Ox heart ascidian

Polycarpa aurata

''Polycarpa aurata '', also known as the ox heart ascidian, the gold-mouth sea squirt or the ink-spot sea squirt, is a species of tunicate in the family Styelidae.
Sea Squirt Marine Garden Jahir, lembeh.
A mix of Polycarpa aurata (the bigger ones) with Rhopalaea crassa (smaller blue ones). Geotagged,Indonesia,Polycarpa aurata,Spring

Appearance

''Polycarpa aurata'' grows to a height of 5 to 15 cm . It has an urn-shaped, hollow body with two siphons, one at the top and the other on the side. The body colour of this tunicate is white with purple and orange patches and purple lines. The inside is yellow or orange and this is visible round the rim of the siphons.
Ox heart ascidian (Polycarpa_aurata) Cabilao, Oct 7, 2012.
Is a species of tunicate in the family Styelidae. Polycarpa aurata is purple and orange in colour. These tunicates possess an elementary nervous system and a protective outer layer or tunic, hence the name tunicate, composed of a type of cellulose called tunicin. It has two openings in its golden robe, hence the species name: the branchial siphon to suck the water, and the atrial siphon, located laterally to the first and at the center of the animal's body, to eject. They feed on plancton and bacteria and they are hermafrodites. Adults bind strongly to the substrate through their tunic. They can reach 10 cm.
Habitat:
Widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific, attached to the substrate or rock walls in areas with strong current. Geotagged,Philippines,Polycarpa aurata

Distribution

This species is found in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Its range includes the Philippines, Indonesia and northern Australia. Its depth range is 5 to 50 m .
Ox Heart Ascidian (Polycarpa aurata) Coconut Garden, Lembeh. Geotagged,Indonesia,Polycarpa aurata,Spring

Behavior

Tunicates feed by drawing water in through the branchial siphon at the top, filtering out phytoplankton, bacteria and other food particles, before expelling the water through the atrial siphon at the side. Sometimes hydroids and algae grow on the outside of the tunicate and nudibranchs such as ''Nembrotha lineolata'' sometimes feed on it.

References:

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Taxonomy
KingdomAnimalia
DivisionChordata
ClassAscidiacea
OrderStolidobranchia
FamilyStyelidae
GenusPolycarpa
SpeciesP. aurata