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MEDIEVAL CHINA

MEDIEVAL CHINA. Period of Disunion. When Han Dynasty collapsed, China broke into several rival kingdoms, each ruled by military leaders. The was a time of disorder that followed the collapse of Han. Intro: During Period of Disunion, cities and farms were destroyed .

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MEDIEVAL CHINA

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  1. MEDIEVAL CHINA

  2. Period of Disunion • When Han Dynasty collapsed, China broke into several rival kingdoms, each ruled by military leaders. • The was a time of disorder that followed the collapse ofHan

  3. Intro: During Period of Disunion, cities and farms were destroyed.

  4. Escape During Period of Disunion • – a religion that offers comfort from suffering • - stresses individual life and spirituality. • Buddhism • Daoism

  5. Confucianism vs. Buddhism • Buddhism – a religion that stresses a spiritual outlook and an escape from suffering. • Confucianism – a philosophy that stresses ethical and proper behavior.

  6. Confucianism • led to an orderly Chinese society because it encouraged believers to follow their roles in society and obey their emperor.

  7. Tang • Historians view the dynasty as the Golden Age of Chinese civilization.

  8. She was the only woman to take the title of emperor. • She ruled during the Tang Dynasty • She cut taxes • Raised the salaries of government officials, • Reduced expensive military operations, • Reformed the government. • She wanted to win the loyalty of the people. • Empress Wu

  9. More land was cultivated for farming Why did farming improve during Song Dynasty? • Farmers developed new kinds of rice which grew faster and easier

  10. More food means more people!

  11. What is the reason cities grew during the Tang and Song Dynasties? • Trade of rice (agricultural crops)

  12. Chinese Exports • Tea, Rice, and Porcelain

  13. Why does trade grow during the Tang Dynasty? • , 1,100 mile long structure filled with barges carrying rice and other products, was built creating greater trade between North and South China. • Grand Canal

  14. Cities and Trade • What was the capital of the Tang Dynasty? • Chang’an

  15. Why did the Tang support Neo Confucianism? • They wanted to make Buddhism less important in the society.

  16. What is Neo Confucianism? • Combination of Confucianism and Buddhism (ethical and spiritual).

  17. Students preparing for civil service examinations in China spent years memorizing writings Confucius’

  18. How did having a bureaucracy of scholar-officials affect the Song Dynasty’s government? Made the government more efficient and stable.

  19. 1. : Allowed Chinese to copy and print texts or drawings very quickly and in large quantities. Wood Block Printing

  20. Printing Press • Paper was invented during the Han • Printing leads to paper currency

  21. Other Inventions • – leads to firearms (guns) Gunpowder

  22. Other Inventions • – thin, beautiful pottery Porcelain

  23. Other Inventions • – helps explorers go farther, discovery of Americas Magnetic Compass

  24. Other Inventions • The Chinese keep the and making process secret from other cultures so that they could monopolize the trade for higher profits. Silk and Porcelain

  25. THE MONGOLS

  26. Mongol Empire: • organized the Mongols who lived north of China (Mongolia) into a powerful army • Known for 2 things: horseback riding and war • Bloody and brutal attacks on much of Asia and Eastern Europe, killing men, women, and children in countless cities and villages • Grew wealthy from taxing goods they traded Genghis Khan

  27. Mongol Empire: • , Genghis Khan’s grandson conquers China and declares himself emperor and begins the Yuan dynasty • The Yuan Dynasty marked the height of China’s power Kublai Khan

  28. Yuan Dynasty: • The Mongols belonged to a different ethnic group, spoke a different language, worshipped different gods, wore different clothing, and had different customs • Kublai Khan kept control of the Chinese • did not force the Chinese to accept the Mongol way of life • Sending Mongol soldiers throughout China to keep peace and watch for trouble. • Making sure half of the civil service positions were of non-Chinese people. • Making the Chinese people pay very high taxes.

  29. Yuan Dynasty: • Mongol emperors welcomed foreign traders such as, to Chinese ports. • Europeans learned that China was a highly civilized country. Marco Polo

  30. End of the Yuan Dynasty: • Failed Mongol invasion of Japan • Mongol empire could not hold back Chinese rebellion

  31. MING DYNASTY • Took over after Yuan Dynasty • Brought back official system of government • Built Forbidden City • Restored Great Wall • Practiced – policy of avoiding contact with other nations Isolationism

  32. ZHENG HE

  33. Led 7 great voyages around India and to the east coast of Africa • Showed off the power of China

  34. Isolationism Effect of China: Western world had made huge leaps in technological progress

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