Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 Produces Chromosomal- and pSymA-Encoded Type IVc Pili That Influence the Interaction with Alfalfa Plants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In Silico Analyses of Type IVc Pili (T4cP) Genes of S. meliloti GR4
Locus GR4/Rm1021 | Description | Aa | Cv | Af | Bd | Sf |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chromosome flp-1 | ||||||
C770_GR4Chr0141/smc04118 | CpaK-like pseudopilin | CpaK (25) | TadF (26) | NGR_c34610 (60) | ||
C770_GR4Chr0142/smc04117 | CpaJ-like pseudopilin | CpaJ (32) | TadE (29) | NGR_c34620 (69) | ||
C770_GR4Chr0143/smc04115 | CpaI-like putative pili-related protein | CpaI (26) | Atu0226 (63) | Blr1444 (35) | NGR_c34630 (88) | |
C770_GR4Chr0144/smc04114 (pilA1) | Flp pilin subunit | Flp-2 (34) | PilA (51) | CtpA (76) | Bsr1550 (51) | NGR_c34640 (71) |
C770_GR4Chr0145/smc04113 (cpaA1) | Putative prepilin peptidase | TadV (31% in 65aa stretch) | CpaA (37) | CtpB (52) | TadV (43) | NGR_c34650 (71) |
C770_GR4Chr0146/smc04112 (cpaB1) | Component of the outer-membrane secretin complex | CpaB (35) | CtpC (64) | Bll1440 (39) | NGR_c34660 (87) | |
C770_GR4Chr0147/smc04111 * (cpaC1) | Component of the outer-membrane secretin complex | RcpA (26) | CpaC (34) | CtpD (70) | RcpA (40) | NGR_c34670 (87) |
C770_GR4Chr0148/smc04110 (cpaD1) | Component of the outer-membrane secretin complex | CpaD (39) | CtpE (58) | Bll1438 (35) | NGR_c34680 (80) | |
C770_GR4Chr0149/smc04109 (cpaE1) | Putative docking protein of the secretion system | TadZ (23) | CpaE (47) | CtpF (71) | TadZ (49) | NGR_c34690 (87) |
C770_GR4Chr0150/smc02820 (cpaF1) | Pilus assembly ATPase | TadA (50) | CpaF (72) | CtpG (81) | TadA (72) | NGR_c34700 (90) |
C770_GR4Chr0151/smc02821 | CpaG-like putative inner-membrane platform protein | TadB (22) | CpaG (42) | CtpH (64) | TadB Locus 1 (48) | NGR_c34710 (89) |
C770_GR4Chr0152/smc02822 | CpaH-like putative inner-membrane platform protein | TadC (21) | CpaH (48) | CtpI (69) | TadC Locus 1 (54) | NGR_c34720 (90) |
C770_GR4Chr0153/smc04116 (TRm22) | Insertion sequence ISRm22 | |||||
C770_GR4Chr0154/smc02824 | CpaO-like TPR-containing protein | CpaO (37) | Atu0215 (66) | TadD Locus 1 (45) | NGR_c34740 (84) | |
Chromosomal orphan loci | ||||||
C770_GR4Chr2732/smc02446 | Flp pilin subunit | Flp-2 (35) | PilA (60) | CtpA (51) | Bsl4812 (51) | ‡ fig|394.7.peg.5489 (60) |
C770_GR4Chr2733/smc02447 | Hypothetical protein | Atu3515 (52) | NGR_c26670 (95) | |||
C770_GR4Chr3249/smc03784 | CpaM-like polysaccharide deacetylase | CpaM (39) | Atu2773 (59) | Blr0435 (38) | NGR_c31780 (74) | |
pSymA flp-2 | ||||||
C770_GR4pC0512/sma1580 * | CpaI-like putative pili-related protein | CpaI (32) | Atu0226 (31) | Blr1444 (37) | NGR_b03710 (59) | |
C770_GR4pC0513/sma1579 * | Putative pili-related protein | Blr3498 (24) | NGR_b03660 (74) | |||
C770_GR4pC0514/sma1578 * (cpaA2) | Putative prepilin peptidase | TadV (30) | CpaA (38) | CtpB (36) | TadV (43) | NGR_b03670 (71) |
C770_GR4pC0515/sma1576 * (cpaB2) | Component of the outer-membrane secretin complex | CpaB (34) | CtpC (39) | Bll1440 (40) | NGR_b03680 (78) | |
C770_GR4pC0516/sma1573 (cpaE2) | Putative docking protein of the secretion system | CpaE (43) | CtpF (40) | TadZ (40) | NGR_b03690 (76) | |
C770_GR4pC0517/sma1572 | CpaJ-like pseudopilin protein | CpaJ (41) | NGR_b03700 (75) | |||
C770_GR4pC0518/sma1570 (pilA2) | Flp pilin subunit | Flp-1 (34) | PilA (53) | CtpA (55) | Flp-1 (62) | NGR_b03720 (69) |
C770_GR4pC0519/sma1568 * (cpaF2) | Pilus assembly ATPase | TadA (48) | CpaF (73) | CtpG (69) | TadA (79) | NGR_b03730 (87) |
C770_GR4pC0520/sma1564 | CpaG-like putative inner-membrane platform protein | TadB (28) | CpaG (43) | CtpH (41) | TadB Locus 1 (46) | NGR_b03740 (71) |
C770_GR4pC0521/sma1562 | CpaH-like putative inner-membrane platform protein | TadC (20) | CpaH (43) | CtpI (49) | TadC Locus 1 (52) | NGR_b03750 (84) |
pSymA Locus 3 | ||||||
C770_GR4pC1351/sma0163 (pilQ2) | RcpA-like putative component of the outer-membrane secretin complex | RcpA (28) | CpaC (31) | CtpD (31) | CpaC (40) | NGR_b10860 (40) |
C770_GR4pC1350/sma0164 | Hypothetical lipoprotein | Blr3501 (33) | NGR_b10850 (29) | |||
C770_GR4pC1349/sma0166 | CpaO/TadD-like TPR-containing protein | Atu0215 (31% in the 70 aa middle stretch) | TadD Locus 2 (44) | NGR_b10740 (36) |
2.2. Both flp-1 and flp-2 Clusters Contribute to T4cP Production in S. meliloti GR4
2.3. Type IVc Pili (T4cP) Facilitate the Surface Spreading of S. meliloti GR4
2.4. The Interaction of S. meliloti GR4 with Alfalfa Is Influenced by T4cP
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Bacterial Strains, Plasmids, and Growth Conditions
4.2. In Silico Analyses
4.3. Construction of S. meliloti Mutant Strains
4.4. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
4.5. Motility Assays
4.6. Plant Assays
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Carvia-Hermoso, C.; Cuéllar, V.; Bernabéu-Roda, L.M.; van Dillewijn, P.; Soto, M.J. Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 Produces Chromosomal- and pSymA-Encoded Type IVc Pili That Influence the Interaction with Alfalfa Plants. Plants 2024, 13, 628. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13050628
Carvia-Hermoso C, Cuéllar V, Bernabéu-Roda LM, van Dillewijn P, Soto MJ. Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 Produces Chromosomal- and pSymA-Encoded Type IVc Pili That Influence the Interaction with Alfalfa Plants. Plants. 2024; 13(5):628. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13050628
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarvia-Hermoso, Cristina, Virginia Cuéllar, Lydia M. Bernabéu-Roda, Pieter van Dillewijn, and María J. Soto. 2024. "Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 Produces Chromosomal- and pSymA-Encoded Type IVc Pili That Influence the Interaction with Alfalfa Plants" Plants 13, no. 5: 628. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13050628