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Capacitive and Resistive Properties of Molten Salt Synthesized Lead-Free K1/2Na1/2NbO3 Ceramic

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Abstract

Lead-free K1/2Na1/2NbO3 (KNN) powder was synthesized using the molten-salt process in the eutectic mixture of KCl–NaCl at a low temperature of 700 ℃ for 2 h, which is less than that of the widely used conventional technique solid-state synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the purity and phase formation. To characterize the surface morphology of sintered ceramics, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used. The studies of dielectric permittivity and impedance spectroscopy were performed ranging from 1 Hz to 1 MHz on KNN at temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to 580 ℃. The piezoelectric coefficient constant d33 of KNN was obtained, and it is 90 × 10−12 pC/N. Nyquist plots of complex impedance were used to deduce the mechanism of relaxation. These plots depict non-Debye relaxation behavior. The conductivity contributions of grain and grain boundary were estimated using Cole–Cole plots. In addition, antibacterial activity for the KNN was tested using a four-plate approach.

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Acknowledgements

This research work on perovskite based lead-free ceramics was supported by the UGC-DAE Consortium for scientific research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, lndore- 452017 (CSR-IC/ /CRS-241/2017-18/1322). The authors would like to thank UGC- DAE CSR, Indore for sanction of research project and financial support. We also thank Dr. Vasanth sathe (Centre director), Dr. Alok Banerjee (Ex Centre director), Dr. Uday Deshpande and Dr. Mukul Gupta from UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore center, extending the measurement facilities XRD, Raman and UV-Vis & FTIR respectively.

Funding

UGC-DAE-Consotium for Scientific Research, Indore Center, CSR-IC/ /CRS-241/2017-18/1322.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India

    Deva Sucharitha Chakram & Madhavaprasad Dasari

  2. UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 425001, India

    Varimalla Raghavendra Reddy

  3. Department of Microbiology and FST, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India

    S. Nabanita Kumar

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  1. Deva Sucharitha Chakram
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First author DSC involved in the data collection curation, writing the original draft, Second Author VRR contributed conceptualization supervision, review and editing. Third author (SNK) has done analysis of microbiological activity and written the microbiological activity part with figures, i.e., Figures 15 and 16. and fourth author (corresponding author) Madhavaprasad Dasari contributed supervision, methodology and resourses, review and editing.

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Correspondence to Madhavaprasad Dasari.

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Chakram, D.S., Reddy, V.R., Kumar, S.N. et al. Capacitive and Resistive Properties of Molten Salt Synthesized Lead-Free K1/2Na1/2NbO3 Ceramic. J Inorg Organomet Polym 33, 2824–2834 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-023-02710-z

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