The manuscript discusses the problem of water scarcity engendered by climate change impact through our test area, the Ain Zada Dam (North-East Algeria). The latter has witnessed a noticeable water-level decrease during the last years. Therefore, the status of the water surface is in a critical condition and the dam is in need of continuous follow-up survey. The present paper aims to model the spatiotemporal changes of the Ain Zada Dam’s water surface in the period 2015–2018 using remote sensing. To reach this end, NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) algorithm, which is a reference for water body extraction techniques on Sentinel-2 Satellite, is used for detecting spatiotemporal changes of the dam under study. The results obtained showed that the use of the NDWI provides an accurate water body mapping in the region for the time-series Sentinel-2 images, with an average overall accuracy of 98.57%. Also, the findings demonstrated that the dam’s surface area has steadily decreased between 2015 and 2018, where the dam has lost about two thirds of its water surface area, which corresponds to about 77% of the water size since the 2015 winter. These major repercussions are due mainly to the climate change and human factors that have affected the water supply as well. Considering that water shortage is one of the biggest future environmental issues in Algeria, the findings of the present study should be taken into account vis-à-vis any future potential development in the area, and they could be further enhanced or complemented by future research on the environmental impact of water shortage, which is relevant to the Algerian context.

该手稿通过我们的测试区艾因扎达大坝（阿尔及利亚东北部）讨论了气候变化影响造成的水资源短缺问题。后者在过去几年中见证了明显的水位下降。因此，水面状况处于危急状态，大坝需要持续的后续调查。本文旨在利用遥感模拟 2015-2018 年 Ain Zada 大坝水面的时空变化。为此，将作为Sentinel-2卫星上水体提取技术参考的NDWI（归一化差异水指数）算法用于检测研究中大坝的时空变化。获得的结果表明，NDWI 的使用为 Sentinel-2 时序图像提供了该地区准确的水体测绘，平均总体准确率为 98.57%。此外，调查结果表明，大坝的表面积在 2015 年至 2018 年间稳步减少，大坝的水面面积减少了约三分之二，相当于自 2015 年冬季以来水量的约 77%。这些主要影响主要是由于气候变化和人为因素也影响了供水。考虑到水资源短缺是阿尔及利亚未来最大的环境问题之一，本研究的结果应考虑到该地区未来的任何潜在发展，