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Inflammation and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in the Pathobiology of Atherogenesis and Neointimal Hyperplasia Following Coronary Intervention

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Biochemistry of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Obesity

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 20))

Abstract

The global incidence of coronary heart diseases (CHDs) has been increasing at an alarmin rate that demands an increasing attention to develop more effective therapeutic interventions and preventive strategies. The basic and applied research have significantly advanced the understanding on the molecular pathology of CHDs and opened multiple translational avenues in the management. Despite the significant enhancement of knowledge in the underlying pathophysiology, atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of global death and disability which is mainly attributed to alterations in LDL phenotype, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia. Also, the integration of multidisciplinary elements of medical sciences, immunobiology, nutritional science, intervention biology, molecular signaling, vascular cell biology, animal models and translational medicine are warranted in designing improved management strategies. The critical discussion in this article insights into the underlying mechanisms associated with the degenerative changes and inflammatory events leading to atheroma and subsequent CHDs. In addition, the current understanding on the influence of high calorie diets is highlighted in relation to the molecular pathology of CHDs. Also, the prospectus and novel opportunities are discussed regarding next generation management strategies to address the pathological challenges associated with CHDs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the research funds of Western University of Health Sciences to FGT, and research Grants R01 HL144125 and R01HL147662 to DKA from the National Institutes of Health, USA. The contents of this chapter are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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  1. Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA

    Finosh G. Thankam, Mohamed M. Radwan & Devendra K. Agrawal

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    Paramjit S. Tappia

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    Sukhwinder K. Bhullar

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

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All authors have read the Springer’s policy on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Author C (DKA) has received grants from the National Institutes of Health. Author A (FGT) received start-up funds from Western University of Health Sciences. Author B (MMR) has no relevant affiliations or financial or non-financial involvement with any organization or entity with financial or non-financial interest or conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. Author A (FGT), Author B (MMR), and Author C (DKA) declare that they have no conflict of interest. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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Thankam, F.G., Radwan, M.M., Agrawal, D.K. (2020). Inflammation and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in the Pathobiology of Atherogenesis and Neointimal Hyperplasia Following Coronary Intervention. In: Tappia, P.S., Bhullar, S.K., Dhalla, N.S. (eds) Biochemistry of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Obesity. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47336-5_13

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