CACTOLOGIA PHANTASTICA 3(2) 4 FEB 2019
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18 New Nothogenera and 8
New Combinations in the
Grass Family Poaceae
By MAARTEN H. J. VAN DER MEER
The grass family Poaceae includes major crop genera like
Triticum (wheat), Hordeum (barley) and S
ecale (rye) in the
subfamily Pooideae, and Saccharum ( sugarcane), Sorghum
(sorghum) and Z
ea (maize) in the subfamily Panicoideae. Species
from this family have been used for extensive hybridization
experiments. No less than 59 valid nothogenera are listed in
IPNI, yet dozens of intergeneric hybrids remain nameless.1
Notho- generic names are proposed here for eighteen
intergeneric hybrids, including one tetrageneric hybrid, ten
trigeneric hybrids and seven bigeneric hybrids. In addition, seven
new combinations for nothospecies are proposed.
Wheat
Barley
Rye
David Monniaux
CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia
Cliff
CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia
LSDSL
CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia
Note that the widely used ×Triticale, an invalid younger synonym of ×Triticosecale, is not
listed.
1
MAARTEN H. J. VAN DER MEER
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CACTOLOGIA PHANTASTICA 3(2) 4 FEB 2019
ISSN 2590-3403 DOI 10.5281/zenodo.2556225
11
Valid Nothogenera in Poaceae
NOTHOGENUS
PARENT 1
PARENT 2
×Achnella
Achnatherum
Nassella
×Aegilosecale
Aegilops
Secale
×Aegilotriticum
Aegilops
Triticum
×Agrocalamagrostis
Agrostis
Calamagrostis
×Agroëlymus
Agropyron
Elymus
×Agrohordeum
Agropyron
Hordeum
×Agropogon
Agrostis
Polypogon
×Agrositanion
Acropyron
Sitanion
×Agrotrigia
Agropyron
Elytrigia
×Agrotrisecale
Agropyron
Secale
×Agrotriticum
Agropyron
Triticum
×Ammocalamagrostis Ammophila
Calamacrostis
×Arctodupontia
Arctophila
Dupontia
×Bromofestuca
Bromus
Festuca
×Calamophila
Ammophila
Calamagrostis
×Cynochloris
Chloris
Cynodon
×Danthosieglingia
Danthonia
Sieglingia
×Dupoa
Dupontia
Poa
×Dupontopoa
Arctopoa
Dupontia
×Elyleymus
Elymus
Leymus
×Elymopyron
Agropyron
Elymus
×Elymordeum
Elymus
Hordeum
PARENT 3
Triticum
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CACTOLOGIA PHANTASTICA 3(2) 4 FEB 2019
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×Elymostachys
Elymus
Psathyrostachys
×Elymotrigia
Elymus
Elytrigia
×Elymotriticum
Elymus
Triticum
×Elysitanion
Elymus
Sitanion
×Elytesion
Critesion
Elymus
×Euchlaezea
Euchlaena
Zea
×Festulolium
Festuca
Lolium
×Festulpia
Festuca
Vulpia
×Gigantocalamus
Dendrocalamus
Gigantochloa
×Hainardiopholis
Hainardia
Parapholis
×Hordale
Hordeum
Secale
×Horderoegneria
Hordeum
Roegneria
×Leydeum
Hordeum
Leymus
×Leymopyron
Agropyron
Leymus
×Leymostachys
Leymus
Psathyrostachys
×Leymotrigia
Elytrigia
Leymus
×Leymotrix
Hystrix
Leymus
×Leytesion
Critesion
Leymus
×Oryticum
Oryza
Triticum
×Pascoleymus
Leymus
Pascopyrum
×Phyllosasa
Phyllostachys
Sasa
×Pseudelymus
Elymus
Pseudoroegneria
×Pucciphippsia
Phippsia
Puccinellia
×Sasinaria
Arundinaria
Sasa
×Schedolium
Lolium
Schedonorus
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×Sitordeum
Hordeum
Sitanion
×Stiporyzopsis
Oryzopsis
Stipa
×Terrelymus
Elymus
Terrellia
×Thinoëlymus
Elymus
Thinopyrum
×Thyrsocalamus
Dendrocalamus
Thyrsostachys
×Trisetokoeleria
Koeleria
Trisetum
×Trisetopsotrichon
Heliotrichon
Trisetopsis
×Triticosecale
Secale
Triticum
×Tritihaynaldia
Haynaldia
Triticum
×Tritipyrum
Thinopyrum
Triticum
×Trititrigia
Elytrigia
Triticum
×Tritordeum
Hordeum
Triticum
Sugarcane
Sorghum
Maize
Thamizhpparithi Maari
CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia
Gyrostat
CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia
Löwe 48
CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia
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Tetrageneric
×HERMANARA
M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Avena L. × E
lymus L. × S
ecale L. × Triticum L.
BASED ON
Avena fatua L. × E
lymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis
[as Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth &
riticum aesD.R.Dewey] × Secale cereale L. × T
tivum L. = common wild oat × intermediate
wheatgrass × rye × common wheat
REFERENCE Shunxue T. et al. (1997). Identification of Introgressed Segments Conferring Disease Resistance
in a Tetrageneric Hybrid of Triticum, Secale,
Thinopyrum, and Avena. Genome 40: 99-103.
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Trigeneric
×ELSJEARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE
Aegilops L. × Agropyron Gaertn. × H
ordeum L.
BASED ON
Aegilops tauschii Coss. [as Triticum tauschii
(Coss.) Schmalh.] × A
gropyron cristatum (L.)
Gaertn. × Hordeum chilense Roem. & Schult. =
rough-spiked hardgrass × crested wheatgrass ×
H. chilense
REFERENCE Martín A., Rubiales D. & Cabrera A. (1998). Meiotic
pairing in a trigeneric hybrid Triticum tauschiiAgropyron cristatum-Hordeum chilense. Hereditas 129: 113-118.
×HANSARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Dasypyrum (Coss. & Durieu) T.Durand ×
Psathyrostachys Nevski ex Roshev. × T
riticum L.
BASED ON
Dasypyrum sp. × P
sathyrostachys sp. × T
riticum
sp. = mosquito grass sp. × Russian wildrye sp. ×
wheat sp.
REFERENCE Li X.-F. (2006). Cytogenetic Study of a Trigeneric
(Triticale × Tritileymus) Hybrid. Euphytica 150:
117–122.
×JEANNEKEARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE
BASED ON
Aegilops L. × H
ordeum L. × S
ecale L.
Aegilops sp. × Hordeum sp. × S
ecale sp. =
goatgrass sp. × barley sp. × rye sp.
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REFERENCE Li X.-F. (2006). Cytogenetic Study of a Trigeneric
(Triticale × Tritileymus) Hybrid. Euphytica 150:
117–122.
×LYNETTEARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Psathyrostachys Nevski & Nevski × S
ecale L. ×
Triticum L.
BASED ON
(Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng f. ex P.C.Kuo
× Triticum aestivum L.) × (Secale cereale L. ×
Triticum aestivum L.) = P. huashanica ×
common
wheat × rye
REFERENCE Kang H. (2012). Production and cytogenetics of
trigeneric hybrid involving Triticum, Psathyrostachys and Secale. Genet. Resources Crop Evol.
59(3): 445-453
Kang H. et al. (2016). Divergent Development of
Hexaploid Triticale by a Wheat - Rye - P
sathyrostachys huashanica Trigeneric Hybrid Method.
PLoS ONE 11(5)
×MELARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Dasypyrum (Coss. & Durieu) Maire × Secale L. ×
Triticum L.
BASED ON
Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Borbás (as H
aynaldia
villosa (L.) Schur) × Secale cereale L. ×
T
riticum
rye ×
durum wheat
durum Desf. = D. villosum ×
REFERENCE Jiang J., Chen P. & Lio D. (1989). Morphology and
cytogenetics
of
Triticum
durum-Haynaldia
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villosa- Secale cereale trigeneric hybrid and its
derivatives. J. Nanjing Agric. Univ. 2: 1-5.
×MERELARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Elymus L. × Psathyrostachys N
evski & Nevski ×
Triticum L.
BASED ON
Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis [as Thinopyrum
intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey] ×
Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng f. ex P.C.Kuo ×
Triticum aestivum L. = intermediate wheatgrass
×P
. huascanica ×
common wheat
REFERENCE Kang H. Method for quickly preparing wheatthinopyrum-intermedium translocated chromosome. Patent CN103270942A, 14 May 2013.
×MUNROARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Aegilops L. × S
ecale L. × Triticum L.
BASED ON
(Aegilops triuncialis L
. [as A
egilops squarrosa L.]
riticum boeoticum B
oiss.
× Secale cereale L. × T
[as Triticum aegilopoides (Link) Balansa ex Körn.])
= barbed goatgrass × rye × einkorn wheat
(Aegilops ventricosa T
ausch × Triticum boeoticum B
oiss. [as Triticum aegilopoides ( Link)
Balansa ex Körn.]) × Secale cereale L. = A.
ventricosa × einkorn wheat × rye
ausch × Triticum boeoti(Aegilops ventricosa T
cum B
oiss. [as Triticum aegilopoides ( Link)
Balansa ex Körn.]) × Secale montanum Guss. = A.
ventricosa ×
einkorn wheat × wild perennial rye
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(Aegilops ventricosa T
ausch × Triticum mono . ventricosa ×
coccum L
.) × Secale cereale L. = A
einkorn wheat × rye
(Aegilops ventricosa T
ausch × Triticum monococcum L
.) × Secale montanum Guss. = A.
ventricosa × einkorn wheat × wild perennial rye
ausch × Triticum dicoccon
(Aegilops ventricosa T
(Schrank) Schübl. [as Triticum dicoccum] ×
emmer wheat
Secale cereale L. = A. ventricosa ×
× rye
(Aegilops ventricosa T
ausch × Triticum dicoccon
(Schrank) Schübl. [as Triticum dicoccum]) ×
Secale montanum G
uss. = A
. ventricosa ×
emmer
wheat × wild perennial rye
(Aegilops triuncialis L
. [as A
egilops squarrosa L.]
× Triticum durum D
esf.) × S
ecale cereale L. =
barbed goatgrass × durum wheat × rye
(Aegilops triuncialis L. [as A
egilops squarrosa L.]
ecale montanum
× Triticum durum Desf.) × S
Guss. = barbed goatgrass × durum wheat × wild
perennial rye
(Aegilops ventricosa T
ausch × Triticum dicoccon
(Schrank) Schübl. [as Triticum dicoccum]) ×
Secale cereale L. = A
. ventricosa × emmer wheat
× rye
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REFERENCE Siddiqui K. (1971). The Synthesis of Trigeneric
Aegilops x Triticum x S
ecale Hybrids. Hereditas
69: 263-272.
×ODINARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE
BASED ON
Leymus Hochst. × Secale L. × Triticum L.
(Triticum aestivum L. × Secale cereale L.) × (Triticum aestivum L. x Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilg.) =
common wheat × rye × American dune grass
REFERENCE Li X.-F. (2006). Cytogenetic Study of a Trigeneric
(Triticale × Tritileymus) Hybrid. Euphytica 150:
117–122.
×PAMELARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Hordeum L. × Secale L. × Triticum L.
BASED ON
(Hordeum vulgare L. × Triticum aestivum L.) ×
Secale cereale L. = barley × common wheat × rye
REFERENCE Fedak G. & Armstrong K. (1981). Cytogenetics of
the Trigeneric Hybrid, (Hordeum vulgare ×
Triticum aestivum) × Secale cereale. Theor. Appl.
Genet. 60(4): 215-219.
Fedak G. & Armstrong K. (1980). Production of
Trigeneric (Barley x Wheat) x Rye Hybrids. Theor.
Appl. Genet. 56: 221-224.
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×VITARA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Elymus L. × L
eymus Hochst. × Triticum L.
BASED ON
Elymus sp. [as T
hinopyrum sp.] × L
eymus sp. ×
Triticum sp.
REFERENCE Li X.-F. (2006). Cytogenetic Study of a Trigeneric
(Triticale × Tritileymus) Hybrid. Euphytica 150:
117–122.
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Bigeneric
×IMPARUM M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Imperata Cirillo × Saccharum L.
BASED ON
Imperata sp. × Saccharum sp. = satintail sp. ×
sugarcane
REFERENCE Gupta S., de Wet J. & Harlan J. 1978: Morphology
of Saccharum-Sorghum Hybrid Derivatives. Amer.
J. Bot. 65(9): 936-942.
×MISCARUM M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Miscanthus Andersson × S
accharum L.
BASED ON
Miscanthus s
p. × Saccharum sp. = silvergrass sp.
× sugarcane
REFERENCE Gupta S., de Wet J. & Harlan J. 1978: Morphology
of Saccharum-Sorghum Hybrid Derivatives. Amer.
J. Bot. 65(9): 936-942.
×SORGHARUM M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Saccharum L. × Sorghum Moench.
BASED ON
Saccharum officinarum L. × S
orghum bicolor (L.)
Moench. = sugarcane × sorghum
REFERENCE Gupta S., de Wet J. & Harlan J. 1978: Morphology
of Saccharum-Sorghum Hybrid Derivatives. Amer.
J. Bot. 65(9): 936-942.
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×SORGHYZA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Oryza L. × S
orghum Moench.
BASED ON
Oryza sativa L. × Sorghum bicolor L. (as Sorghum
vulgare) = Asian rice × sorghum
REFERENCE Tang J., Chen X. & Katsuyoshi S. (2002). Varietal
Differences in Photosynthetic Characters and
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics
Parameters among Intergeneric Progeny Derived
from Oryza X Sorghum, Its Parents, and Hybrid
Rice. J. Zhejiang Univ., Sci. Ed. 3(1): 113-117.
×TRYS M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Psathyrostachys Nevski × T
riticum L.
BASED ON
Psathyrostachys juncea ( Fisch.)
Triticum aestivum L. = Russian
common wheat
Nevski
wildrye
×
×
REFERENCE Plourde A. et al. (1990). A Novel Intergeneric
hybrid in the Triticeae: Triticum aestivum x
Psathyrostachys juncea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:
45-48.
×TRIZEA M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Zea L. × Tripsacum L.
BASED ON
Zea mays L
. × (Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. ×
Zea diploperennis (Iltis, Doebley & R.Guzmán)) =
maize × Eastern gamagrass × perennial teosinte
REFERENCE Plourde A. et al. (1990). A Novel Intergeneric
hybrid in the Triticeae: Triticum aestivum x
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Psathyrostachys juncea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:
45-48.
×ZEARUM M.VAN DER MEER NOTHOGEN. NOV.
PARENTAGE Saccharum L. × Zea L
.
BASED ON
Saccharum officinarum L
. × Zea mays L
. = sugarcane × maize
REFERENCE Gupta S., de Wet J. & Harlan J. 1978: Morphology
of Saccharum-Sorghum Hybrid Derivatives. Amer.
J. Bot. 65(9): 936-942.
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Nothospecies
×ELYLEYMUS ADAMSII
(J.ROUSSEAU) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus repens (L.) Gould × L
eymus mollis (Trin.)
Pilg. = couch grass × American dune grass
BASIONYM
×Agroëlymus adamsii J.Rousseau
×ELYLEYMUS CAYOUETTEORUM
(B.BOIVIN) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus smithii (Rydb.) Gould. × L
eymus innovatus (Beal) Pilg. = Western wheatgrass × downy
ryegrass
BASIONYM
×Agroëlymus cayouetteorum B.Boivin
×ELYLEYMUS ROSHEVITZII
(TZVELEV) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus repens (L.) Gould × Leymus paboanus
(Claus) Pilg. = couch grass × L
. paboanus
BASIONYM
×Leymotrigia roshevitzii Tzvelev
×ELYMOPYRON KOTOVII
(TZVELEV) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. × E
lymus repens
(L.) Gould = crested wheatgrass × couch grass
BASIONYM
×Agrotrigia kotovii Tzvelev
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×ELYMOTRITICUM CZICZNINII
(TZVELEV) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis × Triticum
aestivum L. = intermediate wheatgrass ×
common wheat
BASIONYM
×Leymotrigia roshevitzii Isvelev
ELYMUS ×APICULATUS
(F.A.TSCHERNING) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus repens (L.) Gould × Elymus hispidus
(Opiz) Melderis = couch grass × intermediate
wheatgrass
BASIONYM
Agropyron ×apiculatum F.A.Tscherning
ELYMUS ×BOWDENII
(B.BOIVIN) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Elymus spicatus (Pursh) Gould × Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners = bluebunch
wheatgrass × slender wheatgrass
BASIONYM
Agropyron ×bowdenii B.Boivin
HELICTROTRICHON ×TALAVERAE
(ROMERO ZARCO) M.VAN DER MEER COMB. NOV.
PARENTS
Helictotrichon bromoides (Gouan) C.E.Hubb. ×
Helictotrichon gervaisii (Holub) Röser
BASIONYM
Avenula ×talaverae Romero Zarco
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