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Molecular and biological characterization of the immunological potency of Newcastle disease virus oil emulsion–inactivated vaccines prepared from field isolate obtained from vaccinated chickens outbreak

  • Veterinary Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

This study was conducted to characterize the immunological parameters of chickens vaccinated with two formulated inactivated vaccines, water in oil (WO) and water in oil in water (WOW), prepared from velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) genotype VIIj isolated from outbreak among vaccinated chickens. Six groups (G1–G6) of commercial broiler chickens were established (n = 20). The G1–G3 were received homologous (WO and WOW) and heterologous (LaSota) inactivated vaccines, respectively. The G4 was vaccinated with live heterologous (LaSota) vaccine, while G5 and G6 were kept as control positive and control negative non-vaccinated groups. The antibody titers were measured against vNDV and LaSota antigens using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, the cytokine gene expressions of IFNγ, IL1β, IL4, IL6, IL8, and IL18 were quantified using real-time RT-PCR, and the virus shedding was titrated on chicken embryo fibroblast cells after challenging by vNDV. The classical clinical signs and 100% mortality were observed only in G5 after vNDV challenging. The highest HI titers were detected in G1, G2, and G3 using NDV/168 antigen with no significant differences among them. These groups showed higher HI titer than G4 (2-4log2). Cytokine gene expression of IFNγ, IL1, IL6, IL8, and IL18 were significantly downregulated in vaccinated chickens with upregulation of IL4 than non-vaccinated challenge group. Viral shedding titers were significantly (0.0001, p ≤ 0.001) reduced in all samples form vaccinated chickens. In conclusion, the prepared vaccines produced highly efficient immunological responses and could be used for controlling the NDV infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Virology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt

    Mohammed Ismail Hassan & Serageldeen Sultan

  2. Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Luxor, Egypt

    Mohammed Ismail Hassan

  3. Department of Microbiology, Bacteriology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt

    Mohamed Wael Abd El-Azeem

  4. Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt

    Abdullah Selim

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  1. Mohammed Ismail Hassan
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Correspondence to Serageldeen Sultan.

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All procedures performed in studies involving chickens were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics committee of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.

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Hassan, M.I., Abd El-Azeem, M.W., Selim, A. et al. Molecular and biological characterization of the immunological potency of Newcastle disease virus oil emulsion–inactivated vaccines prepared from field isolate obtained from vaccinated chickens outbreak. Braz J Microbiol 51, 815–826 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-019-00203-1

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