C.I. Pigment Brown 24 CAS NÂ°: 68186-90-3

OECD SIDS C.I. PIGMENT BROWN 24 

FOREWORD 

INTRODUCITION 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 

CAS N°: 68186-90-3 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS 1


SIDS Initial Assessment Report 

For 

SIAM 15 

Boston, Massachussetts, 22-25 October 2002 

1. Chemical Name: C.I. Pigment Brown 24 

2. CAS Number: 68186-90-3 

3. Sponsor Country: Japan 

Mr. Motohiko Kato, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan 

4. Shared Partnership with: BASF AG 

5. Roles/Responsibilities of 

the Partners: 

 

 

Name of industry sponsor 

/consortium 

Process used 

6. Sponsorship History 

 

How was the chemical or 

category brought into the 

OECD HPV Chemicals 

Programme ? 

7. Review Process Prior to 

the SIAM: 

8. Quality check process: 

9. Date of Submission: 

10. Date of last Update: 

11. Comments: 

Dr. Hubert, Lendle BASF AG 

E-mail : hubert.lendle@basf-ag.de 

This substance is sponsored by Japan under the ICCA Initiative 

and is submitted for first discussion at SIAM 15. 

The industry collected new data and prepared the updated 

IUCLID, and draft versions of the SIAR and SIAP. Japanese 

government peer-reviewed the documents, audited selected 

studies. 

No testing (X) 

Testing ( ) 

2 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


SIDS INITIAL ASSESSMENT PROFILE 

CAS No. 68186-90-3 

Chemical Name C.I. Pigment Brown 24 

Structural Formula 

Complex inorganic coloured pigment based on titanium oxide; in the 

rutile lattice, titanium ions are partially replaced by chromium (III) and 

antimony (V) ions. 

(Ti, Cr, Sb) O 2 

SUMMARY CONCLUSIONS OF THE SIAR 

Category/Analogue Rationale 

In some circumstances, available data for C.I. Pigment Yellow 53 (CAS No. 8007-18-9, a nickel antimony doped 

rutile) may be presented to assist the weight of evidence approach for C.I. Pigment Brown 24, since it is closely 

related structurally and similar regarding its non-bioavailabilty. Its toxicological profile was also essentially similar 

to C.I. Pigment Yellow 53, therefore, analogy considerations can be made where the non-bioavailability is the 

determining parameter of non-toxicity. This was the case for reproductive and developmental toxicity. 

Human Health 

The acute toxicity of C.I. Pigment Brown 24 after oral exposure is negligible: oral LD50 in rats > 10000 mg/kg body 

weight. 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 is minimally irritating to the rabbit skin and may cause slight particle mediated irritating 

effects after instillation into the rabbit eye. Coloration of the skin occurred within the first 3 days after application. 

No data are available on sensitisation; the substance contains chromium, but no evidence for its bioavailablity was 

seen in a repeat oral study in the rat (see below). 

No signs of clinical toxicity or histopathological changes were seen in a 90-day dietary study in the rat. A NOAEL 

of 500 mg/kg was identified from this study. In this study there was no evidence for chromium accumulation in the 

liver or kidney of rats, and traces of antimony (below 30 µg/kg tissue) were found only in the high dose group. 

These traces of antimony may be available from the acid-soluble impurities of the pigment. The small amount of 

antimony is considered to have no toxicological significance. 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 induced no gene mutation in bacteria nor in mammalian cells and no clastogenic or 

aneugenic effects in mammalian cells with or without addition of a metabolic activation system. Therefore, the in 

vitro data indicates that C.I Pigment Brown 24 would not exhibit a genotoxic potential in vivo. 

There are no specific studies on carcinogenicity available. 

No effects on gonads were observed in the 90 day feeding study on rats at doses of up to 500 mg/kg b.w./day (see 

above). A developmental toxicity study is not considered necessary because the substance showed no bioavailability 

with toxicological relevance after oral exposure (see above). In analogy to C.I. Pigment Yellow 53 where no 

reproductive or developmental effects were seen in a screening test conducted in rats tested up to 1000 mg/kg bw 

according to OECD Guideline 422, no effects are expected with C.I. Pigment Brown 24. 

Environment 

C.I. Pigment brown 24 is a solid, complex inorganic coloured pigment, based on titanium dioxide with chromium 

(III) and antimony (V) ions partially replacing titanium ions in the rutile lattice. It is practically inert and has a 

melting point above 1000°C. The vapour pressure is estimated to be negligible. C.I. Pigment brown 24 has an 

extremely low solubility in water; the concentration of chromium and antimony in filtrates (10 g/l) has been 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS 3


measured by atomic absorption to be 10,000 mg/l; Daphnia magna: EC 50 (48 h) > 100 mg/l; Desmodesmus subspicatus: 

EC 50 (72 h)> 100 mg/l; Pseudomonas putida: EC 50 (30 min) > 10,000 mg/l. 

The substance is not acutely toxic to aquatic organisms (fish, invertebrates and algae) in tests with either aqueous 

eluates or suspensions prepared with nominal concentrations far exceeding its water solubility. 

No data are available on terrestrial organisms. 

The substance is inorganic and thus not biologically degradable. According to the low water solubility and the 

structural properties of the pigment, bioaccumulation is not expected. 

Exposure 

Pigment brown is used for coloring plastics, ceramics, building materials and coatings. The estimated world 

production amounts to 10,000 – 15,000 tonnes. 

No data are available concerning exposure. Pigments released from production sites and not having been eliminated 

mechanically, will probably absorb to sewage sludge. In the end products, the pigments are fixed in the matrix and a 

release into the environment during use phase is not expected. 

RECOMMENDATION 

The chemical is currently of low priority for further work. 

RATIONALE FOR THE RECOMMENDATION AND 

NATURE OF FURTHER WORK RECOMMENDED 

The chemical is currently of low priority for further work based on a low hazard potential. 

4 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


SIDS Initial Assessment Report 

1 IDENTITY 

1.1 Identification of the Substance 

CAS Number: 68186-90-3 

Chemical Name: C.I. Pigment Brown 24 

Empirical Formula: (Ti, Cr, Sb) O 2 

Structure 

Complex inorganic coloured pigment based on titanium dioxide; in the 

rutile lattice titanium ions are partially replaced by 2 to 6 % chromium 

(III) and 8.5 to 14 % antimony (V) ions 

According to the intended use, medium particle size varies between 0.5 

and 1.5 m. 

Synonyms: 

Chrome Antimony Titanate 

Chrome antimony titaniumoxide rutil 

Chrome rutile yellow 

C. I. 77310 

Titanium, Antimony, Chromium III oxide rutile 

1.2 Purity/Impurities/Additives 

Substance type: inorganic 

Physical status: solid 

Purity: > 99% w/w (acid-soluble impurities amount to 10 –20 mg/kg antimony and 10-20 mg/kg 

chromium(III). These impurities are not fixed in the lattice and are extractable with HCl. After 2 

extractions with HCl, the acid soluble impurities are reduced to amounts below the detection limit 

(


artists”). The SPIN database lists for the year 2001 for Norway 111 products (754 tons), for 

Denmark 128 products (372 tons), for Finland 5 products (0 tons). For Sweden 191 products are 

given for the year 2000 (354 tons). The preparations listed for Norway and Sweden include 

products for consumer use, In Denmark and Finland, none of the products is for consumer use. 

2.1 Environmental Exposure and Fate 

Environmental Exposure 

Doped rutile pigments are manufactured by reacting finely divided metal oxides, hydroxides or 

carbonates in the solid state at a temperature of 1000 to 1,200 °C. The production is based on 

reactive anatase, or titanium dioxide hydrolysate containing sulfuric acid, and on the oxidation of 

trivalent antimony with oxygen in the form of nitric acid or air. For the production of C.I. Pigment 

Brown 24 trivalent chromium raw materials are used. 

Raw-material dust, and gases (e.g. SO3 and NOx), emitted during the calcination step are removed 

from the flue gas by dust separators and alkaline flue scrubbers. The raw-material dust can be 

recycled. Soluble metal salts can be removed by neutral precipitation in the waste-water treatment 

plant, and suspended pigment particles can be mechanically separated from the water from washing 

and purification steps. Altogether, only a small amount of waste is produced with each tonne of 

product (Endriß H., 1998). 

In the end products, the pigments are fixed in the matrix and a release into the environment during 

the use phase is not expected (coatings) or impossible (colored plastics and ceramics). Pigments 

released from production sites and not having been eliminated mechanically will probably absorb to 

sewage sludge. 

Environmental Fate 

Distribution modelling is not applicable since several physical parameters are not available. 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 is an inorganic substance, biodegradation therefore is not assumed. 

No data on bioaccumulation are available. However, regarding the extremely low water solubility, 

experiences from rodent investigations and the structure-related inert properties of the rutil, 

bioavailability and therefore bioconcentration is not expected. 

(See also data on bioavailability in mammals after oral exposure [section 3.2.5 and 3.2.9]) 

2.2 Human Exposure 

No data are available concerning exposure with the practically inert pigment. 

3 HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS 

3.1 Hazard Assessment Experience with Human Exposure 

3.1.1 Experience with human exposure 

No data available. 

6 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


3.2 Effects on Human Health 

In analogy to C.I. Pigment Yellow 53 (a nickel antimony titanium dioxide rutile with similar low 

bioavailability as C.I. Pigment Brown 24), which resulted in no reproductive or developmental 

effects in a screening test according to OECD guideline 422, no effects are expected with C.I. 

Pigment Brown 24, a chrome antimony titanium dioxide rutile. 

3.2.1 Toxicokinetics, Metabolism and Distribution 

Concentration of chromium and antimony were analysed in liver and kidney of rats after oral 

exposure to C.I. Pigment Brown 24 in a 90-days feeding study at doses of 0, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 

mg/kg diet, respectively (corresponding to 0, 0.5, 5, 50, 500 mg/kg b.w./day) (Bomhard E. et al., 

1982) (see section 3.2.5): The chemical analysis included the determination of chromium and 

antimony in liver and kidney of 5 rats per gender per dose group after 1, 2 and 3 months of 

exposure. The detection limit for antimony was 5 µg/kg tissue and for chromium 2 µg/kg. 

In male and female rats the antimony concentrations in liver and kidney were below the detection 

limit at doses up to 1,000 ppm (50 mg /kg b.w./day). In the high dose groups the antimony levels 

slightly increased with exposure duration and reached max. 27 µg/kg in the liver of males (range 

15-40 µg/kg) and 17 µg/kg in females (kidney 14 µg/kg in males and 15 µg/kg in females). These 

traces most likely originate from the content of acid-soluble components (10 –20 mg antimony /kg 

pigment, that is 5 – 10 µg/kg b.w. or 125 - 250 µg/kg organ weight at the highest dose) and 

therefore do not indicate bioavailability of the pigment itself. Anyhow, the traces are considered to 

have no toxicological significance. No measurable effect on chromium content of liver and kidney 

at any dose level and exposure duration was detected in male and female rats. 

Conclusion 

In a 90 day feeding study on rats (up to 500 mg C.I. Pigment Brown 24 /kg b.w./day) no 

bioavailability was demonstrated. However, traces of antimony may be available from the acidsoluble 

impurities of the pigment. 

3.2.2 Acute Toxicity 

The acute oral toxicity of C.I. Pigment Brown 24 was investigated in male and female Sprague 

Dawley rats with an LD 50 greater than 10,0000 mg/kg body weight (BASF AG, 1978). The test 

followed in principle the procedure described in OECD guideline 401 and is valid with restrictions 

to judge the acute oral toxicity (validity 2). Ten rats per gender received a single oral administration 

of the test substance No deaths occurred after administration and during the 14 days post 

observation period. No substance related effects were found on body weight development and no 

adverse effects were reported after necropsy. 

Conclusion 

There was no acute toxicity at oral doses of 10000 mg/kg body weight . 

3.2.3 Irritation 

Skin Irritation 

Following the experimental design according to Federal Register 38, No. 187, § 1500.41, S. 27019, 

27. Sept. 1973, the application of 50% C.I. Pigment Brown 24 in water to the intact skin of 6 rabbits 

resulted in slight irritation after 24 h (slight edema in 3/6 animals) and similar effects were seen on 

abraded skin (slight edema in 4/6 animals); no edema was observed after 72 h and 8 d, respectively. 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS 7


The evaluation of erythema could not be performed due to treatment related colouring of the skin 

(overall primary skin irritation value 0.58) (BASF AG, 1978). This staining of the skin by the test 

substance appears to be superficial, however, as another study has shown that it could be removed 

by washing with soap (Bayer AG, 1997). The results of the study are acceptable based on the 

experimental protocol applied (validity 2). 

Conclusion 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 is considered minimally irritating to the rabbit skin due to both the slight 

degree and the reversibility of the effects after 8 days as well as the six times longer exposure 

period to the test material under occlusive conditions in the protocol of Draize. 

Eye Irritation 

Following the experimental design according to Federal Register 38, No. 187, § 1500.42, S. 27019, 

27. Sept. 1973, no effects on cornea and iris were observed 24, 48 and 72 h after instillation of the 

test substance (BASF AG, 1978). Concerning effects on conjunctivae slight irritation (slight 

reddening and secretion) was observed after 24 h, these effects were reversible (after 72 h no 

secretion and only slight reddening in 3 out of 6 rabbits; overall primary irritation value 2,22). The 

result indicates a mechanically mediated slight irritation of the mucous membrane due to the 

instillation of test substance particles into the eyes. No substance related staining of the eye was 

observed. The results of the study are acceptable based on the experimental protocol applied 

(validity 2). 

Conclusion: 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 may be slightly irritating to the eye. 

3.2.4 Sensitisation 

No data available. The substance contains chromium, but this was proven to be not bioavailable. 

3.2.5 Repeated Dose Toxicity 

In a feeding study (Bomhard E. et al., 1982) which followed essentially OECD guideline 408 rats 

received 0, 10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg C.I. Pigment Brown 24 per kg diet (corresponding to 0, 0.5, 5, 

50, 500 mg/kg b.w./day) for 90 days. 15 animals per dose per gender were used for toxicological 

investigations (30 animals per gender in the control group) and additionally 10 animals per dose and 

gender for analytical investigations (control 20 animals per gender). Rats were observed daily; food 

consumption and body weight gain were determined once per week. Haematology, urinalysis and 

clinical and biochemical investigations were conducted after one month and at the end of the study 

(no post exposure observation period). Organ weights were determined at necropsy (thyroid gland, 

thymus, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, and gonads). Complete histopathological 

investigations (above mentioned organs studied plus aorta, eyes, intestine, femur, brain, urinary 

bladder, pituitary, cervical lymph nodes, stomach, oesophagus, epididymides, pancreas, prostate, 

seminal vesicle, bone marrow of sternum, trachea, uterus, and skeletal muscles) were performed on 

5 rats per gender of control and the high dose group. 

No deaths, no overt signs of reactions to the treatment, no effects on body weight gain (similar food 

consumption in all groups) or organ weights, no treatment related findings from haematological or 

biochemical investigations and urinalysis were detected. No macroscopic pathological changes 

attributable to treatment and no treatment related effects in histopathology were observed. Since no 

substance related effects were observed up to the highest dose tested the NOEL and NO(A)EL of 

8 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


this study is definded to be 500 mg/kg body weight. The study followed good scientific principles 

as to experimental design and reporting and is therefore considered valid (validity 2). 

Conclusion 

In a 90 day feeding study on rats doses up to 500 mg/kg bw/day resulted in no adverse effects in 

clinical observations, haematology, urine analysis, clinical chemistry and macro- and microscopical 

pathology. 

NOAEL = 500 mg/kg b.w./day (highest dose tested) 

3.2.6 Mutagenicity 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 has no mutagenic activity in in vitro studies according to current guideline 

standards. A suspension of the insoluble test substance induced no gene mutation in bacterial 

reverse mutation assay (comparable to OECD guideline 471 & 472; max. concentration 5 mg/plate; 

no cytotoxicity) on Salmonella typhimurium (Corning Hazelton, 1995) strain TA98, TA100, 

TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, and on E. coli WP2uvrA (Corning Hazelton, 1996) and in the mouse 

lymphoma assay (comparable to the OECD guideline 476, max. concentration 100 µg/ml, no 

cytotoxicity) (Corning Hazelton, 1996), each with and without metabolic activation. Furthermore, 

no aneugenic or clastogenic activity was observed in the micronucleus test on V79 Chinese hamster 

lung cells with and without metabolic activation (according to the proposed new OECD guideline 

for the in vitro micronucleus test; max. concentration 25 µg/ml; no cytotoxicity) (BASF AG, 2001). 

Conclusion 

All in vitro studies performed followed current guidelines and are thus acceptable and valid as 

regards both experimental design and reliabiltiy of the results derived thereof. C.I. Pigment Brown 

24 induced, with or without addition of a metabolic activation system, no gene mutation in bacteria 

or mammalian cells and no clastogenic or aneugenic effects in mammalian cells. There are no invitro 

data to indicate that C.I. Pigment Brown 24 would exhibit a genotoxic potential in vivo. No 

data are available on the genotoxicity of C.I. Pigment Brown 24 in vivo. 

3.2.7 Carcinogenicity 

No data available. 

3.2.8 Toxicity for Reproduction 

No effects on organ weights and macro- and micro-histopathology of gonads (testes, epididymides, 

prostate, seminal vesicle, ovary and uterus) were observed in the 90 day feeding study on rats at 

doses up to 500 mg/kg bw/day (see section 3.2.5). 

3.2.9 Developmental Toxicity 

A developmental toxicity study is not considered necessary because the substance showed no 

bioavailability with toxicological relevance after oral exposure (see section 3.2.5). In analogy to C.I. 

Pigment Yellow 53 (a nickel antimony titanium dioxide rutile with similar data on bioavailability to 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 (Endriß H., 1998) which resulted in no reproductive or developmental 


Pigment Brown 24, a chrome antimony titanium dioxide rutile. 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS 9


3.3 Initial Assessment for Human Health 

There is no acute toxicity of C.I. Pigment Brown 24 after oral exposure, based on the following 

data: No death of male and female rats up to 10,000 mg/kg body weight with no toxic signs. 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 is not irritating to the rabbit skin and slightly irritating to the rabbit eye. No 

data are available on sensitisation; the data on bioavailability of the chromium (sensitising 

component of the pigment) indicated no sensitising potential. 

In a 90 day feeding study on rats doses up to 500 mg/kg bw/day resulted in no adverse effects in 

clinical observations, haematology, urine analysis, clinical chemistry and macro- and microscopical 

pathology [NOAEL = 500 mg/kg bw/day (highest dose tested)] . In this study, no increase in 

chromium concentration was detected in liver and kidney of rats and only traces of antimony 

(below 30 µg/kg tissue) were found, but only in the high dose group. These traces indicate very low 

bioavailability of the antimony contained in the pigment. Hence, antimony is considered to have no 

toxicological significance. 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 induced, with or without addition of a metabolic activation system, no gene 

mutation either in bacteria or in mammalian cells and no clastogenic or aneugenic effects in 

mammalian cells. 

There are no specific studies on carcinogenicity or toxicity to reproduction available. 

No effects on gonads were observed in the 90 day feeding study on rats at doses up to 500 mg/kg 

bw/day (see above). A developmental toxicity study is not considered necessary because the 

substance showed no bioavailability with toxicological relevance after oral exposure (see above). In 

analogy to C.I. Pigment Yellow 53 (a nickel antimony titanium dioxide rutile with similar data on 

bioavailability to C.I. Pigment Brown 24), which resulted in no reproductive or developmental 


Pigment Brown 24, a chromium antimony titanium dioxide rutile. 

4 HAZARDS TO THE ENVIRONMENT 

The following acute toxicity tests with aquatic organisms are available: 

Leuciscus idus: LC 50 (96 h) > 10000 mg/l; NOEC (96 h) = 10000 mg/l (BASF AG, 2000b) 

Daphnia magna: EC 50 (48 h) > 100 mg/l; EC 0 (48 h) 100 mg/l (BASF AG, 2000c) 

Scenedesmus subspicatus: ErC 50 (72 h) > 100 mg/l; ErC 10 (72 h) > 100 mg/l; 

10 

NOEC (72 h) 100 mg/l (BASF AG, Project No. 99/0484/60/1, 2000c) 

Pseudomonas putida: EC 50 (30 min) > 10000 mg/l; EC 10 (30 min) > 10000 mg/l (BASF AG, 1997) 

All values were related to nominal concentrations of suspensions (tests on fish and bacteria) or 

aqueous extracts (test on daphnids and algae), no analytical monitoring was performed. In previous 

analytical studies on aqueous extracts of a suspension of this insoluble pigment it has been shown, 

that the expected concentration of the substance in the extract is below the detection limit of the 

analytical method (concentration of total amount of chromium, antimony and titany in a filtrate 

from a 100 mg/l stock solution has been



The cited studies are carried out according to nationally and/or internationally accepted guidelines 

and are considered as valid. 

4.1 Initial Assessment for the Environment 

C.I. Pigment brown 24 is a solid, complex inorganic coloured pigment, based on titanium dioxide 

with chromium (III) and antimony (V) ions partially replacing titanium ions in the rutile lattice. It is 

practically inert and has a melting point above 1000 °C. The vapour pressure is estimated to be 

negligible. C.I. Pigment brown 24 has an extremely low solubility in water; the concentration of 

chromium and antimony in filtrates (10 g/l) has been measured by atomic absorption to be 

10000 mg/l; Daphnia magna: EC50 (48 h) > 100 mg/l; Desmodesmus subspicatus: EC50 (72 h)> 

100 mg/l; Pseudomonas putida: EC50 (30 min) > 10000 mg/l. 

The substance is not acutely toxic to aquatic organisms (fish, invertebrates and algae) in tests with 

either aqueous eluates or suspensions prepared with nominal concentrations far exceeding its water 

solubility. 


The substance is inorganic and thus not biologically degradable. According to the low water 

solubility and the structural properties of the pigment, bioaccumulation is not expected. 

5 RECOMMENDATIONS 

This chemical is currently of low priority for further work based on a low hazard potential. 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS 11


6 REFERENCES 

BASF AG (1978), department of toxicology, unpublished data, substance 77/146, 28.03.1978. 

BASF AG (1988), department of toxicology, unpublished data, Project No. 10F0066/885110, 

28.10.1988. 

BASF AG (1997), department of ecology, unpublished data, Project No. 01/88/0121, Jan. 1997. 

BASF AG (2000a), Safety data sheet Sicotan Gelb L2011, 06.04.2000. 

BASF AG (2000b), department of ecology, unpublished data, Project No. 99/0484/50/1, Jan. 2000. 

BASF AG (2000c), department of ecology, unpublished data, Project No. 99/0484/60/1, 04.05. 

2000. 

BASF AG (2001), product safety, unpublished data, Report No.: 33MO278/994093. 

BASF AG (2002), personal communication, 12.08.2002. 

BASF AG (2002), personal communication, estimation by means of CEH Marketing Research 

Report "PIGMENTS" 2001 by the Chemical Economics Handbook-SRI International; 575.0000A - 

575.0000F”. 

Bayer AG (1997), basic data set, unpublished 20th Feb. 1997. 

Bomhard E. et al. (1982), Toxicol. Lett. 14, 189-194. 

Corning Hazelton (1995), CHV Study No. 16595-0-409, June 1995, sponsored by Color Pigments 

Manufacturers Association Inc. 

Corning Hazelton (1996), CHV Study No. 16595-0-431, Apr. 1996, sponsored by Color Pigments 

Manufacturers Association Inc. 

Endriß H. (1998), Inorganic coloured pigments today, Curt R. Vincentz Verlag, Hannover. 

MAK-Begründung (1983), Nickeltitangelb, 7. Feb. 1983. 

12 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


ANNEX 

Date of the literature search (August 27, 2001) 

Toxicology 

JETOC 

RTECS 

AGRICOLA 

CABA 

CANCERLIT 

TOXCENTER 

TOXLINE 

JICST-EPLUS 

LIFESCI 

TOXLIT 

EMBASE 

ESBIOBASE 

EMBAL 

HEALSAFE 

CSNB 

MEDLINE 

IRIS 

ATSDR TOX. PROFILES 

ATSDR TOX: FAQS 

CHEMFINDER 

CIVS 

GESTIS 

GINC 

NICNAS 

NTP 

Ecology 

AQUASCI 

BIOSIS 

EMBASE 

ESBIOBASE. 

LIFESCI 

OCEAN 

POLLUAB 

SCISEARCH 

TOXCENTER 

TOXLINE 

ULIDAT 

DATALOG 

CHEMFATE 

BIODEG 

AQUIRE 

HSDB 



I U C L I D 

D a t a 

S e t 

Existing Chemical ID: 68186-90-3 

CAS No. 68186-90-3 

EINECS Name C.I. Pigment Brown 24 

EC No. 269-052-1 

Molecular Formula 

Producer Related Part 

Company: 

Creation date: 

Substance Related Part 

Company: 

Creation date: 

Memo: 

BASF AG 

07-MAY-1996 

BASF AG 

07-MAY-1996 

master 

Printing date: 

Revision date: 

Date of last Update: 

01-DEC-2004 

26-NOV-2004 

Number of Pages: 44 

Chapter (profile): Chapter: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 

Reliability (profile): Reliability: without reliability, 1, 2, 3, 4 

Flags (profile): Flags: without flag, SIDS 

14 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


GENERAL INFORMATION ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

1.0.1 Applicant and Company Information 

Type: 

lead organisation 

Name: 

BASF AG 

Contact Person: Product Safety Date: 

Dr. Hubert Lendle 

GUP/Z - Z570 

Street: 

Carl-Bosch-Strasse 

Town: 

67056 Ludwigshafen 

Country: 

Germany 

Phone: +49 621 60 44712 

Telefax: +49 621 60 6644712 

Email: 

hubert.lendle@basf-ag.de 

Homepage: 

www.basf-ag.com 

Flag: 

01-APR-2004 

Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-DEC-2001 

Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-NOV-2001 

Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-NOV-2001 

Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-NOV-2001 

Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-NOV-2001 

Critical study for SIDS endpoint 

cooperating company 

Bayer AG 

Germany 



Broll Buntpigmente GmbH 

Germany 


other: cooperating organisation 

Color Pigments Manufacturers Ass. (CMPA), Inc. 

United States 



Dr. Hans Heubach GmbH & Co. KG 

Germany 



Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. 

Japan 


Type: 

Name: 

Country: 

Flag: 

13-NOV-2001 


Kawamura Chemical Co. 

Japan 





DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

1.0.2 Location of Production Site, Importer or Formulator 

1.0.3 Identity of Recipients 

1.0.4 Details on Category/Template 

1.1.0 Substance Identification 

1.1.1 General Substance Information 

Substance type: inorganic 

Physical status: solid 

Purity: 

> 99 - % w/w 

Colour: 

yellow 

Odour: 

odourless 

Flag: 

non confidential, Critical study for SIDS endpoint 

14-FEB-2003 (1) 

1.1.2 Spectra 

1.2 Synonyms and Tradenames 

C.I. 77310 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


C.I. Pigment Brown 24 (9CI) 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


Chromantimontitanlederfarbenrutil 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


Chrome antimony titanate buff 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


Chrome antimony titanium buff rutile 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


Chrome titanium yellow 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


Pigment Brown 24 

16 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 


1.3 Impurities 

1.4 Additives 

1.5 Total Quantity 

Remark: Production quantity (Year of reference: 2001): 

Europe 

: 5000 - 10000 t/a 

includes Germany: 5000 - 10000 t/a 

USA 

: 1000 - 5000 t/a 

Asia 

: 1000 - 5000 t/a 

includes Japan : 1000 - 5000 t/a 

Flag: 

04-DEC-2001 

World 

: approx. 15000 t/a 


1.6.1 Labelling 

Labelling: 

no labelling required (no dangerous properties) 

Flag: 


14-NOV-2002 (1) 

1.6.2 Classification 

Classified: 

no classification required (no dangerous properties) 

Flag: 


14-NOV-2002 (1) 

1.6.3 Packaging 

1.7 Use Pattern 

Type: 

Category: 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 

Type: 

Category: 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 

type 

Use resulting in inclusion into or onto matrix 


industrial 

Paints, lacquers and varnishes industry 





DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Type: 

Category: 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 

Type: 

Category: 

Flag: 

07-MAY-1996 

industrial 

Polymers industry 


use 

Colouring agents 


1.7.1 Detailed Use Pattern 

1.7.2 Methods of Manufacture 

Type: 

Remark: 

Production 

Doted rutile pigments are manufactured by reacting finely 

divided metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates in the solid 

state at a temperature of 1000 to 1,200 °C. The production 

is based on reactive anatase, or titanium dioxide 

hydrolysate containing sulfuric acid, and on the oxidation 

of trivalent antimony with oxygen in the form of nitric acid 

or air. For the production of C.I. Pigment Brown 24 the 

chromium raw materials are used. 

The reactions proceed more readily if the components are 

reactive, finely divided and intimately mixed. Adding 

mineralizers promotes solid-state reaction during 

calcination, which is performed either continuously in a 

rotary, annular or tunnel furnace, or batchwise in a 

directly fired car-bottom or rotary-hearth furnace. After 

calcination, the resulting clinker is wet-ground and any 

soluble salts are washed out. The product is dried either 

in a spray-drying tower, when low-dusting, free-flowing 

grades are required, or by standard means, which, however, 

necessitates subsequent grinding to a pigment powder. 

Raw-material dust, and gases (e.g. SO3 and NOx), emitted 

during the calcination step are removed from the flue gas by 

dust separators and alkaline flue scrubbers. The raw-material 

dust can be recycled. Soluble metal salts can be removed by 

neutral precipitation in the waste-water 

treatment plant, and suspended pigment particles can be 

mechanically separated from the water from washing and 

purification steps. Altogether, only a small amount of waste 

is produced with each tonne of product. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (2) 

Type: 

Production 

Remark: The finished C.I. Pigment Brown 24 contains about 2 to 6 % 

chromium(III) and 8.5 to 14 % antimony(V) (all data 

calculated as metal). 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (3) 

18 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

1.8 Regulatory Measures 

1.8.1 Occupational Exposure Limit Values 

Type of limit: 

Limit value: 

MAK (DE) 

other: no MAK- or BAT-value established 

Flag: 


14-FEB-2003 (4) 

1.8.2 Acceptable Residues Levels 

1.8.3 Water Pollution 

Classified by: KBwS (DE) 

Labelled by: KBwS (DE) 

Class of danger: 0 (generally not water polluting) 

Remark: ID-Number: 1956 

Flag: 


14-NOV-2002 (5) 

Classified by: other: VwVwS (Germany) of 17.05.1999, Annex 3 

Labelled by: other: VwVwS (Germany) of 17.05.1999, Annex 3 

Class of danger: 0 (generally not water polluting) 

Flag: 


14-NOV-2002 (1) 

1.8.4 Major Accident Hazards 

1.8.5 Air Pollution 

1.8.6 Listings e.g. Chemical Inventories 

Type: 

TSCA 

Flag: 


13-NOV-2001 (6) 

Type: 

DSL 

Flag: 


13-NOV-2001 (6) 

Type: 

AICS 

Flag: 


13-NOV-2001 (6) 

Type: 

PICCS 

Flag: 


13-NOV-2001 (6) 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Type: 

EINECS 

Additional Info: EINECS No. 269-052-1 

Flag: 


21-FEB-2002 (6) 

Type: 

ECL 

Additional Info: ECL Serial No. KE-07865 

Flag: 


21-FEB-2002 (6) 

1.9.1 Degradation/Transformation Products 

EINECS-Name: 

No hazardous decomposition products if stored and handled as 

prescribed/indicated. 

Flag: 


14-NOV-2002 (1) 

1.9.2 Components 

1.10 Source of Exposure 

1.11 Additional Remarks 

1.12 Last Literature Search 

Type of Search: Internal and External 

Chapters covered: 3, 4 

Date of Search: 19-NOV-2003 

25-NOV-2003 

1.13 Reviews 

- 

20 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


PHYSICO-CHEMICAL DATA ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

2.1 Melting Point 

Value: 

> 1000 degree C 

Reliability: (4) not assignable 

Manufacturer / producer data without proof 

Flag: 


04-DEC-2000 (7) 

2.2 Boiling Point 

2.3 Density 

Type: 

Value: 

density 

= 4 - 5 g/cm³ at 20 degree C 

Method: other: (DIN-ISO 787/10) 

GLP: 

no 



Flag: 


14-FEB-2003 (7) 

2.3.1 Granulometry 

2.4 Vapour Pressure 

Remark: 

A negligible vapour pressure can be assumed for this mixed 

metal oxide. 

Flag: 


14-FEB-2003 (8) 

2.5 Partition Coefficient 

2.6.1 Solubility in different media 

Solubility in: 

Water 

Remark: 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 has an extremely low solubility in 

water; the concentration of chromium and antimony in filtrates 

of a 10 g/l solution after 2h-stirring has been measured by 

atomic absorption to be


PHYSICO-CHEMICAL DATA ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

GLP: 

no 

Result: 

The pH-value has been determined from a pigment suspension 

having a concentration of 50 g/l. 



Flag: 


14-FEB-2003 (7) 

2.6.2 Surface Tension 

2.7 Flash Point 

Remark: 

not applicable 


Flag: 


04-DEC-2000 (7) 

2.8 Auto Flammability 

2.9 Flammability 

2.10 Explosive Properties 

2.11 Oxidizing Properties 

2.12 Dissociation Constant 

2.13 Viscosity 


22 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND PATHWAYS ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

3.1.1 Photodegradation 

Test substance: 

Remark: 

Flag: 

12-MAR-2003 

other TS: Chromantimontitanlederfarbenrutil 

No data are available 


3.1.2 Stability in Water 

3.1.3 Stability in Soil 

3.2.1 Monitoring Data (Environment) 

3.2.2 Field Studies 

3.3.1 Transport between Environmental Compartments 

Method: 

Remark: 

Flag: 

12-MAR-2003 

other 

No data are available. 


3.3.2 Distribution 

Media: 

Method: 

air - biota - sediment(s) - soil - water 

Calculation according Mackay, Level I 

Remark: 

Distribution modelling is not applicable since several 

physical parameters (molecular weight, water solubility, 

vapour pressure and partition coefficient) are not 

available. 

Flag: 


11-DEC-2001 (10) 

3.4 Mode of Degradation in Actual Use 

3.5 Biodegradation 

Method: 

other 

Remark: 

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 is an inorganic substance, 

biodegradation is therefore not assumed. 

Flag: 


12-MAR-2003 (8) 

3.6 BOD5, COD or BOD5/COD Ratio 



ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND PATHWAYS ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

3.7 Bioaccumulation 

Year: 2002 

Test substance: as prescribed by 1.1 - 1.4 

Remark: 

No data on bioaccumulation are available. However, regarding 

the extremely low water solubility, experiences from rodent 

investigations and the structure-related inert properties of 

the rutil, bioavailability and therefore bioconcentration is 

not expected. 

Flag: 


12-MAR-2003 (8) 


24 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


ECOTOXICITY ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

AQUATIC ORGANISMS 

4.1 Acute/Prolonged Toxicity to Fish 

Type: 

static 

Species: 

Leuciscus idus (Fish, fresh water) 

Exposure period: 96 hour(s) 

Unit: mg/l Analytical monitoring: no 

LC0: >= 1000 

Method: 

other: Bestimmung der akuten Wirkung von Stoffen auf Fische. 

Arbeitskreis "Fischtest" im Hauptausschuss "Detergentien" 

(15.10.73) 

Year: 1977 

GLP: 

no 

02-OCT-2001 (11) 

Type: 

static 

Species: 

Leuciscus idus (Fish, fresh water) 



NOEC: = 10000 

LC50: > 10000 

Method: other: DIN 38412 Part 15 

Year: 1982 

GLP: 

no 


Remark: 

Cloudy and coloured test solution; undissolved test 

substance visible on the bottom of aquaria; results on the 

basis of nominal concentrations, 

Result: 

RESULTS: EXPOSED 

- No mortality after 96 h 

- No symptoms observed at 1, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96h 

RESULTS: CONTROL 

- No animals showed adverse effects 

- Positive control conducted with Chloroacetamide, LC50 

(48h) =32 mg/l (normal sensitivity) 

Test condition: DILUTION WATER 

according to DIN 38412, part 11 (Oct. 1982) 

TEST SYSTEM 

- concentrations: 0, 5000, 10000 mg/l 

- Number of animals per test concentration: 10 

- Loading: 4.7 g fish/l test water 

- Test temperature: 21 degree C 

- pH 7.5-8.3 during exposure in all 3 groups 

- Oxygen content during exposure: 6.9-8.5 mg/l in all 3 

groups 

- Test parameter: mortality and symptoms 

- Effects checked after directing the fish towards the front 

pane of aquaria (cloudy content, see remark); at the end 

of test period (96h) fish transfered into clean water for 

determination of symptoms. 

Reliability: (2) valid with restrictions 

Comparable to OECD guideline 203 

Flag: 


12-MAR-2003 (12) 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

4.2 Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates 

Type: 

static 

Species: 

Daphnia magna (Crustacea) 



EC0: >= 100 

EC50: > 100 

EC100: > 100 

Method: OECD Guide-line 202 

Year: 1984 

GLP: 

yes 


Method: Test also according to EEC directive 92/32/EEC Annex V, C.2 

(1992), EPA OPPTS850.1010 (1996), ISO 6341 (1989) 

Result: 

RESULTS: EXPOSED 

- Nominal concentrations: 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/l 

- Effect data (Immobilisation): No immobilisation at any 

dose group or control; other effects: no 

Test condition: 

RESULTS CONTROL: valid negative (immobility 0%) and positive 

control 

STOCK AND TEST SOLUTION AND THEIR PREPARATION 

Unsoluble TS (water solubility < 1 mg/l) stirred in the M4 

medium (see dilution water) for ca. 20 h at ca. 20 °C; 

undissolved TS removed by filtration with a membrane filter 

(pore width 0.2 µm); nominal concentration of the filtrate 

100 mg/l; further dilution of this filtrate with M4 medium; 

prepared nominal concentrations: 

control, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/l. 

DILUTION WATER 

M4 medium 

TEST SYSTEM 

- Test volume: 10 ml 

- Number of replicates (individuals/vessel): 4 (5) 

- Test temperature: 20.4-20.5 °C 

- Dissolved oxygen: 8.2-8.5 mg/l 

- pH: 8.1-8.4 

MONITORING OF TEST SUBSTANCE CONCENTRATION: Test performed 

with an aqueous extract (filtrate) of the TS. Test performed 

without concentration control analysis because the recovery 

rate in the filtrate was below the detection limit. 

STATISTICS: 

Results allowed no statistical evaluation of the data. 

Reliability: (1) valid without restriction 

guideline study 

Flag: 


12-MAR-2003 (13) 

4.3 Toxicity to Aquatic Plants e.g. Algae 

Species: other algae: Scenedesmus subspicatus Chodat SAG 86.81 

Endpoint: 

growth rate 

26 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 



NOEC: >= 100 

LOEC: > 100 

EC10: > 100 

EC50: > 100 

EC90 : > 100 

Method: 

OECD Guide-line 201 "Algae, Growth Inhibition Test" 

Year: 1984 

GLP: 

yes 


Method: Test also according to EEC directive 92/69/EEC, Annex V, 

Part C.3. (1992) and EPA OPPTS 850.5400 (1996) 

Remark: 

MONITORING OF TEST SUBSTANCE CONCENTRATION: 

Test performed with an aqueous extract (filtrate) of the TS. 

Test performed without concentration control analysis 

because the recovery rate in a filtrate is below the 

detection limit (see also data in section 4.2). 

Result: 

CONTROL 

In negative control cell multiplication factor after 72h: 

149-fold; positive control with potassium dichromate EC50 

(72h)= 0.41 mg/l; 

INHIBITION OF ALGAL BIOMASS AFTER 72h 

Concentration in mg TS/l 

0 1.56 3.13 6.25 12.5 25 50 100 

Inhibition 

in % of control 0 -1.6 -4.5 -1.4 0.5 -1.0 1.0 -15.4 

EbC10 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

EbC50 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

EbC90 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

INHIBITION OF GROWTH RATES AFTER 72h 

Concentration in mg TS/l 

0 1.56 3.13 6.25 12.5 25 50 100 

Inhibition 

in % of control 0 -0.7 -2.0 0.1 -0.3 -2.3 -1.0 

-4.0 


ErC10 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

ErC50 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

ErC90 (72h) > 100 mg/l 

STOCK SOLUTION AND DILUTION 

The test was performed with an aqueous extract (filtrate) of 

the test substance (water solubility < 1mg/l); TS stirred in 

demineralized water for ca. 20h at 20°C, undissolved TS 

removed by membrane filtration (pore size 0.2 µm), nominal 

concentration of the filtrate 125 mg/l, further dilution to 

nominal concentrations: 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.13, 1.56 

mg/l. 

TEST MEDIUM 

prepared according to guideline (see above) 

PEFORMANCE OF THE TEST 

test temperature 23°C, max. difference 2°C; 

test vessels 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks plugged with 

siliconsponge caps; test volume 100 ml; 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

pH values in uninoculated tests 7.8-7.9 at start of 

experiments and 7.9 after 72 h, in inoculated tests pH 

7.6-7.8 after 72 h; 

test parameter: 

1) in vivo chlorophyll-a-fluorescence at 435 nM wavelength 

after 0, 24, 48, 72 h; 

2) control culture: additionally cell counting after 72 h in 

a counting chamber 

STATISTICS 

EC values calculated by linear regression analysis from 

dose-response relationship; NOEC and LOEC: Duncan multiple 

range test at 95% significance level 


guideline study 

Flag: 


12-MAR-2003 (14) 

4.4 Toxicity to Microorganisms e.g. Bacteria 

Type: 

aquatic 

Species: 

Pseudomonas fluorescens (Bacteria) 


EC0: > 10000 

Method: 

other 

Year: 1977 

GLP: 

no 

Method: 

Growth inhibition test according to Bringmann, G. & Kuehn, 

R.: Z.f. Wasser- und Abwasser-Forschung 10(3/4), 87-98 

(1977) 

11-DEC-2001 (15) 

Type: 

aquatic 

Species: 

Pseudomonas putida (Bacteria) 

Exposure period: 30 minute(s) 


EC10: > 10000 

EC50: > 10000 

EC90 : > 10000 

Method: 

GLP: 


Method: 

Result: 


28 

other: DIN 38412 Part 27 (draft) 

no 

other TS: Sicotangelb K 1910 (C.I. Pigment Brown 24; CAS 

68286-90-3); purity ca. 100% 

Bacterial oxygen consumption test according to Robra, K.H., 

gwf. Wasser-Abwasser 117, 80-86 (1976) 

The results show the nominal concentrations of the TS that 

inhibited oxygen consumption of the microorganisms. 

- Test solution stirred for 17 h at 293 °K and than used as 

dispersion (unsoluble in water) in the oxygen consumption 

test 

- test volume 100 ml (5 ml glucose [198 g/l] and 95 ml test 

substance including bacterial suspension) 

- assay batch aerated for 30 min 

- decline in concentration of dissolved oxygen measured in a 

flow cell 

- pH of the test mix: 7.2 (low dose) - 8.0 (high dose) 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

- temperature: 25°C 

- tested concentrations: control, 1250, 2500, 5000, 10000 

mg/l (nominal) 


Acceptable, well documented study report which meets basic 

scientific principles. 

Flag: 


12-DEC-2001 (16) (17) 

4.5 Chronic Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms 

4.5.1 Chronic Toxicity to Fish 

4.5.2 Chronic Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

TERRESTRIAL ORGANISMS 

4.6.1 Toxicity to Sediment Dwelling Organisms 

4.6.2 Toxicity to Terrestrial Plants 

4.6.3 Toxicity to Soil Dwelling Organisms 

4.6.4 Toxicity to other Non-Mamm. Terrestrial Species 

4.7 Biological Effects Monitoring 

4.8 Biotransformation and Kinetics 


Memo: 1 

Remark: 

Sicotan Gelb K 2011 verhaelt sich in einem Organismus und 

in der Umwelt praktisch inert bzw. ist nicht bioverfuegbar. 

Dies wird bestaetigt durch die toxikologischen Daten und 

Daten zur oekotoxischen Wirkung. 

30 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


TOXICITY ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

5.0 Toxicokinetics, Metabolism and Distribution 

Type: 

Toxicokinetics 

Species: 

rat 

No. of animals, males: 5 

No. of animals, females: 5 

Doses, males: 10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg/kg diet (0.5, 5, 50, 500 

mg/kg bw/day) 

Doses, females: 10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg/kg diet (0.5, 5, 50, 500 

mg/kg bw/day) 

Route of administration: oral feed 

Exposure time: 

90 day(s) 

Method: other:comparable to OECD guideline 408 

GLP: 

no data 

Remark: 

Result: 

The detected traces of antimony (see results) most likely 

originate from the acid-soluble impurities of the pigment 

(10-20 mg antimony/kg pigment, that is 5-10 microgram/kg bw or 

125-250 microgram/kg organ weights at the highest dose) and 

therefore do not indicate bioavailability of the pigment 

itself. 

TOXICICITY 

No deaths, no overt signs of reactions to the treatment, no 

effects on body weight gain (similar food consumption in all 

groups) or organ weight, no treatment related findings 

from haematological or biochemical investigations and 

urinalysis. 

No macroscopic pathological changes attributable to 

treatment. No treatment related effects observed in 

histopathology. 

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 

Antimony 

In males and females the Sb concentrations in liver and 

kidney were below the detection limit at doses up to 1000 

ppm. In the high dose groups the Sb levels slightly 

increased with exposure duration and reached max. 27 ppb in 

the liver (3 mo) of males (range 15-40 ppb) and 17 ppb in 

females (kidney 14 ppb in males and 15 ppb in females). 

Chromium 

No measurable effect on chromium content of liver and kidney 

at any dose level and exposure duration. 


AUTHORS CONCLUSION 

The bioavailable traces of metals are considered to have no 


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 

15 animals per dose per gender for toxicological 

investigations and 30 animals per gender in the control 

group; 

additionally 10 animals per dose and gender for analytical 


group. 

Tests started at the age of 4- 5 weeks; TS given in powdered 

food (Altromin); feed and tape water ad libitum. 

General observations: 

Rats observed daily; food consumption and body weight gain 

determined once per week. 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Haematological, clinical and biochemical investigations: 

RBC, reticulocytes, platelets, haemoglobin, haematocrit, 

total and differential WBC, MCV, ALP, GOT, GPT, creatinine, 

urea, glucose, cholesterol, total plasma proteins and urine 

proteins, urinalysis conducted after one month and at the 

end of the study on 5 males and 5 females of each group; in 

addition thromboplastin time and glutamate dehydrogenase 

activity measured after three months. 

Gross and histopathological investigations: 

organ weight determined for thyroid gland, thymus, heart, 

lung, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, and gonads and 

histopathology performed together with aorta, eyes, 

intestine, femur, brain, urinary bladder, pituitary, 

cervical lymph nodes, stomach, oesophagus, epididymides, 

pancreas, prostate, seminal vesicle, bone marrow of sternum, 

trachea, uterus, skeletal muscles from 5 animals per gender 

of control and top dose group. 

Statistics: 

Data on weight determinations, hematology and clinical 

chemistry compared by Wilcoxon U-test, level of significance 

p 10000 mg/kg bw 

Method: 

other: no data 

GLP: 

no 



secondary literature 

25-NOV-2004 (20) 

Type: 

LD50 

32 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Species: 

rat 

Strain: 

Sprague-Dawley 

Sex: 

male/female 

No. of Animals: 10 

Vehicle: 

other: see freetext 

Value: 

> 10000 mg/kg bw 

Method: other: comparable to OECD guideline 401 

GLP: 

no 

Result: 

MORTALITY: 

- No mortality 

CLINICAL SIGNS: 

- No symptoms of poisoning; body weight gain comparable to 

historical controls 

NECROPSY FINDINGS: 

- No macroscopical effects, no data on organs examined 

Test condition: TEST CONDITION 

- Day-night rhythm: 12:12h 

- Temperature: 22 +-1 °C 

- Rel. humidity: 55 +-10% 

- food and water ad libitum, withdrawal 16 h before 

application 

ADMINISTRATION: 

- Suspension prepared in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose prior 

to application, stirred during application period 

- Doses: one dose, 10000 mg/kg bw, gavage 

- Volume administered: 31.6 ml/kg bw 

- Post exposure observation period: 14 d 

EXAMINATIONS: 

- body weight measured prior to application and 7 and 14 d 

after dosing 

- clinical symptoms determined 15, 30 min and 1, 2, 4, 5 and 

24 h after application, then daily 

- rats sacrificed on day 14, autopsy performed 

Test substance: C.I. pigment brown 24, characterized as TiO2 79,9 %, Sb2O5 

13,4 %, Cr2O3 5,2 %, SiO2 1,5 % 

(crosscontamination with material from ball mill) 

As 40 ppm, Pb 140 ppm, Cu 7 ppm, Zn 40 ppm, Ni 2 ppm 


Flag: 


26-NOV-2004 (21) 

5.1.2 Acute Inhalation Toxicity 

Type: 

other: Inhalation Risk Test 

Species: 

rat 

Strain: 

no data 

Sex: 

no data 


Vehicle: 

other: air 

Exposure time: 7 hour(s) 

Method: other: according to Smyth, H.F. et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Ass. J. 

23, 95-107 (1962) 

Year: 1962 

GLP: 

no 

Result: 

No mortality during the exposure period, no symptoms of 

poisoning; autopsy revealed no macroscopical effects. 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 


13,4 %, Cr2O3 5,2 %, SiO2 1,5 % 



Test condition: For enrichment of the atmosphere 200 l air per h conducted 

through a layer of the product (height 5 cm); test at room 

temperature. Rats sacrificed. 

Reliability: (3) invalid 

unsuitable test system 

26-NOV-2004 (21) 

5.1.3 Acute Dermal Toxicity 

5.1.4 Acute Toxicity, other Routes 

5.2 Corrosiveness and Irritation 

5.2.1 Skin Irritation 

Species: 

rabbit 

Concentration: 50 % 

Exposure: 

Occlusive 


Vehicle: 

water 

Result: 

slightly irritating 

Method: other: according to Federal Register 38, No. 187, § 1500.41, 

S. 27019, 27. Sept. 1973 

Year: 1973 

GLP: 

no 

Result: 

Intact skin: 

Evaluation of erythema after 24 and 72 hrs not possible due to 

treatment related staining of the skin (no histological 

examination of the epidermis in full thickness has been 

conducted, thus conclusion of dermal penetration of the test 

substance cannot be drawn from this study. In another study, 

however, it was reported that the staining of the skin could 

be removed by washing with soap, thereby corroberating that 

the staining was only superficial; ref. Bayer AG, basic data 

set, unpublished 20th Feb. 1997); no erythema after 8 d. 

Slight edema in 3/6 animals after 24 h, no edema after 72 h 

or 8 d. 

Abraded skin: 

Evaluation of erythema impossible after 24 and 72 h due to 

colouring of skin, no erythema after 8 d but scaling in 3/6 

rabbits. 

Edema in 4/6 rabbits after 24 h, no edema after 72 h or 8 d. 

Overall primary skin irritation value: 0.58 


Test condition: Application of 50% TS in water, Effects recorded after 24 

and 72 h and 8 d. 


13,4 %, Cr2O3 5,2 %, SiO2 1,5 % 


34 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 



Flag: 


26-NOV-2004 (21) 

Species: 

Result: 

Method: 

GLP: 


rabbit 

not irritating 

other 

no 

other TS: not specified 

Remark: 

2 animals, 500 mg/animal, exposure period 24h, postexposure 

period 7d 


Secondary literature 

14-MAR-2003 (22) 

5.2.2 Eye Irritation 

Species: 

rabbit 

Concentration: undiluted 


Result: 


Method: other: according to Federal Register 38, No. 187, § 1500.42, 

S. 27019, 27. Sept. 1973 

Year: 1973 

GLP: 

no 

Result: 

No effects on cornea and iris. 

After 24 hrs clear reddening of conjunctivae in 1/6 rabbits, 

slight reddening in 5/6; slight secretion in 4/6 rabbits. 

After 48 hrs slight reddening of conjunctivae in 5/6 of 

animals; one rabbit without symptoms; slight secretion in 1/6 

rabbits. 

After 72 hrs three of six animals without symptoms; slight 

reddening of conjunctivae in 3/6 rabbits, no secretion. 

No substance related staining has been observed. 

The result indicates a mechanically mediated slight, 

reversible irritation of the mucous membrane due to the 

instillation of test substance particles into the eyes. 

Test condition: Readings after 24, 48, 72 h. 


C.I. pigment brown 24, characterized as TiO2 79,9 %, Sb2O5 

13,4 %, Cr2O3 5,2 %, SiO2 1,5 % 




comparable to guideline study 

Flag: 


26-NOV-2004 (21) 

Species: 

Result: 

Method: 

GLP: 


rabbit 

not irritating 

other 

no 

other TS: not specified 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Remark: 

2 animals, 50 mg/animal, postexposure period 7d 


Secondary literature 

25-OCT-2001 (22) 

5.3 Sensitization 

5.4 Repeated Dose Toxicity 

Species: rat Sex: male/female 

Strain: 

other: Wistar TNO W74 


Exposure period: 

90 days 

Frequency of treatment: daily ad libitum 

Post exposure period: no 

Doses: 

10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg/kg diet (0.5, 5, 50, 500 mg/kg 

bw/day) 

Control Group: 

yes, concurrent vehicle 

NOAEL: 

= 500 mg/kg bw 


GLP: 

no data 

Test substance: other TS: technical grade chrome rutile yellow (C.I. pigment 

brown 24); characterized on a molar base as (Ti0.94 Sb0.03 

Cr0.03)O2 and as 85% TiO2, 10% Sb2O5, 5% Cr2O3 on weight% 

base 

Remark: 

Result: 

The detected traces of antimony (see results) most likely 

originate from the acid-soluble impurities of the pigment 

(10-20 mg antimony/kg pigment, that is 5-10 microgram/kg bw or 

125-250 microgram/kg organ weight at the highest dose) and 

therefore do not indicate bioavailability of the pigment 

itself. 

TOXICICITY 

No deaths, no overt signs of reactions to the treatment, no 

effects on body weight gain (similar food consumption in all 

groups) or organ weight, no treatment related findings 

from haematological or biochemical investigations and 

urinalysis. 

No macroscopic pathological changes attributable to 

treatment. No treatment related effects observed in 

histopathology. 

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 

Antimony 

In males and females the Sb concentrations in liver and 

kidney were below the detection limit at doses up to 1000 

ppm. In the high dose groups the Sb levels slightly 

increased with exposure duration and reached max. 27 ppb in 

the liver (3 months) of males (range 15-40 ppb) and 17 ppb in 

females (kidney 14 ppb in males and 15 ppb in females). 

Chromium 

No measurable effect on chromium content of liver and kidney 

at any dose level and exposure duration. 


36 

AUTHORS CONCLUSION 

The bioavailable traces of metals are considered to have no 


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

15 animals per dose per gender for toxicological 


group; 

additionally 10 animals per dose and gender for analytical 


group. 

Tests started at the age of 4- 5 weeks; TS given in powdered 

food (Altromin); feed and tap water ad libitum. 

General observations: 

Rats observed daily; food consumption and body weight gain 

determined once per week. 

Haematological, clinical and biochemical investigations: 

RBC, reticulocytes, platelets, haemoglobin, haematocrit, 

total and differential WBC, MCV, ALP, GOT, GPT, creatinine, 

urea, glucose, cholesterol, total plasma proteins and urine 

proteins, urinalysis conducted after one month and at the 

end of the study on 5 males and 5 females of each group; in 

addition thromboplastin time and glutamate dehydrogenase 

activity measured after three months. 

Gross and histopathological investigations: 

organ weight determined from thyroid gland, thymus, heart, 

lung, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, and gonads and 

histopathology performed together with aorta, eyes, 

intestine, femur, brain, urinary bladder, pituitary, 

cervical lymph nodes, stomach, oesophagus, epididymides, 

pancreas, prostate, seminal vesicle, bone marrow of sternum, 

trachea, uterus, skeletal muscles from 5 animals per gender 

of control and top dose group. 

Statistics: 

Data on weight determinations, hematology and clinical 

chemistry compared by Wilcoxon U-test, level of significance 

p= 5000 ug/plate 

Metabolic activation: with and without 

Result: 

negative 

Method: 

other: according to Ames 

GLP: 

yes 

Test substance: other TS: C.I. Pigment Brown 24 96.5 % 


secondary literature 

14-MAR-2003 (23) 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Type: 

Mouse lymphoma assay 

System of testing: L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, heterozygous at the TK 

locus 

Concentration: 

3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 µg/ml 

Cytotoxic Concentration: no cytotoxicity at any concentration tested (see also 

solubility in freetext) 


Result: 

negative 

Method: other: Clive et al., Mutat. Res. 189, 143-156 (1987) 

Year: 1987 

GLP: 

yes 

Test substance: other TS: Chrome Antimony Titanate, no further details 

Method: Test comparable to OECD guideline 476 

Result: 

With metabolic activation (MA): 

Trial 1 not acceptable because of cell culture problems, but 

no mutagenicity was observed; in trial 2 no significant 

increase 

in mutant frequency (minimum criterion: 2-fold vehicle 

control) and no dose-related response, no cytotoxicity 

(relative growths 78.2% to 116.9%). 

Without MA: 

Trial 1 is not acceptable because of cell culture problems 

but no mutagenicity of the TS was detected; in trial 2 no 

cytotoxicity of TS (71.2-92.8% relative growths), but no 

treatment induced mutant frequency that exceeded minimum 

criterion and no dose related trend was observed. 

Valid positive controls with and without MA; mutant 

frequency in controls within acceptable range as well as 

acceptable cloning efficiencies (without MA 87.7% and with 

MA 100.3%) 


AUTHORS EVALUATION 

TS was negative with and without activation under the 

conditions of testing; there was no cytotoxicity; the TS was 

insoluble and was tested at concentrations where it was 

possible to remove the TS at the end of exposure period. 

METABOLIC ACTIVATION (MA) SYSTEM 

S-9 mix with liver homogenate from male Sprague-Dawley rats 

treated with 500 mg/kg Aroclor1254 5 d prior to sacrifice 

CONTROLS 

Untreated (negative) control (only in cytotoxicity test) and 

vehicle control (DMSO); positive control methyl 

methanesulfate (without MA) and methylcholanthrene (with MA) 

MEDIA 

- culture medium: RPMI 1640 supplemented with PluronicF68, 

L-glutamine, sodium pyrovate, antibiotics and 10% horse 

serum 

- treatment medium: Fischers medium with same supplements 

but 5% horse serum 

- cloning medium: like culture medium but 20% horse serum 

and without PluronicF68 and addition of BBL purified agar 

(0.24%) 

- selection medium: cloning medium containing 3 µg/ml of TFT 

(5-trifluorothymidine) 

38 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

PERFORMANCE OF TEST 

TS formed a suspension in DMSO at concentrations from 0.195 

to 100 mg/l; higher concentrations are not included because of 

the insolubility of the TS (visible precipitates could not 

be removed by washing and dosing period could therefore not 

be controlled); in preliminary rangefinding tests no 

cytotoxicity at 1000 µg/ml; 2 independent trials; 3 vehicle 

controls and 2 positive controls in each trial; exposure 

period 4 h; expression period 2 d; selection period 10-14 d. 

Since the TS was negative, colony sizing was not performed 

(total mutant colonies documented). 


Flag: 


14-MAR-2003 (24) 

Type: 

Ames test 

System of testing: Salmonella typhimurium TA98, 100, 1535, 1537, 1538 


100, 250, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000 µg/plate 

Cytotoxic Concentration: no cytotoxicity at any concentration/exp. design 

(compare with solubility/precipitates, see freetext) 


Result: 

negative 

Method: other: Maron and Ames, Mutat. Res. 113, 173-215 (1983) 

Year: 1983 

GLP: 

yes 

Test substance: other TS: Chrome Antimony Titanate, LOT no.: CP653-1 (Color 

Pigments Manufactures Assoc.), no further data 

Method: Comparable with OECD guideline 471 

Result: In preliminary dose range-finding studies (TA100, 6.8-5000 

µg/plate, 10 doses) no cytotoxicity with and without S9-mix; 

precipitates at 1000 µg/plate (background lawn could not be 

evaluated). 

GENOTOXIC EFFECTS: 

- With and without metabolic activation: no positive results 

at any dose level in all tested strains. 

-CYTOTOXIC CONCENTRATION: 

- No cytotoxicity of the TS at any dose level; precipitates 

at 1000 µg/plate. 

CONTROLS: 

spontaneous revertants in negative controls within the 

normal range; valid positive controls. 


Evaluation: 

Under the condition of this study the TS did not cause an 

increase in the number of revertants of any tester strain 

either with or without metabolic activation. 

SYSTEM OF TESTING 

- Type: plate incorporation method 

- Metabolic activation system: S9-mix, liver microsomes 

prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats i.p. injected with 

500 mg/kg Aroclor1254. 

- number of plates per concentration/control: 3 

- Solvent: DMSO, insoluble TS formed suspension which 

remained in all dilutions 

- Controls: negative (vehicle control and sterility control) 

and positive control: 

-S9 mix: 2-nitrofluorene (TA98, TA1538), sodium azide (TA1535, 

TA100), ICR-191 (TA1537) 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

+S9 mix: 2-Aminoanthracene (five strains) 

- Cytotoxicity: evaluated via bacterial background lawn and 

reduction in revertant colonies 

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING RESULTS: 

TA98 and TA100 considered positive if the TS produced at 

least a 2-fold increase in revertants per plate over vehicle 

control and a dose response to increasing concentrations; 

same criteria for the other strains but 3-fold increase. 


No 2nd independent trial 

Flag: 


14-MAR-2003 (25) 

Type: 

Micronucleus test in vitro 

System of testing: V79 Chinese Hamster Lung Cells 


0.78-25 µg/ml (see freetext for further details) 

Cytotoxic Concentration: no cytotoxic response under any exp. condition 


Result: 

negative 

Method: 

other: see freetext 

GLP: 

yes 

Test substance: other TS: Pigment Brown 24 obtained from BASF AG, purity 99.4% 

Method: 

Result: 

Test according to a proposal for a new OECD guideline for 

the in vitro micronucleus test (1998). 

Literature: 

Kallweit et al., 1999, Mut Res 439, 183-199 

Seelbach et al., 1993, Mut Res 303, 163-169 

Seelbach et al., 1993, Toxicol in vitro, 7, 185-193 

TS precipitation in the vehicle observed at all test doses, 

in culture "obviously soluble up to 6.25 µg/ml". Osmolality 

and pH values not influenced by the treatment. 


With and without metabolic activation in both trials no 

increase in the number of micronuclei at any dose level. 

CYTOTOXIC CONCENTRATION: 

No suppression of the mitotic activity at any dose level 

(determination of mitotic index); determination of the 

proliferation index (allows measurement of colony size) 

revealed no cytotoxic response under any exp. condition as 

well as the cell counts showed no growth inhibition; cell 

attachment was not influenced at any dose. 

CONTROLS: 

Spontaneous micronuclei in negative controls within the 



EVALUATION: 


increase in the number of micronuclei of the tester strain 

either with or without metabolic activation. TS considered 

not to induce clastogenic or aneugenic effects. 

METABOLIC ACTIVATION (MA) SYSTEM 

S-9 mix with liver homogenate from male Sprague-Dawley rats 

treated with 500 mg/kg Aroclor1254 5 d prior to sacrifice 

CONTROLS 

40 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

concurrent vehicle controls (DMSO); concurrent positive 

controls ethyl methanesulfonate (without MA) and 

cyclophosphamide (with MA) 

MEDIA 

- culture medium: MEM medium with 10% fetal calf serum & 2% 

antibiotics 

- treatment medium: same medium without fetal calf serum 

PERFORMANCE OF TEST 

DMSO used as vehicle. Max. doses in the different exp. 

designs 12.5-25 µg/ml; higher doses could not be evaluated 

due to TS precipitation which interfered with evaluation of 

cells (determined in pretests). 

In all exp. groups duplicate cultures used; 1000 cells per 

culture analysed; 

1st Trial (mixed population mehod): 

a) 24 h exposure, 24 h harvest time, without S9-mix 

b) 4 h exposure, 24 h harvest time, with S9-mix 

concentrations in a) and b): 0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 µg/ml 

2nd Trial using the mitotic shake off method (24 h mitotic 

shake off): 

a) 24 h exposure, 27 h preparation time, without S9-mix; 

concentrations 0, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5 µg/ml 

b) 4 h exposure, 27 h preparation time, with S9-mix; 

concentrations 0, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25 µg/ml 

STATISTICS 

No statistical analysis due to the clear negative findings. 

EVALUATION CRITERIA 

No significant increase in the number of micronulei at any 

dose level above concurrent negative control and within 

historical control data; number of micronuclei in concurrent 

negative control within the normal range; significant 

increase in number of micronuclei in positive controls. 

Test substance: Stability of the TS verified by reanalysis; homogeniety 

given. 


Flag: 


14-MAR-2003 (26) 

Type: 

Bacterial reverse mutation assay 

System of testing: E. coli WP2uvrA 


100, 250, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000 µg/plate 

Cytotoxic Concentration: no cytotoxicity at any concentration/exp. design 

(compare with solubility/precipitates, see freetext) 


Result: 

negative 

Method: other: comparable to OECD guideline 472 

GLP: 

yes 

Test substance: other TS: Chrome Antimony Titanate, LOT no.: CP653-1 (Color 

Pigments Manufactures Assoc.), no further data 

Result: 

In preliminary dose range-finding study (6.7-5000 µg/plate, 

10 doses) no cytotoxicity with and without S9-mix; 

precipitates at 1000 µg/plate (background lawn could not be 

evaluated). 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 


- With and without metabolic activation: no positive results 

at any dose level. 

-CYTOTOXIC CONCENTRATION: 

- No cytotoxicity of the TS at any dose level; precipitates 

at 1000 µg/plate. 

CONTROLS: 

spontaneous revertants in negative controls within the 



Evaluation: 


increase in the number of revertants of the tester strain 

either with or without metabolic activation. 

SYSTEM OF TESTING 

- Type: plate incorporation method 

- Metabolic activation system: S9-mix, liver microsomes 

prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats i.p. injected with 

500 mg/kg Aroclor1254. 

- number of plates per concentration/control: 3 

- Solvent: DMSO, insoluble TS formed suspension which 

remained in all dilutions 

- Controls: negative (vehicle control and sterility control) 

and positive control with (2-aminoanthracene) and without 

S9-mix (4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide). 

- Cytotoxicity: evaluated via bacterial background lawn and 

reduction in revertant colonies 

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING RESULTS: 

Considered positive if the TS produced at least a 2-fold 

increase in revertants per plate over vehicle control and a 

dose response to increasing concentrations. 


No 2nd independent trial 

Flag: 


15-OCT-2001 (25) 

5.6 Genetic Toxicity 'in Vivo' 

5.7 Carcinogenicity 

5.8.1 Toxicity to Fertility 

Type: 

other: repeated dose toxicity 

Species: 

rat 

Sex: 

male/female 

Strain: 

other: Wistar TNO W74 


Exposure Period: 

90 days 

Frequency of treatment: daily ad libitum 

Doses: 10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg/kg diet (0.5, 5, 50, 500 

mg/kg bw/day) 


GLP: 

no data 

Test substance: other TS: technical grade chrome rutile yellow (C.I. pigment 

brown 24); characterized on a molar base as (Ti0.94 Sb0.03 

Cr0.03)O2 and as 85% TiO2, 10% Sb2O5, 5% Cr2O3 on weight% 

42 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

base 

Result: 

no effects on organ weights and macro-and micro-histopathology 

of gonads (testes, epididymides, prostate, seminal vesicle, 

ovary and uterus) were observed in the 90 day feeding study on 

rats at doses up to 500 mg/kg bw/ day 


Flag: 


14-MAR-2003 (19) 

5.8.2 Developmental Toxicity/Teratogenicity 

5.8.3 Toxicity to Reproduction, Other Studies 

5.9 Specific Investigations 

5.10 Exposure Experience 

Remark: 

24-AUG-2001 

no data available 


Type: 

other: update info 

Remark: no relevant new data located, 16. March 1998 

16-MAR-1998 



ANALYT. METH. FOR DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

6.1 Analytical Methods 

6.2 Detection and Identification 

44 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


EFFECTS AGAINST TARGET ORG. AND INTENDED USES ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

7.1 Function 

7.2 Effects on Organisms to be Controlled 

7.3 Organisms to be Protected 

7.4 User 

7.5 Resistance 



MEAS. NEC. TO PROT. MAN, ANIMALS, ENVIRONMENT ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

8.1 Methods Handling and Storing 

Safe Handling: Breathing must be protected when large quantities are decanted 

without local exhaust ventilation. 

Fire/Exp. Prot.: Avoid dust formation. 

Storage Req.: Keep container tightly closed. 

Transport Code: Not classified as hazardous under transport regulations. 

Remark: 

Personal protective equipment 

Respiratory protection: 

Suitable respiratory protection for higher concentrations or 

long-term effect: Particle filter EN 143 Type P1, low 

efficiency, (solid particles of inert substances). 

Hand protection: 

Chemical resistant protective gloves (EN 374) e.g. nitrile 

rubber (0.4 mm(, chloroprene rubber (0.5 mm), 

polyvinylchloride (0.7 mm) and other. 

Manufacturer's directions for use must be observed because of 

great diversity of types. 

Eye protection: 

Safety glases with side-sgields (frame goggles) (EN 166) 

General safety and hygiene measures: 

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety 

practice. Due to the coloring properties of the product closed 

work clothes should be used, to avoid stains during 

manipulation. Hands and/or face should be washed before breaks 

and at the end of the shift. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

8.2 Fire Guidance 

Hazards: 

Evolution of fumes/fog. Harmful vapours can be released in 

case of fire. 

Prot. Equipment: Wear a self-contained breathing-apparatus. 

Ext. Medium: water spray, dry extinguishing media, foam, carbon dioxide 

Add. Information: The degree of risk is governed by the burning substance and 

the fire conditions. Contaminated extinguishing water must be 

disposed of in accordance with official regulations. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

8.3 Emergency Measures 

Type: 

other: general advice 

Remark: 

Remove contaminated clothing. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

Remark: 

46 

injury to persons (skin) 

Wash thoroughly with soap and water. 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS



DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

injury to persons (eye) 

Remark: 

Wash affected eyes for at least 15 minutes under running water 

with eyelids held open. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

injury to persons (oral) 

Remark: 

Rinse mouth and then drink plenty od water. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

injury to persons (inhalation) 

Remark: 

If difficulties occur after dust has been inhaled, remove to 

fresh air and seek medical attention. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

other: Note to physician 

Remark: 

If difficulties occur after dust has been inhaled, remove to 

fresh air and seek medical attention. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

Type: 

Remark: 

accidental spillage 

Personal precautions: 

Avoid dust formation. Use personal protective clothing. 

Environmental precautions: 

Contain contaminated water/firefighting water. Do not 

discharge into drains/surface water/groundwater. 

Methods for cleaning up or taking up: 

For small amounts: Pick up with suitable appliance and dispose 

of. 

For large amounts: Contain with dust binding material and 

dispose of. 

Avoid raising dust. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 

8.4 Possib. of Rendering Subst. Harmless 

8.5 Waste Management 

Memo: 

other: must be dumped or incinerated in accordance with local 

regulations. 

Flag: 


15-NOV-2002 (1) 




DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

8.6 Side-effects Detection 

8.7 Substance Registered as Dangerous for Ground Water 

8.8 Reactivity Towards Container Material 

48 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


REFERENCES ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

(1) BASF AG, Safety data sheet SICOTAN GELB L 1910, 04.07.2002 

(30047688) 

(2) H.Endriß, Inorganic coloured pigments today, Curt R. 

Vincentz Verlag, Hannover, 1998 

(3) personal communication, Dr. Hartmut Endriss, BASF AG, 

11/2002 

(4) MAK- und BAT-Werte-Liste 2002 (Mitteilung 38 vom 

01.07.2002), WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, Germany 

(5) Catalogue of Substances Hazardous to Water - Umweltbundesamt 

Berlin, status 11.11.2002 

(6) National Chemical Inventories 2001 Issue 1 

(7) BASF AG, Safety data sheet Sicotan Gelb L 2011, 02.10.2000 

(8) BASF AG, expert judgement, 2002 

(9) BASF AG, personal communication, 12.08.2002 

(10) BASF AG, Umweltanalytik, Mitteilung vom 24.03.95 

(11) Bayer AG, Safety data sheet, cited in BAYER base data set 

(12) BASF AG, Department of Toxicology, unpublished data, Project 

No. 10F0066/885110, 25.10.1988 

(13) BASF AG, department of ecology, unpublished data 

(Project No. 99/0484/50/1), 17.01.2000 

(14) BASF AG, department of ecology, unpublished data (Report No. 

99/0484/60/1), 04.05.2000 

(15) Safety Data Sheet Bayer AG (zitiert nach EUCLID Data Sheet 

vom 18.08.1994, Bayer AG) 

(16) BASF AG, Dep. Ecology, unpublished data, Datenerhebung für 

oekotoxikologische Untersuchungen vom 18.1.1988 

(17) BASF AG, Dep. Ecology, unpublished data, Project No. 

01/88/0121, 02.01.1997 

(18) BASF AG, Mitteilung vom 20.03.95 

(19) Bomhard E. et al. (1982), Toxicol. Lett. 14, 189-194 

(20) Bayer AG, unpublished data, 23.11.1972, cited in Bayer base 

data set, last update 19.08.1994 

(21) BASF AG, Department of Toxicology, unpublished data, 

substance 77/146, 28.03.1978 

(22) Bayer AG, unpublished data, 29.03.1979, cited in Bayer base 

data set, last update 18.08.1994 

(23) Bayer AG, unpublished data, Report No. 19909, Jan. 1991, 

cited in Bayer base data set, last update 18.08.1994 



REFERENCES ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

(24) Corning Hazelton, CHV STUDY No. 16595-0-431, Apr. 1996, 

sponsored by Color Pigments Manufacturers Association 

(25) Corning Hazelton, CHV Study No. 16595-0-409, June 1995, 

sponsored by Color Pigments Manufacturers Association 

(26) BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Product Safety, unpublished data, 

Report No.: 33M0278/994093 (2001) 

50 

UNEP PUBLICATIONS


SUMMARY AND EVALUATION ID 68186-90-3 

DATE: 26-NOV-2004 

10.1 End Point Summary 

10.2 Hazard Summary 

10.3 Risk Assessment

C.I. Pigment Brown 24 CAS NÂ°: 68186-90-3

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?