Photosensitivity
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PHOTOSENSITIVITY OF DRUGS, CAUSE OF PHOTOSENSITIVITY,
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Photosensitivity
- 2. Why the Color differentiation in storage of medicines?
- 3. Photosensitivity Reaction Presented By, L.Janit Asha-Medication Management Nurse, S.Nizam Pakkir Maideen-Clinical Pharmacist.
- 4. Photosensitivity • Photosensitivity is the amount to which an object reacts to receiving photons, especially visible light, • In medicine, the term is principally used for abnormal reactions of the skin due to light, • Two types of photosensitivities are Photoallergy and Phototoxicity.
- 6. Photoallergy
- 8. Photoallergy • Eczematous, itchy type reaction occurs 0-72 hours after exposure to agent and light, • May spread to areas that have not be sun-exposed, • Hyperpigmentation does not occur, • It was Reversible.
- 9. Cause of photoallergy • Many medications and conditions can cause sun sensitivity, including: • Sulfa used in some drugs, among them some antibiotics, diuretics, COX-2 inhibitors, and diabetes drugs.[1] • Psoralens, coal tars, photo-active dyes (eosin, acridine orange) • Musk ambrette, methylcoumarin, lemon oil (may be present in fragrances) • PABA (found in sunscreens) • Oxybenzone (UVA and UVB chemical blocker also in sunscreens) • Salicylanilide (found in industrial cleaners)
- 10. Cause of Photoallergy • Hexachlorophene (found in some ℞ antibacterial soaps) • Tetracycline antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline) • Benzoyl peroxide • Retinoids (e.g., isotretinoin) • Some NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen sodium) • Fluoroquinolone antibiotic: Sparfloxacin in 2% of cases • Amiodarone, used to treat atrial fibrillation • Pellagra
- 12. Chemical Structure of Some Drugs Why These Drugs Undergo Photosensitivity?
- 14. Effect of Visible Light & UV light in Diluted Solution of Methylene Blue
- 15. Photoallergy drugs • Sunscreens para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), oxybenzone, cyclohexanol, benzophenones, salicylates, cinnamate. • Anti-microbials chlorhexidine hexachlorophene dapsone • Painkillers celecoxib
- 16. Phototoxicity
- 17. Phototoxicity
- 18. Phototoxicity • Skin reaction occurs minutes to hours after exposure to agent and light, • Appears as an exaggerated sunburn reaction (reddening and swelling), • Vesicles, blisters and bullae may occur in severe reactions (pseudoporphyria), • May or may not be itchy, • Less commonly, skin may change colour, e.g. blue-green pigmentation is associated with amiodarone, • Reaction is limited to sun-exposed skin, • Photo-onycholysis (separation of the distal nail plate from the nail bed) may arise with many oral photosensitising medications and may be the only sign of phototoxicity in dark-skinned individuals.
- 19. PhotoToxic Drugs • Antibiotics Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, • Tetracyclines Doxycycline, • Sulfonamides Sulfamethoxazole, Trimethoprim, Cotrimoxazole, Sulfisoxazole. • Antihistamines Diphenhydramine, • Malaria medications Quinine, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- 20. PhotoToxic Drugs • Cancer chemotherapy drugs 5-fluorouracil, Vinblastine , Dacarbazine, • Cardiac drugs Amiodarone, Nifedipine , Quinidine, Diltiazem. • Diuretics Frusemide, Hydrochlorothiazide
- 21. Amber Colored vial Clear vial Vial
- 22. • I.Levitiracetam, • I.Pantoprazole, • I.Succinyl Choline, • I.Cisplatin, • I.Doxorubicin, • I.MMR, • I.Dexamethasone, • I.Cefotaxime, • I.Dobutamine, • I.Cytoplatin, • I.Cefuroxime, • I.Benzyl Penicillin, • I.Trastuzumab, • I.Isophane Insulin, Amber Colored Vial Clear Vial
- 23. Amber Colored Ampule Clear Ampule Ampule
- 24. • I.Frusemide, • I.Chlorpheniramine Maleate, • I.Dopamine, • I.Methycobalamin, • I.Vitamin B-Complex, • I.Isolin, • I.Nor-Adrenaline, • I.Fosphenytoin, • I.Drotaverine, • I.Sodium NitroPrusside, Amber Colored Ampule Clear Ampule • I.Ondansetron, • I.Adrenaline, • I.Torsemide, • I.Citicoline, • I.Protamine, • I.Amidotrizoate meglumine, • I.Amiodarone, • I.Atropine sulphate, • I.Tranexamic Acid, Amber Colored Ampule Clear Ampule
- 25. Amber Colored Syrup Bottle Clear Syrup Bottle
- 26. • S.Pedicoryl, • S.Benadryl, • S.Mucaine gel, • S.Alex & P, • S.Ascoril, • S.Liv 52, • S.Sucrafil, • S.Dexorange. • S.Augmentin, • S.Bro zedex, • S.Zedex, • S.Creamafin, • S.Creamafin plus, Amber Colored syrup Bottle Clear syrup Bottle • S.Pedicoryl, • S.Benadryl, • S.Mucaine gel, • S.Alex & P, • S.Ascoril, • S.Liv 52, • S.Sucrafil, • S.Dexorange. • S.Augmentin, • S.Bro zedex, • S.Zedex, • S.Creamafin, • S.Creamafin plus, Amber Colored syrup Bottle Clear syrup Bottle
- 27. Amber colored strips Transparent strips
- 28. • T.MA-DHA, • C.Alphadol 0.25, • C.Oxetol 300, • C.Mega 3, • C.Absolut, • T.Hepamerz, • T.Betaloc 25, • T.Raricap, • C.Urimax, • C.Cranmed, • T.Aten 25, • T.Cardivas, • T.Alprazolam. Amber Colored strips Clear strips