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Ru-doped nano grain hydrophilic copper hydroxide electrodes for supercapacitor application

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Abstract

Metal self-anodization for the generation of hydroxides represents a versatile innovation. In the preparation of Ru-doped copper hydroxide thin films, copper plates were subjected to self-anodization in a 1 M ethanolic NaOH bath, maintaining a constant deposition potential of 0.8 V. The resulting thin films of Cu(OH)2 were then used directly for the doping of Ru, employing a cathodization technique. This cathodization process was conducted separately using RuCl3 electrolytes prepared in methanol, ethanol, and propanol. Furthermore, to assess the impact of different doping deposition potentials ranging from 0.7 to 0.9 V on the structural and electrochemical properties of the Ru-doped Cu(OH)2 material, optimized electrodes were prepared. The phase and crystal structure of the deposited material were confirmed through XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscope images revealed a spongy, granular, and rough surface, a characteristic further confirmed by atomic force microscopy analysis. Transmission electron microscope images displayed the formation of nano granules. To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the samples, cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) tests, and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted in a 1 M NaOH solution. Notably, the optimized sample exhibited a maximum specific capacitance (SC) of 4133.3 F/g, with a measured diffusion coefficient of 2.21 × 10−16 cm2/s.

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Funding

Authors are grateful to thank Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, for their monetary endorsement of the venture Policy 2010/34/46/BRNS/2228 and Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi for providing financial supports through the project scheme DST-SERB sanction no.SB/EMEQ-331/2013.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lab of Electrochemical Studies, P. A. H. Solapur University, Solapur, Maharashtra, India

    T. S. Ghadage, S. V. Kambale & B. J. Lokhande

  2. Department of Physics, Jagadamba Mahavidyalaya (Affiliated to SGBAU Amravati), Achalpur City, M.S., 444806, India

    B. Y. Fugare

  3. Department of Physics, KMC College (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), Khopoli, M.S., 410203, India

    R. C. Ambare

Authors
  1. T. S. Ghadage
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  2. S. V. Kambale
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  3. B. Y. Fugare
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  4. R. C. Ambare
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  5. B. J. Lokhande
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Contributions

TSG: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing—review & editing. SVK: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. BYF: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. RCA: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, BJL: Funding acquisition, Investigation, Supervision, Writing—original draft, review & editing.

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Correspondence to R. C. Ambare or B. J. Lokhande.

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Ghadage, T.S., Kambale, S.V., Fugare, B.Y. et al. Ru-doped nano grain hydrophilic copper hydroxide electrodes for supercapacitor application. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2309 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11708-9

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