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Optimization of the Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

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Abstract

In this work, the optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was carried out by applying a response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The influence of different parameters i.e., the liquid-to-solid ratio, the temperature and the extraction time have been jointly tested by maceration in an ethanol–water (70/30; v/v) mixture. A central composite design composed of 20 experimental trials with 6 replicates in the center was applied. A second-order polynomial model was used to describe the experimental data related to the extraction yield, the Total Phenolic Content (TPC), the total content of the major flavonoid compounds identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS), and antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. The optimum extraction conditions obtained were 12.4 mL/g, 50.4 °C, and 124.8 min, for liquid/solid ratio, temperature and contact time, respectively. Under these conditions, the predicted phenolic compound content was 342.8 ± 11.1 mg GAE/g dry extract. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a good fit (p < 0.05) between the predicted and observed responses for each response variable studied. The extracts showed a significative correlation (80%) between the TPC and their antioxidant activities using DPPH assays. HPLC–ESI–MS and tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) analysis of the extracts allowed to identify eight major glycosylate flavonoids. E. camaldulensis leaf extracts present a wide range of phenolic compounds with interest in market garden crops.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Académie de Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur- Commission de la Coopération au Développement (ARES-CCD) de la Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles (Belgium).

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  1. Laboratoire Energies Renouvelables et Efficacité Energétique (LabEREE), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), Rue de la Science 01, BP 594, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso

    Bassalia Ouattara & Igor W. K. Ouédraogo

  2. Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Lab, Biosciences Research Institute, University of MONS–UMONS, 23 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium

    Bassalia Ouattara, Irène Semay & Pascal Gerbaux

  3. Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso

    Jean Claude W. Ouédraogo

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Ouattara, B., Semay, I., Ouédraogo, J.C.W. et al. Optimization of the Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology. Chemistry Africa 7, 1251–1267 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-023-00821-1

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