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Comparison of phenotypic and genotypic frequency of phosphine resistance in select field populations of Tribolium castaneum from India

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Abstract

Background

Tribolium castaneum causes substantial damage to stored grains, leading to economic losses. The present study evaluates phosphine resistance in adult and larval stages of T. castaneum from north and northeast India, where continuous and long-term phosphine use in large-scale storage conditions intensifies resistance, posing risks to grain quality, safety, and industry profitability.

Methods and results

This study utilized T. castaneum bioassays and CAPS markers restriction digestion methodology to assess resistance. The phenotypic results indicated a lower LC50 value in larvae compared to adults, while the resistance ratio remained consistent across both stages. Similarly, the genotypic analysis revealed comparable resistance levels regardless of the developmental stage. We categorized the freshly collected populations based on resistance ratios, with Shillong showing weak resistance, Delhi and Sonipat displaying moderate resistance, and Karnal, Hapur, Moga, and Patiala exhibiting strong resistance to phosphine. Further validation by accessing findings and exploring the relationship between phenotypic and genotypic variations using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This comprehensive study enhances our understanding of T. castaneum resistance levels, providing valuable insights for the development of targeted pest management strategies.

Conclusion

This study provides insights into the current phenotypic and genotypic resistance levels of T. castaneum in North and North East India. Understanding this is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies and future research on biological and physiological aspects of phosphine resistance in insects, enabling the formulation of effective management practices. Addressing phosphine resistance is vital for sustainable pest management and the long-term viability of the agricultural and food industries.

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Data availability

All the data related to the manuscript have been provided in the manuscript.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the funding support from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India in the form of DST- INSPIRE Fellowship to the first author (DMG). The authors are grateful to the Division of Entomology ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for providing all the facilities to carry out the experiments. Also, we acknowledge the support from the NAHEP- CAAST project of ICAR- IARI and DBT- AIBF, Government of India for providing funding support to the corresponding author for this research work.

Funding

This study was supported by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India; ICAR- IARI NAHEP- CAAST; DST-INSPIRE fellowship, Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Entomology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    M. G. Deeksha, Suresh M. Nebapure, Vinay Kumari Kalia, Doddachowdappa Sagar & Sabtharishi Subramanian

  2. National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Ramcharan Bhattacharya

  3. Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Anil Dahuja

Authors
  1. M. G. Deeksha
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  2. Suresh M. Nebapure
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  3. Vinay Kumari Kalia
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  4. Doddachowdappa Sagar
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  5. Ramcharan Bhattacharya
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  7. Sabtharishi Subramanian
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Contributions

DMG conducted Lab experiments, data collection analysis and draft preparation. SMN, VKK, SD, RB and AD carried out editing and review of manuscript. SS involved in conceptualization, designing methodology, funding acquisition, project management, supervision writing original draft, reviewing and editing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sabtharishi Subramanian.

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Not applicable, as no approval of research ethics committees was required to accomplish the goals of this study because experimental work was conducted with an unregulated invertebrate species.

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Deeksha, M.G., Nebapure, S.M., Kalia, V.K. et al. Comparison of phenotypic and genotypic frequency of phosphine resistance in select field populations of Tribolium castaneum from India. Mol Biol Rep 50, 6569–6578 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08605-z

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