH WHEC WHNRS WHNS A-164 sweep width search subarea width Wartime Aircraft Activity Report World Area Code Basic Encyclopedia Western Air Defense Sector icebreaker (USCG) weather area of interest wide-area network World Association of Non-Governmental Organizations wartime reserve mode warning order web-based access and retrieval portal wide area surveillance war air service program watch condition wideband wet bulb globe temperature index waterborne improvised explosive device wind current water clearance authority Wing Command and Control System War Consumables Distribution Objective World Customs Organization weapons control status declared by the President, W-day is associated with an adversary decision to prepare for war well deck control officer warning and display terminal weather facsimile weapon engagement status weather team Western European Union weapon engagement zone warfighting environment World Food Programme (UN) working group Wideband Global Satellite Communications (SATCOM); World Geodetic System World Geodetic System 1984 wounded due to hostilities high-endurance cutter (USCG) wartime host-nation religious support wartime host-nation support JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 WHNSIMS WHO WIA WISDIM WISP WIT WLG WMD WMD CM WMD-CST WMEC WMO WMP WOC WOD WORM WOT WP WPA WPAL WPARR WPB WPC WPM WPN WPR WPS WR WRA WRAIR WRC WRL WRM WRMS WRR WRS WRSA WRSK WSE WSES WSESRB WSM WSR WT JP 1-02 Abbreviations and Acronyms Wartime Host Nation Support Information Management System World Health Organization (UN) wounded in action Warfighting and Intelligence Systems Dictionary for Information Management Wartime Information Security Program weapons intelligence team Washington Liaison Group weapons of mass destruction weapons of mass destruction consequence management weapons of mass destruction-civil support team Coast Guard medium-endurance cutter World Meteorological Organization Air Force War and Mobilization Plan; War and Mobilization Plan wing operations center (USAF) wind-over deck; word-of-day write once read many war on terrorism white phosphorous; Working Party (NATO) water jet propulsion assembly wartime personnel allowance list War Plans Additive Requirements Roster Coast Guard patrol boat Washington Planning Center words per minute weapon War Powers Resolution Worldwide Port System war reserve; weapon radius Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement (DOS) Walter Reed Army Institute of Research World Radiocommunication Conference weapons release line war reserve materiel war reserve materiel stock weapons response range (as well as wpns release rg) war reserve stock war reserve stocks for allies war readiness spares kit; war reserve spares kit weapon support equipment surface effect ship (USCG) Weapon System Explosive Safety Review Board waterspace management weapon system reliability warping tug; weight A-165 Appendix A WTCA WTCT WTI WTLO Wu WVRD WWABNCP WWII WWSVCS WWX WX As Amended Through 15 November 2011 water terminal clearance authority weapons of mass destruction technical collection team weapons technical intelligence water terminal logistic office uncorrected sweep width World Vision Relief and Development, Inc. worldwide airborne command post World War II Worldwide Secure Voice Conferencing System worldwide express weather X X XCVR XMPP XO XSB initial position error transceiver presence protocol executive officer barrier single unit Y Y YR search and rescue unit (SRU) error year Z Z z ZF Zt ZULU A-166 zulu effort zone of fire total available effort time zone indicator for Universal Time JP 1-02 As Amended Through 15 November 2011 APPENDIX B ADMINISTRATIVE INSTRUCTIONS 1. User Comments Users are highly encouraged to submit comments on this publication to the Directorate for Joint Force Development, J-7, Joint Doctrine and Education Division, Joint Doctrine Branch, ATTN: Chairman, US NATO Military Terminology Group, 7000 Joint Staff, Pentagon, Washington, DC 20318-7000; Tel (703) 692-7276, DSN 222-7276; Fax (703) 692-5224, DSN 222-5224. All comments recommending modifications, deletions, or additions to terminology in JP 1-02 must be made in accordance with DODI 5025.12, Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology, and CJCSI 5705.01, Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology. 2. Authorship The lead agent and the Joint Staff doctrine sponsor for this publication is the Director for Joint Force Development (J-7). 3. Supersession a. This publication supersedes JP 1-02, Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, 12 April 2001. The terms and definitions in JP 1-02 will be updated on a monthly basis with modifications, deletions, or additions that have been approved in accordance with DODI 5025.12, and CJCSI 5705.01. b. Record of Updates: 31 December 2010: JP 3-02.1, JP 3-07.2, and DODD 3025.18 added. 31 January 2011: JP 3-68, JP 4-03, and SecDef Memo 12401-10 added. 15 April 2011: JP 2-01.2 added. 15 May 2011: JP 3-05 added. 15 July 2011: JP 3-08, JP 3-15, and JP 3-34 added. 15 August 2011: JP 3-0 and JP 5-0 added. 15 September 2011: JP 1-04 added. 15 October 2011: JP 3-03, JP 3-07, and JP 4-06 added. 15 November 2011: JP 1-0 added. B-1 Appendix B 4. As Amended Through 15 November 2011 Distribution Joint Staff J-7 does not print copies of JP 1-02 for distribution. Electronic versions are available on JDEIS at https://jdeis.js.mil (NIPRNET) and https://jdeis.js.smil.mil (SIPRNET) and on the JEL at http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine (NIPRNET). B-2 JP 1-02